Bibliographies thématiques / Passing (Gender)

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Passing (Gender) »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 25 juillet 2024
Mis à jour le 28 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Passing (Gender)"

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Ring, Laura, et Carol Brooks Gardner. « Passing By : Gender and Public Harassment. » Contemporary Sociology 25, no 4 (juillet 1996) : 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2077083.

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Williams, Mark. « Passing for History ». Feminist Media Histories 8, no 3 (2022) : 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2022.8.3.115.

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This essay will realize an intersectional historiographic approach to the career of Ina Ray Hutton, one of the most important band leaders during the rise and fall of the swing era. Hutton was known as the “blonde bombshell of rhythm,” an appellation that was critical not only to her popular notoriety but also to her success performing a sustained act of racial passing, the full public awareness of which has arrived in a belated and untimely fashion (absent from her obituaries). Although her passing was likely known within certain delimited communities, it was hidden from the larger dominant white culture of the day and from the popular memory of her trans-media audience. This study will focus on the contexts of her work at the beginning of her career, and end with her late career on local and network television as sites that provide new speculative interventions to recognize the significance of this singular performer.
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Davidson, Samuel M. « Mouths Wide Shut : Gender-Quiet Teenage Males on Gender-Bending, Gender-Passing and Masculinities ». International Review of Education 55, no 5-6 (25 septembre 2009) : 615–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11159-009-9139-y.

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Adkins, Lisa. « Passing on Feminism ». European Journal of Women's Studies 11, no 4 (novembre 2004) : 427–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506804046813.

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Chancer, Lynn S. « Passing By : Gender and Public Harassment.Carol Brooks Gardner ». American Journal of Sociology 102, no 4 (janvier 1997) : 1214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/231069.

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Walker, K. P. « SINEAD MOYNIHAN. Passing into the Present : Contemporary American Fiction of Racial and Gender Passing. » Review of English Studies 62, no 256 (22 août 2011) : 670–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgr070.

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Tyler, Carole-Anne. « Passing : Narcissism, Identity, and Difference ». differences 6, no 2-3 (1 juillet 1994) : 212–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10407391-6-2-3-212.

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Long, M. J. « Generative design defended Gender differences discussed ». Architectural Research Quarterly 7, no 1 (mars 2003) : 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135503261935.

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Lefkovitz, Lori Hope. « Passing as a Man : Narratives of Jewish Gender Performance ». Narrative 10, no 1 (2002) : 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nar.2002.0003.

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Johnson, Carol. « Heteronormative Citizenship and the Politics of Passing ». Sexualities 5, no 3 (août 2002) : 317–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460702005003004.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Passing (Gender)"

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Volk, Dana Christine. « Passing : Intersections of Race, Gender, Sexuality and Class ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78449.

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African American Literature in the 20th century engaged many social and racial issues that mainstream white America marginalized during the pre-civil rights era through the use of rhetoric, setting, plot, narrative, and characterization. The use of passing fostered an outlet for many light-skinned men and women for inclusion. This trope also allowed for a closer investigation of the racial division in the United States during the 20th century. These issues included questions of the color line, or more specifically, how light-skinned men and women passed as white to obtain elevated economic and social status. Secondary issues in these earlier passing novels included gender and sexuality, raising questions as to whether these too existed as fixed identities in society. As such, the phenomenon of passing illustrates not just issues associated with the color line, but also social, economic, and gender structure within society. Human beings exist in a matrix, and as such, passing is not plausible if viewed solely as a process occurring within only one of these social constructs, but, rather, insists upon a viewpoint of an intersectional construct of social fluidity itself. This paper will re-theorize passing from a description solely concerning racial movements into a theory that explores passing as an intersectional understanding of gender, sexuality, race, and class. This paper will focus on contemporary cultural products (e.g., novels) of passing that challenge the traditional notion of passing and focus on an intersectional linkage between race, gender, sexuality, and class.
Ph. D.
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Hurst, Ellen Burns. « Passing as Literate : Gender, Dyslexia, and the Shaping of Identities ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/71.

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The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate the ways in which currently diagnosed dyslexic females, who navigated adolescence and their concomitant schooling without a definitive diagnosis of dyslexia, negotiated their identities in the figured world of school. To explore this phenomenon, it was necessary to understand the complexity of dyslexia as well as the theoretical underpinnings of identity construction, adolescence, and ―passing as literate.‖ This case study is informed by poststructuralist thought; through this lens I examine how my subjects perceived their worlds and how they negotiated the challenges associated with undiagnosed dyslexia. As they describe their positions in their figured worlds, I search for issues of power, identity and agency around which their lives appear to be organized. The answers to the following research questions were sought: (1) How do adult women who were undiagnosed dyslexic girls reflect upon their negotiations of identity in the figured world of school (Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, & Cain (1998)? (2) Is there evidence that girls attempt to pass as literate? If so, what types of ―passing‖ attempts and techniques are used by dyslexic adolescent girls to appear more literate? Case study methodology offers the insight provided by detailed narratives of personal experiences. Data was collected by interviews, observations and researcher‘s field notes obtained through the stories of three adult dyslexic women. The data was analyzed for affirming or conflicting themes. The stories were retold in a chronological and thematic pattern describing the participants‘ experiences from different perspectives.
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Kade, Tristen V. « Passing With Care : When and How Transmen Disclose Their Gender Identity ». ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2165.

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This paper examines the conditions under which self-identified trans* men disclose of their transgender identity or past gender history. Drawing upon theories of identity formation, passing and disclosing of stigmatic identities is used to understand when and how disclosure processes happen for trans*men. Drawing on interviews I examine the circumstances surrounding when disclosure or pressure to disclose becomes salient for individuals. I also consider how individuals use and negotiate systems of gender, along other inequalities such as class, race, education, and health care access.
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Rutten, Theresa. « Breaking the binary : exploring gender self-presentation and passing on #TransIsBeautiful on Instagram ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-343458.

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The advent of social media enabled sexual minorities, as LGBTQ+ people, to find a community online. However, it can be difficult for transgender people to express their gender identity without risking a form of social injustice, as transgender people are not included in the prevailing gender binary. This thesis explores how transgender people present gender on the hashtag #TransIsBeautfiul on Instagram and to what extent to what extent can a form of ‘passing’ be seen in how transgender people adhere to expressing societal gender norms. Goffman’s (1979) theory on gender display is adapted as a main framework to analyse 346 posts with a qualitative content analysis. The theories of gender display (1979) and self-presentation (1956) by Goffman and the concept of passing by Serano (2007) are also employed for a deeper understanding of the social construction of gender. Findings show a great diversity of gender self-presentations. Transgender people tend to express their masculinity and femininity in an exaggerated way, by emphasizing certain masculine and feminine aspects according to societal gender norms and therefore ‘pass’ as a ‘natural’ member of the gender binary. In complete contrast, there are also transgender people who challenge the gender binary by expressing themselves as non-binary. They represent themselves within and outside the gender binary by mixing and minimizing feminine and masculine aspects. These results show that for transgender people there are two ways of coping with societal gender norms and put the gender binary model into question.
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Weiss, Hillary Weiss. « Beyond the Binaries : Passing as Cisgender in Middlesex, Trumpet, and Redefining Realness ». Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1463410881.

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Marais, Marcia Helena. « "Passing women" : gender and hybridity in the fiction of three female South African authors ». Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3696.

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A key aim of this study is to shed light on the representation of coloured women with reference to racial passing, using fictive characters depicted in Sarah Gertrude Millin’s (1924) God’s Stepchildren,Zoë Wicomb’s (2006) Playing in the Light, and Pat Stamatélos’s (2005) Kroes, as presented by these three racially distinct female South African authors.Since I propose that literature provides a link between a subjective history and the under-represented narratives from the margins, I use literature to reimagine these. I analyse the ways in which the authors present ‘hybrid’ identities within their characters in different ways, and provide an explanation and contextual basis for the exploration of the theme of ‘passing for and as white’ within South Africa’s complex history. I provide a sociological explanation of the act of racial passing in South Africa with reference to the United States by incorporating Nella Larsen’s (1929) Passing. Since the analyses will concentrate on coloured females within the texts, gendered identity and female sexuality and stereotypes will be the focus. I look at the act and agent of passing, the role of raced and gendered performance in giving meaning to social identities, and the way in which the female body is constructed in racial terms in order to confer identity. Tracing the historical origins of coloured identity and coloured female identity, I interrogate this colonial, post-colonial, apartheid and post-apartheid history by employing a feminist lens. A combination of postcolonial feminist discourse analysis, sociological inquiry and feminist narrative analysis are therefore the methods I use to achieve my research aims.
Magister Artium - MA
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Geimer, Alexander. « Doing Gender ». Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-219558.

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Das Konzept des Doing Gender geht auf Garfinkels ethnomethodologische Untersuchung der sozialen Konstruktion der Zwei-Geschlechtlichkeit zurück. Die unterschiedlichen Konzeptionen des Doing Gender variieren mit der Interpretation der Omnirelevanz-Annahme und des Garfinkelschen Accountability-Konzepts; ihnen gemein ist, Geschlecht nicht als natürliches oder erworbenes Personenmerkmal zu sehen, sondern als durch Zuschreibung oder mittels sozialer Interaktion hervorgebrachtes.
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Cardon, Kristen Nicole. « Shakespeare's Art and Artifice : Passing for Real in As You Like It ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5657.

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Gender performativity, detailed by Judith Butler and accepted by most contemporary queer theorists, rests on an agentive model of gender wherein “genders are appropriated, theatricalized, worn, and done” (“Imitation and Gender Insubordination” 716). This academic orthodoxy is challenged, however, by the increasing presence of transgender persons joining the theoretical discourse, many of whom experience an essential gender as a central facet of their identity. I respond to Katie R. Horowitz’s recent modification of Butler’s theories—a theory of omniperformance to dissolve the distinction between performance and performativity, and thereby between artifice and “real life.” I argue that gender-as-art, a schema that acknowledges both the intention and the intuition of gender, is a more fruitful foundation than omniperformance. I use, as my model, Elisabeth Bergner’s performance as Rosalind in Paul Czinner’s 1936 As You Like It and Bryce Dallas Howard’s 2007 Rosalind in Kenneth Branagh’s film adaptation of the same play. In Bergner and Howard’s androgynous gender performances, I argue, a body—a transgender body, an androgynous body, a genderqueer body, a cisgender body—represents an aesthetic ideal, the product of the human drive to create, to beget, to beautify.
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Geimer, Alexander. « Doing Gender ». Universität Leipzig, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15360.

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Das Konzept des Doing Gender geht auf Garfinkels ethnomethodologische Untersuchung der sozialen Konstruktion der Zwei-Geschlechtlichkeit zurück. Die unterschiedlichen Konzeptionen des Doing Gender variieren mit der Interpretation der Omnirelevanz-Annahme und des Garfinkelschen Accountability-Konzepts; ihnen gemein ist, Geschlecht nicht als natürliches oder erworbenes Personenmerkmal zu sehen, sondern als durch Zuschreibung oder mittels sozialer Interaktion hervorgebrachtes.
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Hardy-Butler, Kayla A. « Gendered Expressions of the “Passing” Narrative : An Intersectional African-American and Post-Colonial Study ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron149157744821062.

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Livres sur le sujet "Passing (Gender)"

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Gardner, Carol Brooks. Passing by : Gender and public harassment. Berkeley : University of California Press, 1995.

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Bernstein, Sycamore Matt, dir. Nobody passes : Rejecting the rules of gender and conformity. Emeryville, CA : Seal Press, 2006.

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Massachusetts. Dept. of Education. Qualifying score alternatives and examinee passing rates : For all examinees and by gender and ethnicity. [Malden, Mass.] : Massachusetts Dept. of Education, 1998.

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Roberts, JoAnn. Art and Illusion : Fashion and Style. 3e éd. King of Prussia, PA, USA : Creative Design Services, 2000.

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Roberts, JoAnn. Art and Illusion : A Guide to Crossdressing. King of Prussia, PA, USA : Creative Design Services, 1986.

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Horsley, Kate. The changeling of Finnistuath : A novel. Boston : Shambhala, 2003.

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Sullivan, Louis. Information for the female to male cross dresser and transsexual. 3e éd. Seattle, Wash : Ingersoll Gender Center, 1990.

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Thomas, Audrey Callahan. Isobel Gunn : A novel. Toronto : Viking, 1999.

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Thomas, Audrey Callahan. Isobel Gunn : A novel. Toronto : Penguin, 2000.

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Feinberg, Leslie. Transgender Liberation : A Movement Whose Time Has Come. New York, NY, USA : World View Forum, 1992.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Passing (Gender)"

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Holman Jones, Stacy. « Writing a Hard and Passing Rain ». Dans Gender Futurity, Intersectional Autoethnography, 239–55. New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series : Writing lives : Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003043683-29.

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Speer, Susan A. « Passing as a Transsexual Woman in the Gender Identity Clinic ». Dans Theorizing Identities and Social Action, 116–38. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230246942_7.

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Barras, Abby. « The Politics of Passing for Trans and Non-Binary People in Physical Activity in the UK ». Dans The Routledge Handbook of Gender Politics in Sport and Physical Activity, 234–46. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003093862-25.

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Lyons, Antonia C., Carol Emslie et Kate Hunt. « Staying ‘in the Zone’ but Not Passing the ‘Point of No Return’ : Embodiment, Gender and Drinking in Mid-Life ». Dans From Health Behaviours to Health Practices, 106–19. Oxford, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118898345.ch10.

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Moreno, Micah. « Survival by Any Means : Race and Gender, Passing and Performance in Octavia Butler’s Parable of the Sower and Parable of the Talents ». Dans Human Contradictions in Octavia E. Butler's Work, 195–212. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46625-1_11.

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Hutter, Verena. « Fire, Savannah, and Passion ». Dans Gender and German Colonialism, 187–204. New York : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003378990-12.

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Buntz, Lois A. « Alignment : Helping Donors Find Their Passion ». Dans Generosity and Gender, 89–101. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90380-0_7.

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Clark, Gillian. « Animal Passions 1 ». Dans Body and Gender, Soul and Reason in Late Antiquity, IV 88—IV 93. London : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003420798-4.

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Fullwood, Natalie. « Driving Passions : Cars in Comedy, Italian Style ». Dans Cinema, Gender, and Everyday Space, 129–62. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137403575_6.

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Segler-Meßner, Silke. « Caritas, amour passion und weibliche Selbstbestimmung in den Romanen Madame de Lafayettes ». Dans Gender interkonfessionell gedacht, 123–42. Göttingen : V&R unipress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737011785.123.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Passing (Gender)"

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Anderson, Jamie. « The Life and Politics of Passing : Gender, Professionalism, and the Queer Teacher ». Dans 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC : AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1583963.

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Chong, Toby, Nolwenn Maudet, Katsuki Harima et Takeo Igarashi. « Exploring a Makeup Support System for Transgender Passing based on Automatic Gender Recognition ». Dans CHI '21 : CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445364.

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Doukhan, David, Simon Devauchelle, Lucile Girard-Monneron, Mía Chávez Ruz, V. Chaddouk, Isabelle Wagner et Albert Rilliard. « Voice Passing : a Non-Binary Voice Gender Prediction System for evaluating Transgender voice transition ». Dans INTERSPEECH 2023. ISCA : ISCA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2023-1835.

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Rahardjo, Wahyu, et Mardianti Mardianti. « College Students’ Online Self-Disclosure during COVID-19 Pandemic : The Role of Need for Relatedness, Passing Time, and Gender ». Dans 3rd Tarumanagara International Conference on the Applications of Social Sciences and Humanities (TICASH 2021). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220404.259.

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Nawel, Researcher BRAHIMI, et Dr MOUATS Nadia. « THE BODY AND THE TENSIONS OF SOCIAL IDENTITY IN THE CONTEMPORARY ALGERIAN NOVEL : A GENDER READING IN THE NOVEL “THE PASSION OF AN EASTERN FEMININE” BY FATIMA ZAHRAA BATTOUSH ». Dans I. International Century Congress for Social Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/soci.con1-17.

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The body then establishes a social subject for human stations through its long journey, and for the life of the individual, an anthropology, as it - the body - is the most prominent factor in construction and social classification, as it shows the perception of the social structures of the behavior of the individual and the group, and the various classifications that individuals occupy within the categories of society, which help to Comparing gender, starting from the principle of similarity and difference, all the way to achieving specificity and establishing belonging, which confronts the categories of fragmentation that specifically affect the feminine element as opposed to masculine centrality. This study aims to know the foundations of gender classification between the two genders, and its social and cultural justifications at the level of gender duality (masculinity/femininity), under the umbrella of what is termed in modern social and cultural studies as (gender), and to know the effectiveness of the body after it as a distinguishing theme between the two genders in drawing The limits of this identity differentiation are at the social level for both parties
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« The Power and the Passion : Representation of Single Motherhood in Contemporary Australian Literature ». Dans 3rd International Conference on Gender Research. ACPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/igr.20.023.

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Hoffman, Danie, et Elzane Van Eck. « Millenials : Profiling the South African quantity surveyors of the future ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002668.

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The future growth and prosperity of an organisation or in this case of the professional discipline of quantity surveying in South Africa have strong links with effective succes-sion planning. The next generation will be measured on how well they will be able to build on the successes and stature of the preceding generations. The success and prosperi-ty that the South Africa quantity surveying profession will enjoy during the next decade or more rests on the shoulders of the current generation of new entrants and young profes-sionals recently established in the profession. This younger generation of professionals also belongs to the age group often referred to as millennials.Millennials are people born between 1980 – 2000 and who are therefore currently be-tween 21 to 41 years of age. In 2020, approximately 60% of all registered quantity sur-veyors in South Africa were millennials. This cohort will become the future leaders and visionaries to carry the profession of quantity surveying into the future.Contrasting to previous generations the millennials have grown up and were educated and trained in the electronic and digital age. Their differing roots may carry with it chal-lenges that may hamper effective communication with the current leadership of the pro-fession. The better the current leaders are able to know and understand the millennials in their fold, the more likely a successfull passing of the batten to the next generation will become. This study is based on a questionnaire from the Association of South African Quantity Surveyors, assisted by the University of Pretoria. The questionnaire was distributed on a national bases to all the South African quantity surveyors on the data base. The study will evaluate various aspects that describe the profile of South African mil-lennial quantity surveyors. The aspects that will be compared include the age, gender, race, and locational spread of the millenails who participated in the survey. Additional aspects such as their academic qualifications, nationality, registration status with the Council of South African Quantity Surveyors, and their length of term of current em-ployment will be used to provide a reasonably detailed description of the younger genera-tion of South African quantity surveyors.The above information will be of value to the Association of South African Quantity Surveyors, to the management of quantity surveying firms and also to institutions such as universities that offer accredited academic programmes for the training of quantity sur-veyors. The findings can also be shared with quantity surveying professions across inter-national borders to compare against the profiles of their millennial cohorts of quantity surveyors.
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Rao, Jiahua, Shuangjia Zheng, Sijie Mai et Yuedong Yang. « Communicative Subgraph Representation Learning for Multi-Relational Inductive Drug-Gene Interaction Prediction ». Dans Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/544.

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Illuminating the interconnections between drugs and genes is an important topic in drug development and precision medicine. Currently, computational predictions of drug-gene interactions mainly focus on the binding interactions without considering other relation types like agonist, antagonist, etc. In addition, existing methods either heavily rely on high-quality domain features or are intrinsically transductive, which limits the capacity of models to generalize to drugs/genes that lack external information or are unseen during the training process. To address these problems, we propose a novel Communicative Subgraph representation learning for Multi-relational Inductive drug-Gene interactions prediction (CoSMIG), where the predictions of drug-gene relations are made through subgraph patterns, and thus are naturally inductive for unseen drugs/genes without retraining or utilizing external domain features. Moreover, the model strengthened the relations on the drug-gene graph through a communicative message passing mechanism. To evaluate our method, we compiled two new benchmark datasets from DrugBank and DGIdb. The comprehensive experiments on the two datasets showed that our method outperformed state-of-the-art baselines in the transductive scenarios and achieved superior performance in the inductive ones. Further experimental analysis including LINCS experimental validation and literature verification also demonstrated the value of our model.
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Schlenter, Judith, Yulia Esaulova, Elyesa Seidel et Martina Penke. « Planning of active and passive voice in German ». Dans 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0043/000458.

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This eye-tracking experiment investigated how morphological case affects German speakers’ descriptions of transitive events, specifically whether explicit case marking modulates speakers’ structural choices. To increase the production of non-canonical structures (passive, patient-initial active), we primed patients in event scenes with a red dot. Subject and object case in German are unambiguously marked on masculine nouns but not on feminine nouns. If explicit case marking requires more structural planning, we should find an effect of gender. For feminine nouns, speakers may start with the cued patient and continue with a passive or a patient-initial active sentence. However, analyses of syntactic choice, speech onset times and eye gaze revealed that gender and thus case marking had no effect on sentence planning
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Zhang, Kexin, Feng Huang, Luotao Liu, Zhankun Xiong, Hongyu Zhang, Yuan Quan et Wen Zhang. « Heterogeneous Causal Metapath Graph Neural Network for Gene-Microbe-Disease Association Prediction ». Dans Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/681.

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The recent focus on microbes in human medicine highlights their potential role in the genetic framework of diseases. To decode the complex interactions among genes, microbes, and diseases, computational predictions of gene-microbe-disease (GMD) associations are crucial. Existing methods primarily address gene-disease and microbe-disease associations, but the more intricate triple-wise GMD associations remain less explored. In this paper, we propose a Heterogeneous Causal Metapath Graph Neural Network (HCMGNN) to predict GMD associations. HCMGNN constructs a heterogeneous graph linking genes, microbes, and diseases through their pairwise associations, and utilizes six predefined causal metapaths to extract directed causal subgraphs, which facilitate the multi-view analysis of causal relations among three entity types. Within each subgraph, we employ a causal semantic sharing message passing network for node representation learning, coupled with an attentive fusion method to integrate these representations for predicting GMD associations. Our extensive experiments show that HCMGNN effectively predicts GMD associations and addresses association sparsity issue by enhancing the graph's semantics and structure.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Passing (Gender)"

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Thailinger, Agustina, et Diether Beuermann. CIMA Brief #24 : Are Gender Gaps Increasing in the Caribbean ? Inter-American Development Bank, février 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005532.

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The Caribbean region has made considerable progress in educational outcomes, achieving a secondary enrollment above 80 percent. However, there are still significant challenges in learning results, as shown by the relatively low passing rates in the Caribbean Secondary Examination Certificate (CSEC). Moreover, the growing gender gaps in educational attainment and completion in favor or girls do not translate to the labor market, as outcomes for women are worse than those for men.
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Tao, Yang, Amos Mizrach, Victor Alchanatis, Nachshon Shamir et Tom Porter. Automated imaging broiler chicksexing for gender-specific and efficient production. United States Department of Agriculture, décembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594391.bard.

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Extending the previous two years of research results (Mizarch, et al, 2012, Tao, 2011, 2012), the third year’s efforts in both Maryland and Israel were directed towards the engineering of the system. The activities included the robust chick handling and its conveyor system development, optical system improvement, online dynamic motion imaging of chicks, multi-image sequence optimal feather extraction and detection, and pattern recognition. Mechanical System Engineering The third model of the mechanical chick handling system with high-speed imaging system was built as shown in Fig. 1. This system has the improved chick holding cups and motion mechanisms that enable chicks to open wings through the view section. The mechanical system has achieved the speed of 4 chicks per second which exceeds the design specs of 3 chicks per second. In the center of the conveyor, a high-speed camera with UV sensitive optical system, shown in Fig.2, was installed that captures chick images at multiple frames (45 images and system selectable) when the chick passing through the view area. Through intensive discussions and efforts, the PIs of Maryland and ARO have created the protocol of joint hardware and software that uses sequential images of chick in its fall motion to capture opening wings and extract the optimal opening positions. This approached enables the reliable feather feature extraction in dynamic motion and pattern recognition. Improving of Chick Wing Deployment The mechanical system for chick conveying and especially the section that cause chicks to deploy their wings wide open under the fast video camera and the UV light was investigated along the third study year. As a natural behavior, chicks tend to deploy their wings as a mean of balancing their body when a sudden change in the vertical movement was applied. In the latest two years, this was achieved by causing the chicks to move in a free fall, in the earth gravity (g) along short vertical distance. The chicks have always tended to deploy their wing but not always in wide horizontal open situation. Such position is requested in order to get successful image under the video camera. Besides, the cells with checks bumped suddenly at the end of the free falling path. That caused the chicks legs to collapse inside the cells and the image of wing become bluer. For improving the movement and preventing the chick legs from collapsing, a slowing down mechanism was design and tested. This was done by installing of plastic block, that was printed in a predesign variable slope (Fig. 3) at the end of the path of falling cells (Fig.4). The cells are moving down in variable velocity according the block slope and achieve zero velocity at the end of the path. The slop was design in a way that the deacceleration become 0.8g instead the free fall gravity (g) without presence of the block. The tests showed better deployment and wider chick's wing opening as well as better balance along the movement. Design of additional sizes of block slops is under investigation. Slops that create accelerations of 0.7g, 0.9g, and variable accelerations are designed for improving movement path and images.
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McGee, Steven, Ronald I. Greenberg, Lucia Dettori, Andrew M. Rasmussen, Randi Mcgee-Tekula, Jennifer Duck et Erica Wheeler. An Examination of Factors Correlating with Course Failure in a High School Computer Science Course. The Learning Partnership, août 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/report.2018.1.

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Across the United States, enrollment in high school computer science (CS) courses is increasing. These increases, however, are not spread evenly across race and gender. CS remains largely an elective class, and fewer than three-fourths of the states allow it to count towards graduation. The Chicago Public Schools has sought to ensure access for all students by recently enacting computer science as a high school graduation requirement. The primary class that fulfills the graduation requirement is Exploring Computer Science (ECS), a high school introductory course and professional development program designed to foster deep engagement through equitable inquiry around CS concepts. The number of students taking CS in the district increased significantly and these increases are distributed equitably across demographic characteristics. With ECS serving as a core class, it becomes critical to ensure success for all students independent of demographic characteristics, as success in the course directly affects a student’s ability to graduate from high school. In this paper, we examine the factors that correlate with student failure in the course. At the student level, attendance and prior general academic performance correlate with passing the class. After controlling for student characteristics, whether or not teachers participated in the professional development program associated with ECS correlates with student success in passing the course. These results provide evidence for the importance of engaging teachers in professional development, in conjunction with requiring a course specifically designed to provide an equitable computer science experience, in order to broaden participation in computing.
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Iwara, MaryAnne. Hybrid Peacebuilding Approaches in Africa : Harnessing Complementary Parallels. RESOLVE Network, juin 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2020.15.lpbi.

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Many of the most pressing conflicts across sub-Saharan Africa today—including violent extremism, sexual and gender-based violence, pastoralist/farmer conflicts, and criminal banditry—are shaped by local, community-level drivers. Despite these local drivers, however, international peacebuilding approaches often ignore or neglect bottom-up, grassroots strategies for addressing them. Often, international efforts to contribute to the prevention and management of local conflicts depend heavily on large-scale, expensive, and external interventions like peacekeepers, while under-investing in or by-passing traditional/customary mechanisms and resources that uphold locally defined values of peace, tolerance, solidarity, and respect. Recognizing that these traditional and customary practices themselves sometimes have their own legacies of violence and inequality, this policy note emphasizes the possibility of combining aspects of traditional peacebuilding mechanisms with international conflict management approaches to harness the benefits of both.
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Lebedenko, Nataliia. FUNCTIONS OF PAUSES IN A BROADCAST TEXT (CASE OF A RADIO ESSAY “FOR THOSE WHO ARE NOT SLEEPING”). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, mars 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12148.

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The article explores the importance of pauses in radio broadcasts, specifically in one of 25 radio essays titled “For Those Who Are Not Sleeping” by Yurii Andrukhovych, which opened the project called “Air passion. Radio essays voiced by modern actors” on Kultura radio. The peculiarities of the radio essay intonation have been chosen as the object of the research. The goal of the article is to identify the functions of pauses in the radio essay voiced by its author. To study pauses in the radio essay, the methods of observation (when listening to the radio essay), analysis (when analyzing the functions of pauses in the spoken text), and description (when outlining the role of pauses in the radio text) were used. The research reveals that pauses in spoken texts, particularly in radio essays, are an essential element that contributes to their structure, logic, and expressiveness. Sometimes, pauses also serve as a specific tool for the author. The study shows that pauses are not just a stop in the spoken flow, but an important element that informs the listener about the meaning of what is spoken. The research also highlights the national features of the Ukrainian language in the “For Those Who Are Not Sleeping” radio essay. The pauses in the essay perform several functions, such as making the text more structured by abstracts, sentences, and semantic centers, providing space for reproduction of internoises, identifying logical stresses and varying the speech rate, attracting listeners’ attention, and encouraging them to reflect and act. Future research should focus on studying pauses in journalistic texts of various genres. This will help expand available knowledge and assist future journalists in developing proper text intonation skills. Key words: pause, radio, radio essay, intonation.
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VanderGheynst, Jean, Michael Raviv, Jim Stapleton et Dror Minz. Effect of Combined Solarization and in Solum Compost Decomposition on Soil Health. United States Department of Agriculture, octobre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594388.bard.

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In soil solarization, moist soil is covered with a transparent plastic film, resulting in passive solar heating which inactivates soil-borne pathogen/weed propagules. Although solarization is an effective alternative to soil fumigation and chemical pesticide application, it is not widely used due to its long duration, which coincides with the growing season of some crops, thereby causing a loss of income. The basis of this project was that solarization of amended soil would be utilized more widely if growers could adopt the practice without losing production. In this research we examined three factors expected to contribute to greater utilization of solarization: 1) investigation of techniques that increase soil temperature, thereby reducing the time required for solarization; 2) development and validation of predictive soil heating models to enable informed decisions regarding soil and solarization management that accommodate the crop production cycle, and 3) elucidation of the contributions of microbial activity and microbial community structure to soil heating during solarization. Laboratory studies and a field trial were performed to determine heat generation in soil amended with compost during solarization. Respiration was measured in amended soil samples prior to and following solarization as a function of soil depth. Additionally, phytotoxicity was estimated through measurement of germination and early growth of lettuce seedlings in greenhouse assays, and samples were subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to characterize microbial communities. Amendment of soil with 10% (g/g) compost containing 16.9 mg CO2/g dry weight organic carbon resulted in soil temperatures that were 2oC to 4oC higher than soil alone. Approximately 85% of total organic carbon within the amended soil was exhausted during 22 days of solarization. There was no significant difference in residual respiration with soil depth down to 17.4 cm. Although freshly amended soil proved highly inhibitory to lettuce seed germination and seedling growth, phytotoxicity was not detected in solarized amended soil after 22 days of field solarization. The sequencing data obtained from field samples revealed similar microbial species richness and evenness in both solarized amended and non-amended soil. However, amendment led to enrichment of a community different from that of non-amended soil after solarization. Moreover, community structure varied by soil depth in solarized soil. Coupled with temperature data from soil during solarization, community data highlighted how thermal gradients in soil influence community structure and indicated microorganisms that may contribute to increased soil heating during solarization. Reliable predictive tools are necessary to characterize the solarization process and to minimize the opportunity cost incurred by farmers due to growing season abbreviation, however, current models do not accurately predict temperatures for soils with internal heat generation associated with the microbial breakdown of the soil amendment. To address the need for a more robust model, a first-order source term was developed to model the internal heat source during amended soil solarization. This source term was then incorporated into an existing “soil only” model and validated against data collected from amended soil field trials. The expanded model outperformed both the existing stable-soil model and a constant source term model, predicting daily peak temperatures to within 0.1°C during the critical first week of solarization. Overall the results suggest that amendment of soil with compost prior to solarization may be of value in agricultural soil disinfestations operations, however additional work is needed to determine the effects of soil type and organic matter source on efficacy. Furthermore, models can be developed to predict soil temperature during solarization, however, additional work is needed to couple heat transfer models with pathogen and weed inactivation models to better estimate solarization duration necessary for disinfestation.
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The space between : Analysis of gender and ethnicity pay gaps in UK-based organisations active in global health. Global Health 50/50, novembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56649/zhpp4836.

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Inequalities in opportunities, power and privilege are evident in our working lives. Historical structures shape opportunities in the career pipelines of different groups of people, including access to education, recruitment and promotion, occupational segregation and the so-called ‘motherhood penalty’. Often these dynamics result in certain groups, particularly men and traditionally privileged ethnic groups, occupying higher status and better paid positions, than other groups – resulting in what are called ‘pay gaps’. Increasing transparency on pay gaps helps to ensure that employers are being fair in providing equitable (fair) opportunities and reducing inequalities across the workforce it also holds them accountable for closing the gap. In the UK, reporting the gender pay gap has been mandatory since 2017 for organisations with more than 250 employees. The law has driven an unprecedented level of transparency on the gender pay gap in the UK and provided valuable information to employers and employees on inequality inside their organisations. To date, however, reporting the ethnicity pay gap remains voluntary. Global Health 50/50 (GH5050) tracks and publicises the policies and practices of nearly 200 organisations active in global health for their commitments to gender equality. This Report takes a deep dive into the reporting of gender and ethnicity pay gap data of 43 organisations in the GH5050 sample which have a presence in the UK. This Report focuses specifically on UK-based organisations given the general lack of pay gap reporting worldwide. The Report finds that, between 2017 and 2022, some progress was made in closing the gap – from 12.7% to 10.9% for median pay gap, and from 14.3% to 10.8% for mean pay gap. A quarter of organisations, however, saw an increase in their gender pay gap by a median 3.6 percentage points. In the absence of mandatory reporting, we found that only 13 organisations voluntarily reported their ethnicity pay gaps in 2022, mostly reporting binary gaps between white and ethnic minority employees. While binary reporting in isolation is generally not recommended, it may be needed to protect salary information of ethnic minority employees when numbers of employees are small. Among this (limited) data, we found a median gap of 3.7% and a mean gap of 6.9% favouring white employees. This Report finds that there has been some positive change since mandatory gender pay gap reporting was introduced in 2017. Yet slow and uneven progress indicates a clear need for continued advocacy to ensure pay gap transparency and to close the gender pay gap. This advocacy should include the expansion of mandatory pay gap reporting to include ethnicity; and for very large organisations, an intersectional approach to the data (combining gender and ethnicity, for example) will provide even more nuance and understanding of where action is needed. Even in the absence of legislative requirements, employers in global health, which are often working to advance social justice and gender equality, should act as models for career equality including by publicly reporting pay gap data. This data can inform target-setting and the development of policies to reduce the gap, such as including multiple women in shortlists for recruitment and promotion, and transparency in pay negotiations. Closing the unjust space between women’s and men’s pay is an urgent priority and would ensure that women are equally and fairly paid for their contributions to organisations and to society. Increasing transparency of the pay gaps will rely on more countries passing legislation, as a critical component of comprehensive frameworks for diversity, inclusion and equality in the workplace.
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