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1
Craig, Timothy G. « The Shanghai Cooperation Organization : origins and implications ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03sep%5FCraig.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2003.Thesis advisor(s): David S. Yost, Lyman Miller. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-61). Also available online.
2
Knowland, Elizabeth Jane. « Learning internationalism : NASA's shift from national security to international cooperation on the space station, 1980-1994 ». Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44328.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In 1980, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) made its first serious pitch to Congress in support of a permanently manned outpost in low earth orbit. Their initial case for the program’s necessity heavily relied on Cold War logics and military thinking, with international participation functioning as a mere afterthought. Although NASA and its foreign partners now flaunt the evidence of their successful cooperation, the internationalism inherent in the station’s current name and form was the result of station development, not the initial goal of NASA officials. Two major shifts defined NASA’s treatment of the space station over the course of its development. The first was a turn away from collaboration with the military. For previous projects, such as the space shuttle program, NASA had depended on military backing to justify the expense of human spaceflight to Congress. This military backing ensured that NASA’s interactions with international agencies remained shallow. The shift away from the military which occurred with the space station revealed the tension between NASA’s civilian nature and its military ties, and proved the turning point in NASA’s evolution into a truly civilian agency. Of all the international partners, Japan’s involvement was crucial to the changes which took place at NASA through the space station program as, in the moment of truth, Japan’s strident objections to the possibility of Pentagon contributions made military and international involvements incompatible. The second change was a transition towards more substantial international collaborations with foreign space agencies, which NASA increasingly saw as crucial to the success of the project and as a replacement for military backing before Congress. This paper argues that this increasing focus on the international aspects of the space station was driven by the cooling of the relationship between NASA and the military, which left NASA scrambling for funding and supporters for the space station. It was the domestic political situation, not a sense of internationalism, which compelled the internationalization of both the station and the agency.
3
Buechi, Niels O. « The future of Swiss foreign and security policy : increasing international cooperation is the key to national autonomy ». Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10749.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis thesis investigates the future development of Swiss foreign and security policy, particularly in the context of the continuing trend toward alliances and cooperative policymaking entities in and around Europe. It focuses on two main aspects: One is how international cooperation in general influences national autonomy and neutrality; the other is the specific impact of the Lisbon Treaty of the European Union on Swiss foreign, security, and defense policy. This twopillar structure informs the central question of this thesis, namely whether increasing international cooperation is the key to Swiss national autonomy and Switzerland's place in the international system of states. For outsiders, at first glance, this question and the whole approach may appear inherently contradictory. How can more or more extensive international cooperation lead to greater national autonomy in Swiss statecraft? It is the aim of this study to investigate and explain how cooperation in one political field can enhance and support autonomy in another political area. The thesis concludes by measuring the value of autonomy and develops some evolutionary options and models for future international cooperation. The final chapter provides an assessment of how much international cooperation is appropriate or recommended in light of the national and international consequences.
4
Mineiro, Michael. « The dilemma of national security and international cooperation in outer space : space technology trade and proliferation controls and their impact on global civil space cooperation ». Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103692.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this thesis space technology trade and proliferation controls are analyzed, focusing on two substantive issues that illustrate the challenges and opportunities of reform. The first substantive issue examined is the challenge of domestic law and policy reform in light of international regulatory divergence. This issue is examined through a case study of the U.S. commercial communication satellite export control regime. The second issue is the international implications of space technology trade and proliferation control on global civil space cooperation. The unifying demonstration of this doctoral thesis is that States operate in an international legal system that perpetuates a self-justified security dilemma whose basis originates in the sovereign legal right of States to produce, procure, and maintain space technologies of a military nature. As a result, the international legal system governing space technology trade and proliferation creates a tension between perceived national security needs and the benefits of global cooperation.Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude des contrôles du commerce et de la prolifération de la technologie spatiale. Elle se concentre sur deux questions majeures illustrant d'une part les défis que poseraient une future réforme et d'autre part les perspectives que cette dernière serait susceptible d'ouvrir. La première question examinée est le défi posé par une réforme de la politique et du droit interne au regard de la diversité de la règlementation internationale. Elle est abordée à travers une étude de cas portant sur le régime américain de contrôle des exportations de satellites de communication. La seconde question concerne les conséquences internationales induites par le contrôle du commerce et de la prolifération de la technologie spatiale sur la coopération spatiale civile mondiale. Cette thèse vise à démontrer que les Etats opèrent dans un système juridique international qui entretient un dilemme sécuritaire auto-justifié provenant du droit international des Etats à produire, acquérir et entretenir des technologies spatiales d'ordre militaire. Par conséquent, le système juridique international gouvernant le commerce et la prolifération de la technologie spatiale génère une tension entre les besoins de sécurité nationale tels qu'ils sont perçus et les bénéfices d'une coopération mondiale.
5
Ghaibi, Dhia Moslem Abd Alameer. « La protection pénale de la sécurité de l’information en Irak : Etude juridique au niveau national et international ». Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2D013.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La sécurité des technologies de l'information, de la communication (TIC) et la question de la cybercriminalité ont été préoccupantes pendant un certain temps. Ce n'est que dans le passé récent, que les gouvernements ont commencé à comprendre l'importance de la sécurité des TIC. La criminalité informatique, comme toute forme de criminalité, est difficile à chiffrer, la cybercriminalité pourrait constituer la forme de comportement criminel la moins déclarée puisque la victime ignore souvent qu’une infraction a même eu lieu. De plus l'insuffisance des solutions de cybersécurité ainsi que l'absence d'une compréhension commune font des difficultés juridiques à l'échelle nationale et internationale. Il est incertain que les normes du droit-commun, notamment celles du droit pénal, soient suffisantes, d’une part pour couvrir les besoins d’une politique pénale efficace et, d’autre part, la nécessité d’affronter la diversité des crimes et l’évolution continuelle de leurs moyens. L'Irak, comme certains pays, a subi des infractions des systèmes d'information. Mais comment l’Irak peut-il faire face aux questions de la cybercriminalité ? Les lois traditionnelles sont-elles suffisantes pour encadrer la cybersécurité? L’Irak a-t-il besoin de règles juridiques nouvelles ? À cet égard, l’apport du droit international s’avère important pour la lutte contre la cybercriminalité. Les conventions internationales en matière de cyber sécurité ainsi que la législation des pays pionniers dans ce domaine peuvent inspirer le législateur irakien. L’intérêt de ce sujet de recherche vise, à la lumière du droit international, à proposer une protection juridique efficace et de développer le cadre juridique irakien de la cybersécuritéThe security of information and communication technologies (ICT) and the issue of cybercrime has been a concern for some time. It is only in the recent past that governments have begun to understand the importance of ICT security. Computer crime, like any form of crime, is hard to quantify, and cybercrime may be the least reported form of criminal behavior since the victim often does not know that an offense has even occurred. In addition, the lack of cybersecurity solutions and the lack of common understanding make legal difficulties both nationally and internationally. It is doubtful that common law standards, including those of the criminal law, are sufficient, on the one hand to cover the needs of an effective criminal policy and, on the other hand, the need to deal with the diversity of crimes and the continual evolution of their means. Iraq, like some countries, has suffered information system breaches. But how can Iraq cope with the issues of cybercrime? Are traditional laws sufficient to frame cybersecurity? Does Iraq need new legal rules? In this respect, the contribution of international law is important for the fight against cybercrime. International cyber security conventions and pioneer legislation in this area can inspire the Iraqi legislator. The purpose of this research topic is, in the light of international law, to provide effective legal protection and to develop Iraq's legal framework for cybersecurity
6
Ntshabele, Clement Thapedi. « South Africa and the reform of the United Nations Security Council ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52457.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: After being sidelined for a number of years, South Africa finds itself readmitted to the international community. One of the many issues at stake now is the reform of the United Nations Security Council. This study looks at South Africa's aim to make substantial changes in the international system, with the Security Council being one of the target institutions. This is a mammoth task for South Africa and the study points out the challenges that go with engaging in this process. The study points out an element of ambiguity in South Africa's foreign policy and the challenges that go with making multilateralism a cornerstone of such a policy. While it is not yet clear as to whether South Africa will succeed in changing the behaviour of states and the practice of multilateral institutions, it is at the moment participating in debates that might lead to such changes. South Africa's participation in the Open Ended Working Committee on the reform of the United Nations Security Council constitutes one move among others to ensure a change in the practice of the Security Council. The limits of making multilateralism a cornerstone of foreign policy are outlined with the aim of making policy-makers aware of the implications of the broad scope of their ambiguous foreign policy. While it is necessary to avoid engaging in assignments that might be difficult to manage, the need for South Africa to focus only on what is achievable and not to try and punch above its weight is one aspect this paper emphasises. The paper ends by making recommendations, which include (among others) that South Africa should attempt to secure a seat in the reformed Security Council should such an opportunity arise, but only after a careful consideration of her abilities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Na jare van politieke isolasie is Suid-Afrika weer 'n volwaardige lid van die internasionale gemeenskap. Die hervorming van die Verenigde Nasies (VN) se Veiligheidsraad, het binne die konteks van buitelandse beleid, een van die land se vernaamste uitdagings geword. Hierdie studie plaas Suid-Afrika se hervormingspogings van die internasionale stelselonder die soeklig, en fokus veralop die rol van die VN Veiligheidsraad. Die omvang van dié proses kan nie onderskat word nie, en die studie poog om die vernaamste uitdagings van hierdie hervormings te identifiseer. Die opdrag poog om te wys op 'n mate van teenstrydigheid wat in Suid- Afrika se buitelandse beleid te bespeur is, asook die uitdagings verbonde aan die vestiging van multilaterale betrekkinge as hoeksteen van sodanige beleid. Hoewel daar nog nie duidelikheid bestaan oor die mate van sukses wat die land behaal het met betrekking tot die gedrag van state en die praktyk van multilaterale betrekkinge nie, neem dit tans deel aan debate wat mag lei tot beleidsverandering in hierdie velde. Suid-Afrika se deelname aan die VN Veiligheidraad se Ope Werkskonunittees, rakende die hervorming van hierdie liggaam, is een voorbeeld van die land se verbintenis tot die verandering van Veiligheidsraad praktyke. Die beperkings rakende mulilaterale betrekkinge, 'n steunpilaar van internasionale beleid, word uitgelig ten einde beleidsmakers bewus te maak van die omvattende aard van 'n dikwels, onduidelike, buitelandse beleid. Die opdrag benadruk die feit dat Suid-Afrika sal moet poog om slegs betrokke te raak in internasionale aksies wat binne sy vermoëns val. Dit word afgesluit met 'n aantal aanbevelings. Een hiervan is 'n pleidooi dat Suid-Afrika permanente lidmaatskap van die 'n hervormde Veiligheidsraad verkry indien die geleentheid dit voordoen. Sodanige deelname kan egter eers geskied na deeglike oorweging van die land se vermoës binne hierdie sfeer.
7
Dietz, Robert D. « Spatial competition, conflict and cooperation ». Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1058471128.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 268 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Adviser: Donald Haurin, Dept. of Economics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 256-268).
8
Hodgin, Gregory. « United Nations Peacekeeping and Non-State Actors : A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of the Conditions Required for Cooperation ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/political_science_theses/27.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper attempts to determine the theoretical requirements for a non-state actor to give peacekeepers to a Member state of the United Nations, who would in turn give those peacekeepers to the United Nations. The paper examines two case studies, specifically the contract between Blackwater and the United States Department of State and the SHIRBRIG series of treaties. The paper finds that there is some overlap between a Member state’s needs and a non-state actor’s needs and that there is a theoretical possibility of the donation stated above taking place.
9
Silva, Peterson Ferreira da. « A cooperação internacional em programas de produtos de defesa e seus atores : o caso Brasil e África do Sul no desenvolvimento do míssil A-Darter / ». Campinas : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96015.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: Shiguenoli MiyaotoBanca: Fernando Sarti
Banca: Paulo Cesar Souza Manduca
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"
Resumo: Este projeto de pesquisa tem como tema a cooperação internacional em programas de produtos de defesa no entorno estratégico brasileiro. O objeto de investigação é o caso delimitado pela dinâmica dos diversos atores, e seus respectivos interesses, envolvidos no desenvolvimento conjunto Brasil-África do Sul do míssil ar-ar A-Darter. O foco da investigação, à luz das Relações Internacionais, será a interação entre os principais atores do setor de defesa brasileiro em seus contextos específicos porém interdependentes, isto é, diplomático, militar, empresarial e no que tange à sua gestão. O período analisado compreende os primeiros contatos de alto-nível, realizados em 2003, e o primeiro disparo em voo bem sucedido do A-Darter, ocorrido em julho de 2010. Argumenta-se a necessidade de mecanismos claros e permanentes de coordenação entre os principais atores do setor de defesa brasileiro de forma a maximizar os benefícios desse tipo de cooperação
Abstract: The subject of this research project is the international cooperation on defence products programmes in the so-called Brazilian strategic interests area. The object of investigation is the dynamics and respective interests of the various players involved in the Brazil-South Africa joint development of the air-air missile A-Darter. Based on International Relations theory, this research project deals with the interaction among the main players at the Brazilian defence sector, regarding their specific as well as interdependent contexts, namely, diplomatic, military, business and managerial factors. The period of analysis includes the first high-level contacts, conducted in 2003, and the first successful launch of the A-Darter missile, dated of July 2010. It is argued that there is a need for clear mechanisms and permanent coordination among the key players in the Brazilian defence sector in order to maximize the benefits of such type of cooperation
Mestre
10
Silva, Peterson Ferreira da [UNESP]. « A cooperação internacional em programas de produtos de defesa e seus atores : o caso Brasil e África do Sul no desenvolvimento do míssil A-Darter ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96015.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2011-03-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:36:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
silva_pf_me_mar.pdf: 2890138 bytes, checksum: 61e5b9b830158c40ee4fd2ea2c1677c3 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Este projeto de pesquisa tem como tema a cooperação internacional em programas de produtos de defesa no entorno estratégico brasileiro. O objeto de investigação é o caso delimitado pela dinâmica dos diversos atores, e seus respectivos interesses, envolvidos no desenvolvimento conjunto Brasil-África do Sul do míssil ar-ar A-Darter. O foco da investigação, à luz das Relações Internacionais, será a interação entre os principais atores do setor de defesa brasileiro em seus contextos específicos porém interdependentes, isto é, diplomático, militar, empresarial e no que tange à sua gestão. O período analisado compreende os primeiros contatos de alto-nível, realizados em 2003, e o primeiro disparo em voo bem sucedido do A-Darter, ocorrido em julho de 2010. Argumenta-se a necessidade de mecanismos claros e permanentes de coordenação entre os principais atores do setor de defesa brasileiro de forma a maximizar os benefícios desse tipo de cooperação
The subject of this research project is the international cooperation on defence products programmes in the so-called Brazilian strategic interests area. The object of investigation is the dynamics and respective interests of the various players involved in the Brazil-South Africa joint development of the air-air missile A-Darter. Based on International Relations theory, this research project deals with the interaction among the main players at the Brazilian defence sector, regarding their specific as well as interdependent contexts, namely, diplomatic, military, business and managerial factors. The period of analysis includes the first high-level contacts, conducted in 2003, and the first successful launch of the A-Darter missile, dated of July 2010. It is argued that there is a need for clear mechanisms and permanent coordination among the key players in the Brazilian defence sector in order to maximize the benefits of such type of cooperation
11
Hagström, Christoffer. « Bushadministrationens syn på internationellt samarbete och internationell rätt samt politisk-teoretiska tanketraditioners inverkan på administrationens utrikespolitik ». Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2100.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Essay in Political Science, Advanced Course, by Christoffer Hagström
“The Bush Administration´s view on international cooperation and international
law and political-theoretical traditions influence on the administration´s foreign
policy”
Supervisor: Jan Olsson
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the American foreign policy, particularly with regard to
international cooperation and international law. The two following research-questions are used in
order to fulfil the purpose: (1) what is the Bush-administrations´s view of of the place for
international cooperation and international law in American foreign policy?, and (2) how does the
administration´s foreign policy correspond to dominant political-theoretical thought-traditions? The
traditions used are: liberalism, realism and neoconservatism. The sources of the study mostly
include literature and policy-documents. The author conducts qualitative and quantitative content
analysis of the Bush-administration´s policy document National Security Strategy of the United
States from March 2006. First the document is summarized based on different criteria followed by
categorizations of ideas connected with realism, liberalism and neoconservatism in the document. In
the quantative analysis value-words that are appropriate for the various traditions is chosen. The
frequency of those words can be seen as indications of the influence of the traditions in the thoughts
of the Bush-administration, but is mostly seen as a complement to the qualtative analysis. The main
conclusions of the paper are that the Bush-administration most often wish to act according to
international law and to cooperate with other actors internationally in the long run, it may even be
necessary. In the short run however, it may act outside the parameters of international organizations
and international law in order to accomplish foreign policy-goals. Matters related to the security of
the American state and people is considered much more important than international cooperation
and law. Liberalism seems to be the tradition that has most affected the Bush-administration´s
foreign policy. It is followed shortly thereafter by realism and neoconservatism seems to have had
the least influence on the the thought-traditions. All of the them has been active in the making of the
foreign policy.
12
Gruici, Simona. « International Security : Crossing Borders : International Migration and National Security ». Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15242.
Texte intégralRésumé :
One of the most dynamic events of our time is the large extent of population movements within and across national boundaries. The causes of this movement of people include economic hardship due to various natural calamities such as earthquakes, droughts, famine and floods, as well as economic hardship due to lack of income. Political instabilities represent a central factor that is forcing the population movements at both national and international level. In most of the cases, reality is beeing perceived as follows: if international security is enhanced, so is national security. However, the phenomenon of migration is perceived as being a greater challenge in the field of security towards failure states, rather than it might affect any welfare postindustrial states. Nowadays we are facing a more globalized security environment, fact that is actually providing other states with the possibility to create a better security for their own nations. In order to gain this security immunity, the states should be able to enforce and protect the migration policies within international security. The relationship between migration and security became increasingly complex in the new millennium. As it follows, the focus of this theme is the correlation between migration´s consequences, both positive and negative, towards national security of host states. Furthermore, the topic of this paper is extending over ´what terrorism implies´. In order to reach a clear understanding, it has been analyzed the phenomenon of globalization and its forthcoming implications within both terrorism and migration. As a result of this transformation, terrorism has the power now to threat much more countries in the global area. Nevertheless, the purpose of this thesis is to examine which factors have an impact on international security, within a continental similarity. The central focus reflects over the Euro-Mediterranean area and to certain extends over the United States. The considered factors are: migration, loss/gain of governmental control, the political reaction after the attack of 9/11, spread of democracy (e.g. globalization), and creating citizenship.
13
Klykova, Ekaterina. « Security in International Relations : International cooperation to prevent non-states threats ». Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197216.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis is focusing on the analysis of the situation in Syria in the period since 2011 till present times. First part will present main theoretical thoughts on the international security such as Realist school, Liberalist school, Human and Collective security concepts and the most modern theoretical school of security- Copenhagen school. That was done in case to have a clear notion of the international security development and to chose the one theory which will reflect the best the situation in Syria. In the practical part I analyzing the actions and inter actions of the main international security actors, such as United Nations plus important actors in the region of the Middle East -- Arab League, and of course Syrian government and opposition. Also I will try to apply Copenhagen school of Security on the Syrian situation and to find out if that theory is good or not for that kind of analysis. After browsing actions taken by actors and opposition in the conclusion I found out that nowadays international security system cannot be called very successful and that Copenhagen school of Security its good explanatory theory but it pretty useless in case of conflict resolution.
14
Oswald, Mace J. « Ukraine's relations with Russia competition or cooperation ? » Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/02Dec%5FOswald.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in International Security and Civil-Military Relations)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.Thesis Advisor(s): Jeff Knopf, Mikhail Tsypkin. "December 2002." Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-120). Also available in print.
15
Burkett, Jeffrey W. « Opening the Mexican door : continental defense cooperation ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FBurkett.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005.Thesis Advisor(s): Harold Trinkunas. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-62). Also available online.
16
Allafi, Mousa. « La cour pénale internationale et le conseil de sécurité : justice versus maintien de l'ordre ». Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR1002/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le système de la Cour pénale internationale (CPI), dont la mission est d’assurer la justice internationale, repose sur un lien étroit avec le Conseil de sécurité. Il convient donc de s’interroger sur le rôle du Conseil dans le fonctionnement de la justice pénale internationale. Cette question est fondamentale, car l'intervention d'un organe politique dans l’activité d’un organe judiciaire remet en cause les missions de chacune de ces institutions. L’intrusion du Conseil dans l’activité de la CPI, basée sur sa mission de maintien de la paix, est en fait établie au nom d’un ordre international voulu par le Conseil lui-même. Ce rôle affecte le fonctionnement, l’indépendance et même l’impartialité de la Cour. Les pouvoirs que le Statut de Rome confère au Conseil, lui permettent en effet de saisir la CPI, d’imposer aux Etats de coopérer avec la Cour, de suspendre son activité ou encore de qualifier un acte, de crime d’agression. Cependant, les rapports entre le Conseil et la CPI ne devraient pas être subordonnés, mais entretenus dans le respect mutuel, ainsi une véritable crainte existe concernant le respect du Conseil envers le Statut de Rome. L’étude met en évidence le conflit entre justice et politique et révèle les enjeux actuels en termes de justice pénale internationaleThe international criminal Court system (ICC) whose mission is to ensure international justice, is based on a close relationship with the security Council. So it is proper to wonder about the Council’s role in the functioning of international criminal justice. Such a questionning is fundamental, for the intervention of a political body into the functioning of a judicial body calls into question the missions of both institutions. The Council’s interference in the activity of the ICC, based on its mission of maintaining international peace, is actually carried out on behalf of an international order intended by the Council itself. This role affects the functioning, the independence and even the impartiality of the ICC. The powers the Rome Statute gives to the Council allow it to refer to the ICC, to impose for the States to cooperate with the Court, to suspend its activity or also to qualify an act as a crime of aggression. However the relations between the Council and the ICC should not be subordinated, but maintained in mutual respect. Thus there is a real concern regarding the observance of the Rome Statute by the Council. The study highlights the conflict between justice and politics and reveals the current issues in terms of international criminal justice
17
Febrica, Senia. « Explaining Indonesia's participation in maritime security cooperation ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5429/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Indonesia’s cooperation in maritime security initiatives is vitally important because half of the world’s trading goods and oil pass through Indonesian waters including the Straits of Malacca, the Strait of Sunda and the Strait of Lombok. Consequently, Indonesia’s active engagement in maritime cooperation is a matter of some import for the international community. However, Indonesia’s varying participation across maritime cooperation arrangements is puzzling. Indonesia has joined some of these cooperation initiatives and opted out of others despite the presence of United States leadership. This thesis addresses this puzzle by carrying out a comparative analysis of 26 cooperation arrangements using government documents and elite interviews in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and New York. In addition to addressing an empirical puzzle, this thesis also contributes to the theoretical debate on international cooperation. The International Relations literature on cooperation tends to focus on great power bargaining. Whether, why and how middle powers decide to join international initiatives over which they have little influence has been overlooked. The implication of this study suggests that neither the calculation of relative gains as argued by neorealists, the constructivist expectation regarding the importance of shared identity, the neorealist or the neoliberal argument on the role of hegemonic leadership nor the bureaucratic politics approach emphasis on competing government actors’ preferences can explain the variation in Indonesia’s engagement with cooperation initiatives. I argue that Indonesia’s decision to cooperate is formed by the calculation of absolute gains. Indonesia cooperated as long as the benefits of cooperation exceeded the costs.
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Rafferty, Kirsten. « Alliances as institutions : persistence and disintegration in security cooperation ». Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37818.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Since the end of the Cold War, the central puzzle of alliance theory is no longer why or how do alliances form, but (1) why do some alliances persist beyond the conditions in which they were created and (2) of these, why do some evolve in new directions ? Traditional realist scholarship cannot account for the persistence or evolution of military alliances when threats recede. This dissertation devises a model of alliance institutionalization and norm formation to explain and predict these processes.When multidimensional threats exist, states facing a common threat ally, but they formalize and institutionalize the alliance so it can better manage multiple threats. Institutionalization encourages conditions conducive to persistence and evolution in two ways. First, by facilitating consultation and cooperation, it increases transparency, improves the performance of the alliance, and makes it costly for allies to renounce commitments or otherwise abandon one another. Second, institutions foster norms that in turn induce a form of attachment, or "loyalty" to the institution.
The strength of the norms embodied in the alliance and the allies' assessment of performance determine the behavior of institutionalized alliances. The alliance persists unaltered when performance is satisfactory, but norms are weak. It evolves, or expands its purpose and activities, when satisfactory performance combines with strong constitutive norms. Erosion occurs when strong norms encourage allies to salvage a poorly functioning alliance by curtailing its scope. Dissolution takes place when unsatisfactory performance and weak norms fail to prevent exit.
The most significant findings of this dissertation are that given institutionalization and norms, states do not exit an alliance immediately following a significant alteration in the strategic context or a decline in performance, but they try to preserve it. Only when these efforts fail will they curtail or dissolve the relationship. The dissertation tests the model by engaging in a comparative analysis of Cold War institutionalized alliances: the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Warsaw Pact, the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, and the Australia, New Zealand, and U.S. alliance. Therefore, policy makers should not assume that evolving institutionalized alliances are adversarial or rush to respond with destabilizing counter alliances and, to minimize the possibility of conflict, allies engaging in evolution must clearly communicate their objectives to non-participants.
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Nazarenko, Dmytro, et Danylo Vynohradov. « International cooperation in the cyber security field in Ukraine ». Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/51000.
Texte intégralRésumé :
1. Convention on Cybercrime [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_on_Cybercrime
2. Cybersecurity indicators [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://ncsi.ega.ee/country/ua/495/#detailsCybersecurity is a priority topic for all states and Ukraine is no exception. With the development of technology, the number of cybercrimes has increased, according to experts, over the past few years, the total losses from cyberattacks were $ 4 trillion. The priority issue is the creation of a solid security system for the transfer, processing and storage of data between countries of the world.
Кібербезпека є пріоритетною темою для всіх держав, і Україна не є винятком. З розвитком технологій кількість кіберзлочинів зросла, за оцінками експертів, за останні кілька років загальні збитки від кібератак склали 4 трлн дол. Пріоритетним питанням є створення надійної системи безпеки для передачі, обробки та зберігання даних між країнами світу.
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Ito, Takako Carleton University Dissertation International Affairs. « International regime theory and security cooperation in East Asia ». Ottawa, 1988.
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21
Hess, Martin Christopher. « The Australian Federal Police as an International Actor : Diplomacy by Default ». Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144278.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Under traditional International relations theory, diplomacy
relates to relations between sovereign nations. There have been
two broad schools of thought on the dynamics behind these
relations: the ‘realist’ school, which tends to consider
power and conflict as the major lens through which such should be
viewed, and the ‘idealist’ school which tended to focus on
cooperation rather than conflict. Between these two extreme
views, a third school, the English School of International
Relations, also known as the British Institutionalists, provides
somewhat of a compromise view, acknowledging the merit of both
realism and idealism, by accepting that power remains an
important element but also advocating that acceptance of common
norms and institutions plays a significant role in determining
relations, or the International Society between states.
In 1977 Hedley Bull offered the following definition of
International Society when he stated that International Society
… exists when a group of states, conscious of certain common
interests and common values, form a society in the sense that
they conceive themselves to be bound by a common set of rules in
their relations with one another, and share in the working of
common institutions.
This thesis is not specifically related to International
Relations theory, which deals with inter-state relations. Whilst
inter-state conflict and international relations remain important
drivers of foreign and military policy, there is a growing
recognition that it is intra-state conflict avoidance and
post-conflict reconstruction which increasingly mitigate the risk
to the safety, security, peace and prosperity of nations and
regions. Much of this disquiet has its roots in
maladministration, poor governance and a lack of justice. These
are areas in which traditional approaches to foreign intervention
via trade, aid and military force have limited effect, and in
which effective consent-based policing and justice can play a
significant part in building sustainable and peaceful outcomes.
This thesis discusses the role played by a non-traditional actor
in the international arena, the police, specifically the
Australian Federal Police (AFP), in addressing some of these
intra-state justice and governance issues in a constantly
changing, unstable and unpredictable global and regional
environment. The thesis is intended to outline the diversity and
versatility of AFP activities and to contextualise them in terms
of non-traditional New Diplomacy. The aspects of diplomacy of
most significance relate to diplomatic qualities or traits of the
individual police officer, diplomatic behaviours of these
members, and diplomatic outcomes of their activities. As such
the thesis does not relate directly to International Relations
theory or to International Society, as espoused by Hedley Bull.
There are, however, some interesting intersections which are
worthy of note. There are some critics of the English School who
argue that it is Eurocentric. Today’s International Relations
originated in the 19th century when a number of European nations
formed a club of ‘civilised’ states bound by international
law, which expanded around the globe to involve all nations. This
concept has been used to explain the lack of imperative for a
supra-state or world government to maintain orderly inter-state
relations, as the force which binds them is consent to agree to
common interest and values within a global rules-based order.
In terms of policing on an international scale, global government
is simply too unwieldy. There are a number of global,
consent-based institutions such as the United Nations and
INTERPOL, which fulfil this requirement to a certain extent. The
AFP has had long involvement with both of these global
institutions, as well as several regional policing institutions.
In terms of conflict-oriented ‘realism’ and cooperative
‘idealism’, policing walks both sides of the street. As this
thesis will discuss, the whole posture of liberal-democratic
policing is conflict prevention, and the means by which such
police carry out their daily duties is by cooperation. This is
the context in which replication or expansion of International
Society should be considered in relation to the activities of the
AFP internationally and regionally.
This thesis is by definition Eurocentric, or more specifically
Anglo-centric, due to the historical fact that the AFP draws all
of its principles from Australia’s British antecedents and
adheres to a largely ‘western’ or European notion of human
rights values.
This thesis explores the role of the AFP as an international
actor. The thesis asserts that effective international policing
has never been more important in linking the international with
the domestic. The way the AFP operates in a landscape where
traditional policing paradigms are rapidly changing, due to
ever-changing, political, diplomatic, and transnational issues,
is examined in the context of the ‘globalisation paradox’, of
both needing and fearing, global governance simultaneously, as
raised by Anne-Marie Slaughter in her book, A New World Order.
The way the organisation has evolved from its origins, based on
Western liberal-democratic policing values, approaches and
skills, to an organisation involved in international policing and
diplomacy at the highest levels, while still retaining its
liberal-democratic credentials is explained. It is argued that in
the contemporary international and Australian context, the AFP is
an effective and experienced agency. It is further argued that
this is a distinctive form of new diplomacy, appropriate to an
increasingly globalised world.
The AFP has established an extensive international network in
more than 30 countries, has been a consistent contributor to
national security, has participated in numerous international
deployments over half a century, and continues to play a
meaningful role in Australian foreign policy efforts. The thesis
provides evidence to show how AFP officers exhibit diplomatic
qualities similar to those listed by Daryl Copeland in his book
Guerrilla Diplomacy , as well as those mentioned by Christopher
Meyer in his book Getting Our Way.
In all of its international endeavours, AFP members have
demonstrated, in varying degrees, the three enduring elements of
diplomacy as outlined by Jonsson and Hall in their book The
Essence of Diplomacy. They have communicated and negotiated in
some very challenging circumstances and they are representatives
of the Australian Government and its humanitarian values. The
AFP, as part of broader efforts with institutions such as the UN,
have not so much sought a replication of international society,
as mentioned by Jonsson and Hall, but have provided a supplement
to international society, by effective networking, thereby
addressing in large part, Slaughter’s ‘globalisation
paradox’. It is not so much universal police homogeneity which
is sought by such endeavours, as a balance between it, and the
heterogeneity which is inevitably associated with cultures
transitioning from custom and tradition, to 21st century
expectations of nationhood. The way the AFP’s transnational
operations, activities, and deployments, not only serve perceived
national interests, but result in more effective regional
governance, is identified as ‘diplomacy by default’, because
formal Track I diplomacy is not their primary objective. It will
be demonstrated how international diplomacy, while generally
conducted with perceived national interests as its primary goal,
has a secondary benefit, good international citizenship, and that
the AFP has a credible history of serving both.
It is argued that the AFP is well positioned within government,
law and intelligence and security circles, in the Australian and
international contexts, through an extensive liaison officer
network in South-East Asia, the South-West Pacific as well as
more broadly. It will be demonstrated how the AFP has shown
itself as capable and ready to respond effectively to extant and
emerging challenges, and as such, has earned a place in foreign
policy discussions and considerations at the highest diplomatic
levels, including the UN. The AFP provides a distinctive and
direct link between the global, the regional, and the domestic,
which matches the rapidly globalised community it represents. The
thesis confirms that international policing acts as a distinctive
aspect of Australian ‘firm’ diplomacy, and supplements the
more traditional elements of international engagement, between
the ‘soft’ or traditional diplomacy, and the ‘hard’ form
of military intervention. The evidence provided shows how it is
by this form of whole-of-government activity, inclusive of
policing, that stability and security are enhanced, and peace and
prosperity are encouraged. Overall, the thesis affirms the AFP as
a transnational agency, which is well placed to link the
international with the domestic, the contextual with the
aspirational, and the theoretical with the practical, in a period
of strategic uncertainty in international affairs at the dawn of
the Third Millennium.
22
Choi, Yunmi. « UN-EU cooperation in international peace and security : the driving force behind peacekeeping cooperation ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9720.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In recent years, cooperation between the UN and the EU in the realm of international peacekeeping has gone through major changes, including the remarkable achievement of a ‘Joint Declaration on UN-EU Cooperation in Crisis Management’ through which both organisations promised their primary role and responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Although the EU has reiterated its commitment to play a decisive role as a reliable peacekeeping actor within the UN framework, the decision of the EU to not always engage in international peacekeeping operations alongside the UN is puzzling. The aim of this dissertation is to examine the major driving forces behind decision-making which may determine the likelihood of EU cooperation with the UN in international peacekeeping, by asking: ‘under what condition do EU Member States lead UN-related peacekeeping operations?’ Using a revised two-level game approach, this thesis identifies the most important chief negotiators involved in negotiations, and analyses the dynamics of decision-making between the UN and the EU on the issue of international peacekeeping at two different levels: international UN level and domestic EU level. Variables and conditions under which chief negotiator(s) are more likely to provide active leadership to drive the EU to decide to engage in a peacekeeping operation are investigated with insights from two prominent IR theories; realist and social constructivist theories. Hypotheses drawn from each theory and the roles of chief negotiators are examined in each of three cases selected: Operation Artemis (2003), EUFOR RD Congo (2006), and EUFOR Tchad/RCA (2007). With the key research outcomes from a comparative analysis of the three case studies, the thesis aims to contribute to comprehensive debates on the role of the EU as a promising partner of the UN in international peacekeeping.
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Ricci, James Benjamin. « The State, International Society, and Infectious Diseases : Emerging security threats and international cooperation ». Thesis, University of Kent, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504663.
Texte intégral
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Dukat, Robert J. « Japanese technology and U.S. national security ». Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA246575.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Olsen, Edward. Second Reader: Looney, Robert. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 30, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): International Trade, Western Security (International), United States, Critical Technology, Asia-Pacific Region, Theses. Author(s) subject terms: Japanese Technologly, U.S. National Security, U.S.-Japan Relations, U.S. Foreign Policy, U.S. Economic Policy, U.S. Technological Policy, Japanese Economic Policy, Japanese Foreign Policy, Japanese Governmental Policy, U.S.-Japan Trade, U.S. Trade Problems, U.S. Defense Policy, U.S. Industrial Policy. Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-156). Also available in print.
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Hightower, Rudolph L. II. « National Security Policy Complexity : An Analysis of U.S. Defense Security Cooperation Program Effects on Political Terror ». The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1512058156407646.
Texte intégral
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Muller, Christopher W. « USMILGP Colombia transforming security cooperation in the Global War on Terrorism ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FMuller.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Douglas Porch. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-94). Also available in print.
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Zilbauer, Matthias. « Determinants of international environmental cooperation does national ENGO strength foster a country's international environmental commitment ? / ». [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB12168080.
Texte intégral
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Allen, Keith W. « Future of the U.S.-Japan security alliance : foundation for a multilateral security regime in Asia ? / ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FAllen.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Edward A. Olsen, Gaye Christoffersen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-119). Also available online.
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Dolatyar, Mostafa. « Water politics in the Middle East : a context for conflict or cooperation ? » Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245084.
Texte intégral
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Klenke, Carsten. « Japan's comprehensive National Security and the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy convergence towards global cooperation ? / ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA380827.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2000.Thesis advisor(s): Olsen, Edward A. ; Abenheim, Donald. "June 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-101). Also available online.
31
Cáceres-Solari, Andrés H. « Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines security cooperation in the Celebes Sea ». Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA483611.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Southeast Asia))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Malley, Michael S. ; Looney, Robert E. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 25, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-67). Also available in print.
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Thompson, Beth A. « European Security Development : From Maastricht to Bosnia ». Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1339603623.
Texte intégral
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Mukhamedov, Igor. « The domestic, regional and global security stakes in Kazakhstan ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FMukhamedov.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2004.Thesis advisor(s): Donald Abenheim, Roger McDermott. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-60). Also available online.
34
Bowen, Andrew. « Syrian-American relations, 1973-1977 : a study of security cooperation in regional conflicts ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/900/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The United States, a great power, and Syria, a small state, have both been at the heart of the politics of the Middle East since the end of World War II. The systemic conditions of the international system and the shifting politics of the region brought these states into contact and, at times, confrontation, but these interactions never produced a sustained period of security cooperation. By the beginning of the 1970s, both states had begun to reconsider and reshape their positions in the region. The period from 1973 to 1977 produced a rare period of cooperation between these two states in the case of two regional conflicts: the Arab–Israeli conflict and the Lebanese Civil War. To understand that shift in relations, this thesis explores the question: What accounts for the security cooperation between Syria and the US during this period? This thesis makes four observations: first, as results of changes in both states’ leaderships, realpolitik, alongside ideational considerations, became more pronounced in both states’ conceptions of their security environment in the Middle East and their relations with one another. Second, while the Cold War was the predominant context for the US’s interactions with Syria at the start of the 1970s, interactions between the US and Syria were also shaped by local conditions that emerged after the October War. Third, both states, distrustful of the other’s intentions, formed temporary alliances based on short-term common interests. Finally, the regional conflicts themselves introduced circumstances that both strengthened and weakened their security cooperation. While their security cooperation achieved limited results, their relations established a framework for these two states’ subsequent relations. The unresolved issues that emerged from this period of their relations served as the main context for their cooperation and conflict in the following decades, even after the death of Hafiz al-Asad in 2000.
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Lewis, Olivier Rémy Tristan David. « Explaining military, law enforcement and intelligence cooperation between Western states ». Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16419.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis answers the question “Why does security cooperation occur between Western states?”. The basic answer is: “Because most state actors do not want their states to integrate”. In other words, cooperation occurs as a coping mechanism, as an imperfect substitute for integration. But the thesis does not only investigate the reasons for cooperation, what Aristotle called the final cause. The thesis also examines the material, formal and efficient causes of cooperation. Such an unorthodox causal explanation of cooperation is based on a Critical Realist philosophy of social science. The application of this philosophy to the empirical study of International Relation is rare, making this thesis original. Beyond the philosophy of social science, the thesis' research design, many of the cases, and much of the data are also rarely used. The research design is an embedded multiple-case study. The states studied are the United States of America, France and Luxembourg. Within each state, the embedded subcases are three types of state security organisations: the armed forces, law enforcement and intelligence agencies. Rarely have these three types of security organisations been compared. Similarly, Luxembourg is seldom studied. Comparing different types of states and different types of state security organisations has not only allowed the main research question to be answered. It has also allowed temporal, spatial, national, and functional variation in cooperation to be identified and theorised. The empirical evidence studied includes participant observation (at the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) and documents (e.g. state policy documents, annual reports by organisations, reports by parliaments and non-governmental organisations, autobiographies, books by investigative journalists, articles by newspapers and magazines). The thesis is also based on a score of elite interviews (e.g. with ambassadors, diplomatic liaisons, ministerial advisors, foreign ministry officers, military commanders, etc.), and the careful study of both declassified and classified archival records.
36
Dashtseren, Dashdavaa. « Border protection and national security of Mongolia ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA456961.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Defense Decision Making and Planning))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Thomas C. Bruneau. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-89). Also available in print.
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Xue, Guifang. « China's response to international fisheries law and policy national action and regional cooperation / ». Access electronically, 2004. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/369.
Texte intégral
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Cordell, Rebecca. « Did 9/11 change everything ? : security and human rights trade-offs in international cooperation ». Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/20607/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Under what conditions are states more likely to trade-off human rights when cooperating on sensitive areas of international security? We now know that during the post-9/11 period, a number of countries have cooperated with the United States of America on a range of controversial security matters. The clandestine nature of counterterrorism cooperation makes it difficult to study the causes and dynamics of trading off security and human rights in international politics directly. However, one example of these post-9/11 practices (extraordinary rendition) has the advantage of being observable (ex-post), as we can analyse detainee testimony and suspected extraordinary rendition flight paths using publicly available data. This thesis capitalizes on an opportunity to provide theoretically driven and empirically testable answers to questions on the causes and consequences of contentious forms of international security cooperation. What influenced more than a quarter of the world’s countries to participate in rendition, secret detention and interrogation operations during the post-9/11 period? What explains the variation in the political costs of participation in the post-9/11 Central Intelligence Agency extraordinary rendition, secret detention and interrogation programme? This dissertation focuses on the tension between common and conflicting interests among states and between parties and voters to answer these questions. This thesis provides a substantive contribution to international relations literature by suggesting both which countries are more likely to tradeoff human rights and cooperate with one another on contentious security issues and which domestic environments are most likely to generate the greatest political costs for getting caught. The main findings from this thesis have important policy implications and provide academics and advocacy researchers with new tools for detecting human rights violations and holding states to account where previous efforts have failed due to a lack of evidence.
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Ukubiala, Julyette Uruakanwa. « The South Atlantic as a zone of peace and cooperation : problems ». Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266177.
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Vaynman, Jane Eugenia. « Enemies in Agreement : Domestic Politics, Uncertainty, and Cooperation between Adversaries ». Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13070027.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Adversarial agreements, such as the nuclear weapons treaties, disarmament zones, or conventional weapons limitations, vary considerably in the information sharing provisions they include. This dissertation investigates why adversarial states sometimes choose to cooperate by creating restraining institutions, and how their choices for the form of that cooperation are constrained and motivated.
I argue that uncertainties arising out of domestic political volatility, which includes leadership changes or public unrest, make arms control agreements more likely because these moments create the possibility of foreign policy change. When states consider one another as relatively cooperative, increasing uncertainty about the adversary's security incentives leads them to hedge and pursue low monitoring agreements instead of relying on informal cooperation. Conversely, under highly competitive conditions, increased uncertainty makes states more willing risk cooperation and form agreements with intrusive information provisions where no agreements were previously possible.
I show support for the theory through tests using an original data set of all adversarial cooperation agreements (1816-2007) and their provisions. Controlling for other determinants of arms control, I show that both types of domestic political volatility contribute to a higher likelihood of an agreement. As expected, the effect of volatility on types of information provisions is conditional on the prior relationship between the states. A detailed study of the Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty (US-Soviet Union, 1987) traces how shifts created by Gorbachev's new leadership contributed to greater uncertainty among US policymakers about Soviet intentions, giving both sides the negotiating space to design an intrusively monitored treaty. I then demonstrate the generalizability of the theory across a wider range of cases by looking at the effects of domestic volatility on agreement outcomes for adversaries experiencing détente; for those engaged in post-conflict competition, and for asymmetric powers negotiating new weapons limitation.Government
41
Hickey, Stephen J. « United States strategy toward China after a peaceful Taiwan Strait resolution ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Dec%5FHickey.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2005.Thesis Advisor(s): H. Lyman Miller, Edward A. Olsen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-85). Also available online.
42
Kennelly, Kevin G. « The role of NATO and the EU in resolving frozen conflicts ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Dec%5FKennelly.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s):Mikhail Tsypkin, Donald Abenheim. "December 2006". Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-98). Also available in print.
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Rahn, Daniel R. « Unlocking Indian maritime strategy ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FRahn.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Daniel Moran. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-88). Also available in print.
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Reinhard, Scott W. « Joint strike fighter across the Atlantic : to unify or divide ? / ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FReinhard.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Donald Abenheim. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-120). Also available in print.
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Mastapeter, Craig W. « The instruments of national power achieving the strategic advantage in a changing world / ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FMastapeter.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Bellavita, Christopher. "December 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 28, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 277-300). Also available in print.
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Babos, Tibor, et Linda M. Royer. « The role of the Partnership for Peace Program and the State Partnership Program in the process of NATO enlargement : the case of the Hungarian-Ohio cooperation ». Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1034.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The end of the Cold War created new challenges and opportunities for European Security. The power vacuum that was left by the disappearance of the Warsaw Pact needed to be addressed quickly and pragmatically to ensure the democratization of the former Eastern Block nations. Also, recent developments in World Security such as increased Terrorism and Military Operations Other Than War have forced NATO and other Transatlantic Security Institutions to adapt to a new way of thinking, operating and cooperating. This thesis identifies some of the most recent political and security procedures of NATO, other various Transatlantic Security Institutions and the National Guard State Partnership Program to aide these nascent democracies. This thesis focuses on Hungary.s successful experience of obtaining NATO membership via the Partnership for Peace Programme and State Partnership Program as a case-study.Approved for public release; distribution unlimited
Major, Ohio Air National Guard
Major, Hungarian Army
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Strausz, Michael. « Cetaceans and citizens : international norms and debates about national identity in Japan / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10765.
Texte intégral
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Hill, Robin Edward. « Problems of international cooperation to improve standards of aviation security with reference to the passenger ». Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15165.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Crimes of violence involving civil aviation interests and airline passengers have developed and diversified since their original perpetration in the 1930s. Intergovernmental cooperative efforts to suppress the offences have largely been based upon international legal, administrative activities, with the intention of producing a near-global, standardised regime of norms concerning the apprehension, extradition, prosecution and punishment of persons responsible for acts of aviation hijacking, sabotage and airport attack. While the suppressive dualities of the regime have been demonstrated in terms of common air crimes, the internationally recognised norms have had little effect in countering the act ions of fanatical offenders motivated by political aims. While concentrating upon law-based policy options premised on the notion of deterrence, governments have failed fully to recognise a pressing need for preventive activities to be improved as a principal component of crime suppression machinery. With terrorist weaponry and abilities becoming increasingly sophisticated, with most available aviation security staff and apparatus being unreliable in processes of detection and with the civil aviation market expanding rapidly, imprecise and unenforced state-imposed standards of aviation security require radical and global upgrading - an expensive and politically difficult option for most governments to consider. Proposals for intergovernmental security development schemes need urgent consideration, with passenger-financed options offering some practical solutions to otherwise potentially insoluble problems. Ultimately, prospects of advancement must depend upon the political will of major governments, which continue to regard the integrity of aviation security systems as a low priority for global standardisation.
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Kanchana, Kamonphorn. « Studies on Energy Security and International Relations : The Case of Regional Cooperation in Southeast Asia ». Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215646.
Texte intégral
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Jansky, Vlastimil. « Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe : past, present and future missions ». Thesis, Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2211.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Approved for public release, distribution is unlimitedThis thesis examines the role of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) among organizations dealing with security issues, such as the United Nations, the European Union, and NATO. This study further analyzes the OSCE commitments in the fields of human rights, democracy, rule of law, and national minorities. This analysis is performed in order to promote the OSCE to a broader public. The thesis further analyzes and describes the origins of the Conference for Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) and its development since 1975, when the Helsinki Final Act was signed by the Heads of State or Government of all participating States. The development of the international situation in Europe, the end of Cold War, and escalation of violence, especially in South Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia, caused fundamental changes in the European, and subsequently, the world security environment. The CSCE identified and responded to this new situation, resulting in a dramatic growth of its own role in shaping a common security area. Consequently, the CSCE changed its name to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. However, some critics think that OSCE is a "dead" organization, lacking tangible results and the necessary "teeth." It is necessary to review the main ideas why the CSCE was established and to properly identify the role of the OSCE in the European Security Architecture. Therefore, the main part of the thesis focuses on the European Security Architecture, the OSCE itself, and the OSCE missions, three of which are detailed and evaluated as case studies.
Lieutenant Colonel, Czech Republic Army