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Merckelbach, Harald, Peter Muris, Henk Nijman et Peter J. de Jong. « Self-reported cognitive failures and neurotic symptomatology ». Personality and Individual Differences 20, no 6 (juin 1996) : 715–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(96)00024-4.
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Farahmandian, Hamid, et Lu Shao. « Stephen’s neurotic self-estrangement : A case study of James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man ». Journal of European Studies 52, no 1 (14 février 2022) : 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00472441211072609.
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This article examines neurosis in the personality of Stephen Dedalus in James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man as a means to understand his intellectual and artistic development. Although Joyce’s fictional characters have been studied from various psychoanalytic perspectives, the psycho-neurotic aspect of these characters – particularly Stephen – has been largely overlooked. We use Karen Horney’s theory of neurosis as an analytic device to reveal how Stephen’s self-estrangement and neurotic personality bring about his successful evolution as a creative artist, suggesting that Stephen moves away from other people because of his neurotic need of perfection, self-sufficiency and narrow limits on his life. The uncertainty of these needs leads Stephen to become hostile to his society, as he is estranged from it. Consequently, he adopts a detached personality. His self-estrangement leaves Stephen neurotic inasmuch as it increases his artistic power.
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Sumi, Katsunori, Shouhei Tsuzuki et Koji Kanda. « Neurotic Perfectionism, Perceived Stress, and Self-Esteem among Japanese Men : A Prospective Study ». Psychological Reports 88, no 1 (février 2001) : 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.1.19.
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The present study examined the relationship between self-report scores of neurotic perfectionism and of perceived stress and self-esteem 6 wk. later among 146 Japanese male college students. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that scores for neurotic perfectionism accounted for statistically significant but functionally small variance (4% and 3%) in scores for perceived stress and self-esteem obtained at Time 2 (6 wk. later), after controlling for the scores for perceived stress and self-esteem at Time 1, respectively.
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Styla, Rafal. « Change in Self-Concept Differentiation after Psychotherapy and its Relation to Psychological Maladjustment ». Psychological Reports 110, no 2 (avril 2012) : 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/02.07.15.pr0.110.2.397-402.
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The research was carried out with a group of 105 psychotherapy participants, diagnosed with neurosis or personality disorders, and 36 controls. Analysis supported the hypotheses that self-concept differentiation (SCD) decreases after psychotherapeutic interventions and that the reduction in SCD is positively correlated with an improvement in neurotic symptoms and neurotic personality traits.
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Savchenko, Olena V., Lyudmila V. Muzychko et Lina A. Kolesnichenko. « THE INFLUENCE OF UNHEALTHY NEUROTICISM ON THE PECULIARITIES OF PERSONAL DECISION MAKING ». Wiadomości Lekarskie 74, no 11 (2021) : 2695–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202111102.
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The aim: To determine the influence of unhealthy neuroticism (the high level of personal neuroticism) on the properties of the decision-making process, to identify the differences in the decision-making process features of persons with high and low levels of neuroticism. Materials and methods: A comparative design was used with two contrasting groups, which differed in the level of neuroticism. Causal relationships were defined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The methods «Diagnosis of the neurotic personality tendency” (L. Vasserman), “Diagnosis of decision-making features” (D. Myroshnyk, O. Savchenko), “Locus of control” (O. Ksenofontova) were used for diagnosis. Results: It was identified that individuals with a high level of neurotic personality tendency have exhibited less self-control in the decision-making process (p <0.01), have formed a pessimistic expectations of the ways in which decisions should be fulfilled (p <0.01). A high level of neurotic personality tendency has occurred mostly in students with a high level of external locus of control (p <0.01), a low assessment of self-competence (p <0.01), low internality in the field of interpersonal relations (p <0.05), unformed willingness to overcome difficulties (p <0.05). The level of neuroticism is an important factor of the peculiarities of decision-making process (self-control (p <0.001) and optimistic expectations (p <0.02)). The general level of internality has determined the level of neurotic personality tendency (p <0.02) Conclusions: Unhealthy neuroticism, which manifests itself in a high level of neurotic personality tendency, is a risk factor of mental health, and it prevents timely make appropriate decisions. The high level of external locus of control mediately (through increasing the level of neurotic personality tendency) affects the procedural and effective properties of the decision-making process.
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Dimov, Milen. « NEUROTIC SYMPTOMATICS RELATED TO PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS IN YOUTH ». International Conference on Technics, Technologies and Education, ICTTE 2019 (2019) : 2014–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ictte.2019.03.079.
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The present study traces the dynamics of personal characteristics in youth and the manifested neurotic symptoms in the training process. These facts are the reason for the low levels of school results in the context of the existing theoretical statements of the problem and the empirical research conducted among the trained teenagers. We suggest that the indicators of neurotic symptomatology in youth – aggression, anxiety, and neuroticism, are the most demonstrated, compared to the other studied indicators of neurotic symptomatology. Studies have proved that there is a difference in the act of neurotic symptoms when tested in different situations, both in terms of expression and content. At the beginning of the school year, neurotic symptoms, more demonstrated in some aspects of aggressiveness, while at the end of school year, psychotism is more demonstrated. The presented summarized results indicate that at the beginning of the school year, neurotic symptoms are strongly associated with aggression. There is a tendency towards a lower level of social responsiveness, both in the self-assessment of real behavior and in the ideal “I”-image of students in the last year of their studies. The neurotic symptomatology, more demonstrated due to specific conditions in the life of young people and in relation to the characteristics of age.
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Hater, Leonie, Johanna Schulte, Katharina Geukes, Ulrike Buhlmann et Mitja D. Back. « Disentangling the contributions of agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism to drive for thinness and drive for muscularity ». PLOS ONE 16, no 6 (15 juin 2021) : e0253187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253187.
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Body image concerns revolving around body ideals (thin ideal, muscular ideal) are widespread among women. Whereas a stronger preoccupation with ideal physical appearance is often assumed for narcissistic women, previous empirical findings have been mixed. Following a tripartite structure of agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism facets, we reexamined whether trait narcissism predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. We further explored the role of importance of appearance as a mediator and moderator of the relation between narcissism and body image concerns. Latent structural equation modeling was applied to self-report data from two independent nonclinical female samples (NSample1 = 224, NSample2 = 342). Results underlined the importance of distinguishing between narcissism facets: Neurotic (but not agentic or antagonistic) narcissism uniquely predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. Importance of appearance mediated but did not robustly moderate these relations. Hence, neurotic narcissistic women (characterized by hypersensitivity, shame, and a fragile self-esteem) are particularly prone to body image concerns. This vulnerability seems partly driven by how much importance they ascribe to their appearance. Future work might build on these insights to further unravel the processes linking neurotic narcissism to body image concerns and how these can be targeted in practical interventions.
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Mendelevich, V. D. « Pathopsychological assessment of the nosological independence of neuroses ». Kazan medical journal 69, no 1 (15 février 1988) : 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj97027.
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In clinical neurology today, there is a revision of the principal positions, which casts doubt on the nosological essence of neuroses. The issues of differential diagnostic criteria of neuroses, boundaries of neuroses and neurotic personality development, accentuation of character traits and decompensation of psychopathies remain rather debatable in psychiatry up to now. Questions of clinical differentiation of psychologically adequate, preclinical, neurotic and psychopathic reactions to frustration are poorly studied. As a consequence, the importance of pathopsychological studies of borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, the study of patients' self-esteem and self-awareness, and the analysis of compensation mechanisms and protective measures that contribute to the prevention of neurosis is growing.
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Kamaradova, D., K. Latalova, J. Prasko, A. Grambal, Z. Sigmundova, M. Ociskova et J. Zapletalova. « Self-stigma and Suicidality in Patients with Neurotic Spectrum Disorders ». European Psychiatry 30 (mars 2015) : 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)32108-8.
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Robinson, Michael D., et Benjamin M. Wilkowski. « Loving, Hating, Vacillating : Agreeableness, Implicit Self-Esteem, and Neurotic Conflict ». Journal of Personality 74, no 4 (août 2006) : 935–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00399.x.
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Robinson, Michael D., Scott Ode, Benjamin M. Wilkowski et David M. Amodio. « Neurotic contentment : A self-regulation view of neuroticism-linked distress. » Emotion 7, no 3 (2007) : 579–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.7.3.579.
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BRUGHA, T. S., Z. MORGAN, P. BEBBINGTON, R. JENKINS, G. LEWIS, M. FARRELL et H. MELTZER. « Social support networks and type of neurotic symptom among adults in British households ». Psychological Medicine 33, no 2 (février 2003) : 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291702006505.
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Background. Current knowledge about associations between psychosocial factors and non-psychotic symptoms provide little information about their relationship to specific types of neurotic symptoms such as symptoms of fatigue, worry, phobic anxiety and obsessional symptoms.Method. The British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity was based on a cross-sectional random sample of 10108 householders. Neurotic symptoms were established by lay interviewers using the revised fully structured Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R). Subjects were asked about perceived social support, the size of their close primary social network and sociodemographic attributes. To assess possible associations between specific types of neurotic symptoms and psychosocial risk factors multivariate Huber logistic models (a modified form of repeated measures design modelling) was used taking account of correlation between symptom types and sampling design including clustering.Results. After controlling for sociodemographic factors the risk of having a high total CIS-R score ([ges ]12) was approximately doubled for both types of poor social functioning. Specific types of neurotic symptoms were associated both with a small primary group and with inadequate perceived social support. Depression, depressive ideas and panic symptoms had a higher prevalence in multivariate models. Poverty was associated with low support.Conclusions. Associations with deficiencies in social support and self-reported neurotic symptoms are better explained by symptom type and in particular by depression than by the total number of symptoms. If confirmed by longitudinal study findings this knowledge could be used to inform the development of interventions to improve social support in order to reduce specific neurotic symptom types.
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Kendler, K. S., J. L. Silberg, M. C. Neale, R. C. Kessler, A. C. Heath et L. J. Eaves. « Genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of menstrual, premenstrual and neurotic symptoms : a population-based twin study ». Psychological Medicine 22, no 1 (février 1992) : 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700032761.
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SYNOPSISSymptoms during the premenstrual and menstrual phases of the female reproductive cycle were assessed in 827 pairs of female same-sex twins from a population-based registry. By conventional factor analysis, premenstrual and menstrual symptoms were relatively independent of one another and of baseline ‘neurotic’ symptoms (i.e. anxiety, depression and somatization). Familial resemblance for menstrual and premenstrual symptoms was due solely to genetic factors with heritability estimates of 39·2% and 35·1%, respectively. Multivariate genetic analysis revealed distinct genetic and environmental factors for menstrual, premenstrual and neurotic symptoms. The genes and individual-specific experiences that predispose to premenstrual symptoms appear to be largely distinct from those which predispose either to menstrual or to neurotic symptoms. The generalizability of these results may be limited because only a modest number of premenstrual and menstrual symptoms were assessed, all by retrospective self-report.
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Fatima Akram et Mahwesh Arooj Naz. « Ego defense mechanisms, medication adherence and self-management of the patients with type 2 diabetes ». Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 71, no 2 (15 janvier 2020) : 624–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.706.
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Objective: To explore relationship involving Ego Defence Mechanism, Medication Adherence and Self-Management of patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: The cross-sectional co-relational study was conducted at the Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan, from November 2017 to November 2018, and comprised diabetics aged 25-55 years. Other than demographic information, data was collected using the Urdu versions of the Defense Style Questionnaire, the Medication Adherence Scale, and the Diabetic Self-management Questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 150 patients, 75(50%) each were females and males. Mature defence mechanisms, like sublimation, suppression and humour, were significant predictors of self-management (p<0.001), and mature defence mechanism, like sublimation, was a significant predictor of medication adherence (p<0.05). Females were high on neurotic defence mechanism, like pseudo-altruism, compared to the males (p=0.001). Conclusion: Medication adherence and self-management were found to be dependent on mature defence mechanisms. Key Words: Ego defence mechanisms, Medication adherence, Self-management, Immature defences, Mature defences, Neurotic defences. Continuous...
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Eagles, John M., et David A. Alexander. « Which Neurotic Patients Do Psychiatrists Treat ? » British Journal of Psychiatry 152, no 2 (février 1988) : 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.152.2.222.
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Of 336 newly referred neurotic patients, 80 were not offered continuing psychiatric treatment. The factors associated with patients' not being offered continuing treatment were: short duration of illness; history of alcohol abuse and/or deliberate self-harm; age over 50 years; being widowed; and living more than 20 miles from the main hospital complex. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Latalova, K., J. Prasko, D. Kamaradova, M. Ociskova, A. Grambal, D. Mainerova, D. Jelenova, K. Vrbova, R. Kubinek et Z. Sigmundova. « Suicidality and Self-stigma in Neurotic Spectrum Disorder – Cross Sectional Study ». European Psychiatry 30 (mars 2015) : 1792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)31379-1.
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Tyrer, Peter, Nicholas Seivewright, Brian Ferguson, Siobhan Murphy et A. L. Johnson. « The Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder ». British Journal of Psychiatry 162, no 2 (février 1993) : 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.162.2.219.
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Repeated assessments of psychopathology, together with personality status, were made over two years on 181 psychiatric out-patients with generalised anxiety disorder (59), panic disorder (66), or dysthymic disorder (56) diagnosed using an interview schedule for DSM–III. Patients were randomly allocated to drug treatment, cognitive and behaviour therapy, or a self-help treatment programme. Although there were no overall differences in compliance rate and efficacy between the three modes of treatment, the psychological treatment methods, particularly self-help, were more effective in patients without personality disorder, and those with personality disorder responded better to drug treatment, primarily antidepressants. The findings suggest that assessment of personality status could be a valuable aid to selection of treatment in neurotic disorders and that self-help approaches are particularly valuable once personality disorder has been excluded.
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Kaźmierczak, Izabela, Irena Jelonkiewicz-Sterianos, Iwona Nowakowska, Joanna Rajchert, Anna Zajenkowska, Adrianna Jakubowska et Marta Bodecka-Zych. « Does pandemic denial help or harm ? Belief in and experience of COVID-19 as factors affecting psychological consequences of using neurotic defence mechanisms ». Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna 22, no 3 (30 décembre 2022) : 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0020.
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Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic may activate thoughts of death, leading to aversive psychological states. In such situations, defence mechanisms emerge; however, their adaptability depends on many factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between neurotic defence style and depressive symptoms. We assumed that the sense of coherence underlies this correlation and investigated how both believing (or not) in COVID-19 and having (or not) experience of this disease differentiate this mechanism. Methods: This cross-sectional study (N = 720) was conducted through an online panel. Results: For COVID-19 believers who had no experience of the disease, the higher their neurotic defence style, the lower their sense of coherence, which was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. The same pattern was found for non-believers who have experienced COVID-19. In the group of individuals who believed and experienced COVID-19, the relationship between neurotic defence style and sense of coherence was non-significant. In turn, respondents who neither believed in nor have experienced COVID-19 displayed a positive relationship between neurotic defence style and sense of coherence. Discussion: Although self-deception strategies might be adaptive, they contribute to increased distress, if continued to be used once an individual confronts reality.
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Ilchenko, E. G., T. A. Karavaeva et Iu A. Iakovleva. « Dynamics of clinical and psychological indicators of patients with anxiety neurotic disorders in the treatment of short-term individual analytical-catarrhal psychotherapy ». V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY, no 4 (24 février 2019) : 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2018-4-100-107.
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Modern development of psychotherapy involves conceptual integration of methods that allows to increase efciency and provide quality personalized treatment for patients with neurotic disorders, taking into account specifc impact targets. Te article describes the application of short-term individual analyticalcathartic therapy, combining various techniques of dynamic approach. Clinical and individual psychological characteristics of patients with disturbing neurotic disorders in the dynamics reflecting the result of the applied therapy were studied. Positive changes in the severity of symptoms, the intensity of psychological defenses, the range of constructive coping mechanisms used, self-esteem and interpersonal relationships are shown. Predictors of successful application of this model of psychotherapy are singled out.
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Wu, Shiyong, Kai Zhang, Shuyi Zhou et Wei Chen. « Personality and career decision-making self-efficacy of students from poor rural areas in China ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 48, no 5 (5 mai 2020) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8753.
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We examined the correlations between personality and career decision-making self-efficacy (CDMSE) of university students from poor rural areas in China from an educational equity perspective. The results showed that female (vs. male) students were more neurotic, senior (vs. younger) students were more agreeable, and social science students were more neurotic than those in other disciplines. The results also revealed that differences in the total CDMSE were nonsignificant, but there was a gender difference in accurate self-appraisal and a difference by year of study in gathering information. There was a positive correlation between conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, and extraversion, and CDMSE, and a negative correlation between neuroticism and CDMSE. The 5 personality traits, except for agreeableness, played a crucial role in predicting CDMSE. The results suggest that officials and staff of governments, universities, and industries should work together to develop proactive personality traits of students from poor rural areas in China, facilitate their CDMSE, and help them achieve their employment aspirations, thereby promoting educational equity.
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Shaw, G. K., S. K. Majumdar, S. Waller, J. MacGarvie et G. Dunn. « Tiapride in the Long-term Management of Alcoholics of Anxious or Depressive Temperament ». British Journal of Psychiatry 150, no 2 (février 1987) : 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.2.164.
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Thirty-two chemically dependent alcoholics with significant levels of anxiety or depression were admitted to a double-blind randomised study in which the effect of the substituted benzamide tiapride was compared with that of placebo over a 6-month period. Twenty patients completed the study. Assessments included relevant biochemical and haematological tests, drinking levels and associated behaviour, expressed satisfaction with various areas of life, the Crown-Crisp Experiential Index of neurotic symptoms and questionnaires on self-esteem and alcohol dependence. The results indicated that in comparison with the placebo group, patients treated with tiapride drank less and had longer periods of abstinence. This was associated with improvements in laboratory tests, reduction in neurotic symptoms, gains in self-esteem and increased levels of expressed satisfaction with life situation. The drug was well tolerated and no deleterious effects were noted, suggesting its potential usefulness for this patient group.
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Mokhova, V. I., et Yu V. Sarycheva. « Features of Attitudes towards Future Motherhood at a Young Age ». Reflexio 14, no 2 (14 septembre 2022) : 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2658-4506-2021-14-2-37-45.
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This article is devoted to the problem of attitude towards future motherhood at a young age, since the specificity of emotional-personal and value-sense characteristics may act as a predictor of the formation of negative attitudes towards procreation. As a result of the survey of 51 adolescent females, it was revealed that the students with formed reproductive orientation are characterized by a tendency to neurotic reactions to external circumstances. This group showed the most formed value orientations for the future with an understanding of the desired picture of life. But for the female students with identified reproductive passivity, the neurotic index does not exceed the normative corridor, and their value orientations are focused on inner self.
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Granberg, �ke, et Kerstin Armelius. « Change of self-image in patients with neurotic, borderline and psychotic disturbances ». Clinical Psychology & ; Psychotherapy 10, no 4 (2003) : 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpp.371.
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Weber, Sandra, William H. Gottdiener et Cordelia Chou. « Relationship between defense mechanisms and psychopathic traits in an Internet sample ». Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 85, no 3 (septembre 2021) : 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2021.85.3.271.
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The authors compared the defense mechanisms used by a community sample of people with and without self-reported psychopathic traits. Defense mechanisms were assessed using the Defense Style Questionnaire-60 and psychopathy was assessed using the Levinson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in a sample of 225 adults recruited on the Internet. Results found that people with self-reported psychopathy traits used significantly more immature and neurotic defense mechanisms than people without a psychopathic personality profile. All participants reported equal use of mature defenses.
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Bonaguidi, Franco, Claudio Michelassi, M. Giovanna Trivella, Clara Carpeggiani, Carlo A. Pruneti, Giancarlo Cesana et Antonio L'Abbate. « Cattell's 16 PF and PSY Inventory : Relationship between Personality Traits and Behavioral Responses in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction ». Psychological Reports 78, no 2 (avril 1996) : 691–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.78.2.691.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between personality and behavioral responses in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In a first step, a new instrument (PSY Inventory) for assessment of six behavioral characteristics (Sense of Responsibility, Energy and Competitiveness, Obsessive Behavior, Anger and Hostility, Stress-related Disturbances, Time Urgency) was developed by using factor analysis on intercorrelations of responses from 524 subjects of the general population. Internal consistency reliability for each of the PSY subscales was estimated by Cronbach alpha coefficients. In a second step, the PSY Inventory was administered with the Cattell 16 PF Questionnaire to 838 patients affected by acute myocardial infarction. Significant correlations although relatively low in magnitude for PSY Inventory subscales and certain scales of the Cattell 16 PF were found. With factor analysis on 22 variables (including the six PSY Inventory subscales and the 16 scales of the Cattell 16 PF), five second-order factors were identified, namely, Extraversion, Neurotic Anxiety, Superego Strength, Pathemia, and Neurotic Hostility. While a Pathemia Factor (characterized by sensitivity, imagination, and self-sufficiency) was factorially independent of scales of the PSY Inventory, Extraversion, Neurotic Anxiety, Superego Strength, and Neurotic Hostility Factors were composed of the PSY Inventory scales and Cattell 16 PF scales combined. These relationships would reflect the concordance of internal constructs for behavioral measures of the PSY Inventory and those of personality traits of the 16 PF Questionnaire in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
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Morozova, V. « PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PEOPLE WITH BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDERS ». Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no 2 (9) (2018) : 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2018.2(9).12.
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The article presents the results of an empirical study of the psychological features of people with signs of borderline personality disorder. The study involved 40 people with signs of borderline personality disorder aged 14-56 years. According to the purpose of the study, the following tasks have been set: To investigate personality with borderline disorder; Identify and evaluate the neurotic states of a person with a borderline personality disorder; Conduct correlation analysis to investigate trends in the relationship between the indicator of the number of signs of borderline disorder and personal characteristics. The following research methods were used: 5PFQ Big Five technique (R. McCray, P. Costa), Clinical questionnaire for the detection and evaluation of neurotic conditions (KK Yakhin, DM Mendelevich) and Methods for diagnosing borderline personality disorder (TY Lasovskaya, CP Korolenko, SV Yaechnikov). The data obtained were subjected to a mathematical and statistical analysis procedure using the SPSS Statistic program. It is proved that emotional lability (instability of emotions), impulsiveness and self-harming behavior are important diagnostic criteria of a borderline personality disorder. High level of manifestation of signs of borderline personality disorder is accompanied by such mental states of disadaptation as neurotic depression, asthenia, tension and anxiety.
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Chakraborty, Apu, Sally McManus, Terry S. Brugha, Paul Bebbington et Michael King. « Mental health of the non-heterosexual population of England ». British Journal of Psychiatry 198, no 2 (février 2011) : 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.082271.
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BackgroundThere has been little research into the prevalence of mental health problems in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people in the UK with most work conducted in the USA.AimsTo relate the prevalence of mental disorder, self-harm and suicide attempts to sexual orientation in England, and to test whether psychiatric problems were associated with discrimination on grounds of sexuality.MethodThe Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007 (n = 7403) was representative of the population living in private UK households. Standardised questions provided demographic information. Neurotic symptoms, common mental disorders, probable psychosis, suicidality, alcohol and drug dependence and service utilisation were assessed. In addition, detailed information was obtained about aspects of sexual identity and perceived discrimination on these grounds.ResultsSelf-reported identification as non-heterosexual (determined by both orientation and sexual partnership, separately) was associated with unhappiness, neurotic disorders overall, depressive episodes, generalised anxiety disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, phobic disorder, probable psychosis, suicidal thoughts and acts, self-harm and alcohol and drug dependence. Mental health-related general practitioner consultations and community care service use over the previous year were also elevated. In the non-heterosexual group, discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation predicted certain neurotic disorder outcomes, even after adjustment for potentially confounding demographic variables.ConclusionsThis study corroborates international findings that people of non-heterosexual orientation report elevated levels of mental health problems and service usage, and it lends further support to the suggestion that perceived discrimination may act as a social stressor in the genesis of mental health problems in this population.
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Güvendi, Burcu, et Ekrem Levent İlhan. « Effects of adapted physical activity applied on intellectual disability students toward level of emotional adjustment, self-managingand the socialization : Parent and teacher interactive research ». Journal of Human Sciences 14, no 4 (1 décembre 2017) : 3879. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i4.4812.
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The purpose of the research is to investigate the effects of adapted physical activity applied on intellectual disability students toward level of emotional adjustment, self-managing and the socialization. The study was designed as pretest-posttest experimental model. Intellectual disab 12 students from 5th and 6th grade who continue their education at the public school in Esenyurt district of İstanbul in 2015-2016 academic year spring semester. Adapted physical activity program was applied the students for 2 days 1 hour per week for 12 week. Hacettepe Emotional Adjustment Scale, Self-Managing and Socialization which of subheading AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scala were used to collect data. Pretest-posttest descriptive analysis was and Wilcoxon Test was used in dependent comparisons. The results showed that decline in students’ pretest-posttest mean scores of neurotic problems and behavior problems was seen according to mothers and the school counselor of the students. An increase was observed in pretest-posttest mean scores of self-managing and socialization on behalf of the posttest. According to data from mother and school counselor, significant differences were determined between pretest-posttest on behalf of the posttest in neurotic and behavior problems which of subheading Emotional Adjustment Scale, self-managing and socialization which of subheading AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scala. Adapted physical activity applied on intellectual disability students affected positively level of emotional adjustment; self-managing and the socialization were seen. Additionally students’ socialization scores increased and emotional adjustment problems decreased were observed.
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Malygin, V. L., D. B. Tsygankov et Ya V. Malygin. « Premorbid self-medication and its factors in patients with depressive and neurotic disorders ». Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova 119, no 5 (2019) : 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/jnevro201911905159.
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Peveler, Robert C., et Christopher G. Fairburn. « Measurement of neurotic symptoms by self-report questionnaire : validity of the SCL-90R ». Psychological Medicine 20, no 4 (novembre 1990) : 873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700036576.
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SynopsisThe Symptom Check List (SCL-90R) is a self-report questionnaire which is designed to be suitable for use as a psychiatric case-finding instrument, as a measure of symptom severity, and as a descriptive measure of psychopathology. Scores obtained using the instrument were compared with those obtained from the investigator-based interview, the Present State Examination, in two samples of patients: a sample of patients with chronic physical disease (diabetes mellitus) and a sample of patients with bulimia nervosa. There was good agreement between the two methods of measurement in both samples, suggesting that the SCL-90R performs well in the assessment of neurotic symptoms.
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Styla, R. « Self-concept clarity and symptoms of neurosis fluctuations during the psychotherapeutic process and the effectiveness of psychotherapy ». European Psychiatry 26, S2 (mars 2011) : 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73035-8.
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IntroductionThe process-outcome studies present ambiguous results concerning the fluctuations of psychopathological symptoms during psychotherapy. We also know that self-concept clarity is connected with the level of psychological functioning (Campbell et al, 1996), but no research is available exploring the dynamics of this variable in psychotherapy.AimsThe study was designed to find if the intensity of fluctuation of the self-concept clarity and symptoms of neurosis during psychotherapy was connected with positive outcome.MethodsAll participants were in a program of 8–12 week intensive eclectic group psychotherapy. 85 patients with a diagnosis of neurosis and/or personality disorders filled in questionnaires measuring the self-concept clarity and symptoms of neurosis every 2 weeks. Additionally the features of neurotic personality were measured. The root mean square error (RMSE) of log-linear regression for each participant is the indicator of fluctuations.ResultsThere is a positive correlation between the fluctuation of the self-concept clarity during psychotherapy and the symptom reduction at the end of the therapy for all patients (r = 0,24). Among the subgroup of patients with high initial self-concept clarity and high intensity of neurotic personality features this correlation was notably high (r = 0,53). No statistically significant correlations were found concerning the fluctuation of neurosis symptoms.ConclusionsFluctuations of the self-concept clarity during psychotherapy are thought to be beneficial for patients with neurosis and personality disorders - particularly for those integrated around their disturbed personality. This observation is discussed in the perspective of the integrated dynamic systems model of change in psychotherapy (Hayes, Strauss, 1998).
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Wilson, Kathryn E., Bhibha M. Das, Ellen M. Evans et Rodney K. Dishman. « Structural Equation Modeling Supports a Moderating Role of Personality in the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mental Health in College Women ». Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, no 1 (janvier 2016) : 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2014-0455.
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Background:A positive association between physical activity and mental health is well established, particularly for lower symptoms of depression and anxiety among active adults. However, it is unclear whether the association is influenced by personality, which might moderate or otherwise explain the association. In addition, past studies have not confirmed the association using an objective measure of physical activity.Objective:Our objective was to examine whether Extraversion and Neuroticism influence the association between mental health and physical activity measured by convergent self-reports and an accelerometer.Methods:Structural equation modeling was used to test competing models of the relationships between personality, physical activity, and mental health in a sample of female undergraduates.Results:In bivariate analysis, mental health was negatively related to Neuroticism and positively related to Extraversion, self-reported physical activity (which was related only to Extraversion, positively), and objective physical activity (which was related only to Neuroticism, negatively). In structural equation modeling, a 3-way interaction indicated that objective physical activity and mental health were unrelated in extraverts, but related positively in neurotic-introverts and negatively in stable-introverts.Conclusions:Higher levels of physical activity were associated with better mental health only in neurotic-introverts, who are at higher risk for mental health problems.
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Mirkovic, Momcilo, et Snezana Simic. « Predictors of self-rated health of citizens on the territory of endangered political security ». Medical review 64, no 3-4 (2011) : 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1104168m.
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Introduction. Self-rated health is generally accepted by researchers as a valid measure of health status. The aims of the study were to investi?gate how the adult inhabitants of northern Kosovska Mitrovica described their health and which variables were the predictors of self-rated health status among that population. Method. The research was done as a cross-sectional study on the representative sample of 318 adult inhabitants of northern Kosovska Mitrovica in 2006. The instrument of research was a questionnaire containing questions about self-rated health and demographic and socio-economic characteristics, mental health, social interaction, possibilities of performing everyday activities, health behaviour and habits, diseases and injuries, utilization of health care service. The independent variables were defined through the factor analysis taken from these groups of questions. The multivariate stepwise linear regression was done to determine the correlation between self-rated health and independent variables. Results. More than half of the respondents (54.7%) assessed their health as good or very good. The predictors of self-rated health were gender, mood problems, myocardial infarction, chronic bronchitis, psychic and neurotic disorders, rheumatic arthritis, high blood sugar, utilization of private gynaecologist service and paying for diagnostic service. Conclusion. Most of the respondents from northern Kosovska Mitrovica assessed their own health as good or very good. Bad and very bad health was significantly associated with females, problems with mood, myocardial infarction, chronic bronchitis, psychic or neurotic disorders, rheumatoid arthritis and high blood sugar. Good and very good health was significantly associated with utilization of private gynaecologist service and paying for diagnostic service.
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Nguyen, Angela-Maithy, Brian J. Malig et Rupa Basu. « The association between ozone and fine particles and mental health-related emergency department visits in California, 2005–2013 ». PLOS ONE 16, no 4 (2 avril 2021) : e0249675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249675.
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Recent studies suggest that air pollutant exposure may increase the incidence of mental health conditions, however research is limited. We examined the association between ozone (O3) and fine particles (PM2.5) and emergency department (ED) visits related to mental health outcomes, including psychosis, neurosis, neurotic/stress, substance use, mood/affective, depression, bipolar, schizotypal/delusional, schizophrenia, self-harm/suicide, and homicide/inflicted injury, from 2005 through 2013 in California. Air monitoring data were provided by the U.S. EPA’s Air Quality System Data Mart and ED data were provided by the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development. We used the time-series method with a quasi-Poisson regression, controlling for apparent temperature, day of the week, holidays, and seasonal/long-term trends. Per 10 parts per billion increase, we observed significant cumulative 7-day associations between O3 and all mental health [0.64%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.21, 1.07], depression [1.87%, 95% CI: 0.62, 3.15], self-harm/suicide [1.43%, 95% CI: 0.35, 2.51], and bipolar [2.83%, 95% CI: 1.53, 4.15]. We observed 30-day lag associations between O3 and neurotic disorder [1.22%, 95% CI: 0.48, 1.97] and homicide/inflicted injury [2.01%, 95% CI: 1.00, 3.02]. Same-day mean PM2.5 was associated with a 0.42% [95% CI: 0.14, 0.70] increase in all mental health, 1.15% [95% CI: 0.62, 1.69] increase in homicide/inflicted injury, and a 0.57% [95% CI: 0.22, 0.92] increase in neurotic disorders per 10 μg/m3 increase. Other outcomes not listed here were not statistically significant for O3 or PM2.5. Risk varied by age group and was generally greater for females, Asians, and Hispanics. We also observed seasonal variation for outcomes including but not limited to depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, self-harm/suicide, and homicide/inflicted injury. Ambient O3 or PM2.5 may increase the risk of mental health illness, though underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Findings warrant further investigation to better understand the impacts of air pollutant exposure among vulnerable groups.
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Радионова, M. S. « Fairy tale group in the children's psycho-neurological sanatorium ». Клиническая и специальная психология 5, no 1 (2016) : 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2016050109.
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The article is devoted to conducting a psychotherapy group performing a combined fairy-tale plot. The participants were primary schoolers with neurotic symptoms and developmental delay, they were patients of a psycho-neurological sanatorium (Moscow). The group was working through rehearsing in a fairy tale puppet theatre. General theoretical and methodical basis of fairy-tale performing as a psychotherapy approach is described. Three levels of the psychotherapeutic work are developed: 1) working with a group as a whole with common problems of participants, 2) working on problems of a child as an individual and 3) working on a fairy tale individually. The assessment of the therapeutic approach effectiveness is discussed in the context of children’s being at the institution. As the result of the psychotherapy the children’s proneness to conflict, anxiety, neuroticism, neurotic symptoms were observed to have decreased and their self-esteem appeared to have become more realistic.
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Lozano Campos, Luz Aída. « Cosmic Narcissism : Self-Image and the Contemplation of Nature in Gaston Bachelard’s Thought ». Caietele Echinox 41 (1 décembre 2021) : 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/cechinox.2021.41.03.
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"The mythical image of Narcissus has served to explore, both in art and in psychoanalysis, topics such as reflection, selfishness, contemplation and autoeroticism. Gaston Bachelard had a thorough reading of this mythological being, which we propose to reflect upon with a view to exploring the question of “self-image”. Our objective will be to clarify the notion of “cosmic narcissism” that Bachelard suggests, to analyze the “self” that emerges in the aesthetic experience. Through the image of Narcissus, Bachelard highlights the active role of Nature in shaping the artist’s self-image. He proposes a “cosmic narcissism” as an “idealizing” path of the self, which we will contrast with the “neurotic narcissism” suggested by Freud."
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Smith, Martin M., Simon B. Sherry, Vanja Vidovic, Donald H. Saklofske, Joachim Stoeber et Aryn Benoit. « Perfectionism and the Five-Factor Model of Personality : A Meta-Analytic Review ». Personality and Social Psychology Review 23, no 4 (6 janvier 2019) : 367–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088868318814973.
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Over 25 years of research suggests an important link between perfectionism and personality traits included in the five-factor model (FFM). However, inconsistent findings, underpowered studies, and a plethora of perfectionism scales have obscured understanding of how perfectionism fits within the FFM. We addressed these limitations by conducting the first meta-analytic review of the relationships between perfectionism dimensions and FFM traits ( k = 77, N = 24,789). Meta-analysis with random effects revealed perfectionistic concerns (socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, and discrepancy) were characterized by neuroticism ([Formula: see text] = .50), low agreeableness ([Formula: see text] = −.26), and low extraversion ([Formula: see text] = −.24); perfectionistic strivings (self-oriented perfectionism, personal standards, and high standards) were characterized by conscientiousness ([Formula: see text] = .44). Additionally, several perfectionism–FFM relationships were moderated by gender, age, and the perfectionism subscale used. Findings complement theory suggesting that perfectionism has neurotic and non-neurotic dimensions. Results also underscore that the (mal)adaptiveness of perfectionistic strivings hinges on instrumentation.
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Soroko, Emilia. « Internal relationship patterns in borderline and neurotic personality organization : An analysis of self-narratives ». Polish Journal of Applied Psychology 12, no 3 (1 septembre 2014) : 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjap-2015-0012.
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Abstract The main goals of this study are 1) to explore whether internal relationship patterns are related to personality organization, and 2) to recognize the role that selected relationship patterns play in diagnosing personality organization levels. Internal relationship patterns were assessed according to the core conflictual relationship theme (CCRT) - about wishes (WS), responses from others (RO), and responses of the self (RS) - as identified from participants’ self-narratives about important relationships. Significant differences in the frequencies of patterns were found among participants with borderline personality organization (BPO), neurotic personality organization (NPO), and integrated personality (IPO). For example, the majority of negative RS responses were detected in the BPO sample. The study supports the thesis that relationship patterns might be related to personality organization, and that object representation complexity may be a good predictor of integrated personality organization.
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Sabri, Farhana, Nur Afidah Abdullah et Mohd Khairul Anuar. « Defense Mechanisms and Self-Control in Recovering Substance Abuse Clients ». ‘Abqari Journal 21, no 1 (30 décembre 2019) : 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/abqari.vol21no1.222.
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The appraisal of defense mechanisms and self-control in recovery substance abuse clients in Malaysia is vital as it provides self-support for maintaining recovery. This study aims to investigate types of defense mechanisms in recovering substance abuse clients and its relation to self-control level. The study was carried out on 138 respondents. The respondents were randomly selected among recovering substance abuse clients in a rehabilitation centre. The data indicated that neurotic defence mechanisms (M=14.29, SD=3.93) are the most prominent among the respondents. Meanwhile, the respondents’ self-control scored at average level (M=47.03, SD = 8.76). There was a positive correlation between immaturity defense style and self-control (r = 0.36, p = 0.0). This study concludes that with continued treatment and support, they can remain in recovery and sober.
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Анна Вовк. « ОСОБЛИВОСТІ Я-КОНЦЕПЦІЇ У ОСІБ З РІЗНИМИ РІВНЯМИ АКТУАЛЬНОЇ ТА ОСОБИСТІСНОЇ ТРИВОЖНОСТІ ». International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science, no 1(22) (31 janvier 2020) : 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ijitss/31012020/6874.
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The article is devoted to the vital topic of mutual influence of state and trait anxiety and peculiarities of I-conception: self-attitude, self-monitoring and self-presentation.Persons with high level of state anxiety also have higher level of self-monitoring, self-confidence, self-management and intrinsic value. Persons with high level of trait anxiety have higher level of self-handicapping, ingratiation, supplication and self-attachment. State anxiety has positive correlation with self-confidence and intrinsic value. Trait anxiety has positive correlation with self-confidence, self- attachment and internal conflict. State anxiety is connected directly with positive characteristics of I-conception and trait anxiety has ambivalent connections with I-conception characteristics.Factor model shows connection between trait anxiety, internal conflict, self- handicapping and self-blaming and between state anxiety and self-confidence and makes clear adaptive role of medium state anxiety and neurotic character of trait anxiety.
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Peltzer, Karl, Varghese I. Cherian et Lily Cherian. « Minor Psychiatric Morbidity in South African Secondary School Pupils ». Psychological Reports 85, no 2 (octobre 1999) : 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.2.397.
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This study investigated minor psychiatric morbidity (“neurotic”: anxiety and depression symptoms) in rural (Black) South African secondary school pupils. The sample included 622 Grade 11 pupils (254 boys and 368 girls) in the age range of 17 to 24 years with a mean age of 19.3 yr. The inventories used were a questionnaire on the socioeconomic and family background, a Cultural Orientation Scale, a Student Stress Scale, a General Self-efficacy Scale, a Perceived Stress Scale, and the Self-reporting Questionnaire-20. The findings are that 12.6% of the pupils had a possible clinically significant psychological disorder. Contributing factors identified were interpersonal, study, finance, illness, perceived stress, low self-efficacy, and low religious orientation.
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Dessoki, H., M. El Batrawy, M. Shaheen et N. Sabry. « Domestic violence in a sample of Egyptian female psychiatric patients(pilot study) ». European Psychiatry 26, S2 (mars 2011) : 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73361-2.
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Domestic violence is one of the most pervasive of all social problems, Domestic violence for women is violence perpetrated within relationships; this violence is much serious than violence perpetrated by a stranger.The hypothesis of this work is that domestic violence is a general health problem and not present particularly in psychiatric patients, the study aims at studying domestic violence in married female psychiatric patients. Sixty Egyptian married females were included, 20 of them had the I.C.D.-10 diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder, 20 neurotic disorders and 20 control group. All groups were clinically and psychometrically assessed using clinical psychiatric sheet of Kasr El-Aini hospital. Those who reported history of domestic violence were subjected to: Zung self rating depression scale, locus of control, Esyenck Personality Questionnaire (E.P.Q) and a specially designed questionnaire to assess intimacy/abuse, and wives’ perception of husbands characters.The results reveal no statistically significant difference between the 3 groups concerning the domestic violence or the degree of abuse. A significant relation was found between domestic violence and history of child abuse. Battered women of patient group were more depressed than control group with no statistical significance, while neurotic patients were significantly more depressed (87%) than bipolar patients (50%) and control group (57.1%)((p < 0.05). Significant higher scores were found in neurotic patients on EPQ neuroticism scale.ConclusionDomestic violence occurring in female psychiatric patients is not higher than normal. In addition, despite abuse, Egyptian wives tend to see their husbands positively.
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Kernberg, Otto F. « Therapeutic Implications of Transference Structures in Various Personality Pathologies ». Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 67, no 6 (décembre 2019) : 951–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003065119898190.
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Definitions of specific organizations of transference developments are proposed for neurotic, borderline, narcissistic, schizoid, symbiotic, and psychotic character structures. These distinct organizations of transference developments correspond to the underlying characteristics of internalized object relations stemming from the conflictual implications of split-off, idealized, and persecutory self- and object representations. The transference structures described have implications for the corresponding application of psychoanalytic technique. Clinical cases illustrate the relationship between personality structure, transference organization, and psychoanalytic techniques.
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Linden, M. « Disorders of Functioning in Neurotic Disorders ». European Psychiatry 24, S1 (janvier 2009) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70444-4.
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Background:The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, ICF, discriminates between functions, activities/capacities, context factors and participation. There is only limited information on disorders of capacity in neurotic disorders.Method:213 inpatients of a department of behavioral and psychosomatic medicine (70% women, median age 45 years) were rated with the “Mini-ICF-Rating for Pychological Disorders, Mini-ICF-P”. This instrument assesses thirteen dimensions of capacity, derived fom the ICF, which can be impaired by mental disorders. Rating varies between 0 (no problem) to 4 (can not fullfill respective requirements at all).61% of patients suffered from disorders from section F4 (neurotic, adjustment and somatoform disorders) of the ICD-10 (WHO, 1991), 29% from F3 (affective disorders) and 10% from F6 (personality disorders).Results:41% were on sick leave before admission. The average global score of the Mini-ICF-P was 0,84 (SD = 0,56), corresponding to “mild disability”. Highest disability was found for “flexibility” (M = 1,64, SD = 0,94), and lowest for “self maintenance” (M = 0,19, SD = 0,44) and “mobility” (M = 0,43, SD = 0,85). The Mini-ICF-P-score and profile was correlated with rate and duration of sick leave, but also type of disorder (e.g. depression vs. phobias), and course of treatment.Conclusion:Comparatively minor disorders of capacity are associated with high rates of sick leave, i.e. disorders of participation. Not only restoration of functons but also of capacities should be targets of treatment.
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Silva Ribeiro, J., S. Morais, P. Oliveira, E. Mendes, A. Botelho, H. Godinho, L. Vale et al. « Relationship Between Self-reported and Clinician-rated Psychopathology in Youth Psychiatric Outpatients ». European Psychiatry 41, S1 (avril 2017) : S266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.083.
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IntroductionPsychopathology rating scales have been widely used. Studies evaluating the congruence between self and observer-reported ratings show inconsistent results.Objectives or aimsDetermine whether there was consistency between psychopathology as assessed by patients and clinicians’ assessment in outpatients observed in the Young Adult Unit of our Psychiatry Department (Coimbra Hospital and University Centre-Portugal).MethodsSocio-demographic characterization was undertaken with young adult outpatients observed during nineteen months (1st January 2015–31st July 2016). Brief Symptom Inventory–53 items (BSI-53) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) were applied at the first clinical evaluation. Spearman correlation coefficient between General Severity Index (GSI) of BSI-53 and BPRS total score was calculated.ResultsDuring the mentioned interval 255 outpatients were observed: 64.3% females and 35.7% males; aged between 17 and 39 years old (average: 20.56; median: 20). Fifty percent were diagnosed with neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (ICD-10 F40-48) and 14.1% with mood disorders (ICD-10 F30-39). BPRS and BSI-53 rating scales were administered to 55 patients: 72.5% females and 27.5% males; average age 21.2. A statistical significant correlation was found between BPRS total and GSI score.ConclusionsSeveral factors can determine the accuracy of psychopathology self-assessment, including diagnosis and severity of illness. In fact, studies show strong correlation between self and observer assessment of depressive and anxious psychopathology, but no correlation in psychotic psychopathological dimensions. Therefore, the correlation found in this population can be explained by the fact that the majority of patients were diagnosed with neurotic, stress-related and somatoform and mood disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Banasik-Jemielniak, Natalia, Piotr Kałowski, Büşra Akkaya, Aleksandra Siemieniuk, Yasemin Abayhan, Duygu Kandemirci-Bayız, Ewa Dryll et al. « Sarcasm use in Turkish : The roles of personality, age, gender, and self-esteem ». PLOS ONE 17, no 11 (10 novembre 2022) : e0276073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276073.
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This study examined how self-reported sarcasm use is related to individual differences in non-Western adults. A sample of 329 Turkish speakers of high socioeconomic status completed an online survey including measures of self-reported sarcasm use, personality traits, positive and negative affect, self-presentation styles, self-esteem, as well as age and gender. Participants who reported being more likely to use sarcasm in social situations had scores indicating that they were less agreeable, less conscientious, and less emotional stable (i.e., more neurotic). Also, those who reported using sarcasm more often tended to be younger and had lower self-esteem. Self-reported sarcasm use was also positively related to both the self-promoting and the self-depreciating presentation styles. In addition to highlighting the complex relationship between individual differences and language production, these findings underscore the importance of expanding sarcasm research to include non-Western samples.
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ROZINA, Iryna. « Special features of designing a correction program for adolescents who have signs of psychosomatic disorders ». EUROPEAN HUMANITIES STUDIES : State and Society, no 3(II) (30 septembre 2020) : 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.38014/ehs-ss.2020.3-2.02.
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The relevance of the research is related to the need for studying the character of psychosomatic disorders in adolescence, which is insufficiently investigated and requires more in-depth research, in particular designing a comprehensive program that includes a system of training exercises to overcome psychosomatic disorders. The problem of studying psychosomatic relationships is one of the most difficult problems of modern psychology and medicine, despite the fact that the close connection between mental and somatic has been studied for several centuries. Mental trauma is a leading cause of neuroses formation and progress, its pathogenic significance is determined by the complex interaction with many other factors being a result of an individual’s life, formation of his body and personality, especially in adolescence. The subject of the research is to study special features of psychosomatic disorders, as well as to design a program for adolescents with signs of neurotic disorders. The subject matter of the research is the peculiarities of psychosomatic disorders manifestation and neurotic signs in adolescence. The article presents a theoretical analysis of modern approaches in psychology to the study of psychosomatic disorders peculiarities, their classification, considering the signs of neurotic disorders in adolescence. The work analyzes age characteristics of psychosomatic disorders in adolescence. Modern adolescents are exposed to various stressors, to the impact of audiovisual information, school overload, extra classes, exams, and a special problem that is a change in quality of life and prevalence of alcoholism, smoking, drug addiction, especially drug addiction among adolescents. The complex of these factors has negative consequences both on a psychological and physical level. Most authors who study the causes of psychosomatic illnesses recognize the important role of parents in the development of mentally and physically healthy children. Many studies highlight the role of early mother-child relationships in the formation of psychosomatic pathology. Various violations of this relationship usually lead to abnormalities in a child’s development. (M. Mahler, E. T. Eidemiller, Yustitskis, D. Winnicott, M. Klein). The results of an empirical study aimed at identifying signs of psychosomatic disorders are considered. The following methods were used: observation, questionnaires, and such methods as diagnosis of neurotic disorders in adolescence (DND), diagnosis of the level of school anxiety by Phillips, “Non-existent animal” by M.Z. Drukarevich. The peculiarities of designing and testing the correction program, which is aimed at reducing the signs of neurotic manifestations in adolescence, are revealed. Objectives of the correction program are: searching for interaction of adolescents with society, finding and testing skills of effective response to external stimuli; increasing the level of self-esteem; removal of emotional tension; reducing anxiety. The results confirm the possibility of reducing the signs of neurotic manifestations of adolescents and help to delay or completely stop a possible personality disorder.
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Zelenina, N. V., S. S. Nazarov, S. A. Rantseva, P. A. Vyipritskiy et V. V. Yusupov. « IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPLEX TREATMENT OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDERS IN MILITARY COMBATANTS VIA BIOLOGICAL FEEDBACK TRAININGS USING SYSTOLIC WAVE AMPLITUDES ». Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no 4 (26 décembre 2019) : 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2019-0-4-88-95.
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Relevance. Necessity for enhancement of therapeutic approaches to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using a modern high-tech biofeedback.Intention. Scientific foundation for using biofeedback training in complex therapy of PTSD in combatants.Methodology. Military men, 40 healthy and 36 PTSD, aged 33.2 and 34.8 years, respectively (p > 0.05) were examined. Neurology signs were estimated with “Neurotic disorders-questionnaire-symptomatic”, quality of life – with “Quality of life questionnaire-12”, PTSD signs – with “Mississippi scale”. Stress-testing and biofeedback training were carried out using “Reacor” biofeedback psychophysiological hardware.Results and Discussion. Inverse correlations were revealed between PTSD signs and systolic wave amplitudes (SWA) from digital photoplethysmogram during stress-testing with biofeedback psychophysiological hardware. Heart rate variability and breathing recursion used in foreign studies as biofeedback training parameters for this disorder treatment didn’t correlate with signs of post-traumatic stress disorder. The effectiveness of SWA biofeedback training for PTSD complex treatment in combatants was proved. Everyday trainings during 8–10 days statistically significantly reduced neurotic manifestations and improved self-rating of life quality regarding “mental health”.Conclusion. SWA is a prognostic marker within health – illness continuum and can be used as a sensitive physiological parameter in the biofeedback trainings for overcoming PTSD. Conscious involvement of combatants into a treatment process via inclusion of SWA biofeedback trainings in PTSD complex treatment improves the results and self-ratings of life quality.
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Soboļevs, A., K. Kozlova, E. Tērauds et L. Sīle. « Patient adherence to out-patient psychiatric care for neurotic and affective disorders (Should I stay, or should I go?) ». European Psychiatry 65, S1 (juin 2022) : S618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1584.
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Introduction Referral is not a necessity for a patient who wants to get psychiatrist consultation in Latvia. The good thing about it is the availability and the possibility to consult with highest educated mental health specialist for any person in society without barriers. On the other hand, there is an overwhelming work load for psychiatrists. Objectives To explore the prevalence of self-referred patients in out-patient care and the adherence to psychiatrist recommendations. Methods The medical documentation of all consecutive first-time out-patient center “Pardaugava” psychiatrist patients over the period of 01.01.2020. to 30.04.2020. with one year follow-up was analyzed. Results 236 patients were included in the study, 31.2% of them were men. The average age was 49 (SD ± 22.65) years. Patients with Affective (F3X) and Neurotic (F4X) disorders were self-referred more often compared to Organic mental (F0X) disorder or other spectrum patients (83.3% and 77.5% vs 33.3% or 56.0%, p<0.001). Median appointment count was 4, higher in F4X (6) and lower in F3X patients (2). Majority of F4X patients (61,6%) did not follow the recommendations or stopped seeing psychiatrist, while only 13,7% were persistent. Сonversely, 48,4% of F3X patients followed the recommendations and only 43,5% stopped. In comparison, other spectrum patients followed recommendations in 32.0% of cases and ignored - in 56.6%. Conclusions Patients were actively self-referring themselves to psychiatrist. Highest adherence to psychiatrist recommendations was found in patients with affective disorders compared to other spectrum patients. In contrast, adherence was the lowest in patients with neurotic disorders. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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VAN VOORHIS, PATRICIA. « Psychological Determinants of the Prison Experience ». Prison Journal 73, no 1 (mars 1993) : 72–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855593073001005.
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This article applies the technology of psychological classification to explore the effects of personality characteristics on prison adjustments and experiences. Bivariate and multivariate analysis assess the comparative effects of four personality types (committed criminal, neurotic, situational, and character disordered) on official disciplinary infractions, staff ratings of interpersonal behaviors, and self-reports of stress, aggressive behaviors, nonviolent infractions, and victimizations. The effects of other predictors, including age, race, marital status, employment status, prior prison time, prior prison revocations, and sentence length are also considered. Results indicate that inmates who were diagnosed as character disordered and those who had extensive prior prison experiences were more likely than others to have been cited for prison infractions. Young, White inmates and those who had never been revoked during prior sentences were more likely to report victimizing experiences. Inmates most likely to score high on the stress measure were White and neurotic anxious, whereas character-disordered inmates scored atypically low. Finally, older, White, situational inmates were viewed most favorably as staff rated the quality of their interpersonal relationships with other inmates.