Articles de revues : « Nuto revelli »

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Pirovano, Massimo. « Ricordo di Nuto Revelli ». La Ricerca Folklorica, n^o 49 (avril 2004) : 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1479944.

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Colin, Mariella. « Nuto Revelli, La guerre des pauvres ». Transalpina, n^o 24 (14 octobre 2021) : 194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/transalpina.1044.

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Mattiato, Emmanuel. « Nuto Revelli : la ribellione come creazione. » Mnemosyne, n^o 5 (15 octobre 2018) : 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/mnemosyne.v0i5.13503.

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Nuto Revelli scoprì le atrocità della Seconda guerra mondiale sul fronte orientale in quanto alpino. La sua carriera letteraria iniziò immediatamente dopo l’immane catastrofe della ritirata di Russia, nell’inverno 1943. I suoi primi testi sono chiaramente autobiografici e tornano sulla sua gioventù sotto il fascismo, a cui aderisce in un primo tempo prima di combatterlo senza pietà, impegnandosi nella Resistenza fin dall’8 settembre. Fino alla sua morte nel 2004, assistiamo ad una dilatazione della sua sfera analitica, ad un allargamento dall’io al noi. Dagli anni Sessanta i suoi scritti raccolgono le testimonianze orali dei « vinti », specialmente di chi non esiste più politicamente, che si tratti dei soldati caduti o dispersi di cui pubblica le lettere, della società contadina delle Langhe, delle donne migranti, e perfino di un prete ribelle e « giusto » che diviene, in uno degli ultimi libri di Revelli, il suo doppio. Mai Revelli, che definiva se stesso un mero « manovale della ricerca », si accontentò di riunire tali testimonianze secondo il metodo del reportage o dell’inchiesta sociologica, anzi concepì il proprio compito come un dialogo, un atto intersoggettivo : offrire a coloro che non hanno più voce un’occasione autobiografica, confrontando però la propria esperienza alla loro.

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Guillon, Jean-Marie, Michele Calandri et Mario Cordero. « "Nuto Revelli, percorsi di memoria", Il Presente e la Storia ». Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire, n^o 66 (avril 2000) : 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3770893.

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Girinon, Armelle. « Nuto Revelli, Les deux guerres. Guerre fasciste et guerre de libération ». Transalpina, n^o 24 (14 octobre 2021) : 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/transalpina.1014.

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Stewart, Fiona M. « The interaction of methodology with an impegno del dopo in Nuto Revelli's collections of oral testimonies ». Modern Italy 13, n^o 1 (février 2008) : 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940701765932.

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Among his varied publications, Nuto Revelli (1919–2004) produced three collections of oral testimonies gathered from the contadini (peasants) of Piedmont: La strada del davai, Il mondo dei vinti and L’anello forte. This article argues that these collections were the product of the same specific impegno del dopo (‘obligation of afterwards’) as his initial autobiographical writings, which had arisen from his experiences as an officer on the Russian Front during the Second World War. From this premise, the article then examines the interaction of Revelli's sense of impegno del dopo with the methodology he developed. The article concludes with an assessment of Revelli's stated aims and his actual achievements.

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Bosworth, R. J. B. « Nuto Revelli, Mussolini’s Death March : Eyewitness Accounts of Italian Soldiers on the Eastern Front ». European History Quarterly 46, n^o 1 (janvier 2016) : 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691415622934aa.

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Zana Regniez, Marie-Françoise. « Du mythe du « cavalier solitaire » à la quête du « bon allemand » : une métaphore obsédante chez Nuto Revelli ». Cahiers d’études italiennes, n^o 3 (15 juin 2005) : 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cei.284.

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Martini, Alessandro. « “Con la guerra nel cervello” : la memorialistica alla prova degli anni Ottanta. Il disperso di marburg di Nuto Revelli ». Cahiers d’études italiennes, n^o 14 (15 mars 2012) : 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cei.530.

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Foot, John. « Mussolini's Death March : Eyewitness Accounts of Italian Soldiers on the Eastern Front. By Nuto Revelli. (Lawrence, KS : University Press of Kansas, 2013. Pp. xxxii, 640. $45.00.) ». Historian 77, n^o 1 (1 mars 2015) : 188–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hisn.12056_63.

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Lopes, Beatriz de Oliveira, Caroline Correa de Souza Coelho, Aparecida das Graças Claret Souza et Otniel Freitas-Silva. « Non-timber Amazonian Forest Products and Their Valuable Edible Nuts : Cutia Nut, Egg Nut, Sapucaia Nut and Brazil Nut ». Journal of Agricultural Studies 9, n^o 1 (20 janvier 2021) : 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v9i1.18050.

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The Amazon region contains the world’s leading genetic reserve of native plants, with most of the area located in Brazil. This region is rich in species that little known or still unknown by the population at large, including species that produce non-timber forest products (NTFPs) such as edible nuts. The objective was to verify the occurrence of these edible nuts in Brazil, to evaluate their potential and the possibility of other uses, in addition to expanding the knowledge about them. A bibliographic review of the last 50 years was carried out, mainly using the descriptors the popular name and the scientific name of the four nut trees present in the Amazon and their respective families, namely: agouti nut (Acioa edulis Prance) and egg nut (Acioa longipendula Pilg.) From the Chrysobalanaceae family, and sapucaia nut (Lecythis Pisonis Miers) and Brazil nut (Bertholletia excels Bonpl.) From the Lecythidaceae family. The Chrysobalanaceae has 450 species and 17 genera of woody plants and shrubs, producing oilseeds by some species, including egg and agouti nuts. The Lecythidaceae, on the other hand, has approximately 17 genera and 300 species, and in Brazil it is possible to find 9 genera and 122 species, 54 of them endemic, some of which produce edible seeds such as sapucaia and Brazil nuts. Those species have a great nutritional potential, and the chemical composition of their nuts reveals a good amount of lipids and proteins, but more in-depth research on the subject is necessary, including on other biases for better knowledge of the species, discovery of other potential uses and benefits and, consequently, their valorization.

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Manousopoulou, A., Y. Koutmani, S. Karaliota, C. H. Woelk, E. S. Manolakos, K. Karalis et S. D. Garbis. « Hypothalamus proteomics from mouse models with obesity and anorexia reveals therapeutic targets of appetite regulation ». Nutrition & ; Diabetes 6, n^o 4 (avril 2016) : e204-e204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2016.10.

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Kelder, T., J. H. M. Stroeve, S. Bijlsma, M. Radonjic et G. Roeselers. « Correlation network analysis reveals relationships between diet-induced changes in human gut microbiota and metabolic health ». Nutrition & ; Diabetes 4, n^o 6 (juin 2014) : e122-e122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2014.18.

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Li, Qifeng, Bing Dang, Chuipeng Kong, Erxing Peng, Wei Cao, Xiaoying Hu et Dandan Li. « Research on properties of solidified loess with calcined ginger nuts in rammed earth for sapping area of earthen sites ». E3S Web of Conferences 269 (2021) : 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126901005.

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As a non-toxic and pollution-free curing agent, calcined ginger nuts is introduced to protect rock soil cultural relics recently. In order to study the weatherability, chroma and mechanical properties of solidified loess with calcined ginger nuts, based on the reinforcement project of sapping area of Niutoucheng site in Lintan County of China, a series of tests were conducted at different ages. The results show that the properties of solidified loess are related to the dosage and curing ages. With the increase of dosage and ages, the anti disintegration and anti shrinkage properties are improved, and the mechanical properties are also improved. This study validates that as a new material, calcined ginger nuts is an effective curing agent for rammed earth to reinforce earthen sites. Moreover, the study provides support for its application in earthen sites and reveals its potential engineering practical value.

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Santonja Gómez-Agero, Gonzalo. « Donde se revela el nombre en muerte de Pedro Rojas ». Archivo Vallejo 1, n^o 1 (29 novembre 2018) : 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34092/av.v1i1.29.

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En el tercer poema de España, aparta de mí este cáliz, se presenta a Pedro Rojas, el hombre que «solía escribir con su dedo grande en el aire», «padre y hombre, marido y hombre, ferroviario y hombre», a quien César Vallejo hace mirandés, o sea, de Miranda de Ebro, enclave industrial y nudo ferroviario en el noreste de la provincia de Burgos. En este texto se revela valiosa información sobre el nombre y la procedencia de Pedro Rojas.

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Lewis, Amanda L., Jean-Bernard Lubin, Shilpa Argade, Natasha Naidu, Biswa Choudhury et E. Fidelma Boyd. « Genomic and Metabolic Profiling of Nonulosonic Acids in Vibrionaceae Reveal Biochemical Phenotypes of Allelic Divergence in Vibrio vulnificus ». Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, n^o 16 (1 juillet 2011) : 5782–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00712-11.

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ABSTRACTNonulosonic acids (NulOs) encompass a large group of structurally diverse nine-carbon backbone α-keto sugars widely distributed among the three domains of life. Mammals express a specialized version of NulOs called sialic acids, which are displayed in prominent terminal positions of cell surface and secreted glycoconjugates. Within bacteria, the ability to synthesize NulOs has been demonstrated in a number of human pathogens and is phylogenetically widespread. Here we examine the distribution, diversity, evolution, and function of NulO biosynthesis pathways in members of the familyVibrionaceae. Among 27 species ofVibrionaceaeexamined at the genomic level, 12 species containednabgene clusters. We document examples of duplication, divergence, horizontal transfer, and recombination ofnabgene clusters in differentVibrionaceaelineages. Biochemical analyses, including mass spectrometry, confirmed that many species do, in fact, produce di-N-acetylated NulOs. A library of clinical and environmental isolates ofVibrio vulnificusserved as a model for further investigation ofnaballele genotypes and levels of NulO expression. The data show that lineage I isolates produce about 20-fold higher levels of NulOs than lineage II isolates. Moreover,nabgene alleles found in a subset ofV. vulnificusclinical isolates express 40-fold higher levels of NulOs thannaballeles associated with environmental isolates. Taken together, the data implicate the familyVibrionaceaeas a “hot spot” of NulO evolution and suggest that these molecules may have diverse roles in environmental persistence and/or animal virulence.

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Beck, Krzysztof. « Business cycle synchronization in European Union : regional perspective ». Equilibrium 11, n^o 4 (31 décembre 2016) : 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil.2016.036.

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The recent turmoil in the euro area once more forces the EU authorities to reconsider the future of further monetary integration. One of the most commonly used criteria for successful monetary integration in contemporary research is business cycle synchronization (BCS). Though BCS has been vastly described at country level, not as much attention has been paid to the degree of BSC at regional level. The topic is important for two main reasons. Firstly, determining the degree of BCS at the regional level can help in the assessment of monetary policy effectiveness on the country level, as well as give a point of reference for evaluation of prospective costs of participation in a monetary union. Secondly, there is a theoretical dispute within the optimum currency areas literature between the ‘European Commission’ and the ‘Krugman’ view that can be resolved to a large extent trough regional analysis. In order to assess BCS in the EU, Hodrick-Prescott, as well as Christiano and Fitzgerald filter to time series of real GDP for 24 countries, 82 NUTS 1, 242 NUTS 2 and 1264 NUTS 3 regions over the period between 1998 and 2010. The data was later used to create bilateral measures of BSC, which gave 276 observations on the country level, 3321 on NUTS 1, 29161 on NUTS 2 and 798216 on NUTS 3 level. The results of the analysis support the ‘European Commission’ view and show a very high degree of BSC within EU countries. The country level analysis also reveals that within the EU there is a group of countries that could form an effectively working monetary union based on the BCS criterion.

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Axel, Erik. « What Makes us Talk about Wing Nuts ? » Theory & ; Psychology 19, n^o 2 (avril 2009) : 275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354309103542.

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Critical Psychology is discussed as an historical science of the subject. The confrontation of human and machine is used to differentiate subjects in action from notions of isolated, formal mental mechanisms. An investigation of operators' regulation in a control room reveals issues of how subjects must re-arrange conditions to act more appropriately. The operators do not know everything necessary to act. This means that they must act on the basis of a concrete, varied, and situated understanding of their work. Since the dilemmas of work have no correct solutions, the operators must break rules to follow them and thereby re-arrange conditions. Each worker has his perspective on the problems. The differences are sorted out in conflictual cooperation. This challenges the more mediated aspects of work conditions.

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Dong, Zhaobin, Zhennan Xu, Ling Xu, Mary Galli, Andrea Gallavotti, Hugo K. Dooner et George Chuck. « Necrotic upper tips1mimics heat and drought stress and encodes a protoxylem-specific transcription factor in maize ». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, n^o 34 (10 août 2020) : 20908–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2005014117.

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Maintaining sufficient water transport during flowering is essential for proper organ growth, fertilization, and yield. Water deficits that coincide with flowering result in leaf wilting, necrosis, tassel browning, and sterility, a stress condition known as “tassel blasting.” We identified a mutant,necrotic upper tips1(nut1), that mimics tassel blasting and drought stress and reveals the genetic mechanisms underlying these processes. Thenut1phenotype is evident only after the floral transition, and the mutants have difficulty moving water as shown by dye uptake and movement assays. These defects are correlated with reduced protoxylem vessel thickness that indirectly affects metaxylem cell wall integrity and function in the mutant.nut1is caused by anActransposon insertion into the coding region of a uniqueNACtranscription factor within theVNDclade ofArabidopsis. NUT1 localizes to the developing protoxylem of root, stem, and leaf sheath, but not metaxylem, and its expression is induced by flowering. NUT1 downstream target genes function in cell wall biosynthesis, apoptosis, and maintenance of xylem cell wall thickness and strength. These results show that maintaining protoxylem vessel integrity during periods of high water movement requires the expression of specialized, dynamically regulated transcription factors within the vasculature.

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Kongnine, Damgou Mani, Pali Kpelou, N’Gissa Attah, Saboilliè Kombate, Essowè Mouzou, Gnande Djeteli et Kossi Napo. « Energy Resource of Charcoals Derived from Some Tropical Fruits Nuts Shells ». International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 9, n^o 1 (28 décembre 2019) : 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.29-35.

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This work was focused on carbonizing four tropical fruits shells wastes such as: coconut shells (CS), palmyra shells (PS), doum palm shells (DPS), whole fruit of doum palm (WFDP) and teak wood (TW) used as control. The aim was to investigate the potential of those biochar to be used as an alternative energy source in replacement ofcharcoal. The raw biomasses samples were carbonized under the same conditions and some combustion characteristics of the obtained biochar such as lower calorific value, energy per unit volume associated to bulk density, ash content, moisture content and ash mineral content were investigated. The temperature in the furnace was estimated during carbonization process using a K-type thermocouple. The thermal profile of the studied raw biomasses reveals three phases of carbonization. The biochar yield drops significantly for all biomasses as the final maximum temperature increases. The average yields obtained ranged from 37.81 % for palmyra shells to 27.57 % for the doum palm shells. The highest yield achieved was 42.32 % obtained at 280 °C for palmyra shells, the lowest yield (24.42 %) was recorded at the highest maximum temperature of 590 ° C for doum palm shells. The results of energy parameters of the studied biochar showed that coconut shells charcoal presented the highest lower calorific value (28.059 MJ.kg-1), followed by doum palm shells (26.929 MJ.kg-1) when, with 25.864 MJ.kg-1, whole fruit of doum palm charcoal showed the lowest lower calorific value. Similarly, with the highest bulk density of 0.625 g/cm3 coconut shells charcoal presented the highest energy per unit volume (17536.88 J/cm3), whereas with the lowest bulk density of 0.415 g/cm3, whole fruit of doum palm charcoal presented the lowest energy per unit volume. The ash content analysis showed that whole fruit of doum palm had the highest ash content (18.75 %) and palmyra nut shells charcoal (8.42 %).Teak wood charcoal, took as control, has the highest lower calorific value (32.163 MJ.kg-1), less dense as coconut shell (0.43 g/cm3), his energy per unit of volume is 13830.09 j/cm3 but the lowest value of as content (2.90 %). Among these biomasses charcoals, only whole fruit of doum palm charcoal ash showed a high chloride and sulfide content respectively 9.73 % and 1.75 % in weight. From these results, the produced charcoals could be used as alternative fuels except for whole fruits of doum palm charcoal which chloride and sulfide content were found high. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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Barros, Antonio Teixeira de. « Juventude e poder político local : a percepção e o discurso de jovens sobre as eleições municipais de 2016 ». Sociedade e Estado 33, n^o 3 (décembre 2018) : 849–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-6992-201833030009.

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Resumo O artigo tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento político dos eleitores jovens perante o pleito municipal de 2016 no Brasil, com base em questionário aplicado a 1.221 sujeitos, após o segundo turno das eleições. O questionário contempla aspectos como: (a) o que motiva/desmotiva os jovens a votar para prefeito e vereador; (b) quais as qualidades dos candidatos que são mais valorizadas por eles; (c) por que votam em branco ou nulo; (d) o comportamento deles durante a campanha eleitoral; (e) os temas de maior interesse durante o debate eleitoral; (f) as fontes de informação política mais usadas pelos informantes. Entre os resultados, destaca-se um paradoxo: os jovens manifestam insatisfação com a política e por isso votam em branco ou nulo como protesto, porém, os dados revelam motivações que se situam na esfera tradicional, como o voto em candidatos provenientes de famílias que já atuam na política local.

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Chiang, Chang-Hsu, Chih-Ching Wu, Li-Yu Lee, Yi-Chen Li, Hao-Ping Liu, Chia-Wei Hsu, Ya-Ching Lu, Joseph T. Chang et Ann-Joy Cheng. « Proteomics Analysis Reveals Involvement of Krt17 in Areca Nut-Induced Oral Carcinogenesis ». Journal of Proteome Research 15, n^o 9 (4 août 2016) : 2981–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00138.

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Zhang, Bo-Wen, Lin-Lin Xu, Nan Li, Peng-Cheng Yan, Xin-Hua Jiang, Keith E. Woeste, Kui Lin, Susanne S. Renner, Da-Yong Zhang et Wei-Ning Bai. « Phylogenomics Reveals an Ancient Hybrid Origin of the Persian Walnut ». Molecular Biology and Evolution 36, n^o 11 (4 juin 2019) : 2451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz112.

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Abstract Persian walnut (Juglans regia) is cultivated worldwide for its high-quality wood and nuts, but its origin has remained mysterious because in phylogenies it occupies an unresolved position between American black walnuts and Asian butternuts. Equally unclear is the origin of the only American butternut, J. cinerea. We resequenced the whole genome of 80 individuals from 19 of the 22 species of Juglans and assembled the genome of its relatives Pterocarya stenoptera and Platycarya strobilacea. Using phylogenetic-network analysis of single-copy nuclear genes, genome-wide site pattern probabilities, and Approximate Bayesian Computation, we discovered that J. regia (and its landrace J. sigillata) arose as a hybrid between the American and the Asian lineages and that J. cinerea resulted from massive introgression from an immigrating Asian butternut into the genome of an American black walnut. Approximate Bayesian Computation modeling placed the hybrid origin in the late Pliocene, ∼3.45 My, with both parental lineages since having gone extinct in Europe.

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Sütyemez, Mehmet, Akide Özcan et Şakir Burak Bükücü. « A superior genetic source for late leafing in walnut ‘Ahir Nut’ ». Horticultural Science 49, No. 4 (22 décembre 2022) : 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/22/2022-hortsci.

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One of the main objectives of walnut crossbreeding programmes is to produce cultivars with late leafing dates. Sixteen years ago, a walnut crossbreeding programme was initiated by Prof. Mehmet Sütyemez, and now a new walnut genotype, namely ‘Ahir Nut’, has been generated with a leafing date that starts later than all commercially-famous walnut cultivars in the world. The present study describes this walnut genotype. For a detailed analysis, ‘Ahir Nut’ was compared with two French-origin walnut cultivars, i.e., ‘Franquette’ and ‘Ronde de Montignac’, which have had the latest leafing dates until now. In an experimental orchard in Turkey, the leafing date in ‘Ahir Nut’ was 14 May, whereas the leafing date in ‘Franquette’ and ‘Ronde de Montignac’ were 23 April and 25 April, respectively. This approximately 3-week difference between ‘Franquette’ and ‘Ronde de Montignac’ to ‘Ahir Nut’ reveals how valuable this genotype is for walnut breeding studies. The harvest dates for ‘Ahir Nut’, ‘Franquette’ and ‘Ronde de Montignac’ were 4 October, 3 October, and 7 October, respectively. The defoliation date for ‘Ahir Nut’ was 4 December. The nut weight and kernel percentage of ‘Ahir Nut’ were calculated as 11.61 g and 49.84%, respectively. Remarkable phenological traits were found in ‘Ahir Nut’, making it a promising option for future walnut cultivation. In the present study, the late leafing date of ‘Ahir Nut’ prompted further research into the molecular and walnut crossbreeding potentials. This new genotype has been conserved as an important genetic resource for future walnut breeding programmes around the world.

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Amaliyah, Novriany, et Andi Erwin Eka Putra. « Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of Cashew Nut Shell ». International Journal of Design & ; Nature and Ecodynamics 16, n^o 2 (30 avril 2021) : 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.160213.

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This research examines the characteristics of microwave assisted pyrolysis products of cashew nutshell waste (CNS). The pyrolysis process of CNS conducted with microwave heating of 400 W for 60 minutes. Pyrolysis product such as bio-gas, bio-oil and bio-char were identified using proximate and ultimate analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) Method. There is a significant increasing in volatile matter and fixed carbon of derived bio-char and the porous structure was observed in a range of macropore after pyrolysis. The TGA profile reveals CNS sample lost about 71.25% of mass before reached 750℃. The highest decomposition rate on the DTG profile was 0.57 mg/min and 0.56 mg/min as observed at about 261.2℃ and 340.3℃. Bio-oil yield has density of 1.036 gr/ml, viscosity of 19.5 cst after water removing, flash point of 138℃ and HHV of 21.7 MJ/kg. The GC-MS of the bio-oil shows about 53% phenol, 19% palmitic and oleic acid, 11% cyclobutene, 14% ethyl and methyl ester, and cyclopentene and cyclohexane in small amounts in accordance with FT-IR results.

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Johnson, Jennifer, Andrei Malinovschi, Kjell Alving, Jonas Lidholm, Magnus P. Borres et Lennart Nordvall. « Ten-year review reveals changing trends and severity of allergic reactions to nuts and other foods ». Acta Paediatrica 103, n^o 8 (2 juillet 2014) : 862–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.12687.

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Kaurova, Ol'ga, Aleksandr Maloletko et Aleksandr Tkach. « CONSUMER COOPERATION IN THE FORMATION OF FOOD RESOURCES ». Russian Journal of Management 8, n^o 4 (25 janvier 2021) : 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2020-8-4-26-30.

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The relevance, novelty and economic significance of consumer cooperation in the formation of food resources in Russia is justified by the huge state significance of the effective use of cooperative resources in the organization of sales of products of personal subsidiary and peasant (farm) farms. The article reveals the economic mission of consumer societies, consumer cooperatives and consumer unions, and reveals their role in saturating the agri-food market with various types of food products, including environmentally friendly forest products: mushrooms, berries, nuts, etc. The author reveals and argues the role of consumer cooperation in the formation of food resources, in the development of small agricultural businesses, agricultural sectors, in improving the efficiency of procurement cooperative enterprises, increasing the competitiveness of domestic agricultural producers, and improving the standard of living in rural areas. In order to improve the efficiency of small businesses, it is advisable to create vertical cooperatives with the participation of producers and processors of agricultural products, determine the development prospects, and fulfill the contractual relations of cooperation partners.

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Geib, Phil R. « Age Discrepancies with the Radiocarbon Dating of Sagebrush (Artemisia Tridentata Nutt.) ». Radiocarbon 50, n^o 3 (2008) : 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200053480.

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When ancient hearths at open archaeological sites do not yield carbonized annual plant remains or other high-quality samples, wood charcoal is commonly used for radiocarbon dating. Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.), a shrub frequently used for fuel across much of the western United States, seems a potentially better candidate for 14C dating than tree wood since the possibility for significant age discrepancy might be less. A comparison of multiple assays from single features reveals that sagebrush can overestimate age more than even tree wood charcoal. A plausible cause of this appears to be persistence of the shrub on the ground surface for an extended interval after death, such that use as fuel almost invariably occurs hundreds of years after fixation of carbon. The potential for age discrepancy may decrease as population density increases because the demand for fuel wood would have resulted in a more rapid turnover of the fuel biomass. This is not true for Archaic period foragers of western North America when population levels were likely quite low and residential mobility quite high.

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Miranda Meza, Andrea. « Con cuerpo y sin cuerpo : Naturaleza/ Tecnología y un nudo entre ambos ». Re-presentaciones. Periodismo, Comunicación y Sociedad, n^o 13 (13 juillet 2020) : 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35588/rp.v0i13.4530.

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El cuerpo implica una alteridad, un lazo social que permite la construcción subjetiva. La tecnología le permite hacerse un cuerpo propio, construir un nuevo cuerpo de diferentes maneras. Las tecnologías en el cuerpo, la salud, las maneras de alimentarse y de habitar un espacio, esta intervención no es sólo en cada cuerpo individual sino también al conjunto del cuerpo social. El espacio entero de las existencias se politiza sobre el cuerpo. La evolución humana podrá depender de la tecnología ¿Qué somos o estamos dejando de ser? Muchas de las preguntas dominan el paisaje de las respuestas especulativas en las que, el cuerpo, constituye el punto central. En este contexto, el cuerpo adquiere una importancia en la crítica social y la tecnología, nos permite conocer mejor las estructuras mediante el cual, el cuerpo como un conjunto de instalaciones, revelan el mapa de lo corporal en el momento presente.

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Razafsky, David, et Didier Hodzic. « Bringing KASH under the SUN : the many faces of nucleo-cytoskeletal connections ». Journal of Cell Biology 186, n^o 4 (17 août 2009) : 461–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200906068.

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The nucleus is the most prominent cellular organelle, and its sharp boundaries suggest the compartmentalization of the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. However, the recent identification of evolutionarily conserved linkers of the nucleoskeleton to the cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes, a family of macromolecular assemblies that span the double membrane of the nuclear envelope, reveals tight physical connections between the two compartments. Here, we review the structure and evolutionary conservation of SUN and KASH domain–containing proteins, whose interaction within the perinuclear space forms the “nuts and bolts” of LINC complexes. Moreover, we discuss the function of these complexes in nuclear, centrosomal, and chromosome dynamics, and their connection to human disease.

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Ayan, Sezgin, Erkan Ünalan, Oytun Sakici, Esra Yer, Fulvio Ducci, Vasilije Isajev et Halil Ozel. « Preliminary results of Turkish hazelnut (Corylus colurna L.) populations for testing the nut characteristics ». Genetika 50, n^o 2 (2018) : 669–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1802669a.

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This paper aims to identify the hazelnut characteristics of four different populations (A?l?-Tunuslar, A?l?-M?sellimler, Ara?-G?zl?k and Tosya-K???ksekiler) in the North Western Black Sea Region of Turkey, one of the most important areas of economic interest for this species. There, the Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna L.) grows in its optimal conditions and reveals relatively high inter-population and intra-population variation in terms of nut characteristics. With the purpose of assessing variation, measurements were performed in four populations in Kastamonu district on 14 different nut characteristics (number of nuts per cluster, nut length (mm), nut width (mm), nut thickness (mm), shell thickness (mm), nut size (mm), nut shape, compression index, nut weight (g), kernel length (mm), kernel width (mm), kernel thickness (mm), kernel weight (g) and kernel ratio (%) of representative samples of the populations. Significant differences were found out among populations with regard to all of nut characteristics (p<0.05). The four populations have created two groups, population of A?l?-Tunuslar and the others, according to cluster analysis. The closest populations have been Tosya-K???ksekiler and Ara?-G?zl?k in terms of nut characteristics. According to the results obtained either on population basis or without population discrimination; significant correlations were determined between the majorities of the nut characters. The Ara?-G?zl?k population showed nuts the biggest among those examined and it is the population which took the highest values in terms of nut size traits while the Tosya-K???ksekiler provenance showed the highest values with the average values of 5, 15.92 mm, 1.32 and 11.75 mm respectively for nuts per cluster, nut width, compression index and kernel width. The A?l?-Tunuslar population showed the highest kernel ratio with 38.2%.

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Penny, John. « Making multiple masculinities in men’s magazines : Constructions and portrayals of 21st century man and attendant implications for counselling psychology ». Counselling Psychology Review 22, n^o 2 (mai 2007) : 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpr.2007.22.2.5.

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In November, 2006, the National Union of Students proposed that the men’s lifestyle magazines Nuts and Zoo be taken off university shop shelves and sold under the counter (MediaGuardian.co.uk, 13 November, 2006). This paper reviews the body of research since 2000 into the constructions of masculinity portrayed in such lifestyle magazines and suggests that to understand the messages of the magazines is to gain insight into the masculinities being constructed and their appeal for the white, male readers at whom the magazines are aimed. In turn, this reveals possible implications for counselling psychology if men are constructing masculinity in ways that may impact on mental health or on willingness to address emotional issues.

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Santis-Aguas, Evelio Jose. « La investigación : Un nudo crítico en la docencia universitaria, reflexiones y complejidades ». Panorama Económico 18 (1 janvier 2010) : 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32997/2463-0470-vol.18-num.18-2010-393.

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Este estudio de carácter cualitativo, tiene como propósito revelar los significados construidos por los docentes de educación superior en Colombia, en particular la Universidad de La Guajira sobre la investigación: Un Nudo Crítico En La Docencia Universitaria. Se elaboró sobre la base del diseño sugerido por Bonilla y Rodríguez (1) y adaptado por Santis (2009). El método elegido dentro de la tradición cualitativa fue el etnográfico apoyado en el fundamento epistemológico de la filosofía fenomenológica, combinado con la técnica de análisis de datos sugerida por Strauss y Corbin (2), la práctica de recogida de datos consistió en 10 entrevistas a docentes universitarios grabadas, transcritas e interpretadas por el investigador, luego contrastada con los informantes dándole continua validez interpretativa y descriptiva a los datos y sus significados. Se agruparon en 4 temas, 11 categorías emergentes y 4 sub categorías con mayor significancia, de acuerdo a la oralidad de los informantes. Se analizaron y fueron integradas en un gráfico que permitió comprender la condición de los docentes universitarios sobre la función de investigación en la docencia universitaria. Se concluye, que los docentes de la Universidad de La Guajira presentan baja productividad investigativa, por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar sus competencias investigativasPalabras clave: Investigación cualitativa, actitud, resistencia al cambio, competencias investigativas, función investigación, docencia universitaria.

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Cortés‐Martín, Adrián, María Victoria Selma, Juan Carlos Espín et Rocío García‐Villalba. « The Human Metabolism of Nuts Proanthocyanidins does not Reveal Urinary Metabolites Consistent with Distinctive Gut Microbiota Metabotypes ». Molecular Nutrition & ; Food Research 63, n^o 2 (26 novembre 2018) : 1800819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201800819.

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Saeed, Hanaa, Christine Gagnon, Elroy Cober et Steve Gleddie. « Using patient serum to epitope map soybean glycinins reveals common epitopes shared with many legumes and tree nuts ». Molecular Immunology 70 (février 2016) : 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2015.12.008.

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White, Joseph DM, Gary N. Bronner et Jeremy J. Midgley. « Camera-trapping and seed-labelling reveals widespread granivory and scatter-hoarding of nuts by rodents in the Fynbos Biome ». African Zoology 52, n^o 1 (2 janvier 2017) : 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2017.1292861.

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Rosa, Vítor Alberto, João Sampaio Maia, Daniela Mascarenhas et António Teodoro. « PISA, TIMSS e PIRLS em Portugal : Uma análise comparativa ». Revista Portuguesa de Educação 33, n^o 1 (29 juin 2020) : 94–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/rpe.18380.

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Neste artigo apresentamos uma análise comparativa entre três inquéritos internacionais: PISA, levado a cabo pela OCDE, o TIMSS e o PIRLS, realizados pela IEA, tendo em conta os seus objetivos gerais e uma correlação dos dados referentes a Portugal (por regiões da NUTS III). A revisão bibliográfica e documental mostrou como os resultados podem ser reformulados ou reinterpretados pelos diferentes atores sociais e que são vistos pelos decisores políticos e pelas organizações como uma ferramenta de comparação dos sistemas escolares, reveladora de pontos fortes e pontos fracos. A análise dos resultados gerais evidencia que Portugal tem vindo a melhorar os seus resultados no PISA, nos três domínios (leitura, matemática e ciências), que melhorou no TIMSS em matemática e piorou em leitura no PIRLS. A análise comparativa por regiões revelou que existe uma diferenciação dos resultados por regiões e que, enquanto o fator domínio não se apresenta como relevante, o fator objeto de avaliação em cada estudo parece determinante para os resultados dos questionários. Revelou, ainda, que há uma relação direta entre o PIB/habitante e os resultados dos questionários nas regiões com valores extremos de PIB/habitante, mas que essa relação não existe para a generalidade das regiões.

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Li, Shengxing, Haiying Liang, Liang Tao, Liquan Xiong, Wenhui Liang, Zhuogong Shi et Zhiheng Zhao. « Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis Reveal Molecular Mechanisms for Starch Accumulation in Chestnut ». Forests 11, n^o 4 (1 avril 2020) : 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040388.

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Chestnuts are popular edible nuts that are rich in starch. In order to enhance the transcriptomic resources and further understand starch and sucrose metabolism in maturing chestnuts, a comparative transcriptomic study of Chinese chestnut kernels was conducted at three ripening stages (70, 82, and 94 DAF). At 82 and 94 days after flowering (DAF), starch continued to accumulate, and the amylopectin/amylose ratio increased. Transcriptomic profiling of kernels at 70 (stage I), 82 (stage II), and 94 DAF (stage III) indicated that soluble starch synthase and α-1,4-glucan branching enzyme genes are actively expressed at 82 and 94 DAF. The starch degradation enzymes amylase, phosphoglucan phosphatase DSP4, and maltose exporter did not show differential gene expression, while glycogen phosphorylase-encoding unigenes were significantly down-regulated at 94 DAF. In addition to starch and sucrose metabolism, RNA transport, RNA degradation, pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interactions, and glycerophospholipid metabolism were found to be significantly enriched in all comparisons included in the study. As Chinese chestnut matured, the unique enriched pathways switched from ribosomal biogenesis and RNA polymerase of eukaryotes to endocytosis and spliceosomes. These genomic resources and findings are valuable for further understanding starch and sucrose metabolism in the Chinese chestnut.

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Zaini, Paulo A., Noah G. Feinberg, Filipa S. Grilo, Houston J. Saxe, Michelle R. Salemi, Brett S. Phinney, Carlos H. Crisosto et Abhaya M. Dandekar. « Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Pellicle Tissues Reveals the Regulation of Nut Quality Attributes ». Life 10, n^o 12 (27 novembre 2020) : 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10120314.

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Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) are a valuable dietary source of polyphenols and lipids, with increasing worldwide consumption. California is a major producer, with ’Chandler’ and ’Tulare’ among the cultivars more widely grown. ’Chandler’ produces kernels with extra light color at a higher frequency than other cultivars, gaining preference by growers and consumers. Here we performed a deep comparative proteome analysis of kernel pellicle tissue from these two valued genotypes at three harvest maturities, detecting a total of 4937 J. regia proteins. Late and early maturity stages were compared for each cultivar, revealing many developmental responses common or specific for each cultivar. Top protein biomarkers for each developmental stage were also selected based on larger fold-change differences and lower variance among replicates, including proteins for biosynthesis of lipids and phenols, defense-related proteins and desiccation stress-related proteins. Comparison between the genotypes also revealed the common and specific protein repertoires, totaling 321 pellicle proteins with differential abundance at harvest stage. The proteomics data provides clues on antioxidant, secondary, and hormonal metabolism that could be involved in the loss of quality in the pellicles during processing for commercialization.

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Souza, Luiz Antonio Farani de, et Everton Luis Consoni da Silva. « Elemento corrotacional de viga-pilar com molas para análise de estruturas com ligação semirrígida ». Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 8, n^o 6 (15 septembre 2022) : 14684–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl8iss6pp14684-01e.

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Em grande parte dos projetos de estruturas em aço, as ligações viga-pilar são consideradas perfeitamente flexíveis ou totalmente rígidas. Essa suposição resulta em uma estimativa imprecisa do comportamento mecânico de pórticos. A formulação de um elemento finito corrotacional de viga-pilar com molas de comprimento nulo em suas extremidades é apresentada. Esse elemento é utilizado para discretizar dois sistemas estruturais com ligação semirrígida e comportamento não linear geométrico. O sistema de equações não lineares, que descreve o problema estrutural, é solucionado com o procedimento incremental-iterativo de Potra-Pták associado à técnica de continuação Resíduo Ortogonal. As simulações computacionais são realizadas com o programa livre Scilab. Os resultados numéricos obtidos revelam que a alteração da ligação entre elementos estruturais de rígida para semirrígida aumenta a flexibilidade da estrutura e diminui sua capacidade de resistir às forças aplicadas.

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Burke, Brian J. « Transforming power in Amazonian extractivism : historical exploitation, contemporary "fair trade", and new possibilities for indigenous cooperatives and conservation ». Journal of Political Ecology 19, n^o 1 (1 décembre 2012) : 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v19i1.21720.

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Cooperatives have been widely supported as vehicles for community-based conservation and development. However, these organizations are often developed around specific income-generating projects rather than broader considerations of how relations of power and ecological exploitation might be transformed. This article uses the case of AmazonCoop—a cooperative dedicated to the supposedly fair trade of Brazil nuts between Amazonian indigenous people and the multinational corporation The Body Shop—to illustrate how historical political ecology might facilitate the design of more radically transformative cooperatives. Contextualizing AmazonCoop within the history of Amazonian extractivism, and particularly the extraction of wild rubber, reveals the specific mechanisms and processes through which indigenous people have gained and lost power. This analysis thus creates opportunities for thinking more creatively about how contemporary conservation–development schemes might pursue ecologically sustainable and socially just social transformations.Keywords: cooperatives, fair trade, conservation, development, indigenous people, Brazil

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Pinho, Maria Manuel, et Manuel Correia de Pinho. « A Relação entre o Produto e o Desemprego : Evidência Nacional e Regional em Portugal ». RPER, n^o 38 (31 mars 2015) : 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.59072/rper.vi38.383.

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Este artigo apresenta um contributo para a avaliação da relação entre o produto e a taxa de desemprego na economia portuguesa e nas respetivas regiões NUTS 2. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam uma relação estatisticamente significativa inversa entre as duas variáveis para os âmbitos nacional e regional. No contexto nacional, a magnitude daquela relação varia expressivamente consoante a especificação econométrica e há indícios de que a relação é instável ao longo do período em análise. À escala regional, os dados revelam que o equilíbrio tende a ocorrer em simultâneo para as duas variáveis e que a amplitude do desvio do produto é, em geral, maior do que a amplitude do desvio da taxa de desemprego. Os resultados sugerem a existência de diferenciação regional quanto à magnitude daquela relação e, consequentemente, quanto ao grau de abertura dos mercados de trabalho regionais, sugerindo para a definição de políticas públicas diferenciadas.

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Suhr, Elissa L., Dennis J. O'Dowd, Andrew V. Suarez, Phillip Cassey, Talia A. Wittmann, Joshua V. Ross et Robert C. Cope. « Ant interceptions reveal roles of transport and commodity in identifying biosecurity risk pathways into Australia ». NeoBiota 53 (22 novembre 2019) : 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.39463.

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We obtained 14,140 interception records of ants arriving in Australia between 1986 and 2010 to examine taxonomic and biogeographic patterns of invasion. We also evaluated how trade and transport data influenced interception rates, the identity of species being transported, the commerce most associated with the transport of ants, and which countries are the primary sources for ants arriving in Australia. The majority of ant interceptions, accounting for 48% of interceptions, were from Asia and Oceania. The top commodities associated with ant interceptions were: (1) Live trees, plants, cut flowers; (2) Wood and wood products; (3) Edible vegetables; and (4) Edible fruit and nuts. The best fitting model for predicting ant interceptions included volumes for these four commodities, as well as total trade value, transport volume, and geographic distance (with increased distance decreasing predicted ant interceptions). Intercepted ants identified to species consisted of a combination of species native to Australia, introduced species already established in Australia, and species not yet known to be established. 82% of interceptions identified to species level were of species already known to be established in Australia with Paratrechina longicornis having the most records. These data provide key biogeographic insight into the overlooked transport stage of the invasion process. Given the difficult nature of eradication, once an ant species is firmly established, focusing on early detection and quarantine is key for reducing the establishment of new invasions.

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Bhat, Jeddu Ganapathi, Manorama G. Bhat, S. Keshava Bhat, Sukesh Bhat et Gajanand R. Pujari. « ANTICANCER PROPERTY OF AN AYURVEDIC POLYHERBAL PREPARATION CHIEFLY CONTAINING ARECA NUT AND BETEL LEAF ». International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 14, n^o 1 (8 février 2023) : 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.14015.

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Background: Areca nut, the nut of the areca palm (Areca catechu L.) and the leaf of betel vine (Piper betle L.) are the two inevitable ingredients of the common chewing mixture popularly known as betel quid. Both traditional and modern research findings proved that these two plant products have many medicinal values, including anticancer properties. With this information, we formulated a polyherbal preparation chiefly containing these two plant products and evaluated its anticancer efficacy on the specific cancer cell line. Methods: The polyherbal preparation called ‘Pugasaram’ was prepared using 12 different plant products, including areca nut and betel leaf, in different proportions. It was screened for its anticancer properties against A549 cancer cell lines. Results: The study showed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity of ‘Pugasaram’ on cultured A549 cancer cells with the IC50 value of 109.32 µg/ml. Conclusion: The present study reveals great potential for ‘Pugasaram’ to develop as an effective anticancer drug. This information could be the basis for further studies in this field.

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Marinov, Petar. « Localization index of farms in the period 2008-2016 in the rural areas of the South Central Region ». Scientific Works LXII, n^o 2 (27 octobre 2021) : 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22620/sciworks.2020.02.001.

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The rural development policy in Bulgaria is dictated by the accompanying facts, with approximately 45% of the population living in them, covering 85% of the territory. The study and analysis of the socio-economic processes in agriculture of smaller administrative units of the NUTS classification gives an accurate picture of the real situation. The operation of farms ensures the production of different types of agricultural production. Contributing to the formation of Gross Domestic Product and the fulfillment of commitments in relation to the EU Common Agricultural Policy. The application of the localization index for agricultural holdings in the rural areas of the South-Central Region in Bulgaria reveals their real economic status. The study of the specialization factor for agricultural holdings covers an eight-year period 2008-2016. The localization index is the basis for an analysis of the different types of economic processes and phenomena. It is also applicable in smaller administrative areas, namely in the rural municipalities of the South-Central Region.

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Peacock, Sandra L. « From complex to simple : balsamroot, inulin, and the chemistry of traditional Interior Salish pit-cooking technologyThis paper was submitted for the Special Issue on Ethnobotany, inspired by the Ethnobotany Symposium organized by Alain Cuerrier, Montréal Botanical Garden, and held in Montréal at the 2006 annual meeting of the Canadian Botanical Association/l’Association Botanique du Canada. » Botany 86, n^o 2 (février 2008) : 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b07-111.

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This paper presents the results of an experiment replicating traditional Interior Salish pit-cooking methods to process balsamroot ( Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.), a former food staple that contains the complex carbohydrate inulin. Analysis of fresh and cooked balsamroot samples reveals that with sufficient heat, moisture, and the release of volatile organic acids, inulin is hydrolyzed during pit cooking. This process converts complex carbohydrates into simple ones, resulting in an increase of 250% in the energy provided by simple sugars. When the average energy contributions of protein, simple and complex carbohydrates are tallied, the net result is an energy gain of approximately 65% between fresh and pit-cooked balsamroot. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of ancient pit-cooking practices in transforming unpalatable and inedible root resources into sweet-tasting, highly digestible sources of carbohydrate energy and supports my assertion that this processing technology was a key component of the wild plant food production systems of Interior Salish Peoples.

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Verter, Nahanga. « Food Security and Trade in Food Products in Nigeria ». European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, n^o 3 (1 octobre 2019) : 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n3p527.

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Improving food security depends on identifying the indicators of food insecurity that must be monitored and addressed by the policy makers and implementers. This paper investigates the dynamics of trade in food products and food security in Nigeria. Using descriptive approaches, the findings show that Nigeria markedly recorded an adverse TBI in total agri-food trade and many food products. Remarkably, the five mostly exported (i.e. cocoa, fruits and nuts, oilseeds, tobacco) and five mostly imported (wheat, edible products, fish, sugar, milk and cream) food products accounted for 78% and 70% of total food exports and imports in the country. The study also reveals that Nigeria has been grossly food insecure driven by indicators, such as infrastructure deficit, population growth, poverty, corruption, inadequate government support to farmers and absence of safety net programmes. The Nigerian government and other stakeholders should holistically invest and implement agricultural policies to improve food security and earnings in many food products. Keywords: accessibility, affordability, availability, food insecurity, poverty, TBI

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He, Yuemin. « A Congeries of Lichee Nuts for America : Chinese Religion in Edgar Lee Masters’s New York Chinatown Poetry Collection ». Religion and the Arts 17, n^o 1-2 (2013) : 135–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685292-12341258.

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Abstract Active in several genres of writing and extremely productive, American poet Edgar Lee Masters (1868–1950) became famous almost overnight with his earlier collection of free verse monologues, The Spoon River Anthology (1915). But as quickly as he rose in prominence, his fame declined thereafter. In the past decades, critics usually regarded The Spoon River Anthology as Masters’s best collection. This essay takes a step toward uncovering the value of Masters’s other work by examining one aspect of Lichee Nuts, a book-length collection of short poems published in 1929. This essay reveals that Masters, a prescient poet, not only displays sophisticated understanding of the composite and complex nature of Chinese religion, but also uses that understanding to construct a positive poetic image of the Chinese. In doing so he actively promotes cultural diversity in a time of racial hysteria and adumbrates the emergence of countercultural voices that transmit spirituality to a Western culture mired in materialism.

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Soukiazis, ELias, et Micaela Antunes. « A evolução das disparidades regionais em Portugal ao nível das nuts III. Uma análise empírica com base nos processos de convergência ». RPER, n^o 6 (29 novembre 2004) : 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.59072/rper.vi6.129.

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O presente estudo pretende explicar a convergência regional em Portugal a nível de NUTS III, para o rendimento per capita e a produtividade. Utiliza-se uma metodologia alternativa baseada na análise de dados em painel e que contempla as diferenças regionais. Testam-se os conceitos de convergência absoluta e condicionada e a importância de alguns factores estruturais condicionais relacionados com a reafectação de recursos e as condições da procura. Os resultados revelam que a convergência entre as 30 regiões portuguesas é condicionada. O peso de cada sector de actividade no emprego mostra-se importante na explicação da convergência no rendimento per capita e na produtividade. O crescimento do output, reflexo das condições da procura, juntamente com a composição sectorial do emprego, revela-se um factor condicional relevante para a explicação do processo de convergência na produtividade. Os resultados indicam uma transferência mais acentuada de trabalho do sector primário para o terciário e ao introduzir este elemento nas equações de convergência, esta torna-se mais elevada.

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Novis, Sérgio Ap, James Pitágoras de Mattos et Ana Lúcia Zuma de Rosso. « Toxina botulínica no blefaroespasmo, no espasmo hemifacial e na distonia cervical : resultados em 33 pacientes ». Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 53, n^o 3a (septembre 1995) : 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1995000300006.

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Avaliamos os resultados terapêuticos obtidos com o emprego de toxina botulínica do tipo A em 33 pacientes com distonia (12 com blefaroespamo; 10 com espasmo hemifacial e 11 com torcicolo espasmódico). Utilizamos uma escala de pontuação de gravidade antes de cada aplicação, sendo reavaliados duas semanas após, seguindo a mesma escala. Entre os com blefaroespasmo, oito eram mulheres e quatro homens; a média de idade foi 57,7 anos; a média do tempo de doença de quatro anos; três tinham história similar na família; nove eram essenciais e três fizeram uso de neurolépticos (distonia tardia). A dose média empregada ficou em 51,3 U, com a duração média do efeito benéfico de 2,8 meses. Do total de 22 aplicações (injeções e reinjeções), 14 (63,7%) tiveram resultado ótimo, 5 (22,7%) bom e três (13,6%) nulo. Naqueles com espasmo hemifacial, oito eram mulheres e dois homens; a média de idade foi 52,6 anos; a média do tempo de doença 7,4 anos; oito eram essenciais e dois pós-páralíticos. A dose média empregada ficou em 32 U. Do total de 15 aplicações, todos (100%) tiveram resultado ótimo, com a duração média do efeito benéfico de 3,4 meses. Nos pacientes com distonia cervical, oito eram homens e três mulheres; a média de idade foi 44,2 anos; a média do tempo de doença 12,2 anos; seis eram essenciais, três fizeram uso de neuroléptico e dois tinham história familiar. A dose média empregada ficou em 238,6 U, com a duração média do efeito benéfico de 4,7 meses. Do total de 20 aplicações, 18 (90%) tiveram resultado bom, 1 (5%) regular e 1 (5%) nulo. Ptose palpebral, paresia facial e disfagia foram os efeitos colaterais mais encontrados. Concluímos que a toxina botulínica revelou-se eficaz no tratamento destas condições.

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