Thèses sur le sujet « Onde calcio »
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FORCAIA, GRETA. « Multifunctional Liposomes modulate Purinergic Receptor-induced Calcium Wave in Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Astrocytes ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/261943.
Texte intégralOur previous results show that multifunctional liposomes (mApoE-PA-LIP) reduce brain Aβ burden and ameliorate memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse models (Balducci et al., 2014). In light of these results, we assessed liposomes functionalized with ApoE-derived peptide (mApoE) and phosphatidic acid (PA) at neurovascular unit. In particular, we evaluated their activities on cultured human cerebral microvascular cells (hCMEC/D3), as an in vitro human blood brain barrier model, and on cultured astrocytes (iAstro-WT). By means of calcium imaging measurements, we aimed to study the intracellular calcium dynamics triggered by purinergic receptors activation. Our result show that the interaction of mApoE-PA-LIP with the hCMEC/D3 and astrocytes actively induced a modulation in the calcium waves duration of ATP evoked response. In particular, we find an increase of the duration of the ATP evoked calcium waves in presence of mApoE-PA-LIP in comparison to untreated cells. After the mApoE-PA-LIP pre-treatment also the area under the curve (AUC) is increased in comparison to controls both in hCMEC and iAstro-WT. Furthermore, we found that the pre-treatment with mApoE-PA-LIP in absence of extracellular calcium significantly increased ATP evoked calcium waves in comparison to controls. Also under this condition, the AUC increased in comparison to control. We also found that when the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) was inactive, due to its specific blockage with cyclopiazonic acid, both in presence or in absence of extracellular calcium, ATP failed to activate calcium wave also after a pre-treatment with mApoE-PA-LIP both in hCMEC and iAstro-WT. In conclusion, mApoE-PA-LIP modulate calcium dynamics evoked by ATP when SERCA is active. In light of the protective role of the purinergic receptor activation (Weisman et al., 2012), our obtained results would provide an additional support to promote mApoE-PA-LIP as putative therapeutic tool for AD treatment.
Aymer, de la Chevalerie Dominique. « Interaction onde de choc-couche limite modélisation et calcul ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595581g.
Texte intégralHathouti, Abdelhadi. « Calcul des champs dans les fours micro-ondes ». Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT024H.
Texte intégralGABER, OUSSAMA. « Ondes de choc supersoniques et calcul formel ». Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066563.
Texte intégralPeyraut, François. « Calcul et visualisation de l'amortissement d'une onde harmonique dans un multicouche viscoelastique ». Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066609.
Texte intégralEscande, Béatrice. « Modélisation de l'interaction onde de choc/couche limite turbulente comparaison calcul-expérience ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375974105.
Texte intégralMora, Frédéric. « Visibilité polygone à polygone : calcul, représentation, application ». Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2292.
Texte intégralThis thesis addresses the visibility computation between two polygons and its representation. We bring up the potential of this information to solve difficult problems in image synthesis and in electromagnetic waves propagation. We present a new algorithm for the visibility computation in the Plücker space. In comparison to previous methods, it reduces the time computation and the memory requirements. In image synthesis, we use the computed information to design a new solution for the analytic computation of soft shadows. This solution is both accurate and fast in comparison with stochastic approaches. In electromagnetic waves propagation, we present the first ray based model optimisation without path lost. This optimisation allows to perform accurate simulations on significant environments
Dupont, Geneviève. « Modélisation des oscillations et des ondes de calcium intracellulaire ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212822.
Texte intégralBruyant, Jean Paul. « Calcul de la diffraction d'une onde plane par une paroi diélectrique à surface rainurée ». Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10627.
Texte intégralKAHAN, MICHEL. « Approches stochastiques pour le calcul des ponts aux séismes ». Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENPC9609.
Texte intégralDéchamps, Nicolas. « Méthodes numériques appliquées au calcul de la diffusion d'une onde électromagnétique par des interfaces rugueuses monodimensionnelles ». Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2071.
Texte intégralWe study the scattering of an electromagnetic field by one rough surface or by a stack of two rough surfaces ; our aim is to solve exactly this problem, by means of numerical methods. We consider the case of monodimensional surfaces separating homogeneous media and we deal with integral methods. The integral equations are reduced to a linear system using the method of moments. For the case of a single surface, in order to solve efficiently this system, we study and implement several recent fast methods. For the case of two surfaces, we develop a fast method, able to solve huge problems. The established equation involves a matrix which is characteristic of the layer. An iterative solution is obtained by a series expansion, leading to an exact result when a validity condition is fulfilled. The iterates of the method can be seen as the contributions of multi-scattered fields, successively reflected inside the layer. Our method is validated by comparison to results from literature
De, Doncker Philippe. « Application des potentiels au calcul de la diffraction des ondes électromagnétiques ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/215119.
Texte intégralGonzatto, Renan. « Aplicação superficial de calcário : até onde migram e até quando persistem os efeitos no perfil do solo ? » Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5626.
Texte intégralSoil acidity is a major limiting factor in crop production. The low solubility of lime is a critical limitation which restricts its dissolution as well as neutralization of soil acidity in the vicinity of its particles. This study aimed to monitor the lime vertical movement and its persistence effects along the soil profile and also to evaluate the influence of lime application methods on the re-acidification process in a long term. Two field experiments were installed in the experimental field area of the Federal University of Santa Maria. The first was installed on a Rhodic Paleudalf soil, and last tillage was carried out on April, 1988 with lime application to increase the 0-20 cm soil layer pH up to 6.0 and thereafter adopted as no-tillage system (NTS). In October 1994, a need for reapplication of lime (3.6 Mg ha-1) was noticed. Therefore, it was decided to install the experiment under following treatments: no lime; a full dose in 1994; a half dose (applied in 1994, 1996 and 1998) and a third dose (applied in 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 and 1998) in total 0, 3.6, 5.4 and 6.0 Mg ha-1, respectively. The second study was carried out on a Hapludalf under natural pasture with high potential acidity. The main plot consisted of liming, surface or mixed, while the subplots of lime (October 1994) were: 0.0; 2.0; 8.5 and 17.0 (recommended dose to raise pH up to 6.0) Mg ha-1. The dose of 2 Mg ha-1 was surface reapplication during years 1996, 1998 and 2000, with a total of 8 Mg ha-1. In both experiments, in October 2006 and 2012 i.e., after 144 and 216 months of experiment installation, a trench for each plot was developed and soil sample were collected at each 1cm form 1 to 10 cm depth, at each 2.5 cm from 10 to 25 cm depth, at each 5 cm from 25 to 50 cm depth and last from 50 to 60 cm soil layer. In each soil layer, certain chemical attributes were monitored which were associated to the soil acidity. The results showed that even after 24 years of without reapplication of limestone, the release of exchangeable Al and increased potential soil acidity was not enough to reach the levels of soil acidity near to those values observed for the soil (control) in its natural condition. The Liming promotes the formation of an alkalizing medium on the soil surface that slowly advanced to the deeper layers of the soil profile thus softening the acidity of the soil up to 60 cm depth. Lime incorporation accelerated these reaction and thus neutralizing soil acidity rapidly in the layer where the soil was mobilized. The deeper layers where incorporation of lime was not conducted, the remaining products of the dissolution of limestone slowly migrate to the deeper layers of the soil profile in a similar fashion to what occurs when limestone is applied to the soil surface without incorporation. Liming followed by mixing prior to the adoption of the NTS ensures that the soil, especially in subsoil do not present constraints to the development of the root system of plants. So it is concluded that the soil acidity as a result of re-acidification process can be easily neutralized by liming.
A acidez do solo é um dos principais fatores limitantes na produção agrícola. A baixa solubilidade do calcário e a limitação espacial de sua dissolução restringem à neutralização da acidez do solo no entorno de onde estão suas partículas. O presente trabalho objetivou monitorar a migração e a persistência dos efeitos do calcário no perfil do solo em função de métodos de aplicação perante o processo de reacidificação em longo prazo. Dois experimentos de campo instalados na área da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria serviram como base de estudo do presente trabalho. O primeiro deles, instalado num Argissolo Vermelho distrófico arênico, no qual foi feita a última mobilização do solo em abril de 1988 com aplicação de calcário para a elevação do pH do solo da camada de 0 20 cm a 6,0 e foi adotado sistema plantio direto (SPD). Em outubro de 1994, constatou-se necessidade de reaplicação de calcário (3,6Mg ha 1). Optou-se, então, pela instalação do experimento, cujos tratamentos consistiram numa testemunha sem calcário; a dose integral em 1994; a metade da dose (1994, 1996 e 1998) e um terço da dose (1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 e 1998), totalizando 0, 3,6, 5,4 e 6,0 Mg ha 1, respectivamente. O segundo estudo foi instalado num Argissolo Acinzentado distrófico plíntico sob pastagem natural com elevada acidez potencial. A parcela principal constituiu-se da aplicação de calcário, superficial ou incorporado, enquanto as subparcelas, das doses de calcário (outubro de 1994) que foram de: 0,0; 2,0; 8,5 e 17,0 (dose recomendada para pH 6,0) Mg ha-1. A dose de 2 Mg ha-1foi reaplicada em 1996, 1998 e 2000, sempre na superfície, totalizando 8 Mg ha-1. Nos dois experimentos, em outubro de 2006 e 2012, aos 144 e 216 meses após sua instalação, numa trincheira por parcela, coletaram-se amostras de solo em camadas de 1 cm até os 10 cm de profundidade, de 2,5 cm até os 25 cm, de 5 cm até os 50 cm e da camada de 50-60 cm, nas quais foram determinados os atributos químicos relacionados a acidez do solo. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que mesmo após 24 anos sem reaplicar calcário, a liberação de Al trocável e o aumento da acidez potencial não foi suficiente para atingir patamares de acidez próximos dos observados para o solo em sua condição natural. A aplicação superficial de calcário promove a formação de uma frente alcalinizante a partir da superfície do solo que avança lentamente às camadas mais profundas do perfil do solo amenizando a acidez do solo até os 60 cm de profundidade. A incorporação do calcário acelera a sua reação no solo e neutralização da acidez ocorre rapidamente na camada em que o solo foi mobilizado. Abaixo da profundidade de incorporação, o restante dos produtos da dissolução do calcário que não reagiram, migram lentamente para camadas mais profundas do perfil do solo similarmente ao que ocorre quando o calcário é aplicado na superfície, sem incorporação. A aplicação de calcário seguida de incorporação previamente à adoção do SPD é a garantia que o solo, especialmente nas camadas subsuperficias, não apresentará restrições ao desenvolvimento do sistema radicular das plantas. A acidez do solo proveniente da reacidificação do solo é facilmente neutralizada pela calagem superficial.
Pujols, Agnès. « Equations intégrales espace-temps pour le système de Maxwell : application au calcul de la surface équivalente radar ». Bordeaux 1, 1991. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01701019.
Texte intégralKubické, Gildas. « Contribution au calcul de la diffusion d'une onde électromagnétique par des réflecteurs polyédriques au-dessus d'une surface rugueuse ». Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2026.
Texte intégralThis work's topic is the electromagnetic wave scattering from polyhedral reflectors located above a rough surface. First, the study is focused on the scattering from a monodimensional rough surface (2D case) and the problem is solved exactly by means of fast numerical methods. For the scalar problem, the scattering from the reflector, assimilated to a cross-shaped object, is then investigated. The Method of Moments is used as a benchmark method to validate the asymptotic analytic model based on the Physical Optics and the Geometrical Optics approximations. A rigorous formalism for a bidimensional scene composed by a scatterer located above a rough surface is then used. The fast numerical methods used for the case of a rough surface without the object can be applied by means of an iterative solution using series expansion. In order to decrease the complexity of this new numerical method, Physical Optics is applied on the cross. The hybrid model is then compared with the benchmark method for maritime scenarios. Then, an analytic asymptotic model, similar to the one proposed for the cross for the 2D case, is developped in the 3D case for the diffraction from a polyhedral reflector in free space. Finally, the validity of this model is discussed and intrinsec properties of the reflectors are underlined
Jean, Magali. « Diffraction d'une onde électromagnétique par un plasma turbulent : application au calcul de la Surface Equivalente Radar de sillages ». Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10579.
Texte intégralPoisson, Olivier. « Calcul des pôles de résonance associés à la diffraction d'ondes acoustiques et élastiques par un obstacle en dimension 2 ». Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090018.
Texte intégralAubard, Guillaume. « Simulation des grandes échelles des instationnarités basses fréquences d'une interaction onde de choc couche limite sur plaque planeTexte imprimé ». Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENAM0019.
Texte intégralShock wave / turbulent boundary layer interactions arising on aeronautical vehicles are prone to unsteadiness with a low frequency of few hundred Hertz, which can induce severe aerodynamic loads. The present study is done in the framework of the ANR project SPICEX, which deals with the numerical modeling of these low-frequency phenomena. The unsteady dynamics of a shock wave / turbulent boundary layer interaction (SWTBLI) on a flat plate is investigated. A numerical tool based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is developed for the compressible regime. In particular, efficient strategies for shock capturing and turbulent inflow generation are implemented. A particular attention is devoted to the validation of the present algorithms, notably concerning the LES models. Turbulent boundary layer and SWTBLI simulations are conducted, and give confidence in the present numerical strategy. LES of an unsteady SWTBLI covering dozens of low-frequency cycles is performed. The results suggest that the low-frequency dynamics is related to a global synchronization of the flow, characterized by a cyclic breathing motion of the recirculation bubble, associated with a fore-and aft motion of the reflected shock, together with a modulation of the mixing layer. The study shows that the coupling between the restoring force due to the incident shock and the disturbances generated by the incoming turbulence and the mixing layer is responsible for the low-frequency broadband modulation of the vortex shedding in the downstream flow, corresponding statistically to the low frequency of interest
Hamzaoui, Mondher. « Développement d'outils d'acquisition de modèles équivalents d'émissivité rayonnée et leur incorporation dans les logiciels de calcul de compatibilité électromagnétique : Application à l'électronique embarquée au sein d'un véhicule ». Rennes, INSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAR0019.
Texte intégralElectromagnetic analysis at system level requires an anticipation of all the combined effects of inner equipments. As far as electromagnetic radiated fields are concerned, the conventional approach consists in using appropriate full wave Maxwell tools. However, an entirely computational based analysis of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) produced by a set of electronic equipments appears to be non achievable. The main limitation of this approach is due to the complexity of all these equipments, the modelling of each one requiring an accurate and full description of all their components. This document is dedicated to the quantification of the influence of the electronic organs situated under the hood of a vehicle on the electromagnetic compatibility, notably of the viewpoint of the level of emission of these organs. The main objective was the research of the methods permitting to develop equivalent models for the radiation of electronic equipments. Two approaches have been developed; the first is an approach which goal is to place equivalent sources at leakage points of electromagnetic fields equipments by behavioral models. It is restricted to partially shielded equipments with arbitrary apertures. It's shown in particular that behavioral representations can be based on the geometrical description of the external skin of the equipment and appropriate excitations placed in active leakage points. The second approach, named the generic approach, consists in representing the electromagnetic radiation of any organ by a structure formed by elementary electric and magnetic dipoles. The major advantage of this approach is the total substitution of the geometric structure of the boxes. Indeed, we determine the elementary dipole excitation to reproduce any radiation pattern, from some field measurements carried out the object under investigation
Pescatore, Jérémie. « Maillages homotopiques tétraédriques des tissus de la tête pour le calcul du problème direct électroencéphalographie et magnétoencéphalographie ». Paris, ENST, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENST0034.
Texte intégralGaillard, Pierre. « Calcul numérique des ondes de gravité dans les zones littorales et les aménagements portuaires ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37613740g.
Texte intégralFernando, Rasika. « Développement et validation de méthodes de calcul non linéaires pour la propagation du bruit d'ondes de choc dans les entrées d'air de turboréacteurs : application au Buzz-saw Noise ». Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066749.
Texte intégralThomet, Antoine. « Amélioration et accélération de l'Optique Physique Itérative pour le calcul de SER de cavités complexes ». Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=cce708ae-e7f0-47c7-8feb-e121462fdb37.
Texte intégralThis thesis dissertation deals with the computation of the Radar Cross Section (RCS) of complexshaped open-ended cavities whose dimensions are large compared to the wavelength. Many methods have been developed for such a calculation and IPO (Iterative Physical Optics) has been chosen for its interesting trade-off between the accuracy and the computation time. It is an asymptotic method based on an iterative resolution of the electromagnetic fields integral equations by Physical Optics. The thesis works aim at improving IPO, in terms of both accuracy and computation time. The first original contribution of the thesis concerns a detailed study of the shadowing phenomenon, which has a significant impact on the accuracy. The method, called physical shadowing, has been developed, based on fields integral equations applied to coupled objects, and the shadow radiation of Physical Optics. The method has been tested and compared to classical approaches for open surfaces and open-ended cavities. The second original contribution concerns the acceleration of IPO, based on a technique of matrix compression. First, IPO has been written into a matrix formulation, which allows to apply the ACA (Adaptive Cross Approximation) algorithm, and its recompressed version R-ACA, to compress the interactions matrices of IPO. Moreover, the computation time has been reduced by applying the S-IPO, consisting in separating the cavity in subsections where IPO is applied. The simulations has shown a reduction of the computation time and the memory requirements
Chouai, Sihem. « Calcul tridimensionnel des champs électromagnétiques dans les applicateurs par la méthode de relaxation ». Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT022H.
Texte intégralOuld, Ahmed Khalifa Mohamed Abderahmane. « Calcul automatique des deformations de la houle, refraction, diffraction, friction : application a l'etude d'un chenal d'acces portuaire ». Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2055.
Texte intégralZwölf, Carlo-Maria. « Méthodes variationnelles pour la modélisation des problèmes de transmission d’onde électromagnétique entre diélectrique et méta-matériau ». Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS0038.
Texte intégralThe focus of this PhD-thesis has been on the electromagnetic harmonic wave transmission problem between media with opposite sign dielectric and/or magnetic constants. Physical models describing meta-materials, supraconductors or plasmas at the plasmon resonance lead to negative effective electromagnetic parameters. Mathematically however difficulties arise from the lack of ellipticity and/or compactness due to the sign shifts at the interface between the two media. In the static case or in two dimensional configurations, the Maxwell system reduces to a scalar model problem. Due to the sign shift at the interface, it is not possible to prove in a straightforward manner that this model problem is elliptic. Three variational approaches ave been developed in order to fit the scalar model into a Fredholm well-posed framework. After numerical validations of these methods, we used the variational formulations for the computation of the eigen-frequencies in a resonant cavity. This was designed by coupling dielectrics with metamaterials. Then, we focus on the three-dimensional Maxwell problem. With no loss of generality we consider the electric formulation. We prove a compactness embedding result for the space of the electric field which is valid, under some suitable conditions, in case of a sign-shifting electric constant. Finally, we have overcome the difficulty of a sign-shifting magnetic constant by generalizing one of the approaches developed for the model problem
Soni, Vineet. « Parallel Adaptive Multiscale Numerical Methods for Complex Compressible Flows ». Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES062.
Texte intégralThe challenges of real world problems with respect to perform high–fidelity numerical simulations of large–scale computations inflict a huge computational hurdle due to the necessity of handling complex multiscale problems. To address this issue, a wavelet based adaptive point–value multiresolution (MR) method is developed, which dynamically adjusts the grid resolution, hence enabling to capture small–scale flow details while preserving the local accuracy of the solution. Moreover, in order to take advantage of the most prevalent supercomputers, three new parallel load–balancing algorithms are tailored for the point–value MR method. The algorithms include a new concept of the multiresolution forest structure (MFS). A careful assessment of these methods are discussed in detail to bring forth their benefits as well as their limitations. Rigorous performance analysis of these methods exhibits an immense potential to exploit the parallelism using the proposed MFS concept. Its application to shock waves involving shock–obstacle interaction in double–concave cylindrical reflectors, for ignition detonation or high–speed combustion problems, shows two new shock bifurcations revealing a greater insight into the phenomenology of the reflection configurations. It is reported for the first time that the transition from a single–triple–point wave configuration (STP) to a double–triple–point wave configuration (DTP) and back occurs several times on the second reflector, indicating that the flow is capable of retaining the memory of the past events over the entire process
Prot, Olivier. « Methode de r'egularisation entropique et application au calcul de la fonction de distribution des ondes ». Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00689874.
Texte intégralProt, Olivier. « Méthode de régularisation entropique et application au calcul de la fonction de distribution des ondes ». Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009999.
Texte intégralMattesi, Vanessa. « Propagation des ondes dans un domaine comportant des petites hétérogénéités : modélisation asymptotique et calcul numérique ». Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3026/document.
Texte intégralIn this thesis, we focus our attention on the modeling of heterogeneities which are smaller than the wavelength. The document is decomposed into two parts : a theoretical one and a numerical one. In the first part, we derive a matched asymptotic expansion composed of a far-field expansion and a near-field expansion. The terms of the far-field expansion are singular solutions of the wave equation whereas the terms of the near-field expansion satisfy quasistatic problems. These expansions are matched in an intermediate region. We justify mathematically this theory by proving error estimates. In the second part, we describe the Discontinuous Galerkin method, a local time stepping method and the implementation of the matched asymptotic method. Numerical simulations illustrate these results
Ridoux, Julien. « Contribution au développement d'une méthode de calcul rapide de propagation des ondes de souffle en présence d'obstacles ». Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066193/document.
Texte intégralThe direct numerical simulation of blast waves (accidental or industrial explosions) is a challenging task due to the wide range of spatial and temporal scales involved. Moreover, in a real environment (topography, urban area …), the blast wave interacts with the geometrical obstacles resulting in reflection, diffraction and waves recombination phenomena. The shape of the front becomes complex, which limits the efficiency of simple empirical methods.This thesis aims at contributing to the development of a fast running method for blast waves propagation in presence of obstacles. This is achieved through the use of simplified hyperbolic models for shock waves propagation such as Geometrical Shock Dynamics (GSD) or Kinematic models. These models describe only the leading shock front. This leads to a drastic reduction of the computational cost, from 5 Euler equations at 3D to a 2D problem with 2 equations. However, the study of the Riemann problem shows that the solution of these models does not always exist in the case of the diffraction over a convex corner. We propose an ad-hoc extension of GSD in order to remove this limitation. The blast effects are also recovered through an empirical law available in free field. From a numerical point of view, a 2D conservative Lagrangian algorithm has been implemented and validated. First comparisons with experimental data show the good behaviour of this new model at nearly free computational cost compared to direct Euler methods
Cvetković, Dušan. « Equation parabolique hybridée à l'optique physique pour le calcul de la propagation et de la diffusion dans un environnement maritime ». Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=d5db47e2-8107-4cba-8d54-561dde6cdc9f.
Texte intégralThe aim of this thesis is to estimate the field scattered by a rough sea surface in the presence of a duct. The surface is illuminated by a coastal radar under low grazing incidence. The case of a bistatic configuration, for which both transmitter and receiver are located in the duct, is particularly studied. For such a configuration, an evaporation duct, characterised by the vertical variations of the refraction index profile in the vicinity of the sea surface, can strongly affect the radar system performances. Thus, this is a problem of propagation and scattering under low grazing incidences. This thesis aims to develope an approximate methode (asymptotic) to jointly solve the scattering caused by the sea surface and the propagation within the duct. The studied method is based on the physical optics (PO) approximation. It allows us to calculate the coherent and the incoherent components of the currents on a rough surface and the field scattered inside the duct. For the coherent component, a classical model introduced by Ament is hence extended to multiple rebounds from the surface and for a duct with a linearsquare refraction index profile. In addition, the results are compared with a rigorous method based on Method of Moments. Finally, the effective impedance, derived from the Small Perturbation Method, is introduced in order to correct the PO-based model for the vertical polarisation
Sergent, Philippe. « Optimisation géométrique du contrôle actif dans les gaines de ventilation ». Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529385.
Texte intégralKahan, Michel. « Approches stochastiques pour le calcul des ponts aux séismes ». Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529960.
Texte intégralPatiño, Vanegas Alberto. « Calcul de composants diffractants en optique de Fourier fractionnaire ». Lorient, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORIS335.
Texte intégralThe work presented in this thesis is devoted to actual applications of fractional Fourier optics. The aim is to calculate the transmission function of a component that gives a pre-defined Fresnel diffraction pattern for an appropriate illumination. A first application is related to modelling, in the fractional domain, astigmatic Gaussian beams, as produced by laser diodes with elliptical waists. An illumination device, made up of 25 laser diodes, is designed for laser tooling purposes. Others applications use recent results based on the fractional sampling theorem and the notions of fractional convolution and correlation products. These results are necessary to extend usual classical numerical methods, as used in designing optical components, to the fractional domain. We adapt three classical methods. The first one is based on the properties of (spatially) chirped functions as used in fractional Fourier optics, in order to design Fresnel micro-lenses. In the second method, we adapt the theory of the geometric coordinate transformations (optical map transformations) to spherical transmitters and receivers to analytically design phase elements. Finally, we extend to the fractional domain iterative algorithmes based on the usual Fourier transform in order to calculate transmission functions of Fresnel holograms. After introducing fractional operators such as fractional transalations or fractional interpolations and taking the finite dimensions of the designed component into account, we propose a method for reducing the speckle in the diffracted pattern The method is based on defining a fractional bandlimited diffuser
Sanni, Olujide Samuel. « Calcium carbonate surface/bulk scaling mechanisms and kinetics in a once-through in-situ flow visualization rig ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16419/.
Texte intégralZouhdi, Saïd. « Etude des milieux chiraux aux frequences micro-ondes. Calcul des parametres constitutifs : application aux motifs chiraux plans ». Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066461.
Texte intégralDawood, Sami. « Etude du couplage d'une onde electromagnetique avec des cables souterrains (antennes et cables) ». Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF2D197.
Texte intégralRitter, Patxi. « Ondes gravitationnelles et calcul de la force propre pour un astre compact en mouvement autour d'un trou noir super-massif ». Thesis, Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE2038/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis focuses on modelling the gravitational waves and the relativistic motion associated to Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral (EMRI) systems. These systems consist of a stellar mass compact object gravitationally captured by a super-massive black hole. In black hole perturbation theory, we further develop a numerical method which computes waveforms generated by a point mass particle orbiting a Schwarzschild black hole. The Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli wave equation is solved in time domain. The gauge invariant solution is related to the polarisation modes, the energy and the angular momentum carried by the gravitational waves. In reaction to the energy and the moment lost, the trajectory is modified all along. In the MiSaTaQuWa formalism, we compute the self-force acting upon a point particle which is initially at rest, and then falling into a Schwarzschild black hole. We show how this quantity is defined in the Regge-Wheeler gauge by using the mode-sum regularisation technique. We take into account the self-force effect on the motion of the particle by using an iterative and osculating orbit method conceived herein. We quantify the orbital deviation with respect to the geodesic motion, but also the perturbed wave forms and the associated radiated energy
Le, Bot Sophie. « Morphodynamique de dunes sous-marines sous influence des marées et des tempêtes : processus hydro-sédimentaires et enregistrement : exemple du Pas-de-Calais ». Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-15.pdf.
Texte intégralLes caractéristiques morpho-dynamiques des dunes et le schéma de transport sédimentaire sont fortement influencés par la morphologie marine à grande échelle. Les bancs sableux du South Falls et du Sandettié jouent le rôle de barrières morphologiques qui perturbent la progression de l'onde de marée. Le secteur SE de la zone d'étude présente des caractéristiques régionales, typiques des environnements de haute énergie, appauvris en sédiment sableux. Il est soumis au jusant dominant accéléré entre les deux bancs sableux, et constitue une zone de "by passing" du sédiment qui est finalement stocké au SW, au niveau d'une zone de convergence du transport. Les dunes sont isolées et migrent à long terme vers le SW, dans la direction du jusant. Le secteur NW, couvert de sable, constitue l'extrémité relique du banc du South Falls et est actuellement en érosion, à l'image du banc lui-même. Il est protégé de l'action du jusant par ce banc sableux et préférentiellement soumis à celle du flot, dirigé vers le NE. Il présente des caractéristiques locales typiques des environnements de plus basse énergie, riches en sédiment mobilisable. Les dunes sont agencées en un champ compact et présentent des dimensions d'équilibre. Elles migrent à long terme vers le NE. Les facteurs spatiaux et temporels ainsi mis en evidence ont permis de proposer des éléments-clés pour la conception d'un modèle numérique de prédiction de l'évolution morpho-dynamique des dunes, qui constituerait un outil performant d'aide a la gestion des levés bathymétriques indispensables pour améliorer la sécurité de la navigation, intense dans le détroit du Pas-de-Calais
Ding, Yu. « Méthodes numériques sur l'équation intégrale aux bords pour le problème des ondes acoustiques diffractées par une surface rigide en 3D ». Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112031.
Texte intégralThis thesis deals with resolving the scattering problem of wave propagation via boundary integral equation (B. I. E. ) methods. It is well known that the problem for transient wave propagation scattering from a hard surface is usually described by means of a B. I. E. 1/2 u(t,x)=ui(t,x)+1/4π ∫r(x-y). N ⃗y)/∣x-y∣2. (u(τ,y))/∣x-y∣+1/c ∂u/∂t(τ,y))dσy where ui is the incident wave, the solution of wave equation in free field. Γ is the surface, n ⃗y the unitary normal at y on the surface Γ, ∣x-y∣ the distance between x and y, τ=t-∣x-y∣. This equation is a retarded potential equation, we can find an explicit marching in time scheme. Usually, we use collocation methods, that is, a discretisation by collocation in space and by finite difference in time. In this thesis, we give some variational formulation methods, in particular, a Galerkin type variational formulation method. A convergence theorem is proved for the Galerkin method in the case of two parallel planes. The constant elements by mesh in space and in time are usable for the surface composed by facet planes. A comparison of numerical results obtained by the Galerkin method and collocation methods is presented. Some coupling methods are also proposed. Comparisons of numerical results are given for all the coupling and non-coupling methods
Soua, Slim. « Formulation couplée BEM/FEM pour un problème de diffraction d'une onde acoustoélastique par une hétérogénéité localisée ». Compiègne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004COMP1510.
Texte intégralThe NDT experiments using ultrasonic waves are used to detect and characterise localised heterogeneity. This heterogeneity can be of kind material defect or residual stress. Most of numerical models proposed in the literature do not deal with residual stress. The analytical models are used and are limited enough when dealing with inhomoge¬neous and localised domains. The present work aims to developing a numerical method of resolution applied to the study of elastic wave diffraction by localised heterogeneity. For that purpose, theoretical study of linearized motion equations in prestressed structure is developed, then a variational formulation is used for the numerical resolu¬tion. The numerical method, we propose, is based on boundary element (BEM) and finite element (FEM) methods. Each of these methods is more suited to deal with some of the limitations, so we use both methods in coupled formulation. Results are obtained and compared to several analytical and semi-analytical models, the cases of plane wave diffraction and modal waves are treated: Lamb or Stoneley modal wave. The agreement for a/5 meshes proves the efficiency of the numerical model
Tekkouk, Abdelhadi. « Contribution à l'étude des interactions micro-ondes-matière condensée : cas d'un matériau de construction, le sulfate de calcium semihydraté ». Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10073.
Texte intégralFaiez, Sorkhabi Mohammad Reza. « Calcul théorique du couplage spin-orbite et du tenseur G dans les systèmes moléculaires ». Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10070.
Texte intégralPoirier, Benjamin. « Développement d'un modèle analytique pour le calcul de la matrice de diffusion d'un tronçon composé de tubes Herschel-Quincke ». Compiègne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008COMP1782.
Texte intégralAn analytical three dimensional bicylindrical model is developed in order to take into account the effects of a saddle shaped area for the interface of a N-Herschel-Quincke tubes system connected to a main duct without flow. The results deduced from this model are compared with experimental and numerical data on the DUCAT duct facility. A parametrical study on the number of tubes, their diameter, the distance between the interfaces and their angular positions makes possible an interpretation of the physics useful to the design. Finally, the investigation of the HQ system associated with a liner was studied to validate the model in the case of a combined system and also to optimize the performance of such a system
Laybros, Sarah. « Utilisation du lancer de rayons pour le calcul de l'interaction d'un rayonnement électromagnétique avec des objets complexes métalliques et diélectriques ». Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30166.
Texte intégralThe interactions of an electromagnetic wave and complex targets lead to numerous investigation of modelisation, as much for military than for civil applications. When the objects present a complex geometry and dimensions large compared to the wavelength, the evaluation of the radiated fields becomes costly in computation time. To overcome this problem, we use a method based on the coupling of the Shooting and Bouncing Ray technique, dealing with a great number of successive interactions in a fast way, and the electromagnetic Asymptotic Methods. The Asymptotic Methods, which are widely studied in the state of art in the metallic case, seldom concern the dielectric objects. So, we worked out the Asymptotic Methods in an unified model, able to evaluate the interactions of scattering and diffraction, for objects as well metallic as dielectric, in their near or far field zone, and whatever the incident wave. Then, all these methods have been adapted to the Shooting and Bouncing Ray technique. This optimal coupling of methods leads to a fast and accurate computation of the fields radiated by a complex scene, at high frequencies. Several applications are presented in the domains of the antennas, of the Radar Cross Section computation and the cartography of EM fields in a given volume. All the models studies and developed in this thesis, have been integrated in the software FERMAT of ONERA/DEMR
Brousal, Jeffrey P. « Role of phosphorylation of the alpha one subunit in cyclic adenosine monophosphate dependent modulation of skeletal muscle calcium channels / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6305.
Texte intégralOrange, Romain. « Prise en compte des contraintes de CEM dans la conception de modules d'émission-réception pour radars ». Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUES040.
Texte intégralThe goal of this work has been to take into account the EMC constraints in designing Transmitter-Receiver radar modules concentrating on the radar microwave amplifying channel part. Several channels amplify a microwave signal in order to obtain a power and phase controlled signal, then the signals from all the channels are combined to generate the radar wave. To take EMC constraints into account in designing an amplifying channel, modelization tools are needed. Two complementary methods have been developed. The first one is a software modelization method that uses two software programs in co-simulation. This method modelizes a microwave electronic circuit and its interaction with the EM fields it creates. First, the couplings between radiating elements are modelized by using a 3D full-wave electromagnetic field software program like HFSS. Then the S-parameters that debrief the couplings are introduced into a data box in a 2D electronic design software program like ADS. Then, ADS simulates a microwave circuit taking EM fields and couplings into account. This method has been validated by measurements on a device that reproduces an amplifying channel. The measurements show that the amplifying channel housing can be seen as a cavity and according to the signal frequencies used, a resonance phenomenon occurs. This phenomenon can cause couplings which may result in malfunctions or damages. For instance, the signal in the radar microwave amplifying channel has critical disturbances due to the resonant phenomenon in the housing. The second method to modelize couplings between radiating elements uses the Kron formalism. From a general point of view this method modelizes complex multi-scale and multi-variable systems. In the radar amplifying channel case, the Kron formalism has been used to foresee coupling levels. This method has been validated by measurements and show as well as the software modelization method that the resonance phenomenon creates high level couplings. In order to reduce couplings created by the resonance phenomenon in a cavity, a new method has been developed. The method uses an absorption line designed to absorb the energy of the resonance mode responsible for problematic couplings. To be efficient, the absorption line has to be located at the level of an anti-node of the targeted resonance mode and the impedance values at each port of the line have to be chosen in order to absorb the maximum amount of coupling energy possible. The best position of the absorption line in the cavity is determined by using HFSS and the best impedance values at the ports of the line is determined by ADS through an optimization process. This method has been validated by measurements
Caplot, Michel. « Calcul du bruit de raies émis par un rotor d'hélicoptère en champ lointain ». Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPD014.
Texte intégralRitter, Patxi. « Ondes gravitationnelles et calcul de la force propre pour un astre compact en mouvement autour d'un trou noir supermassif ». Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920959.
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