Thèses sur le sujet « Onde cerebrali »
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Barbato, Alessia. « Oscillazioni neurali e memoria : analisi del ruolo dei ritmi theta e gamma in soggetti sani e schizofrenici ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23008/.
Texte intégralFaggi, Giorgia. « Analisi delle caratteristiche del ritmo alpha nei segnali elettroencefalografici in condizioni di occhi aperti e occhi chiusi ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21808/.
Texte intégralPERSICI, VALENTINA. « Neural entrainment, hierarchical processing, and morphosyntactic and rhythmic predictions in typical development, in Developmental Dyslexia, and in Developmental Language Disorder ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/277377.
Texte intégralThis work investigates prediction mechanisms and neural entrainment in children as the possible elements underlying both rhythmic and morphosyntactic processing. Both rhythmic meter and language are organized in hierarchical structures in which elements are ordered following specific rules (Fitch and Martins, 2014). Knowledge of these rules triggers compulsive expectancies regarding incoming material; these are assumed to be fundamental for efficient language and rhythmic processing and for reading (Guasti et al., 2017; Grüter, Rohde and Schafer, 2014; Miyake, Onishi and Pöppel, 2004; Persici et al., 2019). In this work we hypothesized that better hierarchical processing abilities in rhythm may transfer to the language domain, and that deficits in hierarchical processing may lead to language and/or reading disorders. To test whether abilities in making structure-based predictions correlate across domains, we investigated the abilities to infer the arrival of morphosyntactic and rhythmic material in groups of children with typical language development (TD) with or without musical training, and in participants with Developmental Dyslexia (DD). Results confirmed our hypotheses, as they showed better structure-based predictions in musician children than in non-musician TD children, and in TD children than in DD children. Results also suggested that efficiency of processing strategies improves with age. Secondly, we hypothesized that individual differences in strength of timing and content structure-based predictions may be the result of individual differences in the efficiency and precision with which brain oscillations entrain to auditory stimuli (‘neural entrainment’). To address these hypotheses, we tested the neural responses of TD children and of children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) in an experimental paradigm that was designed to elicit different metrical (hierarchical) interpretations. Results showed that all children were sensitive to hierarchical structures, and that individual differences in neural activity predicted individual differences in syntactic performance. Importantly, results also suggested that children with DLD might have atypical oscillatory activity in the gamma frequency band, which is important for hierarchical processing (Ding et al., 2017). In line with Fiveash et al. (submitted) and in Ladányi, Persici, et al. (submitted), we propose that neural oscillatory activity plays a key role in supporting the processing of both surface-level features and of syntactic structures in both musical rhythm and language, through an enhancement of structure-based prediction abilities; individual differences in neural entrainment will lead to individual differences in strength of predictions, which in turn will lead to individual differences in language and rhythm performance. The evidence presented in this work indicates that neural oscillatory activity gives an important insight into the language abilities of children and suggests that studying neural responses to rhythm in infancy may help predict the later development of language/reading disorders. Furthermore, our results suggest that musical training has positive effects on hierarchical processing, and that musical interventions centered on rhythm may enhance mechanisms of neural entrainment and timing, as well as hierarchical processing skills.
FORCAIA, GRETA. « Multifunctional Liposomes modulate Purinergic Receptor-induced Calcium Wave in Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Astrocytes ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/261943.
Texte intégralOur previous results show that multifunctional liposomes (mApoE-PA-LIP) reduce brain Aβ burden and ameliorate memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse models (Balducci et al., 2014). In light of these results, we assessed liposomes functionalized with ApoE-derived peptide (mApoE) and phosphatidic acid (PA) at neurovascular unit. In particular, we evaluated their activities on cultured human cerebral microvascular cells (hCMEC/D3), as an in vitro human blood brain barrier model, and on cultured astrocytes (iAstro-WT). By means of calcium imaging measurements, we aimed to study the intracellular calcium dynamics triggered by purinergic receptors activation. Our result show that the interaction of mApoE-PA-LIP with the hCMEC/D3 and astrocytes actively induced a modulation in the calcium waves duration of ATP evoked response. In particular, we find an increase of the duration of the ATP evoked calcium waves in presence of mApoE-PA-LIP in comparison to untreated cells. After the mApoE-PA-LIP pre-treatment also the area under the curve (AUC) is increased in comparison to controls both in hCMEC and iAstro-WT. Furthermore, we found that the pre-treatment with mApoE-PA-LIP in absence of extracellular calcium significantly increased ATP evoked calcium waves in comparison to controls. Also under this condition, the AUC increased in comparison to control. We also found that when the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) was inactive, due to its specific blockage with cyclopiazonic acid, both in presence or in absence of extracellular calcium, ATP failed to activate calcium wave also after a pre-treatment with mApoE-PA-LIP both in hCMEC and iAstro-WT. In conclusion, mApoE-PA-LIP modulate calcium dynamics evoked by ATP when SERCA is active. In light of the protective role of the purinergic receptor activation (Weisman et al., 2012), our obtained results would provide an additional support to promote mApoE-PA-LIP as putative therapeutic tool for AD treatment.
KHALIL, TOUFIC. « Etude prospective des variations des ondes de pression intracranienne, de type b, c et respiratoires lors de l'hemorragie sous-arachnoidienne non traumatique : 23 patients ; relation avec le vasospasme ». Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF1MS21.
Texte intégralLe, Feuvre David Edmond John. « Endovascular cerebral aneurysm treatment : one year radiological and 4-year clinical outcomes ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2884.
Texte intégralNelson, Bonnie. « One child's use of assistive technology / ». This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02052007-081240/.
Texte intégralVidal, Novellas Xavi. « Eficacia de las ondas de choque radiales en comparación con la toxina botulínica tipo A para el tratamiento de la espasticidad en las extremidades inferiores en pacientes con parálisis cerebral. ensayo clínico cruzado aleatorizado ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401658.
Texte intégralNelson, Bonnie E. « One child's use of assistive technology ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37322.
Texte intégralEd. D.
Theorin, Anna. « To select one hand while using both neural mechanisms supporting flexible hand dominance in bimanual object manipulation / ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå university, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-29805.
Texte intégralGlink, Lezana Alexandra. « Eficacia de un entrenamiento en neurofeedback de la onda cerebral alfa en el tratamiento del estrés, la ansiedad, la depresión y los síntomas psicosomáticos ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666192.
Texte intégralObjetivos. Estudiar el efecto del entrenamiento en neurofeedback de onda alfa en la ansiedad y depresión y su repercusión en la reactividad y recuperación del estrés. Método: 14 participantes (edad media de 37.85 años) con estrés, ansiedad y/o depresión; asignadas aleatoriamente a grupos experimental (N=7) y control de lista de espera (N=7). El procedimiento implicó 10 sesiones de 30 minutos de entrenamiento. Medidas: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale y Listado de Síntomas Breve; y registro de amplitud de onda alfa y frecuencia cardíaca en tres fases (Basal, Reactividad y Recuperación) en el pre y post-test. Resultados: Reducción de ansiedad, depresión y síntomas psicosomáticos después del entrenamiento. La amplitud de onda alfa incrementó y la frecuencia cardíaca disminuyó en las fases de reactividad y recuperación después del entrenamiento. Conclusiones: El entrenamiento produce una reducción de las variables clínicas y un efecto positivo en la reactividad y recuperación del estrés.
Chen, Shu Chi, et 陳樞淇. « The cerebral cortex activation by one-channel and two-channel listening:pure tone ». Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24476877993811286627.
Texte intégralKarlsson, Petra A. « Assistive technology in the classroom for students with cerebral palsy : "the team approach, the number one key to making it successful" ». Thesis, 2014. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/uws:29963.
Texte intégralFernández, Corazza Mariano. « Procesamiento de señales de tomografía de impedancia eléctrica para el estudio de la actividad cerebral ». Tesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/45012.
Texte intégralElectrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a technique to estimate the electrical conductivity of an object. It consists in the application of an electric current on its boundary and the measurement of the resulting electric potential with a sensor array. In clinical practise, it is considered as a potential diagnostic tool characterized by its portability and relatively low cost. While it is still in a development stage, it is starting to be used in health centers to characterize the cardio-respiratory system. In turn, there is an increasing interest of EIT in neuroscience. For example, EIT can be used to estimate the electrical conductivity of the main tissues of the head as a set of a relatively low number of parameters, which is known as bounded or parametric EIT. This is useful for several medical imaging techniques that require realistic and accurate virtual models of the head. EIT can also be used to generate a map of the internal distribution of the electrical conductivity, known as the reconstruction problem. Tracking conductivity changes inside the head is of great interest as they may be related to neuronal activity, epileptic foci, acute stroke, or tumors. Both modalities of EIT require the solution of the EIT forward problem (FP), i.e., the computation of the electric potential distribution due to current injection on the scalp assuming that the electrical conductivity is known. The transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is another technique which is physically very similar to EIT. It consists in injecting a small electric current in a convenient way such that it stimulates specific neuronal populations, increasing or decreasing their firing rate. It is considered as an alternative to psychoactive drugs in the treatment of brain disorders such as epilepsy or depression. This thesis describes the development and analysis of new methods for EIT FP, parametric EIT, reconstruction in EIT, and tDCS, focusing primarily (although not exclusively) in applications to human head. We first describe analytical and numerical approaches for the EIT FP, where the numerical approach is based on the finite element method. Then, we develop a new procedure to solve the EIT FP based on the electroencephalography (EEG) FP formulation, which results in computational advantages. We propose a new method to determine the waveform of the electric current source such that the neuronal activity of the brain can be neglected with the smallest possible number of time samples. In parametric EIT, we use the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) to determine convenient electrode pairs for the current injection and theoretical limits in the estimation of the electrical conductivity of the main tissues of the head, which we model as isotropic and anisotropic. We propose the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to estimate these conductivities and we test it with simulated and real EIT measurements, showing that the MLE performs close to the CRB. We adapt the sLORETA algorithm to the reconstruction problem in EIT. This algorithm is being widely used in the source localization problem in EEG. We also slightly modify it to include the Laplace smoothing prior in the solution. Likewise, we introduce the use of adaptive spatial filters in the localization of conductivity changes and the estimation of its time courses from EIT measurements. The results show improvements over typical EIT algorithms. These improvements may benefit the early detection of acute strokes and the localization of neuronal activity using EIT. In tDCS, we develop a new algorithm to determine convenient current injection patterns. It is based on the reciprocity principle and considers hardware and safety constraints. Our simulation results show that this method performs similarly to other commonly used algorithms that require more complex and costly equipments. The methods we develop and study in this thesis are compared with pre-existing methods and are validated through numerical simulations, measurements on phantoms and, according to the experimental possibilities and bioethical principles, humans.
Laflamme, Hugo. « L’influence de la stratégie de navigation dans un environnement virtuel sur l’activité cérébrale en EEG ». Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22225.
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