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1
Barboux, Cécile. « Contrôle par objections d'une théorie incomplète ». Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20063.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette these porte sur le controle par dialogue avec un interlocuteur d'une connaissance construite par apprentissage, consideree comme incomplete et incorrecte. La conceptualisation de ces problemes s'appuie sur la modelisation proposee par imre lakatos sur la logique de la decouverte mathematique. Le controle par objections est un approfondissement des travaux de reiter sur les systemes de maintenance de verite au controle de connaissances incompletes
2
Camara, Soriba Joseph. « Biblical response to Muslim objections to Christianity ». Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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3
Mahtani, Anna. « New objections to the epistemic theory of vagueness ». Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421162.
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4
Hyman-Shurland, Yonnette. « The Merits of Trust in Transformational Leadership ». ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2448.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Trust in transformational leadership is related to motivation, self-enhancement, and positive job outcomes. Trust in the leader-follower relationship, from the perspective of subordinates, has yet to be examined. Trust is considered an important factor when seeking to improve the chances for organizational success and positive job outcomes. The merits of trust in transformational leadership were addressed in this qualitative case study for the purpose of understanding the value of trust in leader-follower relationships viewed from the experiences of subordinates. Interviews were conducted with 30 participants from 2 organizations within the Newton and Rockdale counties located in the state of Georgia; the chosen sample size was an exhaustive representation of those interviewed and conveyed the depth and breadth of participants'. Research questions addressed how subordinates perceived trust in their leaders and how leaders put into practice trust in their leader-follower relationships. Questions were analyzed using open and axial coding and the following themes emerged: perseverance, effective communication, feedback, commitment, confidence, unity, dependability, exemplary leadership, helpfulness, and satisfaction. Some connections were made between trust in transformational leadership and subordinates' views of their trust in leaders. By implementing these practices and hiring managers with transformational behaviors, organizations can help succeed in engaging employees to promote trusting relationships and encourage future research in the leadership management field. This study may affect positive social change by demonstrating how trust can be created by both leaders and followers: these findings may also contribute to the expansion of new leadership development training programs.
5
Turner, Helen Louise. « Absolute stereochemistry : the merits of VCD and XRD ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430715.
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6
McCann, Ishbel A. « Facing the World : The Unapparent Merits of Makeup ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1176.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The act of applying makeup is a ritual shared by many, often beginning at an early age. Though makeup is presented as a final product in the public sphere, the process of applying makeup can be just as, if not more important. This thesis acts as the theoretical basis for my digital art project, Facing the World. My work gives insight into the lesser understood motivations behind wearing makeup while shedding the stigma that wearing it is merely a superficial act or sign of vanity. The project Facing the World presents the makeup routines and personal narratives of seven women to uncover the merits of cosmetics as a means of identity creation, self-care, and mindful reflection. The work is exhibited as a single channel looped video of approximately twenty minutes with the corresponding subject’s audio portion played over headphones.
7
Jordan, Jason L. « On the Merits of Fascism : A Manifesto Novel ». Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1458597083.
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8
Cermak, Samantha Marie. « Parent-Toddler Training : The Merits of Further Analysis ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc67966/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Earlier identification of autism allows for interventions to begin during toddlerhood. Literature suggests that parents are an important part of very early intervention and specific goals have indicated that they are important to progress. The use of telemedicine may increase access to interventions. The purpose of the study was to evaluate a parent-toddler training program that targeted social-communication skills and incorporated a telemedicine component. Measures included parent teaching targets, child attending, vocal requesting, and coordinated joint attention and the parent's response to coordinated joint attention. Results indicate that parent teaching increased, child attending and vocalizations increased, child coordinated joint attention increased, and the parent's response to coordinated joint attention was primarily social in nature. Analysis of the home observations indicates that direct in home observations or teleconference observations neither under or overestimated behaviors. The results are discussed in the context of teaching and feedback delivery and selection of teaching targets.
9
Keefer, Lucas. « Defending Noë's enactive theory of perception a response to some objections / ». Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/52/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.Andrea Scarantino, committee chair; George Graham, Sebastian Rand, committee members. Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed June 22, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 46).
10
Kassios, Ioannis T. « Theory theory (and an attempt to orient objections to object orientation) ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62965.pdf.
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11
Anderson, C. D. P. « Intelligent computer systems : Philosophical objections to the project of artificial intelligence ». Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374202.
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12
Pearson, Megan Rebecca. « Religious objections to equality laws : reconciling religious freedom with gay rights ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/949/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis considers how the law should manage conflicts between religious freedom and the prohibition of sexual orientation discrimination. It starts from the basis that both these rights are valuable and worthy of protection, but that such disputes are often characterised by animosity. It contends that a proportionality analysis provides the best method for resolving these conflicts. In particular, it argues that proportionality is a conciliatory method of reasoning because it provides context-dependent and nuanced answers to these issues, providing scope for re-assessment in future cases, and because it accepts losing claims as in principle as worthy of protection. It is also argued that proportionality is advantageous because it inherently demands justification where rights are infringed. The thesis takes a comparative approach, examining the law in England and Wales, Canada and the USA to demonstrate the clash of rights and to compare how these issues have been dealt with by courts and legislatures. It considers these issues with reference to four areas of law. The first assesses how far employees with discriminatory religious beliefs should be accommodated in the workplace, including whether they should have a right not to perform aspects of their work that are contrary to their beliefs and whether they should be permitted to share their discriminatory views at work. The second considers whether and when religious organisations should be permitted to discriminate in their employment decisions. The third examines how far religious organisations should be permitted to discriminate in providing services, such as charitable services or when hiring out premises, and the fourth whether religious individuals should be allowed to discriminate in the secular marketplace.
13
Гуменна, Юлiя Григорiвна, Юлия Григорьевна Гуменная, Yuliia Hryhorivna Humenna et S. Tymoshenko. « Merits and challenges of digital economy in developing countries ». Thesis, Sumy State Universit, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81382.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Матеріал присвячений питанням дослідження переваг та барєрів реалізації цифрової економіки в країнах, що розиваються.Материал посвящен вопросам исследования предпочтений и барьеров реализации цифровой экономики в странах розиваються.
The material is devoted to the study of the advantages and barriers to the implementation of the digital economy in developing countries.
14
Thompson, Gwen C. « The Reemergence of Kantian Ethics : Have We Adequately Responded to Hegel's Objections ? » PDXScholar, 1997. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2413.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The philosophies of Kant and Hegel have experienced a renaissance for the past thirty years, and a debate continues as to whether Hegel's objections to Kant's moral philosophy are sound, and/or whether Hegel's ethics are an improvement on Kant's. This debate takes many forms, and most recently, theorists have been interested in measuring Hegel's objections against contemporary theories following in the Kantian tradition. 'Critics,' (theorists defending Hegel's moral point of view) suggests such reconstructed theories leave themselves open to identical criticisms Hegel wielded at Kant almost 200 years ago. 'Defenders,' (theorists supporting Kant's moral philosophy, or a revised version) reply in one of two ways. They either suggest that Hegel's criticisms of Kant are unwarranted, meaning Hegel misinterprets Kant's ideas and/or purposes; or, they maintain that Kant's ethics are vulnerable to Hegel's objections, however some newer version of Kant's ethics is not because it has been purged of those Kantian elements which Hegel attacks. Clearly, both views render Hegel's critique of Kant obsolete. So, why are we witnessing such an aggressive resurgence of Hegelian-styled arguments in the contemporary literature?
In seeking to answer this question, this thesis reconsiders Hegel's actual critique of Kant. In this way, the thesis falls into a specific category of political philosophy. It is a study in the 'history of ideas.' Rather than considering the question of whether contemporary Critics or Defenders have the better argument concerning the merit of reconstructed Kantian theories, I intend to re-evaluate the soundness of Hegel's objections to Kantian ethics.
Kant's moral and political thought on the proper ordering of society is deeply embedded in the pluralist democracies of the western world. As such, those Kantian ideas/elements should be defendable against Hegelian criticisms.
Following an in-depth consideration of Hegel's critique of Kant, I argue that whereas Hegel accurately identifies weaknesses in the system of Kant's moral philosophy, his critique does not successfully achieve its goal. It does not show that Kant's ethical theory is an inadequate prescription for the rational agent seeking to act morally. Rather, it serves as a warning of the dangers inherent in democratic liberal theory.
15
Areskog, Oskar. « Mapping the Singularity : A Diagrammatic Analysis of Kurzweil’s Singularity Argument and Some Objections ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446660.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Constructing and understanding arguments is often difficult but key to both philosophyand other parts of the everyday life. Some methods to ease this task has been developed.One of the methods developed within informal reasoning is argument diagramming, amethod to structure and visualize arguments. This essay takes a complicated argumentabout the fate of the universe, put forward by futurist Ray Kurzweil in his book TheSingularity is Near, as well as some critique published against said argument, as a casestudy for the application of argument diagramming on unstructured arguments fromoutside the field of philosophy. To arrive at a diagram that can be easily grasped andread but still contains all information of the original argument, this essay developsa method of splitting sub-diagrams off of a main diagram. Analysing the resultingdiagrams shows that the plausibility of Kurzweil’s argument is heavily dependent on afew, critical premises at the lower levels of the diagram.
16
Giese, Stephen D. « An examination of Jonathan Edwards' analysis of the Arminian objections to moral necessity ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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17
Pottinger, Derek Miles. « God's foreknowledge are the objections presented by the Open View grounds for denial ? / ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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18
Brglez, Brian J. « An examination of the merits of a long-term pastoral position ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0015/NQ46679.pdf.
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19
Duffy, Matt J. « Unnamed Sources : A Longitudinal Review of the Practice and its Merits ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_diss/19.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation reviews the history and discourse of the debate regarding the use of unnamed sources in journalism. A quantitative and qualitative content analysis explores how the use of anonymous sources has changed over the years. The ethics justifying their use are examined through the lens of utilitarianism. The author offers guidelines for their future use.
20
Maier, Florentine, Christian Schober, Ruth Simsa et Reinhard Millner. « SROI as a Method for Evaluation Research : Understanding Merits and Limitations ». Springer Science & ; Business Media, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-014-9490-x.
Texte intégralRésumé :
NPOs and their funders are increasingly drawn to the Social Return on Investment (SROI) method to evaluate the social impact of programs, organizations or organization networks. While many claims about the benefits of SROI have been expressed, various points of criticism have also been raised. On the basis of both current research and our own experience in conducting SROI analyses, we develop a comprehensive assessment of this method, which is structured along two dimensions: the observer's paradigmatic perspective, on the one hand, and positive or negative valuation, on the other. We identify two major merits: SROI analysis can provide legitimacy to NPOs or their funders, and it can assist in allocating resources. We identify limitations from three perspectives: From an interpretative-sociological perspective, criticism of commensuration and utilitarianism calls the method as a whole into question. From a technical-instrumental perspective, there are a number of difficulties that could however be overcome as the method matures. From an intermediary perspective, a number of limitations become apparent that, while inherent to SROI analysis, are no reason for abandoning it, as long as they are thoroughly understood. We conclude by providing suggestions for the responsible use of SROI analysis.
21
Periannan, Vijayanand. « Investigation of the Effects of Various Energy and Exergy-Based Objectives/Figures of Merit on the Optimal Design of High Performance Aircraft System ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31405.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis work shows the advantages of applying exergy-based analysis and optimization methods to the synthesis/design and operation an Advanced Aircraft Fighter (AAF) with three subsystems: a Propulsion Subsystem (PS), an Environmental Control Subsystem (ECS), and an Airframe Subsys-tem - Aerodyanmics (AFS-A) is used to illustrate these advantages. Thermodynamic (both energy and exergy), aerodynamic, geometric, and physical models of the components comprising the subsystems are developed and their interactions defined. An exergy-based parametric study of the PS and its components is first performed in order to show the type of detailed information on internal system losses. This is followed by a series of constrained, system synthesis/design optimizations based on five different objective functions, which define energy-based and exergy-based measures of performance.
A first set of optimizations involving four of the objectives (two energy-based and two exergy-based) are performed with only PS and ECS degrees of freedom. Losses for the AFS-A are not incorporated into the two exergy-based objectives. The results show that as expected all four objectives globally produce the same optimum vehicle.A second set of optimizations is then performed with AFS-A degrees of freedom and again with two energy- and exergy-based objectives. However, this time one of the exergy-based objectives incorporates AFS-A losses directly into the objective. The results are that this latter objective produces a significantly better optimum vehicle. Thus, an exergy-based approach is not only able to pinpoint where the greatest inefficiencies in the system occur but produces a superior optimum vehicle as well by accounting for irreversibility losses in subsystems (e.g., the AFS-A) only indirectly tied to fuel usage.Master of Science
22
Yang, Suh-jen. « The literary merits of the Han (206 B.C. - A.D 220) Stele inscription / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11092.
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23
Brennan, Jason. « The Best Moral Theory Ever : The Merits and Methodology of Moral Theorizing ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195168.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Anti-theorists claim that moral theories do not deliver all the goods we want and that consequently such theorizing is not a philosophically worthy pursuit. We suffer from certain misconceptions about the point and purpose of such theorizing and the theories it produces. In this essay, I treat moral theorizing as a genuinely theoretical enterprise that produces abstract knowledge about the general structure of morality.Moral theories should be understood as tools--intellectual and practical tools with importantly different uses. Just as with hand tools where it is useful to have hammers for one sort of job and screwdrivers for another, it can be rational to accept multiple moral theories at the same time. The idea here is that all good theories illuminate some truths about morality, but are also misleading at times. A theory that is good at solving one moral problem may be bad at solving another; a theory that is illuminating in one place may be distorting in another.Chapter one outlines the differences between moral theory, metaethics, moral metatheory, and morality itself. It argues that disagreement about moral theory need not reflect moral disagreement, and vice versa. Chapter two argues that even if moral theory turned out to be practically useless, it would still accomplish certain theoretical tasks. Chapters three and four explain how and why one might adopt different incompatible moral theories at the same time. Chapter five defends moral principles from various particularists and shows how the imperfections of moral principles mirror the imperfections of laws in other fields. Chapter six explains why philosophical inquiry is worthwhile despite the overwhelming disagreement displayed by philosophers. Chapter seven shows that moral intuitions serve as a check on philosophical methodology just as much as methodology helps us verify our intuitions. It explains why a certain sort of psychology-based argument against deontological intuitions will not work. Finally, chapter eight explores the various ways in which moral theory is and is not practical. It concludes that the practical usefulness of theory is a matter of empirical contingency that philosophers have done little to investigate.
24
Clement, K. « British and German planning institutions for appraising objections to major energy developments : A comparative evaluation ». Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381511.
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25
Nathoo, Al-Noor Nenshi. « Rationalized selfishness or reasonable skepticism?, objections to Singer and Unger on the obligations of the affluent ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ65047.pdf.
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26
Kyriakidis, Vasileios G. « John the Grammarian's objections to Aristotle on the eternity of the world a critical re-examination / ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Oladimeji, Fasheyi Adebowale. « Bridge Bearings : Merits, Demerits, Practical Issues, Maintenance and Extensive Surveys on Bridge Bearing ». Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-104240.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A technical solution to the problem of unavoidable movements in bridge structures is the use of bridge bearings. Bridge bearings are small integral parts of the entire bridge structure serving several purposes, such as connection, transfer of forces, allowing movements, force damping etc. However, bridge bearings could create more problems for the bridge structure than it solves if not properly understood, especially when it receives less attention than it deserves. Technical and practical issues, such as selection of the right bearing type for use, merits and demerits of different bearing types, maintenance and monitoring, replacement, life cycle cost etc. are all imperative to ensure that bearings satisfy their purpose. This study takes into consideration the practical and theoretical experience available for the use of bridge bearings. Two electronic surveys were used to garner knowledge and expertise from bridge engineers, bearing manufacturers and other stake holders in the course of this study, also practical knowledge concerning various types and problems of bridge bearings, maintenance, repair and replacement, life cycle costing etc. were employed in addition to physical investigation of bridge bearings in the Stockholm area of Sweden. Generally, all bearing types were found to perform their functions satisfactorily when in good conditions, though inevitable problem of degradation reduces the life span of these bearings, especially the ones made mainly of steel being affected by corrosion. Those made of rubber components also degrade and perform poorly in low temperatures and under high load magnitude, though they are the most economical solution to many problems, especially in seismically active areas. Modern and enclosed bearing types such as pot, spherical, disc, LRB, FPB etc. are best used in critical conditions like high vertical load, extensive degree/extent of movement, seismic areas etc. but they are expensive solutions due to technicality in construction, and they are not exempted from various problems of degradation.
28
Omaghomi, Toritseju O. « Estimating Peak Water Demand in Buildings with Efficient Fixtures : Methods, Merits, and Implications ». University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1562843108109428.
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Thackeray, Vincent Gregory. « Inconsistencies in the rights of review of the merits of Commonwealth administrative decisions / ». [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20020821.171741/index.html.
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Adamson, Steven C. « The apologetics of Thomas Chalmers : the influences, methods, and effects of Chalmers' rebuttals to objections to Christianity ». Thesis, University of the Highlands and Islands, 2014. https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/the-apologetics-of-thomas-chalmers(54fc3cb5-5b71-4d03-b87a-96724116c004).html.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Scholarly investigations of the works of Dr. Thomas Chalmers (1780-1847) primarily focus on his pastoral ministry and role in the formation of the Free Church of Scotland, passing over his apologetic and theological endeavours. Consequently, the contents and methodologies of Chalmers' arguments have not been thoroughly researched. This study critically analyses Chalmers' Christian defences; asserting that the single most influential factor in his apologetic arguments is the presupposition of humanity's innate tendency to expect nature's constancy. Chalmers' writings, sermons, and journals serve to demonstrate that his arguments for the existence of God, creation, inspiration of Scripture, and miracles are anchored in this metaphysical belief. As written, his works have the goal of refuting the theistic objections offered by David Hume (1711-1776), and within that goal, he modifies the then existing natural theological arguments to conform to his philosophical views. This research reveals that Chalmers' apologetic arguments, which reflect the prevailing approach of Natural Theology, contain numerous distinctive rebuttals to Hume's theistic objections and have marks of similarity to the approaches of numerous modern natural theologians, classical apologists and intelligent design advocates. Additionally, while popular in his day as a Christian author, this research identifies Chalmers' verbose style of writing, limited technical acumen and the decline of Natural Theology as principal causes for his anonymity amongst academic apologists. Hence, the intended side effect of this research is to shed light on Chalmers' apologetics; providing keys to deciphering the density of his writings, making them more accessible to modern researchers.
31
Van, Emmenes Melanie. « An exploratory study into the relative merits of related and unrelated foster care placements ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14373.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bibliography: leaves 79-94.The field of related foster care has to a large extent been neglected. Related foster care is regarded with considerable scepticism and ambivalence by many social workers because of a number of pitfalls which are often associated with such placements. The aim of this study is to explore the relative merits of related and unrelated foster placements, and thus to enhance knowledge in this area and so improve service delivery to foster children, their parents, by foster parents and child and family welfare agencies. A literature survey was undertaken during which it was evident that the field of related foster care has received little attention in both literature and research. The literature studies have highlighted some of the pros and cons of related and unrelated foster placements. A questionnaire was constructed and administered to a sample of related and unrelated foster parents. A descriptive analysis was made of the results with the focus being on the behaviour and academic functioning of the children. The overall findings in this study showed that children fostered by relatives seemed to be doing at least the same as, and in some aspects better than, those children fostered by recruited unrelated foster parents. Over a 11 there appeared to be some significant advantages for those children who were being fostered by relatives.
32
Hall, Charles William. « Tax administration : a comparison between income tax act and the tax administration act : assessments, objections, penalties and interest ». Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43345.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Tax administration sections have always formed part of the tax legislation in South Africa. South Africans have been warned for years of the introduction of separate legislation to govern the tax administration sections of all the applicable tax Acts.
This became a reality with the introduction of the Tax Administration Act (TAAct) on 1 October 2012.
This study will focus on the changes from the Income Tax Act to the Tax Administration Act in relation to assessments, objections, penalties and interest.
All the different types of assessments have now been defined under the Tax Administration Act. We also see the introduction of a new type of assessment in the form of a jeopardy assessment. This type of assessment can be raised by a senior SARS official where the Commissioner is satisfied that the collection of taxes may be in jeopardy.
The biggest change regarding objections is the change to the timeframe in which a taxpayer is allowed to lodge an objection. Under the Tax Administration Act, an objection has to be lodged within 30 business days after the date of the assessment and not within 30 business days after the due date as under the Income Tax Act. Furthermore, SARS will now be obliged to provide taxpayers with detailed reasons for assessments.
The administrative non-compliance penalties that formed part of the Income Tax Act have now been combined under one chapter in the Tax Administration Act. The biggest change with regard to penalties can be seen in the movement from the additional tax penalty (old 200% penalties) to the new understatement penalty.
Taxpayers will need to ensure that they are aware of the possible implications they may face under the Tax Administration Act. It has now become even more important for taxpayers to seek the advice of qualified tax practitioners when faced with complex tax matters. This will assist the taxpayer in preventing unwanted penalties being raised and would ensure compliance in respect of their tax affairs.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
lk2014
Taxation
MA
Unrestricted
33
Mouncer, Bob. « Dealt with on their merits ? : the treatment of asylum seekers in the UK and France ». Thesis, University of Hull, 2009. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2678.
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This study examines the treatment of asylum seekers in the UK and France. The need for such a study arises from the apparent contradiction between, on the one hand, the commitment of EU states to give protection to people fleeing persecution (they are all signatories to the 1951 Refugee Convention) and, on the other, the increasingly restrictive policies on asylum adopted by those same states. In order to understand asylum-seeker perspectives I interviewed asylum seekers in the UK, though not in France due to my increasing deafness, and I interviewed stakeholders in both countries who could give me both official and asylum-seeker perspectives. Documentation was provided by asylum seekers and their supporters, NGOs in the field and government sources. I find that the restrictive agenda of the two states has undermined their commitment to the Refugee Convention as they place asylum policy in the context of immigration controls rather than of protection. Consequently, in both countries a discourse develops, laws are made and practices arise which undermine the right to asylum and deny protection to many who need it.
34
Larsson, Christer. « "The relative merits of goodness and originality" : the ethics of storytelling in Peter Carey's novels / ». Uppsala : Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40020317f.
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Fancourt, Graeme. « The participative self : an enquiry into the merits and limits of a theological and postmodern anthropology ». Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/774/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This project began with a concern that research into Emerging Church and Fresh Expressions groups had too great a focus upon ecclesiology and missiology. Not only did this approach miss a great deal of what the groups were attempting to do, but it also resulted either in sycophantic or scathing caricatures of the participant groups. This thesis argues, however, that through their practises these groups are exploring a much broader and deeper question that is also active within academic literature: the extent to which postmodern and theological discourses can be considered to be appropriate dialogue partners. This research analyses this question in both the practical and theoretical contexts, beginning with an engagement with prominent approaches within philosophical and theological literature. In addition to this, four leaders of ecclesial groups who claim to be engaged with postmodern culture are interviewed, and a grounded theory analysis carried out upon the transcripts. Anthropology emerges from both practical and theoretical streams of enquiry as an important way of speaking of the possibility of postmodern and theological dialogue. The analyses from both contexts are then brought together, questioning whether a coherent and suitably rigorous anthropology can emerge from postmodern and theological dialogue. It is argued that ‘the participative self’ is just such a concept, emerging from a dialogue between constructivist-Lyotardian postmodernism and open-narrative theology. This suggests that postmodern and theological discourses, when carefully defined, are both suitable and important discourses to hold in dialogue. Furthermore, the method of bringing together practical and theoretical resources demonstrates two final points. First, that Fresh Expressions and Emerging Church groups should not be patronised as ecclesial novelties, but rather groups who offer a serious consideration of theological discourse in its socio-cultural context. Second, that holding practical and theoretical resources in conversation is vital to the development of theology.
36
Messenger, Gregory. « The development of WTO law in light of transnational influences : the merits of a causal approach ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2b2214c2-6e83-44cd-bc07-bd0bf2999dc8.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The WTO is one piece in a complex network of international, regional and domestic legal systems and regulatory frameworks. The influences on the development of WTO law extend far beyond its own Members and institutions: domestic legal instruments have provided the inspiration for numerous WTO obligations while the rights and obligations under the covered agreements are frequently incorporated into the legal systems of the Membership. The WTO is home to numerous committees and working groups that also engage with other international bodies and their domestic counterparts. Transnational actors seek to take advantage of these networks, encouraging WTO law to develop in their favour. The interactions involved, however, are highly complex and unpredictable. By drawing on different models of causal explanation, it is possible to offer a perspective on the development of WTO law that accepts its role as part of a larger globalized process. Three different causal influences are identified: instrumental, systemic and constitutive. Together, they offer a prism through which to examine the development of WTO law as it responds to the behaviour of transnational actors, bridging gaps between international relations and law and, it is hoped, offering a convincing explanatory rationale for the way in which WTO law develops.
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Canacott, John Andrew. « Exploring client and agency perceptions of the relative merits of alternative modes of IMC service provision ». Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11075/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this research is to explore client and agency perceptions of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) and to interpret views on various alternative modes of IMC. Additionally, this research examines IMC implementation from both client and agency perspectives. Several methodological contributions have been achieved through the adoption of a two stage approach incorporating semi structured interviews with client and agency representatives and a tripartite, participant observer, case study during IMC implementation. This study represents the first qualitative emic approach to address the specific phenomenon of IMC implementation. Significant findings highlight the continued lack of a common definition of IMC and its content. Additionally findings illustrate differing views on the strategic role of IMC, coupled with an underestimation of IMC implementation issues. Findings uniquely identify the critical importance of boundary spanning roles and associated individual behaviour at inter and intra firm levels across and within the client and agency divide. Findings underscore a number of key issues that need to be considered such as trust, communication and credibility, in advance of planning and implementing IMC. Findings also identify sales as a potential component of an IMC offering in certain cases and reflect on the benefits this could have in revising some agency remuneration models. Key practitioner findings illustrate requirements for greater IMC implementation planning, consideration of alignment of client and agency structures together with setting and communicating clear objectives to avoid trust and political issues arising later. Findings show that greater consideration needs to be given to management of intra/inter firm boundary spanning personnel suggesting that training and skills development of staff is important. Overall, findings emphasise the company-wide nature of IMC and its implementation.
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Herman, Lise. « The democratic merits of partisanship : a comparative analysis of party member discourse in France and Hungary ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3306/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In recent years, a number of democratic theorists have suggested a range of principles that parties and partisans should follow to make a positive contribution to liberal democracy, thus establishing a normative ideal for democratic partisanship. This thesis addresses two questions. First, to what extent does real-world partisanship— understood as the array of practices and discourses that are attached to party leadership, membership or identification—meet these theoretical standards of democratic partisanship? Second, how can we explain variations in the extent to which real-world partisans uphold these standards? I focus on two specific standards for democratic partisanship. Partisans should first demonstrate cohesiveness, defined as the capacity to put forth programs of government grounded in clearly defined normative commitments and distinct from those of their opponents. Second, partisans should display a commitment to political pluralism, demonstrating respect for political opponents and endorsing the in eliminable character of political disagreement. To answer my first research question, I refine these two standards into a series of more specific criteria, and assess the extent to which grass-root partisan discourse in two country case studies, France and Hungary, meet these criteria. I draw on original data from 28 focus groups conducted in 2013 with a total of 118 young party activists from four different parties. The data is analysed using the text-analysis software NVivo, on the basis of a coding scheme derived from my theoretical framework. The analysis of the coded data shows that French partisans fare better than Hungarian partisans on the criteria established. I also find variations in the extent to which partisans within each country uphold the standards. In response to the second research question, I develop some tentative explanations on the reasons for these variations. The qualitative analysis of the interview transcripts reveals that certain types of cultural resources and external events inhibit democratic forms of partisan discourse, while others enable them.
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Gomez, Thomas C. « The merits of the continued instruction of Ada as a first language at the Naval Postgraduate School ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA286124.
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Lambert, Paul Stewart. « Three developments in the statistical modelling of social survey data : an assessment of technical and substantive merits ». Thesis, Lancaster University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289307.
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Martin, Teresa M. « The ahp promoter of Salmonella enterica sv. typhimurium : regulation and merits for heterologous antigen expression in vivo ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12587.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this thesis, regulation of wild type and Mudlux-tagged ahp expression was examined by reverse transcription and the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Maximum induction of ahpC in MPG203 was seen in LSLB and minimal media, after treatment with both hydrogen peroxide and sodium chloride in combination, which is in agreement with the luminometer data. However, ‘alpC in MPG203 was induced to a greater degree after treatment with hydrogen peroxide compared with sodium chloride, which is in maximum induction of alpC in LSLB was recorded after treatment with salt, and after treatment with a combination of salt and hydrogen peroxide in minimal media. The basis for this aberrant osmoregulation of ahp is still not fully resolved, as to whether it is under transcriptional or post-transcriptional control. Because of its mode of activation of the ahp promoter as a tool for in vivo expression of foreign antigens (Francis et al., 1993; Taylor et al.,1998) was also examined. Two other known in vivo expressed promoters, PpagC and PspvA were included in the study for comparison. The antigens encoded on the plasmids used for immunisation, were gene fragments cloned from listeriolysin (LLO) of Listeria monocytogenes and glycoprotein 63 (Gp63) of Leishmania major which contained T cell epitopes> GFP, was used as a stable protein control was also expressed from a plasmid construct and used for immunisations. Salmonella typhimurium strain MPG424 was utilised as a vector for immunisation. It contained both a purA and an aroA mutation, leaving the strain hyper-attenuated. However, the Escherichia coli purA promoter and gene were supplied in trans on plasmids encoding antigens of interest, to ensure plasmid maintenance and to moderate attenuation by complementation (Nakayama et al. 1988; Curtiss et al. 1990).
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Rahman, Zaharuddin Abd. « Islamic perspectives of derivatives : an appraisal of options, swaps and the merits of the Shariah compliant alternatives ». Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683262.
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Lobban, Ryan. « The merits of the human security paradigm : a materialist account of peasant insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12221.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-76).
Contemporary food security concerns in sub-Saharan Africa centre on the pertinence of food versus fuel forms of production. As the global energy market enters into the postfossil-fuel epoch, the demand on land for commercial biofuel and feedstock production threatens the livelihood of sub-Saharan Africa's sizeable peasant community. This paper examines the theoretical and paradigmatic attributes of the human security and food security rubric, and its pertinence in accounting for the social threats which threaten individuals within an increasingly interconnected global economic system. While the emergence of these neologisms of the critical security studies school represent a marked divergence from that of the traditional approach of understanding security threats, they remained mired in contestation due to their lack of theoretical parsimony.
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Sahr, Duane P. « Merits of Using Tranquilizer Trap Devices on Leg-Hold Traps Used to Capture Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) ». DigitalCommons@USU, 1997. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6562.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Gray wolves (Canis lupus) are frequently captured with leg-hold traps for reintroduction, relocation to reduce depredations on livestock, or as subjects for research projects. Wolves captured with leg-hold traps often sustain injuries to their feet, legs, and teeth during struggles to escape. Other studies have shown that the use of tranquilizer devices on leg-hold traps reduces such injuries to coyotes. This study (1) assessed whether use of tranquilizer trap devices (TTDs) on leg-hold traps reduced the severity of injuries sustained by captured wolves, and (2) examined the effects TTDs have on nontarget species caught during wolf capture operations. Data were collected from 112 wolves (21 pups and 91 adults), as well as 114 nontarget animals from 9 species captured during 1996 in Minnesota. Laboratory evaluations, including radiographs and necropsies of foot and leg injuries of 37 adult wolves captured in Livestock Protection Company (LPC) drag traps equipped with TTDs containing propiopromazine hydrochloride, indicated a significant reduction in severity of injuries compared to traps without TTDs (n = 23) or equipped with placebo TTDs (n = 15). None of the 42 nontarget individuals captured in traps equipped with TTDs containing propiopromazine hydrochloride succumbed to drug overdoses. Injuries were significantly less severe among nontarget animals caught in traps equipped with TTDs containing the tranquilizer, and fewer non target animals (7%) captured in traps equipped with TTDs loaded with propiopromazine sustained severe injuries and had to be destroyed, compared to nontarget animals captured in traps not equipped with propiopromazine TTDs (42%).
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Filho, Antonio Carlos Nachif Correia. « Julgamentos parciais no processo civil ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-13102015-141958/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Este trabalho trata fundamentalmente da admissibilidade dos julgamentos parciais do mérito e de questões de mérito no sistema processual civil brasileiro, considerando especialmente o modelo constitucional de processo civil, bem como no sistema processual prospectivo previsto no Projeto de Novo Código de Processo Civil, que deve entrar vigor em breve. Com este objetivo, será abordado no início da dissertação o dogma da unidade estrutural da sentença, sua origem, fundamentos e aplicabilidade no processo civil brasileiro, já que esse dogma parece ser o principal óbice que se opõe à realização dos julgamentos parciais. Em seguida, procede-se à análise da natureza dos pronunciamentos judiciais em que se realizam os julgamentos parciais, quando admitidos no CPC/73, para defini-los como decisões interlocutórias de mérito (ou de questões de mérito) ou sentenças parciais e intermediárias. Além disso, pretende-se estabelecer os pressupostos autorizadores dos julgamentos parciais, para que, assim, esses julgamentos sejam realizados de forma eficiente e em prol da efetividade da tutela jurisdicional. Trata-se ainda os julgamentos parciais na arbitragem e suas particularidades decorrentes das disposições específicas da Lei de Arbitragem e das características específicas do processo arbitral. Finalmente, nos capítulos finais deste estudo enfrentam-se os obstáculos que geralmente se colocam à realização dos julgamentos parciais relativamente ao âmbito recursal e à formação da coisa julgada. Para esse fim, são abordados a teoria dos capítulos de sentença, os efeitos dos recursos e, especialmente, a formação gradual da coisa julgada à luz da doutrina, da jurisprudência dos Tribunais Superiores e também do Projeto de Novo Código de Processo Civil.This paper deals essentially with the possibility of rendering partial judgments on the merits and on issues of merits in the Brazilian Civil Procedure, considering especially the constitutional framework of civil procedure, as well as in the prospective procedural system provided by the New Code of Civil Procedure bill, which shall be in force soon. With this goal, the principle of the indivisibility of the award on merits, its origins, its grounds and its applicability to the Brazilian Civil Procedure are addressed in the beginning of the dissertation, as this principle seems to be the main obstacle against the partial judgments. Following this, the nature of the judicial decisions in wich the partial judgments take place when admitted by the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure of 1973 shall be analysed, in order to characterize them either as interlocutory decisions on the merits (or on issues of merits) or as partial and intermediate awards. In addition, there is a focus on clarifying the conditions in which partial judgments can be rendered, in order to carried out in and efficient fashion, and hence contributing to the effectiveness of the judicial relief. Moreover, the partial judgments in arbitration, as well as their particularities arisen from the specific provisions under the Arbitration Act and singular characteristics of arbitral procedure are analysed. The final chapters of this paper face the obstacles associated with appeals and with claim preclusion that are usually posed against the rendering of partial judgments. For this scope, there shall be addressed the theory of chapters of the award, the effects of the appeals, and specially the gradual claim preclusion in view of the scholars opinions, the case law of the Higher Courts, and also under the New Code of Civil Procedure bill.
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Dalwai, Ilhaam. « A comparison of technical and environmental merits of producing bio-ethanol and bio-methane from waste paper sludge ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11983.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Includes bibliographical references.The pressing need for alternative methods of waste management in developing countries has led to increased interest in energy recovery from waste. However, owing to the high proportion of wet organic waste, it will be necessary to take material-specific approaches going beyond bulk incineration. Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs) have shown that there is a large potential in bio-energy production from waste papers and cellulosic waste sludge, however, it is still unclear whether it would be more feasible to convert the mostly wet non-recyclable waste paper to bio-methane or to bio-ethanol. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the technical and environmental feasibility of converting waste paper sludge to bio-ethanol and bio-methane for application as a vehicle fuel or for the generation of electricity. The focus of this study was on the conversion of waste paper sludge (WPS) in particular, which is generally sent directly to landfill and rarely treated.
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Tam, Chiu-wan, et 譚肖芸. « Community response to mental health facility : a study of objections to the setting up of a halfway house in SunChui Estate, Shatin ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31247702.
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De, Souza Borba Maira. « La Recherche de la vérité de Descartes et les objections faites aux Méditations métaphysiques : pour une approche systématique du problème de datation ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010519/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser le dialogue cartésien La Recherche de la Vérité par la Lumière Naturelle au sujet d‘une corrélation entre lui et les Objections subis par Descartes à ses Méditations et leurs respectifs Réponses. L’hypothèse principale est que la Recherche a été influencée par les Objections et Réponses, ce qui la situe dans un moment tardif du corpus cartésien. L’étude de La Recherche de la Vérité et de sa relation avec les Règles pour la direction de l’esprit et le Discours de la Méthode, ainsi que l’enquête sur les principales interprétations qui voient la Recherche comme une œuvre d’une époque antérieure aux Méditations révèle qu’il n’y a pas des preuves suffisantes pour établir une proximité temporelle entre eux, ni d’arguments assez forts pour établir une de ces hypothèses au détriment des autres. La comparaison entre la Recherche et les Objections et Réponses, à son tour, montre qu’il y en effet dans la Recherche la présence constante d’éléments du débat suscité par les Méditations. Comme ces éléments ne viennent pas de l’esprit cartésien, mais de nombreux autres savants qui ont lu les Méditations, ils sont plus déterminants pour établir la datation de la Recherche que la comparaison avec n’importe quel autre écrit de Descartes. Toutefois, si les arguments philosophiques et textuels peuvent confirmer l’hypothèse que la Recherche a été influencée par les Objections et Réponses, à eux seuls ils ne sont pas en mesure de nous offrir une datation plus précise pour cette œuvre. Ainsi, il est nécessaire de recourir à l’analyse des arguments historiques et contextuels pour essayer de situer le dialogue dans un moment plus précis entre 1641 et 1650. Compte tenu principalement de la correspondance personnelle du philosophe et des événements marquants de cette période de sa vie, nous concluons que la date la plus probable se situerait entre 1646 et 1647The aim of this thesis is to analyze Descartes’ dialogue The Search for Truth by means of the Natural Light regarding a comparison between it and the Objections suffered by Descartes to his Meditations and their respective Replies. The main hypothesis is that the Recherche has been influenced by the Objections and Replies, which in turn puts this work in a late stage of the Cartesian corpus. The study of the Search for Truth and its relation to the Rules for the Direction of the Mind and the Discourse on the Method, as well as the investigation of the main interpretations that perceive the Search as a work of an earlier time to the Meditations, reveals that there is no sufficient evidence to establish a temporal proximity between them, and there are no strong enough arguments for establish these hypotheses to the detriment of others. The comparison between the Search and the Objections and Replies, on the other hand, shows that there are in the Search the constant presence of elements from the debate generated by the Meditations, such elements are more crucial to establish the dating of the Search than the comparison to any other written of Descartes, because they are not from the Cartesian mind, but of many other scholars who read their Meditations. Whereas the philosophical and textual arguments are able to confirm the hypothesis that the Search has been influenced by the Objections and Replies, alone they are not able to offer a more precise dating for this work. Thus, the analysis of historical and contextual arguments is necessary in order to locate the dialogue in a more precise time between 1641 and 1650. In view of the personal correspondence of the philosopher and the events that marked this period of his life, our conclusion is that the most likely date would be between 1646 and 1647
Recherche de la Véritée de sua relação com as Regras para a orientação do espírito e com o Discurso do Método, bem como a investigação das principais interpretações que veem a Recherche como uma obra de um momento anterior às Meditações, revela que não há elementos suficientes para estabelecer uma proximidade temporal entre esses textos, tampouco há argumentos suficientemente fortes para estabelecer uma dessas hipóteses em detrimento das outras. A comparação entre a Recherchee as Objeções e Respostas, por sua vez, demonstra que de fato há no diálogo a presença constante de elementos provenientes do debate gerado pelas Meditações, elementos que, por não serem provenientes da mente cartesiana, mas de diversos outros sábios, são mais determinantes para estabelecer sua datação do que a comparação com qualquer outro escrito de Descartes. Contudo, se os argumentos filosóficos e textuais são capazes de nos confirmar a hipótese de que a Recherche tenha sido influenciada pelas Objeções e Respostas, sozinhos eles não são capazes de nos oferecer uma datação mais precisa para essa obra. Deste modo é necessário recorrer à análise dos argumentos históricos e contextuais para tentar situar o diálogo em um momento mais preciso entre 1641 e 1650. A partir principalmente da correspondência pessoal do filósofo e dos acontecimentos que marcaram esse período de sua vida, chegamos à conclusão de que a data mais provável seria entre 1646 e 1647
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Thiele, Margaret. « Religion, public education, and gender : a feminist critical analysis of policies implemented for objections to music in mixed-gender elementary education courses ». Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12651.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (D.M.A.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.In 2008 the Michigan State Board of Education adopted new certification standards for teacher preparation institutions training elementary classroom teachers. Eight content areas were identified, one of which was visual and performing arts. Standard 1.5, Visual and Performing Arts states candidates are to demonstrate knowledge and understanding in the areas of dance, music, theatre, and the visual arts. Teacher preparation institutions around the state have created or modified a music class in response to the new state standard. Most music courses require some degree of participation in music by elementary teacher candidates. Completion of the required music course is problematic for some Muslim and Orthodox Jewish female candidates due to religious restrictions on music participation in mixed-gender settings. A policy implementation analysis was conducted through a collective case study to determine what policies public universities would implement when women in the elementary education program voiced objections to participation in required music courses. A feminist critical lens was used in analyzing the data. Nine universities were selected for participation. Administrators and instructors from the College of Education and music departments participated in interviews or completed surveys during the 2009- 2010 school year to determine: (a) if there had been instances of female students voicing objections to participation, (b) what policies were implemented when students voiced objections, and (c) what policies would be implemented should objections be raised in the future. I looked for the ways in which capacity, communication, dispositions, and bureaucratic structures either advanced or curtailed policy implementation in equitable ways for women with religious restrictions. In addition, I analyzed Federal, state, and policies posted on university web sites to determine which policies were best suited to creating open access and equalized educational opportunities for women with religious restrictions. Two institutions reported instances of Muslim women voicing objections to participation in the required music course. Resolutions were unique to each woman's situation. Diversity policies, Title IX, and Title IX 2006 Amendment were identified as the policies most advantageous for creating an equitable education that provides complete instructional benefits for candidates and satisfies state mandates. I conclude with a discussion on the cultural homogenization of the curriculum and offer recommendations for ways in which universities can expand diversity initiatives through single-sex music classes for women.
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Meier, Peter. « Testosteron-Behandlung des älteren Mannes in der Schweiz im internationalen Vergleich ». Thesis, Dresden International University, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-216574.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In der Schweiz wird die Diskussion um eine Testosteron-Behandlung gerade beim älteren Mann sehr konservativ und mit vielen Vorbehalten geführt. In der schweizerischen Fachliteratur finden sich keine nationalen Guidelines zu diesem Thema. In Zeitungsartikeln in schweizerischen Fachzeitschriften wird die Testosteron-Behandlung befürwortet, aber mit vielen Einschränkungen und Vorbehalten versehen. Daraus lässt sich eine Gruppe von „offenen Fragen“ zusammenstellen, die in der Folge aufgrund der aktuellen internationalen Fachliteratur diskutiert werdenThe discussion about testosterone therapy is hold in Switzerland in a conservative way and with many objections. In the Swiss medical literature there are no national guidelines published about this object. In publications in Swiss medical papers the testosterone therapy is approved but with many restrictions and reservations. There are some "open questions" collected together and discussed comparing the actual international medical literature