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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Multidimensional encoding »

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Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 16 juillet 2024

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1

Eurich, Christian W., et Stefan D. Wilke. « Multidimensional Encoding Strategy of Spiking Neurons ». Neural Computation 12, no 7 (1 juillet 2000) : 1519–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976600300015240.

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Neural responses in sensory systems are typically triggered by a multitude of stimulus features. Using information theory, we study the encoding accuracy of a population of stochastically spiking neurons characterized by different tuning widths for the different features. The optimal encoding strategy for representing one feature most accurately consists of narrow tuning in the dimension to be encoded, to increase the single-neuron Fisher information, and broad tuning in all other dimensions, to increase the number of active neurons. Extremely narrow tuning without sufficient receptive field overlap will severely worsen the coding. This implies the existence of an optimal tuning width for the feature to be encoded. Empirically, only a subset of all stimulus features will normally be accessible. In this case, relative encoding errors can be calculated that yield a criterion for the function of a neural population based on the measured tuning curves.
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Pooksombat, Perathorn, Patanee Udomkavanich et Wittawat Kositwattanarerk. « Multidimensional Fibonacci Coding ». Mathematics 10, no 3 (27 janvier 2022) : 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10030386.

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Fibonacci codes are self-synchronizing variable-length codes that are proven useful for their robustness and compression capability. Asymptotically, these codes provide better compression efficiency as the order of the underlying Fibonacci sequence increases but at the price of the increased suffix length. We propose a circumvention to this problem by introducing higher-dimensional Fibonacci codes for integer vectors. The resulting multidimensional Fibonacci coding is comparable to the classical one in terms of compression; while encoding several numbers all at once for a shared suffix generally results in a shorter codeword, the efficiency takes a backlash when terms from different orders of magnitude are encoded together. In addition, while laying the groundwork for the new encoding scheme, we provide extensive theoretical background and generalize the theorem of Zeckendorf to higher order. As such, our work unifies several variations of Zeckendorf’s theorem while also providing new grounds for its legitimacy.
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Xu, Di Jian, et Jian Kui Zeng. « Multidimensional Waveform Encoding for Oil Spoil Detection ». Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (février 2014) : 583–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.583.

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In this paper, we present a new algorithm for the signal design in radar whose function is oil spill segmentation, using the minimum description length (MDL) principle and a polygonal active grid. This algorithm is based on two steps: a first partitioning step into homogeneous signals and a second classification step with an automatic thresholding. The obtained method allows one to find a optimal signals for radar.
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Isnardi, M. A. « Multidimensional interpretation of NTSC encoding and decoding ». IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 34, no 1 (1988) : 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/30.75386.

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5

Dumez, Jean-Nicolas, et Lucio Frydman. « Multidimensional excitation pulses based on spatiotemporal encoding concepts ». Journal of Magnetic Resonance 226 (janvier 2013) : 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2012.10.010.

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6

Aoi, Mikio C., Valerio Mante et Jonathan W. Pillow. « Prefrontal cortex exhibits multidimensional dynamic encoding during decision-making ». Nature Neuroscience 23, no 11 (5 octobre 2020) : 1410–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41593-020-0696-5.

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Shrot, Yoav, et Lucio Frydman. « Spatial encoding strategies for ultrafast multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance ». Journal of Chemical Physics 128, no 5 (7 février 2008) : 052209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2834733.

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Fischer, Brian J., Jacob L. Wydick, Christine Köppl et José L. Peña. « Multidimensional stimulus encoding in the auditory nerve of the barn owl ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 144, no 4 (octobre 2018) : 2116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5056171.

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Shrot, Yoav, et Lucio Frydman. « Spatial/spectral encoding of the spin interactions in ultrafast multidimensional NMR ». Journal of Chemical Physics 131, no 22 (14 décembre 2009) : 224516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3266422.

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Lu, Qing, Zhenguo Lu, Hongzhao Yang, Shenshen Yang et Yongmin Li. « FPGA-Based Implementation of Multidimensional Reconciliation Encoding in Quantum Key Distribution ». Entropy 25, no 1 (31 décembre 2022) : 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010080.

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We propose a multidimensional reconciliation encoding algorithm based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with variable data throughput that enables quantum key distribution (QKD) systems to be adapted to different throughput requirements. Using the circulatory structure, data flow in the most complex pipeline operation in the same time interval, which enables the structural multiplexing of the algorithm. We handle the calculation and storage of eight-dimensional matrices cleverly to conserve resources and increase data processing speed. In order to obtain the syndrome more efficiently, we designed a simplified algorithm according to the characteristics of the FPGA and parity-check matrix, which omits the unnecessary operation of matrix multiplication. The simplified algorithm could adapt to different rates. We validated the feasibility and high speed of the algorithm by implementing the multidimensional reconciliation encoding algorithm on a Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA. Our simulation results show that the maximum throughput could reach 4.88 M symbols/s.
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11

Stringer, Carsen, Marius Pachitariu, Nicholas Steinmetz, Charu Bai Reddy, Matteo Carandini et Kenneth D. Harris. « Spontaneous behaviors drive multidimensional, brainwide activity ». Science 364, no 6437 (19 avril 2019) : eaav7893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7893.

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Neuronal populations in sensory cortex produce variable responses to sensory stimuli and exhibit intricate spontaneous activity even without external sensory input. Cortical variability and spontaneous activity have been variously proposed to represent random noise, recall of prior experience, or encoding of ongoing behavioral and cognitive variables. Recording more than 10,000 neurons in mouse visual cortex, we observed that spontaneous activity reliably encoded a high-dimensional latent state, which was partially related to the mouse’s ongoing behavior and was represented not just in visual cortex but also across the forebrain. Sensory inputs did not interrupt this ongoing signal but added onto it a representation of external stimuli in orthogonal dimensions. Thus, visual cortical population activity, despite its apparently noisy structure, reliably encodes an orthogonal fusion of sensory and multidimensional behavioral information.
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Dai, Mingjun, Chanting Zhang, Zhaoyan Hong, Paweł Wawrzyński, Tomasz Trzciński et Xiaohui Lin. « Multiple Dimensional Encoding/Modulation Shift-and-Addition Design for Distributed Systems ». Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (15 septembre 2022) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5615041.

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In distributed computing/storage/machine learning system, the method of encoding and decoding combing shift-and-addition (SA) and zigzag decoding (ZD) is proposed to solve the problem of high computational complexity. However, in each encoded packet, one element takes part in the encoding only once, so the obtained overhead is extremely high. In this work, based on the idea of multidimensional encoding/modulation, we propose to employ one element of the encoding process multiple times when constructing one encoded packet based on the Cauchy matrix, thereby leveraging the favourable properties of the code based on Cauchy matrix. The overhead is reduced from square to logarithmic in certain parameters. Compared with the overhead of the existing square computational complexity, it is greatly reduced.
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13

MAKINO, Masafumi, Tatsuo TSUJI et Ken HIGUCHI. « History-Pattern Encoding for Large-Scale Dynamic Multidimensional Datasets and Its Evaluations ». IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems E99.D, no 4 (2016) : 989–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2015dap0025.

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14

Dimitrov, V., et G. A. Jullien. « Multidimensional algebraic-integer encoding for high performance implementation of DCT and IDCT ». Electronics Letters 39, no 7 (2003) : 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20030406.

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Feng He, Xile Ma, Zhen Dong et Diannong Liang. « Digital Beamforming on Receive in Elevation for Multidimensional Waveform Encoding SAR Sensing ». IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 11, no 12 (décembre 2014) : 2173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2014.2323267.

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16

Dmochowski, Jacek P., Jason J. Ki, Paul DeGuzman, Paul Sajda et Lucas C. Parra. « Extracting multidimensional stimulus-response correlations using hybrid encoding-decoding of neural activity ». NeuroImage 180 (octobre 2018) : 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.037.

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Anooshian, Linda J., et Julie A. Samuelson. « Age Differences in Processing : Assessments of Depth, Elaboration and Encoding-Retrieval Compatibility with Multidimensional Scaling ». International Journal of Aging and Human Development 22, no 4 (juin 1986) : 271–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ja5w-nt1l-hn4j-papc.

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Young, middle-age, and old adults ranked similarities of word pairs in a conditional rank-ordering task. Multidimensional scaling analyses of those similarity judgments provided measures of depth of processing (the kind of attribute dimensions considered in ranking similarities) and elaboration (the number of dimensions considered). Analyses of variance revealed an age-related decline in semantic processing but no such decline for elaboration. In recalling the words after the rank-ordering task, old adults' retrieval was less compatible with initial processing than was the case for younger adults, i.e., there was less correspondence between inter-word distances in recall and in the scaling solutions. The results confirmed the feasibility of multidimensional scaling methods for evaluating levels-of-processing issues.
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18

Shen, Zixuan, Zhihua Xia et Peipeng Yu. « PLDP : Personalized Local Differential Privacy for Multidimensional Data Aggregation ». Security and Communication Networks 2021 (28 janvier 2021) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6684179.

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The collection of multidimensional crowdsourced data has caused a public concern because of the privacy issues. To address it, local differential privacy (LDP) is proposed to protect the crowdsourced data without much loss of usage, which is popularly used in practice. However, the existing LDP protocols ignore users’ personal privacy requirements in spite of offering good utility for multidimensional crowdsourced data. In this paper, we consider the personality of data owners in protection and utilization of their multidimensional data by introducing the notion of personalized LDP (PLDP). Specifically, we design personalized multiple optimized unary encoding (PMOUE) to perturb data owners’ data, which satisfies ϵ total -PLDP. Then, the aggregation algorithm for frequency estimation on multidimensional data under PLDP is developed, which is described in two situations. Experiments are conducted on four real datasets, and the results show that the proposed aggregation algorithm yields high utility. Moreover, case studies with four real datasets demonstrate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed scheme.
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19

Cornell, Paul. « Performance and Qwl in a Data Entry Task ». Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no 12 (septembre 1987) : 1350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703101211.

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The effects of the work environment on performance and QWL was examined in bank proof encoding departments. A multidimensional model was proposed and included environmental factors, people factors, and organizational effectiveness. A large set of variables, measuring all aspects of the model, was reduced via stepwise regression and subjected to a canonical correlation, which yielded two variates. Job design and context were strongly linked to QWL, while job and organizational design, and the physical environment were linked to performance. The necessity of a multidimensional approach was supported by the findings. The model proved useful, but only in a limited sense.
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20

O. S. Raspopov. « MULTI-MEASURING MATRIXES IN DYNAMICS SOLUTIONS OF SPATIAL BEAM SYSTEMS ». Science and Transport Progress, no 34 (25 octobre 2010) : 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2010/9238.

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The dynamics of spatial beam systems using the theory of graphs and automats is considered. It is shown that the structural composition of multidimensional models can be set using the spatial matrices. An efficient algorithm for the separation of the system into blocks and encoding the states of each subsystem is developed.
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21

Brockett, Adam T., Daniela Vázquez et Matthew R. Roesch. « Prediction errors and valence : From single units to multidimensional encoding in the amygdala ». Behavioural Brain Research 404 (avril 2021) : 113176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113176.

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22

Jalali Varnamkhasti, M., et L. S. Lee. « A Fuzzy Genetic Algorithm Based on Binary Encoding for Solving Multidimensional Knapsack Problems ». Journal of Applied Mathematics 2012 (2012) : 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/703601.

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The fundamental problem in genetic algorithms is premature convergence, and it is strongly related to the loss of genetic diversity of the population. This study aims at proposing some techniques to tackle the premature convergence by controlling the population diversity. Firstly, a sexual selection mechanism which utilizes the mate chromosome during selection is used. The second technique focuses on controlling the genetic parameters by applying the fuzzy logic controller. Computational experiments are conducted on the proposed techniques and the results are compared with other genetic operators, heuristics, and local search algorithms commonly used for solving multidimensional 0/1 knapsack problems published in the literature.
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23

Zhang, Zhiyong, Pieter E. S. Smith et Lucio Frydman. « Reducing acquisition times in multidimensional NMR with a time-optimized Fourier encoding algorithm ». Journal of Chemical Physics 141, no 19 (21 novembre 2014) : 194201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4901561.

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24

Bittoun, J., O. Jolivet, A. Herment, E. Itti, E. Durand, E. Mousseaux et J. P. Tasu. « Multidimensional MR mapping of multiple components of velocity and acceleration by fourier phase encoding with a small number of encoding steps ». Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 44, no 5 (2000) : 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1522-2594(200011)44:5<723 ::aid-mrm10>3.0.co;2-5.

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25

Krieger, Gerhard, Nicolas Gebert et Alberto Moreira. « Multidimensional Waveform Encoding : A New Digital Beamforming Technique for Synthetic Aperture Radar Remote Sensing ». IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 46, no 1 (janvier 2008) : 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2007.905974.

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26

Hadrup, Sine Reker, Arnold H. Bakker, Chengyi J. Shu, Rikke S. Andersen, Jerre van Veluw, Pleun Hombrink, Emilie Castermans et al. « Parallel detection of antigen-specific T-cell responses by multidimensional encoding of MHC multimers ». Nature Methods 6, no 7 (21 juin 2009) : 520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1345.

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Etemadpour, Ronak, et Angus Graeme Forbes. « Density-based motion ». Information Visualization 16, no 1 (26 juillet 2016) : 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871615606187.

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A common strategy for encoding multidimensional data for visual analysis is to use dimensionality reduction techniques that project data from higher dimensions onto a lower-dimensional space. This article examines the use of motion to retain an accurate representation of the point density of clusters that might otherwise be lost when a multidimensional dataset is projected into a two-dimensional space. Specifically, we consider different types of density-based motion, where the magnitude of the motion is directly related to the density of the clusters. We investigate how users interpret motion in two-dimensional scatterplots and whether or not they are able to effectively interpret the point density of the clusters through motion. We conducted a series of user studies with both synthetic and real-world datasets to explore how motion can help users in completing various multidimensional data analysis tasks. Our findings indicate that for some tasks, motion outperforms the static scatterplots; circular path motions in particular give significantly better results compared to the other motions. We also found that users were easily able to distinguish clusters with different densities as long the magnitudes of motion were above a particular threshold. Our results indicate that incorporating density-based motion into visualization analytics systems effectively enables the exploration and analysis of multidimensional datasets.
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Cui, Yilong, Hiroyuki Neyama, Di Hu, Tianliang Huang, Emi Hayashinaka, Yasuhiro Wada et Yasuyoshi Watanabe. « FDG PET Imaging of the Pain Matrix in Neuropathic Pain Model Rats ». Biomedicines 11, no 1 (27 décembre 2022) : 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11010063.

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Pain is an unpleasant subjective experience that is usually modified by complex multidimensional neuropsychological processes. Increasing numbers of neuroimaging studies in humans have characterized the hierarchical brain areas forming a pain matrix, which is involved in the different dimensions of pain components. Although mechanistic investigations have been performed extensively in rodents, the homologous brain regions involved in the multidimensional pain components have not been fully understood in the rodent brain. Herein, we successfully identified several brain regions activated in response to mechanical allodynia in neuropathic pain rat models using an alternative neuroimaging method based on 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) scanning. Regions such as the medial prefrontal cortex, primary somatosensory cortex hindlimb region, and the centrolateral thalamic nucleus were identified. Moreover, brain activity in these regions was positively correlated with mechanical allodynia-related behavioral changes. These results suggest that FDG PET imaging in neuropathic pain model rats enables the evaluation of regional brain activity encoding the multidimensional pain aspect. It could thus be a fascinating tool to bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical investigations.
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Zhang, Jian, et Li Jun Zhao. « Visualization of IDS Logs Based on Regular Polygon of Even Sides ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (août 2014) : 2157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.2157.

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In the field of network security, logs analysis is an efficient protecting measure. But it couldn’t meet with the requirements of dealing with threaten rapidly and responding at real time only with security administrator’s analysis of abundant multidimensional IDS logs. Visualization of multidimensional data is applied in information cognition and decision, with people’s perception of graph and advanced technology of computer’s dealing with abundant data. A frame of visualization in intrusion detection is proposed according to the process of visualization and intrusion detection. And then a simple efficient attribute encoding is put forward. K-dimensional logs are converted to the right regular polygon of even sides (RPES) using optimization algorithm. The experiments show that this method offers more dimensional distribution information and implicit knowledge and help security administrator to make efficient decision.
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Atencio, Craig A., Tatyana O. Sharpee et Christoph E. Schreiner. « Receptive field dimensionality increases from the auditory midbrain to cortex ». Journal of Neurophysiology 107, no 10 (15 mai 2012) : 2594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01025.2011.

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In the primary auditory cortex, spectrotemporal receptive fields (STRFs) are composed of multiple independent components that capture the processing of disparate stimulus aspects by any given neuron. The origin of these multidimensional stimulus filters in the central auditory system is unknown. To determine whether multicomponent STRFs emerge prior to the forebrain, we recorded from single neurons in the main obligatory station of the auditory midbrain, the inferior colliculus. By comparing results of different spike-triggered techniques, we found that the neural responses in the inferior colliculus can be accounted for by a single stimulus filter. This was observed for all temporal response patterns, from strongly phasic to tonic. Our results reveal that spectrotemporal stimulus encoding undergoes a fundamental transformation along the auditory neuraxis, with the emergence of multidimensional receptive fields beyond the auditory midbrain.
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Riznyk, Volodymyr. « Optimization of Encoding Design Based on the Spatial Geometry Remarkable Properties ». WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 21 (5 juillet 2022) : 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23205.2022.21.33.

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This paper involves techniques for optimization of encoding design based on the remarkable geometric property of ring symmetry which contains two complementary asymmetries as the World harmony law for improving the quality indices of one- and multidimensional cyclic codes with respect to performance reliability, transmission speed, and transmission content, using vector data coding. These design techniques make it possible to configure encoding system with minimized number of digit weights, while maintaining or improving on error protection, security, and function of autocorrelation. Such sets are t-dimensional vectors, each of them together with all their modular sums enumerate the set node points grid of the coordinate system with the corresponding sizes and dimensionality. Systemic researches based on remarkable geometric properties of multi-modular mathematical structures such as “Glory to Ukraine Star” (GUS) combinatorial configurations demonstrated.
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Jiang, Hong, Leo Svenningsson et Daniel Topgaard. « Multidimensional encoding of restricted and anisotropic diffusion by double rotation of the q vector ». Magnetic Resonance 4, no 1 (15 mars 2023) : 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/mr-4-73-2023.

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Abstract. Diffusion NMR and MRI methods building on the classic pulsed gradient spin-echo sequence are sensitive to many aspects of translational motion, including time and frequency dependence (“restriction”), anisotropy, and flow, leading to ambiguities when interpreting experimental data from complex heterogeneous materials such as living biological tissues. While the oscillating gradient technique specifically targets frequency dependence and permits control of the sensitivity to flow, tensor-valued encoding enables investigations of anisotropy in orientationally disordered materials. Here, we propose a simple scheme derived from the “double-rotation” technique in solid-state NMR to generate a family of modulated gradient waveforms allowing for comprehensive exploration of the 2D frequency–anisotropy space and convenient investigation of both restricted and anisotropic diffusion with a single multidimensional acquisition protocol, thereby combining the desirable characteristics of the oscillating gradient and tensor-valued encoding techniques. The method is demonstrated by measuring multicomponent isotropic Gaussian diffusion in simple liquids, anisotropic Gaussian diffusion in a polydomain lyotropic liquid crystal, and restricted diffusion in a yeast cell sediment.
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Feng, Fan, Shiqiang Li, Weidong Yu, Pingping Huang et Wei Xu. « Echo Separation in Multidimensional Waveform Encoding SAR Remote Sensing Using an Advanced Null-Steering Beamformer ». IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 50, no 10 (octobre 2012) : 4157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2012.2187905.

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Atkinson, Amy L., Alan D. Baddeley et Richard J. Allen. « Remember some or remember all ? Ageing and strategy effects in visual working memory ». Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no 7 (1 janvier 2018) : 1561–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1341537.

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Recent research has indicated that visual working memory capacity for unidimensional items might be boosted by focusing on all presented items, as opposed to a subset of them. However, it is not clear whether the same outcomes would be observed if more complex items were used which require feature binding, a potentially more demanding task. The current experiments, therefore, examined the effects of encoding strategy using multidimensional items in tasks that required feature binding. Effects were explored across a range of different age groups (Experiment 1) and task conditions (Experiment 2). In both experiments, participants performed significantly better when focusing on a subset of items, regardless of age or methodological variations, suggesting this is the optimal strategy to use when several multidimensional items are presented and binding is required. Implications for task interpretation and visual working memory function are discussed.
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Bao, Yanjun, Ying Yu, Haofei Xu, Qiaoling Lin, Yin Wang, Juntao Li, Zhang-Kai Zhou et Xue-Hua Wang. « Multidimensional Optical Control : Coherent Pixel Design of Metasurfaces for Multidimensional Optical Control of Multiple Printing-Image Switching and Encoding (Adv. Funct. Mater. 51/2018) ». Advanced Functional Materials 28, no 51 (décembre 2018) : 1870366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201870366.

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Arcolezi, Héber H., Sébastien Gambs, Jean-François Couchot et Catuscia Palamidessi. « On the Risks of Collecting Multidimensional Data Under Local Differential Privacy ». Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 16, no 5 (janvier 2023) : 1126–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3579075.3579086.

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The private collection of multiple statistics from a population is a fundamental statistical problem. One possible approach to realize this is to rely on the local model of differential privacy (LDP). Numerous LDP protocols have been developed for the task of frequency estimation of single and multiple attributes. These studies mainly focused on improving the utility of the algorithms to ensure the server performs the estimations accurately. In this paper, we investigate privacy threats (re-identification and attribute inference attacks) against LDP protocols for multidimensional data following two state-of-the-art solutions for frequency estimation of multiple attributes. To broaden the scope of our study, we have also experimentally assessed five widely used LDP protocols, namely, generalized randomized response, optimal local hashing, subset selection, RAPPOR and optimal unary encoding. Finally, we also proposed a countermeasure that improves both utility and robustness against the identified threats. Our contributions can help practitioners aiming to collect users' statistics privately to decide which LDP mechanism best fits their needs.
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Bao, Yanjun, Ying Yu, Haofei Xu, Qiaoling Lin, Yin Wang, Juntao Li, Zhang-Kai Zhou et Xue-Hua Wang. « Coherent Pixel Design of Metasurfaces for Multidimensional Optical Control of Multiple Printing-Image Switching and Encoding ». Advanced Functional Materials 28, no 51 (23 octobre 2018) : 1805306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201805306.

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olde Scheper, Tjeerd V. « Criticality Analysis : Bio-Inspired Nonlinear Data Representation ». Entropy 25, no 12 (14 décembre 2023) : 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25121660.

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The representation of arbitrary data in a biological system is one of the most elusive elements of biological information processing. The often logarithmic nature of information in amplitude and frequency presented to biosystems prevents simple encapsulation of the information contained in the input. Criticality Analysis (CA) is a bio-inspired method of information representation within a controlled Self-Organised Critical system that allows scale-free representation. This is based on the concept of a reservoir of dynamic behaviour in which self-similar data will create dynamic nonlinear representations. This unique projection of data preserves the similarity of data within a multidimensional neighbourhood. The input can be reduced dimensionally to a projection output that retains the features of the overall data, yet has a much simpler dynamic response. The method depends only on the Rate Control of Chaos applied to the underlying controlled models, which allows the encoding of arbitrary data and promises optimal encoding of data given biologically relevant networks of oscillators. The CA method allows for a biologically relevant encoding mechanism of arbitrary input to biosystems, creating a suitable model for information processing in varying complexity of organisms and scale-free data representation for machine learning.
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Ventocilla, Elio, et Maria Riveiro. « A comparative user study of visualization techniques for cluster analysis of multidimensional data sets ». Information Visualization 19, no 4 (4 juillet 2020) : 318–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871620922166.

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This article presents an empirical user study that compares eight multidimensional projection techniques for supporting the estimation of the number of clusters, [Formula: see text], embedded in six multidimensional data sets. The selection of the techniques was based on their intended design, or use, for visually encoding data structures, that is, neighborhood relations between data points or groups of data points in a data set. Concretely, we study: the difference between the estimates of [Formula: see text] as given by participants when using different multidimensional projections; the accuracy of user estimations with respect to the number of labels in the data sets; the perceived usability of each multidimensional projection; whether user estimates disagree with [Formula: see text] values given by a set of cluster quality measures; and whether there is a difference between experienced and novice users in terms of estimates and perceived usability. The results show that: dendrograms (from Ward’s hierarchical clustering) are likely to lead to estimates of [Formula: see text] that are different from those given with other multidimensional projections, while Star Coordinates and Radial Visualizations are likely to lead to similar estimates; t-Stochastic Neighbor Embedding is likely to lead to estimates which are closer to the number of labels in a data set; cluster quality measures are likely to produce estimates which are different from those given by users using Ward and t-Stochastic Neighbor Embedding; U-Matrices and reachability plots will likely have a low perceived usability; and there is no statistically significant difference between the answers of experienced and novice users. Moreover, as data dimensionality increases, cluster quality measures are likely to produce estimates which are different from those perceived by users using any of the assessed multidimensional projections. It is also apparent that the inherent complexity of a data set, as well as the capability of each visual technique to disclose such complexity, has an influence on the perceived usability.
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Bush, Nicholas E., Sara A. Solla et Mitra J. Z. Hartmann. « Continuous, multidimensional coding of 3D complex tactile stimuli by primary sensory neurons of the vibrissal system ». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no 32 (5 août 2021) : e2020194118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020194118.

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Across all sensory modalities, first-stage sensory neurons are an information bottleneck: they must convey all information available for an animal to perceive and act in its environment. Our understanding of coding properties of primary sensory neurons in the auditory and visual systems has been aided by the use of increasingly complex, naturalistic stimulus sets. By comparison, encoding properties of primary somatosensory afferents are poorly understood. Here, we use the rodent whisker system to examine how tactile information is represented in primary sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglion (Vg). Vg neurons have long been thought to segregate into functional classes associated with separate streams of information processing. However, this view is based on Vg responses to restricted stimulus sets which potentially underreport the coding capabilities of these neurons. In contrast, the current study records Vg responses to complex three-dimensional (3D) stimulation while quantifying the complete 3D whisker shape and mechanics, thereby beginning to reveal their full representational capabilities. The results show that individual Vg neurons simultaneously represent multiple mechanical features of a stimulus, do not preferentially encode principal components of the stimuli, and represent continuous and tiled variations of all available mechanical information. These results directly contrast with proposed codes in which subpopulations of Vg neurons encode select stimulus features. Instead, individual Vg neurons likely overcome the information bottleneck by encoding large regions of a complex sensory space. This proposed tiled and multidimensional representation at the Vg directly constrains the computations performed by more central neurons of the vibrissotrigeminal pathway.
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Rios-Carrillo, Ricardo, Alonso Ramírez-Manzanares, Hiram Luna-Munguía, Mirelta Regalado et Luis Concha. « Differentiation of white matter histopathology using b-tensor encoding and machine learning ». PLOS ONE 18, no 6 (23 juin 2023) : e0282549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282549.

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Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is a non-invasive technique that is sensitive to microstructural geometry in neural tissue and is useful for the detection of neuropathology in research and clinical settings. Tensor-valued diffusion encoding schemes (b-tensor) have been developed to enrich the microstructural data that can be obtained through DW-MRI. These advanced methods have proven to be more specific to microstructural properties than conventional DW-MRI acquisitions. Additionally, machine learning methods are particularly useful for the study of multidimensional data sets. In this work, we have tested the reach of b-tensor encoding data analyses with machine learning in different histopathological scenarios. We achieved this in three steps: 1) We induced different levels of white matter damage in rodent optic nerves. 2) We obtained ex vivo DW-MRI data with b-tensor encoding schemes and calculated quantitative metrics using Q-space trajectory imaging. 3) We used a machine learning model to identify the main contributing features and built a voxel-wise probabilistic classification map of histological damage. Our results show that this model is sensitive to characteristics of microstructural damage. In conclusion, b-tensor encoded DW-MRI data analyzed with machine learning methods, have the potential to be further developed for the detection of histopathology and neurodegeneration.
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Attia, Mohamed, Waleed Nazih, Mohamed Al-Badrashiny et Hamed Elsimary. « A General scheme for dithering multidimensional signals, and a visual instance of encoding images with limited palettes ». Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences 26, no 2 (juillet 2014) : 202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2013.12.002.

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Coskunuzer, Baris, Ignacio Segovia-Dominguez, Yuzhou Chen et Yulia R. Gel. « Time-Aware Knowledge Representations of Dynamic Objects with Multidimensional Persistence ». Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no 10 (24 mars 2024) : 11678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i10.29051.

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Learning time-evolving objects such as multivariate time series and dynamic networks requires the development of novel knowledge representation mechanisms and neural network architectures, which allow for capturing implicit time-dependent information contained in the data. Such information is typically not directly observed but plays a key role in the learning task performance. In turn, lack of time dimension in knowledge encoding mechanisms for time-dependent data leads to frequent model updates, poor learning performance, and, as a result, subpar decision-making. Here we propose a new approach to a time-aware knowledge representation mechanism that notably focuses on implicit time-dependent topological information along multiple geometric dimensions. In particular, we propose a new approach, named Temporal MultiPersistence (TMP), which produces multidimensional topological fingerprints of the data by using the existing single parameter topological summaries. The main idea behind TMP is to merge the two newest directions in topological representation learning, that is, multi-persistence which simultaneously describes data shape evolution along multiple key parameters, and zigzag persistence to enable us to extract the most salient data shape information over time. We derive theoretical guarantees of TMP vectorizations and show its utility, in application to forecasting on benchmark traffic flow, Ethereum blockchain, and electrocardiogram datasets, demonstrating the competitive performance, especially, in scenarios of limited data records. In addition, our TMP method improves the computational efficiency of the state-of-the-art multipersistence summaries up to 59.5 times.
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LUQUE, NICETO R., JESÚS A. GARRIDO, JARNO RALLI, JUANLU J. LAREDO et EDUARDO ROS. « FROM SENSORS TO SPIKES : EVOLVING RECEPTIVE FIELDS TO ENHANCE SENSORIMOTOR INFORMATION IN A ROBOT-ARM ». International Journal of Neural Systems 22, no 04 (25 juillet 2012) : 1250013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012906571250013x.

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In biological systems, instead of actual encoders at different joints, proprioception signals are acquired through distributed receptive fields. In robotics, a single and accurate sensor output per link (encoder) is commonly used to track the position and the velocity. Interfacing bio-inspired control systems with spiking neural networks emulating the cerebellum with conventional robots is not a straight forward task. Therefore, it is necessary to adapt this one-dimensional measure (encoder output) into a multidimensional space (inputs for a spiking neural network) to connect, for instance, the spiking cerebellar architecture; i.e. a translation from an analog space into a distributed population coding in terms of spikes. This paper analyzes how evolved receptive fields (optimized towards information transmission) can efficiently generate a sensorimotor representation that facilitates its discrimination from other "sensorimotor states". This can be seen as an abstraction of the Cuneate Nucleus (CN) functionality in a robot-arm scenario. We model the CN as a spiking neuron population coding in time according to the response of mechanoreceptors during a multi-joint movement in a robot joint space. An encoding scheme that takes into account the relative spiking time of the signals propagating from peripheral nerve fibers to second-order somatosensory neurons is proposed. Due to the enormous number of possible encodings, we have applied an evolutionary algorithm to evolve the sensory receptive field representation from random to optimized encoding. Following the nature-inspired analogy, evolved configurations have shown to outperform simple hand-tuned configurations and other homogenized configurations based on the solution provided by the optimization engine (evolutionary algorithm). We have used artificial evolutionary engines as the optimization tool to circumvent nonlinearity responses in receptive fields.
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Wernersson, Sven, Göran Carlström, Andreas Jakobsson et Mikael Akke. « Rapid measurement of heteronuclear transverse relaxation rates using non-uniformly sampled <i>R</i><sub>1<i>ρ</i></sub> ; accordion experiments ». Magnetic Resonance 2, no 2 (12 juillet 2021) : 571–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/mr-2-571-2021.

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Abstract. Multidimensional, heteronuclear NMR relaxation methods are used extensively to characterize the dynamics of biological macromolecules. Acquisition of relaxation datasets on proteins typically requires significant measurement time, often several days. Accordion spectroscopy offers a powerful means to shorten relaxation rate measurements by encoding the “relaxation dimension” into the indirect evolution period in multidimensional experiments. Time savings can also be achieved by non-uniform sampling (NUS) of multidimensional NMR data, which is used increasingly to improve spectral resolution or increase sensitivity per unit time. However, NUS is not commonly implemented in relaxation experiments, because most reconstruction algorithms are inherently nonlinear, leading to problems when estimating signal intensities, relaxation rate constants and their error bounds. We have previously shown how to avoid these shortcomings by combining accordion spectroscopy with NUS, followed by data reconstruction using sparse exponential mode analysis, thereby achieving a dramatic decrease in the total length of longitudinal relaxation experiments. Here, we present the corresponding transverse relaxation experiment, taking into account the special considerations required for its successful implementation in the framework of the accordion-NUS approach. We attain the highest possible precision in the relaxation rate constants by optimizing the NUS scheme with respect to the Cramér–Rao lower bound of the variance of the estimated parameter, given the total number of sampling points and the spectrum-specific signal characteristics. The resulting accordion-NUS R1ρ relaxation experiment achieves comparable precision in the parameter estimates compared to conventional CPMG (Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill) R2 or spin-lock R1ρ experiments while saving an order of magnitude in experiment time.
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Barton, Jason J. S., Christopher J. Fox, Alla Sekunova et Giuseppe Iaria. « Encoding in the Visual Word Form Area : An fMRI Adaptation Study of Words versus Handwriting ». Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22, no 8 (août 2010) : 1649–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21286.

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Written texts are not just words but complex multidimensional stimuli, including aspects such as case, font, and handwriting style, for example. Neuropsychological reports suggest that left fusiform lesions can impair the reading of text for word (lexical) content, being associated with alexia, whereas right-sided lesions may impair handwriting recognition. We used fMRI adaptation in 13 healthy participants to determine if repetition–suppression occurred for words but not handwriting in the left visual word form area (VWFA) and the reverse in the right fusiform gyrus. Contrary to these expectations, we found adaptation for handwriting but not for words in both the left VWFA and the right VWFA homologue. A trend to adaptation for words but not handwriting was seen only in the left middle temporal gyrus. An analysis of anterior and posterior subdivisions of the left VWFA also failed to show any adaptation for words. We conclude that the right and the left fusiform gyri show similar patterns of adaptation for handwriting, consistent with a predominantly perceptual contribution to text processing.
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Sharpee, Tatyana O., Katherine I. Nagel et Allison J. Doupe. « Two-dimensional adaptation in the auditory forebrain ». Journal of Neurophysiology 106, no 4 (octobre 2011) : 1841–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00905.2010.

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Sensory neurons exhibit two universal properties: sensitivity to multiple stimulus dimensions, and adaptation to stimulus statistics. How adaptation affects encoding along primary dimensions is well characterized for most sensory pathways, but if and how it affects secondary dimensions is less clear. We studied these effects for neurons in the avian equivalent of primary auditory cortex, responding to temporally modulated sounds. We showed that the firing rate of single neurons in field L was affected by at least two components of the time-varying sound log-amplitude. When overall sound amplitude was low, neural responses were based on nonlinear combinations of the mean log-amplitude and its rate of change (first time differential). At high mean sound amplitude, the two relevant stimulus features became the first and second time derivatives of the sound log-amplitude. Thus a strikingly systematic relationship between dimensions was conserved across changes in stimulus intensity, whereby one of the relevant dimensions approximated the time differential of the other dimension. In contrast to stimulus mean, increases in stimulus variance did not change relevant dimensions, but selectively increased the contribution of the second dimension to neural firing, illustrating a new adaptive behavior enabled by multidimensional encoding. Finally, we demonstrated theoretically that inclusion of time differentials as additional stimulus features, as seen so prominently in the single-neuron responses studied here, is a useful strategy for encoding naturalistic stimuli, because it can lower the necessary sampling rate while maintaining the robustness of stimulus reconstruction to correlated noise.
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Yao, Zhixin, Jianqin Zhang, Taizeng Li et Ying Ding. « A Trajectory Big Data Storage Model Incorporating Partitioning and Spatio-Temporal Multidimensional Hierarchical Organization ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no 12 (13 décembre 2022) : 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11120621.

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Trajectory big data is suitable for distributed storage retrieval due to its fast update speed and huge data volume, but currently there are problems such as hot data writing, storage skew, high I/O overhead and slow retrieval speed. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a trajectory big data model that incorporates data partitioning and spatio-temporal multi-perspective hierarchical organization. At the spatial level, the model partitions the trajectory data based on the Hilbert curve and combines the pre-partitioning mechanism to solve the problems of hot writing and storage skewing of the distributed database HBase; at the temporal level, the model takes days as the organizational unit, finely encodes them into a minute system and then fuses the data partitioning to build spatio-temporal hybrid encoding to hierarchically organize the trajectory data and solve the problems of efficient storage and retrieval of trajectory data. The experimental results show that the model can effectively improve the storage and retrieval speed of trajectory big data under different orders of magnitude, while ensuring relatively stable writing and query speed, which can provide an efficient data model for trajectory big data mining and analysis.
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Attia, Mohamed, Waleed Nazih, Mohamed Al-Badrashiny et Hamed Elsimary. « Encoding true-color images with a limited palette via soft vector clustering as an instance of dithering multidimensional signals ». Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation 25, no 2 (février 2014) : 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2013.10.008.

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Zhu, Mu, Qingzhou Wu, Zhongli Bai, Yu Song et Qiang Gao. « EEG-eye movement based subject dependence, cross-subject, and cross-session emotion recognition with multidimensional homogeneous encoding space alignment ». Expert Systems with Applications 251 (octobre 2024) : 124001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2024.124001.

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