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Baierlein, Claudia [Verfasser], et Heike [Akademischer Betreuer] Krebber. « Analysen des SR-Proteins Npl3 in der Translation und Charakterisierung von SR-Domänen-vermittelten Protein-Interaktionen von Npl3 / Claudia Baierlein. Betreuer : Heike Krebber ». Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051934346/34.
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Pérez, Martínez Lara [Verfasser]. « Npl3 stabilizes R-loops at telomeres to regulate replicative senescence / Lara Pérez Martínez ». Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201695651/34.
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COLOMBO, CHIARA VITTORIA. « New insights into the regulation of DNA end processing and DNA damage checkpoint ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241167.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’integrità genomica è minacciata da danni al DNA che, se non adeguatamente riparati, si convertono in mutazioni, il cui accumulo causa instabilità genomica, una tipica caratteristica tumorale.
Le cellule eucariotiche reagiscono ai danni attivando la risposta ai danni al DNA. Le rotture a doppia elica del DNA (DSB) sono tra i danni più pericolosi. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae i DSB sono principalmente riparati tramite ricombinazione omologa (HR), che sfrutta sequenze omologhe come stampo per riparare il danno. La HR necessita il processamento nucleolitico (resection) delle estremità del DSB così da generare code di DNA a singolo filamento (ssDNA). La resection inizia con un taglio endonucleolitico da parte del complesso MRX insieme a Sae2, mentre l’estensione della resection è eseguita dalle nucleasi Exo1 e Dna2.
Il checkpoint da danno al DNA è una cascata di trasduzione del segnale che blocca il ciclo cellulare così che le cellule abbiano tempo sufficiente per riparare il danno. In S. cerevisiae il checkpoint è attivato dalle chinasi Tel1 e Mec1, ortologhe di ATM e ATR umane. Una volta attivate, Mec1 e Tel1 fosforilano diversi substrati, tra cui l’adattatore Rad9 e la chinasi effettrice Rad53, che amplificano il segnale.
Sia la resection che il checkpoint devono essere finemente regolati per garantire una riparazione efficiente dei DSB, evitando di generare troppo ssDNA, e per coordinare la riparazione con la progressione del ciclo. In questa tesi di dottorato, abbiamo dimostrato un nuovo livello di regolazione della resection, basato sul controllo della quantità di Exo1 da parte della proteina che lega l’RNA (RBP) Npl3. Inoltre, abbiamo studiato il ruolo di Sae2 nella riparazione dei danni e nell’attivazione del checkpoint.
Npl3 svolge un ruolo chiave nel metabolismo degli RNA ed è molto conservata nell’uomo. Poiché studi recenti mostrano forti connessioni tra metabolismo degli RNA e mantenimento dell’integrità genomica, abbiamo verificato se Npl3 fosse coinvolta nella risposta ai DSB. Abbiamo dimostrato che l’assenza di Npl3 provoca difetti nel processamento delle estremità del DSB. In particolare, Npl3 promuove la resection estesa, agendo nello stesso pathway di Exo1. Inoltre, sia l’assenza di Npl3 che l’inattivazione dei suoi domini di legame all’RNA causano una riduzione del livello di Exo1. Quindi, Npl3 promuove la resection estesa regolando EXO1 a livello dell’RNA. Infatti, in assenza di Npl3, abbiamo dimostrato la presenza di molecole di RNA di EXO1 non correttamente terminate. Questi dati, oltre al fatto che l’overespressione di EXO1 sopprime parzialmente il difetto di resection di cellule npl3Δ, suggeriscono che Npl3 partecipi alla regolazione della resection promuovendo la corretta biogenesi dell’mRNA di EXO1.
Riguardo al secondo progetto, Sae2 promuove l’attività endonucleasica di MRX durante la resection e regola negativamente il checkpoint Tel1-dipendente. Infatti, Sae2 limita l’accumulo di MRX alla lesione, riducendo sia il reclutamento che l’attività di segnalazione di Tel1. Non è ancora chiaro come le funzioni di Sae2 nel promuovere la resistenza ai danni e nell’inibire il checkpoint siano collegate. Tramite screening genetico, abbiamo identificato il mutante sae2-ms che, come accade in assenza di Sae2, iperattiva il checkpoint Tel1-dipendente, aumentando il reclutamento ai DSB sia di MRX che di Tel1. A differenza della delezione di Sae2, Sae2-ms non causa difetti di resection né di tethering, e non provoca sensibilità agli agenti genotossici. Inoltre, Sae2-ms provoca iperattivazione di Tel1, ma non di Rad53. Infatti, l’assenza di Sae2, ma non la presenza di Sae2-ms, aumenta l’interazione tra Rad53 e Rad9. Questi dati dimostrano che Sae2 regola il checkpoint sia controllando la rimozione di MRX dai DSB che limitando l’interazione Rad53-Rad9, e che l’inibizione di Rad53 è la principale responsabile della resistenza ai danni promossa da Sae2.Genomic integrity is threatened by DNA damage that, if not properly repaired, can be converted into mutations, whose accumulation leads to genomic instability, one of the hallmarks of cancer. Eukaryotic cells deal with DNA damage by activating DNA damage response. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are among the most dangerous DNA lesions. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DSBs are mainly repaired by Homologous Recombination (HR), which exploits a homologous sequence as a template to repair the damage. HR requires the DSB ends to be nucleolytically degraded in order to generate single-strand DNA (ssDNA) tails, in a process known as DSB end resection. Resection initiates with an endonucleolytic cleavage by the MRX complex together with Sae2, while resection extension is carried out by the nucleases Exo1 and Dna2. DNA damage checkpoint is a signal transduction cascade that halts the cell cycle in order to give cells sufficient time to repair the damage. In S. cerevisiae, DNA damage checkpoint is activated by the kinases Tel1 and Mec1, orthologues of human ATM and ATR. Once activated, Mec1 and Tel1 phosphorylate different substrates including the adaptor Rad9 and the effector kinase Rad53, which allow signal amplification. Both DNA end resection and DNA damage checkpoint must be finely regulated to ensure efficient DSB repair, avoiding excessive ssDNA generation, and to properly coordinate repair with cell cycle progression. In this PhD thesis, we provide evidences of a new level of resection regulation, based on the modulation of Exo1 amount by the RNA-binding protein (RBP) Npl3. We have also studied the role of Sae2 in DNA damage repair and checkpoint activation. Npl3 is a S. cerevisiae RBP, which plays a central role in RNA metabolism and is highly conserved from yeast to humans. Since emerging evidences support strong connections between RNA metabolism and genome integrity, we investigated if Npl3 was involved in DSB response. We demonstrated that the absence of Npl3 impairs the generation of long ssDNA tails at DSB ends. In particular, Npl3 promotes resection extension by acting in the same pathway of Exo1. Moreover, both the lack of Npl3 and the inactivation of its RNA-binding domains cause the reduction of Exo1 protein level. So, Npl3 promotes resection extension by regulating EXO1 at the RNA level. Indeed, we proved that the decrease of Exo1 level is due to the presence of not properly terminated EXO1 RNA species. These findings, together with the observation that EXO1 overexpression partially suppresses the resection defect of npl3Δ cells, suggest that Npl3 participates in DSB end resection regulation by promoting the proper biogenesis of EXO1 mRNA. Concerning the second PhD project, Sae2 promotes MRX endonucleolytic activity during resection and negatively regulates Tel1-dependent checkpoint response. Indeed, Sae2 limits MRX accumulation at the damage site, thus reducing Tel1 recruitment and its signalling activity. How Sae2 functions in supporting DNA damage resistance and in inhibiting the DNA damage checkpoint are connected is still unclear. From a genetic screen, we identified the sae2-ms mutant that, similarly to Sae2 absence, upregulates Tel1 signalling activity by increasing both MRX and Tel1 recruitment to the DSBs. However, unlike SAE2 deletion, Sae2-ms does not cause any resection or tethering defect, nor any sensitivity to genotoxic agents. Moreover, Sae2-ms induces Tel1 but not Rad53 hyperactivation. Indeed Sae2 absence, but not Sae2-ms presence, increases Rad53-Rad9 interaction. These data indicate that Sae2 regulates checkpoint activation both by controlling MRX removal from the DSBs and by limiting Rad53-Rad9 interaction and that Rad53 downregulation is the main responsible for Sae2-promoted DNA damage resistance. Altogether, our results allow to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of DNA damage response processes.
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Coordes, Britta. « Ctk1 function is crucial for efficient translation initiation and interacts with the mRNP processing factor Npl3 ». Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-132032.
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Coordes, Britta [Verfasser], et Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Beckmann. « Ctk1 function is crucial for efficient translation initiation and interacts with the mRNP processing factor Npl3 / Britta Coordes. Betreuer : Roland Beckmann ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/101508382X/34.
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Schneider, Ulla-Maria [Verfasser], Heike [Akademischer Betreuer] Krebber, Heike [Gutachter] Krebber et Oliver [Gutachter] Valerius. « Characterization of Npl3-mediated RNA quality control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Ulla-Maria Schneider ; Gutachter : Heike Krebber, Oliver Valerius ; Betreuer : Heike Krebber ». Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173975020/34.
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Cauda, Luca <1992>. « The Italian NPLs market : UniCredit case study ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/11904.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Panoramica del quadro attuale della situazione dei crediti deteriorati in Italia, le soluzioni offerte dai governi e dalla banche centrali e la presentazione del progetto FINO di UniCredit relativo alla vendita di circa 17 miliardi di Euro di crediti deteriorati.
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Koch, Tina Strafuss Michael. « NPL-Verkauf durch deutschen Banken / ». Frankfurt am Main : Bankakad, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2765271&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Bell, Stephanie A. « Validation of the NPL gravimetric hygrometer ». Thesis, City University London, 1995. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7703/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The gravimetric hygrometer of the UK National Physical Laboratory (NPL) provides a first-principles realisation of mixing ratio - the most fundamental measure of the humidity of a gas. The operation of the NPL gravimetric hygrometer has been validated to demonstrate its satisfactory performance as a primary standard for humidity within the UK national measurement system. The measurement performance of the gravimetric hygrometer has been characterised for mixing ratios within the range 0.01 g kg to 155 g kg 4 (equivalent at atmospheric pressure to a dew-point range of -60 °C to +60 °C). The significant aspects of the measurement have been assessed in detail; these being the balances and weighing processes, the efficiency of collecting water and dry gas, and the effects of stray water in the instrument. Sources of systematic error have been identified and their effects quantified. Wherever possible, such errors have been eliminated or reduced. Elsewhere, numerical corrections have been evaluated and applied to the results of measurements. The overall uncertainty of measurement for the gravimetric hygrometer has been estimated by evaluating the uncertainties contributed by each aspect of the measurement, and combining these statistically to find the overall effect. The estimated uncertainty at a level of confidence of approximately 95% (a coverage factor of k=2) was found to range between 0.015 percent of value at the highest humidity considered, near 155 g kg 1, and 1.27 percent of value at the lower limit of 0.01 g kg1. The gravimetric hygrometer has been intercompared with the humidity generator which is the NFL standard for dew point, using nitrogen as the carrier gas in these measurements. For the conversion between values of dew point and mixing ratio, the uncertainties in the reference functions have been reviewed for the vapour pressure curve of water, and for the water vapour enhancement factor which accounts for the non-ideal behaviour of humid gases. A new calculation of the enhancement factor for nitrogen is presented. The uncertainties due to sampling were also evaluated. On average, the uncertainties due to the reference functions and those due to sampling were found to comparable with the uncertainty in the gravimetric measurements. Taking all these into account, the intercomparison measurements agreed to within the combined uncertainties of the two instruments.
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Fukuda, Karina 1985. « Caracterização de óleos essenciais com atividade antifúngica por cromatografia gasosa bidimensiona abrangente GCxGC ». [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250211.
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Orientadores: Fabio Augusto, Adílson SartorattoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T05:30:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fukuda_Karina_M.pdf: 2361347 bytes, checksum: f52546a3baadba4072247764c6c3f110 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: O perfil cromatográfico de óleos essenciais de Mentha foi correlacionado com sua atividade biológica contra Candida dubliniensis utilizando-se ferramentas quimiométricas. A cromatografia gasosa bidimensional "abrangente" com detecção por ionização em chama, GCxGC-FID, foi combinada com a análise multivariada de dados e, a partir da correlação obtida com o emprego da ferramenta NPLS-DA (N-way partial least squares - discriminant analysis), foi possível prever o comportamento de novas amostras de óleo de Mentha frente à atividade biológica classificando-as como ativas ou inativas, sem a necessidade de se efetuar o ensaio de concentração inibitória mínima, MIC. Foi possível, ainda, estimar os principais constituintes responsáveis pela atividade contra Candida dubliniensis: linalol, piperitona, carvona, pulegona e óxido de piperitenona. Desta forma, a GCxGC-FID, quando combinada com técnicas quimiométricas, pode vir a ser uma ferramenta poderosa na predição de propriedades biológicas como uma alternativa ou complemento para outras técnicas mais laboriosas. Paralelamente, a GCxGC-qMS foi empregada para realizar a identificação tentativa de duas espécies de folhas de Mentha. Cada espécie foi submetida aos tratamentos de secagem e congelamento. Para a pré-concentração dos analitos foi empregada a etapa de preparo de amostras por microextração em fase sólida através do headspace (HS-SPME) empregando-se fibra de polidimetilssiloxano / divinilbenzeno (PDMS/DVB) seguida de separação por cromatografia gasosa bidimensional "abrangente" com detecção por espectrometria de massas (GCxGC-qMS)
Abstract: The chromatographic profile of essencial oils Mentha was correlated with their biological activities against Candida dubliniensis using chemometric tools. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GCxGC-FID) was combined with multivariate data analysis and correlation obtained from the use of tool NPLS-DA (N-way partial least squares - discriminant analysis), making it possible to predict the behavior of new samples of Mentha oil against biological activity by classifying them as active or inactive, without the need to perform the minimal inhibitory concentration test. It was also possible to estimate the major components responsible for the activity against Candida dubliniensis: linalool, piperitona, carvone, pulegone and piperitenone oxide. Thus, GC x GC-FID, when combined with chemometric techniques, may prove to be a powerfull tool for predicting biological properties as an alternative or complement to other techniques. In parallel, GC x GC-qMS was used to perform the identification of two species of leaves of Mentha. Each species was subjected to drying and freezing treatments. Solid phase microextraction through headspace (HS-SPME) was employed for sample preparation with a fiber employing polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB), followed by separation by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometer detection (GC x GC-qMS)
Mestrado
Quimica Analitica
Mestra em Química
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Soares, Eduardo António Carvalho. « Determinants of nonperforming loans in Portugal ». Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14709.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mestrado em FinançasA consequência imediata do crescimento de empréstimos em incumprimento (NPLs na sigla Inglesa) no sistema bancário pode ser a sua falha o que se traduz numa ameaça para a estabilidade financeira. Neste contexto, uma das principais lições da crise financeira global é que os reguladores precisam de saber quais são os determinantes que influenciam o aumento de NPLs e monitorizá-los. Esta tese pretende ajudar as instituições financeiras e as autoridades microprudencial e macroprudencial a reconhecer os indicadores que contribuíram para a evolução do rácio de NPLs (empréstimos em incumprimento a dividir pelo total de empréstimos) no período de Dezembro de 1999 a Março de 2016. Com esta finalidade, será testado o impacto de vários indicadores financeiros no rácio de NPLs, e será dada especial atenção aos indicadores financeiros que foram considerados relevantes para explicar o rácio de NPLs noutros países ou que indicam a acumulação de risco sistémico.
The immediate consequence of the rising nonperforming loans (NPLs) in the banking system can be its failure what translates into a threat for financial stability. Against this background, one of the key lessons of the global financial crisis is that policymakers need to recognize the determinants that influence the buildup of NPLs and monitor them. This thesis intends to assist financial institutions and the macroprudential and microprudential authorities in the recognition of the indicators that contributed to the evolution of the NPLs ratio (NPLs divided by total gross loans) in the period between December 1999 and March 2016. In furtherance of this objective, the impact of several financial indicators on NPLs will be tested and special attention will be given to the financial indicators considered as relevant to explain the NPL ratio in other countries or that indicate the build-up of system-wide risk.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Albati, Amal Abdulah. « PURIFICATION OF RECOMBINANT δ NP63 α AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PEPTIDE BINDING ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1447223071.
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Cicconi, Valentina <1996>. « The role of NPL during covid-19 crisis ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21661.
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Surely 2020 will be a year that will not be easily forgotten. The start of the new year was ushered in by the news that in the city of Wuhan, health authorities had identified the first cases of patients showing symptoms of severe pneumonia of unknown causes. A few days later it was discovered that the virus has animal origin, generates acute respiratory infections and is subsequently called Covid-19 (COrona VIrus Desease 2019)
In the space of a few weeks the covid has spread almost all over the world, first touching Thailand, and then arriving in Italy and in many other countries until March 11, 2020 the Director General of the WHO officially declares that the coronavirus epidemic is a pandemic.
Soon every country began to adopt interpersonal distancing measures to avoid situations that could be the source of transmission of the virus such as: suspension of school activities, stop to recreational and meeting activities, closure of shops, bars, cinemas, theatres and production activities: the whole world has almost stopped and this had a dramatic impact on the world economic system.
Unlike previous crises, in the one caused by Covid 19, the banking system is not at the root of the problem, but wants to be part of the solution and an important collective effort is being made in this regard.
The ECB and other supervisory and regulatory authorities have accepted the challenge by adapting their supervisory strategy to changing circumstances. After the shock, the banking union was able to give a rapid, unified and unprecedented response.
The ECB has undertaken a set of rules aimed at avoiding economic collapse so that they could be used as an example to prevent similar scenarios in the future. Among the various measures taken, the one on which my work is based is the granting of temporary flexibility with regard to non-performing loans (NPLs).
The overall objective of the strategy is to eliminate NPLs from banks' balance sheets, while providing sufficient collateral for borrowers and ensuring an appropriate balance between the interests of creditors and borrowers.
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Dury, Martin. « Development of the NPL wide-area MIR calibration source ». Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555860.
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A portable large area specular-diffuse secondary radiance transfer standard developed for the in-field calibration of remote sensing instrumentation for hot gas emission spectroscopy was designed, produced and characterised to a limited budget. The cavity has an aperture diameter of 102 mm was designed to have a known spectral radiance with a 1 % uncertainty in the 2.5 urn to 14 μm wavelength range. The prototype cavity is based around a grooved base that is electrically heated to temperatures up to 1000 K. The base has been applied with a high emittance coating, which was selected after extensive testing and does not deteriorate after repeated heating. Highly reflective walls surround the emitting base and are water-cooled. '. Coating selection was determined through reflectance measurements of both highly emitting and highly reflective coatings that were performed across the spectral range from 0.3 μm to 14 μm. The reflectance data was subsequently input into black body modelling software and Monte Carlo calculations were performed to optimise the design of the cavity. Problems regarding the heating elements within the emitting base lead to the development of a cost effective solution. Characterisation of the cavity was performed at a wavelength of 800 nm using filter radiometers. Large temperature discrepancies were observed across the cavity aperture and a correction factor was implemented to determine the temperature distribution across the cavity. The temperature distributions were input into black body modelling software and the cavity performance simulated. Radiance measurements of the cavity were performed using an FTIR spectrometer and the cavity emissivity determined to be 0.98 (±0.04) in the wavelength interval from 3.64 to 3.65 μm (the wavenumber interval from 2747 cm-I to 2740 cm").
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Тарануха, І. Ю. « Якість кредитного портфеля українських банків ». Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59489.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Якість банківських активів, і перш за все кредитів, – один з найваж-
ливіших індикаторів стану банківського сектору та економіки в цілому.
Прострочена заборгованість за кредитами найбільш яскраво свідчить
про наявність проблем у кредитному портфелі банківської установи,
оскільки вона є безпосереднім відображенням проблем позичальника і
його неспроможності погасити борг перед банком.
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Zhu, Ling. « Regulation of Human Epidermal Keratinocyte Survival and Differentiation ». Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1196178754.
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Castaldini, Christian. « Il mercato NPL : analisi econometrica d'impatto delle operazioni di cessione ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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La risoluzione della problematica dei non-performing loans (NPL) rappresenta ad oggi per il settore bancario europeo uno dei temi di maggior rilievo, nonché uno dei principali lasciti del duplice periodo di recessione. Il percorso di riduzione intrapreso negli ultimi anni sta vedendo nelle cessioni uno strumento particolarmente efficace per una rapida dismissione di tali asset, in un contesto di crescente sviluppo del mercato secondario del credito. Il significativo sconto richiesto dagli investitori in questa tipologia di operazioni, tuttavia, si è riflesso in particolari oneri a carico degli enti, specialmente per quelli che utilizzano modelli avanzati di rating interni (AIRB) per la valutazione del rischio di credito. I minori recuperi associati alle posizioni cedute comportano un peggioramento nelle stime del parametro di rischio Loss Given Default (LGD), impattando conseguentemente il capitale di vigilanza. Il presente elaborato si propone di analizzare la tematica dei non-performing loans offrendo innanzitutto un quadro delle maggiori cause e conseguenze sul sistema bancario, discutendo inoltre le metodologie di gestione che il contesto attuale richiede. Si analizzeranno in seguito le dinamiche in atto nel mercato secondario del credito, italiano ed europeo, assieme alle principali criticità in termini di efficienza, le prospettive future e gli strumenti introdotti. La trattazione si focalizzerà quindi sugli impatti che le operazioni di cessione comportano sulle stime LGD e sul requisito patrimoniale, così come i meccanismi in gioco e i temi particolarmente dibattuti. Si presenteranno in questo ambito i principali approcci metodologici di inclusione delle cessioni nei modelli LGD, analizzando quantitativamente un’applicazione concreta e valutandone gli impatti complessivi.
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Finotello, Vanessa <1995>. « Cartolarizzazione : tra il mercato degli NPL e l'outsourcing dei crediti detriorati ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15490.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'elaborato tratta il tema della cartolarizzazione, tematica forse ancora un po' sconosciuta. Oltre ad una visione generale sulla cartolarizzazione ed agli strumenti introdotti dal governo per facilitare e sostenere le operazioni di securitization, ci si vuole concentrare sul mondo degli NPL. Di particolare rilievo sarà il mercato italiano degli NPL (o NPE) dove, riprendendo ed analizzando brevemente qualche dato fornito da PwC, si vuol cercare di far chiarezza sul loro mercato, con focus sulla loro gestione. Infatti, l'attività di outsourcing dei questa tipologia di crediti sta diventando crescente, dati gli interventi dei servicer nel management delle operazioni stesse.
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Bebeacua, Cecilia. « Study of the conformational changes of the p97-Ufdl-Npl4 complex using cryo electron microscopy ». Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520870.
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Болгар, Т. М. « Підвищення рентабельності проблемних кредитів банку ». Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59341.
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Важливим аспектом управління рентабельністю проблемних кредитів є
визначення норми рентабельності проблемного кредиту. Така аналітична
діяльність покликана з’ясувати доцільність утримання конкретного кредитного
договору в складі портфеля банківської установи.
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Li, Qiongzhu. « Study of Single and Ensemble Machine Learning Models on Credit Data to Detect Underlying Non-performing Loans ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-297080.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this paper, we try to compare the performance of two feature dimension reduction methods, the LASSO and PCA. Both simulation study and empirical study show that the LASSO is superior to PCA when selecting significant variables. We apply Logistics Regression (LR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT) and their corresponding ensemble machines constructed by bagging and adaptive boosting (adaboost) in our study. Three experiments are conducted to explore the impact of class-unbalanced data set on all models. Empirical study indicates that when the percentage of performing loans exceeds 83.3%, the training models shall be carefully applied. When we have class-balanced data set, ensemble machines indeed have a better performance over single machines. The weaker the single machine, the more obvious the improvement we can observe.
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Zou, Yijun, et Fan Li. « The Impact of Credit Risk Management on Profitability of Commercial Banks : A Study of Europe ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-92799.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Banks today are the largest financial institutions around the world, with branches and subsidiaries throughout everyone’s life. However, commercial banks are facing risks when they are operating. Credit risk is one of the most significant risks that banks face, considering that granting credit is one of the main sources of income in commercial banks. Therefore, the management of the risk related to that credit affects the profitability of the banks. The aim of the research is to provide stakeholders with accurate information regarding the credit risk management of commercial banks with its impact on profitability. The main purpose of the research is to investigate if there is a relationship between credit risk management and profitability of commercial banks in Europe. We also aim to investigate if the relationship is stable or fluctuating. In the research model, ROE and ROA are defined as proxies of profitability while NPLR and CAR are defined as proxies of credit risk management. The research collects data from the largest 47 commercial banks in Europe from 2007 to 2012 and formulates four hypotheses which are related to the research question. A series of statistical tests are performed in order to test if the relationship exists. Other statistical tests are performed to investigate if the relationship is stable or not. The findings reveal that credit risk management does have positive effects on profitability of commercial banks. Between the two proxies of credit risk management, NPLR has a significant effect on the both ROE and ROA while CAR has an insignificant effect on both ROE and ROA. However, from 2007 to 2012, the relationships between all the proxies are not stable but fluctuating.
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Delaunay, Jean-Louis. « Rôle des microdomaines membranaires dans le ciblage apical de la nucléotide pyrophosphatase NPP3 dans les cellules MDCK ». Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429983.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La membrane plasmique des cellules épithéliales polarisées comporte deux domaines distincts, le domaine apical et le domaine basolatéral. Chaque domaine a une composition en lipides et en protéines déterminée, leur permettant d'assurer des fonctions spécifiques. Les mécanismes moléculaires responsables du tri et de l'adressage des protéines transmembranaires vers le pôle apical sont encore mal connus. La membrane apicale est enrichie en glycosphingolipides et en cholestérol qui forment des microdomaines appelés « rafts ». Expérimentalement, les rafts peuvent être isolés sous forme de DRM (detergent-resistant membranes) définis par leur résistance à un détergent non ionique, le Triton X-100. Il a été proposé que les rafts recrutent les protéines apicales au niveau du réseau trans-golgien et servent de plateforme pour leur adressage au pôle apical. Effectivement les protéines ancrées par le glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol sont résistantes au Triton et sont localisées en général à la membrane apicale. En revanche, la plupart des protéines transmembranaires apicales sont solubles dans le Triton, bien qu'elles soient résistantes à l'action de détergents plus doux comme le Lubrol WX. L'objectif des travaux de thèse a été d'étudier le rôle des rafts dans l'adressage apical de protéines transmembranaires et de comprendre l'effet différentiel du Triton et du Lubrol sur leur solubilisation. Les nucléotides pyrophosphatases NPP1 (basolatérale) et NPP3 (apicale) exprimées de façon stable dans les cellules MDCK ont servi de modèles. NPP3 est insoluble dans le Lubrol et partiellement insoluble dans le Triton, tandis que NPP1 est essentiellement solubilisée. L'étude de la localisation et de la sensibilité aux détergents de mutants et de chimères combinant des domaines cytoplasmiques, transmembranaires et extracellulaires de NPP3 et NPP1, a montré qu'il n'existait pas de corrélation stricte entre l'adressage apical et la résistance aux détergents. La résistance de NPP3 à la solubilisation par le Lubrol est acquise précocement au cours de sa biosynthèse, indépendamment de sa destination finale. Cette résistance dépend d'acides aminés chargés positivement situés dans la queue cytoplasmique, proches de la membrane. Afin de comprendre la sélectivité du Triton et du Lubrol dans l'extraction des protéines et des lipides membranaires, la composition lipidique des DRM obtenus après extraction par le Triton et le Lubrol a été comparée. Les DRM extraits par le Triton et le Lubrol sont enrichis en cholestérol ce qui correspond à la définition des rafts. Cependant, les DRM Triton sont appauvris en lipides du feuillet interne tandis que les DRM Lubrol sont enrichis en phosphatidyléthanolamine. Les DRM Lubrol sont également enrichis en protéines associées au feuillet interne de la membrane. En conclusion, ces travaux montrent que la résistance de la protéine apicale NPP3 à l'extraction par le Lubrol, et en partie par le Triton, est une propriété intrinsèque qui correspond probablement à une adaptation de la protéine à la composition lipidique du domaine apical, mais que cette propriété ne détermine pas son adressage polarisé. De plus, ces travaux montrent que les détergents sont des outils très intéressants pour étudier les interactions entre les protéines et les lipides membranaires, mais qu'il n'existe probablement pas de détergent capable d'isoler de façon stricte des microdomaines membranaires tels que sont définis les rafts. Nos résultats suggèrent que le feuillet interne des rafts est enrichi en phosphatidyléthanolamine et en cholestérol, qu'il est en partie solubilisé par le Triton, ce qui déstabiliserait les protéines transmembranaires et entraînerait leur extraction. Mots clés: détergent, raft, , ciblage apical, cholestérol, microdomaine membranaire, feuillet interne de la membrane, phosphatidyléthanolamine.
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Charvolin, Thomas. « Synthèse, cristallogénèse et étude des propriétés électroniques d'intermétalliques de neptunium NpX3, X=Ga, In, Ge et Sn ». Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10020.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le travail presente dans ce memoire porte sur l'etude de composes intermetalliques de neptunium npx#3 ou x=ga, in, ge et sn, elements des deux premieres colonnes p du tableau periodique. Ces quatre composes ont ete synthetises par fusion h. F. En creusets refractaires. Deux monocristaux de plusieurs dizaines de mm#3 de npge#3 et de npsn#3 ont ete obtenus par la technique czochralski. L'etude des proprietes electroniques de ces composes a fait appel a des mesures d'aimantations de resistivite, de spectroscopie mossbauer et de diffraction neutronique. Ce travail a montre que l'evolution du comportement physique des composes npx#3 lorsque x decrit de haut en bas les deux premieres colonnes p du tableau periodique est caracteristique d'une localisation croissante des electrons 5f. Cette evolution a deja ete observee pour la serie similaire ux#3, mais la transition resultante etat non magnetique/magnetique intervient ici plus tot. Ceci est coherent avec la contraction des orbitales atomiques 5f lorsqu'on passe de l'uranium au neptunium
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Dick, Markus. « Der Verkauf von Non Performing Loans : eine Analyse von NPL-Transaktionen aus Bankensicht / ». Wiesbaden : Gabler, 2010. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018703689&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Texte intégral
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Takenaka, Renata Akemi. « Avaliação da toxicidade de Microcystis aeruginosa e de florações naturais de cianobactérias de reservatórios do rio Tietê, SP ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-11102007-101157/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Os efeitos de cianobactérias sobre organismos aquáticos planctônicos foram avaliados, visando caracterizar e quantificar as cianotoxinas e determinar a toxicidade de uma linhagem em cultura monoespecífica e de florações naturais de reservatórios do rio Tietê, SP. Assim, cultivou-se uma linhagem (NPLJ-4) de Microcystis aeruginosa, reconhecidamente tóxica, em meio ASM-1 a 25°C e fotoperíodo de 12h luz/12h escuro em câmara incubadora, avaliando-se sua toxicidade em diferentes estágios do crescimento populacional (meio e final da fase exponencial, fase estacionária e fase senescente), por meio de testes ecotoxicológicos com os organismos-teste Ceriodaphnia dubia e C. silvestrii. Esses testes foram realizados de acordo com normas padronizadas pela ABNT, sendo utilizados também para avaliar a toxicidade das florações naturais e a eficiência de diferentes processos de tratamento de água na remoção de células, microcistinas e subprodutos de cianobactérias. Os resultados indicaram aumento na concentração de microcistinas com o crescimento populacional da cianobactéria. Os extratos na fase estacionária tiveram menor toxicidade, enquanto nas demais fases causaram efeito tóxico agudo, resultando em valores de CE50; 48h de: 1,4 - 4,7 × \'10 POT.6\' cel/mL (meio fase exponencial), 1,6 - 8,7 × \'10 POT.6\' cel/mL (final fase exponencial), 7,5 - 14,1 × \'10 POT.6\' cel/mL (fase estacionária) e 1,9 - 4,6 × \'10 POT.6\' cel/mL (fase senescente) para C. dubia; e 1,9 - 5,4 × \'10 POT.6\' cel/mL (meio fase exponencial), 1,6 - 10,9 × \'10 POT.6\' cel/mL (final fase exponencial), 10,2 - 15,4 × \'10 POT.6\' cel/mL (fase estacionária) e 2,0 - 4,2 × \'10 POT.6\' cel/mL (fase senescente) para C. silvestrii. Células livres de Microcystis (M. aeruginosa, M. panniformis e M. protocystis) e Pseudanabaena mucicola foram as cianobactérias dominantes nas florações dos reservatórios de Barra Bonita e células livres de Microcystis (M. aeruginosa e M. panniformis), no de Promissão. A dominância das cianobactérias em ambos os reservatórios pode estar relacionada a períodos de estabilidade da coluna de água, razões N/P de 8 - 13 (Barra Bonita) e 19 - 20 (Promissão) na superfície, temperatura da água de 19 - 30°C (Barra Bonita) e 26 - 28°C (Promissão) e disponibilidade de nutrientes (0,05 - 0,26 mg/L de fósforo total para Barra Bonita e 0,01 - 0,05 mg/L P-total para Promissão), devido ao grau de trofia dos reservatórios. A água de ambos os reservatórios, coletada durante as florações, apresentou toxicidade aos dafinídeos, sendo que a água de Barra Bonita foi mais tóxica do que a de Promissão. Todos os extratos brutos de material oriundo das florações naturais apresentaram microcistinas (239 - 1647 µg/L para Barra Bonita e 192 - 1295 µg/L para Promissão) e causaram toxicidade aguda aos dafinídeos, com valores de CE50; 48h de: 87 - 282 mg/L (Barra Bonita) e 146 - 428 mg/L (Promissão) para C. dubia, e 98 - 546 mg/L (Barra Bonita) e 110 - 391 mg/L (Promissão) para C. silvestrii. Concentrações dos extratos a partir de 80 mg/L (Barra Bonita) e 100 mg/L (Promissão) afetaram adversamente a sobrevivência e a reprodução dos dafinídeos. Os resultados mostram riscos à biota natural e à saúde humana, bem como comprometimento dos usos múltiplos dos reservatórios, exigindo ações remediadoras e, sobretudo, preventivas para conter o processo de eutrofização.The effects of cyanobacteria upon aquatic organisms were evaluated, aiming to characterize and quantify the toxins of both, a monospecific cyanobacterial culture and material from natural blooms occurring in the reservoirs of Tietê river, SP. The already known toxic strain NPLJ-4 of Microcystis aeruginosa was cultured in ASM-1 medium at 25 Celsius degrees and 12h light/12h dark in the incubator, in order to evaluate its toxicity at different stages of the culture growth by ecotoxicological tests using the cladocerans Ceriodaphnia dubia and C. silvestrii as test-organisms. These tests were carried out according to the procedures standardized by ABNT, in order to evaluate also the toxicity of natural blooms and the efficiency of different water treatment processes in removing cells, microcystins and by-products of cyanobacteria. The results obtained indicated an increase in the concentration of microcystins along the cyanobacterial culture growth. Extracts from the stationary phase of the culture were less toxic compared with those from the other phases which had acute toxicity and adversely affected cladoceran survival, resulting in EC50; 48h values of 1,4 - 4,7 × \'10 POT.6\' cells/mL (middle exponential phase), 1,6 - 8,7 × \'10 POT.6\' cells/mL (final exponential phase), 7,5 - 14,1 × \'10 POT.6\' cells/mL (stationary phase) and 1,9 - 4,6 × \'10 POT.6\' cells/mL (senescent phase) for C. dubia; and 1,9 - 5,4 × \'10 POT.6\' cells/mL (middle exponential phase), 1,6 - 10,9 × \'10 POT.6\' cells/mL (final exponential phase), 10,2 - 15,4 × \'10 POT.6\' cells/mL (stationary phase) and 2,0 - 4,2 × \'10 POT.6\' cells/mL (senescent phase) for C. silvestrii. Cells of Microcystis (Microcystis aeruginosa, M. panniformis and M. protocystis) and Pseudanabaena mucicola were cyanobacteria species dominant in the Barra Bonita reservoir and cells of Microcystis (M. aeruginosa and M. panniformis), in the Promissão reservoir. The dominance of cyanobacteria in both studied reservoirs was related to the stability of the water column, N/P ratios of 8 to 13 (Barra Bonita) and 19 to 20 (Promissão), high water temperatures (19 - 30°C for Barra Bonita and 26 - 28°C for Promissão) and high nutrient availability (0,05 - 0,26 mg/L total phosphorus for Barra Bonita, and 0,01 - 0,05 mg/L total P for Promissão) as a consequence of the trophic state of the reservoirs. The water from Barra Bonita reservoir during the cyanobacterial blooms was more toxic to daphnids than that from Promissão reservoir. Crude extracts from all cyanobacteria blooms tested presented microcystins (239 - 1647 µg/L for Barra Bonita and 192 - 1295 µg/L for Promissão) and caused acute toxicity to daphnids, resulting in EC50; 48h values of 87 - 282 mg/L (Barra Bonita) and 146 - 428 mg/L (Promissão) for C. dubia, and 98 - 546 mg/L (Barra Bonita) and 110 - 391 mg/L (Promissão) for C. silvestrii. Crude extracts concentrations above 80 mg/L to Barra Bonita and 100 mg/L to Promissão adversely affected the survival and reproduction of daphnids. The results obtained evidenced the risks to the natural biota and possibly to the human health, and can therefore jeopardize the multiple uses of the reservoirs. They reveal the urgent necessity for remedial action, particularly to slow down and to prevent eutrophication.
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VALLE, I. B. « EXPRESSÃO de P63 e Δnp63 Como Potenciais Biomarcadores de Progressão Tumoral e Prognóstico em Carcinoma Epidermóide Oral ». Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7121.
Texte intégralRésumé :
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Previous issue date: 2018-04-23O prognóstico de pacientes com Carcinoma Epidermóide Oral (CEO) é majoritariamente desfavorável, principalmente devido à elevada taxa de recidiva e mortalidade. Até o momento, não existem marcadores biológicos clinicamente disponíveis que indiquem eventos de transformação tumoral ou prognóstico em CEO. Portanto, grande interesse tem sido direcionado aos genes reguladores do ciclo celular, como a participação da expressão gênica de P63 na oncogênese através da sua atividade na regulação da proliferação e diferenciação celular em CEO. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a aplicabilidade de p63 como biomarcador de prognóstico e progressão tumoral. Realizou-se estudo multicêntrico internacional, no qual foram obtidas amostras biológicas, dados clínicos e seguimento clínico de 109 indivíduos com CEO provenientes do Brasil e Reino Unido. As lâminas histológicas obtidas foram avaliadas quanto à gradação tumoral, infiltrado linfocitário tumoral (TIL), padrão de invasão tumoral e invasão perineural, vascular e linfática. Tissue Microarray (TMA) foi construído considerando 3 áreas: epitélio adjacente ao tumor, displasia e tumor. Os TMAs foram submedidos à imunohistoquímica para análise de expressão de p63 e p40 (ΔNp63) e hibridização in situ de RNA para investigar p63 mRNA. Para avaliar a expressão de p63 e p40 foi considerada a marcação nuclear em queratinócitos através de H-Score. A avaliação de p63 mRNA se deu por um guia de pontuação (score 0-4) conforme a quantidade de pontos em cada célula. O nível de significância considerado para todos os testes estatísticos foi de 95%. Teste Qui-Quadrado foi empregado para instituir associações entre as variáveis clinico-patológicas estudadas. A comparação entre a expressão da proteína p63, p40 e de p63 mRNA nas diferentes regiões foi realizada através do teste de Wilcoxon. Curvas de sobrevida global e sobrevida livre de doença foram obtidas pelo modelo de Kaplan-Meier e regressão de Cox. Nossos resultados mostraram associação entre a elevada presença de TIL no tumor com estadiamentos iniciais (p=0,001) enquanto tabagismo mostrou relação com menor TIL (p=0,044) e padrões de invasão tumoral dos tipos III e IV (p=0,032). Indivíduos etilistas/ex-etilistas apresentaram mais invasão vascular que os não etilistas (p=0,015). A expressão de p63 nos tumores foi maior que nas displasias (p=0,001) e foi associada a tumores maiores (T3 e T4) (p=0,001). Foi observada diferença quanto à expressão de p40 entre displasia e tumor (p<0,001) e displasias de alto risco apresentaram alta expressão de p40 (p=0,022). A elevada expressão de p40 tumoral mostrou associação com tumores pouco diferenciados (p=0,010) e com invasão de vasos linfáticos (p=0,022). Não foi observada diferença de expressão de p63 mRNA entre as regiões estudadas. Indivíduos com estadios iniciais (p=0,001) e não tabagistas (p=0,035) tiveram maior sobrevida global. Mostraram pior sobrevida livre de doença indivíduos cujos padrões de invasão tumoral eram III e IV (p=0,014) e que apresentavam tumores maiores (p=0,004). Concluímos com este estudo que a expressão de p63, de p40, são úteis como marcadores de progressão tumoral, mas não comportam-se como bons marcadores de prognóstico uma vez que não mostraram influenciar os índices de sobrevida global e sobrevida livre de doença.
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Wessler, Michael Alan 1970. « NPL : a graphical programming language for motor control and its application to bipedal walking ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29228.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-126).
Current methods for bipedal walking control include playback of recorded joint motion and the derivation of dynamic equations to map desired forces at the body to the required torques at the joints. Both methods require a significant amount of up-front knowledge about the structure and characteristics of the robot. This thesis presents an alternative method of control that removes the interdependence of the joint torques and simplifies the mathematics considerably. The simplification allows a programmer to create and tune a bipedal walk controller without requiring a complete model of the dynamics. The controller is implemented in a graphical programming language similar to fuzzy logic and neural networks, in which the algorithm is contained in the structure of the nodes rather than in the weights of the connections. The language and its development environment are specifically designed to assist the programmer to create and debug the algorithm in a live environment.
by Michael Alan Wessler.
Ph.D.
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Meloni, Jacopo <1997>. « La Gestione degli NPL in Italia : tra evoluzione della normativa e sviluppo del mercato ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/20318.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’attività bancaria, raccolta di risparmio tra il pubblico ed esercizio del credito, è considerata, agli occhi dello Stato, talmente determinante per la società che viene addirittura citata nella Costituzione all’art.47: “La Repubblica incoraggia e tutela il risparmio in tutte le sue forme; disciplina e controlla l’esercizio del credito”. Tuttavia, un esercizio del credito senza adeguato controllo è una delle principali cause di crisi nell’attività bancaria: quando una banca deve gestire troppi crediti dubbi o inesigibili rischia di indebolire la propria struttura e di bloccare l’attività. Questo elaborato si propone di analizzare il problema degli NPL, non-performing loans, nelle banche italiane. Partendo da un’introduzione focalizzata sull’evoluzione della Normativa sull’attività bancaria, si entrerà nel vivo degli argomenti trattati con una dettagliata analisi delle tipologie di esposizioni deteriorate e della loro evoluzione nel tempo. L’attenzione si concentrerà in seguito sugli eventi che hanno portato l’Italia ad essere il primo paese in Europa per ammontare di NPL (quasi 400 miliardi di euro a fine 2020) per passare infine al core dell’elaborato: la gestione vera e propria dei crediti deteriorati (valutazione, compravendita, strategie di recupero) e del mercato che si è venuto a creare intorno ad essi.
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BARBARO, BIANCA. « Sectoral shocks and banking crises in a schumpeterian model of endogenous firm dynamics ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241309.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the first chapter, e build a two-sector (capital and final goods) model with endogenous firm
dynamics to study the effects of permanent productivity shocks in the final
goods sector. Firms are characterised by idiosyncratic productivity levels
and decreasing returns to scale. Shocks are modelled as a sudden
improvement of the technology frontier accessed by new entrants, which then
gradually spreads to incumbent firms. The shock drives less efficient firms
out of the market and unambiguously raises productivity and output in the
long run. By contrast, creative destruction is strongly limited by the
initial fall in the relative price of capital goods. This latter result is
driven by the wealth effect of the shock on consumption dynamics and by the
ensuing reduction in savings and in demand for capital goods. The smaller
scale of production of this sector is associated with increased efficiency and
to a reduced relative price of capital goods. As a result, production costs
in the final goods sector, fall and fewer incumbents exit the market.
Relative to what would happen in a standard one sector model, we obtain
a contraction in the initial employment fall associated with the shock.
In the second chapter, We build a business cycle model characterized by endogenous firms dynamic, idiosyncratic productivity levels and by a financial sector.
Starting from a set-up \`{a} la Gerlter and Karadi (2011 \cite{gertler2011model}), we extend the financial sector including firms' default and the possibility to roll-over borrowing condition to unproductive firms. We find that a technology improvement discourages debt roll-over, reducing the share of Non-performing loans (NPL) and unproductive incumbent through the entry of new and more productive firms. New entrants, raise market competition and increase interest rates, financial intermediaries incentive to renegotiated debt condition decrease and the same happens to the share of NPLs. Furthermore, an adverse shock to financial intermediaries capital triggers an ever-greening mechanism that increases the share of NPLs in bankers balance sheets and persistently reduces aggregate productivity.I In the first chapter, e build a two-sector (capital and final goods) model with endogenous firm dynamics to study the effects of permanent productivity shocks in the final goods sector. Firms are characterised by idiosyncratic productivity levels and decreasing returns to scale. Shocks are modelled as a sudden improvement of the technology frontier accessed by new entrants, which then gradually spreads to incumbent firms. The shock drives less efficient firms out of the market and unambiguously raises productivity and output in the long run. By contrast, creative destruction is strongly limited by the initial fall in the relative price of capital goods. This latter result is driven by the wealth effect of the shock on consumption dynamics and by the ensuing reduction in savings and in demand for capital goods. The smaller scale of production of this sector is associated with increased efficiency and to a reduced relative price of capital goods. As a result, production costs in the final goods sector, fall and fewer incumbents exit the market. Relative to what would happen in a standard one sector model, we obtain a contraction in the initial employment fall associated with the shock. In the second chapter, We build a business cycle model characterized by endogenous firms dynamic, idiosyncratic productivity levels and by a financial sector. Starting from a set-up \`{a} la Gerlter and Karadi (2011 \cite{gertler2011model}), we extend the financial sector including firms' default and the possibility to roll-over borrowing condition to unproductive firms. We find that a technology improvement discourages debt roll-over, reducing the share of Non-performing loans (NPL) and unproductive incumbent through the entry of new and more productive firms. New entrants, raise market competition and increase interest rates, financial intermediaries incentive to renegotiated debt condition decrease and the same happens to the share of NPLs. Furthermore, an adverse shock to financial intermediaries capital triggers an ever-greening mechanism that increases the share of NPLs in bankers balance sheets and persistently reduces aggregate productivity.
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Fernández, Montero María José, et Arceo Cecilio Jesús Gutiérrez. « Aplicacion de un diagnostico para determinar capacidades de exportacion de una Pyme, caso NPL HEALTH ». Thesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2012. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lad/fernandez_m_mj/.
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Radtke, Kristin. « Microbial biodiversity in permafrost and ground ice samples and survival of High Arctic isolate Cryptococcus NP33 under simulated Martian conditions ». Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103609.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The work in this thesis consisted of two studies: 1) analysis of the microbial biodiversity of multiple ground ice types from the Arctic and the High Arctic; 2)examination of the survival of Cryptococcus NP33 under simulated Martian conditions over 41 days. The first study involved culture-dependent and independent evaluations of the microbial communities found in a buried firnified snow bank, a buried glacier, a pingo and ice wedges. Direct and culturable counts in the various ground ice types differed from each other (104 – 108 cellsmL-1 direct counts; 0 - 105 CFUmL-1 culturable counts), and were only weakly correlated to increasing sample age. Culturable counts were consistently highest in ice wedge samples. All sample isolates were dominated by Actinobacteria. Bacterial pyrosequencing analysis for one ice wedge showed a dominance (<50% of sequences) by Gammaproteobacteria. In an Archaeal clone library of the buried glacier, no clones were closely related to sequenced isolates, but were similar (>90%) to uncharacterized clones from marine environments. The pingo Bacterial clone library clones matched closely to environmental isolates as well as clones from cryoenvironments as well as soil environments. For the survivability study, Cryptotoccus strain NP33 was selected as a candidate organism to undergo Martian simulations. After 41 simulation days, it had a half-life of 10.1 days in simulated sunlightand 16.1 days in darkness. The compiled results suggest that the organism traits most crucial to survival under simulated Martian conditions were desiccation, radiation and freeze-thaw resistance.Cette thèse contient deux études : 1) la biodiversité de différents types de glacesde sol de l'Arctique et du Grand Arctique, de même que la survie de Cryptococcus NP33dans des conditions martiennes simulées pendant 41 jours. La première étude impliquait des analyses dépendantes et indépendantes des conditions de culture pour évaluer les communautés microbiennes dans une congère névée enterrée, un glacier enterré, un pingo et des coins de glace. Les nombres de cellules totales et les nombres de cellules culturées dans les différents types de glaces de sol variaient (104 – 108 cellulesmL-1 nombre total; 0- 105 CFUmL-1 cellules culturées), et étaient que très faiblement dépendants de l'âge du iispécimen. Les nombres de cellules culturées étaient constamment plus élevées dans les coins de glace. Actinobacteria dominait les isolats de chaque spécimen. Un pyroséquençage bactérien d'un coin de glace a révélé une dominance (>50% desséquences) de Gammaproteobacteria. Dans une librairie de clones d'Archées du glacier enterré, les clones avaient peu de similarité à des isolats environnementaux, mais étaient similaires (>90%) à des clones environnementaux non-caractérisés d'environnements marins. Dans une librairie de clones de Bactéries du pingo, les clones étaient très similaires à des isolats et des clones provenant de cryo-environnements et d'environnements de sol. Pour la simulation martienne, Cryptococcus NP33 a été choisicomme organisme candidat suite à des expériments pour sélectionner des organismes résistant à la dessiccation, au froid et aux concentrations élevées de sel. Au cours de 41 jours dans le simulateur, Cryptococcus NP33 avait une demi-vie de 10.1 jours dans le soleil simulé et 16.1 jours dans le noir. Halorubrum avait un taux de survie de 100%(demi-vie estimée de ~70 - ∞ jours), tandis que d'autres organismes avaient une demi-vie beaucoup moins élevée (~2 - ~8 jours). Les résultats combinés suggèrent que les caractéristiques nécessaires à la survie dans des conditions martiennes simulées étaient la résistance à la dessiccation, la radiation et aux cycles de gel-dégel.
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Rodrigues, Filipi Augusto Coelho. « Transformação genética de laranjeira doce e de tomateiro Micro-Tom com os genes npr1 e npr3-4 de Citrus sinensis ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-03022016-134220/.
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A cultura da laranja doce é muito importante ao redor do mundo, em especial no Brasil, maior produtor mundial dessas frutas. A produção citrícola sempre esteve ameaçada por muitas doenças de grande importância, tais como, o cancro cítrico, a clorose variegada dos citros (CVC) e pinta preta. Entretanto, em 2004, surgiu o huanglongbing (HLB) ou greening, que tem devastado pomares, e para a qual ainda não foi encontrada uma solução definitiva. A transgenia pode ser uma técnica auxiliar no manejo desta doença com a busca de cultivares mais tolerantes, em especial ao HLB. Neste trabalho, as pesquisas de transgenia não envolveram genes exógenos à planta como, por exemplo, genes de outros organismos ou genes sintéticos, ou seja, foi baseado em tecnologias mais recentes já aplicadas em outras espécies vegetais, nas quais a transgenia é utilizada para super-expressar genes dos sistemas de defesa da própria planta. Estudos indicam que a super-expressão de genes do sistema de Resistência Sistêmica Adquirida (SAR - do inglês, \"Systemic Acquired Resistance\") promove a resistência de plantas a doenças. Um gene importante para esse sistema é o gene npr1 que controla a expressão das proteínas relacionadas à patogênese (PR), em especial a PR1. Junto do gene npr1, os genes npr3 e npr4 também são reguladores desse sistema, atuando sobre o gene npr1 de acordo com os níveis de ácido salicílico presentes na célula, nível este que varia de acordo com o nível de infecção de cada célula. Porém, a avaliação de um evento transgênico de citros pode levar muitos anos. Desta forma, para diminuir esse tempo de avaliação, pensou-se em usar plantas modelos. O sistema escolhido foi o tomateiro Micro-Tom (Solanun lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom). Para a obtenção das construções gênicas, foram identificados os genes Csnpr1, Csnpr3 e Csnpr4 de Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck a partir dos genes Atnpr1, Atnpr3 e Atnpr4 de Arabidopsis thaliana L.. Os genes de citros foram obtidos a partir de uma planta de laranja doce por RT-PCR e clonados no vetor pCambia 2201, que foi então inserido em Agrobacterium tumefaciens para a transformação genética. Foi feita a transformação genética de plantas de laranja doce (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) e do tomateiro Micro-Tom. Após o crescimento dos brotos regenerados, foi feita a avaliação das plantas obtidas por meio de PCR. As plantas geneticamente modificadas foram aclimatizadas. As plantas de citros foram enxertadas e mantidas em casa de vegetação. As plantas de tomateiro Micro-Tom foram propagadas por sementes. A progênie foi avaliada aplicando o antibiótico de seleção canamicina, obtendo-se assim uma linhagem transgênica homozigota.The sweet orange industry is very important worldwide, specially in Brazil, considered the world´s largest producer. The citrus production has always been threatened by several diseases of great importance, such as canker, CVC, and black spot. However, in 2004, the huanglongbing (HLB) or greening has been detected and devastated many citrus groves, and no definitive solution has been found yet. Transgenes may be a helpful tool for the management of this diseases, leading to the production of tolerant cultivars, especially to HLB. In this work, research on transgenic did not include the use of exogenous genes to the plant, such as genes from other organism or synthetic genes, i.e, it was based on new emerging technologies, already used on other crops, in which transgeny is used to super express genes from the plants own defense system. Studies indicate that a super expression of genes from the system called Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) promotes disease resistance. One important gene to this system is the npr1 gene, which controls the expression of the pathogen related proteins (PR), in special the PR1. Together with the npr1 gene, the genes npr3 and npr4 are also regulators of this system, regulating the action of the npr1 gene according to the levels of salicylic acid present in the cell, this level varies with the level of infection in each cell. Nevertheless, evaluating a citrus transgenic event may take several years. In order to shorten this time, model plants were used. The model chosen was the Micro-Tom tomato (Solanun lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom). In order to obtain the genetic constructions, the genes Csnpr1, Csnpr3 e Csnpr4 were identified in Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck from the genes, Atnpr1, Atnpr3 and Atnpr4 present in the Arabidopsis thaliana L. genome. The citrus genes were obtained from the citrus genome using RT-PCR procedure and cloned separately into the pCambia 2201 vector, which was inserted into Agrobacterium tumefaciens in order to perform the genetic transformation. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) and Micro-Tom plants were genetically modified. After the growth of the regenerated shoots, the evaluation of the obtained plants was done through PCR analysis. The genetically modified plants were acclimatized, the citrus plants were grafted and kept in the greenhouse, the Micro-Tom plants were propagated trough seeds and its progeny was evaluated by applying the selection antibiotic kanamycin, thus obtaining a homozygous transgenic line.
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LAZARO, G. C. S. « Efeito de níveis de ferro e radiação ultravioleta no crescimento e produção de microcistina em Microcystis aeruginosa Kützing - NPLJ-4 ». Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10283.
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Previous issue date: 2012-06-25A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo simular e avaliar os impactos de variáveis ambientais (ferro e UV-C) sobre o crescimento e produção de MCY de M.aeruginosa (NPLJ-4). Para tanto, tal cepa foi cultivada sob condições controladas. No ensaio do ferro, não houve diferença significativa de densidade, biovolume e clorofila-a entre as diferentes concentrações de ferro, enquanto que taxa de crescimento, tempo de duplicação e concentração de toxina apresentaram tal diferença. Foram observadas mais divisões celulares (G) a uma menor taxa nas culturas com maior teor de Fe, causando aumento de densidade e biomassa (viceversa). As divisões reduziram-se a uma taxa maior até que o Fe ficasse escasso (10,4, 1 e 0,5 μM, respectivamente). Culturas com 0,5 μM registraram: maior taxa,menor tempo de duplicação, menor densidade e biovolume. Quanto a toxina, células da fase log (6º ao 14º dia) e estacionária (16º ao 35º dia) influenciaram nos altos valores de MCY-LR total das culturas com Fe. Os teores aumentaram do 10º para o 20º dia e caíram no 30º dia nas culturas com 4 e 10 μM Fe. Ademais, o tratamento com 1 μM Fe obteve maior densidade, biovolume, picos de maior área e maiores concentrações de MCY-LR total em relação as culturas com 0,5, 4, e 10 μM Fe,respectivamente. Assim, o crescimento de MA nem sempre está atrelado aos maiores níveis de Fe e uma única célula pode ser responsável por produção de grande quantidade de toxina. Já no experimento de simulação de exposição à radiação UV-C, obteve-se remoção completa da MCY-LR total em meio ASM-1 com floração de M. aeruginosa, sendo que mais que 50% da toxina foi degradada nas 2 primeiras horas de exposição. Os valores de MCY-LR total, densidade, biovolume e clorofila-a declinaram à medida que o tempo de exposição à UV-C aumentava. Ademais, não ocorreu produção de microcistina LA e RR em nenhum dos experimentos.
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Lázaro, Georgette Cristina Salvador. « Efeito de níveis de ferro e radiação ultravioleta no crescimento e produção de microcistina em Microcystis aeruginosa Kützing NPLJ-4 ». Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6132.
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Previous issue date: 2012-06-25A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo simular e avaliar os impactos de variáveis ambientais (ferro e UV-C) sobre o crescimento e produção de MCY de M. aeruginosa (NPLJ-4). Para tanto, tal cepa foi cultivada sob condições controladas. No ensaio do ferro, não houve diferença significativa de densidade, biovolume e clorofila-a entre as diferentes concentrações de ferro, enquanto que taxa de crescimento, tempo de duplicação e concentração de toxina apresentaram tal diferença. Foram observadas mais divisões celulares (G) a uma menor taxa nas culturas com maior teor de Fe, causando aumento de densidade e biomassa (vice-versa). As divisões reduziram-se a uma taxa maior até que o Fe ficasse escasso (10, 4, 1 e 0,5 μM, respectivamente). Culturas com 0,5 μM registraram: maior taxa, menor tempo de duplicação, menor densidade e biovolume. Quanto a toxina, células da fase log (6º ao 14º dia) e estacionária (16º ao 35º dia) influenciaram nos altos valores de MCY-LR total das culturas com Fe. Os teores aumentaram do 10º para o 20º dia e caíram no 30º dia nas culturas com 4 e 10 μM Fe. Ademais, o tratamento com 1 μM Fe obteve maior densidade, biovolume, picos de maior área e maiores concentrações de MCY-LR total em relação as culturas com 0,5, 4, e 10 μM Fe, respectivamente. Assim, o crescimento de MA nem sempre está atrelado aos maiores níveis de Fe e uma única célula pode ser responsável por produção de grande quantidade de toxina. Já no experimento de simulação de exposição à radiação UV-C, obteve-se remoção completa da MCY-LR total em meio ASM-1 com floração de M. aeruginosa, sendo que mais que 50% da toxina foi degradada nas 2 primeiras horas de exposição. Os valores de MCY-LR total, densidade, biovolume e clorofila-a declinaram à medida que o tempo de exposição à UV-C aumentava. Ademais, não ocorreu produção de microcistina LA e RR em nenhum dos experimentos
This research aimed to simulate and evaluate the impact of environmental variables (iron and UV-C) on M. aeruginosa (NPLJ-4) growth and MCY production. This strain was cultivated under controlled conditions. The iron assay did not show significant difference of cell density, biovolume and chlorophyll-a between different iron concentrations, while the growth rate, duplication time and toxin concentration showed that difference. More cell divisions (G) were observed with a lower rate at highest iron content cultures, inducing a cell density and biomass increase. The cell divisions were reduced to a lower rate until the iron become scarce (10, 4, 1 e 0.5 μM, respectively). 0.5 μM cultures registered higher growth rate and lower duplication time, cell density and biovolume. Log (6th to 14th day) and stationary (16th to 35th day) phase influenced the high total MCY-LR values of iron cultures. MCY-LR content increased from 10th to 20th day and reduced in 30th day in the 4 and 10 μM iron cultures. 1 μM iron treatment showed higher cell density, biovolume, biggest area peaks and total MCY-LR concentrations in comparison with 0.5, 4 and 10 μM cultures, respectively. Thus, M. aeruginosa growth is not always related to high iron levels and one cell, alone, can be responsible for the production of high toxin content. On the other hand, in the UV-C radiation exposure simulation experiment, complete total MCY-LR remotion was reached in ASM-1 medium with M. aeruginosa bloom, with more than 50% of the toxin degraded at the two initial hours of exposure. The total MCY-LR, cell density, biovolume and chlorophyll-a reduced as the UV-C exposure time increased. Finally, did not occurred MCY-LA and MCY-RR production in the experiments
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Dick, Markus. « Der Verkauf von non performing loans eine theoretische und empirische Analyse von NPL-Transaktionen aus Bankensicht ». Wiesbaden Gabler, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997539593/04.
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Toledo, Renato Proença Prudente de. « Mercado brasileiro de non-performing loans (NPL) : uma abordagem teórica e prática na precificação de ativos ». reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10601.
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O estudo objetiva dar os primeiros passos em direção ao desenvolvimento do campo de distress credit no Brasil via a estimação da taxa de recuperação (liquidação) e sua respectiva precificação. Para isso, foi selecionado o segmento de crédito para pessoa física, inadimplido, com atraso superior a trezentos e sessenta dias que não possuam garantia; ou seja, crédito direto ao consumidor não performado (NPL). No estudo será analisada a dinâmica do ativo e as variáveis que impactam no valor do mesmo, visando a proposição de metodologias e arcabouço teórico para sua precificação.
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Pusineri, Gianmarco <1994>. « Stress test e analisi di scenario nel mondo bancario. Modello econometrico sul mercato italiano dei NPL ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13329.
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Il presente lavoro vuole essere una commistione tra teoria e pratica, tra l’intricata legislazione bancaria che caratterizza l’odierno scenario europeo di continui cambiamenti e la pratica econometrica, con analisi quantitative, metodi matematici e statistici per produrre modelli atti a creare relazioni economiche.
Lo studio vuole analizzare, anzitutto, la storia della regolamentazione bancaria, per comprendere appieno come si sia arrivati alle attuali normative; esso si concentrerà anche sugli stress test dell’European Banking Authority (EBA), autorità direttamente responsabile del loro svolgimento ed esecuzione, che, insieme alle altre autorità di vigilanza, ha lo scopo di valutare l’adeguatezza patrimoniale per determinare se gli intermediari finanziari dispongano di capitale sufficiente a reggere possibili impatti di natura sfavorevole e peggiorativa rispetto all’attuale. Da qui nasce l’analisi di scenario per valutare le diverse situazioni che una banca si trova costretta ad affrontare. A tal fine, lo studio si concluderà con la costruzione di un modello econometrico satellite per analizzare il maggior rischio per le banche: il rischio di credito, legato principalmente al deterioramento di esposizioni creditizie, che da crediti in bonis si trasformano in sofferenze bancarie, i cosiddetti Non-Performing Loans (NPL). Il modello comprenderà l’utilizzo di variabili macroeconomiche e finanziarie rilevanti per arrivare a prevedere l’andamento futuro del Tasso di Decadimento.
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Pilloni, Simone <1989>. « I crediti deteriorati corporate : un confronto tra i NPL del Sistema bancario italiano e quelli degli ABS ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/9462.
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Il livello di remunerazione e la classificazione dei portafogli dei crediti bancari, tra crediti in bonis e crediti deteriorati, sono misure fondamentali per stimare le performance e la stabilità finanziaria di un istituto bancario. Pertanto, il non performing loans (NPL) ratio è divenuto uno strumento fondamentale per misurare le prestazioni di una banca. La proposta di questo studio è di svolgere un’analisi sui non performing loans della clientela corporate delle banche italiane, che ricoprono circa l’80% del totale dei crediti deteriorati. Lo studio pone il confronto tra i dati del Sistema bancario italiano, forniti da Banca d’Italia, con l’analisi dei loans di un portafoglio composto da Asset Backed Securities SME (small and medium sized enterprise) di alcune banche italiane.
Considerando da un lato i crediti performing (ABS SME), con un basso livello di rischio dovendo rispettare determinati standard di credito imposti dalla BCE, e dall’altro i crediti a livello nazionale, si andrà ad analizzare nell’arco delle varie segnalazioni prese in esame, le caratteristiche dei loans delle ABS in default per confrontarli successivamente con i dati del sistema bancario italiano. Questo raffronto è stato svolto con l’obiettivo di determinare se i NPL del sistema bancario possano essere principalmente originati da variabili macroeconomiche oppure da una errata analisi e classificazione del rischio delle controparti.
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Niesser, Jürgen Gerd [Verfasser], et Patrick [Akademischer Betreuer] Cramer. « Structure and function of the GPN-loop GTPase Npa3 and implications for RNA polymerase II biogenesis / Jürgen Gerd Niesser. Betreuer : Patrick Cramer ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1081628952/34.
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Colineau, Eric. « Etude des propriétés magnétiques et électroniques de composés de neptunium NpX3 et Np2T2X par spectroscopie Mossbauer, diffraction de neutrons et magnétométrie SQUID ». Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10107.
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Le travail presente dans cette these est une contribution a l'etude des proprietes magnetiques et electroniques des composes intermetalliques npx#3 (x=al, ga, in, sn) et np#2t#2x (t=co, ni, ru, rh, pd, pt ; x=in, sn) par spectroscopie mossbauer, diffraction de neutrons et magnetometrie squid. L'interet de ces series est de presenter une hybridation progressive des electrons 5f du neptunium avec les orbitales des ligands et une reduction concomitante du magnetisme lorsque le numero atomique des elements x ou t diminue. Il est donc possible d'observer, le long d'une meme serie isostructurale, l'evolution des proprietes magnetiques et electroniques, de l'ordre magnetique avec des electrons 5f localises, jusqu'au paramagnetisme de pauli avec des electrons 5f totalement delocalises. Pour chaque famille de composes etudies, est etablie une comparaison avec les familles homologues ou le neptunium est remplace par l'uranium ou le cerium. La serie npx#3 a fait l'objet d'un certain nombre d'etudes depuis une vingtaine d'annees, et les resultats presentes ici completent et precisent les connaissances anterieures de ces composes. Les diagrammes de phases et les structures magnetiques de npal#3, npga#3 et npin#3 ont ete completes et precises. Le facteur de forme et la carte de densite d'aimantation de npsn#3 ont ete mesures. L'etat de charge et l'etat fondamental du neptunium dans ces composes sont discutes. La serie np#2t#2x a ete recemment decouverte et les resultats exposes dans ce memoire constituent la premiere etude des proprietes magnetiques et electroniques de ces composes. Les mesures de spectrometrie mossbauer ont permis d'etablir que huit de ces composes s'ordonnent et trois ne s'ordonnent pas. Nous avons determine les temperatures de mise en ordre, la valeur du moment a saturation porte par le neptunium et l'etat de charge du neptunium
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Binder, Marc. « Hochregulation des Aktivierungsmarkers E-NPP3 (CD203c) auf der Oberfläche basophiler Granulozyten nach In-vitro-Stimulation mit definierten Bienen- und Wespengiftallergenen bei Insektengiftallergikern ». [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB12168229.
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Kohl, Stephan Verfasser], et Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Grohmann. « C–H- und P–C-Bindungsaktivierung in Übergangsmetallkomplexen mit NP4- und NP3-Donorsätzen / Stephan Kohl. Betreuer : Andreas Grohmann ». Berlin : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Berlin, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1014619688/34.
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Saulnier, Pierre-Jean. « Étude des déterminants génétiques et environnementaux des complications du diabète de type 2 ». Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT1403/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le diabète de type 2 (DT2) représente un enjeu de santé publique au regard de ses complications, qui sont des maladies complexes, où interagissent des déterminants génétiques et environnementaux.L'objectif de ce travail était d'étudier ces déterminants dans trois populations indépendantes de patients DT2 en couplant études transversales (DIAB2NEPHROGENE) et longitudinales (SURDIAGENE et DIABHYCAR) totalisant 7767 sujets. Via une approche gène-candidat, nous avons focalisé nos recherches sur le système des peptides natriurétiques, le gène NPR3 (codant le récepteur de clairance aux peptides natriurétiques) et les apports sodés puis la voie métabolique des hormones sexuelles, le gène CYP19A1 (codant l’aromatase) et les concentrations de stéroïdes sexuels. Nous avons montré que l'allèle G du rs2270915 du NPR3 est un allèle de risque de pression artérielle (PA) plus élevée et de moindre sensibilité pressive à la réduction sodée qui ne confère pas d'augmentation significative de risque d'évènements cardiovasculaires (ECV) contrairement au rs6889608. Enfin, la survie sans ECV est significativement modulée par les apports en sel avec un risque de morbi-mortalité réduit chez les sujets diabétiques consommant le plus de sel malgré un niveau de PA plus élevé.Nous avons confirmé que le sexe masculin est un facteur de risque pour la néphropathie diabétique (ND) mais également pour la survenue d'ECV. Nous avons montré, chez les hommes, que des concentrations plus élevés d'oestradiol s'associent à une prévalence plus importante de ND mais ne se traduisent pas par une augmentation des événements rénaux oucardiovasculaires. CYP19A1 n'est associé ni avec les niveaux d'oestradiol, ni avec la prévalence ou la sévérité de la ND. Deux SNP s'associent toutefois significativement avec la survenue d'insuffisance rénale chronique terminale.Au total, nous avons identifié dans 2 voies métaboliques distinctes des déterminants génétiques de complications du DT2 ainsi qu'une interaction gène-environnementType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a public health issue because of vascular and renal complications, which are complex diseases with interaction between genetic and environmental determinants.The objective of this work was to study these determinants in three independent populations of T2D patients by coupling cross-sectional (DIAB2NEPHROGENE) and longitudinal studies (SURDIAGENE and DIABHYCAR). Through a candidate-gene approach, we first focused on the natriuretic peptides system, NPR3 gene and sodium intake and then on the metabolic pathway of sex hormones, CYP19A1 gene (coding for aromatase) and sex steroid levels.Our first results showed that NPR3 rs2270915 G Allele was associated with high blood pressure (BP) and a reduced salt-sensitivity of BP. However, this SNP was not associated with any significant risk of cardio-vascular events (CVE) or death, at variance with rs6889608. Ultimately, CVE-free survival was impacted by salt intake with a reduced risk of morbi-mortality in those patients having the greatest intake, though a higher BP.In our second study, we confirmed that male gender was a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy (DN), but also for the occurrence of CVE. In men, we showed higher levels of estradiol (E2) associated with a higher prevalence of ND but without any significant increase in renal or CVE during follow-up. CYP19A1 variants were not associated with either E2 levels or the prevalence of ND. However, 2 SNPs tested, were significantly associated with the occurrence of end stage renal failure. Altogether, we have identified 2 different metabolic ways contributing to the genetic determinants of complications associated with T2D including a gene-environment interaction
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Shimizu, Satoshi. « Differential Involvement of the Npl4 Zinc Finger Domains of SHARPIN and HOIL-1L in Linear Ubiquitin Chain Assembly Complex-Mediated Cell Death Protection ». 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225448.
Texte intégral
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Luckan, Pranisha. « NPL forecasting under a fourier residual modified model : An empirical analysis of an unsecured consumer credit provider in South Africa ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22856.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Forecasting nonperforming loans (NPLs) is a primary objective for credit providers. NPL forecasts assist in financial budgeting and provisioning for bad debts. The difficulty in accurately identifying the determinants of domestic NPLs has led to a review of time series forecasting techniques. This dissertation explores whether a forecasting model combining a traditional time series approach with a Fourier series residual modification technique performs well in projecting NPLs. It also seeks to establish if selecting an adequate time series model before modifying its residual terms is of benefit. Using the data of an unsecured consumer credit provider in South Africa, the in-sample and out-of-sample performance for a seasonal time series model and residual modified model were evaluated. The results demonstrate that a time series model performs well but the out-of-sample forecasting errors may be reduced by including the lowest Fourier frequencies to modify the residual terms.
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Piovatto, Roberto Reato. « Desenvolvimento de metodologia experimental para aplicação de espécimes SE(T) para avaliação de integridade estrutural em dutos ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-19012011-133527/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento e aplicação de espécimes SE(T) em aço API X60 para avaliação de integridade estrutural em dutos condutores de gás e petróleo, o qual consiste na implantação de três técnicas que forneçam as curvas de resistência à propagação dútil de trincas, curvas J-Rs. As metodologias utilizadas foram a da variação da flexibilidade elástica, da queda de potencial elétrico e da normalização linear da carga, nas quais duas análises são verificadas para obtenção da área plástica abaixo da curva de carregamento. A primeira, através da medida do deslocamento da linha de carga e a segunda, pelo deslocamento do extensômetro colocado na boca da trinca. Foram ensaiados corpos de prova SE(T) com trincas rasa (a/W = 0,2) e profunda (a/W = 0,5) e os resultados obtidos permitiram observar a iniciação da propagação por rasgamento dúctil e discutir os limites das metodologias aplicadas. Os resultados mostraram que é possível obter as curvas J-Rs medindo o deslocamento na boca da trinca, podendo-se converter os deslocamentos de CMOD em deslocamentos do LLD. Foi constatada também que a técnica de normalização linear da carga é a que possibilitou o menor tempo de preparação e execução do ensaio, por utilizar apenas a medição do CMOD e não necessitar da realização dos descarregamentos. A variação da flexibilidade elástica é uma técnica rápida e confiável e não sofre alterações devido às delaminações. Já a técnica de queda do potencial elétrico se mostrou a mais consistente para o caso de a/W = 0,5, porém no caso de trincas curtas, a plasticidade desenvolvida na frente da trinca influencia nas medições causando imprecisões. As curvas J-Rs são deslocadas para a esquerda quando o tamanho inicial de trinca é reduzido, isto é, ocorre um aumento na energia de iniciação da propagação, JIC.This work presents the development and application of SE(T) type specimen for structural integrity evaluation of pipeline steels used for gas and oil transportation, and it consists of the implementation of different techniques to provide the crack growth resistance curves, J-R curves. The methodologies used for crack growth measurement were: the elastic compliance, the electrical potential drop and the linear normalization techniques. Two techniques to provide the plastic area, Apl under the load versus displacement curve were used to evaluate Jpl, one based on the load line displacement, LLD, and the other based on the crack mouth opening displacement, CMOD. SE(T) specimens with two different initial crack size, denominate as shallow crack (a0/W = 0.2) and deep crack (a0/W = 0.5). The obtained results allowed the determination of the ductile tearing initiation point and to discuss the limits of the methodologies applied. It was proved be possible to get J-R curves using only one extensometer to measure the CMOD, which provides both crack size and Apl. The linear normalization technique is the one that provided the lower preparation and testing time, since there is no need of multiples unloading for crack growth measurement. The elastic compliance is a very easy, fast and reliable technique, and it is not sensible to the effect of the occurrence of delaminations, as it was the linear normalization technique. The electrical potential drop technique proved to very consistent for a0/W = 0.5, however in the case of shallow cracks the developed plasticity at the crack tip affected the measurements. The J-R curves were displaced to the left as the initial crack size is reduced, this is, there is an increase in the energy for crack tearing initiation, JIC.
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Mu, Yuan. « Chinese bank's credit risk assessment ». Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/210.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis studies the Chinese banks’ credit risk assessment using the Post Keynesian approach. We argue that bank loans are the major financial sources in emerging economies and it is uncertainty, an unquantifiable risk, rather than asymmetric information about quantifiable risk, as held by the mainstream approach, which is most important for the risk attached to credit loans, and this uncertainty is particularly important in China. With the universal existence of uncertainty, borrowers and lenders have to make decisions based on convention and experience. With regard to the nature of decision-making, this implies the importance of qualitative methods rather than quantitative methods. The current striking problem in Chinese banking is the large amount of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) and this research aims to address the NPLs through improving credit risk management. Rather than the previous literature where Western models are introduced into China directly or with minor modification, this work advocates building on China’s conventional domestic methods to deal with uncertainty. We briefly review the background of the Chinese banking history with an evolutionary view and examine Chinese conventions in the development of the credit market. Based on an overview of this history, it is argued that Soft Budget Constraints (SBC) and the underdeveloped risk-assessing mechanism contributed to the accumulation of NPLs. Informed by Western models and experience, we have made several suggestions about rebuilding the Chinese convention of credit risk assessment, based on an analysis of publications and interviews with Chinese bankers. We also suggest some further development of the Asset Management Companies (AMCs) which are used to dispose of the NPLs.
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Білець, А. С. « Управління проблемними кредитами в банках України ». Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/76093.
Texte intégralRésumé :
У роботі здійснено аналіз зовнішніх факторів, що мають найбільший вплив на появу проблемних кредитів. Запропоновано перспективні напрями управління непрацюючими кредитами.В работе проведен анализ внешних факторов, имеющих наибольшее влияние на появление проблемных кредитов. Предложены перспективные направления управления неработающими кредитами.
The paper analyzes the external factors that have the greatest influence on the appearance of problem loans. Proposed directions for managing non-performing loans are proposed.
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SCHAFFNER, RECKINGER ELISABETH. « Role des motifs cytoplasmiques nply#7#4#7 et nity#7#5#9 de la sous-unite beta(3) dans les fonctions de signalisation de l'integrine alpha(v) beta(3) ». Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112305.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les integrines sont des glycoproteines heterodimeriques alpha/beta transmembranaires qui relient la matrice extracellulaire au cytosquelette. Leur double role dans l'adherence cellulaire et la transmission de signaux est regulee surtout par la partie cytoplasmique de la chaine beta. Afin de determiner le role des motifs cytoplasmiques hautement conserves cyto-3 nity#7#5#9 et cyto-2 nply#7#4#7 de la sous-unite beta(3) dans le fonctionnement de l'integrine alpha(v)beta(3), nous avons exprime dans les cellules cho des mutants beta(3), presentant des deletions sequentielles des motifs cyto-3 et cyto-2 ou des substitutions des residus tyrosine en alanine ou phenylalanine. Les etudes fonctionnelles des clones cho transfectes ont montre que le domaine cytoplasmique beta(3) joue un role essentiel dans differentes fonctions de alpha(v)beta(3), telles que la reorganisation du cytosquelette, l'induction de la phosphorylation de la fak et de la paxilline ainsi que la regulation de changements allosteriques extracellulaires a la suite de la fixation d'un ligand. Nos resultats montrent que les substitutions du residu tyr#7#4#7 ont des effets inhibiteurs plus considerables que celles de tyr#7#5#9, soulignant l'importance de la conformation du motif cyto-2 nply#7#4#7. L'etude des mutants y747f et y759f suggere qu'une phosphorylation de tyr#7#5#9 ne joue pas de role dans la transmission de signaux outside-in dependant de alpha(v)beta(3), alors que la presence de tyr#7#4#7 est necessaire pour un fonctionnement optimal du recepteur. Finalement, la deletion du motif nity#7#5#9 entraine la perte totale de toutes les fonctions de alpha(v)beta(3) etudiees, ce qui souligne l'importance de cette region pour les proprietes fonctionnelles de beta(3). L'etude de l'endocytose des recepteurs alpha(v)beta(3)wt et alpha(v)beta(3)y747a permet de suggerer que le motif cyto-2 nply#7#4#7 n'est pas directement implique dans ce mecanisme, puisque les deux recepteurs montrent des taux d'internalisation similaires.