Articles de revues : « Movement parameter »

1

Demaine, Erik D., Mohammadtaghi Hajiaghayi et Dániel Marx. « Minimizing Movement : Fixed-Parameter Tractability ». ACM Transactions on Algorithms 11, n^o 2 (17 novembre 2014) : 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2650247.

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Nesvidomin, A. V. « Maple-model of movement of particle on an included plane in the function of parameter of movement ». Energy and automation, n^o 3 (25 septembre 2019) : 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/energiya2019.03.114.

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Bjaerum, Steinar. « Ultrasound display of movement parameter gradients ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 115, n^o 5 (2004) : 1877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1757195.

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Kleiber, P., et J. Hampton. « Modeling Effects of FADs and Islands on Movement of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) : Estimating Parameters from Tagging Data ». Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, n^o 12 (1 décembre 1994) : 2642–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-264.

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From an experiment with ordinary dart tags, we have found evidence of the effect of fish-aggregating devices (FADs) and of islands on the movements of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) around the Solomon Islands. By fitting a fish movement model to the tag data, we were able to estimate mortality and movement parameters (including diffusivity), parameters of a function that models FAD attraction, and a separate parameter of island attraction. Diffusivity was high enough to effectively distribute fish throughout the island archipelago (approximately 150 000 km2) within a few months. Estimates of FAD parameters indicate that the presence of up to four or five FADs in an area approximately 50 × 50 km can reduce the propensity for skipjack to leave that area by approximately 50%, but that deploying additional FADs in such an area does not significantly increase their effectiveness in holding skipjack. Estimates of the island attraction parameter imply that the propensity of skipjack for movement away from the archipelago is less than half the propensity for movement within it.

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Ebling, Sarah, Katja Tissi, Sandra Sidler-Miserez, Cheryl Schlumpf et Penny Boyes Braem. « Single-parameter and parameter combination errors in L2 productions of Swiss German Sign Language ». Sign Language and Linguistics 24, n^o 2 (2 juillet 2021) : 143–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.19002.ebl.

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Abstract This article presents a study of errors made by hearing adult L2 learners of Swiss German Sign Language (Deutschschweizerische Gebärdensprache, DSGS). As part of a statistical analysis of single-parameter errors, movement was found to be the parameter most susceptible to errors, followed by location, orientation, and handshape. An analysis of production errors with respect to combinations of manual parameters was also conducted, something that previously has not been undertaken. The parameter combination most frequently involved in errors was movement with location. Possible aspects contributing to the higher error rate for movement are suggested, among which are the inherent complexity of the movement parameter. Finally, the article discusses factors influencing the judgment of errors.

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Goh, Hui-Ting, Shailesh S. Kantak et Katherine J. Sullivan. « Movement Pattern and Parameter Learning in Children ». Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 83, n^o 2 (juin 2012) : 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2012.10599866.

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Fu, Q. G., D. Flament, J. D. Coltz et T. J. Ebner. « Temporal encoding of movement kinematics in the discharge of primate primary motor and premotor neurons ». Journal of Neurophysiology 73, n^o 2 (1 février 1995) : 836–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.2.836.

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1. Several neurophysiological studies of the primary motor and premotor cortices have shown that the movement parameters direction, distance, and target position are correlated with the discharge of single neurons. Here we investigate whether the correlations with these parameters occur simultaneously (i.e., parallel processing), or sequentially (i.e., serial processing). 2. The single-unit data used for the analyses presented in this paper are the same as those used in our earlier study of neuronal specification of movement parameters. We recorded the activity of single neurons in the primary motor and premotor cortices of two rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) while the animals performed reaching movements made in a horizontal plane. Specifically, the animals moved from a centrally located start position to 1 of 48 targets (1 cm2) placed at eight different directions (0-360 degrees in 45 degrees intervals) and six distances (1.4-5.4 cm in 0.8-cm increments) from the start position. 3. We analyzed 130 task-related cells; of these, 127 (99 in primary motor cortex, 28 near the superior precentral sulcus) had average discharges that were significantly modulated with the movement and were related to movement direction, distance, or target position. To determine the temporal profile of the correlation of each cell's discharge with the three parameters, we performed a regression analysis of the neural discharge. We calculated partial R2s for each parameter and the total R2 for the model as a function of time. 4. The discharge of the majority of units (73.2%) was significantly correlated for some time with all three parameters. Other units were found that correlated with different combinations of pairs of parameters (21.3%), and a small number of units appeared to code for only one parameter (5.5%). There was no obvious difference in the presence of correlations between cells recorded in the primary motor versus premotor cortices. 5. On average we found a clear temporal segregation and ordering in the onset of the parameter-related partial R2 values: direction-related discharge occurred first (115 ms before movement onset), followed sequentially by target position (57 ms after movement onset) and movement distance (248 ms after movement onset). Some overlap in the timing of the correlation of these parameters was evident. We found a similar sequential ordering for the latency of the peak of the R2 curves (48, 254, and 515 ms after movement onset, respectively, for direction, target position, and distance).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Iwatsuki, H. « The relationship between physical parameter of movement and movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) ». Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 103, n^o 1 (juillet 1997) : 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4694(97)88533-5.

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White, Lydia. « The Verb-Movement Parameter in Second Language Acquisition ». Language Acquisition 1, n^o 4 (octobre 1990) : 337–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327817la0104_2.

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Ribot-Ciscar, Edith, Valérie Hospod, Jean-Pierre Roll et Jean-Marc Aimonetti. « Fusimotor Drive May Adjust Muscle Spindle Feedback to Task Requirements in Humans ». Journal of Neurophysiology 101, n^o 2 (février 2009) : 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.91041.2008.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the fusimotor control of muscle spindle sensitivity may depend on the movement parameter the task is focused on, either the velocity or the final position reached. The unitary activities of 18 muscle spindle afferents were recorded by microneurography at the common peroneal nerve. We compared in two situations the responses of muscle spindle afferents to ankle movements imposed while the subject was instructed not to pay attention to or to pay attention to the movement, both in the absence of visual cues. In the two situations, three ramp-and-hold movements were imposed in random order. In one situation, the three movements differed by their velocity and in the other by the final position reached. The task consisted in ranking the three movements according to the parameter under consideration (for example, slow, fast, and medium). The results showed that paying attention to movement velocity gave rise to a significant increase in the dynamic and static responses of muscle afferents. In contrast, focusing attention on the final position reached made the muscle spindle feedback better discriminate the different positions and depressed its capacity to discriminate movement velocities. Changes are interpreted as reflecting dynamic and static gamma activation, respectively. The present results support the view that the fusimotor drive depends on the parameter the task is focused on, so that the muscle afferent feedback is adjusted to the task requirements.

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Katnani, Husam A., et Neeraj J. Gandhi. « The relative impact of microstimulation parameters on movement generation ». Journal of Neurophysiology 108, n^o 2 (15 juillet 2012) : 528–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00257.2012.

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Microstimulation is widely used in neurophysiology to characterize brain areas with behavior and in clinical therapeutics to treat neurological disorder. Current intensity and frequency, which respectively influence activation patterns in spatial and temporal domains, are typically selected to elicit a desired response, but their effective influence on behavior has not been thoroughly examined. We delivered microstimulation to the primate superior colliculus while systematically varying each parameter to capture effects of a large range of parameter space. We found that frequency was more effective in driving output properties, whereas properties changed gradually with intensity. Interestingly, when different parameter combinations were matched for total charge, effects on behavioral properties became seemingly equivalent. This study provides a first level resource for choosing desired parameter ranges to effectively manipulate behavior. It also provides insights into interchangeability of parameters, which can assist clinical microstimulation that looks to appropriately control behavior within designated constraints, such as power consumption.

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Tao, Xin Yang, Jian Ping Lin et Shui Sheng Chen. « Sensitivity Analysis on Effect of Parent Materials Parameter on Formability of Tailor Welded Blank ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (juin 2010) : 1177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.1177.

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The parent sheet selection in TWB designing is largely dependant on the effect of parent materials parameters on formability of TWBs. Experiments and FE simulations were performed to study the effect of material parameters of TWB’s parent sheets such as t (thickness ratio), k (strength factor of materials), n (strain hardening index), r (anisotropy index) on LDH and weld-line movement of TWB. Orthogonal experiments and range analysis were used to analyze the sensitivity on effect of different parameter on LDH and weld-line movement. The results show that LDH of TWB decreases with increasing ration of stronger sheets parameters to weaker ones, and the rate decreases gradually; in contrary, weld-line movement increases and the increasing rate decreases gradually. Furthermore, different parameters make various contributions to LDH and weld-line movement of TWBs and the effect degree of each parameter changes with different thickness ratios.

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Šlajpah, Sebastjan, Eva Čebašek, Marko Munih et Matjaž Mihelj. « Time-Based and Path-Based Analysis of Upper-Limb Movements during Activities of Daily Living ». Sensors 23, n^o 3 (23 janvier 2023) : 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031289.

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Patients after stroke need to re-learn functional movements required for independent living throughout the rehabilitation process. In the study, we used a wearable sensory system for monitoring the movement of the upper limbs while performing activities of daily living. We implemented time-based and path-based segmentation of movement trajectories and muscle activity to quantify the activities of the unaffected and the affected upper limbs. While time-based segmentation splits the trajectory in quants of equal duration, path-based segmentation isolates completed movements. We analyzed the hand movement path and forearm muscle activity and introduced a bimanual movement parameter, which enables differentiation between unimanual and bimanual activities. The approach was validated in a study that included a healthy subject and seven patients after stroke with different levels of disabilities. Path-based segmentation provides a more detailed and comprehensive evaluation of upper limb activities, while time-based segmentation is more suitable for real-time assessment and providing feedback to patients. Bimanual movement parameter effectively differentiates between different levels of upper limb involvement and is a clear indicator of the activity of the affected limb relative to the unaffected limb.

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Park, Ji Hun, et Sung Hun Park. « Object Movement Computation from Two Images ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 752-753 (avril 2015) : 1085–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.752-753.1085.

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This paper presents a new object movement computation method using ray vectors generated from two cameras. We compute camera's internal and external parameters of the input images using computed values from partially overlapping input image frames which has the same corresponding fixed feature points. This is achieved by computing fixed points in the environment, camera distortion values and internal and external parameters from stationary objects. Ray vectors cast from each camera to feature points keep camera external parameter values. Using computed camera external parameters, a tracked object's rigid object movement is estimated using maximum likelihood estimation by setting projected intersection points between ray vectors as a part of objective function. Our method is demonstrated and the results are compared to our another movement computation algorithm.

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DeJong, Stacey L., Rebecca L. Birkenmeier et Catherine E. Lang. « Person-Specific Changes in Motor Performance Accompany Upper Extremity Functional Gains After Stroke ». Journal of Applied Biomechanics 28, n^o 3 (juillet 2012) : 304–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.28.3.304.

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In animal models, hundreds of repetitions of upper extremity (UE) task practice promote neural adaptation and functional gain. Recently, we demonstrated improved UE function following a similar intervention for people after stroke. In this secondary analysis, computerized measures of UE task performance were used to identify movement parameters that changed as function improved. Ten people with chronic poststroke hemiparesis participated in high-repetition UE task-specific training 3 times per week for 6 weeks. Before and after training, we assessed UE function with the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and evaluated motor performance using computerized motion capture during a reach-grasp-transport-release task. Movement parameters included the duration of each movement phase, trunk excursion, peak aperture, aperture path ratio, and peak grip force. Group results showed an improvement in ARAT scores (p= .003). Although each individual changed significantly on at least one movement parameter, across the group there were no changes in any movement parameter that reached or approached significance. Changes on the ARAT were not closely related to changes in movement parameters. Since aspects of motor performance that contribute to functional change vary across individuals, an individualized approach to upper extremity motion analysis appears warranted.

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Ozer, D. G., et A. A. Kavakoglu. « Movement as a design parameter : Studio works 2014–2016 ». International Journal of Design & ; Nature and Ecodynamics 12, n^o 2 (28 février 2017) : 194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dne-v12-n2-194-203.

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Wang, Sida, Tianyu Ma et Rutao Yao. « Axial Movement Parameter Study on Preclinical Slit-Slat SPECT ». IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 63, n^o 1 (février 2016) : 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2015.2493043.

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Luboschik, M., M. Röhlig, A. T. Bittig, N. Andrienko, H. Schumann et C. Tominski. « Feature-Driven Visual Analytics of Chaotic Parameter-Dependent Movement ». Computer Graphics Forum 34, n^o 3 (juin 2015) : 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12654.

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Kim, Dae-ik. « Verb Movement and Non-Phase Categories in the Parameter ». Studies in Modern Grammar 102 (30 juin 2019) : 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14342/smog.2019.102.31.

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Fokker, P. A., J. Gunnink, G. de Lange, O. Leeuwenburgh et E. F. van der Veer. « Compaction parameter estimation using surface movement data in Southern Flevoland ». Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 372 (12 novembre 2015) : 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-372-183-2015.

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Abstract. The Southern part of the Flevopolder has shown considerable subsidence since its reclamation in 1967. We have set up an integrated method to use subsidence data, water level data and forward models for compaction, oxidation and the resulting subsidence to estimate the driving parameters. Our procedure, an Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation, is very fast and gives insight into the variability of the estimated parameters and the correlations between them. We used two forward models: the Koppejan model and the Bjerrum model. In first instance, the Bjerrum model seems to perform better than the Koppejan model. This must, however, be corroborated with more elaborate parameter estimation exercises in which in particular the water level development is taken into account.

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Caha, Pavel. « The parameters of case marking and spell out driven movement ». Linguistic Variation Yearbook 2010 10 (31 décembre 2010) : 32–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/livy.10.02cah.

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This paper proposes that case decomposes into a number of separate functional projections, which are ordered in a universal functional sequence. Cross-linguistic variation in position and complexity of case morphology is then accounted for in terms of differential noun phrase movement within the invariant sequence (Cinque 2005). I further investigate the possibility that variation in movement may be reduced to variation in the shape of the actual lexical entries. In order to implement this idea, the model of cyclic spell out by Starke (2009b) is adopted. In this model, each step of external merge is followed by lexical access. Consequently, evacuation movements may be triggered after each step of external merge in order for successful lexicalization to take place. Keywords: agglutination; case; case paradigm; flexion; lexicon; movement; nanosyntax; parameter; phrasal spell out; variation

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Gillan, Douglas J., et Randolph G. Bias. « Fitting Motivation to Fitts’ Law : Effect of a Penalty Contingency on Controlled Movement ». Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, n^o 1 (septembre 2018) : 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621061.

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An experiment examined the effect of a penalty on performance of target acquisition movements, focusing on overall movement time, the fit of the data to Fitts’ Law, and ballistic and homing submovements. Fitts’ Law, MT = a + b[Index of Difficulty], where Index of Difficulty (ID) = log2[Movement distance/target size], focuses on the control of the movement by external stimuli, rather than the consequences of a movement. In this study, participants moved a cursor on a computer screen from a starting point to a target with movement distance and target size varying systematically. In the Penalty condition, when the movement missed the target, the computer screen went blank and the next trial was delayed for 30 seconds. In the Nonpenalty condition, participants did not receive a penalty for missing the target. The results showed that receiving a penalty led to higher movement times, a higher Fitts’ Law slope parameter, fewer errors, and fewer nonerror overshoots of the target. Also, receiving penalties resulted in target acquisition movements with less time spent in the ballistic submovement. The results show that consequences of a movement control movement behavior.

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Choi, Woong, Jongho Lee et Liang Li. « Analysis of Three-Dimensional Circular Tracking Movements Based on Temporo-Spatial Parameters in Polar Coordinates ». Applied Sciences 10, n^o 2 (15 janvier 2020) : 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10020621.

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Motor control characteristics of the human visuomotor control system need to be analyzed in the three-dimensional (3D) space to study and imitate human movements. In this paper, we examined circular tracking movements on two planes in 3D space from a motor control perspective based on three temporospatial parameters in polar coordinates. Sixteen healthy human subjects participated in this study and performed circular target tracking movements rotating at 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 Hz in the frontal or sagittal planes in three-dimensional space. The results showed that two temporal parameter errors on each plane were proportional to the change in the target velocity. Furthermore, frontal plane circular tracking errors without depth for a spatial parameter were lower than those for sagittal plane circular tracking with depth. The experimental protocol and data analysis allowed us to analyze the motor control characteristics temporospatially for circular tracking movement with various depths and speeds in the 3D VR space.

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van Emmerik, R. E. A., et R. C. Wagenaar. « Equifinality and phase-resetting : The role of control parameter manipulations ». Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18, n^o 4 (décembre 1995) : 783–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00041042.

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AbstractIt is argued that the equilibrium point model can lead to new insights regarding transition and stability processes in movement coordination. The role of movement control parameters on equifinality and phase-resetting is discussed; not only control but also external control parameters can affect the global dynamical regime.

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Zhao, Zhihui. « Matching calculation of accidental movement protection device for elevator Car ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2083, n^o 4 (1 novembre 2021) : 042088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2083/4/042088.

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Abstract The cage accidental movement protection system is an important protection system of elevator. The basic principle and structure of the cage accidental movement protection device are described. Combined with the whole process from accidental movement of the cage to the operation of the protection device, the theoretical calculation and judgment principle of the accidental movement of the cage protection device are introduced. Aiming at the requirement of the matching calculation of the accidental movement protection of elevator car, the selection of several key parameters which affect the matching calculation of the accidental movement protection of elevator car was proposed. The influence of several key parameters on the matching calculation is analyzed, and the parameter selection is discussed based on relevant standards, and feasible solutions are proposed. These schemes provide a reference for the selection and matching calculation of accidental movement protection devices.

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Klaps, J., et A. J. Day. « Steering drift and wheel movement during braking : Parameter sensitivity studies ». Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D : Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, n^o 12 (décembre 2003) : 1107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070360729446.

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Лепіх, Я. І., В. І. Сантоній, В. В. Янко, Л. М. Будіянська et І. О. Іванченко. « OPTOELECTRONIC RADAR FOR THE HIGH-SPEED OBJECTS MOVEMENT PARAMETER DETERMINATION ». Sensor Electronics and Microsystem Technologies 17, n^o 3 (28 septembre 2020) : 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/1815-7459.2020.3.212947.

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Nasrabadi, Raheleh, et Heydar Sadeghi. « Effect of Fatigue on Biomechanical Parameters and Incidence of Injury in Selected Movements of Healthy People : A Systemic Review ». Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 10, n^o 4 (1 septembre 2021) : 604–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/sjrm.10.4.1.

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Background and Aims: Fatigue is one of the factors that can affect different movement patterns and change its nature biomechanically. Since fatigue is one of the essential issues in the study of various movements and the possibility of injury incidents, the study aimed to review the studies on effects of fatigue on the biomechanical parameters and the incidence of injury in the selected movements of healthy people. Methods: By searching related articles in validated scientific databases and based on predetermined research criteria, 50 studies were selected as the final articles for the present systematic review. Results: Different articles have used different methods to apply fatigue. A review of studies has shown that, in general, fatigue can negatively affect the proprioception, coordination of movement and reaction time, and subsequent control of movement, disturbing control of the balance and making healthy people susceptible to injuries. Also, fatigue, as one of the essential factors in falling, leads to decreased muscle strength, reducing neuromuscular responses. These changes can increase the risk of falling, especially in the elderly. In the case of various sports movements, fatigue is one of the most important factors in the disorder and decreased exercise performance, which causes changes in the movement pattern and increases the likelihood of injuries, significantly lower limb lesions, such as ACL injury in movements such as jump-landing. Conclusion: Considering the increased likelihood of injury following fatigue in healthy people, this factor is necessary during various movements. As the level of exhaustion may alter the biomechanical pattern of various movements, this parameter should be considered as a controlling factor at the time of data collection.

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Świder, Jerzy, et Adrian Zbilski. « The Interactive Driving Profile Generation System ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 307 (février 2013) : 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.307.66.

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This paper presents the interactive driving profile generation system, which generates setpoint position’s signal, provided to the position and speed regulators. The system based on three equations, which create S-Function. The shape of each part of S-Function is calculated according to desired kinematic parameter values of a driven object. All the parts are connected together in such a way, that keep the parameters description of total movement’s time and total movement’s distance. The system works in interactive and real-time mode, which allows to set all kinematic parameters of movement in a fully dynamic way. The result of this work is an auxiliary block of Simulink software library.

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Lin, Gui Yu, Ai Feng Li, Xiao Ming Wang et Yi Zeng. « Nanometer Fiber Filter Cartridge Cleaning Principle and Correlation Parameter Calculation ». Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (mai 2012) : 1704–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1704.

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This paper uses unary compressibility fluid movement theories and combines with years of design practice, calculates airflow movement parameters of the nanometer fiber cartridge filter cleaning system, discusses relations of the parameters and the effect on the cleaning efficiency of the parameters. The theoretical analysis results can make a significant contribution to the basis for the subsequent works.

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Wang, Xiao Hui. « Virtual Simulation of Aerobics Movement Based on Vision ». Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (juillet 2014) : 1997–2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.1997.

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In aerobics, the motion state randomness of key feature points is great, so it is difficult to establish an accurate dynamic model for sports' shape base. Traditional 3D reconstruction algorithms use fixes shape base which hardly expresses the change parameters of complex movement and motion law of large-scale dynamic features, thereby leading to non-realistic reconstruction results. The paper proposes a new reconstruction algorithm for aerobics 3D motion images that corrects the neighborhood system of feature points by motion parameters until the parameter is stable to ensure accuracy and the stability of correction. The simulation results show that, the proposed algorithm avoids drawbacks of sports reconstruction results caused by the great randomness of aerobics' motion state, thereby complete 3D reconstruction for aerobics' motion images.

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Streng, Martha L., Laurentiu S. Popa et Timothy J. Ebner. « Climbing fibers predict movement kinematics and performance errors ». Journal of Neurophysiology 118, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2017) : 1888–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00266.2017.

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Requisite for understanding cerebellar function is a complete characterization of the signals provided by complex spike (CS) discharge of Purkinje cells, the output neurons of the cerebellar cortex. Numerous studies have provided insights into CS function, with the most predominant view being that they are evoked by error events. However, several reports suggest that CSs encode other aspects of movements and do not always respond to errors or unexpected perturbations. Here, we evaluated CS firing during a pseudo-random manual tracking task in the monkey ( Macaca mulatta). This task provides extensive coverage of the work space and relative independence of movement parameters, delivering a robust data set to assess the signals that activate climbing fibers. Using reverse correlation, we determined feedforward and feedback CSs firing probability maps with position, velocity, and acceleration, as well as position error, a measure of tracking performance. The direction and magnitude of the CS modulation were quantified using linear regression analysis. The major findings are that CSs significantly encode all three kinematic parameters and position error, with acceleration modulation particularly common. The modulation is not related to “events,” either for position error or kinematics. Instead, CSs are spatially tuned and provide a linear representation of each parameter evaluated. The CS modulation is largely predictive. Similar analyses show that the simple spike firing is modulated by the same parameters as the CSs. Therefore, CSs carry a broader array of signals than previously described and argue for climbing fiber input having a prominent role in online motor control. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This article demonstrates that complex spike (CS) discharge of cerebellar Purkinje cells encodes multiple parameters of movement, including motor errors and kinematics. The CS firing is not driven by error or kinematic events; instead it provides a linear representation of each parameter. In contrast with the view that CSs carry feedback signals, the CSs are predominantly predictive of upcoming position errors and kinematics. Therefore, climbing fibers carry multiple and predictive signals for online motor control.

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Ivanovskiy, Nikolay, Ivan Gorychev, Aleksandr Yashin et Sergey Bidenko. « Synthesis of random parameter identification algorithms and estimates of current vessel motion parameters ». E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020) : 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016403004.

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The paper considers the task of synthesis of algorithms for identifying random parameters of a vessel, such as attached masses, moment of inertia, and estimating the current parameters of the vessel's motion from real-time measurements of onboard sensors. The task of the synthesis of algorithms for identifying random parameters of the vessel and evaluating the characteristics of the vessel’s movement is to determine (evaluate) the current parameters (attached masses, moment of inertia) and the characteristics of the vessel’s motion (position vector, speed) from the measurements of the vessel’s motion, angular position and angular velocity of the vessel rotation).

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Folli, Raffaella, et Heidi Harley. « A Head Movement Approach to Talmy’s Typology ». Linguistic Inquiry 51, n^o 3 (juillet 2020) : 425–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00351.

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We propose that the well-known verb-framed/satellite-framed variation observed by Talmy ( 1975 , 1985 , 2000 ) is a true syntactic parameter of a well-understood type: a head movement parameter. We claim that it depends on an uninterpretable feature bundled with the particular v head used in change-of-state constructions that forces the head of the Res(ult)P complement of v to undergo head movement to v in Italian. The technical apparatus employed is a feature-driven head movement parameter, of the same kind that accounts for the familiar V-to-T or T-to-C movement variation crosslinguistically. We argue that in Talmy’s class of verb-framed languages, head movement of the embedded Res head to change-of-state v is mandatory, just as head movement of v to finite T is mandatory in V-to-T movement languages. Unlike previous proposals, this approach does not ascribe a deficiency to verb-framed languages, either in their semantic composition inventory or in their inventory of structural operations, both deficiencies being prima facie implausible from a biolinguistic/Minimalist perspective.

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Park, Ji Hun. « 3D Position Based Human Movement Computation Using Multiple Images ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (juin 2017) : 565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.565.

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This paper presents a computation method of human movement using 3D point, regarding a human as a rigid body. The movement computation method uses ray vectors cast from cameras. Ray vectors cast from cameras to feature points carry values of camera external parameter. Given four or more nonplanar known points of one input image, we calculate camera's external parameters of the input image using computed values from partially overlapping, adjacent input image frames using Newton's root finding algorithm. This is achieved by computing fixed points in the environment, camera distortion values and external parameters from stationary scenes, and camera external parameters of the input frame. Using computed camera external parameters, a tracked object's rigid object movement is computed using projected intersection points between ray vectors. Our method is demonstrated using various input images. The result is used in a human tracking.

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Ji, Junjie, Jing-Shan Zhao, Sergey Yurievich Misyurin et Daniel Martins. « Precision-Driven Multi-Target Path Planning and Fine Position Error Estimation on a Dual-Movement-Mode Mobile Robot Using a Three-Parameter Error Model ». Sensors 23, n^o 1 (3 janvier 2023) : 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010517.

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The multi-target path planning problem is a universal problem to mobile robots and mobile manipulators. The two movement modes of forward movement and rotation are universally implemented in integrated, commercially accessible mobile platforms used in logistics robots, construction robots, etc. Localization error in multi-target path tracking is one of the crucial measures in mobile robot applications. In this article, a precision-driven multi-target path planning is first proposed. According to the path’s odometry error evaluation function, the precision-optimized path can be discovered. Then, a three-parameter odometry error model is proposed based on the dual movement mode. The error model describes localization errors in terms of the theoretical motion command values issued to the mobile robot, the forward moving distances, and the rotation angles. It appears that the three error parameters follow the normal distribution. The error model is finally validated using a mobile robot prototype. The error parameters can be identified by analyzing the actual moving trajectory of arbitrary movements. The experimental localization error is compared to the simulated localization error in order to validate the proposed error model and the precision-driven path planning method. The OptiTrack motion capture device was used to capture the prototype mobile robot’s pose and position data.

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Bulygina, Elena Yu, Ekaterina A. Dmitrieva et Tatiana A. Tripolskaya. « Semantics of Unidirectional and Multidirectional Motion in the Lexico-Grammatical System of the Fiction Text (Based on P. Suskind’s Work “Die Geschichte von Herrn Sommer” and Its Russian Translation) ». Critique and Semiotics 10, n^o 2 (2022) : 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-37-53.

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The article investigates the textual potential of concrete and multidirectional verbs of motion (based on the original and translated texts of P. Süskind “Die Geschichte von Herrn Sommer”). Textual specificity of verbs of motion is considered with the support of semantic-pragmatic features of the verb subsystems of two languages. For Russian verbs of motion, the concept of direction is relevant, since any movement is carried out in space by a certain trajectory (idti – hodit’, bresti – brodit’, letet’ – letat’, bezhat’ – begat’). In German, this parameter of motion is actualized only in the appropriate context with the help of adverbs of location and direction; prepositional-case constructions; direct complements and separable prefixes. In the semantic field “Movement / Verkehr” with the verb dominant there are lexical groupings, whose members, due to the lexico-grammatical and lexico-semantic valency of verbs, interpret different characteristics of the process of movement. The text's richness in units of different parts of speech with the meaning of motion (primarily verbs) organizes the narrative chronotope of the story: the semantics of space and time is actualized with the help of the lexicon of motion. Each of the main characters is included into the narrative through the description of the peculiarities of their movement. The following movement parameters are essential for the lexico-grammatical organization of the original and translated texts: direction, mode and means of movement, speed, purpose and actions associated with movement. In this textual paradigm, the key role belongs to concrete and multidirectional verbs. The main character lives his life in a constant, energetic, well-directed and aimless movement, unlike other characters, whose movements are determined by fatigue / vigor, vector (up / down, forward/backward), unidirectional and multidirectional, purpose and means of movement. In the semantics of concrete verbs there is a derivative potential seme “purpose of movement,” which, however, is extinguished in the original and translated texts. The main semantic paradox of the text is created by the intra-textual opposition of “a certain direction” and “no purpose” of the movements of the main character.

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Fuchs, Dominik, Martin Knauer, Marion Egger et Petra Friedrich. « Audio Feedback for Device-Supported Balance Training : Parameter Mapping and Influencing Factors ». Acoustics 2, n^o 3 (29 août 2020) : 650–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics2030034.

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Recent studies suggest that real-time auditory feedback is an effective method to facilitate motor learning. The evaluation of the parameter mapping (sound-to-movement mapping) is a crucial, yet frequently neglected step in the development of audio feedback. We therefore conducted two experiments to evaluate audio parameters with target finding exercises designed for balance training. In the first experiment with ten participants, five different audio parameters were evaluated on the X-axis (mediolateral movement). Following that, in a larger experiment with twenty participants in a two-dimensional plane (mediolateral and anterior-posterior movement), a basic and synthetic audio model was compared to a more complex audio model with musical characteristics. Participants were able to orient themselves and find the targets with the audio models. In the one-dimensional condition of experiment one, percussion sounds and synthetic sound wavering were the overall most effective audio parameters. In experiment two, the synthetic model was more effective and better evaluated by the participants. In general, basic sounds were more helpful than complex (musical) sound models. Musical abilities and age were correlated with certain exercise scores. Audio feedback is a promising approach for balance training and should be evaluated with patients. Preliminary evaluation of the respective parameter mapping is highly advisable.

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Liu, Guang Xu. « Application of Open Source Software Image-J in Microscopic Movement Tracking : Movement Track Reconstruction and Parameter Algorithms ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 66-68 (juillet 2011) : 827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.66-68.827.

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Since movement is an important characteristic of micro-motile cells, the development of microscopic movement tracking techniques is in urgent demand. To meet this need, applications of open source software Image-J in microscopic movement tracking were illustrated with examples. Movement track reconstruction was performed in both circular and linear movement patterns. The algorithms of real time radius, VCL (curvilinear velocity), VAP (average path velocity), VSL (straight line velocity), and other descriptive parameters using original coordinate values were developed and/or explained. Microscopic movement tracking can now be conducted at low cost using Image-J. Moreover, the algorithms can be easily controlled to fit users’ study purpose.

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Donnet, Sophie, Ramon Bartolo, José Maria Fernandes, João Paulo Silva Cunha, Luis Prado et Hugo Merchant. « Monkeys time their pauses of movement and not their movement-kinematics during a synchronization-continuation rhythmic task ». Journal of Neurophysiology 111, n^o 10 (15 mai 2014) : 2138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00802.2013.

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A critical question in tapping behavior is to understand whether the temporal control is exerted on the duration and trajectory of the downward-upward hand movement or on the pause between hand movements. In the present study, we determined the duration of both the movement execution and pauses of monkeys performing a synchronization-continuation task (SCT), using the speed profile of their tapping behavior. We found a linear increase in the variance of pause-duration as a function of interval, while the variance of the motor implementation was relatively constant across intervals. In fact, 96% of the variability of the duration of a complete tapping cycle (pause + movement) was due to the variability of the pause duration. In addition, we performed a Bayesian model selection to determine the effect of interval duration (450–1,000 ms), serial-order (1–6 produced intervals), task phase (sensory cued or internally driven), and marker modality (auditory or visual) on the duration of the movement-pause and tapping movement. The results showed that the most important parameter used to successfully perform the SCT was the control of the pause duration. We also found that the kinematics of the tapping movements was concordant with a stereotyped ballistic control of the hand pressing the push-button. The present findings support the idea that monkeys used an explicit timing strategy to perform the SCT, where a dedicated timing mechanism controlled the duration of the pauses of movement, while also triggered the execution of fixed movements across each interval of the rhythmic sequence.

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Saito, Mamoru, et Naoki Fukui. « Order in Phrase Structure and Movement ». Linguistic Inquiry 29, n^o 3 (juillet 1998) : 439–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438998553815.

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This article proposes the following mechanism of Merge, modifying and incorporating the effect of the head parameter: K = {γ, 〈α, β〉}, where γ ε {α, β} a. γ = α: head-initial, left-headed b. γ = β: head-final, right-headed It is argued that under the parameterized version of Merge, traditional “adjunction” operations (scrambling and heavy NP shift) are characterized as substitution in the sense that they always accompany the projection of the target, whereas traditional “substitution” operations (wh-movement and NP-movement) are analyzed as genuine adjunction. It is then shown that numerous empirical consequences follow from this theory of phrase structure and movement, including (a) the nature and distribution of optional movements, (b) an elegant account of some peculiar properties of specifiers, and (c) a new unification of adjunct and subject condition effects, with a natural explanation of the parametric variation associated with the latter effect.

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Tanaka, Hisaya, Ayako Shinokubo et Hideto Ide. « Determination of MRCP Evocation Model and Its Parameters ». Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 12, n^o 6 (20 décembre 2000) : 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2000.p0725.

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We examined optimum parameters of the charging model and the underdamping model. Those models have represented the evoked potential of MRCP Each parameter has been determined with GAs (Genetic Algorithms). Comparison has been made between the experimental waveform and the theoretical waveform structuring those models, based on the optimum parameter. We have also examined the mechanism of MRCP (Movement-related brain cortical potential).

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Dawn Parente, Jacquelyn, Knut Möller, Bala Amala Kannan, Sabine Hensler, Claudia Kuhlbach et Margareta M. Mueller. « Parameter sensitivity analysis on a mathematical model of reepithelialization ». Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 5, n^o 1 (1 septembre 2019) : 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2019-0021.

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AbstractReepithelialization is the single requirement to define a wound as healed when the barrier function of the skin is restored. An existing reepithelialization mathematical model (RM) simulates wound healing in vitro. This work performs a parameter sensitivity analysis on an existing RM to see how robust the model is for changing wound healing rates for application to chronic wounds (inhibition) and wound healing therapies (activation). The existing RM balances the optimal distance between cells and basal membrane segments (BMs) according to the calculation of intercellular pressure and adhesion force. The RM mimics cell behavior and their interaction by passive migration, which is the displacement of cells from its initial position. First, this work reproduces the RM. The initial case recreates the interaction of a cell with its surrounding cells, while the second case recreates the interaction of the cell with its nearest BMs. These two cases were implemented in MATLAB to estimate optimal distance, intercellular pressure, an adhesive force between cells and the BMs. The analysis computes movement vectors and new positions of each cell at different time steps. Parameter sensitivity analysis was then conducted on the adhesion coefficient, where the original value in the RM was unknown. The results obtained at the assumed original parameter values are similar to the existing RM. As a result of the parameter sensitivity analysis, increasing the adhesion coefficient increases cell movement. High basal adhesion causes passive movement of cells, which in the simulation results is seen as a cellular movement towards wound closure. The existing RM is robust to changing adhesion coefficient values which change the rate of the advancing reepithelialization front. Future work includes fitting adhesion coefficient parameter values to an in vitro wounded tissue visualized by live dyes in treatment therapy experiments.

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Soechting, John F., et Martha Flanders. « Extrapolation of Visual Motion for Manual Interception ». Journal of Neurophysiology 99, n^o 6 (juin 2008) : 2956–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90308.2008.

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A frequent goal of hand movement is to touch a moving target or to make contact with a stationary object that is in motion relative to the moving head and body. This process requires a prediction of the target's motion, since the initial direction of the hand movement anticipates target motion. This experiment was designed to define the visual motion parameters that are incorporated in this prediction of target motion. On seeing a go signal (a change in target color), human subjects slid the right index finger along a touch-sensitive computer monitor to intercept a target moving along an unseen circular or oval path. The analysis focused on the initial direction of the interception movement, which was found to be influenced by the time required to intercept the target and the target's distance from the finger's starting location. Initial direction also depended on the curvature of the target's trajectory in a manner that suggested that this parameter was underestimated during the process of extrapolation. The pattern of smooth pursuit eye movements suggests that the extrapolation of visual target motion was based on local motion cues around the time of the onset of hand movement, rather than on a cognitive synthesis of the target's pattern of motion.

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Yu Tretyakov, V., M. I. Sarafanov, V. E. Fediakov et S. V. Frolov. « Vessel movement velocity as the integral parameter of ice navigation conditions ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 625 (15 janvier 2021) : 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/625/1/012021.

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Goh, Hui-Ting, Shailesh S. Kantak et Katherine J. Sullivan. « Movement Pattern and Parameter Learning in Children : Effects of Feedback Frequency ». Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 83, n^o 2 (1 juin 2012) : 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5641/027013612800745103.

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P. N. Singh, J. P. Mitchell et W. W. Wallender. « Parameter Optimization for Predicting Soil Water Movement under Crop Residue Cover ». Transactions of the ASABE 54, n^o 6 (2011) : 2029–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.40661.

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Hu, Hai Feng, Min Li et Guan Ru Wang. « Feafure Research of Movement and Deformation to Surface of Earth due to Repeadly Mining ». Advanced Materials Research 402 (novembre 2011) : 784–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.402.784.

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Based on the datum of factual measuring to surface observation station in LUJIA mining area, This paper completely analyzes movement and deformation to surface of earth due to repeat extracting in mining, ascertains parameter of movement and deformation to surface of earth in this mining, obtains change tendency of basic parameter to surface of earth in this geological mining condition and basic feature of movement and deformation to surface of earth in repeat mining.

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Rząsa, Mariusz Roland. « Parameter Measurements of Moving Gas Bubbles Using Image Tomography Title ». Image Processing & ; Communications 21, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2016) : 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2016-0012.

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Abstract The paper presents an idea of a new measuring method based on image tomography. This method focuses on registration of images of bubbles moving in two perpendicular directions. Two images are used for determination of the center of mass, movement trajectory and local velocities. Volume and area of bubbles are defined by using approximation of the bubble shape with the known geometric figures. The paper also presents the algorithm of reconstruction of the bubble shapes and movement trajectories, as well as exemplary test results. The obtained results were compared with empirical correlations in the published literature.

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Fu, Q. G., D. Flament, J. D. Coltz et T. J. Ebner. « Relationship of Cerebellar Purkinje Cell Simple Spike Discharge to Movement Kinematics in the Monkey ». Journal of Neurophysiology 78, n^o 1 (1 juillet 1997) : 478–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.1.478.

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Fu, Q.-G., D. Flament, J. D. Coltz, and T. J. Ebner. Relationship of cerebellar Purkinje cell simple spike discharge to movement kinematics in the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 478–491, 1997. The simple spike discharge of 231 cerebellar Purkinje cells in ipsilateral lobules V and VI was recorded in three monkeys trained to perform a visually guided reaching task requiring movements of different directions and distances. The discharge of 179 cells was significantly modulated during movement to one or more targets. Mean simple spike rate was fitted to a cosine function for direction tuning, a simple linear function for distance modulation, and a multiple linear regression model that included terms for direction, distance, and target position. On the basis of the fit to the direction and distance models, there were more distance-related than direction-related Purkinje cells. The simple spike discharge of most direction-related cells modulated at only one target distance. The preferred directions for the simple spike tuning were not uniformly distributed across the workspace. The discharge of most distance-related cells modulated along only one movement direction. On the basis of the multiple linear regression model, simple spike discharge was also correlated with target position, in addition to direction and distance. Approximately half of the Purkinje cells had simple spike activity associated with only a single parameter, and only a small fraction of the cells with all three. The multiple regression model was extended to evaluate the correlations as a function of time. Considerable overlap occurred in the timing of the simple spike correlations with the parameters. The latency for correlation with movement direction occurred mainly in a 500-ms interval centered on movement onset. The correlations with target position also occurred around movement onset, in the range of −200–500 ms. Distance correlations were more variable, with onset latencies from −500 to 1,000 ms. These results demonstrate that the simple spike discharge of cerebellar Purkinje cells is correlated with movement direction, distance, and target position. Comparing these results to motor cortical discharge shows that the correlations with these parameters were weaker in Purkinje cell simple spike discharge, and that, for the majority of Purkinje cells, the simple spike discharge was significantly related to only a single movement parameter. Other differences between simple spike responses and those of motor cortical cells include the nonuniform distribution of preferred directions and the extensive overlap in the timing of the correlations. These differences suggest that Purkinje cells process, encode, and use kinematic information differently than motor cortical neurons.

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