Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Paper box factories »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Paper box factories"
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He, Shouhui, Yan Wang et Hongda Liu. « Image Information Recognition and Classification of Warehoused Goods in Intelligent Logistics Based on Machine Vision Technology ». Traitement du Signal 39, no 4 (31 août 2022) : 1275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ts.390420.
Texte intégralRésumé :
To sort out warehouse management problems in smart factories, smart warehousing and in-plant smart distribution systems are needed to achieve the goal of lean logistics and distribution in smart factories. There are still some pressing problems in the research on images of warehoused goods in intelligent logistics. For example, a solution hasn’t been found yet to recognise multiple types of warehoused goods in different shapes and colours; static vision image processing solutions have a poor performance in optimising recognition speed and classification accuracy. In response, this paper unveils a study on the image information recognition and classification of warehoused goods in intelligent logistics based on machine vision technology. It presents a process related to warehouse management in intelligent logistics and a corresponding system architecture. It also constructs a YOLOv3 model for the image information recognition and classification of warehoused goods in intelligent logistics. The paper elaborates on the prior box settings and loss function correction methods, and finishes optimising the YOLOv3 model. Experimental results verified the effectiveness of the constructed model.
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Gidney, Craig. « Inplace Access to the Surface Code Y Basis ». Quantum 8 (8 avril 2024) : 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-04-08-1310.
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In this paper, I cut the cost of Y basis measurement and initialization in the surface code by nearly an order of magnitude. Fusing twist defects diagonally across the surface code patch reaches the Y basis in ⌊d/2⌋+2 rounds, without leaving the bounding box of the patch and without reducing the code distance. I use Monte Carlo sampling to benchmark the performance of the construction under circuit noise, and to analyze the distribution of logical errors. Cheap inplace Y basis measurement reduces the cost of S gates and magic state factories, and unlocks Pauli measurement tomography of surface code qubits on space-limited hardware.
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Zhang, Ziyang, Lingye Tan et Tiong Lee Kong Robert. « An Improved Fire and Smoke Detection Method Based on YOLOv8n for Smart Factories ». Sensors 24, no 15 (24 juillet 2024) : 4786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24154786.
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Factories play a crucial role in economic and social development. However, fire disasters in factories greatly threaten both human lives and properties. Previous studies about fire detection using deep learning mostly focused on wildfire detection and ignored the fires that happened in factories. In addition, lots of studies focus on fire detection, while smoke, the important derivative of a fire disaster, is not detected by such algorithms. To better help smart factories monitor fire disasters, this paper proposes an improved fire and smoke detection method based on YOLOv8n. To ensure the quality of the algorithm and training process, a self-made dataset including more than 5000 images and their corresponding labels is created. Then, nine advanced algorithms are selected and tested on the dataset. YOLOv8n exhibits the best detection results in terms of accuracy and detection speed. ConNeXtV2 is then inserted into the backbone to enhance inter-channel feature competition. RepBlock and SimConv are selected to replace the original Conv and improve computational ability and memory bandwidth. For the loss function, CIoU is replaced by MPDIoU to ensure an efficient and accurate bounding box. Ablation tests show that our improved algorithm achieves better performance in all four metrics reflecting accuracy: precision, recall, F1, and mAP@50. Compared with the original model, whose four metrics are approximately 90%, the modified algorithm achieves above 95%. mAP@50 in particular reaches 95.6%, exhibiting an improvement of approximately 4.5%. Although complexity improves, the requirements of real-time fire and smoke monitoring are satisfied.
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Fan, Yi-Chih, et Jen-Yuan (James) Chang. « Embedded smart box for legacy machines to approach to I 4.0 in smart manufacturing ». MATEC Web of Conferences 185 (2018) : 00027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818500027.
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This paper introduces the design of a Linux-based embedded controller which includes machine state detection application for legacy machines and manufacturing line. For Industrie 4.0 (I4.0), it is important to acquire, manipulate, and transmit machine operating states or physical data to form useful information. However, many existing legacy machines lack of controller or sensor(s) to response to their operating status. Some machine controllers cannot be connected to provide internal parameter(s) by means of communication. Gathering machine operating state should be the first priority to approach to I4.0. This paper adopts widely used Raspberry PI as the core platform to build Embedded Smart Box (ESB). It uses external sensors to detect the machine operating status to compute the machine's availability (one of Overall Equipment Efficiency factors) and measures current to calculate the power consumption. In this research, the combination of embedded system and sensors can be a smart box for legacy machines. Such cost-effective design would help users to take the useful data from the machines and construct the base of I4.0 system even without the existence of the controller. This embedded-based design methodology has great potential implications that might fundamentally change the legacy factories into I4.0 smart one.
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Nguyen, Hoang Bao Hung, My Le Du et Trong Hieu Bui. « Design and Manufacture of Welding Fumes Electrostatic Precipitator and Parameter Study on Filtration Performance ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 907 (22 juin 2022) : 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-3302mx.
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Currently, the fumes and dust generated from metal cutting and welding are not often treated well in many factories. This paper presents the results of designing, manufacturing the welding fumes filter system by applying electrostatic precipitator methods as well as studying the factors affecting performance of filters. There are many factors that affect the efficiency of electrostatic precipitator filtration, in this study, the welding fumes filter was experimented with parameters of gas flow velocity, filter pipe diameter and power capacity to find out the appropriate parameters. The outlet air quality was measured with a dust concentration gauge and the Box-Behnken method was used to determine the relationship among experimental parameters. The filter parameters are optimized to achieve 99% of filtration efficiency. The research results will be applied in practice to ensure the health of users and improve the surrounding environment as well.
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Jin, Dabing, Shiqing Xu, Lianjie Tong, Linyu Wu et Shimin Liu. « End Image Defect Detection of Float Glass Based on Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network ». Traitement du Signal 37, no 5 (25 novembre 2020) : 807–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ts.370513.
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The float glass contains various defects for reasons of raw materials and production process. These defects can be observed on the end images of the glass. Since the defects are correlated with specific links of the production process, it is possible to discover the process problems by identifying the location and type of defects in end images. Based on faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster RCNN), this paper proposes a deep learning method that improves the feature extraction network, and adds a Laplacian convolutional layer to preprocess the end images. Considering the defect features in end images, the anchor box size was adjusted to speed up the training. Besides, the lack of generalizability induced by small dataset was solved through data enhancement. With improved VGG16 as the feature extraction layer, a glass defect detection model was established, whose generalizability was improved through transfer learning. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieved a mean detection accuracy of 94% on actual test set, meeting the requirements for actual use in factories.
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Piardi, Luis, Vivian Cremer Kalempa, Marcelo Limeira, André Schneider de Oliveira et Paulo Leitão. « ARENA—Augmented Reality to Enhanced Experimentation in Smart Warehouses ». Sensors 19, no 19 (4 octobre 2019) : 4308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194308.
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The current industrial scenario demands advances that depend on expensive and sophisticated solutions. Augmented Reality (AR) can complement, with virtual elements, the real world. Faced with this features, an AR experience can meet the demand for prototype testing and new solutions, predicting problems and failures that may only exist in real situations. This work presents an environment for experimentation of advanced behaviors in smart factories, allowing experimentation with multi-robot systems (MRS), interconnected, cooperative, and interacting with virtual elements. The concept of ARENA introduces a novel approach to realistic and immersive experimentation in industrial environments, aiming to evaluate new technologies aligned with the Industry 4.0. The proposed method consists of a small-scale warehouse, inspired in a real scenario characterized in this paper, managing by a group of autonomous forklifts, fully interconnected, which are embodied by a swarm of tiny robots developed and prepared to operate in the small scale scenario. The AR is employed to enhance the capabilities of swarm robots, allowing box handling and virtual forklifts. Virtual laser range finders (LRF) are specially designed as segmentation of a global RGB-D camera, to improve robot perception, allowing obstacle avoidance and environment mapping. This infrastructure enables the evaluation of new strategies to improve manufacturing productivity, without compromising the production by automation faults.
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Hung, Ming-Hung, Chao-Hsun Ku et Kai-Ying Chen. « Application of Task-Aligned Model Based on Defect Detection ». Automation 4, no 4 (27 octobre 2023) : 327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/automation4040019.
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In recent years, with the rise of the automation wave, reducing manual judgment, especially in defect detection in factories, has become crucial. The automation of image recognition has emerged as a significant challenge. However, the problem of how to effectively improve the classification of defect detection and the accuracy of the mean average precision (mAP) is a continuous process of improvement and has evolved from the original visual inspection of defects to the present deep learning detection system. This paper presents an application of deep learning, and the task-aligned approach is firstly used on metal defects, and the anchor and bounding box of objects and categories are continuously optimized by mutual correction. We used the task-aligned one-stage object detection (TOOD) model, then improved and optimized it, followed by deformable ConvNets v2 (DCNv2) to adjust the deformable convolution, and finally used soft efficient non-maximum suppression (Soft-NMS) to optimize intersection over union (IoU) and adjust the IoU threshold and many other experiments. In the Northeastern University surface defect detection dataset (NEU-DET) for surface defect detection, mAP increased from 75.4% to 77.9%, a 2.5% increase in mAP, and mAP was also improved compared to existing advanced models, which has potential for future use.
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Qi, Ruolong, Yuangui Tang et Ke Zhang. « On-line self-calibration method for unattended manipulators based on Gaussian motion model and visual system ». Industrial Robot : the international journal of robotics research and application 48, no 2 (6 janvier 2021) : 300–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-03-2020-0057.
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Purpose For some special manipulators such as the ones work at the space station, nuclear or some other unmanned environments, the overload, collision, vibration, temperature change or release of the internal stress would affect the structural parameters. And thus the operation precision might constantly decrease in long-term use. In these unmanned environments, the unattended manipulators should calibrate itself when they execute high precision operations or proceed self-maintenances. The purpose of this paper is to propose an automatic visual assistant on-line calibration (AVOC) method based on multi-markers. Design/methodology/approach A camera fixed on the end of the manipulator is used to measure one to three identification points, which forms an unstable multi-sensor eye-in-hand system. A Gaussian motion method which combines the linear quadratic regulator control and extended Kalman filter together is proposed to make the manipulator track the planned trajectories when its inaccurate structural parameters form uncertain motion errors. And a Monte-Carlo method is proposed to form a high precision and stable signal acquisition when the visual system has measurement errors and intermittent signal feedback. An automatic sampling process is adopted to select the optimal measurement points basing on their variances. Findings Data analysis and experiment results prove the efficiency and feasibility of the method proposed in this paper. With this method, the positioning accuracy is largely promoted from about 2 mm to 0.04–0.05 mm. Originality/value Experiments were carried out successfully on a manipulator in a life sciences glove box that will work at the Chinese space station. It is a low cost and efficient manipulator calibration method. The whole autonomic calibration process takes less than 10 min and requires no human intervention. In addition, this method not only can be used in the calibration of other unmanned articulated manipulator that works in deep ocean, nuclear industry or space but also be useful for the maintenance work in modern factories owing a lot of industrial robots.
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Miura-Ido, Mizuho, Yuzuri Iwamoto, Hiroi Kouya, Yoshihiko Takahashi, Amjad Hassan, Norikuni Ohtake, Hidetaka Hori et Takuji Ohyama. « Method for Rapid Labeling of Waste Sludge from a Food Factory with 15N-Glycine and Evaluation of N Use Using Komatsuna (Brassica rapa Var. perviridis) ». International Journal of Agronomy 2021 (6 juillet 2021) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8865228.
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The waste sludge from food factories has rich nutrients and useful material for fertilizer or animal feed, but quick treatments and recycling of the waste sludge are difficult due to its higher water content. We have developed a rapid composting system to make sludge fertilizer using mix of waste sludge and shredded newspaper (Sludge Fertilizer Made by Paper Mixing Method, SF-PMM). The mixture was incubated in a box reactor, continuously aerated with warm air around 35°C, and changed to mature SF-PMM, in only two weeks. To search movement of N from the SF-PMM to plants, we developed a new method to label small amounts of SF-PMM with 15N-glycine. 50 L of wastewater from a food factory was incubated with 1 L of active sludge and 3 g of 15N-glycine (98 atom% 15N), and 175 g of labeled sludge was obtained in a day. This sludge was mixed with 25 g of newspaper chips, packed between two steel meshes, and placed at 20 cm depth in the reactor composting 200 kg of unlabeled sludge-paper mixture. Composting was restarted, and after about 7 days of reaction, 15N-labeled SF-PMM 7.03 atom% 15N was obtained. The surrounding unlabeled compost contained 4.0, 4.0, and 0.8% of N, P2O5, and K2O, respectively. C/N and pH were 10 and 7.4, respectively. Komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis) was cultivated in a pot with 50 and 100 mg N of SF-PMM, and healthy plants were obtained as in the Control experiments containing 50 mg N ammonium sulfate. No growth inhibition was observed in these experiments. Even in 100 mg SF-PMM, excellent growth of the roots was observed. About 56% of the N in the plant was shown to come from 15N-SF-PMM, and about 6% of the total15N in the 15N-SF-PMM was also shown to be incorporated into the plant.
Thèses sur le sujet "Paper box factories"
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Black, Catherine Dianne. « Optimal inventory control in cardboard box producing factories : a case study ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16259.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (MScIngwet)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is a case study in optimal inventory control, applied to Clickabox factory, a South African cardboard box producer from whom cardboard boxes may be ordered at short notice via the internet. The problem of developing a decision–support system for optimal stockholding at the factory, in order to minimize cardboard off–cut wastage subject to required service levels, is addressed in this thesis. Previously a simple replenishment policy, based largely on experience, was implemented at the factory. The inventory model developed for and applied to Clickabox in this thesis takes account of a raw materials substitution cascade, as well as the stochasticity of demand, and other factors such as cost, service level and spatial requirements for the storage of stock. This combination of stochastic demand and product substitution has not, to the author’s knowledge, previously been dealt with in the literature. There are two primary deliverables of this study. The first is a suggestion as to the suitable stock composition (cardboard types from which boxes may be manufactured) to be kept in inventory at the factory. The second deliverable is a computerised decision–support system, based on the inventory model developed, to aid in future inventory replenishment decisions at Clickabox. Some of the results of this thesis have, at the time of writing, already been implemented with success at the factory. These include the suggestions given to the management of Clickabox as to the suitable stock types to be held in inventory, which have been implemented in stages since March 2003. The suggested stock composition has proven to be superior to the previous stock types held, in terms of a reduction in off–cut wastage and increased availability of suitable boards.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is ’n gevallestudie in optimale voorraadbeheer, toegepas op Clickabox fabriek, ’n Suid–Afrikaanse kartondoosprodusent by wie kartondose op kort kennisgewing via die internet bestel kan word. In hierdie tesis word ’n besluitnemingsteunstelsel ontwikkel vir optimale bestuur van voorraad by die fabriek, wat karton afknipselvermorsing onderhewig aan vereiste diensvlakke minimeer. Vantevore is ’n eenvoudige voorraad aanvullingstrategie, wat hoofsaaklik op ondervinding gebaseer was, by die fabriek toegepas. ’n Wetenskaplike gefundeerde voorraadmodel word vir Clickabox ontwikkel en toegepas, waarin ’n rou–voorraad kaskade– substitusie proses in aanmerking geneem word, asook die stogastiese vraag na kartondose en faktore soos prys, diensvlakke en benodigde stoorruimte. Hierdie kombinasie van stogastiese vraag en rou–voorraad kaskade–substitusie is, tot die skrywer se kennis, nog nie in die literatuur behandel nie. Die studie het twee hoof–uitkomste ten doel. Die eerste is ’n aanbeveling ten opsigte van ’n geskikte rou–voorraad samestelling (kartontipes waaruit kartondose geproduseer kan word) wat by die fabriek in voorraad gehou moet word. Die tweede is ’n rekenaarmatige besluitnemingsteunstelsel, wat op die ontwikkelde voorraadbeheermodel gegrond is, en wat vir toekomstige besluite in verband met voorraadaanvulling by Clickabox bedoel is. Van die resultate wat in hierdie tesis vervat is, is reeds ten tyde van die opskryf daarvan doeltreffend by die fabriek ge¨ımplementeer. Ondermeer is die aanbeveling in verband met die geskikte voorraadsamestelling, geleidelik vanaf Maart 2003 by die fabriek ingefaseer. Dit het duidelik geword dat hierdie samestelling beter as die vorige voorraadprofiel funksioneer, in terme van ’n verlaging in afknipselvermorsing en ’n verhoging in die beskikbaarheid van geskikte kartonne.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Paper box factories"
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Ng, Amos H. C., et Sunith Bandaru. « Virtual Factories with Knowledge-Driven Optimization as a New Research Profile ». Dans Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde200155.
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This paper conceptually introduces VF-KDO (Virtual Factories with Knowledge-Driven Optimization, a research profile of the University of Skövde, Sweden, which is underway from 2018-2026. The goal of this research profile is to deliver radical innovations in manufacturing research essential to the design and operation of next-generation manufacturing systems. A unique concept proposed in VF-KDO is: knowledge extracted for decision support is achieved through systematically exploring, e.g., using advanced, interactive data analytics techniques on optimal solutions generated via many-objective optimizations on virtual factory models. As the word “driven” means “motivated” or “manipulated”, so does KDO have some two-fold meanings: (1) optimizations that aim at generating knowledge, not only mathematically optimal solutions; (2) knowledge-controlled optimizations, instead of some blind/black-box processes. It is this concept of KDO, combining with modular, virtual factory models at different levels, which distinguishes VF-KDO from other related research efforts found internationally and in Sweden. The cutting-edge research topics involved in the research profile and their synergy with the digitalization efforts of the 7 partner companies, in form of the development of an intelligent decision support system, can be used to improve the competiveness of the Swedish manufacturing industry by supporting their holistic, optimal and sustainable decision making.
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Nguyen, Nam-Ky, Mai Phuong Vuong et Tung-Dinh Pham. « Response Surface Designs Robust against Nuisance Factors ». Dans Response Surface Methodology in Engineering Science. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97047.
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This paper discusses an algorithmic approach to constructing trend-free and orthogonally-blocked response surface designs. The constructed designs have the main effects, 2-factor interactions and second-order effects being orthogonal or near-orthogonal to the nuisance factors such as the time-trend or the blocking factors. The paper also provides a catalogue of (near-) trend-free Box–Behnkens designs and orthogonally blocked Box–Behnkens designs arranged in rows and columns.
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Tammemagi, Hans. « Waste ». Dans The Waste Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128987.003.0004.
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We are a wasteful lot on planet Earth. We do not mean to be, but this is an inherent and unavoidable feature of human society. The processes of living, eating, working, playing, and dying all utilize consumer products whose production and use generate wastes. Every candy bar has a wrapper; every apple has a core. It is almost impossible to think of a process that does not create some waste. There is sawdust from cutting lumber, metal shavings from drilling and soldering circuit boards, sludges from chemical processes, leftover food from restaurants, waste paper by the ton from environmental hearings and other legal proceedings, dirty diapers, and other household garbage. Societal wastes range from the refuse produced by every family to highly toxic industrial wastes from the production of specialized goods such as electronics, computers, cars, petrochemicals, and plastics. Virtually every aspect of our daily lives generates waste. Waste cannot be avoided. But what happens to all this waste? Some of it is recycled. During the past ten years there has been a growing realization that our globe is finite in its resources, and that the environment is under considerable stress and is being quietly but relentlessly despoiled. In response, streetside “blue box” and other recycling programs have sprouted. Approximately 20% of municipal waste in North America is currently being recycled: metal cans are going back to smelters, paper back to pulp mills, and glass and plastic to factories to be turned into new products. Recycling programs are still expanding, and it is anticipated that in the future as much as 50%, and perhaps even more, of all household and commercial waste will be recycled. Some of the waste is incinerated. When this is accompanied by generation of electricity or useful steam or heat, it can be viewed as a form of recycling—the conversion of waste to energy, a very useful product. It also helps preserve precious nonrenewable resources such as gas, oil, and coal. Many people, however, are concerned about the emissions that are released into the air and the ash that is produced. About 18% of municipal solid waste in the United States is currently being incinerated, with about 75% of the incinerators generating energy (EPA, 1994).
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Fairbairn, Brett. « Economic and social developments ». Dans Imperial Germany 1871–1918, 61–82. Oxford University PressOxford, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199204885.003.0004.
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Abstract The year was about 1900; the setting, a North German city, per- haps Hamburg. The life of a young German woman illustrated the daily ‘struggle for existence’ — the title of her anonymous autobiography. At first the 18-year-old worked in a factory folding letter paper, six o’clock in the morning to six o’clock in the evening less a one-hour lunch break, for 6 Marks a week. The low wages and a run-in with the foreman (he didn’t like her telling jokes to co-workers) led her to a cardboard box factory — 8 Marks a week— but she was too frail for the work and was sent away. She tried working as a governess, then in two suspenders factories, and found herself fired and unemployed because the factory owner overheard her sing a crude verse to her co-workers. ‘There began now a very tough period for me’, she recalled. ‘Everywhere I looked for work everything was always taken, so that I was really getting desperate.’ At last an acquaintance found her a job at a glassworks, 9 Marks a week, though it was brutal twelve-hour shift-work, alternating days and nights, working with red-hot bottles — work ‘of a kind that should have been done by men’. The workers slaked their thirst by paying some of their wives to bring buckets of beer from a brewery. She said the work was ‘rather in disrepute with the other factory girls. The work was very dirty too; and we looked like Negroes when we went home. ... We were very ashamed to walk down the street like this, but we couldn’t wash up at the factory.’ ‘Also,’ she added, ‘I felt like a convict because at the glassworks everyone had a control number at the entrance and exit.’
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Wu, Jianying, Zhen Wang et Xilin Yan. « Study on Type Selection of Relays in Outdoor Terminal Box of Converter Station ». Dans Proceedings of CECNet 2021. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia210405.
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The outdoor terminal box of converter station’s complex working characteristics and working environment easily leads to the failure of relays in it. The paper analyzes the key factors in relay selection from the perspectives of the characteristics of the operating environment. By comparing the characteristics of different component materials and structure designs, the paper proposes suggestions of type selection of relays in outdoor terminal boxes of converter stations.
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Pettit, L. I. « Bayes Factors and the Effect of Individual Observations on the Box-Cox Transformation ». Dans Bayesian Statistics 4, 731–40. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198522669.003.0050.
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Abstract In this paper we consider the influence of individual observations on inferences about the Box and Cox (1964) power transformation parameter λ. Firstly we look at the effect of omitting observations on the posterior distribution of. λusing the Kullback-Leibler divergence to measure the distance between the posterior conditional on all the data or on a reduced data set. Secondly we consider the effect of observations on the Bayes factors comparing particular choices of λ using the kd approach of Pettit and Young (1990). We illustrate the methods using both regression data and designed experiments. We show that problems of masking that affect some classical diagnostics are not so serious. Finally we consider the value of the constant in a Bayes factor to test for additivity.
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Halim, Hasliza Abdul, Noor Hazlina Ahmad, Haniruzila Hanifah et T. Ramayah. « The Impediments to Entrepreneurial Ventures among the Bottom of Pyramid Community in Northern Malaysia ». Dans Handbook of Research on Small and Medium Enterprises in Developing Countries, 67–81. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2165-5.ch004.
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There is a continuing debate among scholars concerning the existence of a fortune at the bottom of pyramid (BOP). While some scholars argue that there is a profitable market at the pyramid base, others argue that targeting poor people as customers could lead to unethical business practices. With the aid of preliminary study, this paper explains that there is a fortune to be made at the BOP if the community is treated as the entrepreneurs than as mere consumers. Nevertheless, for them to develop their own venture in order to reduce poverty is not an easy task due to various hindrances. Therefore, this paper provides insights into the under-researched area of comprehending the impediments that triggered the BOP community readiness to venture into business development. Converting the BOP into active entrepreneurs has become the agenda of the Malaysian government to eradicate the poverty by the year 2020 and thus this paper is expected to provide preliminary findings of the barriers that prohibit them to become entrepreneurs. A series of interview was conducted with a sample of ten BOP communities from Northern Region in Malaysia. In-depth, one-to-one interviews were conducted among them to probe into their outlook on this matter. The findings highlighted on the key factors that hamper the BOP community to create new ventures, new insights and experiences towards entrepreneurship. In sum, this study generates agenda for researchers to reach more conclusive evidence about the concept of entrepreneurship among the BOP community in Malaysia.
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Halim, Hasliza Abdul, Noor Hazlina Ahmad, Haniruzila Hanifah et T. Ramayah. « The Impediments to Entrepreneurial Ventures among the Bottom of Pyramid Community in Northern Malaysia ». Dans Wealth Creation and Poverty Reduction, 729–43. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1207-4.ch042.
Texte intégralRésumé :
There is a continuing debate among scholars concerning the existence of a fortune at the bottom of pyramid (BOP). While some scholars argue that there is a profitable market at the pyramid base, others argue that targeting poor people as customers could lead to unethical business practices. With the aid of preliminary study, this paper explains that there is a fortune to be made at the BOP if the community is treated as the entrepreneurs than as mere consumers. Nevertheless, for them to develop their own venture in order to reduce poverty is not an easy task due to various hindrances. Therefore, this paper provides insights into the under-researched area of comprehending the impediments that triggered the BOP community readiness to venture into business development. Converting the BOP into active entrepreneurs has become the agenda of the Malaysian government to eradicate the poverty by the year 2020 and thus this paper is expected to provide preliminary findings of the barriers that prohibit them to become entrepreneurs. A series of interview was conducted with a sample of ten BOP communities from Northern Region in Malaysia. In-depth, one-to-one interviews were conducted among them to probe into their outlook on this matter. The findings highlighted on the key factors that hamper the BOP community to create new ventures, new insights and experiences towards entrepreneurship. In sum, this study generates agenda for researchers to reach more conclusive evidence about the concept of entrepreneurship among the BOP community in Malaysia.
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Jiang, Boning. « Research and Prediction of Influential Factors of Film Box Office : Based on Machine Learning Algorithms Such as XGB, LGB and CAT ». Dans Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia231370.
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In response to the issue of film box office predictions, in this paper, we first built XGBoost, and used the training set to optimise the model by grid search and cross-validation for many times of tuning.Then we obtained the model prediction results. After that, we built the LightGBM model, tried to add text features, variable combinations, and interactions in turn, introduced the SHAP model to judge the specific impact of each important feature, and used the tuned model for training and comparison to evaluate its performance on the test set. In addition, we built the CatBoost model following the same method. According to the rmse comparison it was found that lightGBM had the best prediction. Finally, the models were fused by the Blending method, and the fused models were found to have better prediction results.
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Priyatma, Johanes Eka, et Zainal Abidin Mohamed. « Opening the Black Box of Leadership in the Successful Development of Local E-Government Initiative in a Developing Country ». Dans Social and Professional Applications of Actor-Network Theory for Technology Development, 173–92. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2166-4.ch014.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Leadership has been identified as one of the critical factors in the successful development of e-government projects especially so in developing countries. Unfortunately, empirical studies linking the outcome of e-government projects and the role of leadership are very limited. Moreover, these studies did not comprehensively discuss the role of leadership in implementing e-government projects involving social, political, and technological transformation. Using the four moments of Actor Network Theory (ANT) translation framework, this paper presents detailed actions taken by leaders in the development of a local e-government project. The paper argues that ANT translation provides an appropriate framework to trace and monitor how leadership has been practiced effectively in an e-government project in a developing country.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Paper box factories"
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Yi, Xiong, et Bing Xiao. « Emotional Design Study for Blind Box Toys ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001781.
Texte intégralRésumé :
With the rise of experience economy and constant pursuit of spiritual needs, blind box toys have explored a new path in the global toy market. The toys meet consumers’ needs as well as create emotional user experience for them. Blind box toys break down limitations of art and take advantage of emotional design to arouse the interaction between human and products. Taking blind box toys as main research object, combined with the theory of emotional design and emotional experience, this paper expounds the important direction of emotional design and summarizes the design experience of blind box toys. The attempt will guide and implement in the design of subsequent blind box toys.
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Gong, Yingli, Ao Jiang, Wei Wang, Yinhe Zhu, Gaoshan Zhang, Jinjin Zhu et Junyi Huang. « School teachers' and students' behaviors and attitudes toward recycling waste paper - a focus group experience ». Dans 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003178.
Texte intégralRésumé :
There are differences in the ways and attitudes of recycling waste paper between schools in urban and rural areas at different levels of development in China. The purpose of this study was to discover the role of interactive mechanisms of waste paper recycling on students' behaviors and attitudes toward waste paper in the campus recycling process. To complete this study, urban school classes and rural school classes in the same city, which have different waste management and recycling systems. Compare before and after recycling processing systems that incorporate interactive mechanisms. Data were obtained from interviews with students, questionnaires, and focus groups. Students in 10 urban schools and 10 rural schools in the same urban area of Guangdong Province, China, were surveyed online using Questionnaire Star, and the data were examined using SPSS statistical software. In the whole system, town schools are used as the main scenario, where teachers and students put waste paper into the converters and get the corresponding items. Due to the large amount of waste paper in town schools, there will be a surplus of items being converted out. Excess items will be transported to rural areas by transport vehicles from the recycling processing plant. The goods will be delivered to children in rural schools, reducing spending on educational items, while the transporters will take away and dispose of waste paper from rural areas. The focus groups discussed attitudes toward the improved waste paper management system, and most participants felt it was beneficial and significantly improved attitudes toward waste paper. After the improvement, the participants will intentionally collect the waste paper and put it into the replacement box. In addition, some participants also mentioned the sense of accomplishment that comes from turning the collected waste paper into usable items. Convenience and a sense of responsibility to protect the environment and the self-satisfaction of helping rural students are also motivations and potentials for improving waste paper management behavior. Participants were quite satisfied with the improved system of waste paper management. Not only is it sustainable, but it also takes into account the fact that it helps schools and school children in rural areas. Greater satisfaction can be obtained from it. This study provides a good starting point for future research on student attitudes toward recycling in both types of schools. A framework is provided for further research on factors influencing positive behaviors and attitudes based on this study.
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Wang, Chenguang, Laura Chiticariu et Yunyao Li. « Active Learning for Black-Box Semantic Role Labeling with Neural Factors ». Dans Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/405.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Active learning is a useful technique for tasks for which unlabeled data is abundant but manual labeling is expensive. One example of such a task is semantic role labeling (SRL), which relies heavily on labels from trained linguistic experts. One challenge in applying active learning algorithms for SRL is that the complete knowledge of the SRL model is often unavailable, against the common assumption that active learning methods are aware of the details of the underlying models. In this paper, we present an active learning framework for black-box SRL models (i.e., models whose details are unknown). In lieu of a query strategy based on model details, we propose a neural query strategy model that embeds both language and semantic information to automatically learn the query strategy from predictions of an SRL model alone. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of both this new active learning framework and the neural query strategy model.
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Cao, Moli, Jennifer Nelson, Hasan Charkas et Timothy Wiger. « Factors Affecting Steam Generator Tube Bow ». Dans ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-98160.
Texte intégralRésumé :
One of the challenges in straight shell-and-tube Steam Generator design is to avoid the tube to tube wear that can arise during operation due to higher than anticipated compressive tube loads and the resulting tube bow that can occur. Tube bow becomes significant when the compressive load in the tube exceeds its critical buckling capacity. This excessive load does not lead to unstable collapse of the tube as the axial load in the tube is displacement controlled. However, it does lead to significant lateral deformation for a very small increase in axial load/displacement. In this paper, several factors are investigated to determine their influence on the onset of tube bowing. Based on the studies performed in this paper there are factors that play a significant role in the behavior of steam generator tubes that have not typically been addressed in associated design analyses. Failure to address these factors can lead to unexpected behavior, premature degradation of steam generator performance, and possibly pressure boundary failure. A thorough understanding of these factors is necessary to ensure that a given design will perform as expected.
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Musharraf, Mashrura, et Cong Liu. « The human element in data driven decision making for winter navigation ». Dans 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005261.
Texte intégralRésumé :
With the availability of big maritime data and advancements of the computational techniques, such as machine learning and AI, automation of navigational decision-making in ships is on the rise. For low risk and more frequently observed cases, such as local vessels operating in calm sea, abundant data facilitates straightforward automation. The traditional data driven modeling (including black-box models) and associated validation techniques suffice the automation process of these cases as human intervention is rarely needed. However, for high-risk and infrequent scenarios, like winter navigation, data may be scarce, sparse, or imbalanced. Black-box data-driven models and associated validation techniques prove insufficient in these cases, as the expectation is for human to jump in and take control over when needed. This paper explores the role of the human element in various stages of data driven decision-making for winter navigation, encompassing the establishment of a multipurpose winter navigation database, model development, and validation. To illustrate, a case study on ice-breaker assistance operations will be presented.
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Nyrhinen, Jussi, Anu Sirola, Lauri Frank et Terhi-Anna Wilska. « An Ethical Perspective on Loot Box Purchasing - Examining Psychosocial Antecedents and the Association with Indebtedness ». Dans 36th Bled eConference – Digital Economy and Society : The Balancing Act for Digital Innovation in Times of Instability. University of Maribor Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.6.2023.19.
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Loot boxes are popular random reward mechanisms in digital games, attracting players to invest real money to enhance their gaming experiences. Loot boxes share striking similarities to gambling and might contribute to one’s economic strain, but more research is needed on the underlying vulnerabilities and motivational traits in loot box purchasing. This paper examines associations with self-reported increase in loot box purchasing and debt problems during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. International survey data were collected in 2021, consisting of Finnish, Swedish, and British respondents (N = 2,991) aged 18 to 75. Partial least squares modeling was used as an analytical technique. The findings bring valuable insight into the underlying psychosocial and motivational factors in loot box purchasing and its association with indebtedness.
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Anjum Sheikh, Javed, Asia Mumtaz et Saba Farzeen. « IoT-based Vertical Farming Systems ». Dans 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004708.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Vertical farming, a revolutionary approach to agricultural production, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to address various challenges facing traditional farming practices. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of IoT-based Vertical Farming systems, exploring their hardware design, implementation strategies, testing methodologies, and prospects.The hardware design of IoT-based Vertical Farming systems encompasses a range of components essential for creating optimal growing environments. Soil moisture sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, light-dependent resistors (LDRs), and ESP32 Wi-Fi modules are among the key elements utilized in these systems. Soil moisture sensors enable precise irrigation management by measuring water content in the soil, while temperature and humidity sensors provide insights into environmental conditions. LDRs detect light levels, facilitating optimal lighting control, and ESP32 Wi-Fi modules enable wireless communication for remote monitoring and control.Implementation strategies for IoT-based Vertical Farming systems involve hardware setup, software development, and integration with existing infrastructure. Sensor nodes distributed throughout the farming environment are connected to a central control unit via Wi-Fi or other communication protocols. Software interfaces and applications are developed to provide users with real-time monitoring and control capabilities, allowing them to adjust environmental parameters as needed.Effective testing methodologies are crucial for ensuring the reliability, functionality, and security of IoT-based Vertical Farming systems. Black box testing focuses on external functionality, such as user interface interactions and sensor responses, while white box testing examines internal system components and code logic. Grey box testing combines elements of both black and white box testing, with a focus on limited knowledge and system behavior.The future prospects of IoT-based Vertical Farming are promising, with opportunities for innovation and advancement. Research and development efforts are needed to enhance system scalability, energy efficiency, and data analytics capabilities. Integration with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms can enable predictive analytics and autonomous decision-making, optimizing crop production and resource utilization. Expanding the application of vertical farming to diverse environments, including urban areas and arid regions, can address global food security challenges and promote sustainable agriculture practices.In conclusion, IoT-based Vertical Farming represents a transformative approach to agriculture, offering scalable and sustainable solutions to meet the growing demand for food production. Continued research, development, and adoption of these systems have the potential to revolutionize the agricultural industry and contribute to a more food-secure and environmentally sustainable future.
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Tenma, Kentaro, Ryou Kurosawa et Toshiyuki Sawa. « FEM Stress Analysis and Evaluation of the Sealing Performance in Box-Shape Flange Gasketed Connections Subjected to Internal Pressure ». Dans ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25496.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bolted connections inserting gaskets such as box-shape flange connections have been widely used in mechanical structures, nuclear and chemical industry, and so on. They are usually used under internal pressure. In designing the box-shape flange connections with gaskets under internal pressure, it is important to clarify the gasket stress distribution for evaluating the sealing performance of these connections. However, no research in which the sealing performance of these connections is examined under internal pressure has been carried out. Thus, the design for box-shape connection such as thickness of flange cover, number of bolts, gasket width and so on is not clarified. In this paper, the contact gasket stresses of these connections under internal pressure are analyzed using the finite element method (FEM), taking into account a hysteresis in the stress-displacement curve of the gasket. And then, using the contact gasket stress distributions obtained from FE analysis and the relationship between gasket stress and leak rate obtained from a gasket sealing test (JIS B2490), method for estimating an amount of leakage is examined. The leakage tests were also conducted to measure an amount of gas leakage using an actual box-shape flange connection with a gasket. The estimated results are in a fairly good agreement with the experimental results. In addition, the effect of gasket width, flange cover thickness and flange cover material is examined on the sealing performances of box-shape flange connections under internal pressure. The effects of the above factors are discussed on the sealing performance in designing box-shape flange connections.
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Navarro, Ignacio, Alejandro Ramos, José Maria Lorenzo et Jose Luis Sanchez. « Sustainability as a key design factor from the structure conception stage ». Dans IABSE Symposium, Manchester 2024 : Construction’s Role for a World in Emergency. Zurich, Switzerland : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/manchester.2024.0855.
Texte intégralRésumé :
<p>Sustainability shall be integrated in the structural design from the early conception of the design, focusing on the impact on carbon footprint. A holistic approach to sustainability and its influence on structural evaluation is key to identify the main factors impacting on carbon footprint. Emphasizing the importance of considering sustainability early in the design process, it connects sustainability with the structure's conception. The case study of the HS2 project's Victoria Road Crossover Box is presented. Initially a standard rectangular box, the final structure evolved into a secant multi-shaft design with 5 bubbles, akin to a Caterpillar's shape. The shift challenged the traditional approach, enhancing efficiency, sustainability and structural behaviour.</p><p>The impact of the structural efficiency into the sustainability approach is discussed on this paper and relevant conclusion are stated on the key design factors governing the sustainability approach.</p>
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Dietsch, Sandra, et Anja Naumann. « Increasing the Vocational Action Competences of Rail Traffic Controllers by Creating a Virtual Learning Environment for Trainees ». Dans Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100732.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In Germany railway operations underlie a vast number of complex rules and regulations. Therefore rail traffic controllers, who are responsible for save and hitch-free railway operations, need a profound knowledge and action competencies to consider the regulations in everyday work. Before being able to work as rail traffic controllers, they have passed an apprenticeship of three years. In addition, because of local characteristics of tracks and infrastructure, a rail traffic controller needs an instruction phase for a couple of months, just to be able to work at one single signal box. To cope with the high demands of the job, a virtual learning environment for trainees was created to increase their vocational action competences, to enhance their knowledge and to ease the passage to job. A prototype of the software was created using a usability engineering approach. A strong collaboration with rail traffic controllers and potential users ensured the usability of the system. The final concept and prototype of the learning environment will be presented in this paper. It consists of three different learning sections and one test section, where trainees can check their knowledge.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Paper box factories"
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Mitchell, Livvy, Isabelle Sin, Maanaima Soa-Lafoai et Colleen Ward. Gendered parenting and the intergenerational transmission of gendered stereotypes : Evidence from the Growing Up in New Zealand survey. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29310/wp.2022.10.
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This paper investigates the intergenerational transmission of gender attitudes and inequality in Aotearoa New Zealand from parents to their young children. We use the Growing up in New Zealand (GUiNZ) survey to explore whether the parenting of boy and girl children differs in such a way that perpetuates traditional Western gender stereotypes and gendered expectations, and for which groups gendered parenting is most prevalent. We find there are many dimensions in which parents offer equal opportunities to their boy and girl children; however, there are also several aspects of parenting that show statistically significant differences between boy and girl children. Overall, the differences in parenting by the child’s birth sex are not large enough to explain the gender inequality between adults in Aotearoa New Zealand. We infer that external structural factors outside parents’ control likely play a primary role in perpetuating potentially harmful gender inequality. Parents alone cannot end the cycle of harmful gender inequalities, particularly since they are often pressured to parent within society’s gendered structural constrains.
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Mehmood, Hamid. Bibliometrics of Water Research : A Global Snapshot. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, mai 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/eybt8774.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This report examines the various dimensions of global water-related research over the 2012-2017 period, using extensive bibliographic data. The review covers trends in water-related publications and citations, the relative importance of water-related research in the overall body of scientific research, flows of water-related knowledge between countries and the dynamics of water research publishing opportunities. In summary, it shows that: less than 50% of all countries are publishing water-related research, that China and USA are the two top publishers, and that China’s publishing rate has been growing steadily over the study period. More than 70% of water related publications originating in USA are being cited globally, while China’s water research output appears to be primarily internally cited at present. Analysis of the global water knowledge flows suggests that research is hardly addressing a range of regional water challenges. Countries with protracted water problems – for example in infrastructure, environment, agriculture, energy solutions – do not seem to be at the forefront of water research production or knowledge transfer. Instead, global water research is reliant on Western, particularly US-produced, scientific outputs. A disconnect is also observed between the percentage increase in the publication and the number of citations, suggesting low quality or a narrow focus of many publications. Among other factors, this may reflect the pressure on researchers to contribute a certain number of publications per year, or of the progressively increasing role of grey literature in scientific discourse that ‘diverts’ some citation flow. Analysis of the number of research publications per million people suggests that water research does not necessarily emerge as a reaction to water scarcity in a specific country, but may be driven by the traditional economic value of water supply, geopolitical location, a focus on regional development - including cross-border water management - or development aid spending, or globally applicable research in water management. The proportion of water research in the overall research output of a country is small, including for some of the top-publishing countries. The number of water-related journals that create opportunities for publishing water research, has grown dramatically in absolute terms since 2000, and is now close 2100 journals. The metrics used in this report are based on readily available bibliographic data. They can be further focused to better understand a specific thematic domain, geographical region or country, or to analyze a different period. To help accelerate solutions to global and national water challenges that many of these research papers are highlighting, the water research community needs to look beyond the research ‘box’ and identify ways to measure development impact of water research programmes, rather ‘impact’ based solely on academic impact measured in citations. The research findings, learning and knowledge in these research publications needs to be conveyed in a practical way to the real users of this knowledge – stakeholders who are beyond research circles.
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A GENERALIZED METHOD FOR SHEAR CORRECTION FACTORS OF ARBITRARY THIN-WALLED SECTIONS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, septembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2023.19.3.4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Shear deformation may significantly affect the structural behaviours, especially for the structural members with small span-to-depth ratios. It is vital to consider the shear effects in the Direct Analysis Method (DAM) of thin-walled structures such that only the section capacity check is required in the evaluation of both member and system stability. However, there is lack of a general method to determine the shear correction factors of thin-walled cross-sections in various shapes and as a result DAM cannot be applied to the structures adopting these cross-sections. This paper proposes an innovative one-dimensional warping element model method to compute the shear correction factors of arbitrary thin-walled sections such as single open and closed sections, built-up sections, and large box sections with stiffeners. Also, the thin-walled cross-sections with non-uniform thickness can be considered by the proposed method. Several examples are investigated to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method against the analytical solution, conventional warping area element method and section analysis in ANSYS. Thus, this work provides a simple and practical method for direct analysis of thin-walled structures made of complex cross-sections with consideration of shear deformation.