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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Organizations of African Unity »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 21 décembre 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Organizations of African Unity"

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Nikez, Adu Yao, et George Avele Nwalie. « The Question of African Leadership : Nigeria in Focus ». Международные отношения, no 4 (avril 2022) : 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0641.2022.4.39110.

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This article is devoted to the study of the issue of leadership on the African continent, which is the object of the study, because, since 1963 Nigeria is a member of the Organization of African Unity (now the African Union), the Economic Community of West African States since 1975, and the United Nations since October 7, 1960. The subject of the study is Nigeria’s foreign policy on the African continent, as since independence Nigeria has pursued a number of foreign policy goals: the eradication of colonialism and other external forms of exploitation, The oppression and marginalization of Africans. The main conclusion of the study is that Nigeria’s role in the formation of AU and ECOWAS, was in conformity with its national interest and foreign policy pursuit, which was designed to promote regional integration and cooperation within West Africa and Africa in general. The role of Nigeria is fundamental for African organizations and their leadership prospects. Historically, Nigeria's Afrocentric foreign policy and its national interest have made it possible for Nigeria to pursue African oriented policy. The authors applied a number of methods to carry out this research: historical, legal and analytical. The historical method allows us to give the chronology of Nigeria’s leadership role in Africa from 1960 to 2020. The legal method permitted the analysis of the legal instruments, particularly from different constitutions, treaties since Nigeria’s independence till date. The analytical method consists of the analysis of the evolution of different transformations that occurred in the African continent from 1960 to 2020.
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Wapmuk, Sharkdam. « Pan-Africanism in the 21st century : African union and the challenges of cooperation and integration in Africa ». Brazilian Journal of International Relations 10, no 2 (30 novembre 2021) : 283–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2021.v10n2.p283-311.

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The paper examines the extent to which Pan-Africanism and Pan-African vision of promoting African unity, cooperation and integration has been achieved under the African Union (AU) in the 21st century. It also assesses the challenges of cooperation and integration under the AU. The paper adopted a qualitative approach, while data was gathered from secondary sources and analysed thematically. It notes that the quest for African cooperation and integration is not new, but dates back to philosophy and vision of Pan-Africanism and Pan-African movement from the 1950s and 1960s. This movement later took roots in the continent and championed the struggle of Africans and peoples of African descent for emancipation and the restoration of their dignity, against slavery, colonialism and all forms of racism and racial exploitation, and to overcome developmental challenges. After independence, the Pan-African movement found concrete expression in the establishment of the Organization of Africa Unity (OAU) in 1963, and later transformed to the African Union (AU) in 2002. These continental organisations have served at platforms for the pursuit of Africa cooperation and integration and addressing post-independence challenges with varying successes. The paper revealed that AU’s Pan-African agenda in the 21st century including the African Economic Community (AEC), AU Agenda 2063, and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), are not without challenges. Addressing these challenges holds the key to achieving the continental goal of unity and achieving the vision and goals pan-Africanism in the 21st century in Africa.
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Human Rights Law in Africa, Editors. « THE ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNITY ». Human Rights Law in Africa Online 4, no 1 (1999) : 34–297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221160699x00031.

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محمد عبد, جاسم, et باسم محمد زغیر هندی. « African Unity Organization : Rise and Development ». Al-Anbar University Journal For Humanities 2015, no 1 (1 mars 2015) : 183–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.37653/juah.2015.144719.

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Martin, Guy. « Dream of Unity : From the United States of Africa to the Federation of African States ». African and Asian Studies 12, no 3 (2013) : 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341261.

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Abstract The Pan-Africanists leaders’ dream of unity was deferred in favor of the gradualist/functionalist perspective embodied in a weak and loosely-structured Organization of African Unity (OAU) created on 25 May 1963 in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia). This article analyses the reasons for this failure, namely: the reluctance of newly-independent African leaders to abandon their newly-won sovereignty in favor of a broader political unity; suspicion on the part of many African leaders that Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana intended to become the super-president of a united Africa; and divide and rule strategies on the part of major Western powers (including the United States and France) meant to sabotage any attempt at African unity. The African Union which, on 26 May 2001, formally replaced the OAU, is also bound to fail because it is modeled on the European Union. The article then briefly surveys proposals for a re-configuration of the African states and a revision of the political map of Africa put forth by various authors, namely: Cheikh Anta Diop’s Federal African State; Marc-Louis Ropivia’s geopolitics of African regional integration; Makau wa Mutua’s and Arthur Gakwandi’s new political maps of Africa; Joseph Ki-Zerbo’s Federal African State; Daniel Osabu-Kle’s United States of Africa; Godfrey Mwakikagile’s African Federal Government; and Pelle Danabo’s pan-African Federal State. The article concludes with an overview of Mueni wa Muiu’s Fundi wa Afrika paradigm advocating the creation of a Federation of African States (FAS) based on five sub-regional states with a federal capital (Napata) and a rotating presidency, eventually leading to total political and economic integration.
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NWEKE, G. AFORKA. « The Organization of African Unity and Intra-African Functionalism ». ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 489, no 1 (janvier 1987) : 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716287489001011.

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Voievodin, I. « Organizational and legal framework for the protection of environmental human rights within the African Union ». Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series : Law 2, no 72 (27 novembre 2022) : 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.72.68.

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The article analyzes the activities of the African Union (1963-2002 - Organization of African Unity) in the field of protection of environmental human rights – an intergovernmental organization created in 2002 to promote the unity and solidarity among African states, stimulate economic development and promote international cooperation, protect human rights, in particular in the environmental sphere. In particular, the category of environmental human rights includes the right to a healthy, safe and adequate environment, the highest attainable level of physical and mental health, an adequate standard of living, nutrition, the right to clean and safe drinking water, the right to receive information about the state of the environment etc. It was determined that due to the specificity of the African region, the complexity of its socio-economic processes and the existence of humanitarian crises, the protection of environmental human rights is not given sufficient attention, as a result of which the existing organizational and legal mechanism for the protection of such rights is imperfect. A number of international legal acts adopted under the auspices of the Organization of African Unity and the African Union regarding the promotion, guaranteeing and protection of such rights were analyzed, in particular: the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights of 1981, the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child of 1990, the Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa and the Control of Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes within Africa of 1991, Constitutive Act of the African Union of 2000, Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol) of 2003, African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources of 2003, Agenda 2063: The Africa we want, etc. It was determined that the basis of the institutional system for the protection of environmental human rights is the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the Special Procedures established by the Commission, and the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights. The practice of protecting environmental human rights in the African region was characterized. In accordance with the stated problems, appropriate conclusions and recommendations were made.
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MLAMBO, Victor H., Xolani THUSI et Sbonelo GIFT NDLOVUAND. « THE AFRICAN UNION’S AGENDA 2063 FOR AFRICA’S DEVELOPMENT : POSSIBILITY OR RUSE ? » PRIZREN SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL 6, no 3 (31 décembre 2022) : 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32936/pssj.v6i3.358.

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When Africa emerged from the chains of colonialism, there was great hope for post-colonial African leaders to consolidate the spirit of Pan-Africanism and use Africa's vast resources to spur inclusive socioeconomic development. The Organization of African Unity also supported this vision, as did the Lagos Plan of Action and the New Partnership for Africa's Development. Great emphasis was placed on continental integration and African unity. However, post-colonialism, Africa has been engulfed by never conflict, fragmentation of governance, political instability, and unstable relations between African countries, thus defeating the need for unity and collective development. The African Union Agenda 2063 is Africa's blueprint for achieving inclusive and sustainable socioeconomic development. It seeks to ensure, amongst others, peace and economic and political stability. However, there have been questions about whether the AU can achieve this. This doubt has been driven by the plethora of socioeconomic and political problems currently consuming Africa. This paper reviews current literature to examine the practicality of AU agenda 2063. It seeks to understand whether this agenda can be a possibility or just another plan with little if no substance. The following question will guide this paper: to what extent can the AU's agenda 2063 become realizable, considering the current socioeconomic and political challenges engulfing Africa?
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Ismaila, Margaret, et Samuel Bewiadzi Akakpo. « Adding the Dots and crossing the Ts : A historiographical overview of African theatre history ». Research Journal in Advanced Humanities 1, no 3 (1 juillet 2020) : 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.58256/rjah.v1i3.208.

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The historiography of Africa has often needed an update or review because it is no news how African history was constructed; a product of colonial and anthropological records. Due to this, attention was not paid to occurrences, especially the arts which were of no interest to either the colonial administration or the Anthropology researcher. It took combined efforts of the then Organization of African Unity (O.A.U.) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to deconstruct the misconceptions created through an eight-volume of a General History of Africa between 1964 and 1999. These attempts by African historians to correct the damage exclusion and distortion of facts about Africa and Africans is laudable, however, a gap still remains. The historiography of African theatre which has its foundation in Africa’s oral traditions is minimal. A continent of such diverse artistic performances needs a huge representation of both indigenous and external theatrical traditions in Theatre History. Using the desk review approach, ideological criticism and content analysis, this paper argues that the lack of expertise in decoding indigenous language and expressions and fear of misrepresentation are the sources of the minimal presence of African Theatre Historiography.
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Hansen, Stig Jarle. « Unity Under Allah ? Cohesion Mechanisms in Jihadist Organizations in Africa ». Armed Forces & ; Society 44, no 4 (27 novembre 2017) : 587–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x17740086.

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This article explores mechanisms fostering cohesion in jihadist organizations in relation to territorial presence. This article takes four types of territorial presence as its point of departure: (1) a clandestine network-based presence; (2) an accepted presence where the organization is tolerated by a state; (3) a semiterritorial presence, where the organization is allowed some control between phases of enemy offensives and withdrawals; and (4) a relatively permanent territorial presence, where the organization fully controls the territory in which it has bases. The article argues that each of these types of territorial presence opens up for different ways for organizations to create cohesion. Cohesion mechanisms thus vary according to type of territorial presence.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Organizations of African Unity"

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Akwei, Adotei. « Colonialism and the Organization of African Unity : The Effect of the Colonial Experience on African Attempts to Unite ». W&M ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625402.

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Diouf, Babacar. « The future of conflict resolution in Africa and the role of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA350148.

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Thesis (M.A. in International Security and Civil-Military Relations and M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.
"June 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Latitia Lawson, Thomas Bruneau. Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-132). Also available online.
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Dlamini, Thandeka Lungile. « Searching for new relevance in the 1990s : the Organization of African Unity as an instrument of conflict resolution ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002980.

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The 1960's and the 1970's marked a great Pan-African movement in Africa, that saw the liberation of most African states. This Pan-African movement, was spearheaded by a quest to unite Africa, and to abate foreign occupation. Amidst the spirit of unity, lay a promise of an organization that would embody the hopes and aspirations of a continent undergoing a re-birth; a progression towards self-determination, economic development and integration, and the maintenance of peace. Therefore, the inception ofthe Organization of African Unity (OAD) was not only a symbol of a unifying force for Africans, but a diplomatic platform that would promote African needs on the international arena. In effect the OAU, at its inception, was for specific ideals that would guarantee liberation and unity of African states. The outcome of these ideals would be greater regional economic integration and the achievement of peace and stability. These ideals mirrored the structural definition of regional organization, with the inclusion of a Commission for Mediation Arbitration and Conciliation under the OAU Charter, to handle disputes among member states. However, the mere fact that this commission lacked the political wherewithal to resolve conflicts, by its sheer lack of a standing peacekeeping force, contributed to the inefficiency of the organization to play an effective role in conflict management. This study attempts to examine the role ofthe OAU in settling disputes. The study sought to accomplish this, in the following manner. Firstly, an investigation into the nature of conflict and why it persists in Africa was conducted. Further, an examination ofthe tools that practitioners utilize not only to study conflict, but to prevent, manage and resolve it, was done. During the investigation it was found that, although the OAU's greatest successes have come from preventive diplomacy, its structural foundations limit the capabilities of the organization to become more relevant. The Charter of the OAU alludes vaguely to the settlement of disputes, but without an executive political decision-making body able to deploy peacekeepers, its principles are largely meaningless. Amidst the growing concerns, the OAU as a matter of survival, developed initiatives it hopes will make it more effective and relevant. The focus ofthe study was the evolving role ofthe OAU, from its inception to its new role as an instrument of conflict resolution. Most of the scholarly work conducted on the OAU, is concerned with depicting a terminal organization, with little or no hope of surviving. Little emphasis is placed on prescribing remedies on how to improve and restructure the organization. The findings included, inter alia, that the organization is faced with enormous challenges, as the sources of conflict are varied and complex. Africa is now the landscape of collapsed states, economic stagnation, environmental degradation, disease and chronic conflicts. The OAU shoulders much ofthe responsibility for not sanctioning governments that contribute to the decay and suffering of the African peoples. Most ofthe criticism of the OAU, stem from the inability of the organization to play an effective role in resolving conflicts in Africa. Most of Africa's conflicts stem from a lack of political legitimacy, lack of democratic institutions, uneven distribution of resources, ethnic tensions and economic stagnation. Until such problems are addressed, Africa will continue to host the world's deadliest conflicts.
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Cardoso, Nilton César Fernandes. « Análise da arquitetura africana de paz e segurança : o papel da IGAD na estabilização do chifre da África ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/147466.

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A busca pela pacificação da África pode ser considerada como um dos principais desafios encontrados pelos países africanos no imediato pós-independência. Em certa medida, romper com guerras civis e garantir a estabilidade continental foram se tornando algumas das principais preocupações das lideranças africanas. Reflexo disso pode ser encontrado nas várias iniciativas propriamente africanas criadas no continente no período pós-colonial visando à estabilidade e à promoção do desenvolvimento econômico e social do continente. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho busca compreender a evolução da Arquitetura Africana de Paz e Segurança (AAPS) desde a criação da Organização da Unidade Africana (OUA), em 1963 – primeiro mecanismo africano de segurança –, até os dias atuais, com foco na Autoridade Intergovernamental para o Desenvolvimento (IGAD) na estabilização do Chifre da África.
The search for the pacification of Africa may be considered as one of the main challenges found by African countries in the post-independence immediate period. To some extent, to break off civil wars and guarantee continentall estability increasingly became a major concern of African leaderships. The impact of this can be found in several truly African initiatives created in the post-colonial period, aiming to ensure stabilty and promotion of economic and social development on the continent. In this sense, this work seeks to comprehend the evolution of the African Architecture of Peace and Security (AAPS) since the creation of the Organization of the African Unity in 1963 - first African security mechanism - up to this day, focusing in the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in the estabilisation of the Horn of Africa.
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Demsa, Paul Meslam 1949. « International Peacekeeping Operations : Sinai, Congo, Cyprus, Lebanon, and Chad Lessons for the UN and OAU ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330944/.

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Peacekeeping is a means by which international or regional organizations control conflict situations that are likely to endanger international peace and security. Most scholars have viewed the contributions of peacekeeping forces only in terms of failures, and they have not investigated fully the political-military circumstances" under which conflict control measures succeed. This dissertation is an attempt to bridge this gap and to show how the OAU compares with the UN in carrying out peacekeeping missions. The method of research was the case study method in which primary and secondary data was used to describe the situations in which six peacekeeping forces operated. The content of resolutions, official reports and secondary data were examined for non-trivial evidences of impediments to implementation of mandates. Findings from the research indicate that peacekeeping missions not properly backed by political efforts at settlement of disputes, cooperation of the superpowers, and financial and logistic support were ineffective and usually unsuccessful. Lack of consensus and pursuit of national interests have resulted in ambiguous or unrealistic mandates and have reduced the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations. Moreover, parties to a conflict were interested only in solutions that favored their interests and were often skeptical about the role and credibility of peacekeeping forces. But the continued violations of ceasefire agreements in defiance of the presence of peacekeeping forces were due partly to the force's inability to use force except in self-defense , Most of the forces operated under serious operational and logistical difficulties and they were inadequately funded. But none of the three factors has been responsible alone for the failure of peacekeeping missions. The coordination of UN operations has been better than that of the OAU. In civil war situations, national governments have requested peacekeeping forces because they could not, unaided, put down their opponents. The UN has deployed its forces only as a means of relaxing tensions while member-states have pursued other interests.
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Ukoh, Aniekut B. Jr. « An analysis of the role of the organization of African Unity in settlement of Intra-Regional Conflict : the case of Republic of Chad ». DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1985. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2430.

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The purpose of this study is to critically analyze the role of the Organization of African Unity in finding a peaceful settlement for intra-regional conflict using the Republic of Chad as a case study. It is a truism that since the Republic of Chad gained independence from France in 1960, the Chadians have not witnessed any political stability. This study is premised on the assumption that the root cause of the conflict in Chad is due to French colonialism and neo-colonialism that have continued to impinge upon the Chadians even after political independence had been achieved; that the inability of the OAU to find a solution to the conflict is due to foreign intervention. Moreover, different political ideologies that have divided the Organization of African Unity into three groups, namely, the Monrovia, the Casablanca and the Brazzaville Twelve have been an impediment to the OAU in its efforts in effecting a peaceful settlement for intra-regional conflict such as the Chadian conflict. The two methodologies employed in this research are descriptive and historical analyses. The study maintains that it is because of the historical subjugation and subordination of the Chadian socio-economic formation by the French imperialists, that the Republic of Chad has been made to serve the French interests instead of serving the interests of the Chadians. The study suggests that if the Republic of Chad is to be successful in achieving political and economic independence, it must wage war against neo-colonialism and petty-bourgeois elements who are aligning themselves with the imperialists to destabilize the political economy of the country. Our analysis of the OAU's role in Chad shows that no stone was left unturned to bring a lasting solution to the Chadian conflict; but the noble efforts of the OAU could not possibly bear fruit because the OAU has so far not had much success in implementing its policy of resisting foreign intervention in essentially African conflicts.
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Ukoh, Aniekut Bassey Jr. « An analysis of the role of the organization of African unity in settlement of intra-regional conflict : the case of the Republic of Chad ». DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1985. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1135.

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The purpose of this study is to critically analyze the role of the Organization of African Unity in finding a peaceful settlement for intra-regional conflict using the Republic of Chad as a case study. It is a truism that since the Republic of Chad gained independence from France in 1960, the Chadians have not witnessed any political stability. This study is premised on the assumption that the root cause of the conflict in Chad is due to French colonialism and neo-colonialism that have continued to impinge upon the Chadians even after political independence had been achieved; that the inability of the OAU to find a solution to the conflict is due to foreign intervention. Moreover, different political ideologies that have divided the Organization of African Unity into three groups, namely, the Monrovia, the Casablanca and the Brazzaville Twelve have been an impediment to the OAU in its efforts in effecting a peaceful settlement for intra-regional conflict such as the Chadian conflict. The two methodologies employed in this research are descriptive and historical analyses. The study maintains that it is because of the historical subjugation and subordination of the Chadian socio-economic formation by the French imperialists, that the Republic of Chad has been made to serve the French interests instead of serving the interests of the Chadians. The study suggests that if the Republic of Chad is to be successful in achieving political and economic independence, it must wage war against neo-colonialism and petty-bourgeois elements who are aligning themselves with the imperialists to destabilize the political economy of the country. Our analysis of the OAU's role in Chad shows that no stone was left unturned to bring a lasting solution to the Chadian conflict; but the noble efforts of the OAU could not possibly bear fruit because the OAU has so far not had much success in implementing its policy of resisting foreign intervention in essentially African conflicts.
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Nzisabira, Désiré. « Von der Organisation der Afrikanischen Einheit zur Afrikanischen Union Ansätze zu einer afrikanischen Lösung der Sicherheits-, Friedens- und Entwicklungsprobleme Afrikas ». Hamburg Kovač, 2006. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/3-8300-2453-3.htm.

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Ngamilolo, Loïc-Rodney. « Le rôle de l'ONU et de l'OUA dans la résolution pacifique des conflits armés en République Démocratique du Congo de 1996 à 2002 ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2024_0118_NGAMILOLO.pdf.

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L'accession à la souveraineté internationale de la République du Congo (actuelle République Démocratique du Congo), le 30 juin 1960, a été suivie d'une instabilité politico-sécuritaire de grande ampleur. Après une certaine stabilité retrouvée dès la prise du pouvoir par Joseph MOBUTU en 1965, le pays bascule à nouveau dans un conflit armé. Ce conflit dure de 1996 à 2002 avec l'implication de neuf pays africains ainsi que d'une vingtaine de groupes armés. Ce qui a en fait la plus grande guerre internationalisée de l'histoire des Relations internationales de l'Afrique contemporaine. À côté des pertes humaines considérables, la cruauté et la barbarie des combats ont contraint des millions de personnes à l'exode dans des conditions humanitaires extrêmement précaires. L'ONU et l'OUA se sont fortement mobilisées en vue de trouver une solution négociée, susceptible de rétablir la paix et la sécurité dans le pays.La présente étude avait pour but d'examiner le rôle joué par ces deux organisations, en mettant en exergue la portée de leurs actions de paix au cours de cette période conflictuelle. Elles ont permis une action positive en ce sens que la situation sécuritaire en RDC a connu quelques améliorations à la suite de leur mobilisation qui s'est traduite par une diplomatie structurée autour d'envoyés spéciaux, avec l'organisation de sommets de paix internationaux et la mise en place des mécanismes ad hoc de stabilisation. Toutefois cette stabilisation reste très précaire en raison de la persistance de l'insécurité et de l'instabilité dans ce pays. Celles-ci se poursuivent d'ailleurs jusqu'à nos jours, notamment dans la région orientale
The accession to international sovereignty of the Republic of the Congo (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) on 30 June 1960 was followed by large-scale political and security instability. After a certain stability regained as soon as Joseph Mobutu took power in 1965, the country once again fell into armed conflict. This conflict lasted from 1996 to 2002 and saw the involvement of nine African countries as well as about twenty armed groups. This has in fact the largest internationalized war in the history of contemporary African International Relations. In addition to the considerable loss of life, the cruelty and barbarity of the fighting forced millions of people to flee in extremely precarious humanitarian conditions. The United Nations and the OAU have been strongly mobilized to find a negotiated solution that can restore peace and security in the country. The purpose of this study was to examine the role played by these two organizations, highlighting the scope of their peace actions during this period of conflict. Positive action has been taken in the sense that the security situation in the DRC has improved following their mobilization. It has resulted in diplomacy structured around special envoys, the organization of international peace summits and the establishment of ad hoc stabilization mechanisms. However, this stabilization remains very precarious due to the persistence of insecurity and instability in this country, which continues to this day, particularly in its eastern region
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Schoppert, Stephanie. « African Regional Organizations and Democracy ». Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5701.

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Instability and political repression are two reasons why many states in Africa are unable to develop. African regional organizations have the potential to encourage democracy, stability and development within their regions if they have the right tools. Using case studies of two major interventions by African regional organizations this thesis will determine what those tools may be. Both the intervention of ECOWAS into Liberia and the SADC into the DRC were rife with problems but they were able to bring some stability and even democracy to states in crisis. This thesis finds that African regional organizations can promote democracy and stability, but the focus is always on stability for the region. With strong institutions and mandates, policy agreement and strong leadership, African regional organizations can bring stability, development and even democracy to their regions.
M.A.
Masters
Political Science
Sciences
Political Science; International Studies
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Livres sur le sujet "Organizations of African Unity"

1

Harris, Gordon. Organization of African Unity. Oxford, England : Clio Press, 1994.

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2

J, Naldi Gino, dir. Documents of the Organization of African Unity. London : Mansell, 1992.

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3

Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, dir. Organisation of African Unity/African Union at 50. Victoria Island, Lagos : Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, 2013.

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Berman, Eric. Peacekeeping and the Organization of African Unity. Geneva, Switzerland : Programme for Strategic and International Security Studies, 2000.

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Unity, Organization of African. Bibliography on the Organization of African Unity (O.A.U.). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia : The Library, 1993.

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International, Amnesty, et Amnesty International USA, dir. Organization of African unity : Making human rights a reality for Africans. New York, N.Y : Amnesty International USA, 1998.

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Tokareva, Zinaida Ivanovna. Organization of African Unity : 25 years of struggle. Moscow : Progress Publishers, 1989.

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1928-, El-Ayouty Yassin, dir. The Organization of African Unity after thirty years. Westport, CT : Praeger, 1994.

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Symposium on African Unity (2009 Dakar, Senegal). Century of change : Symposium on African Unity. Sous la direction de Forje John W. New York : Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Unity, Organization of African, et African Economic Community, dir. Constitutive act of the African Union. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia : Organization of African Unity, 2000.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Organizations of African Unity"

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Chatterjee, Deen K. « Organization for African Unity (OAU) ». Dans Encyclopedia of Global Justice, 785. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9160-5_1082.

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Botchway, Thomas Prehi, Awaisu Imurana Braimah et Felix Tei Mensah Lartey. « From the Organization of African Unity (OAU) to the African Union (AU) — The Dynamics of the Transformation of a Regional Integration ». Dans International Organizations, 149–65. Belgrade ; Skopje : Institute of International Politics ; Economics ; Faculty of Philosophy of the University of St. Cyril ; Methodius, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18485/iipe_ioscw.2022.2.ch9.

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Abegunrin, Olayiwola. « From Organization of African Unity to African Union ». Dans Africa in Global Politics in the Twenty-First Century, 141–72. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230623903_8.

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Amoo, Samuel G., et I. William Zartman. « Mediation by Regional Organizations : The Organization for African Unity (OAU) in Chad ». Dans Mediation in International Relations, 131–48. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230375864_6.

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Amoo, Samuel G., et I. William Zartman. « Mediation by Regional Organizations : The Organization for African Unity (OAU) in Chad ». Dans Mediation in International Relations, 131–48. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230374690_6.

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Neuberger, Benyamin. « The Organization of African Unity and the African Union ». Dans African Nationalism, 119–30. London : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003322818-11.

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Stapel, Sören. « The Organization of African Unity and African Union : Following the Design of Reference Models ». Dans Regional Organizations and Democracy, Human Rights, and the Rule of Law, 237–75. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90398-5_6.

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Noyes, Alexander. « The Role of African Regional Organizations in Post-Election Governments of National Unity ». Dans African Foreign Policies in International Institutions, 79–93. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57574-6_6.

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Wolfers, Michael. « Liberation Committee ». Dans Politics in the Organization of African Unity, 163–94. London : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032617947-5.

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Wolfers, Michael. « Postscript ». Dans Politics in the Organization of African Unity, 195–202. London : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032617947-6.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Organizations of African Unity"

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Oke, A., C. Diji et N. Osayande. « Lean Energy Consideration of a Nigerian Sawmill Facility ». Dans 2019 African Institute for Science Policy and Innovation International Biennial Conference, 115–23. Koozakar LLC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.69798/11893505.

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Leanness can be defined as minimization of waste. Waste depletes resources but does not have any improvement on the values of the products. It can occur in many forms and in many places. Lean methods help to reduce waste. Waste can be minimised by isolating and eliminating those activities that have no value adding effect on products. Lean programs create a cultural and people-oriented transformation by educating entire organizations on how to identify hidden wastes and empowering each employee to enhance the quality of production. Lean energy can be achieved by exposing the aspects that contribute to the supplementary energy component. This work considers isolating the energy wasting components of machines used in log processing by analyzing the entire energy use pattern. In the log processing industry sector, energy is consumed for a wide range of activities such as sawing, lighting, saw sharpening and other maintenance activities. The sawmill facility under investigation is the electric motor. The entire machines used in the production process have electric motors as their prime mover. The power rating of the electrical devices and capacity of each unit were collected from the personnel in charge. The production processes were monitored and measurements of necessary parameters were taken with the aid of the following instruments: Wattmeter, digital laser Tachometer, stop watch and tape; data were recorded for weeks depending on the size of the site being considered. The study showed that a 10hp motor replacement would likely perform the sawmilling operation on the band saws more efficiently.
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Lunney, Iain. « Cost-Effective Directional Drilling and Logging-While-Drilling Operational/Maintenance Model Aids an East Africa Operator to Deliver Its Remote Location Exploration Campaign ». Dans SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2582954-ms.

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ABSTRACT In a cost-sensitive market driven by depressed commodity prices, significant capital challenges exist for operators interested in pursuing exploration activities in remote environments to define their producible reserves. This paper explores the organizational and operational model developed by a service company over several remote area mobilizations; this model resulted in an optimized low-cost service delivery model characterized by top quartile operational key performance indicators (KPIs). The model centralizes critical functions of an operational organization into discrete service units that are located near the operational location or that provide remote assistance with communication and reporting lines in place to function effectively. Top quartile operational performance and tool availability is a result of placing a remote repair and maintenance facility that includes containerized specialty modules near the operational area. The upfront bottomhole assembly engineering, 24/7 monitoring, and proactive feedback of logged data, drillstring dynamics, and wellbore hydraulics are performed by a core team of subject matter experts in their respective disciplines from an established centralized operating center. The operational KPIs over the course of the six well exploration campaign provided substantial evidence to support the reliability of the model and the high level of experience used in both the remote maintenance facility and the operations center support team.
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Makalima, Unathi, Clinton Aigbavboa, Ifije Ohiomah et Nita Sukdeo. « Barriers for implementing reverse logistics in South African construction organizations ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001618.

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this papers aims to present a survey of the perception of the barriers to implementing reverse logistics practices in South African construction organisations. Despite the extensive research on forward logistics and RL, there is a paucity of studies that examine the barriers to implementing RL particularly within the South African construction industry that hinders the implementation of RL. Data were collected by utilising the use of questionnaires. The quantitative survey data were subjected to descriptive analysis. The following barriers were indicated as most significant; lack of awareness of reverse logistics practices, lack of knowledge of the revenue reverse logistics brings. The least ranked barriers are limited forecasting and planning in reverse logistics, lack of pressure from community and perceived idea that the cost of adopting RL is high. First, the reported findings are focussed on one study that used questionnaire surveys within the construction industry; therefore, the results may not be generalisable to other contexts. The barriers identified could be used as a road map for the development of appropiate solutions for the successful implementation of RL.
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Hans, Robert T., et Ernest Mnkandla. « To What Extent Do South African Software Organizations Lack Project Success Factors ? » Dans 2019 International Conference on contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ic3i46837.2019.9055512.

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Rashid, Mariam. « "What Will We Do?" Cultural Perspectives of African Women Refugees in Faith-Based Organizations ». Dans 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC : AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1576544.

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« "SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES USE CONTINUANCE IN ORGANIZATIONS : INSIGHTS FROM A SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRY" ». Dans 16th International Conference Information Systems 2023. IADIS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33965/is2023_202301l014.

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Uche Uwadia, Engr Festus, Dr Emmanuel Innocents Edoun, Prof Anup Pradhan et Prof Charles Mbohwa. « Barriers to the Application of Quality Management System (QMS) in South African Manufacturing Organizations ». Dans 14th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. Michigan, USA : IEOM Society International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46254/an14.20240034.

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Warnck, Skollan Elisabeth, et Vincent Joshua Schober. « (Re-)Thinking African Regional Organizations’ Non-military Conflict Intervention Practices through Re-iterative Data Modeling ». Dans Digital Humanities Day Leipzig (DHDL) 2023, 04.12.2023, Leipzig. Leipzig : Universität Leipzig, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36730/2024.1.dhdl.14.

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« Business Priorities Driving BYOD Adoption : A Case Study of a South African Financial Services Organization ». Dans InSITE 2019 : Informing Science + IT Education Conferences : Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4284.

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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, Volume 16] Aim/Purpose: Bring your own device (BYOD) provides opportunities for both the organization and employees, but the adoption of BYOD also introduces risks. This case study of an organization’s BYOD program identifies key positive and negative influences on the adoption decision. Background: The consumerization of IT introduced the BYOD phenomenon into the enterprise environment. As mobile and Internet technologies improve employees are opting to use their personal devices to access organizational systems to perform their work tasks. Such devices include smartphones, tablets and laptop computers. Methodology: This research uses a case study approach to investigate how business priorities drive the adoption of BYOD and how resulting benefits and risks are realized and managed by the organization. Primary empirical data was collected using semi-structured interviews with 15 senior employees from a large South African financial services organization. Policy documents from the organization were analyzed as secondary data. Contribution: Thematic analysis of the data revealed six major themes: improving employee mobility; improving client service and experience; creating a competitive industry advantage; improving business processes; information security risks; and management best practices. Findings: The themes were analyzed using the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, showing the key positive and negative influences on the adoption decision. Recommendations for Practitioners: Organizations need to clearly understand the reasons they want to introduce BYOD in their organizations. The conceptual framework can be applied by practitioners in their organizations to achieve their BYOD business objectives. Recommendations for Researchers: BYOD remains an important innovation for organizations with several aspects worthy of further study. The TOE framework presents a suitable lens for analysis, but other models should also be considered. Impact on Society: The findings show that organizations can use BYOD to improve client service, gain competitive advantage, and improve their processes using their digital devices and backend systems. The BYOD trend is thus not likely to go away anytime soon. Future Research: The applicability of findings should be validated across additional contexts. Additional models should also be used.
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Baloyi, Lesiba, et Molebogeng Makobe-Rabothata. « The African Conception of Death : A Cultural Implication ». Dans International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology Congress. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4087/frdw2511.

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From an African perspective death is a natural transition from the visible to the invisible spiritual ontology where the spirit, the essence of the person, is not destroyed but moves to live in the spirit ancestors’ realm dead. It signifies an inextricable spiritual connection between the visible and invisible worlds. This chapter focuses on how traditional Africans conceive and deal with the bereavement process. We adopt the African worldview and philosophy as our framework. We dispute the often held view in mainstream psychology that behavior, in this case the concept of death and the bereavement processes have universal applicability, articulation, representation and meaning. For Africans, death is accompanied by a series of the performance of rituals which connect the living dead and the living. Two case studies are presented and discussed to illustrate the African conception of death, its meaning, significance and accompanying mourning rituals and process. We approach the participants’ stories from a qualitative narrative inquiry viewpoint as our methodology. The experiences in the participants’ stories in the workplace reveal that African indigenous ways of dealing with death are still not recognized, respected and understood in organizations which have a dominant Western culture.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Organizations of African Unity"

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Dada, Carl A. Need for Organization of African Unity to Develop a Peacekeeping Capability. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mai 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada241167.

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Wamala, Edward K. Conflict Resolution in Africa : Challenges for the International Community, The Organization of African Unity and the Sub- Regional Groups. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada378269.

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Rovegno, John S. Achieving Unity of Effort with Nongovernmental Organizations in Peace Support Operations. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404641.

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Menon, Shantanu, Kushagra Merchant, Devika Menon et Aruna Pandey. Youth for Unity and Voluntary Action (YUVA) : Instituting an ideal. Indian School Of Development Management, mars 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58178/2303.1021.

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This case study traces the journey of Youth for Unity and Voluntary Action (YUVA), an NGO which was co-founded in Mumbai (erstwhile Bombay) in 1984 by a young graduate Minar Pimple along with a group of his lecturers and peers from the Nirmala Niketan College of Social Work, together looking to evolve an indigenous model of social work practice. To say that times have changed in India since YUVA’s inception 38 years ago would be an understatement. Despite this, the organization’s spirit continues to echo its founding purpose and values, and provide a space in which the most marginalised of young and like-minded people can come together, understand their rights and responsibilities as citizens, and work together towards shared ideals. Even today, the majority of the people who work with YUVA (meaning “youth”) come from marginalised backgrounds. Such talent composition is not the norm, even in civil society. Seeded with feminist ideals—in particular that of nurturing a careful and life-long sensitivity for the socio-politically marginalised, and standing by them in their strive for social justice—YUVA’s historical record is a statement of how a steadfast commitment to principles can eventually find home in a settled and satisfying practice. This case study lays out both what that historical record speaks and what it speaks between the lines. What the record directly speaks of is the radical milieu in which YUVA came into being, how it became a significant civil society presence in its own right, how it multiplied new initiatives, and how it underwent a difficult leadership transition and financial stresses, yet strived hard to remain relevant. Between the lines, the record hints at how an alert, attuned and active academic milieu constitutes a real treasure—a reminder that perhaps seems appropriate for the times; and narrates the story of how a feminist organization deeply committed to social justice operates from the inside, of the people who make it and how they make and remake it. organizations of this nature have an important place in the annals of Indian civil society but have not received a proportionate space within the documented field of organizational development and talent management. This case study provides an opportunity for learners to explore the idea, relevance and practices of a feminist organization, through the travails and triumphs of one of the oldest ones in India.
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Lane, Krista. African Regime Types and International Humanitarian Non-Governmental Organizations : A Comparative Study of the Relationships of Friends and Enemies. Portland State University Library, janvier 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.723.

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Berdan, Robert, Terrence Wiley et Magaly Lavadenz. California Association for Bilingual Education (CABE) Position Statement on Ebonics. Center for Equity for English Learners, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.statement.1997.1.

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In this position statement, the authors write in support of Ebonics (also known as African American Vernacular English, Black English, Black Dialect, and African American Language) as a legitimate language. The linguistic and cultural origins of Ebonics is traced, along with its legitimacy by professional organizations and the courts. CABE asserts that the role of schools and teachers is therefore to build on students’ knowledge of Ebonics rather than replace or eradicate Ebonics as they teach standard English. This position statement has implications for teacher training.
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Бондаренко, Ольга Володимирівна, Світлана Вікторівна Мантуленко et Андрій Валерійович Пікільняк. Google Classroom as a Tool of Support of Blended Learning for Geography Students. CEUR-WS.org, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2655.

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Abstract. The article reveals the experience of organizing blended learning for geography students using Google Classroom, and discloses its potential uses in the study of geography. For the last three years, the authors have tested such in-class and distance courses as “Cartography and Basics of Topography”, “Population Geography”, “Information Systems and Technologies in Tourism Industry”, “Regional Economic and Social World Geography (Europe and the CIS)”, “Regional Economic and Social World Geography (Africa, Latin America, Asia, Anglo-America, Australia and Oceania)”, “Socio-Economic Cartography”. The advantages of using the specified interactive tool during the study of geographical disciplines are highlighted out in the article. As it has been established, the organization of the learning process using Google Classroom ensures the unity of in-class and out-of-class learning; it is designed to realize effective interaction of the subjects learning in real time; to monitor the quality of training and control the students’ learning achievements in class as well as out of it, etc. The article outlines the disadvantages that should be taken into account when organizing blended learning using Google Classroom, including the occasional predominance of students’ external motivation in education and their low level of readiness for work in the classroom; insufficient level of material and technical support in some classrooms; need for out-of-class pedagogical support; lack of guidance on the content aspect of Google Classroom pages, etc. Through the test series conducted during 2016-2017, an increase in the number of geography students with a sufficient level of academic achievements and a decrease of those with a low level of it was revealed.
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Banda, Tikulirekuti, Hanna Woldemeskel, Rachel James et Ginger A. Johnson. From data to action : How findings from an interagency rapid qualitative assessment are stimulating action to support drought-affected communities in Zambia. Institute of Development Studies, septembre 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.043.

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The Republic of Zambia is one of several countries in the Eastern and Southern Africa region that has been grappling with multiple concurrent emergencies that have affected the health and safety of the population. In February 2024, a national state of emergency was declared in Zambia due to a severe and prolonged drought affecting over half of the country. These emergencies have adversely affected women and children who are especially vulnerable to diseases, malnutrition and violence. In response, the Collective Service – an interagency partnership between UNICEF, the World Health Organization and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies – has been providing technical surge support on cholera and drought emergencies. This support has been to UNICEF Zambia and its partners from the Ministry of Health, Zambia National Public Health Institute, Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU), the University of Zambia School of Public Health, Public Private Dialogue Forum and the Zambia Red Cross Society. The support has been in collaboration with global partners, including UK Public Health Rapid Support Team, SSHAP and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct people-centred, rapid qualitative assessments (RQAs) to inform community engagement strategies and hold response actors accountable to affected populations. Since November 2023, the Collective Service has supported the coordination of the Zambia Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) cluster through strengthened community feedback mechanisms, operational social science training and support, and shared data intelligence and analysis. The Collective Service has also supported the implementation of RQAs to highlight important issues emerging in Zambia. Four RQAs, conducted in 2023 and 2024, focused on cholera; and two RQAs, conducted in 2024, focused on the impact of the drought across nutrition; water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH); and health and social protection. This brief summarises and shares information from the RQA, conducted from 28 May to 2 June 2024, of drought-related community perceptions and behaviours in Zambia.
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Eschen, Andrea. Community-based AIDS prevention and care in Africa : Workshop report. Population Council, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv1993.1000.

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Representatives from community-based AIDS prevention and care programs in five sub-Saharan African countries spoke about their programs’ strengths, shortcomings, and hopes for the future at a meeting organized by the Population Council that took place on June 5, 1993, in Berlin just prior to the IXth International Conference on AIDS. Participants’ experiences and insights demonstrated the ingenuity and imagination that communities have generated to prevent the spread of HIV and AIDS and how they have taken action where government activities have fallen short. The workshop brought representatives of these programs together with staff of governmental and nongovernmental organizations, funding institutions, technical assistance agencies, and national and international AIDS-prevention programs to present their experiences. Discussion focused on strategies to strengthen community-based AIDS prevention and care in Africa. The meeting was the culmination of the first year of a three-year project established by the Population Council as part of the Positive Action Program’s Developing Country Initiative. This report notes that the aim was to identify successful elements of community-based AIDS prevention and care programs and promote a global exchange of expertise.
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Ssebibubbu, Stuart, Moses Mulumba, Monalisa Chafewa, Maria Birungi, Nimrod Muhumuza et Baguma Christopher. Analyzing the Capacities of National Medicines Regulatory Agencies To Regulate Vaccine Manufacturing in Africa. Afya na Haki, juin 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.63010/k8nm.

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Pharmaceutical production and high-quality medical treatment require effective regulation. National Medicines Regulatory Authorities (NMRAs) oversee medicinal product manufacture, distribution, and sale. Analysing African NMRA capacity is necessary to identify gaps and improve regulatory mechanisms to ensure vaccination quality and public health. This paper employs qualitative methodology to analyze the legal, regulatory, and policy framework systems, which includes a desk review of relevant literature, a writing workshop, and key informant interviews as data sources in Eight countries, including Uganda, Rwanda, South Africa, Nigeria, Senegal, Malawi, Zimbabwe, and Ghana. The study employed thematic content analysis (TCA) to identify key themes or gaps related to the regulatory capacities of NMRAs in Africa. The study found that it is difficult for NMRAs in Africa to oversee the production of vaccines. Some of the challenges include inadequate infrastructure, varying levels of capacity, slow updates and revisions, and problems implementing Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards that need to be addressed. The findings stress the need for regulatory harmonization, collaboration, and capacity building to strengthen Africa’s NMRAs. In conclusion, there is a need for amplification of NMRAs’ capabilities. The study recommends bolstering regulatory frameworks and systems, enhancing coordination and communication among agencies, establishing regional centers of excellence, utilizing technology to make data sharing more efficient, and encouraging partnerships and collaboration with industry stakeholders and international organizations.
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