Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Ordinary heritage »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Ordinary heritage"
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Podder, Apurba K. « ORDINARY HERITAGE ». International Journal of Architectural Research : ArchNet-IJAR 12, no 2 (2 août 2018) : 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i2.1534.
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The motives behind the selection of heritage buildings for conservation are conventionally founded on an elitist sense of historicity and romantic nostalgia of the past. This paper argues that such an approach has a tendency to be temporally rigid, object-focused and exoticism-biased. Often many of the buildings selected as heritage are those built by extensive labour and expensive materials and patronized by the wealthy. Little, however, has been explored on the relation between heritage and aspects of ordinary life, where, in many cases, the latter continue to infuse meaning into the former’s present heritage status. This paper uses a non-participant observational lens to examine an old market tissue in Khulna, an ex-colonial city in Bangladesh and proposes a new notion called ‘ordinary heritage’. Ordinary heritage, as argued, relies on historically persistent socio-economic transactions of the common and the ordinary in their everyday and occasional pursuit for livelihood. These transactions of ordinary people, which are temporally non-static and evolving, take place within and around the architecture of the built environment, making the production of architecture to be fluid, dynamic and most importantly temporary. It forces architecture to constantly evolve, while negotiating the aspiration, needs, aesthetic and reasoning of ordinary subjects. Ordinary heritage thus manifests as a socio-spatial-temporal assemblage innate to an urban tissue that runs as a single organism.
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Jhearmaneechotechai, Prin. « Selection Criteria of Ordinary Urban Heritages Through the Case of Bangrak, a Multi-Cultural & ; Old Commercial District of Bangkok ». Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning 21, no 2 (18 juillet 2022) : 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.54028/nj202221209.
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This paper examines preservation of an old and multicultural commercial district of Bangrak, Bangkok through application of ordinary urban heritage, which is an alternative approach, but one which can fill a gap in the heritage conservation process. The dual objectives of this paper are 1. Introducing an alternative lens for considering the heritages of ordinary people in an urban context through the case of Bangrak in Bangkok, Thailand; and 2. Identifying selection criteria of ordinary urban heritages.
Bangrak, the study area, is an old commercial district of inner Bangkok that is characterized by diversity in the different groups who live and work there, their cultures, and their heritages. This paper studied four areas comprising groups whose members originated from China, India-South Asia, Western countries, and Thailand.
The ordinary urban heritages discussed in this paper are outcomes of identifying selection criteria based on the methodology of three processes: (1) theoretical reviews of vernacular heritage, ordinary heritage, and urban heritage, making use of AHD (Authorised Heritage Discourse) to distinguish “official” heritages identified by Thai government agencies, and the ordinary urban heritages of Bangrak. (2) analysis of historical maps, and (3) non-participant observational surveys to verify locations and appearances of ordinary urban heritages identified by the analysis of historical maps.
The selection criteria of ordinary urban heritages of Bangrak are outcomes of five factors: (1) The amount of time the heritage has been present in the area, (2) Heritages of ordinary people, (3) Repetitive appearance or cluster of heritages, (4) Ability to adapt to urbanization, and (5) Present-day existence of heritages in four areas of different cultures.
The ordinary urban heritages identified as the result of selection criteria comprise shophouses, urban patterns of “Trok” (small alleys), and sacred places in the communities. As buildings, shophouses are, per se, ordinary urban heritage from a physical aspect, and they are the centers of the commercial activities of everyday life. “Trok”, or small alleys, have been built by ordinary people, and they help form the particular urban pattern of Bangrak. Small sacred places represent a legacy of the beliefs of different cultures represented through their physical spaces and appearances.
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McIlwraith, Thomas F. « Mississauga : Heritage Management in an Ordinary Place ». Research Notes 13, no 3 (23 août 2013) : 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1018105ar.
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The management of the built resources in a city dominated by large numbers of ordinary structures and few landmarks of the traditional sort presents special challenges. When structures do not speak for themselves, citizens may be assisted by appropriate labelling, a procedure which can get out of control as the features which might be recognized are almost without limit. The city of Mississauga is used to illustrate the vital need for a heritage strategy in such places, and how such a strategy might be beneficial to broad city interests.
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Pielesiak, Iwona. « Managing ‘Ordinary Heritage’ in Poland : Łódź and Its Post-Industrial Legacy ». European Spatial Research and Policy 22, no 2 (30 décembre 2015) : 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/esrp-2015-0026.
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It could be argued that cultural heritage in Poland, like in other post-socialist countries, is losing its importance due to modernisation, and that its preservation is in conflict with new investment. The situation is caused by several factors. Firstly, free use of private property is often more valued than the care for historical landscapes, which could be attributed to the consequences of the economic crisis. Secondly, there are legal shortcomings in spatial planning and heritage conservation systems. Thirdly, cooperation among politicians, urban planners and heritage protection officers is not efficient.
Since the transition period of the 1990s, historic relics have been exposed to multiple threats. The following case study of Łódź illustrates the general need for a change of approach towards cultural legacy management, especially in reference to more common heritage elements which are not under hard protection.
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Karayazi, Sevim Sezi, Gamze Dane et Bauke de Vries. « Utilizing Urban Geospatial Data to Understand Heritage Attractiveness in Amsterdam ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no 4 (25 mars 2021) : 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10040198.
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Touristic cities are home to historical landmarks and irreplaceable urban heritages. Although tourism brings financial advantages, mass tourism creates pressure on historical cities. Therefore, “attractiveness” is one of the key elements to explain tourism dynamics. User-contributed and geospatial data provide an evidence-based understanding of people’s responses to these places. In this article, the combination of multisource information about national monuments, supporting products (i.e., attractions, museums), and geospatial data are utilized to understand attractive heritage locations and the factors that make them attractive. We retrieved geotagged photographs from the Flickr API, then employed density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm to find clusters. Then combined the clusters with Amsterdam heritage data and processed the combined data with ordinary least square (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to identify heritage attractiveness and relevance of supporting products in Amsterdam. The results show that understanding the attractiveness of heritages according to their types and supporting products in the surrounding built environment provides insights to increase unattractive heritages’ attractiveness. That may help diminish the burden of tourism in overly visited locations. The combination of less attractive heritage with strong influential supporting products could pave the way for more sustainable tourism in Amsterdam.
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Li, Linsen, Muyu Li et Ting Deng. « Research on Application of Digital Technology in Anhui Intangible Cultural Heritage Popularization Design-Take the manufacture technology of Huangshan Maofeng tea as an example ». E3S Web of Conferences 218 (2020) : 04021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021804021.
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Taking the manufacture technology of Huangshan Maofeng intangible cultural heritage in Anhui as a study case, this paper discussed the application of digital technology in expressing intangible cultural heritage science popularization, and proposed protection and inheritance strategies of intangible cultural heritage in Anhui based on information visualization and science popularization. By constructing digital communication model of intangible cultural heritage, it popularized knowledge of intangible cultural and the production process, making the intangible cultural heritage closer to ordinary people’s life, and offering a new protection and communication approach for intangible culture heritage, which applies to the development in this time.
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Sax, Joseph L. « Legal Concepts of Cultural Heritage Property ». RBM : A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 8, no 1 (1 mars 2007) : 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.8.1.279.
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Property is one of the most intuitively natural of all legal concepts, as anyone who has watched two children contending over a toy can attest. It is also one of the most useful. Without it, there could be no bank accounts, no markets, no inheritance, and no security in one’s home. Almost every material thing in life depends on the invention and elaboration of the idea and laws of property. The important qualifier is the term “almost.” We all know that there are the obvious exceptions where ordinary proprietary rules do not and should not apply, such as in human . . .
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Wang, C. H. « Using Remote Sensing Technology on the Delimitation of the Conservation Area for the Jianan Irrigation System Cultural Landsccape ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (13 août 2015) : 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-443-2015.
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In recent years the cultural landscape has become an important issue for cultural heritages throughout the world. It represents the "combined works of nature and of man" designated in Article 1 of the World Heritage Convention. When a landscape has a cultural heritage value, important features should be marked and mapped through the delimitation of a conservation area, which may be essential for further conservation work. However, a cultural landscape’s spatial area is usually wider than the ordinary architectural type of cultural heritage, since various elements and impact factors, forming the cultural landscape’s character, lie within a wide geographic area. It is argued that the conservation of a cultural landscape may be influenced by the delimitation of the conservation area, the corresponding land management measures, the limits and encouragements. <br><br> The Jianan Irrigation System, an historical cultural landscape in southern Taiwan, was registered as a living cultural heritage site in 2009. However, the system’s conservation should not be limited to just only the reservoir or canals, but expanded to irrigated areas where farmland may be the most relevant. Through the analysis process, only approximately 42,000 hectares was defined as a conservation area, but closely related to agricultural plantations and irrigated by the system. This is only half of the 1977 irrigated area due to urban sprawl and continuous industrial expansion.
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Tselishcheva, M. A. « G. A. Kubrina’s contribution to the development, preservation and popularization cultural heritage sites of the Altai Territory ». Field studies in the Upper Ob, Irtysh and Altai (archeology, ethnography, oral history and museology) 16 (2021) : 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2687-0584-2021-16-27-35.
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In the article, the author tells about the work of GA Kubrina at the Research and Production Center «Heritage» from 1992 to 2006, where she went from an ordinary employee to the deputy director of the center. For 14 years of work at the Heritage SPC, she has shown herself to be a high-level professional. Therefore, in 2006 she was recommended to work in the committee of the administration of the Altai Territory for culture and tourism.
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Wu, Zhicai, Jing Ma et Heqing Zhang. « Spatial Reconstruction and Cultural Practice of Linear Cultural Heritage : A Case Study of Meiguan Historical Trail, Guangdong, China ». Buildings 13, no 1 (31 décembre 2022) : 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010105.
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Linear cultural heritage is a unique and emerging type of large-scale heritage primarily located in rural areas. Despite the fact that much literature has concentrated on the importance of heritage to rural revitalization and development in Western countries, linear cultural heritage production has remained largely absent from accounts of rural studies in the context of China. This article aims to address this neglect by examining the spatial reconstruction process of the Meiguan Historical Trail. Based on the theory of the production of space, this article reveals the cultural practice of local ruling elites in mobilizing linear cultural heritage to promote regional competitiveness and how ordinary people question the official space reconstruction policy. The article finds that residents are obedient to government’s efforts, while tourists are suspicious of the superficial cultural restoration. The findings further deepen the understanding of linear cultural heritage production as a rural development location policy. In addition, as an important dynamic force, culture participates in the spatial production of linear cultural heritage, which enriches the cultural dimension of spatial production to a certain extent. The findings offer theoretical direction and policy recommendations for the development and sustainability of linear cultural heritage worldwide.
Thèses sur le sujet "Ordinary heritage"
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Chan, Ka-lam, et 陳嘉琳. « Ordinary heritage of the ordinary people : Hong Kong's public bathhouses ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4834459X.
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As early as in the late nineteenth century when bubonic plague was severe, public bathhouses had appeared in the form of matshed and accommodated in rental tenements by the government in the City of Victoria. With a view to providing a desirable public health environment, the first public bathhouse was constructed in Wan Chai in 1903, in which time the amended Public Health and Buildings Ordinance came to effect. Numbers of public bathhouses serving the poor working Chinese in the City of Victoria followed. Not until 1925 public bathhouses were built beyond the Hong Kong Island, constructions reached its peak during the post-war years of 1950s – 1960s. As at 2012, a total number of 28 public bathhouses are managed to survive in Hong Kong.
According to the statistics provided by the government reports, average daily attendance of a public bathhouse was high before the wartime. Today, though many members of the society find odd on their existence, they remain servicing in some older districts where poor housing accommodation still exists.
This dissertation aims at, by desktop study on the public bathhouse in urban Hong Kong (those on the Hong Kong Island in particular) and the referential instances of the development of public bathhouse in history and it in the Great Britain and the United States in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and the Imperial China (Chapter 1), to trace the development of the public bathhouse in Hong Kong, how it reflects the development of the society and the community (Chapters 2 & 3), to provide a list of inventory of the general design and basic information for those surviving on the Hong Kong Island (Chapter 4) and to raise questions on the cultural significances and the means of conservation of such changing (and disappearing) heritage item that relates to the way we live (Chapter 5).
The scope of the research is confined to the public bathhouses managed by the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department (The Sanitary Board and Urban Council as the forerunners) on the Hong Kong Island (7 nos. in total) where the first public bathhouse in Hong Kong was built and some long-standing ones still exist, meanwhile post-war constructions in various phases are available.published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
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Öhnfeldt, Rebecca. « Ordinary and Extraordinary : Heritage plants and their farmers ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385640.
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This thesis explores how Swedish farmers, who have chosen to farm with heritage plant varieties, motivate their choices and how they as a result of their choices view themselves as farmers. This is investigated against present and future challenges regarding food security and the loss of agricultural biodiversity and biocultural heritage, which, in order to be faced, will require a wider range of plants in cultivation. To find out why farmers make certain choices is vital if we are to make necessary structural changes within the agricultural sector. The farmers’ motives are broad and they are, based on the concept of hybridity, presented and analysed through the categories memory, identity and reciprocity. These motives are also closely linked to how they view themselves as farmers. The findings are further interpreted through the concept of biocultural refugia, which is a means of studying how certain places can harbour different species while simultaneously being an area for sustainable food production. In this thesis biocultural refugia represents how the respondents are part of creating and maintaining diversity within plant cultivation and its surrounding practices. This diversity will be required in order for agriculture to handle current challenges in a sustainable way.
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Schwerz, João Paulo. « Patrimônio e planejamento : aproximações a partir da paisagem de Agudo-RS ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/164043.
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A tese utiliza o conceito de paisagem para discutir questões relacionadas às áreas da Arquitetura e Urbanismo e de Planejamento Urbano e Regional, focando essencialmente na questão patrimonial. Assume como pressuposto que a paisagem enquanto construção social evidencia valores não usualmente considerados pela prática profissional, mas que participam efetivamente na criação e/ou manutenção de identidades, por isso essenciais para o êxito de projetos e planos em diferentes escalas de atuação. A pesquisa sustenta que tais valores estão presentes nas paisagens comuns, cotidianas, evocadas aqui como paisagens ordinárias, em contraponto àquelas porções de território tradicionalmente destacadas como patrimônio por seu caráter excepcional. O percurso da investigação considera uma aproximação filosófica histórica com o conceito de paisagem no ocidente, identificando vertentes estruturais para seu estudo, de onde derivam os parâmetros de atuação nas disciplinas em que a tese se inscreve. A investigação também discute distintos métodos de leitura e interpretação da paisagem de diferentes realidades, analisando seus contextos técnicos e administrativos para, finalmente, construir uma interpretação sobre as paisagens de Agudo, no Rio Grande do Sul, a partir de suas representações técnica e comuns, indicando outra perspectiva para as práticas profissionais diretamente envolvidas. Por fim, evidencia o papel decisivo das paisagens ordinárias na conformação de identidade territorial, requisitando uma postura mais ampla, integrada e ativa em relação ao patrimônio e à paisagem na área do planejamento urbano e regional e da arquitetura e urbanismo.The thesis uses the concept of landscape to discuss questions related to the fields of Architecture and Urbanism and of Urban and Regional Planning, focusing essentially on heritage aspects. It assumes that the landscape, while social construction, conveys values that are not usually considered by professional practice but that effectively participate in the creation and/or maintenance of identities, and are thus essential for the success of the projects and plans in different scales of activity. The research sustains that such values are present in the usual, daily landscapes, evoked here as ordinary landscapes, in contrast to those areas of the territory, which are traditionally highlighted as patrimony by their exceptional character. The investigation considers a philosophical-historical approach with the concept of western landscape, identifying structural frameworks for its study, from which derive the parameters of action in disciplines related to the thesis. The investigation also discusses distinct methods of reading and interpreting the landscape of different realities to finally construct an interpretation about the landscapes of Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul, from its technical and common representations, indicating another perspective for the professional practices directly involved. Finally, it shows the decisive role of ordinary landscapes in the conformation of territorial identity, calling for a broader, integrated and active attitude towards heritage and landscape in the field of urban and regional planning and architecture and urbanism.
La tesis utiliza el concepto de paisaje para discutir cuestiones relacionadas a las áreas de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, así como de Planificación Territorial, enfocando en la cuestión patrimonial. Asume como premisa que el paisaje en cuanto construcción social evidencia valores no usualmente considerados por la práctica profesional, pero que participan efectivamente en la creación y/o mantenimiento de identidades, por lo tanto, esenciales para el éxito de proyectos y planes en diferentes escalas de actuación. La tesis sostiene que tales valores son parte de los paisajes comunes, cotidianos, evocados aquí como paisajes ordinarios, en contraposición a aquellas porciones de territorio tradicionalmente destacadas como patrimonio por su carácter excepcional. El curso de la investigación considera una aproximación histórico-filosófica con el concepto de paisaje en el occidente, identificando vertientes estructurales para su estudio, desde dónde derivan los parámetros de actuación en las disciplinas en las que la tesis se inscribe. La investigación también discute distintos métodos de lectura e interpretación del paisaje de diferentes realidades, analizando sus contextos técnicos y administrativos para, por fin, construir una interpretación de los paisajes de Agudo, en Rio Grande do Sul – Brasil, a partir de sus representaciones técnicas y comunes, indicando otra perspectiva para las prácticas profesionales directamente involucradas. Por fin, evidencia el papel decisivo de los paisajes ordinarios en la conformación de identidad territorial, demandando una postura más amplia, integrada y activa hacia el patrimonio y el paisaje en el área de la planificación territorial y de la arquitectura.
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Fantin, Emmanuelle. « La publicité au passé : approche communicationnelle d'une médiation ordinaire du passé ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040155.
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Cette recherche interroge le geste de médiation du passé par le discours publicitaire. Il s’agit de questionner la force médiationnelle du discours publicitaire à travers sa capacité à faire d’une catégorie phénoménologique le levier de croyances culturelles naturalisées. Le travail de sémiotisation du passé repose sur la coordination d’opérations constamment soumises à un ajustement interprétatif, analysé à travers un corpus de publicités télévisuelles sélectionnées au cours de l’année 2012. La médiation du passé est étudiée par effet de porosité avec trois ordres instituants autour desquels s’organisent cette thèse : la mémoire, l’histoire, le patrimoine. Nous montrons en premier lieu que le discours publicitaire opère une actualisation et un figement de la mémoire culturelle à travers la production d’imaginaires du passé.Nous questionnons dans un second temps la qualification de ces imaginaires, et démontrons que le discours publicitaire est le lieu d’un infléchissement symbolique du passé : sa stabilisation le donne à lire comme un savoir historique. La dernière partie sonde l’acte de médiation opéré par la publicité. En interrogeant les liens entre publicité et patrimoine, nous questionnons plus largement la prétention de la publicité à faire culture. Ces trois temps montent ainsi comment le discours publicitaire, en tant qu’espace de renégociation ordinaire du passé, construit une prosodie singulière qui vaudrait pour savoir du passé, mais également comment les prétentions médiationnelles de la publicité servent le renforcement de son propre régime discursifThis research looks at the mediation of the past through the advertising discourse. It questions the mediational strength of advertising discourse through its ability to transform a phenomenological category into naturalized cultural beliefs. The work of semiotization of the past lays on the coordination of operations constantly submitted to an interpretative adjustment, analyzed through a corpus of television ads selected during the year 2012. The mediation of the past is studied by its effect of porosity with three institutionalized orders, around which this thesis is organized: memory, history and heritage. First, we show that the advertising discourse carries out an actualization and fixation of the cultural memory through the production of imaginaries of the past. Secondly, we question the qualification of those imaginaries, and show that a symbolic shift of the past takes place in advertising discourse: the stabilization of the past leads to understanding it as historical knowledge.Lastly, we explore the gesture of mediation operated by advertising. By questioning the links between advertising and heritage, we investigate more broadly the advertising’s claim to produce culture. Those three sections of our argument illustrate how the advertising discourse, as an ordinary space of renegotiation of the past, builds a singular prosody that would be tantamount to knowledge of the past, but also how the advertising’s mediational claims serve the reinforcement of its own discursive system
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Verguet, Céline. « La fabrique ordinaire du patrimoine : étude de cas en milieu urbain : le quartier de la Libération à Nice ». Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE2006/document.
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: « C’est mon/notre patrimoine », cette expression est caractéristique de la relation que la société actuelle entretien avec le passé. Qu’y a-t-il derrière cette énonciation et la pensée patrimoniale d’aujourd’hui ? Cette étude part de l’idée d’une actualisation du sens de la notion de patrimoine. Elle serait le résultat d’une nouvelle prise en charge par le monde social. Il semble exister une conception patrimoniale partagée par les personnes ordinaires sur laquelle elles fondent leur compétence « profane » à caractériser des objets de l’espace urbain. Chacun fabrique du patrimoine dans le quotidien de son rapport au petit monde qui l’entoure et, ainsi, lui donne sens. Ces bricolages sont des pratiques qui se différencient de la patrimonialisation en ce qu’ils ne relèvent pas des institutions. Les expressions d’une telle fabrique ont été observées auprès des pratiquants du quartier de la Libération à Nice, dans le moment propice d’un projet d’aménagement, sur fond de conflit patrimonial. Il a fallu dépasser les mobilisations pour accéder à la conception patrimoniale ordinaire et la saisir à partir de différents processus, à la charnière entre vision du monde et acte quotidien d’habiter. D’abord, celui de la représentation spatiale et temporelle du quartier propre à l’expérience que chacun en fait. Puis celui de la démonstration du caractère patrimonial de certains éléments par le biais de l’authentification et du plaidoyer. Enfin, celui de l’épreuve c'est-à-dire d’un ressenti patrimonial conduisant à qualifier des objets de l’environnement immédiat. Désormais le patrimoine de l’homme ordinaire se caractérise par la conscience de la signification qu’il a appris à lui donner: « This is my/our heritage », this expresses an element of the nature of the links modern society maintains with the past. What is the true foundation of this statement and the overall notion of heritage today? This study stems from the concept of updating what defines heritage in the modern mindset. It could arise from a new sense of responsability within our society. There appears to be a common perception shared by ordinary people on which they base their uninitiated evaluation of elements in their environment. Each person creates their "own" heritage drawn from their daily surroundings. These makeshift assembly differ from the institutionalised practice of acrediting an element as "true" heritage. The outcome of this mechanism was observed amongst active local people in the Liberation District (Quartier de Liberation) in Nice during an important stage in a development project, which resulted in a clash of beliefs about heritage. It became necessary to go beyond the standard conception of heritage and start from other angles, to the transition between general expectations and daily life. Firstly taking into consideration the spatial and temporal representations of this district based on individual experience, then by demonstrating patrimonial nature of these elements throught authentification and plea. Finally the last factor being simply the patrimonial sentiments towards objects in our localized surroundings. Henceforth, each ordinary person’s heritage seems to be defined by the awareness we have acquired of it and the importance we have learnt to attribute to it
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Pumketkao-Lecourt, Pijika. « Construction et évolution de la notion de patrimoine à Chiang Mai. Du monument national au patrimoine ordinaire de la communauté locale ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC1021.
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Depuis les années 1990, les mutations urbaines et architecturales suscitent une sensibilité accrue à l'égard du patrimoine urbain et architectural ordinaire. Celle-ci conduit à élaborer des nouvelles démarches dans le sens de la participation citoyenne aux projets patrimoniaux, face aux menaces de destruction pesant sur les quartiers et édifices anciens et comme alternatives aux positions des institutions officielles en matière de sauvegarde. La démarche participative prend en considération les ensembles urbains ordinaires associés aux pratiques domestiques et coutumières des collectivités locales, qui ont été jusqu'alors négligés au profit d'une vision nationale du patrimoine. Ceci marque un tournant dans la façon de considérer le patrimoine et de concevoir le projet patrimonial. Cette recherche vise à mettre en évidence la place du patrimoine urbain ordinaire et celle de la participation citoyenne dans la constitution du champ patrimonial à Chiang Mai entre 1990 et 2014, période de transition du pouvoir de gestion patrimoniale. Chiang Mai constitue un terrain d'étude éclairant et cet égard, dans la mesure où il y existe des dynamiques locales et un engagement fort des citoyens dans l'action patrimoniale.La présente recherche s'inscrit dans le champ des études patrimoniales critiques qui entend déconstruire des discours patrimoniaux hégémoniques des institutions étatiques et des organisme internationaux tels l'UNESCO. Elle interroge la pluralité des pratiques patrimoniales, des significations attachées à l'objet valorisé et leurs dissonances. En combinant des approches architecturale et socio-anthropologique, cette recherche met en place une démarche croisant analyse des projets architecturaux à vocation patrimoniale et l'analyse du lexique associé à ces projets.Considérées ici comme « tiers-espace » (Bhabha, 2006), les situations conflictuelles – suscitées par des projets en décalage, voire en contradiction avec les manières de penser et de faire des habitants – sont examinées pour leur potentiel d'innovation et de renouvellement des conceptions et des pratiques du patrimoine. Les controverses sont, nous en faisons l'hypothèse, des temps forts de concertation et de négociation qui rendent possible le métissage de visions et référents patrimoniaux hétérogènes, et l'élaboration des propositions singulières. Elles témoignent de la capacité d'agir des acteurs locaux, celle-ci se traduisant par l'adaptation de pratiques et de conceptions locales et par l'appropriation de dispositifs internationaux et sont à l'origine de discours et d'approches hybrides relatifs au patrimoine, adaptés au contexte culturel spécifique.Cette recherche s'intéresse ainsi aux mots du patrimoine qui sont issus de l'assemblage entre références locales et références internationales. Ces mots sont considérés comme indicateurs de nouvelles notions et catégories patrimoniales. Dans ce cadre, nous étudions l'évolution du sens du patrimoine, du « monument ancien » (boransathan) au « patrimoine de la communauté » (moradok chumchon), évolution qui correspond au passage de la politique centralisatrice de l'État thaïlandais au principe de la décentralisation de la gestion patrimoniale. Les mots révélateurs de différences ou les « intraduisibles » du patrimoine (Cassin et Wosny, 2016) sont aussi examinés à travers la réinterprétation locale des notions internationales de « patrimoine culturel matériel et immatériel ». Celle-ci rend compte du décalage entre les visions du monde locales et les notions internationales fondées sur la perception européenne du patrimoine, et la façon dont les acteurs locaux instrumentalisent ces notions à leur profit pour revendiquer le droit à la gestion du patrimoineSince the 1990s, the rapid urban transformations have raised much awareness about the ordinary urban and architectual heritage. This leads to develop a new approach towards citizen participation in conservation projects, aimed at confronting the threats of urban growth and defending points of view differing from the position of the national institutions. The participative approach takes into account the ordinary urban fabric and culture related to customary and domestic practices of local collectivities, which until then had been neglected at the expense of a focus on a national vision of heritage. This marks a turning point in the way of considering heritage and designing the conservation project. This research aims to examine the role of ordinary heritage and citizens' participation in the construction of heritage at Chiang Mai from 1990 to 2014, period of transition of heritage management power. In this framework, Chiang Mai provides an informative study site as there are local dynamics and strong involvement of the citizens in the conservation process.This research relates to the academic field of critical heritage studies, which intend to deconstruct hegemonic discourses produced by state institutions and international organizations such as UNESCO. It examines the plurality of practices and significance attached to the valued object, and their dissonance. By combining architectural and socio-anthropological approaches, this research sets up a twofold analysis of conservation projects and vocabulary related to these projects.Considered here as « Third space » (Bhabha, 2006), the conflict situations – raised by the gap and even contradiction between the project and the ways of thinking and doing things of inhabitants – are examined for their potential for innovating and renewing the heritage conceptions and practices. We assume that the controversy is specific time for dialogue and negotiations, that enables the hybridization of diverse visions and referents of heritage, and the development of singular proposals. This shows the capacity of local actors to undertake actions, reflected in the adaptation of local notions and practices and the appropriation of international apparatus, that generate the hybrid discourses and practices of heritage, adapted to the specific cultural context.This research focuses on the vocabulary of heritage, emerging from a blend of local and international references. We consider this kind of vocabulary as an indicator of new heritage notions and categories. In this perspective, we study the evolution of meaning of heritage which have been developed over time, from "ancient monument" (boransathan) to "community's heritage" (moradok chumchon). This corresponds to the shift from State's centralist policies to the principle of decentralization of heritage management. The words revealing the difference or the "heritage untranslatables" (Cassin et Wosny, 2016) are also examined through the local reinterpretation of international concepts such as "tangible and intangible cultural heritage". This shows the gap between local worldview and international concepts which are based on Western perception of heritage, and demonstrates the way in which local actors instrumentalise the international concepts of heritage for claiming their right to manage local heritage
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Leclercq, Jean-Luc. « L'ordinaire comme catégorie esthétique ». Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STET2174.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La thèse se centre sur une terre de Picardie, le Vimeu et porte un regard sur le paysage. Elle interroge le patrimoine vernaculaire et industriel et pour l’architecture, la prégnance de la maison. Ces recherches s’appuient sur plus de 20 ans d’intérêt pour cette région avec un corpus photographique et des archives personnelles. Ce corpus vient de toute une série de collections, un catalogue constitué de plusieurs classeurs.Cette thèse est une interrogation sur la valeur de l’ordinaire. Elle met en oeuvre la forêt obscure des signes dans une approche globale. La problématique esthétique se soulève par l’apprendre à voir, le regard sur toute chose, le sentir et le paraître. Elle ne concerne donc pas spécifiquement le paysage exceptionnel mais se préoccupe du peu, de l’infime et de ses habitants. L’ordinaire forme la majorité du territoire, contrée inconnue. Il n’y a pas plus habituel que ce paysage. Il est vulnérable et n’attire pas l'attention des grandes instances, car il ne porte que sur des enjeux sans profits. Je cherche à déterminer si la notion d'ordinaire accède au statut de catégorie esthétique.Le catalogue, véritable dispositif documentaire, rentre dans une démarche d’accumulation et d’archives proche de l’ethnologie muséale. Ici apparait toute la dimension artistique du travail. Il interpelle la mémoire, dans cette vision sensible des visages et des images multiples du paysage global où l’instrument s’affirme autant poétique que rationalisme logique. L'approche privilégie la raison poétique, esthétique, de l’ordinaireThe PhD centers on a place in Picardy, the Vimeu and considers the landscape. The PhD examines the vernacular and industrial heritage, and the pregnancy of houses, as far as architecture is concerned. This research is the fruit of a twenty-year interest for this region and relies on some photographic corpus, some personal archives, and a whole series of collections about the local vernacular.This PhD is a questioning about the value of the ordinary. It puts into practice the obscure maze of signs within a global approach. The aesthetic problematic is conjured up by learning how to look, by looking at everything, by perception and appearance. Thus, it does not specifically concern the amazing landscape, but concentrates on the little, the tiny, and its inhabitants. The ordinary constitutes the major part of this unchartered territory. Nothing is more common than this landscape. It is vulnerable and does not draw the attention of the highest authorities, because it only has non-profitmaking stakes. I want to determine whether this notion of the ordinary acquires the status of an aesthetic category.The catalogue which is a real documentary device is part of an accumulative and archiving process that comes close to museum ethnology. The entire artistic dimension of the work appears there. It appeals to memory through the perceptible vision of the various sides and multiple images of the surrounding landscape, where the instrument asserts itself as poetic, as well as pertaining to logical rationalism. This approach lays great store upon the poetic, aesthetic reason of the ordinary
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Ramaccini, Giovanna. « Perugia in particular. The architectural survey of simple elements in the historic city ». Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1129232.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La tesi sviluppata è volta a offrire un approccio analitico e sistematico dedicato al centro storico di Perugia, interpretato come organismo architettonico complesso, costituito dall'aggregazione filtrata attraverso la composizione di parti elementari. Il presupposto ideologico risiede nella possibilità di documentare l’identità di un contesto territoriale antropizzato omogeneo, a partire dalla sua scomposizione anatomica in componenti tipologiche semplici e dalla relativa analisi, nel tentativo di determinare il ruolo che esse assumono nella definizione del carattere figurativo della scena urbana. Infatti, se da un lato sappiano come intervenire nel caso di opere d’arte o di edifici monumentali, come comportarsi nel caso del patrimonio ordinario diffuso? È in quest’ottica che, anziché concentrarsi sulle emergenze, la ricerca indaga tendenziosamente gli elementi semplici diffusi, appartenenti all’architettura ordinaria, il cui carattere “monumentale” non deriva dal fatto di essere presenze eccezionali, quanto piuttosto dall’essere elementi ripetuti nell’insieme urbano. A questo proposito la ricerca acquisisce il metodo tipico delle scienze naturali, laddove le entità analizzate vengono organizzate rispetto alla similarità di caratteri generali. Procedendo attraverso l’analisi anatomico-comparativa, la trasposizione di tale metodo all’interno delle logiche proprie del rilievo architettonico e del disegno, consente di rilevare le affinità e le differenze tra i caratteri indagati, mettendo in luce ricorrenze comuni e peculiarità individuali./ The thesis developed aims to offer an analytical and systematic approach dedicated to the historical center of Perugia, interpreted as a complex architectural system, consisting of the aggregation filtered through the composition of elementary parts. The ideological premise lies in the possibility of documenting the identity of a homogeneous anthropized territorial context, starting from its anatomical decomposition into simple typological components and the relative analysis, in an attempt to determine the role they assume in defining the figurative character of the urban scene. In fact, if on the one hand they know how to intervene in case you are facing works of art or monumental buildings, how to behave in the case of widespread ordinary heritage? It's in this perspective that, instead of focusing on emergencies, the research tendentially investigates the widespread simple elements, belonging to ordinary architecture, whose "monumental" character doesn't derive from the fact of being exceptional presences, but rather from being repeated elements in urban set. In this regard, the research acquires the typical method of the natural sciences, where the analyzed entities are organized with respect to the similarity of general characters. Proceeding through the anatomical-comparative analysis, the transposition of this method within the logic of the architectural survey and of the drawing, allows to detect the affinities and the differences between the characters investigated, highlighting common occurrences and individual peculiarities.
Livres sur le sujet "Ordinary heritage"
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H, Winquist Alan, dir. God's ordinary people, no ordinary heritage. Upland, Ind : Taylor University Press, 1996.
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Lambert, Véronique. The Adornes Domain and the Jerusalem Chapel in Bruges. Traduit par Ian Connerty. NL Amsterdam : Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462989924.
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Bruges, middle of the 15th century. Anselm Adornes, scion of a rich patrician family, creates a magnificent domain in the heart of the city : an elegant mansion, beautiful gardens, several charitable almshouses and the spectacular Chapel of Jerusalem. It is a place that every right-minded resident of Bruges and every tourist must see. The history of the Adornes domain is truly remarkable, remaining in the unbroken possession of the same family for six centuries. It has survived storms and setbacks, the secularism of the French Revolution, the fury of two world wars and inevitable periods of disinterest. 'In this book Véronique Lambert allows us to share in the hopes and fears, joys and sorrows, trials and tribulations that mark the milestones in the Adornes family saga. Within the boundaries of historical interpretation and based on extensive research, she unfolds a fascinating tale of ambitious adventurers, charismatic personalities, flamboyant lords and ordinary mortals, but each imbued with the family's traditional willpower and energy'. Let yourself be enchanted by this fascinating piece of our cultural heritage, which deserves to be more widely known.
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Da Costa, Dia. Ordinary Violence and Creative Economy. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040603.003.0003.
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In this chapter, the global creative economy discursive regime is shown to be a spatially-differentiated and power-laden practice. Analyzing the ways in which heritage, creative economy and urban development have become inseparable concerns in India, Delhi and Ahmedabad, it shows that creative economy discourse relies upon and reinforces entrenched colonial capitalist structures of production and rule. Locating the emergence of hope and optimism, the chapter argues that creative economy practices replace, rebrand, and profit from rebranding older modes of governance and their ordinary violence located in class, caste, gender and religious relations. In so doing, creative economy practices aestheticize the profound and normal contradictions of contemporary capitalist development and democracy in India.
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Turri, John. Primate Social Cognition and the Core Human Knowledge Concept. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865085.003.0013.
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The author reviews recent work from armchair and cross-cultural epistemology on whether humans possess a knowledge concept as part of a universal “folk epistemology.” The work from armchair epistemology fails because it mischaracterizes ordinary knowledge judgments. The work from cross-cultural epistemology provides some defeasible evidence for a universal folk epistemology. He argues that recent findings from comparative psychology establish that humans possess a species-typical knowledge concept. More specifically, recent work shows that knowledge attributions are a central part of primate social cognition, used to predict others’ behavior and guide decision-making. The core primate knowledge concept is that of truth detection (across different sensory modalities) and retention (through memory), and may also include rudimentary forms of indirect truth discovery through inference. In virtue of their evolutionary heritage, humans inherited the primate social-cognitive system and thus share this core knowledge concept.
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Sutcliffe-Braithwaite, Florence. Class, Politics, and the Decline of Deference in England, 1968-2000. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812579.001.0001.
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This book examines class identities and politics in late twentieth-century England. Class remained important to ‘ordinary’ people’s identities and their narratives about social change in this period, but in changing ways. Using self-narratives drawn from a wide range of sources, the book shows that many people felt that once-clear class boundaries had blurred since 1945. By the end of the period, ‘working-class’ was often seen as a historical identity, related to background and heritage. The middle classes became more heterogeneous, and class snobberies ‘went underground’, as people from all backgrounds began to assert the importance of authenticity, individuality, and ordinariness. The book argues that it is more useful to understand the cultural changes of these years through the lens of the decline of deference, which transformed people’s attitudes towards class, and towards politics. The final two chapters examine the claim that Thatcher and New Labour wrote class out of politics. This simple—and highly political—narrative misses important points of distinction. Thatcher was driven by political ideology and necessity to dismiss the importance of class, while the New Labour project was good at listening to voters—particularly swing voters in marginal seats—and echoing back what they were increasingly saying about the blurring of class lines and the importance of ordinariness. But this did not add up to an abandonment of a majoritarian project, as New Labour reoriented socialism to emphasize using collective action to empower the individual.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Ordinary heritage"
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Rich, Sara A. « Hauntography of an Ordinary Shipwreck : Paradox, Appellation, Provenance, Apparition ». Dans Heritage and the Sea, 59–72. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86464-4_2.
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Gentile, Eduardo César. « Ordinary and not so Ordinary Theaters in Buenos Aires at the Beginning of 20th Century. A Study After Jose Maria Calaza’s Book Teatros. Su construcción, sus incendios y su seguridad ». Dans New Activities For Cultural Heritage, 54–63. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67026-3_6.
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Auclair, Elizabeth, Anne Hertzog et Marie-Laure Poulot. « The invention of the ordinary city as a heritage and tourist place ». Dans Tourism Dynamics in Everyday Places, 74–97. London : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003138600-7.
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Auclair, Elizabeth. « Ordinary heritage, participation and social cohesion ». Dans Theory and Practice in Heritage and Sustainability, 25–39. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315771618-3.
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« Tourism Values and the Becoming Ordinary of Heritage ». Dans The Making of Heritage, 166–92. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203751862-13.
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Šegota, Tina. « Creating (extra)ordinary heritage through film-induced tourism ». Dans Creating Heritage for Tourism, 115–26. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203701881-10.
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« CHAPTER 16. LANDSCAPES OF THE ELITE AND THE ORDINARY ». Dans Cultural Heritage and Tourism, 352–66. Multilingual Matters, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781845411787-020.
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Cooke, Steven, et Dora Constantinidis. « Investigating ‘ordinary’ landscapes ». Dans The Routledge International Handbook of New Digital Practices in Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums and Heritage Sites, 450–62. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429506765-41.
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« Views of the vernacular : tourism and heritage of the ordinary ». Dans Contemporary Issues in Cultural Heritage Tourism, 60–72. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203583685-14.
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Pasechnik, I. L. « Classification of ordinary development of Saint Petersburg in system of urban development regulation ». Dans Reconstruction and Restoration of Architectural Heritage, 85–90. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003129097-18.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Ordinary heritage"
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Valiante, Caterina, et Annunziata Maria Oteri. « The Role of Heritage Communities in Local Development Processes through the reuse of Architectural Heritage. Some Examples in Italian Rural Areas ». Dans HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage : Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.14304.
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Over the last three decades, various initiatives promoted by the European Union concerning the involvement and empowerment of communities in recognising and creating cultural values have flourished. They include, for instance, the Faro Convention, programs for ecomuseums and community mapping, and have contributed to giving voice to bottom-up initiatives for enhancing not only so-called monumental architecture but also "ordinary" architecture and built and vernacular cultural heritage. In general, this approach has also contributed to focusing attention on the importance of local communities in local development processes. In Italy, the so-called inner areas are often characterised by ordinary and vernacular heritage related to rural or manufacturing activities. In these small villages, some local communities, also thanks to the Italian National Strategy for Inner Areas, recognised reuse of part of the vernacular local built heritage as a strength for the community itself and the broader context. Some cases have demonstrated that valorisation of architectural heritage is possible without creating tourism-related facilities only (hotels, museums, etc.) but also creating services needed by "local" users that facilitate the everyday life of the place. In this perspective, attention should also be focused on heritage education and the intergenerational transmission of knowledge, which should involve the entire community at different levels, starting from experiences already in place in similar contexts. In this sense, a community can be intended as a broad concept, a constantly evolving process that includes the resident citizens and a broader network related to a specific territory. Through analyses of case studies, this contribution aims to propose reflections on the role of heritage community experiences in empowering vernacular architectural heritage and its wider context.
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Giandomenico, Manuel, Filippo Edoardo Capasso, Sokol Muca, Maria Carolina Gaetani, Sara Iafrate, Marco Bartolini, Ulderico Santamaria, Angela Calia, Emilia Vasanelli et Davide Melica. « RETOUCHING MURAL PAINTINGS IN HYPOGEUM : PRELIMINARY STUDY AND FIRST RESULTS ». Dans RECH6 - 6th International Meeting on Retouching of Cultural Heritage. València : Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/rech6.2021.13533.
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This study was carried out during the ICR conservation project involving two of the mural paintings of the Saint Peter and Paul’s hypogeum in Matera. Retouching mural paintings preserved in such a peculiar environment as hypogea is not an ordinary operation. In these contexts, relative humidity approximating to 100% makes hygroscopic materials less durable, favouring biological growth on them. In addition, severe climatic conditions can lead to a fast degradation of retouching materials. Watercolours, extensively employed for retouching mural paintings, are not completely recommendable in such humid environments, so a research was planned to find a compatible and alternative binding media. A study was carried out on laboratory samples to select the most suitable binding media among the following: two synthetic resins, Laropal A81 and Regalrez 1094, and two natural products, Funori and arabic gum. Each binder was blended with two different pigments. For each binder four different dilutions were tested, in order to find out how these factors could have affected the analysed properties. These products have been investigated in relation to their optical properties, wettability, vapour and water permeability, resistance to salt crystallisation and bioreceptivity. Some tests were repeated after an artificial ageing process, based on cyclical alternation of humid-cold and dry-hot exposure conditions. In addition to the laboratory tests, some in situ applications were performed. Amongst four binders, Regalrez 1094 showed the best results. Nevertheless, its bioreceptivity and applicability issues make necessary to continue and develop further research.
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Vartanova, Marina Lvovna. « The Importance of Forming a Value-Based Attitude to the Heroic past Of the Ancestors through Spirituality among Modern Youth ». Dans All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation. Publishing house Sreda, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-99074.
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The most relevant and useful for today's Russia and its historical heritage is, first of all, the tradition of the organic unity of our peoples, which was developed and postponed in the course of our history as a result of everyday exercises in justice, mutual respect and harmony. Despite the fact that every Russian people has its own traditions, customs, languages, and heroic past – together they make up a common heritage. To revive it, to always remember it – and not lose sight of it – is the urgent task of time. We must believe that the troubled times, poverty and disenfranchisement of ordinary people-workers, disrespect for the moral and legal norms of human society are a temporary phenomenon. Its elimination consists in a good, comprehensive preparation of every young person entering an independent life. Our research has confirmed the assumption that in the conditions of today's acute ideological struggle for the minds and hearts of young people, it is necessary to turn to the her
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Farina, Stefania. « Proposals for the sustainable recovery of dry stone buildings in Puglia, Italy ». Dans HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage : Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15638.
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Rural architecture in Puglia (south of Italy) is characterized by the mutual relationship between buildings and environment, typical of the spontaneous architecture of the Mediterranean basin. In fact, traditional rural buildings are an example of sustainable development, and their construction features respond to three fundamental issues: climate, building materials and morphology of the territory. Currently, the state of abandonment of the rural areas and the lack of awareness of their heritage have brought about irreparable degradation, followed by interventions incompatible with the identity of the territory. Through the conservation and recovery of sociocultural and environmental identity and the protection of biodiversity, the Puglia Region aims to protect and enhance the architectural and landscape heritage in a sustainable way with the implementation of a regional landscape plan. This study focuses on the small town of Ostuni (Brindisi), in the Apulian area of Murgia dei Trulli, known for its typical dry stone constructions. The different architectural typologies are examined and described, listing the intrinsic bioclimatic peculiarities of their components and specifying the different bioecological actions suitable for any kind of intervention: restoration, recovery, reuse, or even ordinary and extraordinary maintenance. The aim of the project is to develop guidelines for the sustainable recovery of different types of rural buildings in order to suggest minimally invasive technological systems, oriented to the use of renewable energy sources and the maintenance of traditional elements. The proposals aims to respect green building principles, using locally sourced bio-sustainable materials and finishes belonging to the local construction tradition. But also, merging traditional construction techniques with modern technologies and following the principle of "minimum impact" on the existing constructions.
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Mouriño, Helena. « Ordinal regression models to describe tourist satisfaction with Sintra's world heritage ». Dans 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2013 : ICNAAM 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4825899.
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Shobeiri, Sanaz. « Age-Gender Inclusiveness in City Centres – A comparative study of Tehran and Belfast ». Dans SPACE International Conferences April 2021. SPACE Studies Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51596/cbp2021.xwng8060.
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Extended Abstract and [has] the potential to stimulate local and regional economies” (p.3). A city centre or town centre has been recognised as the beating heart and public legacy of an urban fabric either in a small town, medium-sized city, metropolis or megalopolis. Within this spectrum of scales, city centres’ scopes significantly vary in the global context while considering the physical as well as the intangible and the spiritual features. Concerns such as the overall dimensions, skyline, density and compactness, variety of functions and their distribution, comfort, safety, accessibility, resilience, inclusiveness, vibrancy and conviviality, and the dialectics of modernity and traditionalism are only some examples that elucidate the existing complexities of city centres in a city of any scale (overall dimension) (for further details see for instance Behzadfar, 2007; Gehl, 20210; Gehl and Svarre, 2013; Hambleton, 2015; Lacey et al., 2013; Madanipour, 2010; Roberts, 2013). Regardless of the issue of the context, Gehl (2010) define city centres as interconnected with new concepts such as “better city space, more city life” and “lively and attractive hub for the inhabitants” (pp. 13–15). Roberts (2006) explains the notion of a city centre or town centre as a space “in which human interaction and therefore creativity could flourish”. According to her, the point can realise by creating or revitalising 24-hour city policies that can omit the “‘lagerlout’ phenomenon, whereby drunken youths dominated largely empty town centres after dark” (pp. 333–334). De Certeau (1984) explains that a city and subsequently a city centre is where “the ordinary man, a common hero [is] a ubiquitous character, walking in countless thousands on the streets” (p. V). Paumier (2004) depicts a city centre particularly a successful and a vibrant one as “the focus of business, culture, entertainment … to seek and discover… to see and be seen, to meet, learn and enjoy [which] facilitates a wonderful human chemistry … for entertainment and tourism These few examples represent a wide range of physical, mental and spiritual concerns that need to be applied in the current and future design and planning of city centres. The term ‘concern’, here, refers to the opportunities and potentials as well as the problems and challenges. On the one hand, we —the academics and professionals in the fields associated with urbanism— are dealing with theoretical works and planning documents such as short-to-long term masterplans, development plans and agendas. On the other hand, we are facing complicated tangible issues such as financial matters of economic growth or crisis, tourism, and adding or removing business districts/sections. Beyond all ‘on-paper’ or ‘on-desk’ schemes and economic status, a city centre is experienced and explored by many citizens and tourists on an everyday basis. This research aims to understand the city centre from the eyes of an ordinary user —or as explained by De Certeau (1984), from the visions of a “common hero”. In a comparative study and considering the scale indicator, the size of one city centre might even exceed the whole size of another city. However, within all these varieties and differences, some principal functions perform as the in-common formative core of city centres worldwide. This investigation has selected eight similar categories of these functions to simultaneously investigate two different case study cities of Tehran and Belfast. This mainly includes: 1) an identity-based historical element; 2) shopping; 3) religious buildings; 4) residential area; 5) network of squares and streets; 6) connection with natural structures; 7) administrative and official Buildings; and 8) recreational and non-reactional retail units. This would thus elaborate on if/how the dissimilarities of contexts manifest themselves in similarities and differences of in-common functions in the current city centres. With a focus on the age-gender indicator, this investigation studies the sociocultural aspect of inclusiveness and how it could be reflected in future design and planning programmes of the case study cities. In short, the aim is to explore the design and planning guidelines and strategies —both identical and divergent— for Tehran and Belfast to move towards sociocultural inclusiveness and sustainability. In this research, due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the studies of the current situation of inclusiveness in Belfast city centre have remained as incomplete. Thus, this presentation would like to perform either as an opening of a platform for potential investigations about Belfast case study city or as an invitation for future collaborations with the researcher for comparative studies about age-gender inclusiveness in city centres worldwide. In short, this research tries to investigate the current situation by identifying unrecognised opportunities and how they can be applied in future short-to-long plans as well as by appreciating the neglected problems and proposing design-planning solutions to achieve age-gender inclusiveness. The applied methodology mainly includes the direct appraisal within a 1-year timespan of September 2019 – September 2020 to cover all seasonal and festive effects. Later, however, in order to consider the role of the COVID-19 Pandemic, the direct appraisal was extended until January 2021. The complementary method to the direct appraisal is the photography to fast freeze the moments of the ordinary scenes of the life of the case study city centres (John Paul and Caponigro Arts, 2014; Langmann and Pick, 2018). The simultaneous study of the captured images would thus contribute to better analyse the age-gender inclusiveness in the non-interfered status of Tehran and Belfast. Acknowledgement This investigation is based on the researcher’s finding through ongoing two-year postdoctoral research (2019 – 2021) as a part of the Government Authorised Exchange Scheme between Fulmen Engineering Company in Tehran, Iran and Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland. The postdoctoral research title is “The role of age and gender in designing inclusive city centres – A comparative study of different-scale cities: Tehran and Belfast” in School of Natural and Built Environment of the Queen’s University of Belfast and is advised by Dr Neil Galway in the Department of Planning. This works is financially supported by Fulmen Company as a sabbatical scheme for eligible company’s senior-level staff. Keywords: Age-gender, Inclusiveness, Sociocultural, City Centre, Urban Heritage, Tehran, Belfast
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Masuyama, Yutaka, Kensaku Nomoto et Akira Sakurai. « Numerical Simulation of Maneuvering of "Naniwa-maru," A Full-scale Reconstruction of Sailing Trader of Japanese Heritage ». Dans SNAME 16th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-2003-015.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Numerical simulation of maneuvering of “Naniwa-maru" was performed to clarify the maneuver characteristics in particular with wearing operation. "Naniwa-maru" belongs to a type called Higaki-kaisen, and the Higaki-kaisen is a type of the more generic class of vessels named "Bezai-ship". Bezai-ship are typical Japanese sailing traders in the 18th to the mid- 19th century which have different appearance and construction from those of Western tall ships. The present paper shows the numerical simulation of her wearing operation, and the results compared with the measured data. The equations of motion dealt with coupled ship motions of surge, sway, roll and yaw with co-ordinate system using horizontal body axes. The numerical simulation indicates ship response according to the measured time history of rudder angle, and shows the ship trajectory and the sailing state parameters such as heading angle, leeway angle, heel angle and velocity. The calculated results indicated the ship performance very well.