Articles de revues : « Neighbourhood plan »

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Filion, Pierre. « The Neighbourhood Improvement Plan ». Articles 17, n^o 1 (7 août 2013) : 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017698ar.

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During the late 1960s and early 1970s the Canadian government effected a turnabout in its urban renewal policy, which culminated in the launching of the Neighbourhood Improvement Program in 1973. This program differed from prior forms of renewal by emphasizing the preservation of the built environment and citizen participation in neighbourhood planning. This article is concerned with examining the difference in the attitudes the city administrations of Montreal and Toronto took toward the federal program, and the impact of this difference on the results in the two cities. It appears that Toronto's mode of implementation was in the spirit of the federal policy revision while Montreal endeavoured to pursue traditional urban renewal objectives through its use of the program. These two approaches to the Neighbourhood Improvement Program are depicted respectively as expressions of a participatory and a centralized mode of policy making at the local level.

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Patricios, Nicholas N. « Urban design principles of the original neighbourhood concepts ». Urban Morphology 6, n^o 1 (3 décembre 2001) : 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51347/jum.v6i1.3900.

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The neighbourhood concept is arguably one of the major planning landmarks that shaped the urban form of the twentieth-century city in many countries. Coincidently, both the neighbourhood idea of Clarence Stein and Henry Wright, exemplified in their plan for Radburn, and the neighbourhood unit idea of Clarence Perry were published in 1929. The urban design principles of Stein and Wright included the idea of a superblock of residential units grouped around a central green, the separation of vehicles and pedestrians, and a road hierarchy with culs-de-sac for local access roads. A cluster of superblocks was to form a self-contained neighbourhood. A group of neighbourhoods would then comprise the city. For Perry the physical arrangement of the elementary school, small parks and playgrounds, and local shops was the basis of his neighbourhood idea. Each neighbourhood was to be a `unit' of the city. Briefly outlined are the deviations from the original ideas made subsequently by numerous architects, planners, developers, and bureaucrats. This article re-examines the intentions of Stein and Wright and Perry and the sources of their ideas to recover the principles of the original concepts that have become obscured over the decades.

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Forouhar, Navid, Amir Forouhar et Mahnoosh Hasankhani. « Land-use change and quality of life in residential neighbourhoods : Evidence from Tehran, Iran ». GeoScape 15, n^o 2 (1 décembre 2021) : 104–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2021-0009.

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Abstract Land-use planning generally aims to manage the development of urban areas to address the needs of the communities. In this regard, the multiple and often competing environmental, economic and social conflicts complicate the process of land-use planning. Commercial development in residential neighbourhoods is a common type of land-use conflict that can dramatically exacerbate these potential conflicts. Over the recent decades, many affluent neighbourhoods of Tehran Metropolis (the capital of Iran) have been confronted with an unbridled development of commercial activities within the residential areas. This paper seeks to understand the process of land-use change and its impacts on the residents’ quality of life in an affluent neighbourhood of Tehran Metropolis (Gisha Neighbourhood) by adopting a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of impact assessment including semi-structured interview, purposeful field survey, and traffic survey. The results yield that incompatible land-use policies of the Tehran Comprehensive Plan and structural defects in the land-use change regulations led to an unbridled process of commercialisation which intensified non-local activities with city/regional service coverage along the main streets of Gisha Neighbourhood. The analysis demonstrates that despite improving the accessibility of residents to urban facilities and reducing their travel time/cost, the process of land-use changes in Gisha Neighbourhood declined the residents’ quality of life by its considerable negative effects on socio-cultural structures, landuse patterns, traffic flow, and human health in the residential areas of the neighbourhood.

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Dick, Ben. « Neighbourhood Cultural Mapping : Lessons Learned from a Pilot Project in Bayshore ». Culture and Local Governance 5, n^o 1-2 (30 décembre 2015) : 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/clg-cgl.v5i1-2.1466.

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The cultural mapping project in Bayshore was the first of three neighbourhood cultural mapping pilot projects in Ottawa. City-wide cultural mapping in Ottawa had shown Bayshore to have few cultural resources, and socio-economic indicators had shown Bayshore to be a low-income neighbourhood that faced many problems. However, discussions with neighbourhood residents told a different story. Bayshore has many cultural resources, though they are often intangible. Its residents benefit from the neighbourhood’s cultural diversity, as it is one of the most diverse neighbourhoods in the city. Informal networks have been established in Bayshore that provide support to new immigrants, and a wide variety of specialty stores and restaurants have been established nearby to serve this diverse community. The neighbourhood’s diversity may also be supporting the development of a creative cluster nearby. The Bayshore project forced the City’s cultural mapping team to re-think the way culture is defined and categorized.Keywords: neighbourhood cultural mapping, intangible cultural assets, informal networks, cultural diversity, creative clusterRésumé: Le projet de Bayshore est le premier de trois projets pilotes de cartographie culturelle initiés à la ville d’Ottawa. Une cartographie culturelle à l’échelle de la ville a révélé que le quartier de Bayshore était moins doté au plan de ressources culturelles que d’autres quartiers de la ville. De plus, les indicateurs révèlent que le quartier en question est également un quartier à faible revenu qui est confronté à plusieurs problématiques sociales et économiques. Cependant, des entretiens auprès des résidents du quartier nous offrent une autre perspective. Ces entretiens révèlent notamment que les ressources culturelles de Bayshore sont sous-estimées puisqu’elles sont souvent intangibles. Il est révélé que les résidents du quartier tirent profit de la diversité du quartier le plus culturellement diversifié de la ville. Bayshore se caractérise par une diversité de réseaux sociaux informels et par une grande diversité de commerces et de restaurants. Cette grande diversité serait un facteur qui participerait au développement d’une grappe créative dans un quartier voisin. Cet article met en évidence plusieurs constats qui nous invitent à revoir et repenser comment la culture est construite et modélisée dans le cadre des projets de cartographie culturelle.Mots clé: cartographie culturelle d’un voisinage, ressources culturelles immatérielles, réseaux informels, diversité culturelle, groupement créatif

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Oorschot, Leo. « Dutch Hybrid Neighbourhoods of 1860–1910 in Heat Transition : The Case Study of Zeeheldenkwartier in The Hague ». Energies 13, n^o 20 (10 octobre 2020) : 5255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205255.

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This paper explores the typo-morphologic characteristics of late 19th century hybrid neighbourhoods in urban regions of The Netherlands and possibilities of a feasible climate neutral energy system in the future. The Zeeheldenkwartier neighbourhood in The Hague is used as a case study. Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are involved to ensure access to affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) and make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable (SDG 11). With the 2019 Dutch-Climate-Agreement The Netherlands decided on a neighbourhood approach to the transition from natural gas to a climate neutral energy supply in buildings. Implicit homogeneity in most buildings of neighbourhoods is presupposed, in contrast to older neighbourhoods that were laid out before World War I. These are nowadays heterogenic, attractive, mixed and often protected neighbourhoods because of the quality of the architecture. Establishing a generic energy plan here is a challenge. The foremost important conclusion is the recognition of the architectural and urban quality and features of these kinds of neighbourhoods and to develop specific legislation and rules about insulation, service and energy systems. Another conclusion about the strategy is that one should not rely on a single generic solution but rather apply multiple forms of heat supply over a longer period of time. There is lack of heat and construction capacity. Box-in-box-renovation is best done when people are moving and the house is uninhabited. The tenants of a neighbourhood should oganise, not building owners, and implement legislation and framework for rental apartments. Insulation should be done to mandatory Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) label B or C, adding sound and energy production of heat pumps and district heating.

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Talen, Emily. « Plan vs. Process : The Case of Neighbourhood Planning ». Built Environment 45, n^o 2 (1 juillet 2019) : 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2148/benv.45.2.173.

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Siddiqui, Fazlul Hasan, et Patrik Haslum. « Continuing Plan Quality Optimisation ». Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 54 (23 novembre 2015) : 369–435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.4980.

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Finding high quality plans for large planning problems is hard. Although some current anytime planners are often able to improve plans quickly, they tend to reach a limit at which the plans produced are still very far from the best possible, but these planners fail to find any further improvement, even when given several hours of runtime. We present an approach to continuing plan quality optimisation at larger time scales, and its implementation in a system called BDPO2. Key to this approach is a decomposition into subproblems of improving parts of the current best plan. The decomposition is based on block deordering, a form of plan deordering which identifies hierarchical plan structure. BDPO2 can be seen as an application of the large neighbourhood search (LNS) local search strategy to planning, where the neighbourhood of a plan is defined by replacing one or more subplans with improved subplans. On-line learning is also used to adapt the strategy for selecting subplans and subplanners over the course of plan optimisation. Even starting from the best plans found by other means, BDPO2 is able to continue improving plan quality, often producing better plans than other anytime planners when all are given enough runtime. The best results, however, are achieved by a combination of different techniques working together.

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Brookfield, Katherine. « Getting involved in plan-making : Participation in neighbourhood planning in England ». Environment and Planning C : Politics and Space 35, n^o 3 (22 août 2016) : 397–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263774x16664518.

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Neighbourhood planning, introduced through the Localism Act 2011, was intended to provide communities in England with new opportunities to plan and manage development. All communities were presented as being readily able to participate in this new regime with Ministers declaring it perfectly conceived to encourage greater involvement from a wider range of people. Set against such claims, while addressing significant gaps in the evidence, this paper provides a critical review of participation in neighbourhood planning, supported by original empirical evidence drawn from case study research. It does so at an interesting time as the community, and/or neighbourhood, appears across political parties as a preferred scalar focus for planning. Challenging Ministers’ assertions, while mirroring past experiments in community planning, participation is found to be modest and partial, concentrated amongst a few, relatively advantaged communities, and relatively advantaged interests within those communities. The paper considers the implications for future planning policy and practice.

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Zakaria, Rozana, M. Vikneswaran, Mohd Ismid Mohd Said, Abd Latif Saleh et Mustaffar Mushairry. « Sustainable Neighbourhood Planning and Design in Malaysian Perspective ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (octobre 2012) : 1690–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1690.

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Sustainable development becomes the significant tool of planning and design of building structures and infrastructures in this decade. The land use development for neighbourhood construction should be protected from being overused and devastated. Malaysia must starts to incorporate sustainable neighbourhood planning and design so that the future generation can be benefited from this type of development. However less focus is being paid to this type of development which needs attention to be given especially on small-scale green areas. The main concern of this paper is to address the practice of sustainable neighbourhood planning and design in Malaysia as it gives much impact to the living environment of a group of community. The issues pertaining Malaysian sustainable development planning and sustainable neighbourhood design were discussed in this paper. Results from the Malaysian Local Council Structure Plan review were discussed to highlight the sustainable neighbourhood importance. The result indicates that the sustainable neighbourhood planning and design in Malaysia needs to be improved over the current practices to create more environmental-friendly neighbourhood.

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Puffert, Rahel. « There's really some art in there ». TERRITORIO, n^o 53 (septembre 2010) : 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2010-053012.

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Münzviertel is a central neighbourhood of Hamburg located between the central library, museums, the authority for foreign citizens and various facilities and services for the street homeless, which has been subject to an urban redevelopment plan since 2008. An interview of Günter Westphal, a resident, artist and activist in the neighbourhood was designed to investigate how and why this process was occurring. Westphal has been involved in the neighbourhood since 2002 as an artist and has made a considerable contribution to the planning process. He knows the relationships between ‘the active inhabitants in the neighbourhood' and the public administration. In the article I investigate the strategies which underline the idea of combining art with social questions and the redesign of urban space. I asked Günter what chances the project had of success.

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Herman, Lior. « An Action Plan or a Plan for Action ? Israel and the European Neighbourhood Policy ». Mediterranean Politics 11, n^o 3 (novembre 2006) : 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629390600914013.

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Jaya, I. Wayan Gede Sularsa Budi Putra, I. Wayan Parwata et Agus Kurniawan. « Action Plan for Neighborhood Arrangement of Ubud Area Traditional/Historic Settlements in Gianyar Regency ». IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development) 6, n^o 1 (31 janvier 2023) : 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/ijebd.v6i1.2124.

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Purpose: The shift in the value of tradition/history impacts the structure of the built neighbourhood, such as changes in the residential area. It is both in terms of the environment and the building. Design/methodology/approach: This research is based on qualitative research. Findings: The historical value of a place/region is closely related to the traditional aspects that already exist and developed in that areaa. Every effort to preserve historical values and formal existence in a fostered neighbourhood does not impede economic develompent. Instead, they must be able to synergize, support each other, and be in line without sacrifing one or the other. It must also create a strong bond in development. So the conservation aspects is very relevant to be preserved in developing a fostered neighbourhood. Research limitations/imlications: The negative impact of ignorring more essential values on development can reduce the number or historic buildings and areas in most cities in Indonesia from year to year. As a results, development activities oriented towards economic growth can gradually eliminate historical traces, including a built neighbourhood. Practical implications: A historic building area can be interpreted as an area with a close relationship with something past life for moore than 50 years. It can be used collectively in buildings, settlements, and other public facilities. Paper type: Research paper

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Grandy, Gina, et Daphne Rixon. « Who really benefits ? Neighborhood credit union’s merger decision ». CASE Journal 14, n^o 6 (12 novembre 2018) : 736–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-08-2018-0093.

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Synopsis Ben Chang, the CEO of a small credit union, Neighbourhood Credit Union (Neighbourhood), located in Atlantic Canada was evaluating a possible merger with another larger credit union, Pleasantview Credit Union (Pleasantview). Chang and Neighbourhood’s Board of Directors (Board) were interested in a merger that would enhance member benefits via improved technology, innovative delivery channels and a more robust financial planning and wealth management capability. Chang, along with a team of experts, was methodical in seeking out interested credit unions. Pleasantview emerged as a strong candidate from the expression of interest stage. The initial due diligence review was complete, the memorandum of understanding signed and a working group comprised of members from both credit unions formed. Chang, however, was becoming increasingly concerned about the lack of strategic fit between Neighbourhood and Pleasantview. In conversation with the consultant hired to assist with the merger process, Chang was considering recommending to the Board that the merger process with Pleasantview be halted. It was January 2015 and Chang was set to retire in May. Before he retired he wanted a plan in place that ensured increased member benefits, as well one that balanced growth and sustainability for Neighbourhood. Chang was scheduled to meet with the Board in four days. He needed a recommendation that would address the current merger situation, as well as provide other options for Neighbourhood. Research methodology This case is based upon primary and secondary data collection. Formal and follow-up informal interviews were conducted in 2015 with the CEO and “merger” consultant at Neighbourhood Credit Union. Organisational documents and publicly available documents were also consulted. To ensure the confidentiality terms of the merger discussions, the case is disguised with respect to the name and location of the credit unions, the names of the CEO and consultant, as well as the financials. The timeline, process followed, key decision and opinions of the CEO and merger consultant as presented in the case are real. Relevant courses and levels This case is formulated for university undergraduate students in their third or fourth years of study and graduate students. It is appropriate for strategic management and co-operative/not-for-profit management classes intended for a 60–75 min class session.

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Sturzaker, John, et Dave Shaw. « Localism in practice : lessons from a pioneer neighbourhood plan in England ». Town Planning Review 86, n^o 5 (septembre 2015) : 587–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2015.34.

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Khogali, Hind Abdelmoneim. « Sustainable-Eco-Buildings Assessment Method SEBAM for Evaluation of Residential Areas in Hot-Dry Climate ». Journal of Sustainable Development 14, n^o 3 (17 mars 2021) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v14n3p1.

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This research aimed to investigate the present situation regarding residential neighbourhood in hot-dry climates. The area of study comprised four urban classes in Greater Khartoum. The problems of residential buildings were examined, aiming to find a sustainable assessment method for evaluating residential areas and their services The methodology of the research began with a literature review for identifying passive and sustainable solutions suitable to hot-dry climates. This method employed eight main categories: sustainable sites, indoor environmental quality, outdoor thermal control, building forms, materials and resources, water supply, power supply systems, and environmental plan processes and CO2 emisions. In addition, a points scale was used, based on ratings of ‘Excellent’, ‘V. Good’, ‘Good’, and ‘Pass’, with a total of 125 points to determine the evaluation result for a building. The study evaluated an urban sample in the Al Taief neighbourhood. A survey was initiated by identifying the standards for selecting the case study, the survey studied 48 cases in the residential areas, analysed the collected data, and then summarised it into tables and figures. The results presented indicated that 19% were Good, 25% were Pass, and 56% were considered ‘weak’. The conclusions and recommendations regarding urban housing services can be applied to sustainable ecological neighbourhoods.

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Reich, Arie. « The European Neighbourhood Policy and Israel : Achievements and Disappointments ». Journal of World Trade 49, Issue 4 (1 août 2015) : 619–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2015024.

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Over a decade has passed since the European Union (EU) launched its European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) and nine years since the Action Plan with Israel was adopted. Politicians on both sides talked about deep economic integration, ‘a stake in the internal market’, ‘everything but institutions’, and arrangements that could be as close as what the EU has with countries like Norway or Iceland in the European Economic Area. This article aims to examine to what extent the great hopes with which the ENP was greeted both in the EU and in Israel have materialized, in particular in the field of international trade and economic integration. The article compares the actual achievements with the original goals of the ENP Action Plan and finds more disappointments than achievements. Among the achievements, the article describes and analyses the Agreement on Conformity Assessment and Acceptance for industrial products concluded in 2012 and the bilateral aviation agreement (‘Open Skies’), as well as Israel’s accession and successful participation in the EU scientific research and technical development programmes (including the ‘Horizon 2020’). The list of what could and should have been done, however, is longer and more disappointing, and it includes issues such as trade facilitation through modernization of customs administration, revision of outdated protectionist rules of origin, and the EU’s failure to contribute to peace in the Middle East by refusing to recognize diagonal cumulation of origin between Israel and its neighbours. Likewise, the lack of any progress on important topics such as competition rules, public procurement, trade in financial and professional services, e-commerce and investment, to name a few, outweighs the few achievements that can be noted. The article then proceeds to discuss the possible reasons for these disappointing results.

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GRANTMYRE, LAURA. « Conflicting visions of renewal in Pittsburgh’s Hill District, 1950–1968 ». Urban History 43, n^o 4 (13 juillet 2016) : 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926815000899.

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ABSTRACT:Visual representations of the Lower Hill District created by Pittsburgh's redevelopment coalition and by neighbourhood insiders reveal the conflicting ways redevelopers and residents understood older neighbourhoods and their redevelopment. Redevelopers’ maps and photographs of the Lower Hill documented the neighbourhood's densely built-up blocks and intermixture of land uses as definitive examples of blight that threatened downtown's economic health. Models and architectural sketches of the Civic Arena – the jewel of the Lower Hill's redevelopment plan – promised to wipe away blight and renew the city. Redevelopers distributed their imagery through brochures and the city's daily press. Framed by captions labelling the Lower Hill a ‘blight’ and the Civic Arena a ‘wonder of the modern world’, these images helped sell the public on redevelopment. Lower Hill insiders, most notably the city's African American newspaper, the Pittsburgh Courier, and the Courier’s lead photographer, Charles ‘Teenie’ Harris, envisioned the Lower Hill and its redevelopment differently. Harris and the Courier criticized the neighbourhood's dilapidated housing but celebrated its thriving social life. They also supported redevelopment but saw it primarily as a route to new jobs and improved housing for Hill residents. After the Civic Arena opened in 1961, redevelopment failed to deliver more jobs or better housing because redevelopers’ worldview prioritized the built over the social environment. Hill District residents, led by the Courier, reacted to these shortcomings with visual protests pairing redevelopers’ favourite symbol of progress – the brand new Civic Arena – with symbols of racial injustice. By spotlighting the inequalities that undergirded redevelopers’ vision for the city, these protests stopped redevelopment from spreading further into the Hill in 1968.

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PICTON, ROGER M. « Rubble and ruin : Walter Benjamin, post-war urban renewal and the residue of everyday life on LeBreton Flats, Ottawa, Canada (1944–1970) ». Urban History 42, n^o 1 (19 août 2014) : 130–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926814000376.

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ABSTRACTTaking a cue from Walter Benjamin, this article exposes the wreckage of urban renewal on LeBreton Flats – a mixed industrial and working-class neighbourhood in Ottawa, Canada. Photographic and textual fragments of urban life retrieved from government expropriation files are used to expose the spell of progress embodied in the urban renewal plan for the neighbourhood. This article shows how urban historians can deploy Benjamin's methodological approach to reclaim the memory of everyday life on LeBreton Flats from the realm of official planning documents. This article shows how despite an official narrative of decline scrap-dealers, craft-workers and residents continued to value the Flats and participate in an imaginative urban life.

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Jung Sung-Hoon. « Characteristics of the Neighbourhood Plan and Community Partnership in the United Kingdom ». Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea 17, n^o 4 (décembre 2014) : 864–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.23841/egsk.2014.17.4.864.

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Colón-Ramos, Uriyoán, Rafael Monge-Rojas, Elena Cremm, Ivonne M. Rivera, Elizabeth L. Andrade et Mark C. Edberg. « How Latina mothers navigate a ‘food swamp’ to feed their children : a photovoice approach ». Public Health Nutrition 20, n^o 11 (18 mai 2017) : 1941–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017000738.

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AbstractObjectiveTo understand how mothers who recently migrated from Central America to the USA feed their children in a neighbourhood saturated with unhealthful food choices (‘food swamp’) and to formulate a mother-driven plan of action to facilitate their acquisition of foods.Design/Setting/SubjectsWe purposively sampled mothers with children (<10 years old) who were recent immigrants/refugees from Central America and lived in a ‘food swamp’ neighbourhood. We used the photovoice approach to elicit textual data from thirty in-depth interviews, a participatory workshop, and visual data from photographs. Analyses were guided by the Social Ecological Framework and Social Cognitive Theory to identify barriers, facilitators and strategies that support parents in feeding their children.ResultsMothers valued foods that they considered to be ‘traditional’ and ‘healthful’. They navigated their food retail environment looking for these foods (of good quality and well-priced). Food values were reinforced by pre-migration food customs and culture, health professionals’ advice and, in some cases, by the desire to avoid conflict with their children. The neighbourhood food environment could directly influence children’s food preferences and often created conflict between what the child wanted to eat and the foods that mothers valued. Mothers in this ‘food swamp’ wanted to be engaged in addressing the selection of foods offered in schools and in neighbourhood food venues to reflect their own food values.ConclusionsThese mothers’ feeding choices were influenced directly by their food values, and indirectly by the neighbourhood and school food environments via their children’s preferences.

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Lauzier, Sophie, Hichem Kadachi, Jocelyne Moisan, Alain Vanasse, Alain Lesage, Marie-Josée Fleury et Jean-Pierre Grégoire. « Neighbourhood Material and Social Deprivation and Exposure to Antidepressant Drug Treatment : A Cohort Study Using Administrative Data ». Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 63, n^o 10 (7 mars 2018) : 701–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743718760290.

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Objective: To assess whether neighbourhood deprivation is associated with exposure to an antidepressant drug treatment (ADT) and its quality among individuals diagnosed with unipolar depression and insured by the Quebec public drug plan. Method: We conducted an administrative database cohort study of adults covered by the Quebec public drug plan who were diagnosed with a new episode of unipolar depression. We assessed material and social deprivation using an area-based index. We considered exposure to an ADT as having ≥1 claim for an ADT within the 365 days following depression diagnosis. Among those exposed to ADT, ADT quality was assessed with 3 indicators: first-line recommended ADT, persistence with the ADT, and compliance with the ADT. Generalized linear models were used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: Of 100,432 individuals with unipolar depression, 65,436 (65%) were exposed to an ADT in the year following the diagnosis. Individuals living in the most materially deprived areas were slightly more likely to be exposed to an ADT than those living in the least deprived areas (aPR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.06). The likelihoods of being exposed to a first-line ADT, persisting for the minimum recommended duration and complying with the ADT were independent of the deprivation levels. Conclusions: Neighbourhood deprivation was not associated with ADT quality among individuals insured by the Quebec public drug plan. It might be partly attributable to the public drug plan whose goal is to provide equitable access to prescription drugs regardless of income.

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Dance, K. W. « The Role of the Neighbourhood in Rehabilitation of an Urban Aquatic Ecosystem ». Water Quality Research Journal 32, n^o 2 (1 mai 1997) : 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1997.018.

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Abstract For the first 10 to 15 years following rehabilitation, the original goals at West Heights Pond, Kitchener, were attained. Monitoring over a 16-year period revealed that if ecosystem health and aesthetics goals are to be sustained in the future, management intervention is required. Required management includes on-going control of aggressive wetland plant pests; efforts to discourage waterfowl feeding so that numbers decline and water quality improves; and potential future control of exotic fish species goldfish and carp. The study has concluded that (1) periodic monitoring over the long term is required to determine whether rehabilitation plan goals are being met and to identify the nature of required management interventions; (2) human neighbours are a critical species in the ecosystem management process since they can be the agents of significant positive and negative actions which affect attainment of rehabilitation plan goals; and (3) the lead agency in rehabilitation implementation should ensure that a long-term dialogue with site neighbours capitalizes on the positive role neighbours can play and avoids negative actions such as feeding waterfowl, trampling banks and vegetation, and introducing exotic fish species.

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Kim, Jeongseob, et Kristin Larsen. « Can new urbanism infill development contribute to social sustainability ? The case of Orlando, Florida ». Urban Studies 54, n^o 16 (11 octobre 2016) : 3843–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016670557.

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The new urbanism promotes preferred design and land use patterns as a means to enhance quality of life through socioeconomic diversity, but many criticise these assertions of causality. Deriving community indicators for social sustainability – including housing affordability and socioeconomic diversity – and from studies assessing new urbanism as an infill development tool, we examine the impact of new urbanism infill development in Parramore, an economically distressed inner city neighbourhood, and Baldwin Park, a brownfield inner-ring suburb, with comparative control neighbourhoods in Orlando, Florida. In Parramore, active new urbanism implementation, including HOPE VI and the Partnership for Sustainable Communities, reflect revitalisation efforts through increased socioeconomic diversity. Meanwhile, the Baldwin Park plan incorporates many new urbanist best practices. The findings from these two distinct cases of infill development indicate that the new urbanism does not necessarily ensure social sustainability, though these principles are often integrated into publicly funded revitalisation initiatives dedicated to doing so through mixed use and mixed income development.

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Scattolini, Elena. « Progetto di rigenerazione architettonica dell'edificio R5 a Tor Bella Monaca ». TERRITORIO, n^o 63 (décembre 2012) : 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2012-063024.

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A degree thesis written in conjunction with Diap research on the Tor Bella Monaca neighbourhood case study, which proposes intervention on an existing building, the R5 block. This is one of the buildings for which demolition is proposed according to the neighbourhood plan drawn up by the architect Krier and backed by Alemanno, the Mayor of Rome. The intention on the contrary is to investigate an alternative to demolition, which involves the reuse of existing structures, following an approach of reuse, regeneration of the built and agricultural land savings. An initial phase of identifying general design strategies was followed by activity to reorganise all parts of the building with particular attention paid to the ground floor, the design of open spaces, the insertion of new functions and the redesign of the accommodation.

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Sabri, Soheil, Abbas Rajabifard, Serene Ho, Sam Amirebrahimi et Ian Bishop. « Leveraging VGI Integrated with 3D Spatial Technology to Support Urban Intensification in Melbourne, Australia ». Urban Planning 1, n^o 2 (15 juin 2016) : 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v1i2.623.

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High density residential development in metropolitan Melbourne, where contradictory imperatives of neighbourhood character and urban intensification play important roles, remains an uncertain practice. One key issue for plan implementation is the lack of consistency between authorities, developers and the community in interpreting the standards, design guidelines, and state/local strategies, especially those relating to neighbourhood character. There is currently no mechanism to incorporate community perceptions and place experiences as subjective aspects of neighbourhood character in development assessments. There is also little use of micro-scale and multi-dimensional spatial analysis to integrate these subjective aspects with objective measures (e.g. building volume and height; streetscape) to communicate effectively—and in a limited timeframe—with all stakeholders. This paper explores the potential of two emerging geospatial technologies that can be leveraged to respond to these problems. Evidence in the literature suggests that volunteered geographic information (VGI) can provide community input around subjective aspects of the urban environment. In addition, a deluge of three-dimensional (3D) spatial information (e.g. 3D city models) is increasingly available for micro-level (building- or property-level) assessment of the physical aspects of the urban environment. This paper formulates and discusses a conceptual framework to link these two spatial technological advancements in a virtual geographic environment (VGE) that accounts for micro-scale 3D spatial analysis incorporating both subjective and objective aspects of neighbourhood character relevant in implementing compact city strategies.

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Badhan, I. M., et S. W. Ching. « THE Exploration of Effective Spatial Performance of Accessible Neighbourhood Green (Ang), Including its Proportion and Standard Distance from User in Dhanmondi Residential Area, Dhaka ». Creative Space 8, n^o 2 (30 mars 2021) : 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/cs.2021.82005.

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Urban physical context can be analyzed across three key matrixes (3-P) among others i.e. place, path, and people. So, pragmatic analysis of spatial effective performances connecting 3-P, require provoking frequency of people’s experience. Acknowledging this issue, the demand for accessible neighbourhood green (ANG) at an appropriate distance becomes the primary concern to enhance the quality of life and liveability in a city. However, with the continued urban growth and densification, the discrepancy between the demand and supply of open space continues to vary requiring adjustments to remain responsive. The real-life circumstance results in a shortage of parks and open areas in terms of demand and supply within accessible distance in Dhaka city. This paper intends to examine this issue through the case of the planned Dhanmondi Residential Area (DRA) in Dhaka. Despite having provision of multiple open spaces in DRA, visitor’s frequency varies due to age and gender group accessibility conditions and varying distances. Considering existing spatial norms set by Detail Area Plan (DAP), Dhaka structure plan (DSP), and numerous research works on Dhaka open spaces, the major inquiry posed here is whether these open spaces are appropriate for DRA or not. Therefore, the objective of this paper focuses on examining the quality of the physical environment of Neighbourhood public open spaces termed here as accessible neighbourhood green (ANG) in DRA to examine their adequacy concerning proportion and distance synchronized with the frequency of visits. The initial part of the paper focuses on conceptualizing the problem vis-à-vis the existing scenario. Surveys and interviews have been conducted to assess people’s perceptions in terms of comfort, accessibility, sociability, and user frequency aligned with proximity. The result indicates that the provision of one appropriate ANG within two or three standard blocks apart contribute to enhancing the quality of life for the city dwellers and their liveability.

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Myers, Garth Andrew. « Sticks and stones : colonialism and Zanzibari housing ». Africa 67, n^o 2 (avril 1997) : 252–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161444.

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AbstractIt has become commonplace for scholars to speak of cities, especially colonial cities, as texts in which power relations are embedded. This article presents the findings of six years' research, including archival research, interviewing and fieldwork on the planning and development of Zanzibar. I concentrate on house-building and domestic environments in the city's historic African neighbourhoods, known as Ngʼambo, or the ‘Other Side’. Struggles for cultural hegemony are evident in struggles over Zanzibar's built environment during the twentieth century. The focus is on how the legal language defining house types and establishing building codes, developed under colonialism, became a tactical instrument of the powerful in asserting spatial dominance. Yet the enforcement of the building code often showed the limits of colonial and local elite attempts at hegemony, especially at the end of the colonial era. Throughout the century, the words for African traditional housing and neighbourhood types in Zanzibar have betrayed the disdain with which the powerful have viewed them. There is, however, an order and plan to the ‘unplanned building’ which still dominates the city.

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Spoormans, Lidwine, Daniel Navas-Carrillo, Hielkje Zijlstra et Teresa Pérez-Cano. « Planning History of a Dutch New Town : Analysing Lelystad through Its Residential Neighbourhoods ». Urban Planning 4, n^o 3 (30 septembre 2019) : 102–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v4i3.2132.

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This article seeks to analyse the reciprocal influence between the post-war urban planning policies and the development of residential neighbourhoods in Lelystad between 1965 and 1990. This city has been designed ‘from scratch’ as the urban centre of the IJsselmeer Polders, the largest land reclamation project of the Netherlands. Lelystad’s neighbourhood development will be described and contextualised in the Dutch New Towns planning policy (1960–1985), which intended to avoid increasing congestion in the most densely populated area in the Netherlands: the Randstad. Lelystad is seen as a significant case. This New Town exemplifies the evolution in urban planning in The Netherlands in the second half of the twentieth century. Cornelis van Eesteren, who had presided over the CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne) from 1930 to 1947, was responsible for the urban design in 1964, based on the principles of the Modern city and the functionalist design of residential neighbourhoods. However, Van Eesteren was dismissed, and his plan was modified. The successive urban plans, elaborated by the IJsselmeer Polders Development Authority (a public body for the development of the polders), adopted a technical and practical approach, and later moved to functionally integrated neighbourhoods, based on more organic ‘Woonerf’ theories. The research investigates the relationship between the general and the particular by studying the socioeconomic and political context that conditioned the Dutch New Towns and the specific urban and architectural characteristics of a selection of residential ensembles in Lelystad’s neighbourhoods. Furthermore, the research seeks to illustrate the relevance and the influence of both urban planning policies and the effective design of residential configurations.

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Kalinka, Maris, Sanda Geipele, Edgars Pudzis, Andrejs Lazdins, Una Krutova et Jurijs Holms. « Indicators for the Smart Development of Villages and Neighbourhoods in Baltic Sea Coastal Areas ». Sustainability 12, n^o 13 (30 juin 2020) : 5293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135293.

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A formal village/neighbourhood planning process is typically focused on three planning levels (national, regional and local) and is usually linked with administrative units of the territory (state, region or municipality). The local planning level (village or neighbourhood) “pocket plan” is a development challenge for spatial planners. The small coastal village Tuja in Latvia was taken as a pilot territory for “pocket planning” due to the unique location; biodiversity and ecosystems; significant natural, cultural, economic and social values; specific interests; and the needs of the involved local society. All these factors create a dynamic flow of data and information. Geographic information systems (GIS) are widely used as planning support systems. GISs for pocket plans must accommodate the special needs of communities in villages and neighbourhoods. Ensuring the availability of information in dynamic real time is an opportunity to build both community integration in specific environments and to understand the future plans of the territory. Access to a WEB-GIS (internet GIS) provides possibilities for every person with a mobile phone to use and update information. Static and statistical information is generally used for spatial planning. For pocket plans, the data and information flow has to be dynamic and has to interact with non-professional users. The special wishes and needs of every member of a community must be accommodated by a pocket plan for the well-being of the people and the sustainability of the surrounding territory. Small territory planning involves a very narrow circle of individuals or communities that identify spatial development needs for the future, which includes the socio-economic, cultural, historical, environmental and climate change scenarios. In order to assess the development opportunities and needs of such areas, the detection, accumulation and monitoring of reliable data is necessary. Methodically derived data (facts) provide objectivity and transparency. Currently, as information between the present and the past is able to circulate very fast, analysis of the current situation to forecast the future and show different constructed realities (scenarios) using a GIS is necessary. Therefore, to explore and determine a local needs-based and smart spatial planning approach, we must identify indicators that can be used for the short-term and long-term analysis of specific territories in coastal areas.

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Dewi, Santy Paulla, et Novia Sari Ristianti. « The Implication of Studentification To Community’s Physical And Social Economicaspects In Tembalang Higher Education Area ». Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan 21, n^o 1 (29 mai 2019) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jtsp.v21i1.19027.

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Abstract. Studentification is a neighbourhood changes caused by the students’ presence in the permanent settlement then influence the area; students accomodation supply and community’s social economic aspects. This research revealed the influence of studentification in Tembalang higher education area to the physical and social economic aspects. Qualitative research method was used to explain more about the studentification influence and the Tembalang development trend. Interview conducted to some key figures in the community such as Lurah, community leaders, and students to find out their perception regarding the neighbourhood transformation. Based on analysis, it showed that studentification emerged since the Pleburan campus moved to Tembalang campus which students accomodation demand increased significantly. Moreover, the studentification influences seen from the increasing of land price, land use conversion, and students’ life style that affected the community’s job-shifting. However, the development of Tembalang higher education area still on the track based on the guidance and spatial pattern structure recommendation of Semarang Spatial Plan 2011-2030.

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bin Saion, Mohamad Pazlin. « Advanced Methods for Dispatching problems in Photolithography Area ». International Journal of New Practices in Management and Engineering 11, n^o 1S (31 décembre 2021) : 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijnpme.v11i1s.140.

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As the propelled IC fabricating innovation forms become more unpredictable and basic, the photograph procedure particulars fixed with structure targets. The outstanding 0.25 um are used to gain better superimpose power. Protocol by Protocol instructions to manage process imperatives to adjust tool stacking inside photograph area successfully is the significant test for trend setting innovation dispatching. In this work, a photograph dispatching plan for trend setting innovation creation management is created to knob online dispatching. The projected dispatching plan can be partitioned into 3 sections: Shop floor, Wafer begin dispatching; and Dedicated tool management. This proposed plan not just naturally deals out an appropriate tool to equalization stacking, yet additionally incorporates the neighbourhood transmit framework. Time casement is characterized set off stretching out to adjust transit window. The planned employments are validated in like manner until the following development occasion is set off. The introduced model allots four diminish sub-objectives to improve the apparatus use and efficiency while lessening process duration and non-beneficial time.

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Qureshi, Sabeen, Irfan Ahmed Memon et Mir Aftab Hussain Talpur. « Association between Objectively Measured Neighbourhood Built Environment and Walkability ». Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 41, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2201.16.

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Some previous studies show that the majority of the urban planners and urban designers uses subjective measures to assess built environment attributes and neighbourhood walkability in Malaysia. However, those were using objective measures just evaluating one or two attributes of the built environment. Hence this paper focuses on objective measures of several built environment attributes that influence walkability. The paper links various objective measures of attributes of the built environment that influence walkability with objectively measured walkability. For this study data was obtained from Putrajaya review of the master plan and geographical information system data and walking distance obtained from the pedometer. The pedometers were deployed for 7-days period to capture an objective level of walkability. To achieve this study objective, a case study was conducted on three different residential precincts of Putrajaya, Malaysia and a randomly selected sample of 134 respondents from each of these three precincts was collected. To measure built environment attributes objectively, indices were used for quantifying compactness, diversity, accessibility and connectivity. The results indicate that overall indices values of Precinct 18 are high compared to precinct 9 and 8. The daily distance measured by pedometer is also high for Precinct 18. Findings of this study recommend that it is practicable for the urban designers and urban planners to employ these two objective methods. As in this study built environment index results correspond with pedometer recorded distance hence it is concluded that GIS data also has the potential to be used to construct measures of built environment attributes and to develop indices of walkability on neighbourhood scale both in Malaysia as well as in Pakistan.

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Salter, Kat. « Emergent practices of localism : the role and response of local planning authorities to neighbourhood planning in England ». Town Planning Review : Volume ahead-of-print ahead-of-print (1 août 2020) : 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2021.7.

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This paper examines the practices of localism that are emerging in local planning authorities’ (LPAs) responses to neighbourhood planning (NP) in England. It argues that a lack of coherence within the localism agenda has enabled LPAs to rearticulate and resignify key concepts, with three discernible practices of localism and responses to NP emerging: the deflective, the reactive and the integrative. The LPAs have a critical role within the process and employ a range of technologies of government to govern the conduct of groups shaped largely around the role afforded to NP within their local plan.

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Bouw, Kathelijne, Carina Wiekens, Sarah Elbert et André Faaij. « How to plan for success ? An exploration of social context factors in neighbourhood energy planning ». Energy Research & ; Social Science 92 (octobre 2022) : 102761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2022.102761.

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Pradeilles, Rebecca, Paula L. Griffiths, Shane A. Norris, Alison B. Feeley et Emily K. Rousham. « Socio-economic influences on anthropometric status in urban South African adolescents : sex differences in the Birth to Twenty Plus cohort ». Public Health Nutrition 18, n^o 16 (11 mars 2015) : 2998–3012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015000415.

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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the associations of household and neighbourhood socio-economic position (SEP) with indicators of both under- and overnutrition in adolescents and to explore sex differences.DesignAnalysis of anthropometric, household and neighbourhood SEP data from the Birth to Twenty Plus cohort born in 1990. Anthropometric outcomes were BMI (thinness, overweight and obesity) and percentage body fat (%BF; low, high). Associations between these and the household wealth index, caregiver education and neighbourhood SEP tertile measures were examined using binary logistic regression.SettingJohannesburg–Soweto, South Africa.SubjectsAdolescents aged 17–19 years (n 2019; 48·2 % men).ResultsWomen had a significantly higher combined prevalence of overweight/obesity (26·2 %) than men (8·2 %) whereas men had a significantly higher prevalence of thinness than women (22·2 % v. 10·6 %, respectively). Having a low neighbourhood social support index was associated with higher odds of high %BF in women (OR=1·59; 95 % CI 1·03, 2·44). A low household wealth index was associated with lower odds of both overweight (OR=0·31; 95 % CI 0·12, 0·76) and high %BF in men (OR=0·28; 95 % CI 0·10, 0·78). A low or middle household wealth index was associated with higher odds of being thin in men (OR=1·90; 95 % CI 1·09, 3·31 and OR=1·80; 95 % CI 1·03, 3·15, respectively). For women, a low household wealth index was associated with lower odds of being thin (OR=0·49; 95 % CI 0·25, 0·96).ConclusionsThe study highlights that even within a relatively small urban area the nutrition transition manifests itself differently in men and women and across SEP indicators. Understanding the challenges for different sexes at different ages is vital in helping to plan public health services.

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Borges, João Cunha, et Teresa Marat-Mendes. « When Lisbon met the Team 10 Cluster City ». Joelho Revista de Cultura Arquitectonica, n^o 10 (22 décembre 2019) : 086–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8681_10_5.

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In the aftermath of the Doorn Manifesto (1954), Team 10 members synthesize their earlier projects into a new urban model: the Cluster City. In 1961, the Lisbon Technical Office for Housing (Gabinete Técnico de Habitação) – GTH was established to support the Portuguese government in solving an ongoing housing shortage. Soon, this new office planned the urbanization of the Chelas Valley, a large suburban agricultural area situated in the East area of Lisbon. This plan tested approaches to neighbourhood planning unprecedented in the municipality. The Zone I of the Plan, by Francisco Silva Dias and Luís Vassalo Rosa (1966) was the first to be implemented, echoing in practice the principles of the Doorn Manifesto. In this essay, we identify the urban forms used in this Plan, and the ‘ground rules’ which structured it and influenced its change over time. Furthermore, we ask how sustainable this Cluster City is, and whether it can shed some light in the recent demise of emblematic examples like Toulouse-Le Mirail and Robin Hood Gardens.

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Taleghani, Mohammad. « Air Pollution within Different Urban Forms in Manchester, UK ». Climate 10, n^o 2 (16 février 2022) : 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli10020026.

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Air pollution causes millions of mortalities and morbidities in large cities. Different mitigation strategies are being investigated to alleviate the negative impacts of different pollutants on people. Designing proper urban forms is one of the least studied strategies. In this paper, we modelled air pollution (NO2 concentration) within four hypothetical neighbourhoods with different urban forms: single, courtyard, linear east-west, and linear north-south scenarios. We used weather and air pollution data of Manchester as one of the cities with high NO2 levels in the UK. Results show that the pollution level is highly dependent on the air temperature and wind speed. Annually, air pollution is higher in cold months (45% more) compared to summer. Likewise, the results show that during a winter day, the concentration of air pollution reduces during the warm hours. Within the four modelled scenarios, the air pollution level in the centre of the linear north-south model is the lowest. The linear building blocks in this scenario reduce the concentration of the polluted air and keep a large area within the domain cleaner than the other scenarios. Understanding the location of air pollution (sources) and the direction of prevailing wind is key to design/plan for a neighbourhood with cleaner air for pedestrians.

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Hu, Aihua, et Siv Ødemotland. « Fostering Cultural Sustainability in Early Childhood Education through a Neighbourhood Project ». Sustainability 13, n^o 9 (6 mai 2021) : 5203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095203.

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Culture is the life blood of a society, which influences people’s worldviews, values, and behaviours. Research has confirmed that children’s participation in culture helps develop thinking skills, builds self-esteem, and improves resilience. This paper aims to explore how a purposely designed project can foster cultural sustainability through a case study of a neighbourhood project conducted in Chinese and Norwegian kindergartens. A qualitative research methodology is utilised. Major data sources are an overall project plan prepared by one of the Norwegian university researchers, project descriptions and PowerPoint presentations from the kindergartens, as well as workshop notes taken by one researcher during the workshop, complemented and triangulated by the follow-up reflective narratives from three kindergartens. Qualitative content analysis and comparative analysis are used to analyse the collected data. Findings have indicated that kindergartens hold similar views on culture and cultural stainability. Though the actual activities are diverse and implemented in different ways, the goal of fostering cultural sustainability is achieved in all participating kindergartens. Children not only have gained knowledge of their neighbourhood and problem solving and social skills but also have developed sense of belonging and emotional link with their local culture through the active participation. More importantly, this study has indicated that purposely designed projects/activities can promote early childhood education for sustainability and quality of early childhood education. It is thus recommended cultivating student teachers’ and kindergarten teachers’ competence to design projects/activities integrating different dimensions of sustainability in early childhood teacher education

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García González, F. G., G. Agugiaro et R. Cavallo. « AN INTERACTIVE DESIGN TOOL FOR URBAN PLANNING USING THE SIZE OF THE LIVING SPACE AS UNIT OF MEASUREMENT ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W15 (23 septembre 2019) : 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w15-3-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In urban planning, a common unit of measurement for population density is the number of households per hectare. However, the actual size of the households is seldom considered, neither in 2D nor in 3D. This paper proposes a method to calculate the average size of the household in existing urban areas from available open data and to use it as a design parameter for new urban development. The proposed unit of measurement includes outdoor and indoor spaces, the latter comprising both residential and non-residential spaces. As a test case, a to-be-planned neighbourhood in Amsterdam, called Sloterdijk One, was chosen. First, the sizes of “typical” households, as well as a series of KPIs, were computed in existing neighbourhoods of Amsterdam, based on their similarities with the envisioned Sloterdijk One plan. Successively, the resulting size of the household was used as a design parameter in a custom-made tool to generate semi-automatically several design proposals for Sloterdijk One. Additionally, each proposal can be exported as a CityGML model and visualised using web-based virtual globes, too. Significant differences among the resulting proposals based on this new unit of measurement were encountered, meaning that the average size of a household plays indeed a major role.</p>

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Mantey, Dorota. « Local centres in post-socialist suburbs : Redefined concept and retrofitting perspectives ». Moravian Geographical Reports 30, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2022) : 192–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2022-0013.

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Abstract Chaotically developed post-socialist suburbs need retrofitting by providing residents with a local central space. This research aims at developing a typology of suburban local centres, describing the most common central spaces according to adopted criteria, as well as identifying which type of local centre has the most potential to be perceived as such by suburbanites and how suburban municipalities plan central spaces. The research was conducted in six institutional Warsaw suburbs representing the most common types of local centres of a neighbourhood catchment area. The research has shown that spatial criteria differentiate local centres more than social criteria. Concentric layouts attract different non-residential functions more effectively than linear ones. When recognising some spaces as central, the legibility of the broader spatial arrangement and the presence of key objects with centre-forming functions seems to be important. Factors that distort such recognition include the excessive dispersion of buildings, shops, and service points; peripheral or random location of the main activity node; poorly designed and equipped central spaces; and the proximity to large-scale shopping centres and recreational areas/objects. When looking for a model of retrofitting post-socialist suburbs through strengthening neighbourhood centres, it is worth recalling the concept of the so-called “third places”.

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Wink, Gerda, Gerdine Fransen, Merel Huisman, Sandra Boersma, Lieke van Disseldorp, Koos van der Velden, Annemarie Wagemakers et Maria van den Muijsenbergh. « ‘Improving Health through Reducing Stress’ : Parents’ Priorities in the Participatory Development of a Multilevel Family Health Programme in a Low-Income Neighbourhood in The Netherlands ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n^o 15 (31 juillet 2021) : 8145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158145.

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In order to reduce health inequities, a socio-ecological approach and community engagement are needed to develop sustained interventions with a positive effect on the health of disadvantaged groups. This qualitative study was part of the development phase of a community health promotion programme. The study aimed to provide insight into the perceptions of parents in a disadvantaged neighbourhood about health, and their priorities for the community health programme. It also described the process of integrating these perceptions in the development of a multilevel plan for this programme. Participatory methods were applied to enable the engagement of all groups involved. Ten parents from a low-income neighbourhood in the Netherlands participated in five panel sessions. Parents’ priorities for improving family health were reducing chronic stress and not so much healthy eating and physical activity. They prioritised solutions to reduce their financial stress, to provide a safe place for their children to meet and play and to establish good quality communication with authorities. The programme development process resulted in objectives in which both parents and professionals were willing to invest, such as a safe playground for children. This study shows that target population engagement in health programme development is possible and valuable.

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Gidlow, Christopher J., Naomi J. Ellis et Sam Bostock. « Corrigendum to “Development of the Neighbourhood Green Space Tool (NGST)” [Landscape Urban Plan. 106 (2012) 347–358] ». Landscape and Urban Planning 110 (février 2013) : 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.10.001.

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Duncan, Monica. « Integrated care systems and nurse leadership ». British Journal of Community Nursing 24, n^o 11 (2 novembre 2019) : 538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.11.538.

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There will be significant changes to the way in which primary and community health services are provided in the wake of the NHS Long Term Plan published in January 2019. Community nurses are already preparing themselves for these changes by exploring models of care that are patient-centred and link to neighbourhood, place and system levels. This article discusses two examples of such models of care, the Buurtzorg and Embrace model, both from the Netherlands. Styles of leadership and associated development, both within nursing and on a multi-professional basis will be crucial to ensure success. This article outlines Alban-Metcalfe's engaging transformational leadership model as a potential platform to move to flatter, more diverse teams and collective leadership.

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Plotnieks, Dāvis. « Mechanisms Fostering Social Entrepreneurship as Potential Instruments for Economic Development : The Eastern Partnership Perspective ». Baltic Journal of European Studies 4, n^o 2 (1 octobre 2014) : 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2014-0014.

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Abstract With its plan to assign 600 million euros through the European Neighbourhood Instrument for Eastern Partnership countries, the European Union intended to increase the efficiency of institutions, attenuate social problems, and create an environment that fosters economic growth and human well-being in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine. A few scholars have criticized the amount of funding and planned initiatives of the European Neighbourhood Instrument as insufficient and suggested that in order to foster cooperation and support reforms in its Eastern Partnership countries, more action should be taken. In times when European Commission budget is under constraints of consolidation and increase of aid for supporting European Neighbourhood countries is hardly possible, alternative solutions for tempering social problems need to be assessed. Various scientists, philanthropists and entrepreneurs see social entrepreneurship as a tool for solving social problems in a sustainable way where business thinking is being combined with non-profit philosophy. Contrary to government support and intervention for solving social problems, social entrepreneurship is already being used as tool that initially addresses joint needs--solve social problems and create revenue that provides much needed income for sustainable business initiatives. This paper analyzes the concept of social entrepreneurship, examples where social entrepreneurship is solving social problems, and mechanisms that can foster these phenomena. The aim of this paper is to examine different mechanisms of how governments can foster the creation and development of social entrepreneurship. Unique survey data derived from a project examining social entrepreneurship in Europe is used. It is concluded that by adopting mechanisms proven in various developed countries, the Eastern Partnership countries can stimulate social entrepreneurship, thus attenuating social problems and creating environment that fosters economic growth and the wellbeing of people

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Bonvalet, Catherine, et Jim Ogg. « Ageing in Inner Cities The Residential Dilemmas of the Baby Boomer Generation ». International Journal of Ageing and Later Life 2, n^o 2 (2 avril 2008) : 61–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ijal.1652-8670.072261.

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Although residential mobility decreases with age, rates rise around the age of retirement, especially for people living in cities. The post-war birth cohort of 1945–1954 differs in many respects from previous generations, and these differences are currently influencing residential choices made around the age of retirement. Using data from 60 semi-structured interviews in four areas of London and Paris that have undergone gentrification, this paper examines the residential trajectories and choices facing members of the 1945–1954 birth cohort. The analysis reveals three types of residential trajectories – ’pioneers of gentrification’, ’city movers’ and ’local inhabitants’. These trajectories are intertwined with contextual factors such as life course events, family situation, housing market conditions, and the institutions of Britain and France. The analysis shows that pioneers of gentrification have more opportunities for choice in future residential locations, and are tending to adopt complex residential patterns that often involve a combination of extended stays throughout the year in different locations. Whilst they still favour a city life, their current neighbourhood location is not a priority in any future residential choice. City movers have lived in diverse locations over the life course and although they too express a continued preference for the city, ties to the local neighbourhood remain relatively weak. Among the ’local’ inhabitants, differentiation from the gentrifers is strong, and attachment to the local neighbourhood depends upon the context of the urban setting. The British and French contexts of housing policy and markets play an important role in determining residential mobility. Collectively, the analysis shows that there is little ’stability’ in the choices for current cohorts of people in cities approaching retirement, with few interviewees having formed a definitive plan for a future residential location.

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Jose, T. K. « Micro enterprise initiative in water sector and poverty reduction ». Water Science and Technology 47, n^o 6 (1 mars 2003) : 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0373.

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The author reports on the Kerala model for water sector development, broadly adopted as a role model for poverty reduction and build up of social capital. It is a community based organisation with its focus on facilitating a stable income to the poor, and composed of a People's Plan Campaign, the Kudumbashree (women-based poverty eradication programme), with grassroot level neighbourhood groups, federated into an area development society. It promotes savings and credit channelling, capacity building and entrepreneurship development. Activities include awareness raising on water conservation and hygiene, utilization of student power, promotion of small, cheap and low technology projects that people can understand and undertake (small reservoirs, tanks, rainwater harvesting structures, water meters), as well as microenterprises, and training of women-based repair groups.

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Hanachi, Pirooz, et Leila Moghimi. « The Role of Physical-Visual Identity Architectural Elements of Historical Neighbourhoods as Factors for Their Sustainability ». Current World Environment 12, n^o 2 (25 août 2017) : 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.12.2.14.

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Historic fabric of cities with ancient backgrounds possess high potentials and it must be reclaimed along with paying attention to flexible bases of localism. Urban dwellers, with wide requirements in recent times are seeking for satisfaction in such historical places. Urban historical areas should meet the public values within cultural frameworks and aesthetic experience. Every city consists of material and spiritual values, which are formed in a physical space as a precious asset, so identifying these values and making them into identity elements need a comprehensive plan based on the city’s cultural and historical background. Therefore, disparity in designing and building new buildings near old texture, makes disparity in city perspective and causes lack of identity. Methodology of this research based on qualitative analysis with case study of Imamzadeh Yahya in region 12 of Tehran metropolitan city ,for collecting information and data using library, literature review and interview with expert Then, the SWOT analysis matrix was used for data analysis and presentation of neighbourhoods as factors in heritage areas in Imamzadeh Yahya. This paper explores physical-visual elements related to city perspective and people’s perception. This paper is of relevance because the city perspective and people’s perception have a significant role around the quality component of historical urban fabric in making a desirable visual identity. Our case study is the surroundings of the historical neighbourhood of Imamzade Yahya in the Iranian capital of Tehran.

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Prasetyo, Muhamad Awiet Wiedanto, Gustin Setyaningsih, Afilda Trisetya Riziana, Sabrina Uhti Kusreynada et Dhewanda Putro Laksono. « Pelatihan Aplikasi Anggaran Kerja Berbasis Website Guna Menentukan Rencana Kerja Anggaran Pembangunan Desa ». Jurnal Komunitas : Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 4, n^o 2 (31 janvier 2022) : 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/jks.v4i2.1874.

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The Village government and village instituions formulate a development program or Village Development Work Plan (RKPDes) as an elaboration of the Village Metium Term Plan (RJPMDes). In this case, determining development work in a village still has several problems because there is no common ground in what development plans should be prioritized. The village government still makes decisions by way of decliberation with the village absence of certain aspects to be taken into consideration. A mechanism for determining work programs in a village using a way of receiving proposals or aspirations from the community from the level of the neighbourhood unit then the next hamlet level at a village meeting. From the deliberation process there are still decisions because they do not consider the needs or benefits that will be obtained by the community. Starting with the collection of observation data, interviews and literature study. The head of the Amikom Mitra Masyarakat team conducted interviews with village heads and village officials to find out the problems that existed in the community, then sampled the community as interview respondents and obtained information on the mechanism for compiling a work plan and how to formulate these problems that could be solved with a touch of information technology. Then the team looked for references in the form of research and service journal literature with the theme of the Village Development Work Plan. The nest stage is for team members to prepare aplications to be socialized by the village head and village officials, the head of the BPD and its members, PKK, head of RT RW, Karang Taruna, Linmas and local community leaders

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Arastounia, M., et D. D. Lichti. « Segmentation of planar surfaces in LiDAR point clouds of an electrical substation by exploring the structure of points neighbourhood ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (5 juin 2014) : 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-55-2014.

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According to the Department of Energy of the USA, today’s electrical distribution system is 97.97% reliable. However, power outages and interruptions still impact many people. Many power outages are caused by animals coming into contact with the conductive elements of the electrical substations. This can be prevented by covering the conductive electrical objects with insulating materials. The design of these custom-built insulating covers requires a 3D as-built plan of the substation. This research aims to develop automated methods to create such a 3D as-built plan using terrestrial LiDAR data for which objects first need to be recognized in the LiDAR point clouds. This paper reports on the application of a new algorithm for the segmentation of planar surfaces found at electrical substations. The proposed approach is a region growing method that aggregates points based on their proximity to each other and their neighbourhood dispersion direction. PCA (principal components analysis) is also employed to segment planar surfaces in the electrical substation. In this research two different laser scanners, Leica HDS 6100 and Faro Focus3D, were utilized to scan an electrical substation in Airdrie, a city located in north of Calgary, Canada. In this research, three subsets incorporating one subset of Leica dataset with approximately 1.7 million points and two subsets of the Faro dataset with 587 and 79 thousand points were utilized. The performance of our proposed method is compared with the performance of PCA by performing check point analysis and investigation of computational speed. Both methods managed to detect a great proportion of planar points (about 70%). However, the proposed method slightly outperformed PCA. 95% of the points that were segmented by both methods as planar points did actually lie on a planar surface. This exhibits the high ability of both methods to identify planar points. The results also indicate that the computational speed of our method is superior to that of PCA by 50%. It is concluded that our proposed method achieves better results with higher computational speed than PCA in the segmentation of planar surfaces.

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Del Aguila, Mark. « Neighbourhood environment walkability and the independence of older people : A comment on the 30-year plan for greater Adelaide ». Australian Planner 57, n^o 3-4 (2 octobre 2021) : 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2021.2017993.

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