Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Organizational accidents »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Organizational accidents"
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Marziale, Maria Helena Palucci, Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi Rocha, Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz Robazzi, Camila Maria Cenzi, Heloisa Ehmke Cardoso dos Santos et Marli Elisa Mendes Trovó. « Organizational influence on the occurrence of work accidents involving exposure to biological material ». Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 21, spe (février 2013) : 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692013000700025.
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OBJECTIVES: to analyze work accidents involving exposure to biological materials which took place among personnel working in nursing and to evaluate the influence of the organizational culture on the occurrence of these accidents. METHOD: a retrospective, analytical study, carried out in two stages in a hospital that was part of the Network for the Prevention of Work Accidents. The first stage involved the analysis of the characteristics of the work accidents involving exposure to biological materials as recorded over a seven-year period by the nursing staff in the hospital studied, and registered in the Network databank. The second stage involved the analysis of 122 nursing staff members' perception of the institutional culture, who were allocated to the control group (workers who had not had an accident) and the case group (workers who had had an accident). RESULTS: 386 accidents had been recorded: percutaneous lesions occurred in 79% of the cases, needles were the materials involved in 69.7% of the accidents, and in 81.9% of the accident there was contact with blood. Regarding the influence of the organizational culture on the occurrence of accidents, the results obtained through the analysis of the two groups did not demonstrate significant differences between the average scores attributed by the workers in each organizational value or practice category. It is concluded that accidents involving exposure to biological material need to be avoided, however, it was not possible to confirm the influence of organizational values or practices on workers' behavior concerning the occurrence of these accidents.
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Catino, Maurizio. « Apprendere dagli errori per migliorare sicurezza e affidabilitŕ organizzativa : il contributo della sociologia dell'organizzazione ». SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, no 114 (septembre 2009) : 96–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2009-114008.
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- The objective of this article is to examine which role the theory and sociology of organization might have in the accident analysis of organizations for the improvement of safety and reliability. The possible role for organizational research on accidents in organizations. The two main aims are: the analysis of two different logics of inquiry in case of accidents - the individual blame logic vs the functional-organizational logic-; the evaluation of the possible role and the practical difficulties in the implementation of an organizational approach if errors and organizational accidents occur. Main attention will focus on organizational research direct to have influence on social processes and conditions of extra-academic effect.Key words: organizational learning, organizational errors, blame culture, just culture, safety, organizational reliability
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Sha, Yongzhong, Junyan Hu, Qingxia Zhang et Chao Wang. « Systematic Analysis of the Contributory Factors Related to Major Coach and Bus Accidents in China ». Sustainability 14, no 22 (18 novembre 2022) : 15354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215354.
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The purpose of this study was: (1) to propose a classification system for the contributory factors behind major coach and bus accidents with mass casualties based on the human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS); and (2) to identify the main contributory factors behind accidents and the main indicators of the causal factors. Based on 56 official investigation reports of major coach and bus accidents with more than 10 fatalities, a qualitative content analysis was conducted to develop a modified classification system for the contributory factors behind these accidents, and a gray correlation analysis was conducted to identify the main causative factors and indicators by calculating the correlation degrees. The results showed that the modified classification system for the contributory factors behind major coach and bus accidents can be divided into seven levels: government regulations, the organizational influence of passenger transportation enterprises, unsafe internal operational supervision, preconditions for drivers’ unsafe acts, drivers’ unsafe acts, proximate causes other than the driver’s act, and moderating factors affecting accident severity and probability. The organizational influence of passenger transportation enterprises is the most significant factor affecting the accidents. Thus, passenger transport enterprises must systematically strengthen their responsibility and safety management to prevent accidents. Accident investigations should begin with the accident process to determine the proximate cause as well as the factors that influence the likelihood and severity of the accident.
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Mohsin Abbas, Mohsin Abbas. « The Trend of Occupational Accidents and Their Under-Reporting Estimations in the Factories of Pakistan ; 1993-2009 ». journal of King Abdulaziz University - Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences 27, no 2 (10 avril 2018) : 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/met.27-2.5.
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This study aimed to investigate the occupational accidents trends and their under-reporting estimations in Pakistan during 1993-2009. Accident rates and Index value analysis method base on year 1993 used to compare the changing profile of occupational accidents. Occupational accidents underreporting (Ur) in non-reporting factories (NRFs) calculated by considering their proportional accident rate equal to the number of reported occupational accidents by RFs. Total 10330 occupational accidents investigated in RFs. Total 819 fatal accidents found with average fatality rate of 25 fatal accidents per 105 workers in RFs. Total 9511 non-fatal accidents found with an accident rate of 271 non-fatal accidents per 105 which was high (567 non-fatal accidents per 105) from 1993 to 1996. Occupational accidents Ur (77%) estimated three times higher than reported occupational accidents (23%) in RFs with their continuous increasing trend. This study concludes the weak organizational safety culture in Pakistan. Enforcement at governmental level for safety reporting and labor laws reforms required to reduce the Ur of occupational accidents in the factories of Pakistan.
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Kupriyanov, V. V., I. O. Temkin et I. S. Bondarenko. « Study of the Time Characteristics for Emergency Situations in the Coal Mines ». Occupational Safety in Industry, no 1 (janvier 2022) : 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2022-1-39-45.
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The problems directly related to ensuring safety of work in the coal mines are considered. Statistical, technical, and expert analyses was carried out using available research data on the causes and conditions of various underground accidents (methane and coal dust explosions, blockages and collapses, endogenous fires, etc.) at the coal mines in Russia and other coal-producing countries over the past 15 years. The results of studies of natural, technical, and organizational factors of accidents showed that there is a tendency to preserving their number. Possible reasons for a rather high accident rate in the mines, including fatal injuries to personnel, are as follows: insufficient time reserve to escape from the accidents, which, moreover, is not used to the full extent by the mine personnel and management dealing with safety issues during accidents; decisions on establishing the nature and causes of accidents are made on the basis of unreliable information; the development of accidents is influenced by the uncontrollable and beyond control factors. Temporary model of the accident development is proposed. In six different accidents, the structural pattern is established, which is expressed as a golden wurf. This fact shows that there is an optimal dependence between the available time margin and the time to recover from an accident of any complexity. Natural, technical, and organizational factors influencing the margin of time for recovery from the accidents are considered. The importance is shown concerning careful filtration of the digital and voice messages content for the mine personnel when analyzing accidents. The concept of filtration procedure is formulated.
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Kania, A., K. Cesarz-Andraczke, K. Więcek et R. Babilas. « Analysis of accidents in the context of work safety culture ». Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 1-2, no 94 (1 mai 2019) : 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5120.
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Purpose: The article presents an analysis of accidents in the selected enterprise from the automotive industry. The analysis includes two workplaces: machine operator and warehouseman. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis of accidents at work in a selected production company includes the period from the beginning of 2016 to half of the 2018 year using the method based on the TOH model. This method determines three factors of accident causes: technical, organizational and human (TOH). Findings: In the paper, the workplaces analysis taking into account activities, type of work, working position and accidents at work is presented. The analysis of work accidents includes the age group, work experience etc. The TOH model determines causes related to accidental events. Research limitations/implications: The accidents at work are the result of a low or undesirable safety culture. Because of that, the safety culture should be constantly developed, maintained and continuously improved. Originality/value: Many methods and procedures can be used to investigate accidents at work. The TOH model is one of them. It determines the direct and indirect causes of accidents. Based on them, the corrective actions can be proposed and implemented.
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Procházková, Dana, Jan Procházka et Tomáš Kertis. « DOMAINS OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC, WHICH NEED THE SAFETY IMPROVEMENT ». Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 11 (28 août 2017) : 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2017.11.0053.
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The paper analyses the railway accidents sources in the Czech Republic on the basis of knowledge on complex system behaviour. It derives seven categories of sources of railway accidents. The individual categories include the accident sources from the same field domain. These domains are: technical related to rail traffic vehicles; technical related to rail infrastructure and railway station; railway operation control – organizational causes; railway operation control – cyber causes; control of rail traffic vehicles; attack on the train; domain legislative and other. The results show that for railway traffic safety improvement, it is necessary to pay attention to all categories, and especially to these that lead to organizational accidents origination.
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Park, Brian, et Rangaraj Ramanujam. « Myopic Organizational Learning from Accidents ». Academy of Management Proceedings 2017, no 1 (août 2017) : 14667. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2017.14667abstract.
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Abe, Seiji. « Transport Accident Investigation Status and Issues ». Journal of Disaster Research 6, no 2 (1 avril 2011) : 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2011.p0185.
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Railroad, aviation, and shipping transport accidents tend to be handled as organizational incidents. The objective of accident investigation is to effectively decrease and prevent accident recurrence, rather than to ascribe blame to any person. Such investigations clarify technological, system-based, and managerial shortcomings. By eliminating factors that cause accidents, we may be able to prevent similar recurrences. In this article, we first review the global status of accident, then, look at current situations and issues as they apply to accident investigation in Japan.
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Wright, Chris. « Routine Deaths : Fatal Accidents in the Oil Industry ». Sociological Review 34, no 2 (mai 1986) : 265–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1986.tb02702.x.
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This paper is a study in the relatively neglected field of the Sociology of Accidents and is concerned with fatalities in the UK Offshore Oil Industry. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the social and organizational causes of these accidents. Common sense and expert opinion both present industrial accidents as products of extra organizational abnormality but evidence from this research locates the causes of accidents in work organization and dependence on bureaucratic rationality. In particular it is shown that the hazardous situations in which the accidents occurred were themselves largely the products of two aspects of the formal organization of work, the ‘speed-up’ and the practice of ‘sub-contracting’. It is demonstrated that the common sense equation of the ‘normal’ and the ‘routine’ inhibited recognition of the organization causes of these accidents. Finally it is argued that, since there is little support for the view that the accident were produced by unique working conditions in the offshore industry, it is therefore likely that the causes of accidents in this industry will be found to exist in other industries.
Thèses sur le sujet "Organizational accidents"
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Morley, F. J. Joel. « Ripples in a pond : a comprehensive, generalized model of the evolution of safety culture ». Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10765.
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The systemic origins of many accidents have led to heightened interest is the way organizations identify and manage risks. The term organizational safety culture' has become common within the literature and seeks to explain the fact that organizations their willingness and ability to conduct safe operations. The activities and stuctures which are thought to represent a °good° safety culture are well documented. However, a model was lacking which would explain the failure of many organizations to develop a organizational culture which would support safety initiatives. Ti thesis seeks to l that gap. A model which aimed to enumerate the factors which impact upon a organizations ability to develop a positive safety culture is presented and tested. A open systems perspective is the development of the model allowed this work to build upon previous treatments of safety culture by incorporating factors within the operating environment. The application of the model is discussed.
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Narine, Ganesh. « Causes and Prevention of Electric Power Industry Accidents : A Delphi Study ». ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7495.
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The electric power industry is very complex, dangerous, and challenging. The number of workplace accidents declined over the last decade, but worker injuries and fatalities continue to occur. The purpose of this Delphi study was to gain consensus regarding the most feasible and desirable methods to prevent accidents and deaths. The research question focused on gaining consensus from a panel of experts regarding the most desirable and feasible solutions to fatal and serious workplace accidents in the United States. The Bolman and Deal 4-frame model proved useful for understanding challenges within the electric industry and how workers and leaders can work together to best prevent accidents. Twenty-seven managers, trainers, supervisors, and workers, each with more than 10 years of experience in the United States electric power industry, responded to 30 items in the first round. The responses from the first round, where 70% or more of participants agreed, were analyzed using the NVivo 12 Plus software. Consensus occurred after each round: In the first round through the solutions participants provided. In the second round and later rounds, consensus occurred through acceptance of items with scores of 3 or higher on a 5-point Likert-type scale endorsed by 70% or more respondents. Participants decided if the solutions were desirable and feasible in the second round, and important and credible in rounds third and fourth. Participants concurred that organizational leadership, managers, supervisors, and workers were in different ways responsible for accident prevention. Supervisors and managers who communicated organizational priorities, and demanded strict compliance with policies, rules, and procedures, promote social change in a highly specialized industry.
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James, Eric Preston. « A Case Study of NASA's Columbia Tragedy : An Organizational Learning and Sensemaking Approach to Organizational Crisis ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5161/.
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No other government agency receives as much attention as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The high-profile agency frequently captures attention of the media in both positive and negative contexts. This thesis takes a case study approach using organizational learning and sensemaking theories to investigate crisis communication within NASA's 2003 Columbia tragedy. Eight participants, who in some capacity had worked for NASA during the Columbia tragedy in a communication centered position, were interviewed. Using a grounded theory framework, nine themes emerged pertaining to organizational learning, leadership, structure, and organizational culture. The results of the study aid in understanding how high risk organization's (HROs) can learn from previous failures and details how organizational culture can hinder organizational change.
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James, Eric Preston Richardson Brian K. « A case study of NASA's Columbia tragedy an organizational learning and sensemaking approach to organizational crisis / ». [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5161.
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Burger, Elke. « Investigating high turnover intention and a diminished level of organisational commitment as antecedents of accidents ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86316.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A study on intention to leave and efficiency that was conducted in the healthcare industry reported that an employee contemplating leaving an organisation cuts corners and compromises quality (Waldman, Kelly, Arora & Smith, 2004). In other words, employees with high intention to leave are more likely to disobey rules and procedures. Swain (2006) further argued that companies must weigh up the untold losses involved with an employee who has little to no loyalty towards an organisation, or no respect for the company’s equipment, against recruitment and development costs. It was therefore argued that a combination of high turnover intention and a diminished level of organisational commitment could influence an employee’s attitude towards safety procedures and, as a result, lead to an increase in accidents (Graham & Nafukho, 2010). This study utilised an extensive literature review on work climate, job satisfaction, organisational commitment, turnover intentions and accident rates and a conceptual model of safe driving dynamics in trucking to illustrate the notion that truck drivers with a diminished level of organisational commitment and the intention to leave may experience higher accident rates. A South African retail group made all their drivers available for the study, i.e. the entire population. The raw data was obtained through self-administered pencil-and-paper questionnaires. A response rate of 50% was achieved. Using Partial Least Squares analysis, the study found all three mindsets of organisational commitment to predict turnover intention. The practical implications of these findings could assist management in the improvement of an array of work behaviours such as job performance, work attendance and organisational citizenship, and decrease turnover rate. The study could not find any significant support for the predictive effect of turnover intention on risky driving behaviour. Future researchers, however, are encouraged to develop a model that could assist Human Resource professionals in the understanding, development, and implementation of interventions to increase organisational commitment, reduce intention to leave, actual turnover, and, consequently, costly truckload accidents.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die bevindings van ’n studie oor intensies tot bedanking en doeltreffendheid wat in die gesondheidsorg industrie onderneem is, het aangedui dat ’n werknemer wat oorweeg om ’n organisasie te verlaat, die werk afskeep en gehalte in gedrang bring (Waldman, Kelly, Arora & Smith, 2004). Werknemers met sterk intensies tot bedanking is dus meer geneig om riglyne en vasgestelde prosedures te verontagsaam. Verder het Swain (2006) aangevoer dat maatskappye die onberekende verliese verbonde aan ’n werknemer wat geen respek vir die maatskappy se toerusting koester nie, moet opweeg teenoor werwing en ontwikkellingskostes. Daarvolgens is aangevoer dat ’n kombinasie van hoë intensies tot bedanking en ’n verlaagde vlak van organisasieverbondenheid ’n werknemer se houding teenoor veiligheidsprosedures kan beïnvloed en gevolglik tot ’n toename in ongelukke kan lei (Graham & Nafukho, 2010). Die huidige navorsingstudie het van ’n uitgebreide literatuurstudie met betrekking tot werksklimaat, werkstevredenheid, organisasieverbondenheid en ongeluksyfers, en ’n konseptuele model van veilige bestuursdinamika in vragmotorvervoer, gebruik gemaak om die idee dat vragmotorbestuurders met ’n verminderde vlak van organisasieverbondenheid en die intensie om te bedank ‘n hoër ongeluksyfer kan beleef. ’n Suid-Afrikaanse kleinhandel groep het al hul vragmotorbestuurders (dus die hele populasie) vir die studie beskikbaar gestel. Die roudata is met behulp van self-geadministreerde potlood-en-papier vraelyste verkry. ’n Responskoers van 50% is verkry. Met die gebruik van parsiële kleinste kwadrate analise, het die studie bevind dat intensies tot bedanking deur al drie ingesteldhede van organisasieverbondenheid voorspel word. Die praktiese implikasies van hierdie bevindinge kan bestuur help om ’n verskeidenheid werksgedrag, soos werkprestasie, werkbywoning en organisatoriese gemeenskapsgedrag, te verbeter en personeel-omsetafname te bewerkstellig. Die studie het nie daarin geslaag om beduidende ondersteuning vir die voorspellingseffek van intensies tot bedanking op riskante bestuursgedrag te vind nie. Toekomstige navorsers word egter aangemoedig om ’n model te ontwikkel wat menslike hulpbron-bestuurders sal help met die verstaan, ontwikkeling en implementering van ingrypings wat organisasieverbondenheid verhoog, sodat intensies tot bedanking en personeel-omset verlaag, en daardeur ook duur vragongelukke verminder word.
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Simpson, Peter. « Relationship Between Airline Category, Geographical Region, and Safety Performance ». ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5528.
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Passengers rank safety as a key factor in airline choice. Thus, safety performance impacts an airline's ability to attract customers. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship and difference between airline category low-cost carriers (LCCs) and full-service carriers (FSCs), geographical region, and safety performance measured by accident rates. The target population comprised all airlines in all countries that had an accident during the 14-year period 2004 to 2017. Data consisted of archival data of all global airline accidents and airline departure frequencies for the 14-year period. The theory of organizational accidents in complex sociotechnical systems explains the relationship between LCC and FSC safety performance, as well as between global geographical regions. The Swiss cheese model of organizational accidents theoretical framework remains a relevant model to examine airline accidents and improve airline safety. Data analysis consisted of the t test, ANOVA, correlation, and regression analysis. LCCs were found to be as safe as FSCs on a global level, and safer than FSCs in some regions. There were regional differences in safety, with North America being safer than Africa. The implications for positive social change include the potential for airline leaders to improve the safety image of their airline and provide passengers a better understanding of airline safety. Providing passengers with information on airline safety performance allows passengers to make informed choices on using different categories of airlines in different geographical regions. The research may result in new travel opportunities for travelers that were previously unrealized due to safety concerns, particularly around the increased use of LCCs.
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BIANCO, DOLINO ALESSIA. « Why Doesn't the (Watch) Dog Bark ? Logics of Risk Regulation and Management in the italian Railway Sector ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/80904.
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Scholars from different disciplines have highlighted an increased focus on the avoidance of possible negative outcomes as a by-product of different areas of human activity by our (Western) societies. Risk management and regulation have turned out to be a crucial public and political issue. In addition, the number of public agencies dedicated to risk management and regulation has grown both at the national as well as at the supra-national levels. Consequently, a growing number of human activities have fostered complex networks of organizations – regulators and regulated organizations interacting at different levels of government – dedicated to risk management and regulation. Nevertheless, despite such an increased attention, amount of resources and number of organizations, organizational accidents still happen. A look at recent news reports gives a considerable number of examples such as the derailment and explosion of an oil-transport train in Alabama on 8 November 2013 or the Santiago de Compostela high-speed train derailment which occurred 24 July 2013.
The question the study aims to answer arises from this puzzle: why doesn’t the (watch) dog bark? Thus why, despite the presence of regulators in charge of monitoring and regulating human activities in order to avoid, cope with and/or handle the possible negative and unwanted outcomes of such activities, do organizational accidents keep happening?
In order to understand the way in which a multi-level regulatory network works, a theoretical-analytical framework is required which allows, on the one hand, different levels of government – national and supra-national – to be kept together leaving room for contradictions and/or overlapping. On the other hand, the need to ensure an in-depth understanding of the processes, interactions and coordination strategies shaped by such organizations as well as of the cultural-cognitive basis of such processes, interactions and coordination strategies, must be considered. The institutional logics theoretical-analytical framework satisfies these requirements. Institutional logics are “conceptual lenses” through which the regulating organizations see, interpret and represent reality. The logic concept bounds a set of cultural-cognitive factors – categories and associated meanings, rationales, legitimate ends – as well as structural-organizational components – processes such as legitimated means to reach legitimated ends and structures – shaping and shaped by the organization’s everyday on-going activities. The institutional logic identification allows us to distinguish which kinds of possible dangerous events are considered by regulators, thus if regulators can see the relevant mechanisms/factors contributing to creating a context prone to the accident’s genesis within the regulated organizations
An understanding of the underlying logic requires the in-depth analysis that only a case study research design can assure. The case selection follows the trends identified by previous studies about risk regulation mentioned above. Thus, some of the concepts and ideas developed here could in principle be useful to understand a broad and increasing population of cases: the population of risk regulatory networks. The case of the Italian railway sector has been selected. An analysis of the EU rail transport legislative framework allows the regulating organizations the analysis focus on to be identified: the European Railway Agency (ERA), at the European level of government; the Italian National Safety Authority (NSA); and the Italian National Investigation Body (NIB), at the Italian level of government. The analysis considers: different types of documents produced by the three regulating organizations – around 4,000 pages; 40 interviews conducted with members of such organizations; observation of everyday activities within each organization – for a total of five months. Once we have identified the institutional logics shaping and shaped by the regulators in their everyday activities, and understood the way in which the logics’ interactions affect the network’s functioning, we need to link the functioning regulatory network with the organizational accident genesis. Thus, we propose an analytical comparison between the identified logics and the mechanisms/factors relevant to the organizational accident’s genesis.
The analysis points out that:
• The regulating organizations located at different levels of government follow different institutional logics: the cost-benefit logic prevalent among the ERA; the standard logic prevalent among the NSA; and the possibility logic prevalent among the NIB. The three logics present different degrees of legitimacy, thus in their interplay one logic tends to prevail over others. Generally, the more legitimated one is the cost-benefit logic, thus the conclusions shaped by this logic’s point of view tend to prevail during interactions and discussions.
• The logics have a framing effect that focus regulators’ attention on certain events and, at the same time, filter out other events relevant from an organizational accident genesis point of view. This study indicates how the same organisational processes, methods of reasoning, assumptions and principles shaping and shaped by regulators’ actions and decisions in order to manage the possible side-effects of the regulated area of human activity, tend to divert regulators’ attention from informational input that is potentially relevant in order to intercept an accident before it happens. Thus, it is not just a deviance or functional lacuna of the regulatory activity that can lead to an accident happening without any intervention by regulators, but it is the actual ‘normal’ functioning of the regulators’ activities that can prevent regulators from seeing events that are potentially relevant in intercepting an accident before it happens.
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Soares, Tayla Borges [UNESP]. « Acidentes de trabalho em hospital público de alta complexidade no interior paulista : estudo das concepções de segurança ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/137844.
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As ações de saúde do trabalhador contemplam relações saúde-trabalho em toda a sua complexidade influenciando na promoção da saúde, prevenção de adoecimento, mudanças em processo de trabalho, prevenção de acidentes e solidificação da cultura de segurança. Para investigar estes aspectos em uma instituição hospitalar foi realizado um estudo transversal com metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa adotando como base teórico-metodológica a visão sistêmica das organizações de trabalho e o MAPA como instrumento norteador para análise dos dados, com o objetivo de compreender concepções de segurança no trabalho e a aprendizagem organizacional dela decorrente neste hospital público de alta complexidade do interior paulista. Como principal fonte de dados foram utilizados 441 registros de acidentes de trabalho ocorridos de primeiro de março de 2010 a vinte e sete de março de 2013, notificados em duas instituições distintas de acordo com os vínculos empregatícios dos funcionários. Houve ainda uma etapa de re análise do conteúdo das recomendações de segurança e das causas identificadas para os acidentes. Essas informações foram divididas em categorias semelhantes de acordo com conteúdo. Ainda na re análise os registros foram revistos ensejando categorização de análises como usos ou não das noções de análise de barreiras e de mudanças. A segunda fonte de dados utilizada foram entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com diretores dos dois SESMTs atuantes na instituição. Com base nos dados coletados foi possível identificar os acidentes típicos e ocorridos no período da manhã como sendo os mais prevalentes e ainda traçar um perfil da população que mais sofre acidente de trabalho no hospital, sendo esta, mulheres integrantes da equipe de enfermagem com idade entre 31 e 40 anos que trabalham em regime de turno. No que se refere às análises dos acidentes a abordagem tradicionalista foi prevalente. Em 65% dos casos identificaram apenas uma causa para o AT, o que indica uma visão limitada da complexidade do trabalho e ainda pouco mais de 51% fizeram recomendações de segurança para prevenir novos AT sendo que estas eram em sua maioria centradas no comportamento dos funcionários. 131 registros foram classificados como de uso da noção de análise de barreiras, 140 referiram análises de mudanças e outros 144 não apresentavam análise que possibilitasse uma classificação. A gestão fragmentada das ocorrências de AT e o andamento das análises são feitos de forma prejudiciais para o olhar sistêmico dos casos, visto que os AT ocorrem em um mesmo local de trabalho e são analisados por estâncias diferentes que não mantém fluxo estabelecido de contato. É possível então afirmar que o tratamento institucional dado às informações de análise de acidentes, no período estudado, não favorece iniciativas de aprendizagem para a organização e incentivo à cultura de segurança.
The employee health actions include health-labor relations in all its complexity impacting on health promotion, illness prevention, changes in the working process, accidents’ prevention and a safety culture establishment. In order to investigate these aspects in a hospital, a crosssectional study, based on a quantitative and qualitative methodology, adopting theoretical and methodological basis of a systemic view of the labor organizations and using MAPA (Portuguese acronym for analysis and prevention of occupational accidents model) as a guiding instrument for data analysis, was conducted in order to understand conceptions of safety and organizational learning resulting there from this public hospital of high complexity in São Paulo State. The main data source used was a record of 441 occupational accidents occurred from March 1st, 2010 to March 27th, 2013 reported by two different institutions according to employment contracts. There was a security recommendation and identified accidents' causes reanalysis - they were categorized accordingly to their content and reviewed by the existence of barriers and changes’ analysis.The second data source was from semistructured interviews with directors of the two active Specialized Services in Occupational Health and Safety in this institution. Based on the collected data, it could be possible to identify typical accidents and the ones occurred by the morning as the majority and a profile of who most suffers injuries of occupational accidents in the hospital could be traced - women from the nursery team aged between 31 and 40 years old which work on shifts. Regarding the accident analysis, the traditionalist approach was prevalent, 65% identified just one cause for the AT (acronym for occupational accidents), which indicates a limited view of the job complexity and about 51% provided security recommendation in order to avoid new ATs, which are mainly focused on employees' behavior) 131 records were categorized as using barriers’ analysis, 140 as using changes’ analysis and other 140 records were unable to be categorized. The fragmented management of occurrences of AT and the progress of the analyzes are made from harmful way to look systemic cases, as the learning organization occurs in the same workplace and are analyzed by different offices that do not maintain contact established flow. It can be inferred that the institutional treatment for accident analysis data, in the study period, is not conducive for learning initiatives and safety culture establishment for the organization.
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Soares, Tayla Borges. « Acidentes de trabalho em hospital público de alta complexidade no interior paulista estudo das concepções de segurança / ». Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/137844.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: Ildeberto Muniz de AlmeidaResumo: As ações de saúde do trabalhador contemplam relações saúde-trabalho em toda a sua complexidade influenciando na promoção da saúde, prevenção de adoecimento, mudanças em processo de trabalho, prevenção de acidentes e solidificação da cultura de segurança. Para investigar estes aspectos em uma instituição hospitalar foi realizado um estudo transversal com metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa adotando como base teórico-metodológica a visão sistêmica das organizações de trabalho e o MAPA como instrumento norteador para análise dos dados, com o objetivo de compreender concepções de segurança no trabalho e a aprendizagem organizacional dela decorrente neste hospital público de alta complexidade do interior paulista. Como principal fonte de dados foram utilizados 441 registros de acidentes de trabalho ocorridos de primeiro de março de 2010 a vinte e sete de março de 2013, notificados em duas instituições distintas de acordo com os vínculos empregatícios dos funcionários. Houve ainda uma etapa de re análise do conteúdo das recomendações de segurança e das causas identificadas para os acidentes. Essas informações foram divididas em categorias semelhantes de acordo com conteúdo. Ainda na re análise os registros foram revistos ensejando categorização de análises como usos ou não das noções de análise de barreiras e de mudanças. A segunda fonte de dados utilizada foram entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com diretores dos dois SESMTs atuantes na ins... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The employee health actions include health-labor relations in all its complexity impacting on health promotion, illness prevention, changes in the working process, accidents’ prevention and a safety culture establishment. In order to investigate these aspects in a hospital, a crosssectional study, based on a quantitative and qualitative methodology, adopting theoretical and methodological basis of a systemic view of the labor organizations and using MAPA (Portuguese acronym for analysis and prevention of occupational accidents model) as a guiding instrument for data analysis, was conducted in order to understand conceptions of safety and organizational learning resulting there from this public hospital of high complexity in São Paulo State. The main data source used was a record of 441 occupational accidents occurred from March 1st, 2010 to March 27th, 2013 reported by two different institutions according to employment contracts. There was a security recommendation and identified accidents' causes reanalysis - they were categorized accordingly to their content and reviewed by the existence of barriers and changes’ analysis.The second data source was from semistructured interviews with directors of the two active Specialized Services in Occupational Health and Safety in this institution. Based on the collected data, it could be possible to identify typical accidents and the ones occurred by the morning as the majority and a profile of who most s... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Mattson, Malin. « Promoting safety in organizations : The role of leadership and managerial practices ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-116691.
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Workplace accidents and injuries are a growing problem for organizations in Sweden as well as in many other countries. As a consequence, improving workplace safety has become an area of increasing concern for employers and politicians as well as researchers. The aim of this thesis was to contribute to an increased understanding of how leadership and management practices can influence safety in organizations. In Study I, three leadership styles were investigated to determine their relative importance for different safety outcomes. A leadership style specifically emphasizing safety was found to contribute the most to employee safety behaviors; transformational leadership was found to be positive for safety behaviors only when it also involved a safety focus; and a transactional leadership style (management-by-exception active) was shown to be slightly negatively related to workplace safety. Study II examined the role of leader communication approaches for patient safety and the mechanisms involved in this relationship. Support was found for a model showing that one-way communication of safety values and leader feedback communication were both related to increased patient safety through the mediation of different employee safety behaviors (safety compliance and organizational citizen behaviors). Study III explored whether and in what ways the use of staff bonus systems may compromise safety in high-risk organizations. The three investigated systems were all found to provide limited incentives for any behavioral change. However, the results indicate that design characteristics such as clearly defined and communicated bonus goals, which are perceived as closely linked to performance and which aim at improved safety, are imperative for the influence that bonus programs have on safety. Group-directed goals also appeared to be more advantageous than corporate- or individual-level goals. The thesis highlights the importance of actively emphasizing and communicating safety-related issues, both through leadership and in managerial practices, for the achievement of enhanced workplace safety.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript.
Livres sur le sujet "Organizational accidents"
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Managing the risks of organizational accidents. Aldershot, Hants, England : Ashgate, 1997.
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Conklin, Todd. Pre-accident investigations : An introduction to organizational safety. Farnham, Surrey, UK England : Ashgate, 2012.
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Hogan, Casamayou Maureen, dir. Organizational learning at NASA : The Challenger and the Columbia accidents. Washington, D.C : Georgetown University Press, 2008.
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Bashkatov, Aleksandr. Simulation of accidents on route transport. ru : INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1860140.
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The monograph is devoted to the study of accidents in the operation of fixed-route vehicles and the development of organizational measures that increase the safety of its functioning within the city. Based on the collected and systematized statistical data, an integrated approach to solving transport security problems has been applied. Within the framework of the study, mathematical models and methods for assessing factors affecting the accident rate of route vehicles are proposed, a statistical assessment of their significance is carried out and technological techniques for improving safety on highways are proposed.
It is intended for specialists of management services, dispatchers of transport companies, and may also be of interest to engineering, technical and scientific workers involved in the safety and organization of route transport in cities.
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Maritime risk and organizational learning. Farnham, Surrey, UK : Ashgate, 2011.
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The human contribution : Unsafe acts, accidents, and heroic recoveries. Burlington, VT : Ashgate, 2008.
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Tweedy, James T. Healthcare safety for nursing personnel : An organizational guide to achieving results. Boca Raton : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, 2015.
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Just culture : Balancing safety and accountability. Farnham, Surrey, England : Ashgate, 2012.
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Gill, Geoffrey W. Maritime error management : Discussing and remediating factors contributory to casualties. Atglen, PA : Cornell Maritime Press, 2011.
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1934-, Starbuck William H., et Farjoun Moshe, dir. Organization at the limit : Lessons from the Columbia disaster. Malden, MA : Blackwell Pub., 2005.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Organizational accidents"
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Minnema, Douglas, et Monique Helfrich. « A Susceptibility Model for Organizational Accidents ». Dans Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 14–23. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20497-6_2.
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D’Errico, Fabrizio, et Maurizio Dalla Casa. « The Analysis of Accidents Using a Multi-Level Approach : Organizational Accidents ». Dans The Sequence of Event Analysis in Criminal Trials, 79–94. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47898-1_5.
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Kulling, P. « Major Chemical Accidents : Medical and Organizational Aspects ». Dans Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, 643–55. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84734-9_61.
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Kaplan, Seth, et Lois E. Tetrick. « Workplace safety and accidents : An industrial and organizational psychology perspective. » Dans APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol 1 : Building and developing the organization., 455–72. Washington : American Psychological Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/12169-014.
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Pisharody, N. N., Kanchan Deoli Bahukhandi, Prashant S. Rawat et R. K. Elangovan. « Organizational Safety Perception Survey—A Tool to Identify and Correct Organizational Contributors for Industrial Accidents ». Dans Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences, 477–94. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79065-3_36.
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D’Errico, Fabrizio, et Maurizio Dalla Casa. « Multi-Level SEA Analysis for Tracing Criminal Responsibility in Organizational Accidents ». Dans The Sequence of Event Analysis in Criminal Trials, 95–103. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47898-1_6.
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St.Pierre, Michael, Gesine Hofinger, Cornelius Buerschaper et Robert Simon. « Organizations and Accidents ». Dans Crisis Management in Acute Care Settings, 279–98. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19700-0_14.
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Golding, Dominic, Jeanne X. Kasperson, Roger E. Kasperson, Robert Goble, John E. Seley, Gordon Thompson et Charles P. Wolf. « How will emergency response organizations be alerted and informed about the changing situation ? » Dans Managing Nuclear Accidents, 70–73. New York : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429037825-23.
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Zwetsloot, Gerard I. J. M., et Pete Kines. « Vision Zero in Workplaces ». Dans The Vision Zero Handbook, 1075–102. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_41.
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AbstractUnsafe and unhealthy working conditions contribute to more than 2.3 million deaths globally each year. Vision Zero (VZ) in workplaces presents the challenge to prevent all serious accidents and work-related sickness and disease. Companies and other organizations play a key role, in the development and implementation of VZ, and are supported by international organizations such as the International Labour Organization and the International Social Security Association (ISSA). VZ in workplaces has a long history and several roots, which explain the variety in its application. It is both conceptually and practically closely associated with the development of a broad prevention culture, focusing on the safety, health, and well-being of the workforce as an integrated part of business. VZ in workplaces has developed quickly since the Seoul Declaration (2008), whereby global occupational safety and health leaders and representatives of national governments expressed their will to create a worldwide culture of prevention. In particular, the ISSA launched a global VZ strategy and campaign in 2017, which now (in 2021) runs in more than 80 countries. VZ policies and strategies for both road traffic and workplaces are overlapping and can strengthen each other, as roads are an important place of work in many jobs. The implementation of VZ in workplaces should be regarded as a commitment strategy, based on genuine commitment of both top leaders and all personnel. It is important that VZ in workplaces is understood as a vision and a long-term ambition, not as a target. Proactive leading indicators are therefore more important for VZ than lagging indicators, such as accident frequencies.
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Zwetsloot, Gerard I. J. M., et Pete Kines. « Vision Zero in Workplaces ». Dans The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–28. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_41-1.
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AbstractUnsafe and unhealthy working conditions contribute to more than 2.3 million deaths globally each year. Vision Zero (VZ) in workplaces presents the challenge to prevent all serious accidents and work-related sickness and disease. Companies and other organizations play a key role, in the development and implementation of VZ, and are supported by international organizations such as the International Labour Organization and the International Social Security Association (ISSA). VZ in workplaces has a long history and several roots, which explain the variety in its application. It is both conceptually and practically closely associated with the development of a broad prevention culture, focusing on the safety, health, and well-being of the workforce as an integrated part of business. VZ in workplaces has developed quickly since the Seoul Declaration (2008), whereby global occupational safety and health leaders and representatives of national governments expressed their will to create a worldwide culture of prevention. In particular, the ISSA launched a global VZ strategy and campaign in 2017, which now (in 2021) runs in more than 80 countries. VZ policies and strategies for both road traffic and workplaces are overlapping and can strengthen each other, as roads are an important place of work in many jobs. The implementation of VZ in workplaces should be regarded as a commitment strategy, based on genuine commitment of both top leaders and all personnel. It is important that VZ in workplaces is understood as a vision and a long-term ambition, not as a target. Proactive leading indicators are therefore more important for VZ than lagging indicators, such as accident frequencies.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Organizational accidents"
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Conger, Dorian S. « Can Safety Culture Be This Important ? » Dans 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-31241.
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Organizational culture has been extensively studied since the 1950’s. The research consistently demonstrates that an organization’s culture has a direct and immediate impact on the behaviors of the people working within the organization. For many years, the culture of an organization was not a part of the evaluation process when performance deficiencies or incidents were evaluated. In some instances, organizations were even told specifically that such ‘soft’ issues were not to be considered. Now, it seems that the pendulum has swung completely in the opposite direction. Organizations are encouraged and sometimes even required to consider safety culture contributions to performance problems and accidents/incidents. Few systematic methods exist to evaluate the contributions of safety culture to incident and accidents as part of a root cause analysis. This paper explores several questions related to the importance of safety culture and how it can be evaluated and changed for the betterment of the organization(s) involved. Some of the critical questions are: 1) How is it possible that safety culture has become so important in evaluating the performance of an organization? 2) Whether in terms of deficiencies or accident/incidents — can safety culture be reliably measured, particularly during a root cause analysis? 3) If it can be measured, how can it be changed? 4) Does organizational culture change have to take years to accomplish?
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Schlesinger, Dave. « Organizational Culture ». Dans 2017 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2017-2247.
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Much has been said and written about the role culture plays in the safety performance of organizations across all industries. Understanding that accidents cannot simply be blamed on those directly at fault, this paper explores organizational culture and the part it has played in contributing to the cause of rail and other transportation accidents. This paper also discusses the pivotal role of organization leaders in setting cultural norms and priorities that either bolster or hinder safety. Structure, budget, mission statement, and values, which are established by leaders, all demonstrate the importance of safety to employees and others. At the same time, organizations focused on production run the very real risk of placing safety second. This is a particular concern with transportation providers who may be pressured to focus on performance and schedule adherence, at the cost of safety Recommendations for improvement of organizational culture are provided, with a focus on generally accepted best practices.
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Loutfia, Marcelo, Ildeberto Muniz de Almeidab et Rodolfo Andrade Gouveia Vilelaa. « Fire Accidents : An Opportunity for Organizational Learning ». Dans Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100174.
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The fire incident in Santa Maria, Brazil, where died 242 people, 123 injuries, repeated aspects already found in similar tragedies in other countries and showed the difficulty of learning with these aspects regard to accident prevention. The disaster occurred when a pyrotechnic component used by a music band emitted heat that reached the polyurethane ceiling, which ignited. This study aimed to analyze systemically the Santa Maria nightclub fire to describe different aspects whose interaction led to the accident. The assembled maps allowed us to conclude that there was an insufficient mechanism of action coordination for accident prevention. It was possible to show that besides the nightclub’s design problems, such as a lack of alternative unobstructed rescue routes, emergency signaling, agility in emergency response, other contributing factors were material weaknesses, lack of training of firefighters and first responders responsible for preventing injuries resulting from the burning of the coating material used for soundproofing the club. Accident analysis based on the AcciMap helped reveal the systemic nature of the complex network of causal factors involved in the fire at the club.
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Hailay Abraha, Haftay, et Jayantha P. Liyanage. « Human and Organizational Factors Contribution to the Occurrence of Major Accidents Using Offshore Accidents as a Case Study ». Dans Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100158.
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Human and organizational factors (HOFs) are important causes of accidents. As the design of technological equipment becomes more and more safe, the causes of accidents are more likely to be attributed to HOFs. The offshore drilling is, for instance, controlled by safety barriers that are dominantly dependent on HOFs. In a dynamic and volatile environment, every organization goes through a drifting process where the kind of logic of action taken depends on the contextual and temporal factors, the tightness of the coupling, and the complexity of the situation. The drifting process both affects and is affected by the management structure, the communication systems, the kinds of competence possessed, external pressures, and whether it is possible to comply with organizational procedures and whether these procedures are in accordance with regulatory requirements. These areas are important to examine to improve understanding of contribution of HOFs in major accidents. The knowledge and detail understanding of the contribution of HOFs to the offshore accidents provides new insights as well as practical guidelines for how to understand, assess and manage (potential) hazards and unforeseen surprises in a practical operational setting.
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Barbo, Matej, et Blaž Rodič. « Modelling the Influence of Driving Safety Aids on the Incidence of Traffic Accidents ». Dans Society’s Challenges for Organizational Opportunities : Conference Proceedings. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.3.2022.7.
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Several thousand motorcyclists die in the EU every year. Despite the severe risk of death and injuries, there is relatively little research on motorcycle safety, and standard automobile safety features are not offered for most motorcycle models. More than a quarter of all traffic accidents represent rear-end collisions, with motorcycles at a higher risk due to poorer visibility and driver protection. In this paper we present an overview of literature on collision warning systems and their influence on traffic safety, and the current state of our research on the potential impact of introduction of a rear-end collision warning system in motorcycles in the EU and thus its potential contribution to the EU "Vision Zero" goal: reduce road deaths to almost zero by 2050. To this end we have developed a hybrid simulation model of rear-end collisions using multiple simulation methodologies, including System Dynamics (SD) and Agent Based Modelling (ABM).
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Terabe, Masahiro, Naohiro Yabuta, Jun Kawai, Takeo Ohashi et Masayuki Nakao. « Organizational Applications of Failure Knowledge Management ». Dans ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84543.
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In and after about the year 2000, organizations have started to build databases of workers’ accidents, troubles in the production processes, and customer complaints to make positive use of such failure information. For quantifying such organizational applications and clarifying their problems, we developed a new worksheet, “Failure Knowledge Application Evaluation Sheet (FKAES)”, and conducted a survey by having members of the Association for the Study of Failure fill out the worksheet. Our research disclosed the following facts with organizations. They properly feedback failures that require action in the production and inspection processes, however, do not identify those that require action in the planning or development processes as failures because they have organizational causes rather than technical. Large corporations with 1,000 or more employees practice more applications than smaller ones, and some even publicize their failure applications to customers and stockowners.
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Khashe, Yalda, et Najm Meshkati. « High Reliability Organizing, Resiliency and Safety Culture ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002136.
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Complex safety-critical technological system breakdowns could pose serious threats for workers and the surrounding communities. These organizations are inherently complex and depend on the latest technologies to survive and function properly. Failures in these systems are rare but highly visible, making the consequence of such failures disastrous. To survive, a technological system must have the ability to respond to operational anomalies before any undesirable consequences, which the system seeks to avoid, can occur. As task uncertainty increases in complex systems (typical in ‘non-normal’ or emergency situations), the number of exceptions to routine operations increases, overloading the organizational hierarchy. To meet the new challenges, the organization must use another mechanism to sustain itself. The Presidential Policy Directive (PPD) 21, defines resilience as the ability to “prepare for and adapt to changing conditions and withstand and recover rapidly from disruptions”. Without understanding the vital role of human and organizational factors in technological systems and proactively addressing/facilitating their interactions during unexpected events, recovery will be a sweet dream, and resiliency will only be an unattainable mirage. A High Reliability Organization (HRO)is a resilient organization. These Organizations are a subset of high-risk organizations designed and managed to avoid such accidents. In this paper, we study the influence of HRO characteristics on safety culture, resiliency, and the organizations' ability to respond to unforeseen events.
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Sklet, Snorre, Arne Jarl Ringstad, Sunniva Anette Steen, Lars Tronstad, Stein Haugen, Jorunn Seljelid, Trond Kongsvik et Irene Wærø. « Monitoring of Human and Organizational Factors Influencing the Risk of Major Accidents ». Dans SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/126530-ms.
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Franca, Josue, et Erik Hollnagel. « Reanalyzing the FPSO CSM accident (2015) with a Human Factors approach to understand the contribution of organizational elements and complexities ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002628.
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This study presents a reanalysis of FPSO (Floating Production Storage & Offloading) CSM (Cidade de São Mateus) accident, occurred in February 2015, in the post-salt of the Camarupim fields, in the Espírito Santo offshore area, using the FRAM (Functional Resonance Analysis Method) methodology, and based on technical-scientific materials such as books, articles and reports prepared by the companies involved in the accident and the Brazilian regulatory agency ANP (Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis). The purpose of this reanalysis is to seek elements, factors, characteristics and interactions that could not be well analysed or evidenced using traditional risk assessment and accident investigation techniques, primarily designed to analyse simple and linear systems. In order to have a coherent analysis between the accident and the complex sociotechnical systems involved, the FRAM methodology was chosen, as it comprehensively manages to analyse from simple to more complex systems. And in fact, with this reanalysis using the FRAM, it was possible to perceive the influence of organizational elements, such as culture, in the entire accidental chain of the event. In addition, contractual pressures related to business, fear of hierarchical consequences and failures in decision making, at all levels, were also evidenced. The findings of this study highlighted the need of a broader approach for accidents involving high-tech industries, such as O&G and aerospace. In this sense, the FRAM enabled a more comprehensive and coherent analysis of the complexities of offshore oil production systems, notably in emergency situations, as was this accident. Comparisons between the traditional analysis methodologies, with the results obtained with the application of the FRAM, showed that there are elements contributing to the accidents that need to be considered, but that techniques limited to linear and simple systems still cannot cover this recognition. It was noticed that the greater the complexity of work systems, the greater the interaction and variability between personnel, equipment and systems, requiring, both for normal operation and for emergencies, analysis techniques and methodologies capable of recognizing the real complexities that take place in these sociotechnical systems, especially aboard offshore oil platforms at sea.
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Kongsvik, Trond, et Asbjørn Lein Aalberg. « Exploring organizational safety vulnerabilities on naval ships – a comparative quantitative analysis ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002510.
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There are several recent examples of major accidents involving naval ships. The starting point for this article is the collision between the frigate ‘Helge Ingstad’ and the oil tanker ‘Sola TS’. An investigation highlighted systemic weaknesses in the Norwegian navy related to safety competence safety management, and handling of goal conflicts. By means of a cross-sectional survey involving crews on Norwegian vessels (N = 9,344), we explored if naval ships differed from other ships on such aspects. The results indicated that crew members on naval ships had less experience and less confidence in their colleagues’ competence to work safety. There were few differences related to considerations of safety management and safety practices. There are approaches available that could supplement accident investigations in systemic analyses of complex sociotechnical systems.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Organizational accidents"
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Marsden, Eric. La relation contrôleur-contrôlé dans les activités industrielles à risque. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, mars 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/723uib.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This document concerns the regulatory oversight and governance of high-hazard industrial activities. A complex set of laws, regulations and institutions contribute to the social control of these activities, reinforcing and serving as a complement to the risk prevention mechanisms put in place by operating companies. This document focuses in particular on the relationship between regulators and the regulated entities and the impact of the quality of this relationship on industrial safety. The scope is the prevention of major accident hazards in different industry sectors (process industry, transport, energy), in France and at an international level. The document addresses a broad range of meanings for the term “regulator”, including the entities and people who play an official role in regulatory control and societal governance: legislators, control authorities, inspectors, as well as certified third parties with a mandate to control specific activities, and the internal risk control organizations within firms. This document aims to outline the impacts of the regulator-regulatee relationship, its contribution to the governance and control of major accident hazards, and the factors that determine the quality of this relationship and its capacity to contribute to safety.
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TARAKANOVA, V., A. ROMANENKO et O. PRANTSUZ. MEASURES TO PREVENT POSSIBLE EMERGENCIES AT THE ENTERPRISE. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2070-7568-2022-11-1-4-32-43.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the article, the authors consider emergency situations at the enterprise of the Joint-Stock Company “Scientific and Production Complex “Alternative Energy” (JSC “NPK “ALTEN”), consider measures to prevent emergency situations at the enterprise, readiness to eliminate them consequences. Compliance with these measures will improve the efficiency of the company’s industrial safety management system. The relevance of the research is aimed at an effective system of organization and management of industrial safety, which allows you to manage risks and helps to ensure favorable working conditions for the health of employees at the enterprise. A mobile emergency and emergency response system was created. The system can also be used for accounting and accident investigation, based on the use of corporate communication devices and applications for mobile operating systems.
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Chehata, Mondher. Comparison of Radiation Dose Studies of the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Accident Prepared by the World Health Organization and the U.S. Department of Defense. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, novembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada571634.
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The Copper T 380 Intrauterine Device : A Summary of Scientific Data. Population Council, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/cbr1992.1000.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Intrauterine devices are the most widely used of all reversible contraceptive methods worldwide. Modern IUDs are among the most effective and long-acting methods of family planning and are acceptable options for many women. This monograph presents highlights of the clinical performance of the Copper T 380 over eight years, including the latest data on effectiveness, expulsions, and continuation rates. It incorporates data from Population Council and World Health Organization studies, and work by scientists at Family Health International and in several countries. Clinical studies of the three models of the Copper T 380 have provided substantial evidence of the safety, effectiveness, convenience, acceptability, and long-acting quality of this IUD. The bulk of the material in this document presents preclinical and clinical performance, including mechanisms of action, effectiveness, outcome of accidental pregnancy, rates of expulsion and ectopic pregnancy, side effects, continuation rates, return to fertility, and lactation and IUD use. There is also discussion of the data on IUD use and pelvic inflammatory disease, and the importance of performing skilled insertions under aseptic conditions.