Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Past abuse »
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Sommaire
Consultez les listes thématiques d’articles de revues, de livres, de thèses, de rapports de conférences et d’autres sources académiques sur le sujet « Past abuse ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Articles de revues sur le sujet "Past abuse"
1
Firoozabadi, Ali. « The Past Victim, the Future Abuser ». Archives of Iranian Medicine 23, no 4Suppl1 (1 avril 2020) : S6—S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/aim.2020.s2.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Childhood trauma exerts a significant effect on psychological life of people. It is a ubiquitous phenomenon. We face a social epidemic with serious consequences that shatter the life of survivors. Victimization in early years of life entraps the individuals in the victim-rescuer-abuser triangle. Many perpetrators and criminals have had history of childhood abuse. The main objective of this study was the assessment of patients with a history of child abuse who behaved in abusive manner in adulthood. Methods: By reviewing the files of 3694 patients referred to my outpatient private clinic, I tried to gather data to answer the questions related to this study including history of abuse, victimization, substance abuse, and the percent of patients who were involved in abusive behaviors in adulthood. Results: In total, 1075 patients reported a history of some abuse during childhood (29.10%). Of them, 19.44% (total = 209, 78 men and 131 women) behaved as an abuser for most of their life. The prevalence of substance abuse in people with history of abuse was 36.6% compared to 28.36% in those without. The prevalence of acting as an abuser and perpetrator in adult life was 27.5%, 19.5%, 18.4% and 11.11% among the divorced, married, single and widowed respectively. Conclusion: This preliminary study showed that a significant number of patients with history of childhood abuse involved in abusive behavior and victimization of others in adulthood. Paying attention to this issue by mental health practitioners and policy makers can prevent the intergenerational transmission of abuse and development of a more peaceful society.
2
Wiederman, Michael W., Randy A. Sansone et Lori A. Sansone. « History of Trauma and Attempted Suicide Among Women in a Primary Care Setting ». Violence and Victims 13, no 1 (1 mars 1998) : 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.13.1.3.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The results of past research have demonstrated apparent links between suicidality and a history of sexual abuse or physical abuse. However, the relative predictive power of such abuse histories in explaining suicidality remains unknown, as does the potential relationship between suicidality and emotional abuse, physical neglect, and witnessing violence. In the current study, 151 women who presented for nonemergent medical care indicated whether they had experienced each of five types of abuse and whether they had ever attempted suicide. Similar to past research, increased rates of having attempted suicide were evident among women who had been sexually or physically abused. Rates of past suicide attempts were also higher among those who had experienced emotional abuse or had witnessed violence. However, many women indicated having experienced multiple forms of trauma. In a multivariate analysis, only sexual abuse and physical abuse were uniquely predictive of having attempted suicide. Results are discussed with regard to the potential importance of bodily intrusiveness during abuse as most predictive of subsequent suicidality.
3
Sansone, Randy A., Justin S. Leung et Michael W. Wiederman. « The Abuse of Prescription Medications and Employment History ». International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 43, no 3 (avril 2012) : 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pm.43.3.f.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objective: The relationship between prescription medication abuse and employment history is rarely studied and is the focus of the present study. Method: Using a cross-sectional consecutive sample of 325 internal medicine outpatients and a self-report survey methodology, we examined prescription medication abuse (“Have you ever intentionally, or on purpose, abused prescription medications?”) and four employment variables. Results: We found statistically significant relationships between the abuse of prescription medications and all four employment variables—i.e., number of different jobs held since age 18 (5.05 in nonabusers versus 7.81 in past abusers), estimated percentage of time employed since age 18 (79.0% in nonabusers versus 63.3% in past abusers), being paid “under the table” (24.9% in nonabusers versus 77.4% in past abusers), and being fired (37.2% in nonabusers versus 64.5% in past abusers)—all indicating less employment viability in participants with past histories of prescription medication abuse. Conclusions: The abuse of prescription medications is associated with impaired functionality in the work arena.
4
Vosburg, Suzanne K., Jared Beaumont, S. Taryn Dailey-Govoni, Stephen F. Butler et Jody L. Green. « Evaluation of Abuse and Route of Administration of Extended-Release Tapentadol Among Treatment-Seeking Individuals, as Captured by the Addiction Severity Index–Multimedia Version (ASI-MV) ». Pain Medicine 21, no 9 (16 octobre 2019) : 1891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnz250.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Background Tapentadol is a molecule incorporating mu opioid receptor agonism and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition to provide analgesia, with the potential for a lower incidence of gastrointestinal side effects than full mu opioid agonists. Postmarketing surveillance of tapentadol as an active pharmaceutical ingredient has consistently revealed low levels of abuse and diversion. Objective The purpose of the present study was to further characterize the abuse liability of tapentadol extended-release (ER) by evaluating the prevalence of past 30-day tapentadol ER abuse and reported routes of administration as compared with ER opioids with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) abuse-deterrent labeling (“ADF opioids”) and ER opioids without FDA abuse-deterrent labeling (“non-ADF opioids”). Methods Data were collected from January 2014 through December 2017 from 776 centers located in 43 states throughout the United States using the Addiction Severity Index–Multimedia Version (ASI-MV), an instrument that is integral to the National Addictions Vigilance Intervention and Prevention Program (NAVIPPRO, Inflexxion, an IBH Company, Costa Mesa, CA, USA). Results Tapentadol ER had lower rates of past 30-day abuse than ADF ER and non-ADF ER opioid comparators, both at a population level and when adjusted for drug utilization. Tapentadol ER was primarily abused orally, although it was also abused through alternate routes of administration. Cumulative rates of tapentadol ER abuse by alternative routes of administration were lower than both ADF and non-ADF ER opioid comparators, although large confidence intervals resulting from the small sample size of reported tapentadol ER use limit firm conclusions. Conclusions In summary, tapentadol ER was found to have lower rates of both past 30-day abuse and use via alternate routes of administration, specifically snorting and smoking, than ADF and non-ADF ER comparators.
5
Osgood, Nancy J., et Ameda A. Manetta. « Abuse and Suicidal Issues in Older Women ». OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 42, no 1 (février 2001) : 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/erx5-x0b8-6wdx-y9vx.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Physical and sexual abuses are traumatic experiences for women. Many older women who suffer from depression and express suicidal ideation are victims of past and/or present abuse. This study reports the results of a study of 364 women aged fifty-five years and older who were former patients in one of three psychiatric facilities in Virginia. Detailed chart reviews provided the data to determine the relationship between abuse and suicidal issues in these older women. Results of the study show that women with identified suicidal issues (attempts and/or ideation) had significantly more prior victimization (child abuse, rape, battering) than women without suicidal issues. Review of existing literature and results of the present study suggest the importance of assessing for past and/or present physical and sexual abuse in older suicidal women. Assessment issues are discussed.
6
Downie, Samantha, Iuliana Kanya, Kim Madden, Mohit Bhandari et Arpit C. Jariwala. « Intimate partner violence (IPV) in male and female orthopaedic trauma patients : a multicentre, cross-sectional prevalence study ». BMJ Open 11, no 8 (août 2021) : e046164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046164.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ObjectivesIdentify the proportion of patients attending fracture clinics who had suffered intimate partner violence (IPV) within the past year.DesignPowered cross-sectional study using validated participant self-reported questionnaires.Setting and participantsAdult trauma patients (no gender/age exclusions) attending one of three Scottish adult fracture clinics over 16-month period (from October 2016 to January 2018).Primary outcome measureNumber of participants answering ‘yes’ to the Woman Abuse Screening Tool question: ‘In your current relationship over the past twelve months, has your partner ever abused you physically/emotionally/sexually?’ResultsOf 336 respondents, 46% (156/336 known) were women with 65% aged over 40 (212/328 known). The overall prevalence of IPV within the preceding 12 months was 12% 39/336) for both male and female patients. The lifetime prevalence of IPV among respondents was 20% (68/336). 38% of patients who had experienced IPV within the past 12 months had been physically abused (11/29). None of the patients were being seen for an injury caused by abuse. Two-thirds of respondents thought that staff should ask routinely about IPV (55%, 217/336), but only 5% had previously been asked about abuse (18/336).ConclusionsThis is the first study worldwide investigating the prevalence of IPV in fracture clinics for both male and female patients. 12-month prevalence of IPV in fracture clinic patients is significant and not affected by gender in this study. Patients appear willing to disclose abuse within this setting and are supportive of staff asking about abuse. This presents an opportunity to identify those at risk within this vulnerable population.
7
Papazisis, Georgios, Georgios Garyfallos, Chrysanthi Sardeli et Dimitrios Kouvelas. « Pregabalin abuse after past substanceseeking behavior ». Int. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 51, no 05 (1 mai 2013) : 441–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/cp201881.
Texte intégral
8
Hayes, Derren. « Domestic Abuse ». Children and Young People Now 2019, no 5 (2 mai 2019) : 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/cypn.2019.5.27.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cases of domestic abuse recorded by police and children's services have risen significantly over the past decade. The government has published a draft bill containing new protections to tackle the problem
9
Curry, Mary Ann, Paula Renker, Susan Robinson-Whelen, Rosemary B. Hughes, Paul Swank, Mary Oschwald et Laurie E. Powers. « Facilitators and Barriers to Disclosing Abuse Among Women With Disabilities ». Violence and Victims 26, no 4 (2011) : 430–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.26.4.430.
Texte intégralRésumé :
An anonymous audio computer-assisted self-interview (A-CASI) designed to increase awareness of abuse was completed by 305 women with diverse disabilities. Data were also collected about lifetime and past year abuse; perpetrator risk characteristics; facilitators and barriers to disclosing abuse; abuse disclosure to a health provider, case manager, or police officer; and whether a health provider had ever discussed abuse or personal safety. A total of 276 (90%) women reported abuse, 208 (68%) reported abuse within the past year. Women who reported the most abuse experiences in the past year and the most dangerous perpetrators endorsed fewer facilitators and more barriers, but were also more likely to have ever disclosed abuse. Only 15% reported that a health provider had ever discussed abuse and personal safety.
10
Lev-Wiesel, Rachel, et Marianne Amir. « The Effects of Similarity Versus Dissimilarity of Spouses' Traumatic Childhood Events on Psychological Well-Being and Marital Quality ». Journal of Family Issues 24, no 6 (septembre 2003) : 737–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x03255326.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study compared spouses who had experienced similar versus different childhood trauma in terms of post-traumatic symptomatology, psychological symptoms of distress, and marital quality. The sample comprised two groups: Holocaust child survivors who were sexually abused during the Holocaust and are married to Holocaust child survivors ( n = 44) who were also sexually abused, and adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse married to nonsurvivors of sexual abuse ( n = 43). All participants were administered the post-traumatic stress disorder, Symptom Checklist 90-Revised, and Enrich Scale for Marital Quality questionnaires. The results revealed that compared with survivors married to partners with different past traumatic experiences, survivors who shared similar past traumatic experiences with their spouses had higher levels of PTSD, anxiety, depression, somatization, phobic-anxiety, and hostility but also expressed greater levels of marital quality.
Thèses sur le sujet "Past abuse"
1
Hagemeier, Nicholas E. « Prescription Drug Abuse : Past, Present and Prevention ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1426.
Texte intégral
2
Nigro, Frank. « Not living in the past recovering from sexual abuse / ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p091-0067.
Texte intégral
3
Thanasiu, Page. « THE INFLUENCE OF PAST ABUSE ON HETEROSEXUAL COHABITING COUPLES' RELATIONSHIP TYPES ». Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3785.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study investigated the influence of past witnessed or experienced abuse on heterosexual cohabiting couples' Premarital Personal and Relationship Evaluation for Cohabiting Couples (PREPARE-CC) couple relationship types. The researcher utilized preexisting data from 5,000 cohabiting couples who had previously participated in the PREPARE marriage preparation program and had completed the PREPARE-CC inventory including a demographic section that elicited information about past abuse. Discriminant analysis was conducted in SPSS to answer the question of whether the presence of past witnessed or experienced abuse could successfully predict relationship type among cohabiting couples. Results of the discriminant analysis yielded no significant ability to classify cohabiting couples by individuals' experience of past abuse, however, isolating females and males with the highest frequencies of past abuse indicated that males abused "very often" had a higher frequency of higher-satisfaction relationship types than the general sample consisting mostly of individuals with little or no history of abuse. Females reporting abuse "very often" did not follow this same pattern. Recommendations were made for future longitudinal studies and for strength-based research on healthy heterosexual cohabiting couples in an effort to understand what contributes to these couples' success.Ph.D.
Department of Child, Family and Community Sciences
Education
Counselor Education
4
Hendrickson-Gracie, Allan E. « The Partner Abuse Short Term, PAST, group program, an intervention for men who batter ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62750.pdf.
Texte intégral
5
Mäkelä, Debora. « Historical Child Abuse In Out-Of-Home Care : Finland Disclosing And Discussing Its Past ». Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Barn, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-120402.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The main focus in this thesis lies in the observation of how the public debate is formulating and developing in Finland in relation to the current implementation of the Inquiry on historical child abuse and neglect in out-of-home care. This thesis analyses the testimonies published around the investigation and on historical child abuse, in the public domain. The release of two documentaries broadcasted on National TV (YLE TV1) in 2013 and 2014 triggered a, however scarce, online public discussion with few newspapers’ as well as magazines’ articles covering informatively the inquiry. The online debate has so far seen the participation mainly of the victims themselves of historical abuse. Generally, I found a confirmation that the Finnish individualistic culture is hardly prompt to open discussion on such topics. As S.N., a care leaver, explains in the second documentary: (Lehikoinen, Luurankokaappi, 2014) “the culture does not give space” though people have “the need to speak.” My thematic analysis on this debate has nonetheless disclosed an urge to come to terms with a past of institutional abuse, framed in a general context of public mistrust in the Child Welfare4 system. The care-leavers, narrating their stories in the two TV documentaries, disclosed memories of neglect, violence and systematical isolation of the Poor. Their stories are interpreted through the debate on the media as stories of injustice. Their narration portraits a concept of “child care” very far from nowadays’ standards of child welfare. Care-leaver H.S. points his finger on the Finnish child-care institution where he spent his childhood in the ‘50s: “Only a monster can send a child to such a place!” (Lehikoinen, Varastettu Lapsuus, 2013).
6
Del, Castillo Darren Michael. « The Perils and Possibilities in Sharing One's Past : Understanding the Experience of Disclosing Childhood Sexual Abuse to a Romantic Partner ». Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1154538407.
Texte intégral
7
Chestnutt, Sarah Jayne. « Linking the past to the future : an exploration of the educational experiences of children who have lived with domestic abuse ». Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34096.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Almost one quarter of children, by the time they reach 18 years old, will have experienced domestic violence (DV) at some point in their childhood (Bentley et al., 2017). The impact of DV on children can affect the areas of emotional and social development, communication, physical health and learning, in the home and school environments. Rather than being passive witnesses to abuse, children experience it through all of their senses. Despite a wealth of research exploring the areas of DV and the impact on children, there is limited current research in the area of DV in relation to children in education, and teacher perspectives of DV. This research therefore aims to add to the body of literature by exploring the educational experiences of children who have lived with domestic abuse and the views of teachers supporting those children. There were two phases to the research. Phase one involved working with children to explore their views of education and what was important to them, using image-based data collection methods. Phase two explored teacher perspectives of the effects of DV on children and a discussion about the implications of phase one, using a soft systems methodology approach. A visual arts-based methodology was utilised in order to allow children to explore and share their thoughts and feelings in a creative way; to tell their stories, take ownership over their own information and feel empowered to do so through a method of their choosing. The data was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The findings illustrated that children’s experiences of school were centred on six key areas: play, education, identity, relationships, feeling safe and linking the past to the future. Teachers in the study expressed an understanding of DV and the impact on children and families. They described what children think about school and what children need at school. However, there were many barriers and conflicts for teachers in providing such support, and they felt disempowered to enact positive change for those children. Visual methodology allowed for children to express their views in a way that linked the past with the future that helped them navigate the present situation. The implications for educational psychology practice were explored at various levels of working. In particular, with relation to eliciting child voice, supporting schools at a systems level and promoting organisational change.
8
Bacchus, Patricia A. « Impact of Religiosity on Recent Alcohol Use, Recent Binge Drinking, and Recent and Past Year Marijuana Use in African American Adults ». University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1552657060447861.
Texte intégral
9
Power, Christina Louise. « Systematic review of meta-analytic studies assessing the prevalence of child sexual abuse, and, A meta-analysis of the prevalence of contact and non-contact child sexual abuse as reported by adolescents in the past 10 years ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16154.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objectives: The thesis comprises two parts. Firstly, a systematic review (SR) systematically examined meta-analytic studies assessing the prevalence of sexual abuse in childhood. A meta-analysis sought to systematically identify and synthesise data from studies providing prevalence estimates of contact and non-contact child sexual abuse (CSA) as self-reported by adolescents within the past 10 years. Methods: Consistent with Cochrane Collaboration guidelines, the systemic review adopted a comprehensive search of electronic databases and additional sources, including communication with authors working in the field, and the use of ancestry and descendency approaches between February 2013 and March 2014. The meta-analysis also adopted an equally systematic search conducted from March 2013 to June 2014. Assessment of quality and risk of bias were conducted on the included studies using PRISMA criteria and STROBE guidelines. Results: The systematic review identified six meta-analytic studies for review. The quality of studies and the range of definitional and methodological factors studied varied; results sections were well covered, whereas, quality and risk of bias within studies were generally poorly addressed. Prevalence estimates varied considerably and high heterogeneity was consistent across all analyses. Nine population studies measuring prevalence of contact and non-contact CSA were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analyses were conducted overall and across male and female populations. Prevalence estimates varied considerably across studies, with contact CSA ranging from 2% to 39.8% and overall non-contact CSA, estimates ranged from 1% to 24.6%. Substantial heterogeneity was present across all analyses and therefore findings should be interpreted with caution. Nevertheless, the findings were thought-provoking and most likely due to differences in definitions of CSA and inconsistent use of validated instruments. Conclusions: Child sexual abuse is an international problem which is highly pervasive across all societies and populations studied. Females consistently report higher rates of CSA than males, and some Asian countries, namely China, produce relatively lower CSA estimates, even controlling for a wide range of methodological factors and study characteristics. The considerable heterogeneity was apparent both between and within studies and it appears likely based on the current findings, and in the context of previous research, that there are a wide range of methodological and socio-demographic factors which moderate CSA prevalence estimates. More specifically, the lack of a universally recognised definition of CSA proves especially problematic for researchers. The issue is further complicated by use of non-standardised instruments and inconsistent reporting and dissemination of findings. There is a need for future epidemiological studies to adhere to universal guidelines using standard definitions, standardisation of instruments and standardisation of reporting and dissemination to facilitate development of health policies, resource allocation and prevention initiatives for clinical and social services.
10
Rondon, Elizabeth da Silva Alcoforado. « O poder nos muros do silêncio : abuso sexual, segredo e família ». Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9726.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Submitted by Vasti Diniz (vastijpa@hotmail.com) on 2017-12-26T14:21:08Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
arquivototal.pdf: 1806591 bytes, checksum: 435d00e5afc4508e2dd36c09787e64ec (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-26T14:21:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1806591 bytes, checksum: 435d00e5afc4508e2dd36c09787e64ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01
The objective of this work was to analyze how the silence pact is constituted as a power device in cases of intrafamily sexual abuse, generating a social shame as an individual emotion of social repercussion. It was assumed that sexual abuse removes the family from its equilibrium aura, showing a fracture in the internal context, caused by two elements: incest and silence. Thus, we sought to understand the triangulation between the structuring elements of recurrent intrafamily sexual abuse: incest; the silence / secret and the break of these. It was based methodologically by a qualitative approach, and a structured interview was used as a data collection instrument, applied among professionals working in the protection / assistance to the victims, in the scope of health and social assistance, and among some victims participating in the research. Studies of Psychology, Anthropology and Sociology based the phenomenon comprehhension and its analysis theoretically, through the reading of different authors such as Boltanski (2012), Simmel (2009, 2011 and 2013), Veena Das (1999; Pollak (1989), Scheff (2016) and Foucault (1999). The research pointed to the understanding of sexual abuse as a social phenomenon that aggregates structuring elements like power, in the domestic spaces. In this sense, the mediation of professionals working in social and health assistence is necessary to break the silence pact. We hope to promote a broader reflection on the training and intervention practices of these professionals, starting from the understanding of the categories secrecy and silence, clarifying victims and relatives that this phenomenon represents a public health issue, demanding serious state interventions.
Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, analisar como o pacto do silêncio se constitui em dispositivo de poder, nos casos de abuso sexual intrafamiliar, gerador de uma vergonha social como emoção individual de repercussão social. Partiu-se do pressuposto de que o abuso sexual destitui a família de sua aura de equilíbrio, demonstrando haver uma fratura no contexto interno, causada por dois elementos: o incesto e o silêncio. Assim, buscou-se compreender a triangulação entre os elementos estruturantes do abuso sexual intrafamiliar recorrente: o incesto; o silêncio/segredo e a quebra destes. Direcionando-se metodologicamente por uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizou-se de entrevista estruturada como instrumento de coleta de dados, aplicada entre profissionais atuantes na proteção/assistência às vítimas, no âmbito da saúde e assistência social, e entre algumas vítimas participantes da pesquisa. Teoricamente, o fenômeno foi analisado à luz de estudos de Psicologia, Antropologia e Sociologia, a partir da leitura de autores diferenciados, como Boltanski (2012), Simmel (2009, 2011 e 2013), Veena Das (1999; 2007; 2011), Pollak (1989), Scheff (2016) e Foucault (1999). A pesquisa apontou para a compreensão do abuso sexual como fenômeno social que agrega elementos estruturadores como o poder, nos espaços domésticos. Neste sentido, a mediação de profissionais atuantes no atendimento é necessária para a quebra do pacto do silêncio. Esperamos promover uma reflexão mais ampla sobre as práticas formativas e interventivas desses profissionais, a partir da compreensão das categorias segredo e silêncio, esclarecendo vítimas e familiares que tal fenômeno consiste numa questão de saúde pública, cabendo sérias intervenções estatais.
Livres sur le sujet "Past abuse"
1
Canfield, Oran. Long Past Stopping. New York : HarperCollins, 2009.
Trouver le texte intégral
2
Rawlings, Peter. Henry James and the Abuse of the Past. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230504967.
Texte intégral
3
Rawlings, Peter. Henry James and the abuse of the past. New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
Trouver le texte intégral
4
McDowell, Josh. My friend is struggling with-- past sexual abuse. Nashville, [Tenn.] : Word Pub., 2000.
Trouver le texte intégral
5
John, Matthews. Past imperfect. London : Michael Joseph, 1999.
Trouver le texte intégral
6
Child Welfare Information Gateway (U.S.), dir. Child maltreatment prevention : Past, present, and future. Washington, DC : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Children's Bureau, Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2011.
Trouver le texte intégral
7
Deans, Sis Boulos. Racing the past. New York : Puffin Books, 2005.
Trouver le texte intégral
8
Deans, Sis Boulos. Racing the past. New York : Henry Holt & Co., 2001.
Trouver le texte intégral
9
Deans, Sis Boulos. Racing the past. New York : Henry Holt & Co., 2001.
Trouver le texte intégral
10
Loiselle, Mindy B. Rewind, rebound : A guide for male teens moving past sexual abuse. Brandon, Vt : Safer Society Press, 2010.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Past abuse"
1
Huang, Ming-Chyi, et Shih-Ku Lin. « Ketamine Abuse : Past and Present ». Dans Ketamine, 1–14. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2902-3_1.
Texte intégral
2
Pine, Emilie. « Past Traumas : Representing Institutional Abuse ». Dans The Politics of Irish Memory, 18–51. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230295315_2.
Texte intégral
3
Lindberg, Brian W., et Pamela B. Teaster. « Shades of Charles Dickens : Elder Abuse Policy Past, Present, and Yet to Be ». Dans Elder Abuse, 615–28. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47504-2_29.
Texte intégral
4
Swain, Shurlee. « Institutional Abuse : A Long History ». Dans Examining the Past and Shaping the Future, 17–27. London : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003142799-2.
Texte intégral
5
Wilson, Jacqueline Z., et Frank Golding. « Contested Memories : Caring about the Past — or Past Caring ? » Dans Apologies and the Legacy of Abuse of Children in 'Care', 27–41. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137457554_3.
Texte intégral
6
Teaster, Pamela B., Brian W. Lindberg et Yuxin Zhao. « Elder Abuse Policy, Past, Present, and Future Trends ». Dans International Perspectives on Aging, 53–71. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25093-5_5.
Texte intégral
7
Rawlings, Peter. « Grammars of Time, Senses of the Past ». Dans Henry James and the Abuse of the Past, 124–58. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230504967_4.
Texte intégral
8
Hamai, Tamara A., et Vincent J. Felitti. « Adverse Childhood Experiences : Past, Present, and Future ». Dans Handbook of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan, 1–24. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62122-7_305-1.
Texte intégral
9
Hamai, Tamara A., et Vincent J. Felitti. « Adverse Childhood Experiences : Past, Present, and Future ». Dans Handbook of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan, 97–120. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89999-2_305.
Texte intégral
10
Rawlings, Peter. « The ‘Exquisite Melancholy of Everything Unuttered’ : History and the Abuse of the Past ». Dans Henry James and the Abuse of the Past, 1–32. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230504967_1.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Past abuse"
1
Drohan, Megan, Christina Schulz, Emily Glatt, Amy Stamates et Michelle Kelley. « Impulsivity and Childhood Physical Abuse Predict Past 30-day Cannabis Use Among Bisexual Women ». Dans 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.11.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Previous research suggests that bisexual women’s rate of cannabis use is 2 to 7 times higher than their heterosexual peers; however, factors contributing to this are unclear. Trait impulsivity (i.e., tendency to act without forethought) and history of childhood physical abuse (CPA) are two risk factors that may be relevant for bisexual women’s cannabis use. Specifically, bisexual women indicate high levels of risk-taking and commonly report histories of CPA. While both impulsivity and CPA have been identified as predictors of cannabis use in heterosexual women, research has yet to explore these factors as predictors of cannabis use among bisexual women. Consequently, the present study examined CPA and trait impulsivity as predictors of cannabis use in a sample of bisexual women. It was hypothesized that both trait impulsivity and exposure to CPA would predict greater frequency of cannabis use. Participants were 225 bisexual women aged 22.77 years (SD = 3.45) recruited from a southeastern university and community area. Participants completed an online survey including questions about their past 30-day frequency of cannabis use (5-point scale ranging from 0 = never to 4 = daily), CPA using the Child Maltreatment Scale-physical abuse subscale, and impulsivity using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-version 11. A majority of the sample reported cannabis use in the past 30 days (60.3%), with 23.2% using once or twice, 12.9% using weekly, 11.2% using almost daily, and 12.9% using daily. To account for the large number of zero values on the cannabis use score, we tested a Poisson hurdle model to evaluate the effects of CPA and impulsivity on cannabis use. Frequency of cannabis use was modeled first as a binary logistic model (0 versus any use) and then as a truncated regression model for non-zero responses. Results indicated that across all participants, greater impulsivity predicted any cannabis use in the past 30 days (p = .003), but CPA did not (p = .942). Among participants who reported past 30-day cannabis use only, CPA was associated with increased frequency of cannabis use (p = .003), and impulsivity did not predict frequency of cannabis use (p = .683). Overall, results indicated that greater trait impulsivity was associated with past 30-day cannabis use, but not frequency of cannabis use. Conversely, greater CPA exposure was not associated with whether one used cannabis in the past 30 days but instead was related to increased frequency of past 30-day cannabis use. Thus, although trait impulsivity may identify cannabis users, CPA may identify sexual minority women who are at risk for increased frequency of cannabis use. Given the potential long-term harms associated with increased cannabis use (e.g., changes in brain morphology, cognitive impairment, and respiratory issues), prevention efforts targeting bisexual women may want to consider impulsivity and CPA.
2
Klechkaroska Avramoski, Kostadina. « ABUSE OF THE SOCIAL NETWORK FACEBOOK PRIVACY ». Dans SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.3.7.22.p07.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Personal data protection is a relatively new area in the entire rights system. In the past, 20 to 30 years ago, this protection was not as necessary as it is today due to the fact that then the rapid advancement of technology and the emergence of social networks (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter) were not felt. We assume that insufficient normative regulation of data protection makes them susceptible to abuse. The built legal culture and attitude towards the data of each individual (especially the care for the way of giving the data) conditions for a higher level of security of the personal data, but also of the individuals participating in the social networks. The target group of this research were people of all ages who are Facebook users. A survey questionnaire was used as a research tool, as well as the following methods: deduction method, statistical method and analytical method. From the conducted research we can conclude that the users of the social network Facebook should increase the level of awareness regarding the protection of their profile in order to protect the privacy regarding the protection of the personal data they share on their profile in order to prevent abuse of their privacy. Among other things, it can be stated that the built legal culture and attitude towards the data of each user of the network conditions and there is an opportunity to relatively improve the level of security of personal data. Keywords: Facebook, abuse, privacy, data, rights, low
3
« PV-087 - PERSONALITY DISORDER AND MODAFINIL DEPENDENCE – A CASE REPORT ». Dans 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.pv087.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Introduction: Comorbidity of personality and substance use disorders, including prescription drug abuse, is common in clinical practice. We present a case report of a patient with a diagnosis of a personality disorder and symptoms of modafinil dependence. Case report: 33-year-old male, single, unemployed for over 3 years. He started psychological treatment at the age of 17 due to anxiety symptoms. Since the age of 21 he had irregular consultations with several psychiatrists in private practice. He received several diagnoses, including anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder and personality disorder. In one of the consultations, modafinil 100mg was prescribed twice daily to alleviate depressive symptoms. The patient gradually increased the dose to up to 1000mg a day. He presented for a consultation in our psychiatric hospital claiming he had been trying to reduce the dose of the drug. He had a fast speech and showed aggressive behavior, reported intrusive suicidal and homicidal thoughts, and had recent episodes of aggressive behavior requiring police intervention. Hospitalization was proposed for discontinuation of the psychostimulant medication. Discussion and conclusions: Modafinil is a central nervous system stimulant, pharmacologically different from other stimulants. It is approved in Portugal for the treatment of excessive somnolence associated with narcolepsy. However, it is often used off label in several countries as an adjunctive treatment for symptoms of depression or fatigue associated with cancer or neurologic diseases. Although modafinil is typically associated with low abuse potential, case reports have been presented in the literature describing patterns of abuse and dependence of this drug. It is important that clinicians prescribe it with caution, bearing in mind patients' past consumption patterns and traits and that may increase the risk of abuse, such as high novelty seeking and reward sensitivity and low agreeableness and conscientiousness.
4
Kelly, Lourah, Nicholas Livingston, Tess Drazdowski et Kristyn Zajac. « Gender and Age Differences in Comorbid Cannabis Use Disorders and Suicidality in a National Sample ». Dans 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.28.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Approximately 40 million adults use marijuana annually, making marijuana one of the most commonly used substances in the United States (SAMHSA, 2019). Men and emerging adults (ages 18-25) report higher prevalence of cannabis use disorders (CUDs) relative to women and older adults (CBHSQ, 2015; Khan et al., 2013). More frequent marijuana use is associated with greater likelihood of suicidal ideation (Ilgen et al., 2009), and past year use in emerging adults is associated with future suicide attempts (Pedersen, 2008). Similar to correlates of marijuana use, emerging adults and men have higher rates of suicidality (SAMHSA, 2019; Krug et al., 2002). Limited research has tested gender and age differences in comorbid CUDs and suicidality. The current study evaluated gender and age differences in CUDs only, suicidality only, or comorbid CUDs and suicidality in a national sample of adults. We hypothesized that men and emerging adults would be over-represented in comorbid CUDs and suicidality and CUDs only groups. Data were from four consecutive years (2015-2018) of the National Survey of Drug Use and Heath. Multinomial logistic regressions tested gender and age differences in adults with DSM-IV cannabis abuse or dependence (CUDs) only, suicidality only, and comorbid CUDs and suicidality, all compared to adults with neither CUDs or suicidality. Four separate regressions were conducted for passive suicidal ideation, active suicidal ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempts. Gender was coded as male or female. Age groups were 18–25, 26–34, 35–49, and 50 years or older. Analyses controlled for survey year, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, education, household income, past year major depressive episode, past year DSM-IV alcohol abuse or dependence, and past year illicit drug abuse or dependence other than CUDs. Men disproportionately reported CUDs only (ORs=1.73-2.19, p<.001) and comorbid CUDs and passive suicidal ideation, active suicidal ideation, and suicide planning (ORs=1.72-2.12, p<.01), but not attempts (OR=1.16, p=.45) relative to women. Men reported 22% higher odds of active suicidal ideation than women. Women reported 15% higher odds of suicide attempts than men. Gender differences in passive suicidal ideation and planning were not statistically significant. Compared to older age groups, emerging adults were significantly more likely to report CUDs only (ORs=1.74-10.49, p’s<.01) and showed 2.36 to 14.24 times greater odds of comorbid CUDs and all four forms of suicidality (p<.001). Emerging adults were at 18% to 66% higher odds of either passive or active suicidal ideation alone compared to all older age groups (p’s<.001). This study investigated the relations between CUDs, suicidality, gender, and age in a nationally representative sample of adults. Results indicated that men and emerging adults consistently reported the highest likelihood of negative outcomes. Next steps include determining the direction of the relationship between CUDs and increasing severity of suicidality. Further, development and investment in programs for emerging adults with CUDs and suicidality are vitally important given the striking risk profile compared to other age groups. Future research should include program development and evaluation as well as gathering more information on risk and protective factors for these populations.
5
« PV-004 - THE COMPLEXITY OF DUAL PATHOLOGY : REGARDING A CASE REPORT OF SEIZURES ». Dans 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.pv004.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objectives: Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a potentially reversible neuropsychiatric emergency caused by thiamine deficiency, whose classical triad consists of confusion, ataxia, and oculomotor dysfunction. The diagnosis is missed in 75-80% of cases and approximately 80% of untreated patients develop Korsakoff Syndrome, whereby recognition of nutritional deficiency or any portion of the triad should prompt treatment. We present a case of a 44-year-old Ukrainian man with suspected background of chronic alcohol abuse and psychiatric history of schizoaffective disorder, who presented with acute onset of confusion, psychomotor agitation, gait ataxia and nystagmus. Anamnesis was hampered by the language barrier and absence of past medical history and patient's alcoholic habits remained unclear. After suspicion of WE it was introduced thiamine and diazepam, with significant improvement. After discontinuation of diazepam, the patient presented with several episodes of tonic-clonic seizures. Starting from this case report, we pretend to discuss the differential diagnosis of seizures in dual pathology. Materials and methods: Clinical records and Pubmed search using the keywords: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy, Seizures, Alcohol, Benzodiazepines. Results and conclusions: Seizures are a common presentation of various conditions associated with alcohol use, whose differential diagnosis is difficult, especially in patients with dubious alcohol consumption. Alcohol abuse is a major precipitant of status epilepticus as seizure threshold is raised by alcohol drinking. Seizures may also occur during alcohol withdrawal for which treatment with benzodiazepines is recommended, however carefully, since both abrupt cessation and high-dose use are critical for the appearance of seizures. Although very rare, WE may also present with seizures, whereby overdiagnosis and overtreatment are preferred to prevent persistent neurocognitive impairments. At discharge the diagnostic discussion prevailed and the patient was medicated for seizures with clinical stabilization. The complexity of psychiatric diagnoses in dual pathology requires a longitudinal assessment for a better understanding of clinical conditions as illustrated here.
6
McElligott, Adrian E. « A security pass for messages ». Dans the 8th Annual Collaboration, Electronic messaging, Anti-Abuse and Spam Conference. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2030376.2030398.
Texte intégral
7
Yaro, Loveline Yaro. « Resilience for Academic Excellence through Distance Education Life Learning Strategies in Victims of the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon ». Dans Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.2103.
Texte intégralRésumé :
During the past few years, there has been a noticeable and heightened concern on the plight of students living in the restive North-west and South-west regions of Cameroon that have been hit hard by the ongoing Anglophone crisis. The education crisis which was already a feature in many regions in the world has been exacerbated by Anglophone Crisis. The English-speaking Regions of Cameroon consisting of the Northwest and Southwest formal British Colonies have been restive since 2016. This is caused by a sociopolitical Crisis which has deteriorated overtime and led to violent clashes between armed forces and separate fighters, loss of life and property, internal displacements of inhabitants, human right abuse, climate of fear and uncertainty. Reports holds that, since the beginning of the crisis over 790, 000 people have been forcibly displaced and over 4,000 tortured and killed The crisis has specifically affected the Distance Education Program of the University of Buea whose student population consist of about ¾ of students living in these restive regions. These students have reported challenges in carrying out their academic work especially during periods of lockdown. Despite the complaints, the Program continues to run with classes going on and examination conducted even in the heart of the crisis. Notwithstanding the exposure to significant threats or severe adversity they face due to the socio-political crisis, the students remain resilient. Research has identified self-efficiency, work ethics, and internal locus of control as factors that can build resilience for academic excellence in at risk students facing such challenges. Using the convenient sampling procedure, the study adopted the survey questionnaire method aimed at highlighting supportive social actions that can contribute in building resilience for academic excellence in at-risk students studying in the Distance education program in the University of Buea. These activities will be geared towards using problem solving models of Social connections, Supportive relationships and Social agency to produce desired academic outcomes for at risk students from the restive anglophone regions enrolled in the Distance education program.
8
Goriachkina, Svetlana Yurievna, et Svetlana Aleksandrovna Palevskaya. « REVIEW OF COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR HEALTH RISK FACTOR MANAGEMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION USING THE PATENT SEARCH METHODS ». Dans Themed collection of papers from Foreign International Scientific Conference «Trends in the development of science and Global challenges» by HNRI «National development» in cooperation with AFP. January 2024. – Managua (Nicaragua). Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/240130.2024.33.10.011.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article presents the study results received by the independent patent search method (the search depth is 10 years: from 2013 to 2023) of computer programs in the Russian Federation, available on the website: http://www.fips.ru/ by the main risk factors (smoking, alcohol abuse, nutrition, physical activity) that make up a healthy lifestyle in order to arrange and analyze the data obtained. The study has included various solutions that had already been used, implemented through the computer programs to automate the health risk factor identification (constituting a healthy lifestyle); to ensure comprehensive handling of the identified risk factors, including any assessment, control, monitoring of health risks and efficiency of ongoing activities, automation of recommendations on the identified risk factors, decision support systems developed for both the specialists and the public. As a result of the study, various computer programs have been arranged according to the health risk factors, types of programs, program contents (any main task it completes), target group (main user), and who it is aimed at (subject of study). The prevalence of programs for the specialists (health professionals, doctors, statisticians, etc.) (91%) has been revealed, represented mainly by the programs for health risk degree assessment (61.6%). 93% of computer programs are field-specific and dedicated to a specific risk factor. The “combined” program (decision support system, or DSS) solving several problems at once has been considered in detail. The narrow focus of the program and its compatibility with any operating system have been found. It is revealed that the clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are aimed at specific medical conditions (for example, when determining the cardiovascular diseases). Moreover, there are the decision support modules aimed at the users. All analyzed data have a specific application to the target group (for example, women, children, etc. and/or specialists). No similar studies in relation to this subject in this field of healthcare have been found over the past 10 years.
9
CRISTESCU, Delia. « Teacher’s beliefs in cases about child abuse and neglect : a qualitative study conducted in Romania ». Dans Ştiință și educație : noi abordări și perspective. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/c.v1.24-25-03-2023.p256-262.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Child abuse and neglect is a major social problems witch requires considerable efforts on the part of school teachers. Some studies have estimated that 1 in 5 children in a classroom has been subjected to abuse and/ or neglect. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify teacher’s belieefs about about child abuse and neglect of children in middle school and high school cases of. The participants to this reasearch were 21 teachers, from urban and rural environments, with seniority in education ranging from 14 to 33 years. Teachers responded online to a semistructured interview reagarding their experience with cases of abuse and neglect. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed inductively through the thematic analysis proposed by Guest and colab. in 2012. The research resuslts were systematized in three major themes, related to the stages of case identification, reportinh and intervention. A series of personal beliefs influenced the decisions that teachers take in each stage. This research highlights important practical implications for supporting children with histories of abuse and neglect in school.
10
Karthikeyan, C., Sivakumar Venugopal et Vijaysankar Gopalan. « Importance of Metallurgical Properties to Prevent Shaft Failures in Off-road Vehicle Validation ». Dans International Conference on Automotive Materials and Manufacturing AMM 2023. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-28-1319.
Texte intégralRésumé :
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Globally, automotive sector is moving towards improving off-road performance, durability and safety. Need of off-road performance leads to unpredictable overload to powertrain system due to unpaved roads and abuse driving conditions. Generally, shafts and gears in the transmission system are designed to meet infinite life. But, under abuse condition, it undergo overloads in both torsional and bending modes and finally, weak part in the entire system tend to fail first. This paper represents the failure analysis of one such an incident happened in output shaft under abuse test condition. Failure mode was confirmed as torsional overload using Stereo microscope and SEM. Application stress and shear strength of the shaft was calculated and found overstressing was the cause of failure. To avoid recurrence of breakage, improvement options were identified and subjected to static torsional test to quantify the improvement level.</div></div>
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Past abuse"
1
Madu, Laura, Jacqueline Sharp et Bobby Bellflower. Efficacy of Integrating CBT for Mental Health Care into Substance Abuse Treatment in Patients with Comorbid Disorders of Substance Abuse and Mental Illness. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, avril 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0004.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract: Multiple studies have found that psychiatric disorders, like mood disorders and substance use disorders, are highly comorbid among adults with either disorder. Integrated treatment refers to the treatment of two or more conditions and the use of multiple therapies such as the combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Integrated therapy for comorbidity per numerous studies has consistently been superior to the treatment of individual disorders separately. The purpose of this QI project was to identify the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) instead of current treatment as usual for treating Substance Use Disorder (SUD) or mental health diagnosis independently. It is a retrospective chart review. The review examines CBT's efficacy for engaging individuals with co-occurring mood and substance u se disorders in treatment by enhancing adherence and preventing disengagement and relapse. Methods: Forty adults aged 26-55 with a DSM-IV diagnosis of a mood disorder of Major Depressive Disorder and/or anxiety and concurrent substance use disorder (at least weekly use in the past month). Participants received 12 sessions of individual integrated CBT treatment delivered with case management over a 12-week period. Results: The intervention was associated with significant improvements in mood disorder, substance use, and coping skills at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-treatment. Conclusions: These results provide some evidence for the effectiveness of the integrated CBT intervention in individuals with co-occurring disorders. Of note, all psychotherapies are efficacious; however, it would be more advantageous to develop a standardized CBT that identifies variables that facilitate treatment outcomes specifically to comorbid disorders of substance use and mood disorders. It is concluded that there is potentially more to be gained from further studies using randomized controlled designs to determine its efficacy.
2
Gilly, Zsófia Bernadett. Impeachment as a tool of lawfare in Latin America : Conceptual and historical overview (Part I). Magyar Külügyi Intézet, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2023.27.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The concept of impeachment has its origins in the history of political and legal thought as a constitutional mechanism to remove public officials for serious violations of the law or abuse of power. Originating from England, it has influenced the constitutions of the United States and the countries of Latin America. In addition to concrete grounds for impeachment, constitutions also allow for impeachment based on abstract grounds, designed for cases where no specific offence can be proven, but the abuse of power is so obvious that the people must be guaranteed the right to recall their elected leader. In Latin America, military coups have been replaced by so-called “soft coups”, which abuse various legal instruments. The abstract nature of the grounds for impeachment contributes to the potential misuse of this mechanism as a tool of lawfare, as many cases demonstrate. During the past decade, Peru has experienced a series of impeachments, with three presidents facing removal from office due to political conflicts between the legislative and executive branches. These cases highlight the use of impeachment as a tool of lawfare, undermining democratic stability and raising concerns about the transparency and impartiality of the process, as well as the erosion of democratic principles.
3
Gilly, Zsófia Bernadett. Impeachment as a tool of lawfare in Latin America : Conceptual and historical overview (Part II). Magyar Külügyi Intézet, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2023.28.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The concept of impeachment has its origins in the history of political and legal thought as a constitutional mechanism to remove public officials for serious violations of the law or abuse of power. Originating from England, it has influenced the constitutions of the United States and the countries of Latin America. In addition to concrete grounds for impeachment, constitutions also allow for impeachment based on abstract grounds, designed for cases where no specific offence can be proven, but the abuse of power is so obvious that the people must be guaranteed the right to recall their elected leader. In Latin America, military coups have been replaced by so-called “soft coups”, which abuse various legal instruments. The abstract nature of the grounds for impeachment contributes to the potential misuse of this mechanism as a tool of lawfare, as many cases demonstrate. During the past decade, Peru has experienced a series of impeachments, with three presidents facing removal from office due to political conflicts between the legislative and executive branches. These cases highlight the use of impeachment as a tool of lawfare, undermining democratic stability and raising concerns about the transparency and impartiality of the process, as well as the erosion of democratic principles.
4
Maupin, Genny M. Past Childhood Abuse and Present Alcohol Use as Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempt in United States Military Active Duty Personnel, 2008. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada564201.
Texte intégral
5
Haslam, Divna, Ben Mathews, Rosana Pacella, James Graham Scott, David Finkelhor, Daryl Higgins, Franziska Meinck et al. The prevalence and impact of child maltreatment in Australia : Findings from the Australian Child Maltreatment Study : Brief Report. Queensland University of Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.239397.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS) is a landmark study for our nation. The ACMS research team has generated the first nationally representative data on the prevalence of each of the five types of child maltreatment in Australia, and their associated health impacts through life. We also identified information about the context of maltreatment experiences, including how old children are when it occurs, and who inflicts it. This knowledge about which children are most at risk of which types of abuse and neglect, at which ages, and by whom, is needed to develop evidencebased population approaches required to reduce child maltreatment in Australia. The concerning prevalence of maltreatment and its devastating associated outcomes present an urgent imperative for nation-building reform to better protect Australian children and reduce associated costs to individuals, families, communities and broader society. The ACMS collected data from 8500 randomly selected Australians aged 16-65 years and older. We included an oversample of 3500 young people 16-24 years of aged to generate particularly strong data about child maltreatment in contemporary Australian society, to assess its associated impacts in adolescence and early adulthood, and to allow future prevalence studies to detect reductions in prevalence rates over time. Our participants aged 25 and over enabled us to understand prevalence trends at different times in Australian history, and to measure associated health outcomes through life. Participants provided information on childhood experiences of each of the five types of child abuse and neglect, and other childhood adversities, mental health disorders, health risk behaviours, health services utilisation, and more. Our findings provide the first nationally representative data on the prevalence of child maltreatment in Australia. Moreover, the ACMS is the first national study globally to examine maltreatment experiences and associated health and social outcomes of all five forms of child maltreatment. Taken together, our findings provide a deep understanding of the prevalence, context and impact of child abuse and neglect in Australia and make an important contribution to the international field. This brief report presents the main findings from the ACMS for a general public audience. These main findings are further detailed in seven peer-reviewed scholarly articles, published in a special edition of the Medical Journal of Australia, Australia’s leading medical journal. Forthcoming work will examine other important questions about the impacts of specific maltreatment experiences to generate additional evidence to inform governments and stakeholders about optimal prevention policy and practice. There is cause for hope. In recent years, there have been reductions in physical abuse, and in some types of sexual abuse. These reductions are extremely important. They mean that fewer children are suffering, and they indicate that change is possible. Policies and programs to reduce these types of maltreatment are having an effect. Yet, there are other concerning trends, with some types of maltreatment becoming even more common, including emotional abuse, some types of sexual abuse, and exposure to domestic violence. And new types of sexual victimisation are also emerging. As a society, we have much work to do. We know that child maltreatment can be reduced if we work together as governments, service sectors, and communities. We need to invest more, and invest better. It is a moral, social and economic imperative for Australian governments to develop a coordinated long-term plan for generational reform. We have found that: 1. Child maltreatment is widespread. 2. Girls experience particularly high rates of sexual abuse and emotional abuse. 3. Child maltreatment is a major problem affecting today’s Australian children and youth – it is not just something that happened in the past. 4. Child maltreatment is associated with severe mental health problems and behavioural harms, both in childhood and adulthood. 5. Child maltreatment is associated with severe health risk behaviours, both in childhood and adulthood. 6. Emotional abuse is particularly harmful, and is much more damaging than society has understood.
6
Fluzin, Cyprien. The Use of Administrative Measures Against an Evolving Terrorist Threat : Raising the Stakes for Human Rights, the Rule of Law, and Democracy. ICCT, mars 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2024.1412.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Terrorism in Western nations has changed significantly over the past years, putting security services to the test and prompting necessary adaptations in counter-terrorism strategies. In this context, states may be tempted to resort to more flexible and swiftly implemented tools such as administrative measures. However, this Policy Brief argues that the known risks associated with administrative measures may be magnified today by a combination of factors and pose new challenges. First, the broadening of the perceived terrorist threat, as it coincides with escalating social and political tensions in many democracies, contributes to obscuring the boundaries between activism, disorder, extremism (violent or not), and terrorism, increasing the risk of misuse as part of attempts to protect the public order. Second, the increasingly tense political climate displaying growing polarisation and escalating populist rhetoric raises additional risks of intentional abuse. Finally, it appears that the overreliance on administrative measures, even when prima facie compliant with the law, may also contribute to an erosion of some human rights and rule of law principles. In addition to causing harm to specific individuals or groups, the accumulation of these circumstances may also affect entire societies and undermine democracy altogether. This Policy Brief argues that the current backdrop calls for renewed caution in the use of administrative measures and a dramatic strengthening of existing safeguards and protections against arbitrary or unlawful uses.
7
Zerbib, Olivier, Yaniv Hadi, Daniel Kovarsky, Gal Sahaf Levin, Tamar Gottesman, Mor Darkhovsky et Shaul Lev. Multiple Recurrent Pneumothoraces and Thoracic Drain Insertion in a Mechanically Ventilated Patient Suffering from Methadone Induced Cardiomyopathy. Science Repository, janvier 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.jcmcr.2022.01.02.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objective: To describe the experience of a multimodal therapeutic approach in a patient with methadone-induced dilated cardiomyopathy who developed recurrent bilateral tension pneumothorax. Setting: Department of Intensive Care. Patient: A patient with methadone-induced cardiomyopathy and severe left ventricular dysfunction who after mechanical ventilation underwent bilateral tension pneumothorax and prolonged cardiovascular resuscitation (CPR). Interventions: Cardiac Angiography, Multiple counter–shock (defibrillator dose), Multiple Thoracic Drains. Case Report: A 56-year-old man with past IV drug abuse and severe left ventricular dysfunction was transferred from the intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU) to our intensive care unit (ICU) ward due to suspected aspiration pneumonia. Multiple attempts of weaning off mechanical ventilation were unsuccessful, followed by development of septic shock. Following cardiothoracic consultation, two thoracic drains were placed. Due to repeated events of bilateral tension pneumothorax and CPR attempts, a total of seven thoracic drains were placed, permitting rapid control and improvement in the patient status. The possibility of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) was not considered as supportive care due to methadone use and severe secondary cardiomyopathy. In the following days, control and stabilization of the patient status was obtained. Vasopressor treatment withdrawal, cessation of drainage and removal of five thoracic access points were successfully performed prior to percutaneous tracheostomy. The two remaining drains were removed later on during hospitalization. After 29 days in the ICU, the patient was discharged to a step down ward.
8
Hicks, Jacqueline. Global Evidence on the Prevalence and Impact of Online Gender-based Violence (OGBV). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), octobre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.140.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This rapid review updates a previous report (Fraser and Martineau-Searle, 2018) with evidence from 2018 onwards. It finds an evidence base on online gender-based violence (OGBV) covering a wider range of countries than the previous report. Some key findings on the nature and prevalence of OGBV include: The most recent surveys show a prevalence of OGBV ranging from 16% to 58%; Men and boys also experience online abuse in high numbers, but it is less likely to be gender-based; Several studies from different countries identify Facebook as the top location for incidents of OGBV; Higher levels of online harassment and abuse are faced by people with intersecting inequality factors; According to victim-survivors, perpetrators are more likely to be unknown and acting alone, but large numbers are known to the victims. Perpetrators themselves report divergent, multifaceted and often over-lapping motivations for their actions; Analysis of underlying drivers of OGBV highlights an overarching theme of power and control, and heteronormative expectations around gender roles and sexual practice. Many authors recommend that OGBV be understood as part of a continuum of abuse where normalised behaviours, such as sexual harassment in public spaces, shade into behaviours widely recognized as criminal, such as physical assault. The societal impact of OGBV includes: Media freedom is compromised; Democracy being undermined; Economic losses resulting from lost productivity; A ‘climate of unsafety’ prevails. Evidence base: The number of surveys about self-reported experiences with online harassment has increased rapidly. The majority of the research found during the course of this rapid review came from international and domestic non-governmental organisations and think-tanks. Academic research studies were also found, including several literature reviews.
9
Linge, Tone Therese, Olga Gjerald, Åse Helene Bakkevig Dagsland, Kai Victor Myrnes-Hansen, Huseyin Arasli et Trude Furunes. In Pursuit of Fair Work : Taking a closer look at the Norwegian hospitality industry. University in Stavanger, septembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.269.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This report highlights the findings and implications of research conducted in the Norwegian hospitality sector during the Covid-19 pandemic. The report focuses on workers’ experiences in the industry, using the Fair Work Principles: fair contracts, fair pay, fair conditions, fair management, and fair representation. Similar surveys have been conducted among hospitality workers in Ireland, Scotland, Greece, Australia, and New Zealand. The Norwegian survey was conducted between September 2021 – March 2022 and generated 853 responses of which 585 were complete from workers in the Norwegian hospitality sector. The respondents varied in gender, age, nationality, role within the sector, contract type and length of service. The results, based on the five key Fair Work Principles, show that the Norwegian hospitality sector still has some work to do to ensure that all workers in the industry experience fair work. Employees in the Norwegian worklife have a strong formal employment protection due to the Working Environment Act (Working Environment Act, 2005), in addition to other laws and regulations. Over 90 % of the participants reported that they were on permanent contracts, either full-time or part-time. However, although Norway has strong rules and regulations concerning employee rights, the survey reveals shortcomings concerning the greyer areas such as a lack of opportunities for pay rise or promotion, workplace training, not getting the rest breaks that workers are entitled to, and uncertainty whether the workers received the correct overtime pay. Some of the most concerning findings in the Norwegian hospitality sector were related to fair conditions, where an alarmingly high number participants reported that they had either experienced or witnessed harassment, abuse and bullying in their workplaces. Most of the abuse came from customers, but many of the respondents also mentioned colleagues and supervisors/ managers as perpetrators of abuse, harassment and bullying. Furthermore, over 40 percent of those who stated that they had experienced or witnessed abuse, harassment or bullying in the workplace declared that they did not report it further due to different reasons such as that they did not know where to report, did not think that anything would be done, or that they were afraid of losing their job. Concerning fair management, a third of the participants stated that they did not feel as though they were treated with dignity and respect, or that they received supportive feedback from their managers. Only half of the participants reported that they had received some kind of training in their job. The findings indicate that the types of training and development opportunities offered to employees were largely dependent on the specific workplace. Ultimately, the findings highlight the following key areas for improvement in the Norwegian hospitality industry: Opportunities for pay rise and promotion Opportunities for training Cultural change: Working to change the industry specific culture of tolerating abuse and harassment among employees in the hospitality industry Management of staff: Increased respect and perceptions of being listened to and making a difference
10
programme, CLARISSA. Mental Health and Wellbeing. Institute of Development Studies, juillet 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2024.029.
Texte intégralRésumé :
As part of CLARISSA’s qualitative, thematic research agenda, Geographic Information System (GIS) journey mapping and ethnographic observation was conducted to gain insights into the daily lives, experiences, journeys, and feelings of children involved in the Adult Entertainment Sector (AES). Twenty children documented their daily activities using a mobile app, with support and accompaniment from CLARISSA researchers. Subsequently, a collaborative analysis was conducted with participants and the CLARISSA research team, culminating in the formation of a number of GIS-based Action Research Groups (ARGs) to work on predominant issues or themes. The formation of Nepal ARG 5 was prompted by recurring issues around children’s mental health and overall wellbeing that emerged through the research. The children involved are exposed to various forms of exploitation, abuse, trauma, and violence, all of which have a profound and adverse impact on their mental health. As such, this group was formed to work on the theme/issue ‘mental health and wellbeing’.