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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Neural correlate »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 9 mars 2023
Mis à jour le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Neural correlate"

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Bodovitz, Steven. « The neural correlate of consciousness ». Journal of Theoretical Biology 254, no 3 (octobre 2008) : 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.04.019.

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Overgaard, Morten, Kristian Sandberg et Mads Jensen. « The neural correlate of consciousness ? » Journal of Theoretical Biology 254, no 3 (octobre 2008) : 713–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.06.025.

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Chen, Jing, et Karl Gegenfurtner. « A neural correlate of heterochromatic brightness ». Journal of Vision 19, no 10 (6 septembre 2019) : 250c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/19.10.250c.

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Walther, S., A. Federspiel, T. Bracht, H. Horn, N. Razavi, W. Strik et T. J. Müller. « Neural correlates of disturbed motor behavior in schizophrenia ». European Psychiatry 26, S2 (mars 2011) : 1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73231-x.

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IntroductionMotor behavior is altered in schizophrenia. Most patients have less physical activity than the general population. We have shown that actigraphic means of motor activity are influenced by negative syndrome scores, schizophrenia subtype and antipsychotic use.ObjectivesThe neural correlates of reduced motor activity in schizophrenia are widely unknown.AimsTo elucidate possible mechanisms, we correlated objective motor activity with measures of grey and white matter structure, as well as resting state perfusion.MethodsWe report the results of four studies from our lab. Schizophrenia patients and controls were scanned using a 3 T MRI scanner assessing resting perfusion (arterial spin labeling), structure and diffusion tensor imaging. In all participants, continuous actigraphy was performed for 24 hours in order to measure motor activity.ResultsResting perfusion in schizophrenia correlated with activity in bilateral prefrontal areas in patients, while in controls correlations were exclusively in the ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus. In both groups, white matter integritiy in various frontal regions and the corticospinal tract correlated with motor activity. The group difference, however, was the inverse correlation of integrity and activity underneath the right supplemental motor area in patients. Grey matter volume did not correlate with activity in controls, but it did correlate in the posterior cingulate in patients.ConclusionsInterindividual differences in brain structure and perfusion are associated with varying motor activity. Multiple imaging approaches point to altered cortical motor control in schizophrenia.
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Hulme, Oliver J., Karl F. Friston et Semir Zeki. « Neural Correlates of Stimulus Reportability ». Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, no 8 (août 2009) : 1602–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21119.

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Most experiments on the “neural correlates of consciousness” employ stimulus reportability as an operational definition of what is consciously perceived. The interpretation of such experiments therefore depends critically on understanding the neural basis of stimulus reportability. Using a high volume of fMRI data, we investigated the neural correlates of stimulus reportability using a partial report object detection paradigm. Subjects were presented with a random array of circularly arranged disc-stimuli and were cued, after variable delays (following stimulus offset), to report the presence or absence of a disc at the cued location, using variable motor actions. By uncoupling stimulus processing, decision, and motor response, we were able to use signal detection theory to deconstruct the neural basis of stimulus reportability. We show that retinotopically specific responses in the early visual cortex correlate with stimulus processing but not decision or report; a network of parietal/temporal regions correlates with decisions but not stimulus presence, whereas classical motor regions correlate with report. These findings provide a basic framework for understanding the neural basis of stimulus reportability without the theoretical burden of presupposing a relationship between reportability and consciousness.
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Roy, A., P. N. Steinmetz, S. S. Hsiao, K. O. Johnson et E. Niebur. « Synchrony : A Neural Correlate of Somatosensory Attention ». Journal of Neurophysiology 98, no 3 (septembre 2007) : 1645–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00522.2006.

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We investigated whether synchrony between neuronal spike trains is affected by the animal's attentional state. Cross-correlation functions between pairs of spike trains in the second somatosensory cortex (SII) of three macaque monkeys trained to switch attention between a visual task and a tactile task were computed. We previously showed that the majority of recorded neuron pairs (66%) in SII cortex fire synchronously while the animals performed either task and that in a subset of neuron pairs (17%), the degree of synchrony was affected by the animal's attentional state. Of the neuron pairs that showed changes in synchrony with attention, about 80% showed increased synchrony when the animal attended to the tactile stimulus. Here, we show that peak correlation typically occurred at a delay <25 ms; most commonly the delay was close to zero. Half-widths of the correlation peaks were distributed between a few milliseconds and hundreds of milliseconds, with the majority lying <100 ms and the mode of the distribution around 20–30 ms. Maximal change in synchrony occurred mainly during the periods when the stimulus was present, and synchrony usually increased when attention was on the tactile stimulus. If periods of elevated firing rates around the motor response times were removed from the analysis, the percentage of pairs that changed the degree of synchrony with attention more than doubled (from 35 to 72%). The observed effects did not depend on details of the statistical criteria or of the time window used in the analysis.
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Firzlaff, U. « A Neural Correlate of Stochastic Echo Imaging ». Journal of Neuroscience 26, no 3 (18 janvier 2006) : 785–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3478-05.2006.

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Fedorenko, Evelina, Terri L. Scott, Peter Brunner, William G. Coon, Brianna Pritchett, Gerwin Schalk et Nancy Kanwisher. « Neural correlate of the construction of sentence meaning ». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no 41 (26 septembre 2016) : E6256—E6262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612132113.

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The neural processes that underlie your ability to read and understand this sentence are unknown. Sentence comprehension occurs very rapidly, and can only be understood at a mechanistic level by discovering the precise sequence of underlying computational and neural events. However, we have no continuous and online neural measure of sentence processing with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here we report just such a measure: intracranial recordings from the surface of the human brain show that neural activity, indexed by γ-power, increases monotonically over the course of a sentence as people read it. This steady increase in activity is absent when people read and remember nonword-lists, despite the higher cognitive demand entailed, ruling out accounts in terms of generic attention, working memory, and cognitive load. Response increases are lower for sentence structure without meaning (“Jabberwocky” sentences) and word meaning without sentence structure (word-lists), showing that this effect is not explained by responses to syntax or word meaning alone. Instead, the full effect is found only for sentences, implicating compositional processes of sentence understanding, a striking and unique feature of human language not shared with animal communication systems. This work opens up new avenues for investigating the sequence of neural events that underlie the construction of linguistic meaning.
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Kusch, M., C. C. Schmidt, L. Göden, C. Tscherpel, J. Stahl, J. Saliger, H. Karbe, G. R. Fink et P. H. Weiss. « Recovery from apraxic deficits and its neural correlate ». Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience 36, no 6 (27 novembre 2018) : 669–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/rnn-180815.

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Schreiber, Kai M. « The Neural Correlate of Ignorance An fMRI Study ». Annals of Improbable Research 13, no 4 (1 juillet 2007) : 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3142/107951407782053489.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Neural correlate"

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Miyata, Jun. « Reduced white matter integrity as a neural correlate of social cognition deficits in schizophrenia ». Kyoto University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/135382.

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Sorella, Sara. « The psychological and neural mechanisms of anger and its regulation ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/328507.

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The ability to experience, use, and eventually control anger is crucial for maintaining well-being, achieving our goals, and building healthy relationships. Despite its relevance, the neural and psychological mechanisms behind this emotion are still in their early stages. Therefore, the present work represents an effort towards the investigation of these features of anger, where the ambition is to take a step forward to bridge the gaps between the research and clinical fields. Chapter 1 will expose an introduction on anger, while Chapter 2 will expose the evidence in literature on the neural bases of anger relying on a meta-analytic approach, where the neural bases of anger perception and anger experience will be investigated. Chapter 3 relies on a multivariate data-driven approach in order to study the neural networks of anger-related individual differences, identifying a structural network associated with trait anger and a functional network associated with anger control. Chapter 4 focuses on the neural bases of other anger-related individual differences, relying on functional connectivity analysis to investigate the frontal asymmetry hypothesis, finding an association of a left pattern of connectivity with anger externalization and a right pattern of connectivity with anger internalization. Finally, the following two chapters focused on the regulation of anger, in particular considering two different strategies, reappraisal versus suppression, and the related effect of a mindfulness course on the regulation of anger. The final chapter will summarize the evidence provided in this thesis in order to integrate the different results.
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BACCOLO, ELISA. « It’s written all over your face. The ontogeny of sensitivity to facial cues to trustworthiness ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/277385.

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Gli esseri umani sono ipersensibili a quelle proprietà facciali che trasmettono segnali sociali. La capacità di attribuire giudizi di affidabilità basati sui segnali del volto, vale a dire quei segnali che usiamo per dedurre se una persona può essere avvicinata in modo sicuro o piuttosto evitata, è nota per essere veloce, automatica e basata su pochissime informazioni. Questa tesi di dottorato mira a indagare: (1) se la sensibilità ai tratti di affidabilità del volto sia modulata da differenze individuali nelle attitudini sociali e comportamentali; (2) la traiettoria evolutiva di questa sensibilità; (3) se la sensibilità alle sottili variazioni degli indizi facciali all'affidabilità è un fenomeno universale o è piuttosto modulata dalla cultura e / o dall'etnia del viso. Il Capitolo 1 mira a indagare se differenze nella sensibilità percettiva e nella rappresentazione mentale di volti che variano per livello di affidabilità espressa sono associate a differenze individuali relative alla motivazione sociale. I risultati hanno mostrato che le differenze individuali nella motivazione sociale possono avere un impatto sulla quantità di esperienza sociale e quindi sul livello di sensibilità nei confronti di segnali facciali all'affidabilità. Il capitolo 2 si è concentrato sulla traiettoria evolutiva di tale sensibilità. Lo studio 2 mira a studiare in che modo la sensibilità percettiva e la rappresentazione mentale di differenze minime nell'informazione facciale che sottende la percezione di affidabilità si sviluppano nel tempo, tenendo conto delle differenze individuali nello sviluppo emotivo. I risultati hanno mostrato che la sensibilità ai segnali di affidabilità del volto e la capacità di impiegare questi segnali per generare giudizi di affidabilità è presente in età prescolare, ma matura per raggiungere livelli simili a quelli degli adulti all'età di 7 anni, sviluppandosi insieme alle capacità di comprensione delle emozioni. Gli studi 3 e 4 hanno utilizzato due diversi paradigmi EEG con neonati di 6 mesi per indagare se questa sensibilità sia già presente nel primo anno di vita. I dati combinati provenienti dagli studi 3 e 4 contribuiscono a dimostrare che i bambini di 6 mesi sono sensibili a quegli indizi facciali che vengono successivamente utilizzati per generare giudizi di affidabilità. Infine, il capitolo 3 presenta una convalida di stimoli che verranno utilizzati per esplorare la presenza di differenze cross-culturali nello sviluppo nella percezione dell'affidabilità del volto. Nel complesso, tutti gli studi presentati suggeriscono che la sensibilità ai tratti di affidabilità del volto si manifesta nei primissimi anni di vita, per poi affinarsi tramite l'esperienza nel corso dello sviluppo. Inoltre, suggeriscono che la percezione dell’affidabilità di un volto potrebbe essere cross-culturale, in quanto non è influenzata dall'esperienza che un individuo acquisisce con una determinata categoria di volti.
Human beings are hypersensitive to those facial properties that convey social signals. The ability to attribute trustworthiness judgements based on facial cues to trustworthiness, i.e. those cues that we use to derive whether a person can be safely approached or better avoided, is known to be fast, automatic and based on very little information. This doctoral dissertation aims at investigating: (1) whether sensitivity to facial cues to trustworthiness is modulated by individual variations in social personality characteristics; (2) the developmental trajectory of this sensitivity; (3) if sensitivity to subtle variations in facial cues to trustworthiness is a universal phenomenon or is it modulated by culture and/or face ethnicity. Chapter 1 aimed at investigating whether individual differences in fine-grained perceptual sensitivity and mental representation of facial features related to trustworthiness judgements are associated with individual differences in social motivation. Results showed that individual differences in social motivation can have an impact on the amount of social experience and thus the level of developed sensitivity to facial cues to trustworthiness. Chapter 2 focused on the developmental trajectory of such sensitivity. Study 2 aimed to investigate how perceptual sensitivity to and mental representation of fine-grained differences in facial information subtending social perception of trustworthiness develops in time, taking into account individual differences in emotional development. Results showed that sensitivity to facial cues to trustworthiness and the ability to employ these cues to generate trustworthiness judgements is present in preschool years, but matures to reach adult-like levels at the age of 7, developing together with emotion understanding abilities. Study 3 and 4 used two different EEG paradigms with 6-month-old infants to question whether this sensitivity is already present in the first year of life. Combined data coming from Study 3 and 4 contribute in showing that 6-month-old infants are sensitive to those facial cues that are later used to generate trustworthiness judgements. Finally, Chapter 3 presents a validation of stimuli that will be used to explore the presence of developmental cross-cultural differences in the perception of face trustworthiness. Overall, all presented studies suggest that sensitivity to facial cues to trustworthiness manifests in the very first years of life, to be then refined by experience over the course of development. Moreover, they suggest that trustworthiness perception could be cross-cultural, as it is not influenced by the experience an individual gains with a certain face category.
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Zaugg, Kelsey K. « Do Shape and Volume of Subcortical Neural Structures Involved in Reward Processing Correlate with Body Mass and Food Reward in Adolescent Females ? » BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9023.

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Background: The prevalence of adolescent obesity has increased drastically in the last few decades, spurring research examining causes and consequences of this chronic health condition. Neuroimaging techniques are being used to determine possible neural correlates of obesity that could help inform research in this field. However, the research among adolescents is not as abundant and findings so far are contradictory. This study sought to examine the association of the shape and volume of subcortical brain structures involved in reward processing with weight status in adolescent females. Additionally, this study sought to determine if the shape and volume of these structures were correlated with the Power of Food Scale (PFS), a self-report measure of food reward sensitivity. Method: The shape and volume of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and amygdala were examined in 89 adolescent females ranging from normal weight to obese. MR scans were acquired using a high-resolution T1-weighted (MPRAGE) sequence. Shape was estimated using Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Mapping. Seemingly unrelated regression models (SUM) were used for both brain structures with shape and volume as outcome variables and zBMI as the predictor variable. Pairwise correlation coefficients were determined for PFS score and both regions of interest (ROI). Results: SUM results revealed that zBMI was significantly associated with the shape of the left amygdala (β = -1.1, p<.021, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -2.02, -.16). When we controlled for age on the relationship between zBMI and left amygdala shape, we found the following partial correlation: r = -.24, p = .03. The PFS was found to have weak correlations with the volume and shape of the right NAc that approached significance (r = .20, p = .06; r = .19, p = .08, respectively). Conclusions: Our study suggests that there is an association between higher zBMI and aberrations in the shape of the left amygdala. We did not find associations between zBMI and the shape of our other reward-related ROIs, nor did we find any associations with zBMI and ROI volume. These findings suggest that variation in the shape of certain ROIs implicated in reward processing is associated with weight status in adolescents. Our findings also suggest that the shape and volume of the NAc could be a neural correlate of the PFS warranting further investigation. These findings may elucidate an important neural link between weight status and reward processing that could help to inform obesity research in adolescents.
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Ortiz, Gil Jordi. « The neural correlates of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia / Els correlats neurals del dèficit cognitiu en l’esquizofrènia ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/91283.

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Background: In recent years it has become recognized that schizophrenia is associated with cognitive impairment, which affects particularly executive function and memory. Although cognitive impairment implies brain damage or dysfunction, little is known about the relationship of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia to the structural and functional brain abnormalities that characterize the disorder. Aims and hypothesis: This study aimed to identify structural and/or functional brain abnormalities associated with cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. According to the literature reviewed, the general hypothesis is that the cognitive deficits of schizophrenic patients are reflected in both structural and functional brain changes. Accordingly, we expect that patients with cognitive impairment will have more GM reductions and more dysfunctional patterns of brain activity than patents without such deficits. Method. structural MRI and voxel-based morphometry was carried out in 26 cognitively impaired and 23 cognitively preserved schizophrenia patients, plus 39 matched controls. Nineteen cognitively impaired patients, 18 cognitively preserved patients and 34 controls also underwent fMRI during performance of a working memory task. Some subjects, partly corresponding to the ones participating in the neuroimaging study, were also administered a battery of tests of different cognitive functions. Altogether, 25 participants with schizophrenia and relatively preserved cognitive function, 29 with impaired functions and 22 healthy participants were included in this part of the study. Results: The participants with cognitive impairment in executive functioning and memory also perform worse on visuospatial and language tasks when compared to other patients intact in memory and executive function and controls. These differences are independent of estimated premorbid IQ. No differences were found between the cognitively intact and cognitively impaired groups in lateral ventricular volume or whole brain volume. Voxel-based morphometry also failed to reveal clusters of significant difference in either GM or WM volume between the two patient groups. However, during performance of the n-back task, the cases with schizophrenia and impaired cognitition showed hypoactivation compared to the cognitively intact patients in DLPFC among other brain regions. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that structural brain abnormality in schizophrenia is a function of having the disorder, not the cognitive impairment that accompanies it. In contrast, a substantial part of the task-related functional imaging abnormality appears to reflect cognitive impairment.
MARCO: Los déficits cognitivos son una característica conocida de la esquizofrenia. Sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre su relación con las anormalidades cerebrales tanto estructurales como funcionales que caracterizan dicha enfermedad. OBJETIVOS: Identificar las alteraciones estructurales y/o funcionales asociadas al déficit cognitivo en la esquizofrenia. MÉTODO: Se adquirió imágenes de resonancia magnética funcional (RMf) y morfometría basada en el vóxel (VBM) en 26 participantes que tenían alteraciones cognitivas y 23 que presentaban una cognición relativamente preservada, todos con esquizofrenia, así como en 39 controles apareados. Diecinueve de quienes presentaban déficits cognitivos y 18 de los preservados cognitivamente y 24 controles también ejecutaron una tarea n-back de memoria de trabajo durante la adquisición de imágenes de RMf. RESULTADOS: No se encontró diferencias entre los participantes con cognición preservada y quienes presentaban déficits cognitivos en el volumen de los ventrículos laterales ni tampoco en el volumen cerebral total. La VBM tampoco mostró clústers con diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en el volumen de sustancia blanca y gris. Sin embargo, durante la realización de la tarea n-back de memoria de trabajo, los participantes con alteración cognitiva presentaron hipoactivación en la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral, entre otras regiones, en relación a quienes mostraban una cognición preservada. CONCLUSIONES: No se encontró evidencia de que los déficits cognitivos de la esquizofrenia sean una función de anormalidades cerebrales estructurales que acompañan a la enfermedad sino que se asociarían con un funcionamiento cerebral alterado.
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Gisselgård, Jens. « Neural correlates of irrelevant speech / ». Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-857-6/.

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Ruiter, Michiel Benjamin de. « Neural correlates of nonclinical dissociation ». [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/79270.

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Bermudez, Patrick. « The neural correlates of absolute pitch ». Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21968.

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The unusual ability of absolute pitch (AP) affords us the opportunity to study a circumscribed behaviour which can be clearly operationalized and requires complex cognitive function in its execution. It serves as a model for a number of perceptual and mnemonic functions as well as developmental interactions between biological predispositions and specific training. This dissertation focuses mainly on the elucidation of its neural substrates. The work is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 reviews and criticises what is known about the developmental, behavioural, anatomical and functional characteristics of AP. Chapter 2 describes the design and implementation of a computerized test of absolute pitch and resulting data for 51 musicians, 27 of whom self-reported as AP possessors. The test revealed differences in accuracy and timing for C Ionian diatonic versus non-diatonic notes and a range of performance, from perfect to random, including a substantial number of intermediate proficiencies. Chapter 3 details a series of anatomical explorations which seek to improve our understanding of the structural correlates of AP. Cortical thickness measures and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) were applied to the same magnetic resonance imaging data set of 71 musicians (27 with absolute pitch) and 64 non-musicians. Cortical thickness was greater in musicians with peaks in the superior temporal gyri and the dorsolateral frontal cortices. VBM of grey-matter classified voxels yielded a strongly right-lateralized focus of greater grey matter concentration in musicians, centered on the posterolateral aspect of Heschl's gyrus. Contrasts of absolute pitch possessors and non-possessors showed significantly thinner cortex among possessors in a number of areas, including the posterior dorsal frontal and ventral premotor cortices. Chapter 4 describes a functional study which tests a hypothesis generated from a previous experiment about the implication of posterior dorsolateral
La capacité peu commune de l'oreille absolue (OA) nous offre l'opportunité d'étudier un comportement circonscrit qui peut être opérationnalisé et exige un traitement cognitif complexe pour son exécution. L'OA sert de modèle pour un certain nombre de fonctions perceptuelles et mnémoniques ainsi que pour des interactions entre une prédisposition biologique et une formation spécifique. Cette thèse se concentre principalement sur l'élucidation de ses substrats neuronaux. Le travail est divisé en cinq chapitres. Le premier revoit et critique la littérature pertinente aux caractéristiques développementales, comportementales, anatomiques, et fonctionnelles de l'OA. Le deuxième chapitre décrit la conception et la mise en œuvre d'un test informatisé de l'OA aboutissant en données comportementales pour 51 musiciens, dont 27 prétendaient avoir l'OA. Le test a révélé une meilleure précision et vitesse d'identification de notes diatoniques en Do majeur versus notes non-diatoniques et une gamme de performance, entre parfaite et au hasard, y compris un nombre important d'aptitudes intermédiaires. Le troisième chapitre présente une série d'explorations anatomiques qui visent à améliorer notre compréhension des corrélats structurels de l'OA. Des analyses de mesures d'épaisseur corticale et de morphométrie à base de voxel (VBM) ont été appliquées aux mêmes données d'imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) de 71 musiciens (27 avec l'OA) et 64 non-musiciens. L'épaisseur corticale était plus forte parmi les musiciens avec des focus au gyrus temporal supérieur et au cortex frontal dorsolatéral. Une analyse VBM de matière grise a produit une différence entre musiciens et non-musiciens centrée sur l'aspect postérolatéral du gyrus de Heschl dans l'hémisphère droit. Un contraste de possesseurs et non-possesseurs de l'OA a révélé plusieurs aires de cortex plus minces chez les possesseurs, notamment les aires postérieure
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Mayer, Katja Martina. « Neural correlates of dynamic object recognition ». Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1114.

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This thesis investigates how colourful dynamic objects are represented in the human brain. The two main theories of object recognition (structural description models and image-based models) make different predictions about which object features (e.g., shape, motion, and colour) are critical for recognition and how individual features can be selectively attended for further processing. To investigate the relevance of different features for object recognition two sets of novel 3D objects which had different combinations of shape, colour, and motion were created. Selective attention paradigms in which participants attended to single object features were used. The effects of changing unattended features on behavioural performance (Experiment 1 to 3) and large-scale brain responses (Experiments 4 and 5) were measured. The experiments in this thesis used psychophysical experiments combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In addition, the relevance of structural and functional connections between brain areas involved in object recognition was investigated. The results showed that the representations of shape and motion are closely linked while colour seemed to be processed more independently of other features. At the neural level, shape and motion activated a common network consisting of occipitotemporal, lateral-frontal, and parietal areas whereas colour activated ventral occipital areas. Further support for a common network involved in shape and motion processing was found in structural connections between these areas. For example, the integrity of white matter tracts connecting the occipito-temporal and the lateral frontal areas was correlated with behavioural performance. Although colour activated a distinct set of brain areas compared to shape and motion, activity in colour sensitive brain areas modulated the activity in shape sensitive areas which suggests integration processes of multiple object features. The results of this thesis suggest a synthesis of elements of both of the two main object recognition theories rather than favouring one of them.
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Bracci, Stefania. « Neural correlates of hand-tool interaction ». Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/4453/.

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Background: The recent advent of non-invasive functional magnetic resonance image (fMRI) has helped us understand how visual information is processed in the visual system, and the functional organising principles of high-order visual areas beyond striate cortex. In particular, evidence has been reported for a constellation of high-order visual areas that are highly specialised for the visual processing of different object domains such as faces, bodies, and tools. A number of accounts of the underlying principle of functional specialisation in high-order visual cortex propose that visual properties and object domain drive the category selectivity of these areas. However, recent evidence has challenged such accounts, showing that non-visual object properties and connectivity constraints between specialised brain networks can, in part, account for the visual system’s functional organisation. Methodology: Here I will use fMRI to examine how areas along the visual ventral stream and dorsal action stream process visually presented hands and tools. These categories are visually dissimilar but share similar functions. By using different statistical analyses, such as univariate group and single-subject region of interest (ROI) analyses, multivariate multivoxel pattern analyses, and functional connectivity analyses, I will investigate the topics of category-selectivity and the principles underlying the organisation of high-order visual areas in left occipitotemporal and left parietal cortex. Principle Findings: In the first part of this thesis I report novel evidence that, similar to socially relevant faces and bodies, the human high-order visual areas in left occipitotemporal and left parietal cortex houses areas that are selective for the visual processing of human hands. In the second part of this thesis, I show that the visual representation of hands and tools in these areas show large anatomical overlap and high similarity in the response patterns to these categories. As hands and tools differ in visual appearance and object domain yet share action-related properties, the results demonstrate that these category-selective responses in the visual system reflect responses to non-visual action-related object properties common to hands and tools rather than to purely visual properties or object domain. This proposition is further supported by evidence of selective functional connectivity patterns between hand/tool occipitotemporal and parietal areas. Conclusions/Significance: Overall these results indicate that high-order visual cortex is functionally organised to process both visual properties and non-visual object dimensions (e.g., action-related properties). I propose that this correspondence between hand and tool representations in ventral ‘visual’ and parietal ‘action’ areas is constrained by the necessity to connect visual object information to functionally-specific downstream networks (e.g., frontoparietal action network) to facilitate hand-tool action-related processing.
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Livres sur le sujet "Neural correlate"

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D, Westervelt James, Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (U.S.) et United States. Army. Corps of Engineers., dir. Using neural networks to correlate satellite imagery and ground- truth data. [Champaign, IL] : US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, 1994.

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Kraft, Eduard, Balázs Gulyás et Ernst Pöppel, dir. Neural Correlates of Thinking. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68044-4.

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Foundation, Parmenides, dir. Neural correlates of thinking. Berlin : Springer, 2009.

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Cohen, Yale E., Arthur N. Popper et Richard R. Fay, dir. Neural Correlates of Auditory Cognition. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2350-8.

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Czischek, Stefanie. Neural-Network Simulation of Strongly Correlated Quantum Systems. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52715-0.

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The correlative brain : Theory and experiment in neural interaction. Berlin : Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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Arndt, Sebastian. Neural Correlates of Quality During Perception of Audiovisual Stimuli. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0248-9.

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Antons, Jan-Niklas. Neural Correlates of Quality Perception for Complex Speech Signals. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15521-0.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, dir. Sleep and Anesthesia : Neural Correlates in Theory and Experiment. New York, NY : Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011.

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1947-, Osaka Naoyuki, Logie Robert H et D'Esposito Mark, dir. The cognitive neuroscience of working memory : Behavioural and neural correlates. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2007.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Neural correlate"

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Shao, S., K. Shen, E. P. V. Wilder-Smith, C. J. Ong et X. Li. « Heartbeat Evoked Potential : A Neural Correlate of Pain Perception ? » Dans IFMBE Proceedings, 1578–81. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14515-5_402.

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Martínez Priego, Consuelo. « What Is Understood by “Neural Correlate” in Mind-Brain Relations ». Dans Psychiatry and Neuroscience Update, 73–81. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95360-1_7.

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Massioui, Nicole Massioui, Gérard Dutrieux, Jean-Marc Edeline et Serge Laroche. « Changes in Hippocampal Multiunit Activity during Conditioning : A Neural Correlate of the Predictive Value Acquired by the CS ? » Dans Brain Plasticity, Learning, and Memory, 572. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5003-3_82.

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Eggermont, Jos J. « Neural Network Models ». Dans The Correlative Brain, 78–93. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51033-5_6.

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Kraft, Eduard, Balázs Gulyás et Ernst Pöppel. « Neural Correlates of Thinking ». Dans Neural Correlates of Thinking, 3–11. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68044-4_1.

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Gulyás, Balázs. « Functional Neuroimaging and the Logic of Conscious and Unconscious Mental Processes ». Dans Neural Correlates of Thinking, 141–73. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68044-4_10.

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Ilmberger, Josef. « Knowledge Systems of the Brain ». Dans Neural Correlates of Thinking, 175–86. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68044-4_11.

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Szelag, Elsbieta, Joanna Dreszer, Monika Lewandowska et Aneta Szymaszek. « Neural Representation of Time and Timing Processes ». Dans Neural Correlates of Thinking, 187–99. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68044-4_12.

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Goel, Vinod. « Fractionating the System of Deductive Reasoning ». Dans Neural Correlates of Thinking, 203–18. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68044-4_13.

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Christoff, Kalina. « Human Thought and the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex ». Dans Neural Correlates of Thinking, 219–52. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68044-4_14.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Neural correlate"

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Arya, Puneet, et Mandeep Singh. « Neural correlate of short term memory using EEG band power ». Dans 2015 1st International Conference on Next Generation Computing Technologies (NGCT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ngct.2015.7375169.

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Yang, Chenhui, Sijia Wang, Bing Cheng, Yuan Yuan et Jennie Si. « A neural correlate to learning decision and control using functional synaptic efficacy ». Dans 2012 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2012 - Brisbane). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2012.6252737.

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Reggiani, Giacomo, Marco Cocconcelli, Riccardo Rubini et Francesco Lolli. « Use of Neural Networks in Road Recognition by Vibration Data ». Dans ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-29083.

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This paper deals with road recognition by the use of neural networks on vibration signals. In particular, an accelerometer sensor is used and it acquires the vibrations transmitted in the contact between the tyres and the ground. Twelve different types of road have been tested at different speed of the car. Based on these data a neural network has been proposed to correlate a set of suitable characteristics of the vibration signal with the type of road. The effectiveness of the resulting neural network has been proved on a control set of data. Moreover the paper reports a sensitivity analysis of the neural network in order to minimize the number of inputs needed and to make it rugged.
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Bao, Yebo, Hui Jiang, Lirong Dai et Cong Liu. « Incoherent training of deep neural networks to de-correlate bottleneck features for speech recognition ». Dans ICASSP 2013 - 2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2013.6639015.

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Kalam, Shams, Sidqi A. Abu-Khamsin, Mohammad Rasheed Khan, Asiya Abbasi, Abdul Asad et Rizwan Ahmed Khan. « Data Driven Intelligent Modeling to Estimate Adsorption of Methane Gas in Shales ». Dans International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22101-ms.

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Abstract Artificial intelligence is a smart tool widely used in Petroleum engineering. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is an artificial intelligence technique that is a hybrid between Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and fuzzy logic. In this paper, both ANN and ANFIS were applied to propose a new methodology based on intelligent algorithms to predict adsorption of methane gas in shale. Feed-Forward Neural Network and subtractive clustering were applied to correlate adsorption with several parameters. These include temperature, pressure, moisture content, and total organic content (TOC). A real data set collected from the literature, which includes about 350 data points, was used in the development of a new empirical correlation. The set was divided into a 70:30 ratio for training and testing, respectively. The average absolute percentage error, correlation coefficient, and mean squared error were considered in the error metrics to obtain the best possible model. The results show that methane adsorption can be efficiently correlated with the inputs using both machine learning tools. Using ANN, the correlation coefficient for both testing and training data was more than 99%. A detailed sensitivity analysis for the ANN model is also provided in this paper.
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Fang, X., J. Tang et Huageng Luo. « Learning Rate Effect in Neural Network for Damage Detection ». Dans ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60238.

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Neural network is a powerful tool that can be utilized for structural damage detection and health monitoring. Since damage usually varies/reduces stiffness, frequency response variation can be used as indicator for damage occurrence. A well designed neural network can correlate frequency response variation to damage localization/severity without resorting to detailed structural modeling. While various neural network based approaches have been developed, their effectiveness, efficiency, and robustness oftentimes rely on the selection of several important parameters in the network construction. One of the key performance metrics for a neural network is the learning rate. Although the dynamic steepest descent algorithm (DSD) and fuzzy steepest descent algorithm (FSD) have shown promising possibility of improving the learning convergence speed significantly without increasing the computational effort, its performance still depends on the selection of control parameters and control strategy. In this paper, a tunable steepest descent algorithm (TSD) improving the performance of the dynamic steepest descent algorithm is proposed. A numerical benchmark example shows that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the convergence rates of the backpropagation algorithm. A structural health monitoring system incorporated with the neural network trained by the adaptive learning algorithm is developed for detecting the impact damage.
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Zhang, Jie, Souma Chowdhury, Achille Messac et Luciano Castillo. « A Hybrid Measure-Correlate-Predict Method for Wind Resource Assessment ». Dans ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91070.

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This paper develops a hybrid Measure-Correlate-Predict (MCP) strategy to predict the long term wind resource variations at a farm site. The hybrid MCP method uses the recorded data of multiple reference stations to estimate the long term wind condition at the target farm site. The weight of each reference station in the hybrid strategy is determined based on: (i) the distance and (ii) the elevation difference between the target farm site and each reference station. The applicability of the proposed hybrid strategy is investigated using four different MCP methods: (i) linear regression; (ii) variance ratio; (iii) Weibull scale; and (iv) Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). To implement this method, we use the hourly averaged wind data recorded at six stations in North Dakota between the year 2008 and 2010. The station Pillsbury is selected as the target farm site. The recorded data at the other five stations (Dazey, Galesbury, Hillsboro, Mayville and Prosper) is used as reference station data. Three sets of performance metrics are used to evaluate the hybrid MCP method. The first set of metrics analyze the statistical performance, including the mean wind speed, the wind speed variance, the root mean squared error, and the maximum absolute error. The second set of metrics evaluate the distribution of long term wind speed; to this end, the Weibull distribution and the Multivariate and Multimodal Wind Distribution (MMWD) models are adopted in this paper. The third set of metrics analyze the energy production capacity and the efficiency of the wind farm. The results illustrate that the many-to-one correlation in such a hybrid approach can provide more reliable prediction of the long term onsite wind variations, compared to one-to-one correlations.
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Zhang, Jie, Souma Chowdhury, Achille Messac et Bri-Mathias Hodge. « Assessing Long-Term Wind Conditions by Combining Different Measure-Correlate-Predict Algorithms ». Dans ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12695.

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This paper significantly advanced the hybrid measure-correlate-predict (MCP) methodology, enabling it to account for the variations of both wind speed and direction. The advanced hybrid MCP method used the recorded data of multiple reference stations to estimate the long-term wind condition at the target wind plant site with greater accuracy than possible with data from a single reference station. The wind data was divided into different sectors according to the wind direction, and the MCP strategy was implemented for each wind sector separately. The applicability of the proposed hybrid strategy was investigated using four different MCP methods: (i) linear regression; (ii) variance ratio; (iii) artificial neural networks; and (iv) support vector regression. To implement the advanced hybrid MCP methodology, we used the hourly averaged wind data recorded at six stations in North Dakota between the years 2008 and 2010. The station Pillsbury was selected as the target plant site. The recorded data at the other five stations (Dazey, Galesbury, Hillsboro, Mayville, and Prosper) was used as reference station data. The best hybrid MCP strategy from different MCP algorithms and reference stations was investigated and selected from the 1,024 combinations. The accuracy of the hybrid MCP method was found to be highly sensitive to the combination of individual MCP algorithms and reference stations used. It was also observed that the best combination of MCP algorithms was strongly influenced by the length of the correlation period.
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Ball, Natalie J., Matthew G. Wisniewski, Alexandria C. Zakrzewski, Nandini Iyer, Brian D. Simpson, Amanda Seccia, Eric R. Thompson et Nathan Spencer. « Learning-related improvements in auditory detection sensitivities correlate with neural changes observable during active and passive sound processing ». Dans 173rd Meeting of Acoustical Society of America and 8th Forum Acusticum. Acoustical Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0000630.

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Fahimi, Fatemeh, Wooi Boon Goh, Tih-Shih Lee et Cuntai Guan. « Neural Indexes of Attention Extracted from EEG Correlate with Elderly Reaction Time in response to an Attentional Task ». Dans the 3rd International Conference. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3265689.3265722.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Neural correlate"

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Forster, Gina. Neural and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD and Alcohol Use. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, décembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada610004.

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Forster, Gina. Neural and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD and Alcohol Use. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, octobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada574729.

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Manoach, Dara. Neural Correlates of Restricted, Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, octobre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612865.

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Manoach, Dara. Neural Correlates of Restricted, Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, décembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada614050.

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Manoach, Dara, et Susan Santangelo. Neural Correlates of Restricted, Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, octobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada575709.

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Santangelo, Susan L., et Dara Manoach. Neural Correlates of Restricted, Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, octobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada583969.

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Maia, Maercio, Abrahão Baptista, Patricia Vanzella, Pedro Montoya et Henrique Lima. Neural correlates of the perception of emotions elicited by dance movements. A scope review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, février 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0086.

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Review question / Objective: The main question of the study is "how do dance neuroscience studies define and assess emotions?" The main objective is to establish, through the available literature, a scientific overview of studies in dance neuroscience that address the perception of emotions in the context of neuroaesthetics. Specifically, it is expected to verify if there is methodological homogeneity in studies involving the evaluation of emotions within the context of dance neuroscience; whether the definition of emotion is shared in these studies and, furthermore, whether in multimodal studies in which dance and music are concomitantly present, whether there is any form of distinction between the contribution of each language on the perception of emotions evoked by the stimulus.
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Yan, Junjuan, Linyu Cui, Fang Wen, Liping Yu, Fang Wang, Jingran Liu, Mengyu Wang, Yonghua Cui et Ying Li. The efficacy and neural correlates of ERP-based therapy for OCD & ; TS : A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, décembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0112.

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Carpita, Nicholas C., Ruth Ben-Arie et Amnon Lers. Pectin Cross-Linking Dynamics and Wall Softening during Fruit Ripening. United States Department of Agriculture, juillet 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7585197.bard.

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Our study was designed to elucidate the chemical determinants of pectin cross-linking in developing fruits of apple and peach and to evaluate the role of breakage cross-linkages in swelling, softening, and cell separation during the ripening. Peaches cell walls soften and swell considerably during the ripening, whereas apples fruit cells maintain wall firmness but cells separate during late stages of ripening. We used a "double-reduction" technique to show that levels of non-methyl esters of polyuronic acid molecules were constant during the development and ripening and decreased only in overripe fruit. In peach, methyl and non-methyl esters increased during the development and decreased markedly during the ripening. Non-methyl ester linkages in both fruit decreased accompanied fruit softening. The identity of the second component of the linkage and its definitive role in the fruit softening remain elusive. In preliminary examination of isolated apples cell walls, we found that phenolic compounds accumulate early in wall development but decrease markedly during ripening. Quantitative texture analysis was used to correlate with changes to wall chemistry from the fresh-picked ripe stage to the stage during storage when the cell separation occurs. Cell wall composition is similar in all cultivars, with arabinose as the principal neutral sugar. Extensive de-branching of these highly branched arabinans pre-stages softening and cell-cell separation during over-ripening of apple. The longer 5-arabinans remain attached to the major pectic polymer rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) backbone. The degree of RG I branching, as judged from the ratios of 2-Rha:2,4-Rha, also decreases, specially after an extensive arabinan de-branching. Loss of the 4-Rham linkages correlated strongly with the softening of the fruit. Loss of the monomer or polymer linked to the RG I produce directly or indirectly the softening of the fruit. This result will help to understand the fruit softening and to have better control of the textural changes in fruit during the ripening and especially during the storage. 'Wooliness', an undesirable mealy texture that is induced during chilling of some peach cultivars, greatly reduces the fruit storage possibilities. In order to examine the hypothesis that the basis for this disorder is related to abnormality in the cell wall softening process we have carried out a comparative analysis using the resistant cultivar, Sunsnow, and a sensitive one, Hermosa. We investigated the activity of several pectin- and glycan-modifying enzymes and the expression of their genes during ripening, chilling, and subsequent shelf-life. The changes in carbohydrate status and in methyl vs. non-methyl uronate ester levels in the walls of these cultivars were examined as well to provide a basis for comparison of the relevant gene expression that may impact appearance of the wooly character. The activities of the specific polygalacturonase (PGase) and a CMC-cellulase activities are significantly elevated in walls of peaches that have become wooly. Cellulase activities correlated well with increased level of the transcript, but differential expression of PGase did not correspond with the observed pattern of mRNA accumulation. When expression of ethylene biosynthesis related genes was followed no significant differences in ACC synthase gene expression was observed in the wooly fruit while the normal activation of the ACC oxidase was partially repressed in the Hermosa wooly fruits. Normal ripening-related loss of the uronic acid-rich polymers was stalled in the wooly Hermosa inconsistent with the observed elevation in a specific PGase activity but consistent with PG gene expression. In general, analysis of the level of total esterification, degree of methyl esterification and level of non-methyl esters did not reveal any major alterations between the different fruit varieties or between normal and abnormal ripening. Some decrease in the level of uronic acids methyl esterification was observed for both Hermosa and Sunsnow undergoing ripening following storage at low temperature but not in fruits ripening after harvest. Our results support a role for imbalanced cell wall degradation as a basis for the chilling disorder. While these results do not support a role for the imbalance between PG and pectin methyl esterase (PME) activities as the basis for the disorder they suggest a possible role for imbalance between cellulose and other cell wall polymer degradation during the softening process.
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Wegiel, Jerzy, et W. T. Brown. Characterization of the of the Pathological and Biochemical Markers That Correlate to the Clinical Features of Autism. Subproject 2. Contribution of Significant Delay of Neuronal Development and Metabolic Shift of Neurons to Clinical Phenotype of Autism. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada584307.

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