Bibliographies thématiques / Municipal finance, Germany: Prussia

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Municipal finance, Germany: Prussia »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 25 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Municipal finance, Germany: Prussia"

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Kruszewski, Tomasz. « Wpływ zmian ustrojowych w Niemczech po I wojnie światowej na skład osobowy sejmów prowincjonalnych na Śląsku ». Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 17, no 3 (24 janvier 2020) : 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1869.

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The author presents the rules of suffrage that were binding in Zweites Reich (The Second Reich), that is the German Empire, during elections to provincial self-government in Prussia and then compares them with the new election law implemented in the Weimar Republic (Weimarer Republik). In this way it is possible to establish the degree of potential changes that influenced the personal composition of provincial parliaments. Upon the analysis of the given lists of deputies it clearly follows that a revolution took place in Germany in November 1918: up to that time the Members of Parliament had represented the elites of the Second Reich, recruiting from, among others, aristocrats, the nobility, state administration officials, municipal elites, high mayors, mayors, other officials of municipal councils and industrialist elites. The majority of these people in Weimar Republic were replaced by party activists, which resulted from the new electoral law.
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Brand, Stephan, et Johannes Salzgeber. « Kommunalfinanzen in Zeiten steigender Zinsen ». Wirtschaftsdienst 103, no 1 (1 janvier 2023) : 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/wd-2023-0017.

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Abstract Rising interest rates will impact municipal budgets in Germany by increasing the cost of loans and making it more difficult to finance necessary investments in infrastructure and transformation. While most municipalities should have sufficient leeway to deal with higher interest rates, highly indebted municipalities may be strongly affected by rising interest rates. In these municipalities, interest costs are increasing strongly, budgetary margins are narrower anyway, and these municipalities are more dependent on loans to finance their investments. Rising interest rates thus once again reveal the unresolved and fundamental challenges for the municipal financial system in Germany.
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Will, Martin. « Baron vom Stein, the Prussian Law on Municipal Government of 1808 and the Creation of the German Tradition of Participative Self-Government ». Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 6, no 3 (2 septembre 2009) : 271–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/55.

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Most European States have their own particular form and tradition of local self-government. The German concept of local self-government goes back to the Prussian reformer Baron vom Stein who introduced local self-government 200 years ago in Prussia by means of the Prussian Law on Municipal Government. In essence, the then promoted concept of self-government meant that citizens with voting powers had the right to elect a representative assembly which in turn formed a central legislative as well as an administrative organ duly representing the whole citizenship of the town. The fundamental principle of self-government was later transferred to other areas such as the self-government of trade and industry, the self-government of liberal professions or the self-government of universities. As self-government was applied to ever more fields, various scholars contributed to a general concept of self-government or self administration which can now be seen as one of the basic structural principles of the constitutional system of the Federal Republic of Germany. Key words: • Prussian Law • municipial government • local self-government •constitutional system
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Tanimoto, Masayuki. « A Comparative Historical Approach to the Structure of Livelihood1600-2000 : Household/Market/Public Finance ». Impact 2021, no 3 (29 mars 2021) : 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2021.3.64.

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When studying history, in order to understand our present situation and how human structures have changed over time, it is necessary to delve into granular details. Historical economic studies looking at the period spanning the early modern era to the current day tend to focus on macroeconomics. However, a majority of people were not supported by the welfare state but rather inhabited small communities where necessities were conducted on a local level, and there is a lack of research on the exact nature of these public goods. Professor Masayuki Tanimoto, University of Tokyo, Japan, is collaborating with a large, interdisciplinary team of economic historians to understand how everyday life has been sustained in the centuries since the 1600s, with a particular focus on the 20th century. Tanimoto is employing a comparative historical approach, which involves comparing the historical facts and data within a common recognition framework, in the same level for the same period in order to identify differences, similarities and universal logic. The team's current research project is comparing Japan and Germany (Prussia pre-unification). The idea is that Japan will be used as a benchmark and will be compared with China and Europe with a view to relativising the previously Eurocentric cognitive framework by comparisons with the differing development process of Asia.
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Hesse, Mario, Thomas Lenk et Philipp Glinka. « Öffentliche Haushalte in Ost- und Westdeutschland nach 30 Jahren – Vergleichende Bestandsaufnahme aus finanzwissenschaftlicher Perspektive ». Sozialer Fortschritt 69, no 6-7 (1 juin 2020) : 395–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/sfo.69.6-7.395.

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Zusammenfassung Das 30-jährige Jubiläum der Deutschen Einheit gibt Anlass zu einer Erfolgsanalyse. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht verschiedene Aspekte der Angleichung zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland aus einer finanzwissenschaftlichen Perspektive. Der Fokus liegt auf der Entwicklung der Länder- und kommunalen Haushalte. Einnahmenseitig haben sich das System des bundesstaatlichen Finanzausgleichs in Verbindung mit den Solidarpakten I und II sowie die kommunalen Finanzausgleichssysteme als besonders leistungsfähige Mechanismen erwiesen, um ein hohes Maß an Gleichwertigkeit zu erreichen. Zugleich sind die ostdeutschen Länder bis an den aktuellen Rand und voraussichtlich auch künftig auf hohe Finanzausgleichsmittel angewiesen, um ihre öffentlichen Aufgaben angemessen erfüllen zu können. Darüber hinaus beleuchtet der Beitrag die Entwicklung der Ausgaben- und der Verschuldungsniveaus Ost- und Westdeutschlands. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass die deutsche Teilung weiterhin nicht vollständig überwunden ist. Abstract: Public Budgets in East and West Germany After 30 Years – Stocktaking and Success Analysis From A Perspective of Public Finance The 30th anniversary of German unification gives cause for a success analysis. This article examines various aspects of the alignment between East and West Germany from a perspective of public finance. The focus is on the development of state and municipal budgets. On the revenue side, the system of federal fiscal equalization in conjunction with the Solidarity Pacts I and II and the municipal fiscal equalization systems have proven to be particularly effective mechanisms for achieving a high degree of equivalence. At the same time, East Germany is, and will probably continue to be, dependent on high levels of fiscal equalisation in order to adequately fulfil their public tasks. In addition, the article examines the development of expenditure and debt levels in East and West Germany. Overall, it shows that the division of Germany is still not completely finished.
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Jun-Gen Oh et 이지은. « A study on the basic system of local finance and the discussion of operating municipal bankruptcy system in Germany ». Local Government Law Journal 15, no 2 (juin 2015) : 171–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21333/lglj.2015.15.2.006.

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Hesse, Mario. « Higher Taxes for Fiscal Consolidation ? Expected and Unexpected Effects of Municipal Tax Policy ». International Advances in Economic Research 27, no 4 (novembre 2021) : 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11294-022-09841-y.

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AbstractDuring episodes of fiscal consolidation in public budgets, there are different instruments to choose from. The literature shows broad consensus that expenditure cuts are preferred, whereas tax increases tend not to support the fiscal aim. The paper examines instruments for fiscal consolidation at the municipal level in Germany presenting theoretical and empirical findings in favor of revenue-based instruments, focusing on the case of municipalities in the Free State of Saxony. German municipalities can autonomously control several positions on both the expenditure side and the revenue side. Options for expenditure cuts are given both for voluntary and compulsory tasks. On the revenue side, municipalities have the opportunity to set assessment rates on both local trade taxes and property taxes. For this part of the consolidation process, the prevailing opinion is that higher taxes are offset by lower grants, which is not the case in reality. Nevertheless, there are cannibalization effects to consider that may induce primary effects in the short and medium term. Hence, the paper shows an updated view of the drawbacks and opportunities of revenue-based fiscal consolidation. The paper provides evidence for an economic and political discussion that predominantly focuses strongly on the harmful effects of tax increases on the economy.
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Schuhen, Michael, et Andreas Hundhausen. « Does the economics and civic education in Germany prepare future local politicians for a mandate takeover ? » Citizenship, Social and Economics Education 19, no 3 (24 septembre 2020) : 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047173420957383.

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In the Federal Republic of Germany, the cities and municipalities decide which streets are being refurbished, which educational services are offered, or where sewers will be laid. The cities and municipalities have financial resources at their disposal for this purpose. However, these resources are, with a view to Rhineland-Palatinate, insufficient or inadequate for these versatile tasks. The available financial resources are distributed in the municipal parliaments. The local politicians are elected representatives from the general society. Every citizen over 18 years can be elected in order to decide upon the distribution of funds. Yet, parliamentarians require economic knowledge, and a certain competence in economics matters for these decision-making processes. The aim of this study is to determine the degree to which economics and civil education in Germany is able to qualify future local politicians for a local-political mandate. In this context, it is worthy of note that our respondents ( N = 263) are not able to consider multilevel consequences of context alterations with regard to the finances of their municipality.
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Kruszewski, Tomasz. « Wrocławscy posłowie do śląskiego sejmu prowincjonalnego (1824–1921) — ewolucja ? » Prawo 332 (5 novembre 2021) : 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0524-4544.332.6.

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Wrocław deputies to the Silesian provincial assembly (1824–1921) — an evolution? The paper focuses on the personal profile, professional background, and length of tenure of deputies to the provincial assembly in Silesia representing the province’s capital almost throughout the entire period of the assembly’s functioning, i.e. from its establishment in 1824 until the end of the term of the last Landtag of Imperial Germany. The observations and inquiries contained in the paper make it possible to present the life stories of the deputies to the provincial Landtag in Silesia. The background of these life stories was provided by significant transformations of the political system in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The fate of the Landtag was part of the general history of Germany, especially Prussia and as a result the systemic transformation of the analysed institution stemmed straight from these events; these were not rapid changes, but a process unfolding across over one hundred years. The subject matter and chronological framework of the paper have not been chosen accidentally. So far authors of the literature on the subject have been interested mainly in the administrative apparatus of the executive power in Prussia in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; the system of self-government and its legislative bodies, that is provincial assemblies, has not attracted much interest of scholars. Only partial studies have been published, examining selected aspects of the history of parliamentarism in Prussian provinces in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. That is why the author has chosen to follow the functioning of the personal profile, shaped in the 1810s, as well as major manifestations of the activity of Wrocław deputies to the provincial assembly in Silesia. Yet no evolution of deputies, mentioned in the title, has been demonstrated. In the three periods of the Landtag’s existence they were municipal officials and representatives of the economic elite. Die Breslauer Abgeordneten in den Provinziallandtag der Provinz Schlesien (1824–1921) — Evolution? Zum Gegenstand dieses Beitrags wurde die personelle und berufliche Struktur sowie die Länge der Amtszeit der Abgeordneten in den Provinziallandtag der Provinz Schlesien, die die Hauptstadt der Provinz in der Zeit von seiner Einberufung im Jahre 1824 bis zur Beendigung der letzten Amtsperiode des letzten Landtages des Zweiten Reiches vertreten haben. Die in der Arbeit enthaltenen Beobachtungen und Ermittlungen erlauben die Schicksale der Breslauer Abgeordneten in den Provinziallandtag der Provinz Schlesien in der Zeit wichtiger Änderung der Staatsform im 19. und zum Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts zu schildern. Die Geschichte des Landtages war mit der allgemeinen Geschichte Deutschlands und insbesondere Preußens verbunden, daher ergab sich die Umwandlung der Ordnung dieser Institution direkt aus diesen Ereignissen; das waren keine gewaltigen Änderungen, der Prozess ging auf ausgetretenen Wegen über die Zeit von mehr als hundert Jahren. Das Thema und der Zeitrahmen wurden nicht zufällig gewählt. Die bisher erschienene Literatur befasste sich vor allem mit dem Verwaltungsapparat der Exekutive in Preußen im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert, die Ordnung der Selbstverwaltungsbehörden und ihrer Gesetzgebungsorgane, also der Provinziallandtage, fanden kein größeres Interesse der Forscher. Die erscheinenden Arbeiten sprachen nur gewählte Teilelemente der Geschichte des Parlamentarismus in den schlesischen Provinzen im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert an. Unter diesen Umständen fand es der Verfasser für zweckmäßig, das Funktionieren der sich im zweiten Jahrzehnt des 20. Jahrhunderts herausgestalteten personellen Struktur und die grundlegenden Erscheinungsformen der Aktivitäten der Breslauer Abgeordneten in den Provin-ziallandtag der Provinz Schlesien zu untersuchen. Die im Titel erwähnte Evolution der Abgeordneten konnte nicht bewiesen werden, in den drei Perioden des Bestehens des Landtages waren das Stadtbeamte und Vertreter der wirtschaftlichen Elite.
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Lage, Jonas, Maike Böcker et Michaela Christ. « Wie kann Suffizienzpolitik gelingen ? Planung und Umsetzung suffizienzorientierter Stadtentwicklung durch kommunale Verwaltungen ». GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society 32, no 4 (29 décembre 2023) : 368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/gaia.32.4.8.

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Suffizienz ist eine Schlüsselstrategie, um Nachhaltigkeitsziele zu erreichen. Die Umsetzung von Suffizienzpolitik gilt jedoch als politisch heikel, konflikthaft und bisher wenig beforscht. Wenn Stadtverwaltungen neue Ideen des Städtischen entwickeln, kreative Finanzierungswege finden, Ressourcen sichern und Suffizienz als Leitbild einführen, können Städte Vorreiterinnen sozial-ökologischer Transformation sein.Sufficiency policies are increasingly seen as indispensable to achieving sustainability goals. Sufficiency is a strategy to reduce consumption and production levels by changing social practices. Municipalities are central to the implementation of sufficiency policies, as they can directly promote sufficiency through infrastructural and institutional redesign. However, as sufficiency policy relies on the redistribution of existing resources, its implementation is considered politically divisive. The analysis of 19 qualitative interviews from twelve municipalities in Germany and Switzerland that have implemented sufficiency-oriented projects shows how municipal administrations have contributed to their successful implementation. The administrations organise the implementation along the lines of sufficiency-oriented ideas, creatively gain access to the necessary material resources, and take on a mediating and strongly shaping role in the process design. Decoupling municipal financing from municipal growth would be crucial to support municipalities in developing and implementing more far-reaching and extensive sufficiency policies. As our examples show, once established many sufficiency-oriented projects are widely recognised.
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Livres sur le sujet "Municipal finance, Germany: Prussia"

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Harbutt, Dawson William. Municipal life and government in Germany. New York : Garland, 1985.

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Sacher, Peter. Die Beschaffungspraxis öffentlicher Verwaltungen : Eine verwaltungswissenschaftliche Untersuchung am Beispiel ausgewählter Kommunalverwaltungen. Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 1992.

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Scheps, Carolina. Das Örtlichkeitsprinzip im kommunalen Wirtschaftsrecht : Rechtliche Determinanten des räumlichen Wirkungskreises kommunaler Unternehmen. Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2006.

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Fürst, Dietrich, et Mareike Köller. Kommunale Finanznot : Auswirkungen und Lösungsansätze. Frankfurt am Main : PETER LANG, 2012.

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Werner, Jan. Das deutsche Gemeindefinanzsystem : Reformvorschläge im Kontext der unterschiedlichen Einnahmenautonomie der lokalen Gebietskörperschaften in Europa. Frankfurt am Main : Lang, 2008.

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Lieberman, Benjamin David. From recovery to catastrophe : Municipal stabilization and political crisis in Weimar, Germany. New York : Berghahn Books, 1998.

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Helmert, Barbara. Vorläufigkeit und Vorfinanzierung bei kommunalabgabenrechtlichen Vorzugslasten. Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2012.

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Röhl, André. Konnexitätsprinzip und Konsultationsverfahren als Ausdruck kommunaler Selbstverwaltung : Zu Grundlagen, Inhalten und Entwicklungen des Konnexitätsprinzips. Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2006.

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Weiblen, Willi. Beschäftigungsförderung : Eine kommunale Aufgabe zwischen Personalhoheit und Finanzhoheit. Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 1990.

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Helbig, Petra. Der steuerverfassungsrechtliche Halbteilungsgrundsatz : Massstab für Steuerbelastung und Ausgleichsverpflichtung im Länderfinanzausgleich ? : zugleich ein Valet der verfassungsrechtlichen Anbindung des Äquivalenzprinzips. Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2002.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Municipal finance, Germany: Prussia"

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Person, Christian, et René Geissler. « Four Decades of Municipal Bailouts in Germany ». Dans Local Public Finance, 227–45. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67466-3_13.

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Dawson, William Harbutt. « Municipal Finance ». Dans Municipal Life and Government in Germany, 337–61. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429058486-13.

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Palmowski, Jan. « Liberalism and Municipal Finance ». Dans Urban Liberalism in Imperial Germany, 255–310. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207504.003.0006.

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« Memorandum of Prussian Finance Minister Friedrich von Motz, 1829 ». Dans Austria, Prussia and The Making of Germany, 165. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315833064-32.

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Loew, Peter Oliver. « Variations in White and Red ». Dans Gdańsk, 184–211. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197603864.003.0009.

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Abstract Chapter 8 examines the newly Polish city of Gdańsk amid the immense social and political upheaval brought about by the end of the Second World War. Following the war’s end, hundreds of thousands of Danzig Germans were forced to leave their home and move west. In Gdańsk’s reconstruction over the city’s first few postwar decades as part of the Soviet Union, the Polish and local government resolved to erase, as far as possible, any traces of the city’s German past as they established a new municipal identity. German writer and Danzig native Günter Grass gained international fame with his novels that not only prominently featured his hometown but also rejected any oversimplified, nationalist categorizations of Gdańsk as a “German” or “Polish” city. Gdańsk developed much more industrially than it had as part of Prussia and Germany, and the city became renowned for its shipyards and ship construction. Thousands of workers would revolt in 1970, and the aftershocks would ultimately lead to the end of the USSR.
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Lamberti, Marjorie. « Confessional Schooling and School Politics in the Imperial Era ». Dans State, Society, and the Elementary School in Imperial Germany. Oxford University Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195056112.003.0008.

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A reaction against Falk’s school policy was inevitable when a Conservative belonging to the Pomeranian landowning nobility took over the Ministry of Education in July 1879. During his first months in office, Robert von Puttkamer made several highly publicized gestures to communicate to the nation his disapproval of the school reforms and his intention to end the Kulturkampf in the school system. In September 1879 he used the occasion of a reply to a petition signed by more than 400 priests in the dioceses of Miinster and Paderborn to announce a policy of reconciliation. He declared, “I wish nothing more fervently than to be able to grant to the clergy of the Christian churches an effective role in the supervision of the elementary school.” He pleaded with the Catholic clergy “not to succumb to the mistaken notion that the policy of the state is to be hostile or indifferent to the beneficial influence of the church on the instruction and moral and religious education of the youth.” Once their resistance to the May Laws ceased, he promised to reinstate them in their former local school inspection offices. Another signal of the oncoming reaction was Puttkamer’s dramatic intervention in the school conflict in Elbing, a city in the province of East Prussia, where the municipal council decided to organize an interconfessional school system in 1875. Ignoring the objections of the Catholic minority, city officials carried out the first phase of the reform in 1876 with the opening of four interconfessional schools for girls. The Catholic parents protested this change and the forthcoming merger of the confessional schools for boys in a petition addressed to Falk in April 1877. Their petition remained unanswered, and only after they renewed their appeal in February 1879 did the minister request a report from the district governor in Danzig. The report arrived in Berlin on July 28, apparently held back until after Falk left office. The district government informed the new minister that “the Catholics in Elbing harbor a great distrust toward the interconfessional school, which the city government itself has provoked because it has constantly shown a conspicuous contempt toward all demands made on the school system from a church and confessional standpoint.”
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