Bibliographies thématiques / Newport, Treaty of, 1648

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Newport, Treaty of, 1648 »

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Publié le 26 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Newport, Treaty of, 1648"

1

Kelsey, Sean. « Politics and Procedure in the Trial of Charles I ». Law and History Review 22, no 1 (2004) : 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4141664.

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In the autumn and winter of 1648, England descended into a domestic political crisis unparalleled at any time in the country's history before or since. At Newport on the Isle of Wight, representatives from both Houses of Parliament straggled to conclude a treaty with their king that would end years of civil war and restore some semblance of political order. But many Englishmen trembled to contemplate the consequences of negotiated settlement with a man who had caused so much chaos and bloodshed, who had contrived the violent incursion of a Scottish army onto English soil in the summer of 1648, and even now continued to pin his hopes on an invasion of Catholic forces from Ireland. The officers and men of the New Model Army and their radical supporters in the country at large called for an end to negotiations. They also demanded retributive justice on all those, “from the highest to the lowest,” who had almost drowned the nation in innocent blood, lest they seize the opportunity to finish the job. When the army placed the king himself under physical restraint, MPs proceeded regardless to declare themselves satisfied that the search for peaceful settlement ought to continue. The army now purged the House of Commons of the supporters of the Newport treaty. Many of its officers were eager enough to reach some kind of an understanding with the king themselves, but rather than negotiate, they preferred to dictate terms. When the king refused those that the earl of Denbigh purportedly took to him at Windsor Castle late in December 1648, the officers and their allies in the Rump House of Commons prepared to put Charles on trial instead. Justice would at last be done, and it would be seen to be done.
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Irvine, R. L., S. S. Haraburda et C. Galbis-Reig. « Combining SBR systems for chemical and biological treatment : the destruction of the nerve agent VX ». Water Science and Technology 50, no 10 (1 novembre 2004) : 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0598.

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The US Army is pilot testing the neutralization of VX nerve agent stockpiled at Newport, Indiana using caustic hydrolysis in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). The resulting hydrolysate was tested at the bench-scale for treatment with activated sludge biodegradation in two distinct studies, one in the SBR and another, in the PACT® process. The feed to both biological systems was pretreated to enhance the biodegradability of the hydrolysis products. Both biodegradation studies demonstrated that the hydrolysate could easily meet the Chemical Weapons Convention treaty and US environmental regulations following pretreatment.
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Belyayev, Michail. « THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNITED PROVINCES POLICY AT THE PEACE OF WESTPHALIA CONGRESS AND THE PEACE OF MÜNSTER CONCLUSION ». Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no 1 (49) (26 mai 2020) : 211–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2020-49-1-211-226.

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The Northern Netherlands fought for liberation from Spanish rule for 80 years. The country needed peace and confirmation of sovereignty. Spain, weakened by the war, was also interested in a peace treaty conclusion. Dutch-Spanish negotiations at the Peace of Westphalia Congress had not been held until January, 1646. The parties relatively quickly agreed on the basic terms of the agreement. They managed to resolve the issues of colonial conquest, trade, and the closure of the Scheldt. The contradictions, remained unresolved, concerned the position of the Catholic religion on the Lands of the Generality. However, there was no unity regarding the conclusion of peace in the republic itself. The province of Zeeland opposed the conclusion of the treaty. Despite this fact, in January 1647 a preliminary peace agreement was signed. It should come into force in case of signing the same Franco-Spanish agreement. In accordance with the Franco-Dutch Union Treaty, its parties undertook not to conclude a separate peace. However, France and Spain could not come to an agreement. As a result of the internal political struggle in the republic, the victory was won by the supporters of the separate peace conclusion. On January 30, 1648 the Peace of Münster was concluded between Spain and the Republic of the United Provinces. On May 15, 1648 the parties exchanged instruments of ratification. At the end of May, 1648 the province of Zeeland agreed to the peace concluded.
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Nefedov, B. « The critique of the Westphalian peace narrative ». International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 20, no 3 (30 septembre 2022) : 6–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2022.20.3.70.3.

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The article studies perceptions of the Peace of Westphalia that were formed in the fields of international relations history and the general theory of international law as a result of conflicting doctrines, with some claiming the Westphalian treaties of 1648 are of universal significance for these scientific fields, and others, conversely, denying that these treaties had any sort of influence on the formation of a modern system of international relations and the formation of international law as a legal system. The article concludes that the treaties of the Peace of Westphalia does not actually contain many of the provisions attributed to them. These norms often arise only from their interpretation. However, the critics of the treaties’ significance for the history of international relations and their international legal regulationwho focused their attention only on the verbatim text of these documents while ignoring the historical conditions surrounding their development and adoption, failed to properly assess their impact. The Westphalian Congress was the first congress in world history that was pan-European in character. Its widely representative nature, the lengthy period of time during which it was held, the content of the treaties and the universally binding nature of their provisions, as well as the protocol rules, allow us to claim that the states of this world region started to identify themselves as part of a single pan-European international community. Moreover, the Congress also saw the creation, in a relatively short time, not only of treaties, but also of customary norms of general international law that were of fundamental importance for the formation of a new system of international relations. Despite the fact that most of the provisions of the Peace Treaty of Westphalia of 1648 havean applied nature, it is by no means an insignificant medieval treaty, the only virtue of which lies in it ending the Thirty Years' War. The Peace of Westphalia is an example of the first pan-European international treaty in world historywhich formulated a number of binding norms for all states of this part of the world. To sum up, the Westphalian Peace Treaty was, a historic breakthrough the creation of treaty norms of general international law, and therefore the it should be deemed a historical milestone in the creation of international law as a legal system.
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Vasetsky, V. Y. « The influence of socio-political events in Europe in the XVI-XVII centuries on the development of legal doctrine of Modern history ». INTERPRETATION OF LAW : FROM THE THEORY TO THE PRACTICE, no 12 (2021) : 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/2524-017x-2021-12-23.

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In the history of the country’s development there are periods in which significant changes in social, political and economic life take place. These undoubtedly include the period of the European Reformation of the XVI-XVII centuries. Socio-political events in critical periods are at the same time the source of development in the legal sphere, when often in the struggle crystallize new, necessary for the development of the state, legal provisions of a doctrinal nature. The aim of this paper is to analyze the socio-political events in Europe in the XVI-XVII centuries, the results of the Thirty Years’ War and the significance of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 in terms of influencing the development of legal doctrine of Modern history, and also to provide a comparison with the peculiarities of the socio-political situation that took place in the Ukrainian lands of that time. It is noted that since the beginning of the XVI century. almost the entire world of that time was covered by the Reformation. First of all, it was a broad socio-political movement that took the form of a struggle with the Catholic Church. Against this backdrop of socio-political and economic change, Protestantism has become widespread throughout Europe, associated with the names of Martin Luther, Jean Calvin, and Ulrich Zwingli. At the same time, the Catholic Church and the Jesuits opposed the Reformation and led the Counter-Reformation. The result of this confrontation was the Thirty Years’ War - the first pan-European war of 1618 – 1648 between the Catholic Union and the coalition of Protestant states. In European history, this war has remained one of the most terrible European conflicts. Historians estimate that more than 2 million military and more than 6 million civilians were killed. Thirty Years’ War in Europe in the XVII century. ended with the signing in 1648 at the same time in Münster and Osnabrück peace treaty, which was called the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. It is emphasized that the Peace of Westphalia contains a number of provisions of a doctrinal nature. It is made conclusion that this treaty was the source of modern international law and had a long-term impact on the development of relations between states. Among the most important principles of doctrinal nature are the following: state sovereignty has become a universally recognized legal category; the principle of freedom of conscience is recognized with certain restrictions; the idea of sovereignty and independence of each state was opposed to the idea of a single Christian community; proclaimed the idea of ensuring certain human rights, especially the principle according to which private property and the rights of citizens of a hostile state could not be changed by war. Ukrainian ties with European events of that era also took place. This was reflected in the text of the Treaty of Osnabrück, where Ukrainians are noted as allies of Sweden, and the Treaty determined the relevant international legal status of Transylvania at that time. It is noted that the period of the Reformation coincides with the events in Ukraine, as a result of which the Ukrainian Liberation War began, led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky. Keywords: European Reformation, Peace of Westphalia, legal doctrine, origins of law, the Revolution of Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
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Offor, Ogbonnaya, Samuel Odoh et Pedro Iwuozor. « Denunciation of Treaty in International Politics : A Critical Analysis of US’ Renunciation from the Paris Climate Change Agreement ». African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies 16, no 1 (1 juin 2023) : 111–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i1.7.

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Since the wake of the Westphalia Peace (or Treaty) in 1648, the idea of treaty has become handy and instrumental to the conditioning of the globe and maintenance of peace in the international arena. One of such treaties is the Paris Climate Agreement entered by states to forestall global warming and other climatic issues. It is however, problematic to note that states now willingly opt out of agreements entered in the international arena. This study sets out to interrogate why states denounce treaties, focusing on President Donald Trump’s choice to pull US out of Paris Climate Agreement. The study is anchored on the theory of Rational Actor Model, causal research design, documentary method of data collection, and content analytical method of data inquiry and analysis. The study argued that the concern of reduced economic competitiveness, conditional commitments, and nationalistic thinking are to be considered as US reasons for Paris Climate Treaty denunciation. The study deciphered that US’ choice to pull out of the Paris Climate agreement under Donald Trump’s presidency is not unconnected to Trump’s rationalistic choice or idea to put US first and make her great through nationalistic economic policies devoid of global influences, and global economic bazar, which he saw as wasteful venture. The study recommended that humanity needs all hands (states) on deck to combat the common enemy of global warming occasioned by climate change. Hence, the treaty through a more accommodating and friendly protocol should be sustained by all parties.
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Chukwu, Ruwhuoma. « A REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND TREATY RELATIONSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ». International Journal of Comparative Studies in International Relations and Development 8, no 1 (12 janvier 2022) : 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijcsird.v8.i1.09.

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This work reviewed the reality of treaty relationship in International relations. As a notable tool in organization and community, law has directed and regulated relation among states especially in their pursuit of interests’ in the International arena. International law has been the rules put in place to guide these relationships. It is International law that has continued to set out principles and frame works that moderates and harmonizes State interests. International law is likened to customary law because it is a product of the conscience of State as there is a general repetition of similar acts that maintains international relations. International law has developed in accordance with the unfolding trends in International relations, notable among which is treaty relationships. A treaty is an agreement, formal or informal between States, governed by International law. The law of treaty according Umuozurike 1999, is more or less a codification of existing customary law on which International law is based upon. Treaty relationships in International law creates rights and obligations that give Parties contractual capacity in International law. To justify the importance of treaty in International relations, the work examined the element of Statehood as the major actor in International relations. The history of International relations traced back to the 1648 Peace of WestPhalia that ended the 30 years war gave States sovereign rights in International law. In the International system, the existence of sovereign authority is universally recognized as the essential qualification of its membership in the International community, where the United Nations has played very notable role. International Institution building has remained the most important transformation in the development of International relations. The establishment of the United Nations in 1945 marked a significant milestone in the history of International relations that this study made a slight analysis on. The laws governing treaty relationships was on the initiative of the United Nations in her quest to fulfil her aims and purpose to maintain International Peace and Security. States are bound by treaties duly entered into. From the definition of treaty, to the formalities in signing, to the ratification, reservation, registration and deposit, application and operations, to termination as reviewed, shows that treaties are very fundamental in the formation of International Law and International relations.
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Tsivatyi, V. « Diplomatic Receptions and Dilemmas of the New Diplomacy during the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) : the Institutional Discourse ». Problems of World History, no 6 (30 octobre 2018) : 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2018-6-4.

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The article analyzes the events and consequences of the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) for new European diplomacy and political and institutional development of Europe. Attention is focused on thediplomatic tools, national specifics and features of the negotiation process of European states during and as a result of the Thirty Years War. The outcome of the Westphalian Congress was an importantstimulus for further European socio-economic, security, political and diplomatic development. The practical achievements of the Westphalian Congress and the experience acquired by Europeandiplomacy in the first half of the 17th century determined the future institutional development of world diplomacy and international law, which has not lost its relevance so far. The article describes theevents of the Thirty Years War of 1618-1648, the struggle for national sovereignty and the formation of national states, the signing of a peace treaty, the formation of a new permanent diplomacy and a system of international relations.
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Keith, Kenneth J. « Roles of the Courts in New Zealand in Giving Effect to International Human Rights - with Some History ». Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 29, no 1 (1 janvier 1999) : 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v29i1.6049.

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The Right Honourable Sir Kenneth Keith was the fourth speaker at the NZ Institute of International Affairs Seminar. In this article he describes and reflects upon the role of courts and judges in relation to the advancement of human rights, an issue covered in K J Keith (ed) Essays on Human Rights (Sweet and Maxwell, Wellington, 1968). The article is divided into two parts. The first part discusses international lawmakers attempting to protect individual groups of people from 1648 to 1948, including religious minorities and foreign traders, slaves, aboriginal natives, victims of armed conflict, and workers. The second part discusses how from 1945 to 1948, there was a shift in international law to universal protection. The author notes that while treaties are not part of domestic law, they may have a constitutional role, be relevant in determining the common law, give content to the words of a statute, help interpret legislation which is in line with a treaty, help interpret legislation which is designed to give general effect to a treaty (but which is silent on the particular matter), and help interpret and affect the operation of legislation to which the international text has no apparent direct relation.
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STEWART, LAURA A. M. « ENGLISH FUNDING OF THE SCOTTISH ARMIES IN ENGLAND AND IRELAND, 1640–1648 ». Historical Journal 52, no 3 (4 août 2009) : 573–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x09007468.

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ABSTRACTThe rebellion against Charles I's authority that began in Edinburgh in 1637 involved the Scots in successive invasions of England and armed intervention in Ireland. Historians have almost universally taken a negative view of Scottish involvement in these wars, because it has been assumed that the Scottish political leadership sacrificed all other considerations in order to pursue an unrealistic religious crusade. This article suggests that aspects of the Anglo-Scottish relationship need to be reappraised. Using estimates of English payments to the Scots during the 1640s, it will be argued that the Scottish leadership made pragmatic political decisions based on a practical appreciation of the country's military and fiscal capacity. Substantial payouts from the English parliament enabled the Scottish parliamentary regime to engage in military and diplomatic activities that the country could not otherwise have afforded. The 1643 treaty that brought the Scots into the English Civil War on the side of parliament contrasts favourably with the 1647 Engagement in support of the king. It will be shown that, although the English parliament did not honour all of its obligations to the Scots, it does not automatically follow that the alliance was a failure in financial terms.
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Livres sur le sujet "Newport, Treaty of, 1648"

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Guthrie, William P. The later Thirty Years War : From the Battle of Wittstock to the Treaty of Westphalia. Westport, Conn : Greenwood Press, 2003.

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Heinz, Holzhauer, dir. Europa 1648-1998 : Von Münster nach Maastricht : Symposium anlässlich des 350. Jahrestages des Westfälischen Friedens. Münster : LIT, 1999.

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Comte, M. le. L' esprit du gouvernement anglais ou Son système politique et celui des puissances de l'Europe, pendant deux siècles : Ouvrage impartial utile à tous les Européens dans lequel on donne une idée des traités ... A Paris : Chez Vincard, imprimeur-libraire ..., 1986.

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France. Atomic energy : Light water reactor safety : arrangement between the United States of America and France, signed at Rockville and Fontenay-aux-Roses April 25 and May 22, 1995 with appendices and annex. Washington, D.C : Dept. of State, 1999.

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France. Atomic energy : Technical information exchange and cooperation in nuclear safety matters, signed at Paris September 17, 1984. Washington, D.C : Dept. of State : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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France. Atomic energy : International Piping Integrity Research Group (IPIRG) : agreement between the United States of America and France, signed at Fontenay-aux-Roses and Bethesda February 20 and March 5, 1987. Washington, D.C : Dept. of State, 1997.

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France. Atomic energy : Light water reactor safety : arrangement between the United States of America and France, signed at Rockville and Fontenay-aux-Roses April 25 and May 22, 1995 with appendices and annex. Washington, D.C : Dept. of State, 1999.

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France. Protocol to the 1967 Tax Convention with France : Message from the President of the United States transmitting the protocol of June 16, 1988, together with a related exchange of notes, to the convention between the United States of America and the French Republic with respect to taxes on income and property of July 28, 1967, as amended by the protocols of October 12, 1970, and November 24, 1978 and January 17, 1984. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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France. Oceanography, ocean drilling : Memorandum of understanding between the United States of America and France, signed at Paris October 23, 1984. Washington, D.C : Dept. of State, 1992.

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France. Protocol to the 1967 Tax Convention with France : Message from the President of the United States transmitting the protocol of June 16, 1988, together with a related exchange of notes, to the convention between the United States of America and the French Republic with respect to taxes on income and property of July 28, 1967, as amended by the protocols of October 12, 1970, and November 24, 1978 and January 17, 1984. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Newport, Treaty of, 1648"

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« No. 28336. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Italy ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 261–329. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/93d666b1-en-fr.

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« No. 28334. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Canada ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 223–43. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/94f41e0b-en-fr.

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« No. 28326. Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama and Peru ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 35–71. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/4b9d4e9d-en-fr.

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« No. 28344. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Burundi ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 427–41. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/2403196e-en-fr.

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« No. 28333. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Brazil ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 213–21. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/a46b32b3-en-fr.

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« No. 28341. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United Republic of Tanzania ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 389–401. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/593921b0-en-fr.

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« No. 28328. Brazil and Morocco ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 113–30. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/fa5973c2-en-fr.

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« No. 28337. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and India and Iraq ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 331–46. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/fc022a2f-en-fr.

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« No. 28335. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Bahamas ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 245–59. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/71dcc9b1-en-fr.

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« No. 28332. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America ». Dans Treaty Series 1648, 179–212. UN, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/c95a6118-en-fr.

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