Thèses sur le sujet « Multiobject »
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Dai, Jianhua. « Simulation of Multiobject Nanoscale Systems ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1239154185.
Texte intégralKéchichian, Razmig. « Structural priors for multiobject semi-automatic segmentation of three-dimensional medical images via clustering and graph cut algorithms ». Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967381.
Texte intégralElsässer, Dominik Martin [Verfasser], et Karl [Akademischer Betreuer] Mannheim. « Indirect Search for Dark Matter in the Universe : the Multiwavelength and Multiobject Approach / Dominik Martin Elsässer. Betreuer : Karl Mannheim ». Würzburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Würzburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1020361883/34.
Texte intégralKubíček, Martin. « Aerodynamická optimalizace karoserie automobilu ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229322.
Texte intégralBelkora, Samir. « Les méthodes d'optimisation multiobjectif : synthèse et considérations théoriques : application d'un modèle probabiliste de choix au problème d'optimisation multiobjectif ». Aix-Marseille 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX24012.
Texte intégralThis work treat of multiple objective optimization methods. In a first large part, we accomplished the multiple objective methods synthesis by following a traditional classification which separate the methods in three major class : - the methods which require "a priori" ponderation of the objectives. - the methods which require "progressive" ponderation of the objectives or the interactive methods. - the methods which lead to "a posteriori" ponderation of the objectives. In a second part, we try to provide a theorical contribution to improve a method which belongs to the interactive methods class by integrating a qualitative choice probabilistic model which authorize sufficiently versatile specifications, the conditional probit model
Belkora, Samir. « Les Méthodes d'optimisation multiobjectif, synthèse et considérations théoriques application d'un modèle probabiliste de choix au problème d'optimisation multiobjectif ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595855r.
Texte intégralMouelhi, Ouael. « Contribution à l'optimisation multiobjectif en conception multidisciplinaire ». Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824460.
Texte intégralBadufle, Cécile. « Définition conceptuelle d'avions : vers une optimisation multiobjet, robuste et incertaine ». Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30294.
Texte intégralAircraft sizing studies consist in determining the main characteristics of an aircraft starting from a set of requirements. These studies can be summarized as global constrained optimisation problems with typically one thousand parameters and almost as many constraints. The constraints express physical feasibility and the requirements to be satisfied, and the objectives are market driven performances of the aircraft. Moreover, aircraft sizing is typically a multicriteria optimisation problem because of some competing objectives. The aim of this thesis is to introduce new mathematical methods that can be useful in a future project sizing tool to treat the aircraft configuration optimisation problem. We contributed in improving the optimisation methods that are currently used in the Airbus Future Project Office. By using genetic algorithms, we made the mono-criterion optimisation process more robust. Then, we introduced multicriteria optimisation methods because we had several conflicting criteria to consider. As the calculation times became important, we decided to substitute the aircraft model by a surrogate model. We implemented radial basis functions to approximate the constraint and the objective functions. Finally, we propagated the model uncertainty to assess the robustness of the optimisation results and we proposed a possible outcome of the integration of these different techniques in order to yield the engineers a global and operational perception of the design space
Gräbener, Tristram. « Calcul d'itinéraire multimodal et multiobjectif en milieu urbain ». Phd thesis, Université des Sciences Sociales - Toulouse I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00553335.
Texte intégralGräbener, Tristram. « Calcul d'itinéraire multimodal et multiobjectif en mileu urbain ». Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10021.
Texte intégralWith the growth of environmental awareness and high energy prices, more and more people use public transport, cycle or walk. However, just one mean of transport cannot cover all the transportation needs. Therefor, combining different means of transport is often an interesting solution. Finding the best multimodal route for a given person is a hard task. Every person has different opinions concerning the duration, the cost, pollution, number of changes etc. Even the same person might choose different paths depending on circumstances : if it's raining he will not cycle and if he has to carry heavy luggages, he will avoid changes. Multicriteria optimization allows to suggest multiple solutions that are said to be equivalent. The user will chose the route that fits the best according to his preferences at a given moment. The main problem to solve is the shortest multimodal time dependent path. The challenge is to have results in less than a second on a large city in order to have a real life application. A great care has been taken to remain simple an generic. We do not restrict the number of means of transport nor the considered objectives. We adapted algorithms known for their theoretical or experimental performances in order to take in account the time dependency or to be multiobjective. Well also suggest heuristics to keep computation time around one second. The algorithms have been tested with success on San Francisco, Los Angeles and Rennes
Irisarri, François-Xavier. « Stratégies de calcul pour l'optimisation multiobjectif des structures composites ». Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00514120.
Texte intégralIrisarri, François-Xavier. « Stratégie de calcul pour l'optimisation multiobjectif des structures composites ». Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/506/.
Texte intégralThis thesis deals with the search for innovative composite solutions for mass reduction of aeronautical structures. Composite materials offer new degrees of freedom for structural design and optimisation. The aim of this study is to propose a methodology for robust optimisation of the stacking sequence of composite sub-components. The proposed strategy consists of three interlinked elements : the optimisation algorithm, the calculation strategy and the method to account for design uncertainties. A multiobjective optimisation algorithm is developed, that yields a set of optimal trade-offs between conflicting objectives. It is an evolutionary algorithm, whose efficiency is greatly increased compared to generic algorithms, through the introduction of multiscale mechanical models specific to layered composite materials. The algorithm is particularly suited to take into account the industrial guidelines for stacking-sequence design. To reduce calculation costs, different strategies are implemented, that imply detailed simulations and model approximation. A robust optimisation method is proposed, to account for uncertainties, lack of knowledge or potential errors. The first application deals with the buckling and post-buckling behaviour of stiffened panels. The second application deals with strength optimisation of bolted joints in composite structures, whose calculation is still problematic. A model is developed for the prediction of bearing failure, based on a progressive approach of the laminate failure and the onset of delamination, with excellent results compared to experimental data. This model is applied to the maximisation of the strength of an elementary joint with one fastener. It is also integrated in a multilevel approach for the calculation of complex junctions involving hundreds of fasteners
Berro, Alain. « Optimisation multiobjectif et stratégies d' évolution en environnement dynamique ». Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10091.
Texte intégralAfter a state of the art on the methods used to solve multiobjectives problems and dynamic environment problems, we propose a multiagent method of optimization in dynamic environment which offers a discriminating response to a change of environment. A generalization of this method applied to the multiobjectives problems is also proposed
Hernandez-Rodriguez, Guillermo. « Optimisation multiobjectif de réseaux de transport de gaz naturel ». Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0067/document.
Texte intégralThe optimization of a natural gas transportation network (NGTN) is typically a multiobjective optimization problem, involving for instance energy consumption minimization at the compressor stations and gas delivery maximization. However, very few works concerning multiobjective optimization of gas pipelines networks are reported in the literature. Thereby, this work aims at providing a general framework of formulation and resolution of multiobjective optimization problems related to NGTN. In the first part of the study, the NGTN model is described. Then, various multiobjective optimization techniques belonging to two main classes, scalarization and evolutionary, commonly used for engineering purposes, are presented. From a comparative study performed on two mathematical examples and on five process engineering problems (including a NGTN), a variant of the multiobjective genetic algorithm NSGA-II outmatches the classical scalararization methods, Weighted-sum and ε-Constraint. So NSGA-II has been selected for performing the triobjective optimization of a NGTN. First, the monobjective problem related to the minimization of the fuel consumption in the compression stations is solved. Then a biojective problem, where the fuel consumption has to be minimized, and the gas mass flow delivery at end-points of the network maximized, is presented. The non dominated solutions are displayed in the form of a Pareto front. Finally, the study of the impact of hydrogen injection in the NGTN is carried out by introducing a third criterion, i.e., the percentage of injected hydrogen to be maximized. In the two multiobjective cases, generic Multiple Choice Decision Making tools are implemented to identify the best solution among the ones displayed of the Pareto fronts
Badufle, Céline. « Définition conceptuelle d'avions : vers une optimisation multiobjectif, robuste et incertaine ». Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00367210.
Texte intégralL'objectif de cette thèse est d'introduire de nouvelles méthodes mathématiques qui peuvent être utiles dans un outil de dimensionnement avant-projet pour résoudre le problème d'optimisation d'une configuration d'avion. Nous avons contribué à l'amélioration des méthodes d'optimisation qui sont couramment utilisées au département des Avant-Projets d'Airbus. En utilisant les algorithmes génétiques, nous avons rendu le processus d'optimisation monocritère plus robuste. Ensuite, nous avons introduit des méthodes d'optimisation multicritère car nous avions plusieurs critères conflictuels à considérer. Comme les temps de calcul sont devenus importants, nous avons décidé de substituer au modèle d'avion un modèle approché. Nous avons implémenté les fonctions à base radiale pour approcher les contraintes et les fonctions objectifs. Enfin, nous avons propagé les incertitudes du modèle pour estimer la robustesse des résultats de l'optimisation et nous avons proposé un aboutissement possible de l'intégration de ces techniques : donner aux ingénieurs une perception opérationnelle de l'espace de définition.
Labbé, Steve. « Optimisation multiobjectif de la conception de joints tubulaires collés structuraux ». Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6628.
Texte intégralSmairi, Nadia. « Optimisation par essaim particulaire : adaptation de tribes à l'optimisation multiobjectif ». Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00981558.
Texte intégralLonca, Emmanuel. « Optimisation booléenne multiobjectif : complexité sous contraintes compilées et résolution via SAT ». Thesis, Artois, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ARTO0405/document.
Texte intégralDecision aiding aims at helping a decision-maker to pick up a solution among several others. The usefulness of such approaches is as prominent as the size of the problems under consideration increases. The need of decision aiding techniques is salient when the problem does not just consist in deciding whether a solutions exists, but to find one of the best solutions according to a given criterion. In this case, the problem goes from a decision problem (decide whether a solution exists) to a single criterion optimization problem (find one of the best solutions according to a criterion). A decision-maker may even want to consider multiple criteria, which turns the initial decision problem into a multicriteria optimization problem. The main issue arising in such cases lies in the fact that the criteria under consideration are often antagonistic, which implies that there is no solution which is the best for each of the objectives. In this case, a good compromise solution is looked for. In this thesis, we first focus on the complexity of optimization requests based on a set of propositional languages. We then study the practical aspects of the resolution of such problems, using pieces of software designed for dealing with combinatorial decision problems, namely SAT solvers
Avila, Sergio Luciano. « Optimisation multiobjectif et analyse de sensibilité appliquées à la conception de dispositifs ». Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2006. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/slavila.pdf.
Texte intégralThis thesis, besides presenting a brief review about optimization concepts and methods, also describes the implementation of a multi-objective genetic algorithm (AGMO) associated to sensitivity analysis for optimization of devices. The aim is to provide engineers not only several possible solutions, but also the possibility of a deeper understanding of the analyzed problem. The present work brings two main contributions : an optimization algorithm that deal with parameters space and objective space with the same importance, making easy the search process for optimal solutions ; the development and integration of sensitivity studies, whose goal is to veriry how stable the obtained solutions are as well as to test the 'model' adopted by the engineer as representation of his/problem. Many projects involving electromagnetisme were considered to evaluate the proposed procedure, in particular the optimization of satellite shaped reflector antennas
Avila, Sergio Luciano Krahenbuhl Laurent. « Optimisation multiobjectif et analyse de sensibilité appliquées à la conception de dispositifs ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/slavila.pdf.
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Mhalla, Ala. « Multi-object detection and tracking in video sequences ». Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAC084/document.
Texte intégralThe work developed in this PhD thesis is focused on video sequence analysis. Thelatter consists of object detection, categorization and tracking. The development ofreliable solutions for the analysis of video sequences opens new horizons for severalapplications such as intelligent transport systems, video surveillance and robotics.In this thesis, we put forward several contributions to deal with the problems ofdetecting and tracking multi-objects on video sequences. The proposed frameworksare based on deep learning networks and transfer learning approaches.In a first contribution, we tackle the problem of multi-object detection by puttingforward a new transfer learning framework based on the formalism and the theoryof a Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) filter to automatically specialize a Deep ConvolutionalNeural Network (DCNN) detector towards a target scene. The suggestedspecialization framework is used in order to transfer the knowledge from the sourceand the target domain to the target scene and to estimate the unknown target distributionas a specialized dataset composed of samples from the target domain. Thesesamples are selected according to the importance of their weights which reflectsthe likelihood that they belong to the target distribution. The obtained specializeddataset allows training a specialized DCNN detector to a target scene withouthuman intervention.In a second contribution, we propose an original multi-object tracking frameworkbased on spatio-temporal strategies (interlacing/inverse interlacing) and aninterlaced deep detector, which improves the performances of tracking-by-detectionalgorithms and helps to track objects in complex videos (occlusion, intersection,strong motion).In a third contribution, we provide an embedded system for traffic surveillance,which integrates an extension of the SMC framework so as to improve the detectionaccuracy in both day and night conditions and to specialize any DCNN detector forboth mobile and stationary cameras.Throughout this report, we provide both quantitative and qualitative results.On several aspects related to video sequence analysis, this work outperformsthe state-of-the-art detection and tracking frameworks. In addition, we havesuccessfully implemented our frameworks in an embedded hardware platform forroad traffic safety and monitoring
Collette, Yann. « Contribution à l'évaluation et au perfectionnement des méthodes d'optimisation multiobjectif : application à l'optimisation des plans de rechargement de combustible nucléaire ». Paris 12, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA120029.
Texte intégralThe material presented in this thesis consists in the evaluation of multiobjective optimization methods and the application of these methods to the nuclear reload pattern optimization problem. After a brief state of the art, we discuss about possible improvements of existing multiobjective optimization methods. These improvements concern the expression of the objective function as well as the optimization methods. We present ways to evaluate performances of multiobjective optimization methods and the visualization of results computed by a multiobjective optimization method. We present also a new classification of multiobjective optimization methods so as to ease the choice of a method to solve a problem. For last, after a brief presentation of the problem, we tackle the nuclear reload pattern optimization problem
Dhaenens, Clarisse Talbi El-Ghazali. « Optimisation combinatoire multiobjectif apport des méthodes coopératives et contribution à l'extraction de connaissances / ». Villeneuve d'Ascq : Université des sciences et technologies de Lille, 2007. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace/handle/1908/373.
Texte intégralSynthèse des travaux en français. Recueil de publications en anglais non reproduit dans la version électronique. N° d'ordre (Lille 1) : 466. Curriculum vitae. Titre provenant de la page de titre du document numérisé. Bibliogr. p. 97-103. Liste des publications et des communications.
Ouattara, Adama. « Méthodologie d'éco-conception de procédés par optimisation multiobjectif et aide à la décision multicritère ». Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0055/document.
Texte intégralThis study aims at the development of a design methodology for eco-efficient processes, meaning that ecological and economic considerations are taken into account simultaneously at the preliminary design phase of chemical processes. The environmental aspect is quantified by using of a set of indicators following the guidelines of sustainability concepts. The design framework is based on a modelling approach considering both process and utility production units, since the environmental impact of a chemical process not only contains the material involved in the process but also the energy consumption, the effect of flow recycle, material conversion and so on... For this purpose, a decision support tool dedicated to the management of plant utilities (steam, electricity, water...) and pollutants (CO2, SO2, NOx, etc..), (ARIANETM package) was coupled to process modelling and used here both to compute the primary energy requirements of the process and to quantify its pollutant emissions. Both models were thus integrated in an outer multiobjective optimization loop, based on a variant of the so-called NSGA-II (Non Sorted Genetic Algorithm) multiobjective genetic algorithm. The trade-off between economic and environmental objectives is illustrated through the generation of Pareto fronts. The selection of the best design alternatives is performed through the use of multicriteria analysis. The well-known benchmark process for hydrodealkylation (HDA) of toluene to produce benzene, revisited here in a multi-objective mode, is used to illustrate the usefulness of the approach in finding environmentally friendly and cost-effective designs
Liefooghe, Arnaud. « Métaheuristiques pour l'optimisation multiobjectif : approches coopératives, prise en compte de l'incertitude et application en logistique ». Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464166.
Texte intégralVincent, Thomas. « Caractérisation des solutions efficaces et algorithmes d’énumération exacts pour l’optimisation multiobjectif en variables mixtes binaires ». Nantes, 2013. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=c984a17c-6904-454d-9b3a-e63846e9fb9b.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this work is the exact solution of multiple objective binary mixed integer linear programmes. The mixed nature of the variables implies significant differences with purely continuous or purely discrete programmes. Thus, we propose to take these differences into account using a proper representation of the solution sets and a dedicated update procedure. These propositions allow us to adapt for the biobjective case two solution methods commonly used for combinatorial problems: the Branch & Bound algorithm and the two phase method. Several improvements are proposed, such as bound sets or visiting strategies. We introduce a new routine for the second phase of the two phase method that takes advantage of all the relevant features of the previously studied methods. In the 3-objective context, the solution sets representation is extended by analogy with the biobjective case. Solutions methods are extended and studied as well. In particular, the decomposition of the search area during the second phase is thoroughly described. The proposed software solution has been applied on a real world problem: evaluation of a vehicle choice policy. The possible choices range from classical to electric vehicles that are powered by grid or solar power
Zerbinati, Adrien. « Algorithme à gradients multiples pour l'optimisation multiobjectif en simulation de haute fidélité : application à l'aérodynamique compressible ». Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00868031.
Texte intégralKagni, Victor. « Programmation linéaire multiobjectif en nombres entiers : théories, algorithmes et essai d'application à la gestion d'équipements hospitaliers ». Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOE013.
Texte intégralMultiobjective linear programming methods with continuous variables date from 1960. It's only in 1973 that the indivisibility was taken into account in multiobjective optimization. This work is a contribution to the multiobjective integer linear problems and methods. The first part is about single and multiobjective problems with continuous variables. It includes the separation theorem used as a multiobjective case, and the theorem of the equivalence between Pareto's optimum and multiparametric program. This equivalence is a source of continuous multiobjective methods when the decision maker's preference weightings are made a priori, a posteriori or when they are progressive. These methods are used in general cases. The second part deals with multiobjective integer linear programming in theories and algorithms. The preceding equivalence theorem has been adapted to integer case in this part. Integer methods are subject of the third part; a greater place is given to a priori weightings, with integer goal programming and progressive weightings with integer interactive methods by preference revelation, because of their adaptability. Progressive preference weightings are emphasized so as to limit value judgement on objectives. So, methods are presented depending on whether variables describe n, 0-1 or they are mixed. Integer interactive methods with preferential vector have been suggested. They optimize all the objectives simultanously, respecting integer Pareto's optimum. Concerning mixed variables, the methods used were binary decomposition and median analysis
Morales, Mendoza Luis Fernando. « Écoconception de procédés : approche systémique couplant modélisation globale, analyse du cycle de vie et optimisation multiobjectif ». Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INPT0106/document.
Texte intégralThe objective of this work is to propose an integrated and generic framework for eco-design coupling traditional modelling and flowsheeting simulation tools (HYSYS, COCO, ProSimPlus and Ariane), Life Cycle Assessment, multi-objective optimization based on Genetic Algorithms and multiple criteria decision-making methods MCDM (Multiple Choice Decision Making, such as ELECTRE, PROMETHEE, M-TOPSIS) that generalizes, automates and optimizes the evaluation of the environmental criteria at earlier design stage. The approach consists of three main stages. The first two steps correspond respectively to process inventory analysis based on mass and energy balances and impact assessment phases of LCA methodology. Specific attention is paid to the main issues that can be encountered with database and impact assessment i.e. incomplete or missing information, or approximate information that does not match exactly the real situation that may introduce a bias in the environmental impact estimation. A process simulation tool dedicated to production utilities, Ariane, ProSim SA is used to fill environmental database gap, by the design of specific energy sub modules, so that the life cycle energy related emissions for any given process can be computed. The third stage of the methodology is based on the interaction of the previous steps with process simulation for environmental impact assessment and cost estimation through a computational framework. The use of multi-objective optimization methods generally leads to a set of efficient solutions, the so-called Pareto front. The next step consists in identifying the best ones through MCDM methods. The approach is applied to two processes operating in continuous mode. The capabilities of the methodology are highlighted through these case studies (benzene production by HDA process and biodiesel production from vegetable oils). A multi-level assessment for multi-objective optimization is implemented for both cases, the explored pathways depending on the analysis and antagonist behaviour of the criteria
Moalic, Laurent. « Modélisation dynamique de la densité de population via les réseaux cellulaires et optimisation multiobjectif de l'auto-partage ». Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA2051/document.
Texte intégralMany decision-making problems in the real world are NP-hard. These problems commonly feature several mutually-contradictory objectives to be optimized simultaneously. Multiobjective metaheuristics provide particularly effective means of addressing this class of problems. Moreover, for transportation problems, the development of models able to evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of a population is essential. In our research, we are interested in the complete chain guiding a decision in the fields of transportation and territory planning. We consider the two main phases involved in the decision-making process: building a population mobility model and developing a hybrid metaheuristic to solve multiobjective optimization problems. In order to compute the evolution of population presence on a territory, in this thesis we propose a new mobility model; its originality lies in employing new data from mobile phone networks as well as geographic and socio-economic information to indicate the attractiveness of the territory. We have also developed a heuristic to solve multiobjective problems: following the study of the influence of several operators on the Pareto front, we have designed a hybrid memetic heuristic that is significantly more effective than reference approaches. The two main phases of modelling and optimizing have been tested and validated in a real context, allowing us to develop a decision-making software platform that can be used to provide station locations for an electric car-sharing service
Guédas, Benoît. « Proposition de compromis pour le calcul de solutions préférées à l'aide d'un algorithme évolutionnaire multiobjectif en optimisation multidisciplinaire ». Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00563994.
Texte intégralGomez, Adrien. « Optimisation technico-économique multiobjectif de systèmes de conversion d'énergie : cogénération électricité-hydrogène à partir d'un réacteur nucléaire de IVème génération ». Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7793/1/gomez.pdf.
Texte intégralGrange, Avent. « Méthode d'optimisation multiobjectif de la conduite d'un réacteur nucléaire : application à un RNR-Na fonctionnant avec un cycle de Brayton ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0500.
Texte intégralDefining the reactor operation allows the nuclear power plant to achieve objectives in terms of thermodynamic performance and to meet safety requirements. This work develops a method to define the reactor operation as the solution to a multiobjective optimization and constrained problem. The decision variables selected to solve this kind of problems are the actuators and the descriptive parameters related to regulations implemented in the reactor operation. The decision variables number is potentially high and induced a high number of simulations to solve the multiobjective problem. The reactor operation is modeled using the CATHARE2 code and is characterized by a long computation runtime, which makes the multiobjective problem resolve impossible. To overstep this problem, the developed method reduces the dimension size of the research space and builds surrogate models (metamodels) to replace CATHARE2 code simulations in order to mimic objectives and constraints depending on the decision variables. These metamodels use the conditioned Gaussian processes structure on a learning base of the variable to mimic. A coupling of these substitution models to a genetic algorithm enables the definition of a set of reactor optimal operations homogeneously spread in the solutions space. The low prediction errors of the metamodels provide an accurate estimate of the Pareto Front. The method is used to optimize the ASTRID operation for the loss of off-site power and the frequency setting transients
Boussedjra, Mounir. « Contribution à la résolution du problème du plus court chemin multiobjectif par algorithmes évolutionnistes : application aux systèmes de transport intermodal ». Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA2010.
Texte intégralThe main goal of our work is to estimate the performances of intermodal transportation systems. The latter, are characterized by the possibility of using various transportation means during the same travel. To reach this goal we find the best itinerary that will be used to connect two points, source and destination. This problem is represented by the study of the single source single destination multi-objective intermodal shortest path. The intermodality context and the number of treated objectives make the problem NP-Complete. This is why the polynomial approaches proposed for the bi-objective and multi-objective cases of the problem transform it, by using the lexicographic order and the weighted sum. Besides, these approaches use a bidirectional strategy to progress in the graph and they use the problem constraints to reduce the research space. The disadvantage of this simplification is that it provides a single solution, whereas the solution of a multi-objective problem is the set of the trade-off solutions. To eliminate this disadvantage different evolutionary algorithms (EA) are proposed. These algorithms employ the same genetic operators and they differ only by the evaluation process. Among the used process a particular contribution is brought to the weighted sum by using dynamic weights according to the quality of the solutions. In order to increase the diversity of the solutions provided by these algorithms, a new operator of diversification based on the concept of Taboo list is developed. The impact of this operator is compared with that of a classic operator based on the degree of similarity. The validation of the proposed approaches is performed, according to the cases, on real-life or random networks. The latter are obtained by a graph generator that we have developed
Avila, Sergio. « Optimisation multiobjectif et analyse de sensibilité appliquées à la conception de dispositifs. Application : Synthèse d'antennes à réflecteur embarquées dans un satellite ». Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012065.
Texte intégralDelpiano, Costabal José Francisco. « Analysis and evaluation of optical flow methods with applications in biology ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/113472.
Texte intégralEl flujo óptico (OF, por sus siglas en inglés) es un campo vectorial que representa las velocidades aparentes de movimiento de los patrones de intensidad en una imagen que varía en el tiempo. El OF ha sido aplicado ampliamente a tareas de visión computacional y está siendo usado para análisis de imágenes biológicas. La literatura relevante muestra que (i) la mayoría de los artículos apenas cubre el tema de la selección óptima de parámetros y (ii) el criterio para optimización y ranking de métodos de OF tiende a ser precisión o velocidad, pero no un criterio conjunto de precisión y velocidad. Esta tesis presenta como su contribución principal una metodología novedosa para la selección de parámetros de un método de OF cualquiera, basado en la optimización concurrente de varios objetivos. Esta metodología está basada en optimización multi-objetivo evolutiva y busca los parámetros que optimizan dos objetivos, precisión y velocidad del OF, al mismo tiempo. La metodología encuentra un conjunto de configuraciones que son óptimas en el sentido de Pareto, es decir que no hay configuraciones mejores que otras en todos los objetivos. Este conjunto de configuraciones caracteriza cada método de OF, dando una curva de operación precisión-velocidad para el método y permitiendo la comparación entre distintos métodos. Los resultados muestran que la metodología propuesta logra mejoras tanto en la precisión como en la velocidad de un método de OF, entendidos como una medida de error de OF y el tiempo de ejecución del método de OF. La metodología presentada fue aplicada exitosamente a un problema biológico. Fue probada para la selección de parámetros de OF para experimentos de seguimiento (tracking) apuntando al análisis 3D de estructura en microscopía electrónica de objetos biológicos. Produjo una reducción importante en tiempo de ejecución, manteniendo bajo el error de tracking. Esta metodología ahorraría tiempo a investigadores que trabajan con OF, evitando selección manual de parámetros y dándoles la configuración de parámetros adecuada para su aplicación. Sería interesante desarrollar rankings en línea para comparación de métodos de OF, aprovechando las curvas de operación multi-objetivo.
Bénabès, Julien. « Optimisation intégrée et intéractive pour l'agence d'espace ». Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00655832.
Texte intégralHaving a significant impact on the design of many products and industrial systems, layout design optimi-zation is at the heart of scientific issues. The design of an optimal layout solution is a critical and complex task due to the increasing demands of designers working on varied projects. This PhD work proposes an integrated approach to solving layout optimization problems, from the needs expressed by the designer to the creation of an ideal solution. This generic and interactive method is based on a design process divided into four steps : the description, formulation, and solving of the problem, and the final decision. The first two steps consist in writing the optimization problem, taking into account the different requirements of the designer. Then, the problem solving step is based on a multiobjective modular optimization strategy that combines a genetic algorithm with local optimization modules. The final step allows the designer to make a final decision on the optimal solutions proposed by the algorithm. In order to materialize and validate the method, two industrial layout problems are solved. The first one is proposed by Thales Company and deals with the search for an optimal layout of facilities in a shelter. Treated in two and three dimensions, the problem is a global test for the method. The second application, which is more basic, studies the storage of components in a container. The work performed during this PhD has enabled the development of a tool for the designer. Handling components with a parallelepiped shape, the software includes the different steps of the optimization method and integrates the multiobjective solving of layout optimization problems
Cisse, Koua Malick. « Création d’un outil de dimensionnement par optimisation multiphysique et multiobjectif de machines synchro-reluctantes à aimants permanents pour véhicules électriques et hybrides ». Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST062.
Texte intégralIn the work presented in this manuscript, we are interested in the implementation of a multi-physical sizing methodology by optimization of multilayer permanent magnet synchro-reluctant machines. This work aims first to identify the electrical machine technologies that can meet the needs of the automotive industry and then to set up a generic machine optimization methodology independent of the chosen machine technology. We started to review in chapter 1 the different electric machine technologies that can meet the needs of the automotive industry. From this study, we have seen that the current trend is towards the use of permanent magnet synchro-reluctant machines. In chapter 2, we presented the sizing methodology, as well as the fast and accurate multi-physics models we had set up during the thesis. Then, we used the machine dimensioning tool set up to perform sensitivity studies in chapter 3, looking in particular at the influence of the number of pole pairs, the ferromagnetic material characteristic, the number of magnet layers, etc. on the dimensioning of the synchro-reluctant machine. Finally, in the last chapter of the thesis, we dimensioned a 3kW machine prototype in order to validate the optimization approach and the physical models used during the dimensioning of the synchro-reluctant machine
Sauvanet, Gaël. « Recherche de chemins multiobjectifs pour la conception et la réalisation d'une centrale de mobilité destinées aux cyclistes ». Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR4006/document.
Texte intégralThe work presented in this thesis aims at proposing methods for computing bicycle paths across a metropolitan. Several criteria such as distance, safety and effort must be considered in the path computation. The difficulty is to compute paths under a time constraint of a few seconds, in order to integrate the computation in the respond-time of a web page.Two approaches were discussed to solve this problem. The first one is an a posteriori approach where all compromise solutions are computed and the second approach is an a priori method that takes user preferences into account to guide the search by the selection of the most promising sub-paths first. Finally, we propose to model the road network as a line graph to take into account new criteria,requiring costs on arc sequences for example. All this work was necessary to develop the service Géovélo, which is a multiobjective route planner adapted to bicycle. The service is available on a website and as mobile applications
Delande, Emmanuel. « Filtrage PHD multicapteur avec application à la gestion de capteurs ». Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688304.
Texte intégralValenzuela, Venegas Guillermo Andrés. « Design of sustainable and resilient eco-industrial parks by means of optimization tools ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2019. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170133.
Texte intégralNowadays, the increase in the industrial production is causing environmental problems when appropriate planning and control are absent. To overcome this situation, the Eco-Industrial Parks (EIPs) arise as a new way to plan and design industrial complexes, where the companies located together are connected with each other to achieve sustainability advantages for its participants and the sector. Since these advantages depend on its configuration, a proper planning and design is critical. Moreover, the stability of this network plays a significant part when a participant suffers a stop in production. This work seeks to propose a mathematical-based design of an EIP to promote and support the implementation of industrial networks with sustainability and security objectives. To achieve this goal, (i) a database of sustainability indicators is built and four criteria for their selection are proposed; (ii) a resilience indicator for EIPs is defined to improve their operation security; and (iii) a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated to design EIPs. A significant set of sustainability indicators are listed and classified regarding the number of assessed dimensions: \textit{single}, if one sustainability dimensions is assessed, and \textit{integrated}, if two or three are assessed. Moreover, to select a subset of proper indicators, four criteria are proposed: understanding, pragmatism, relevance, and partial representation of sustainability. An indicator is constructed and proposed to follow the resilience of an EIP, improving the security of the whole system by considering the dynamic of the participants to endure a disruptive event. This indicator is based on two main characteristics of an industrial network: its topology and its operation; which are respectively assessed by the weighted sum of two sub-indicators: Network Connectivity Index (NCI) and Flow Adaptability Index (φ). A multi-objective optimization model is constructed based on the industrial complex of Ulsan, in South Korea, in order to design a sustainable and resilient EIP. This model considers a subset of sustainability indicators and the proposed resilience indicator. The sustainability indicators are filtered with the four criteria for selection. The resulting configurations improve all the considered aspects at the same time, allowing to design an EIP with focus on its sustainability and resilience. The use of the resilience indicator as an additional objective allows to compose an EIP with an improved adaptation to reality, addressing the reluctance of the industries to participate in this industrial network. Finally, the optimization model achieves the systematic design of new EIPs, considering the sustainability and resilience aspects as objectives in the optimization. This tool could play an important role in supporting decision-makers to design industrial networks, generating new, more sustainable and more resilient alternatives.
CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional/2014-21140400
Sawadogo, Marie. « Intégration de l'impact environnemental, sociétal et économique du transport intermodal au sein des chaînes logistiques vertes : optimisation multiobjectif par les colonies de fourmis ». Thesis, Metz, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011METZ037S/document.
Texte intégralThe topic of this thesis is about environmental and societal impacts abatement within the green supply chain. This thesis is taking place in the Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Production of Metz (LGIPM). Our goal is to develop a decision support system in choosing a path with the less environmental and societal impacts. For building our decision support system, we defined a mathematical model which computes for each part in our transportation network, the travel time, the transportation cost and the damage due to transshipment, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions that are emitted, the energy consumption, the noise emitted and the accident risk. From this graph, we built a multiobjective shortest path problem. A multiobjective ant colony algorithm MOSPACO (Ant colony optimization for multiobjective shortest path problem) is then proposed to solve the proposed multiobjective shortest path problem; this new algorithm aims to take into account the large number of criteria and intermodal network. The running of the algorithm gives a Pareto front from which the decision maker can choose his desired itinerary
Andolfatto, Loïc. « Assistance à l'élaboration de gammes d'assemblage innovantes de structures composites ». Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062127.
Texte intégralArmand, Decker Stéphanie. « Développement d’une méthode d’optimisation multiobjectif pour la construction bois : prise en compte du confort des usagers, de l’impact environnemental et de la sécurité de l’ouvrage ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0189/document.
Texte intégralIndustrialised countries are seeking to reduce their energy consumption and to use alternative raw materials, including renewables such as wood. To promote its use, multi-storey timber constructive systems need the development of new design methods.Building required a multicriteria design where conflicting objectives must be optimised simultaneously. Research solutions have to achieve the best Pareto-compromise between use performance and environmental impact of the building. This work aims to develop a multiobjective optimisation method of timber multi-storey building.The objectives of maximising floor vibration comfort and minimising heating needs, thermal discomfort, global warming potential and embodied energy are taken into account. A multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain a set of non-dominated solutions which is the Pareto front. The solution space is constrained by regulatory requirements necessary for the safety of the structure. All objective-functions are modelled as analytic functions. Dynamic thermal simulation model outputs are replaced by metamodels.The developed method is implemented on a case study. The results offer a great diversity in a panel of 20 000 optimal solutions. These results provide a basis for discussion between the different actors of a construction project
Sauvanet, Gaël. « Recherche de chemins multiobjectifs pour la conception et la réalisation d'une centrale de mobilité destinée aux cyclistes ». Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00603891.
Texte intégralHadjee, Gino Eric. « Gain environnemental lié à une gestion coordonnée de la charge sur les réseaux de distribution d'énergie électrique ». Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112044.
Texte intégralThe electricity demand has increased with the new developments in the world. This has put the pressure on the power utilities to meet the increasing demand of costumers. On electric power distribution, one simple way for meet this demand is to reinforce the power system capacity. However, this solution need not only expensive investments for electricity distributors but also increases the cost per for the costumers. An innovative way is to operate on costumer level. Then, it is interesting to study the management strategies for smoothing electricity demand curve without compromising the consumers comfort. Generally, the load control located at the level of the house or a group of houses. On this level, it consists in analyzing how a coordinated load management, being based on the typology of the principal electrical appliances, would allow reducing the load peak on distribution network level. On the distributor level, it consists in studying the influence of the tariff profile and proposing an optimization method in order to modify the consumer's behaviour to shift part of the peak load during off peak periods
Madoumier, Martial. « Modélisation et développement d'outils pour l'écoconception d'un procédé de concentration en industrie laitière : cas de l'évaporation du lait ». Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSARB277/document.
Texte intégralThe application of eco-design approaches to food processes is yet hampered by a lack of process models which incorporate product attributes. This thesis consists in developing a methodological framework for the eco-design of food processes, which combines simulation and multiobjective optimisation. This development is supported by the example of the evaporation of milk. The process is modelled with a commercial process simulator, to which property models of the product and heat transfer coefficient models, selected from the literature, are integrated. Cleaning is taken into account with a simplified tool for the calculation of the inventories of a cleaning-in-place sequence.Economic and environmental criteria are computed, so as to analyse the different design solutions. Multiobjective optimisation is carried out with a genetic algorithm, and a multicriteria decision-making method identifies the solutions which offer the best compromise. The potential of the framework is demonstrated through three eco-design studies. This work paves the way for the eco-design of the milk powder production including membrane operations and drying, the use of energy integration methods, and the integration of product quality
CASSE, MARTIN. « Conception d'un spectrographe multiobjets haute resolution pour le very large telescope europeen et etudes des performances de stabilite de mesure des vitesses radiales des couplages par fibres optiques ». Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112439.
Texte intégralBeraud, Benoît. « Méthodologie d’optimisation du contrôle/commande des usines de traitement des eaux résiduaires urbaines basée sur la modélisation et les algorithmes génétiques multi-objectifs ». Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20049.
Texte intégralThe work presented in this thesis concerns the development of an optimization methodology for control laws of wastewater treatment plants. This work is based on the use of WWTP process models in order to simulate their operation. These simulations are used by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, NSGA-II. This optimization algorithm allows the search of optimal solutions when multiple objectives are considered (e. G. The effluent quality, energy consumption, etc. ). It also enables the visualisation of compromises arising between various control laws as well as their respective best domains of application. In a first part of this work, the optimization methodology in developed around four main axes: the conception of a robust simulation procedure, the choice of input datasets for the simulations, the choice of objectives and constraints to consider and the evaluation of long term performances and robustness of control laws. This methodology is then applied on the literature case study of BSM1. In a second part of the work, the methodology is applied on the real case study of Cambrai wastewater treatment plant. This application includes the development of new aspects like the generation of dynamic input datasets out of daily monitoring measurements of the wastewater treatment plant, as well as the simulation of control laws based on oxydo-reduction potential measurements. This application allowed to analyze the compromises between the control law currently tested on the wastewater treatment plant and a new control law foreseen. The benefits of this modification could hence be clearly observed
Torres, Calderon Rosa Maria. « Multi-objective environmentally-friendly departure procedures for civil aircraf : modeling, optimization and robustness assessment ». Toulouse 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU30320.
Texte intégralThis Ph. D. Work introduces the MCDP (Multi-Criteria Departure Procedure) concept, the aim of which is to optimize civil aircraft departure procedures in order to minimize their environmental impact, mainly represented by noise, local air quality and greenhouse gas emissions. It is not possible to determine a single departure procedure minimizing the three objectives simultaneously. Therefore, the concept is modeled as a multi-objective, constrained optimization problem. The MADS direct search optimization technique is used to obtain the Pareto optimal departure procedures associated with this problem. Robustness indicators have then been built to determine the impact of uncertainty on the Pareto front. Application to Airbus aircraft of the methodologies developed shows the potential interest of optimizing the departure phase in terms of environmental benefits