Thèses sur le sujet « New antibiotics »
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Consultez les 50 meilleures thèses pour votre recherche sur le sujet « New antibiotics ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Parcourez les thèses sur diverses disciplines et organisez correctement votre bibliographie.
Santiago, Marina Joy. « New Genomics Tools and Strategies for Studying Antibiotics and Antibiotic-Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus ». Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493460.
Texte intégralChemical Biology
Zhang, Ziyang. « A Platform for the Discovery of New Macrolide Antibiotics ». Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493421.
Texte intégralChemistry and Chemical Biology
Knight, J. « New synthetic methods for the synthesis of #BETA#-lactam antibiotics ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373921.
Texte intégralDawson, Janet Ruth. « The synthesis and electrochemical studies of a new valinomycin analogue containing remote functionality ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315981.
Texte intégralBower, S. « New methods in acyclic stereocontrol directed towards the synthesis of bafilomycin A1 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272787.
Texte intégralBouloc, Nathalie Sylvie. « New methodologies for the construction of polyether libraries ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324807.
Texte intégralNorthern, William I. « DISCOVERY OF NEW ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS USING COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1197323543.
Texte intégralMehanni, Magda Mohamed. « Targeting Bacillus subtilis essential genes for the development of new antibiotics ». Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419577.
Texte intégralMurray, Clare Louise. « A new approach to the synthesis of DNA-interactive pyrrolo-[1,4]-benzodiazepin-5-ones ». Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321143.
Texte intégralTempley, Margaret Patricia. « The synthesis of some new heterocyclic analogues of the beta-lactam antibiotics ». Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384557.
Texte intégralDavid, Wendi Marjene. « Studies of a new class of aza-enediynes : aza-Bergman cyclization and the potential use of aza-enediynes as antitumor agents / ». Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004248.
Texte intégralYoshioka, Alan Yorke. « Streptomycin, 1946 : British central administration of supplies of a new drug of American origin with special reference to clinical trials in tuberculosis ». Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8075.
Texte intégralLouw, Marissa. « New platinum and palladium complexes : their anticancer application ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1016218.
Texte intégralReinhardt, André [Verfasser], Ines [Gutachter] Neundorf et Karin [Gutachter] Schnetz. « Antimicrobial peptides as new potential antibiotics / André Reinhardt ; Gutachter : Ines Neundorf, Karin Schnetz ». Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1137322225/34.
Texte intégralZaet, Abdurraouf. « An alternative to conventional antibiotics : a new antimicrobial peptide derived from chromogranin A ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAE004/document.
Texte intégralAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent important components of innate immunity. They are present in most multicellular organisms and constitute the first line of defense against infections. They exhibit a large spectrum of activities, a non-toxicity against host cells and synergistic effects with conventional antibiotics. Therefore, they can be as excellent candidates in the development of new antibiotics to fight pathogens resistance. Concerning to AMPs derived from chromogranin A (CgA), Cateslytin (Ctl) represents a new antibiotic, which displays direct antimicrobial activities and immunomodulatory properties. In my thesis, I aimed to characterize the epipeptide D-Ctl, where all (L-conformation) residues were replaced by (D-conformation) residues. Firstly, antimicrobial assays were performed, cells viability, immune assays, and the stability in bacterial supernatant was tested. The efficiency of D-Ctl was compared with L-Ctl against bacterial strains, then MICs were determined and compared with combinations in presence of classical antibiotics in order to show synergistic or/and additive effect. Moreover, D-Ctl does not trigger resistance in E. coli. Also, cytotoxicity assays were performed on several types of cell line and PBMCs. Inflammatory effects were tested too. Then, bacterial model E. coli MDR was used for physicochemical analysis such as epifluorescence microscopy, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Finally, D-Ctl patent has been deposited in 2016 under the number EP 16306539.4 “New D-configured cateslytin peptide”. To conclude: D-Ctl is able to rapidly kill a broad spectrum of microorganisms, and it could potentiate the antimicrobial effect of several antibiotics
Lavesa, Curto Manuel. « New strategies for assessing the sequence selective binding of small molecules to DNA ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390604.
Texte intégralKeshavamurthy, Nishanth, et Venkatesh Akshay Narsipur. « A new approach to purchasing of antibiotics for the Swedish system : A Cost-Benefit Analysis of centralized purchasing ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-423294.
Texte intégralVila, Farrés Xavier. « Development of new antimicrobial peptides and peptidomimetics and mechanism of resistance to peptide antibiotics ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285375.
Texte intégralActualment al mon hi ha un greu problema derivat de dos factors relacionats, el primer factor es el increment de la resistència, especialment del bacteris del grup ESKAPE. El segon factor es la disminució dràstica en el nombre d’antibiòtics aprovats per la FDA. Aquests dos problemes fan que hi hagi una urgència per trobar nous antimicrobians efectius en front d’aquestes soques resistents. En aquesta tesi hem abordat dos temes diferents però que estan relacionats a la hora de trobar nous antibiòtics. El primer tema abordat es el de conèixer a fons els mecanismes de resistència de certs antibiòtics, en aquest cas peptídics, en front diferents tipus de soques tant Gram-positives (S. mitis) com Gram-negatives (A. nosocomialis). Els dos antibiòtics peptídics pels que s’ha estudiat la resistència son daptomicina i colistina, en front de S. mitis i A. nosocomialis respectivament. Ambdós pèptids actuen a nivell de membrana, per tant ens centrarem en veure les modificacions produïdes en els soques resistents. Per part de S. mitis resistent a daptomicina, es pot veure una sobreexpressió de dues proteïnes que tenen dominis homòlegs amb altres proteïnes involucrades en la resistència a daptomicina en altres bacteris. En la resistència a colistina es pot apreciar com les soques resistents d’A. nosocomialis presenten una deficiència del LPS. També hem proposat diferents alternatives com a nous antibiòtics, en aquest cas en front de soques A. baumannii. Dos tipus d’aproximacions van ser utilitzades, la primera, i mes clàssica es la de trobar nous antimicrobians, vàrem trobar mastoparan i va diferents paràmetres van ser optimitzat però sense obtindré bons resultats in vivo. També es van provar diferents pèptids provinents de les secrecions de les granotes, presentant bona activitat en front soques d’Acinetobacter, i per últim, les ceragenines, anàlegs del àcid cólic, que tenen bona activitat en front de totes les soques tant colistina sensibles com colistina resistents en Gram-negatius. La segona aproximació es buscant pèptids capaços d’inhibir l’adherència entre el bacteri i la cèl•lula del hoste bloquejant l’acció de la proteïna OmpA. S’ha trobat un pèptid amb bona activitat fins i tot in vivo.
Morishima, Manabu. « Sustained release of vancomycin from a new biodegradable glue to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus graft infection ». Kyoto University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180460.
Texte intégralKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(医学)
甲第17856号
医博第3825号
新制||医||1000(附属図書館)
30676
京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻
(主査)教授 一山 智, 教授 伊達 洋至, 教授 鈴木 茂彦
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Jones, Marlon D. « CHIRAL 1, 2-DIAMINO GUESTS IN CHAIN REPLACEMENT PEPTIDOMIMETICS : A NEW HELICAL MOTIF ». UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/487.
Texte intégralChee, Xavier. « Rational development of new inhibitors of lipoteichoic acid synthase ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269766.
Texte intégralHagman, Ragnvi. « New aspects of canine pyometra : studies on epidemiology and pathogenesis / ». Uppsala : Dept. of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/v182.pdf.
Texte intégralKöhnke, Alessa [Verfasser], et Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Friedrich. « Structural studies of PaFabA- potential target for new antibiotics against Pseudomonas aueruginosa / Alessa Köhnke. Betreuer : Reinhard Friedrich ». Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075858666/34.
Texte intégralXu, Ling. « Structural studies on S. aureus YlaN and YmfM : exploring unknown biology in the search for new antibiotics ». Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444959.
Texte intégralStarosta, Agata Lucyna [Verfasser], et Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Beckmann. « Antibiotics and translation : overcoming emerging bacterial resistance to old and new antimicrobials / Agata Lucyna Starosta. Betreuer : Roland Beckmann ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1051777267/34.
Texte intégralBułyszko, Ilona [Verfasser]. « Studies on ansamycin antibiotics : mutasynthetic approach towards new rifamycin derivatives and total synthesis of progeldanamycin derivatives / Ilona Bułyszko ». Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB), 2016. http://d-nb.info/1126666726/34.
Texte intégralLi, Linsen. « Development of New Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors as Promising Antibiotics with a 5-Amino-1,3-dioxane Linker Moiety ». The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu156336340053257.
Texte intégralZarins-Tutt, Joseph Scott. « Gene mining of biosynthesis genes and biosynthetic manipulation of marine bacteria for the production of new antibiotic candidates ». Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7690.
Texte intégralBreydo, Leonid P. « New mechanisms of DNA damage and non-covalent DNA binding by the antitumor antibiotic Leinamycin ». free to MU campus, to others for purchase free online, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/preview?3052153.
Texte intégralViegelmann, Christina Victoria. « Metabolomics as a tool in the identification and production of new marine-derived antibiotics from sponges and endosymbiotic bacteria ». Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24876.
Texte intégralRodriguez, Roman. « New method for determination of â-lactam antibiotics by means of Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy using polyurethane foam as sorbent ». Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2006. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-01052006-142652/.
Texte intégralHörtner, Simone Rachel. « Towards a new class of antibiotics for the treatment of Shigellosis : design and synthesis of inhibitors of tRNA-guanine transglycosylase / ». Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17158.
Texte intégralCoquin, Laurence. « Synthesis and biological activity of heterocycles and heptapeptide derivatives related to microcin B17 : potential leads for new herbicides and antibiotics ». Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426422.
Texte intégralCIARAMELLI, CARLOTTA. « Synthesis and characterization of new small-molecule ligands of LPS binding proteins ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/77016.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this work is the design, synthesis and characterization of new small molecules, active as ligands of two different lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding proteins. LPS, or bacterial endotoxin, is an amphiphilic macromolecule ubiquitous on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. The LPS binding proteins studied during this thesis project belong to two classes: the bacterial proteins of the Lpt transport machinery and the mammalian TLR4 receptor system, including the co-receptors LBP, CD14, MD-2. Lpt proteins, and in particular the protein LptC, are responsible for the export mechanism of LPS to the cell surface of Gram negative bacteria, which is a fundamental step of the LPS biosynthetic pathway. Therefore, the LPS biogenesis represents an ideal target for development of novel antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, the structures of Lpt proteins have been elucidated, but very little is known about the mechanism of LPS transport. In this thesis work different techniques were used to study the interaction between LPS and LptC, particularly NMR binding studies. Moreover, a new fluorescent LPS was produced and it was used as a tool to perform LPS-LptC interaction studies with fluorescence techniques. Some new synthetic molecules were also developed during this thesis. Glycolipidic small molecules were designed and synthesized in order to obtain LptC ligands and, in perspective, potential antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the innate immunity receptor, recognizes LPS, helped by other proteins (LBP, CD14 and MD-2), and it is responsible for the induction of inflammatory responses. Synthetic small molecules able to modulate innate immunity receptors activity are a powerful mean to study the TLR4 receptor system and have great pharmacological interest as vaccine adjuvants (agonists), antisepsis and anti-inflammatory agents (antagonists). Antagonist activity on TLR4 receptor system of amino glycolipids (IAXO-102) was clearly demonstrated by our research group. The synthesis of molecules derived from IAXO-102 which retain the biological activity of the precursor was a target of this work. In particular, the synthesis of fluorescent probes, used for binding studies, zwitterionic derivatives and dimeric molecules were performed. Anionic TLR4 antagonists with a chemical structure more similar to Lipid A were also obtained in our labs. The aim of this work was the evaluation via NMR binding experiments of their ability to bind the innate immunity co-receptor MD-2. The amphiphilic character of the synthetic lipid A analogues synthesized so far is often associated with low water solubility and poor bioavailability. In this respect, the natural TLR4-active compounds have better solubility and bioavailability. The chemical modification of these structures is very helpful to modulate their biological activity and to enhance target specificity. Consequently, in a later stage of this work, the synthesis of new small molecules with chemical structures inspired to natural TLR4 modulators was pursued. Very recently it was found that some phenolic compounds from olive oil extracts presented a good activity as TLR4 antagonists. The synthesis of some analogues of these molecules was performed to obtain new potential TLR4 antagonists with better water solubility and reduced toxicity.
Jorba, Pedrosa Marta. « Outer membrane : a key obstacle for new antimicrobial agents ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672746.
Texte intégralINTRODUCCIÓN: La resistencia a los antimicrobianos es uno de los principales desafíos del mundo tanto en microbiología como en salud pública, ya que las infecciones causadas por bacterias multirresistentes están alcanzando niveles alarmantes. Una opción para abrir nuevas perspectivas antimicrobianas es la modificación química de compuestos antimicrobianos ya existentes que pueden resultar medicamentos optimizados con propiedades antimicrobianas mejoradas. En este contexto, en esta tesis se llevó a cabo la exploración de la actividad de los derivados de Microcina J25 y Trimethoprim. HIPÓTESIS: Las principales hipótesis de esta tesis son que las modificaciones químicas de los antibióticos actuales y la combinación de estos compuestos modificados con antibióticos antiguos rescatados pueden contribuir significativamente a superar los problemas que surgen del aumento y la propagación de la resistencia a los antibióticos en las bacterias. Objetivos: El principal objetivo de esta tesis es determinar las propiedades antimicrobianas de compuestos químicamente modificados. Metodología: Se exploró la actividad antimicrobiana de los compuestos derivados frente bacterias planctónicas y frente bacterias sésiles. También se estudiaron las curvas de crecimiento de varios microorganismos en contacto con estos compuestos y en combinación con colistina. Se ensayó la citotoxicidad de todos los compuestos. Se llevó a cabo un ensayo enzimático con E. coli DHFR así como un modelo de docking. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Con respecto a la Microcina MccJ25, se detectó que la modificación química del compuesto dio como resultado un nuevo péptido sin actividad antimicrobiana ya que se evitó su detección por el receptor de membrana FhuA. Esta actuó de forma sinérgica con concentraciones subletales de colistina debido a que la polimixina facilitó la entrada de la microcina a través de la membrana y, una vez dentro de la célula, el nuevo compuesto conservó su capacidad para inhibir el crecimiento de las bacterias. En cuanto a Trimethoprim (TMP), algunos de los nuevos derivados mostraron un efecto antibacteriano similar al de TMP. Además, casi todos los nuevos compuestos actuaron sinérgicamente con SMX. P. aeruginosa PAO1 fue totalmente resistente a TMP y todos sus derivados, así como a la combinación de TMP-SMX. La combinación de TMP, análogos de TMP y SMX con colistina mejoró su eficacia antimicrobiana contra E. coli, P. aeruginosa y S. marcescens ya que ésta permeabilizó las células. Los compuestos 1a y 1b, como TMP, inhibieron la actividad de la DHFR de E. coli. Además, se observó que el anillo heterocíclico del compuesto 1a llena el bolsillo ocupado por el anillo de nicotinamida de NADPH y se sugirió que ambas moléculas interactúan con los análogos durante la inhibición.
Huang, Qinhua. « New Palladium-Catalyzed Approaches to Heterocycles and Carbocycles ». Washington, D.C. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Science ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/835382-35f7N8/webviewable/.
Texte intégralPaulson, Philip Theodor. « California Livestock Owners : An Assessment of Familiarity with New Antimicrobial Rules and Access to Educational Outreach ». DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2012.
Texte intégralLeslie, J. Michelle. « N-Thiolated b-lactam antibiotics : synthesis and structure-activity studies of C3 oxygenated derivatives and attachement to new, functionalized caprolactone monomers and polymers ». [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001685.
Texte intégralLöfgren, Christina. « Pharmacological and clinical studies of new ways to improve cytostatic treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia : in vitro and in vivo studies / ». Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-183-0/.
Texte intégralJowitt, Deborah Mary. « The H-bug epidemic the impact of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcal infection on New Zealand society and health 1955-1963 : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Health Science (Midwifery), Auckland University of Technology, 2004 ». Full thesis. Abstract, 2004.
Trouver le texte intégralPark, Tansol. « Towards a Better Understanding of the Metabolism, Physiology, and Ecology of Rumen Protozoa : New Insights from Culturomics and Genomics ». The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511959620750916.
Texte intégralLiu, Minhao. « Structural studies of a potent Escherichia coli RNAP inhibitor T7 Gp2 and its interaction with RNAP β' subunit : an early step towards devising new antibiotics ». Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9038.
Texte intégralAdeyemi, Oluwatosin Oluwakemi. « Comparative in-vitro activities of trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole and the new fluoroquinolones against confirmed extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape environment ». Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007576.
Texte intégralMeier, Kirstin Anne [Verfasser]. « Identification of new molecular targets and antibiotics as novel strategies against filarial infections : Characterization of lipid II biosynthesis in Wolbachia endobacteria / Kirstin Anne Meier ». Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/118973060X/34.
Texte intégralMeier, Kirstin [Verfasser]. « Identification of new molecular targets and antibiotics as novel strategies against filarial infections : Characterization of lipid II biosynthesis in Wolbachia endobacteria / Kirstin Anne Meier ». Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/118973060X/34.
Texte intégralCanter, Brandi N. « Modeling Antibiotic Resistance when Adding a New Antibiotic to a Hospital Setting ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/30.
Texte intégralEckert, Tobias. « Efficacy of longterm antibiotic treatment for chronic lyme-borreliosis/post-lyme syndrome : a systematic review / ». Bern, 2007. http://www.public-health-edu.ch/new/Abstracts/ET_26.03.08.pdf.
Texte intégralBates, Andrew D. « New reactions in tetramic acid synthesis ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252629.
Texte intégralRingan, Neil S. « New reactions of ceph-3-ems ». Thesis, University of Abertay Dundee, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329125.
Texte intégralAfouda, Pamela. « Microbiote ancien versus microbiote contemporain : analyses culturomics, métagénomique et comparaisons génomiques ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0581.
Texte intégralThe exploration of the human microbiota has been a turning point in recent years with the significant contribution of the « microbial culturomics » a high throughput culture technique that has significantly increased the repertoire of cultivable human microbes. But this approach has never been applied to the study of ancient ecosystems. To start, we have combined culturomics approach with metagenomics to explore the bacterial composition of an ancient environmental sample dated to 2.7 million years old: Siberian permafrost. We identified 28 bacterial species that we have sequenced and then compared to their contemporary counterparts by analyzing their resistance patterns and studying their genomic evolution mainly by determining the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) composition in the genomes. We found that permafrost strains harbored two to fifty-one antibiotic resistance genes belonging to twenty different antibiotic class and were phenotypically resistant to 2-8 different antibiotic class. Genomics studies show that contemporary genomes and ancient strains were quite similar, thus revealing a reduced molecular evolution for 2.7 million years.Secondly, we evaluated the impact of "ethanol disinfection" on the intestinal microbiota's composition that can be used as bacteriotherapy, particularly to treat Clostridium difficile infections. The application of twenty-two culture conditions on 11 stools of faecal graft donors previously disinfected with ethanol allowed the isolation of 254 predominantly anaerobic bacterial species. Among these, 242 had never been reported in bacteriotherapy trials and represent potential candidates for future studies