Bibliographies thématiques / Mountain people – social conditions

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Mountain people – social conditions »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 26 juillet 2024

Mis à jour le 27 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Mountain people – social conditions"

Budnyk, Olena. « Teachers’ Training for Social and Educational Activity in Conditions of Mountain Area Primary School ». Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 1, n^o 2-3 (22 décembre 2014) : 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.1.2-3.22-27.

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The article highlights the keynotes of professional training of elementary school teacherto social and pedagogical activity with pupils and their parents taking into consideration specificcharacter of mountain landscape-climatic and ethnocultural environment.Author focuses on engaging students of teacher training institutions in research work accordingto outlined problems, the creation of individual database on cultural issues, enhance theirperformance by varied forms and methods of teaching in the humanities. The author stresses theimportance of independent ethnographic activity of future teachers, in particular the study ofcrafts and trades of mountainous region, the folklore and customs of the locals, collecting vintagehousehold items and their local historical analysis. Ideological value orientations of the inhabitantsof the mountains is a key component of spiritual values and the basic formation of the structure ofconsciousness and awareness of the growing personality. Deeper knowledge of students priorityof moral, aesthetic, civic values of people from mountain terrain and features of the landscape,climate, flora and fauna of mountain environment will help them develop their future careers,which is to foster harmonious child in primary school environment.

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Khrushch, Olena. « The Psychology of Mountain People as a Subject of Special Research ». Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 1, n^o 2-3 (22 décembre 2014) : 96–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.1.2-3.96-98.

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The article addresses the influence of natural and social-economic factors on theformation of the psychology of mountain people. A special mountain environment, living andhousekeeping conditions, religious beliefs, and traditions mold stamina, pride, industriousness,and courage. The research into the psyche of Ukrainian mountain people living in the highest areasof Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi and Transcarpathian regions in the totalitarian period was openlyscorned if not completely forbidden. For a long time, no research was done on the ethnic identityformation and rich feelings of hutsuls — a numerous ethnic community. Far too little attention waspaid to hutsuls’ most important psychological traits of character — bravery, freedom of mind,dignity, respect for others, industriousness, stamina etc.

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Liyun, Yang. « THE PRACTICE OF "WAITING FOR WATER" AND LOCAL ORDER IN WATER SHORTAGE MOUNTAIN VILLAGE IN WUMENG MOUNTAIN AREA ». Вестник Ошского государственного университета. Химия. Биология. География, n^o 1 (26 décembre 2022) : 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.52754/16948688_2022_1_10.

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The practice of "waiting for water" （等水）in the mountain village in Wumeng mountain area (乌蒙山区) is a collective behavior derived from the special geographical, ecological and human space, which is the result of the comprehensive effect of the local climate conditions, water distribution and the livelihood model of tobacco cultivation. In the practice of "waiting for water", a set of order system followed by the local people is formed, which is related to the ethics and morality of the villages and the closeness between the people, and has become a cultural representation of great local social significance. It can be seen that the observation and discussion centered on water"can be used as the thinking direction of studying the localism in remote mountain villages.

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Mordovin, Pavel S. « Circumstances of the Development of Internal and External Expansion of the North Caucasus Mountain People at the Beginning of the 19th Century ». IZVESTIYA VUZOV SEVERO-KAVKAZSKII REGION SOCIAL SCIENCE, n^o 2 (26 juin 2024) : 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2687-0770-2024-2-59-66.

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The article substantiates the socio-cultural and other conditions, causes and essence of mountain internal and external expansion, which in the local interpretation took the form of raiding practice. The author lists the problems that the mountaineers of the North Caucasus sought to solve with the help of raids on close or distant neighbors. This phenomenon had a long history and reflected the peculiarities and specifics of the everyday life of mountain societies that maintained a militarized way of life. Together with traditional agricultural activities, equestrianism played an important role in their sociocultural development, contributed to the formation of new social relations in the mountain environment, built on status stratification, and established the institution of private property and inequality among the mountaineers. These processes, however, should not be taken into account as absolutes, since mountain communities had well-developed mechanisms to prevent the decomposition of the established social system. To the greatest extent by the beginning of the 19th century the practice of raiding was developed among the Circassians and the peoples of Dagestan, although all other ethnic groups of the North Caucasus used raids at the first opportunity, due to the fact that it was an attribute of their everyday upbringing and manifestation of the spirit of belligerence.

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Zhang, Jun, Xiao-zhong Huang, Jia-le Wang, Richard HW Bradshaw, Tao Wang, Li-xiong Xiang, De-rui Luo, Zong-li Wang et Fa-hu Chen. « An inverse relationship between moisture and grazing intensity in an arid mountain-basin system ». Progress in Physical Geography : Earth and Environment 46, n^o 2 (29 décembre 2021) : 310–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03091333211060000.

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Precipitation has been suggested as a crucial influencing factor in the primary productivity in arid and semi-arid regions, yet how moisture fluctuation in an arid mountain-basin system of the north Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau has affected human activities is poorly understood. Here, we reconstruct the variations of grazing intensity in high elevations and regional humidity based on independent and high-resolution records of Sporormiella-type coprophilous fungal spores and pollen grains in the same well-dated sediment core from Lake Tian’E in the western Qilian Mountains over the past 3500 years. We find that stronger grazing activity was associated with low regional effective moisture, and propose that the drier regional climate pushed people and their livestock into the mountainous areas. A notable exception was a reduction of human and grazing activities in arid region with high mountains during 380–580 CE caused by centennial-length dry and cold conditions. In addition, it is also noteworthy that intensified grazing activity occurred during 580–720 CE and after ∼1920 CE, corresponding to a warmer and wetter climate and diverse subsistence strategies with social developments in the lowlands of the Hexi Corridor. Our findings potentially provide a historical reference for understanding how ancient people adapted to the climate change in arid region with high mountains.

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Rustamova, L. M., P. K. Kurbonbekova, J. Khudoyorova et Z. M. Toshtemirova. « Cancer morbidity in middle and high mountain conditions of the Republic of Tajikistan ». Health care of Tajikistan, n^o 4 (3 février 2022) : 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52888/0514-2515-2021-351-4-64-70.

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Aim. To study the prevalence of cancer diseases in the high and middle mountains of the Republic of Tajikistan.Material and methods. The current paper studies the incidence of cancer in mountainous areas of Tajikistan covers the period between 2010-2020. We used materials from the Statistical Yearbook of the Republican Center of Medical Statistics and Information under the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Republic of Tajikistan (2020), statistical data from the Department of Health of GBAO, and medical and statistical data from the Central Regional Hospital in Khorog.Result. A comparative analysis of the data for the last ten years shows that the primary incidence of cancer in Tajikistan has been increasing: the incidence rate per every 100,000 people has changed from 34.6 to 40, and in the middle and highlands from 63.1 to 85.1 cases of the disease. Between 2010 and 2020, there was a serious increase in the incidence of breast and cervical cancer among highland residents: breast cancer increased from 2.9 to 18.0 and cervical cancer from 6.8 to 13.4 cases per 100,000 population.Conclusion. In recent years, the number of people in the middle and high mountains of Tajikistan who got cancer has increased, and they often seek medical care already at the last stage of the disease. Timely detection and treatment of precancerous conditions can improve the quality and increase the life expectancy of patients.

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Pacukaj, Sokol. « Political and Social Conditions of Albania During the 1920s ». Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development 7, n^o 1 (5 novembre 2020) : 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.56345/ijrdv7n105.

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In the 1920s, Albania was one of the least developed countries of the Balkan peninsula, despite its good geomorphological conditions, geographical position, and the proximity of civilized peoples. The Albanian region extended along the eastern coast of the Adriatic, is crossed by tributary rivers of this sea and is naturally open to influences from Western Europe; discrete mountain barriers separate it instead from the East. As a result of this geographical feature, its social development should have been more in tune with the Mediterranean civilizations than with the Balkan ones. The historical events - having linked the region to the hegemony of eastern states in the last fifteen centuries - did not favor the natural anthropogeographic development of Albania based on Western and Mediterranean civilizations. The aim of this paper is to give a description of the political and social conditions of Albania during the years after the First World War, specially the 1920s. The primary source used in the paper is the military archive in Rome.

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Ivanova, Elena E. « On Studying the Mountain Mythonymy of the Urals : Mythonyms Motivated by Social Vocabulary ». Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 25, n^o 4 (2023) : 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2023.25.4.071.

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This article discusses the mountain metonymy of the Urals, i.e. the designation of supernatural anthropomorphic creatures that store the riches of the subsoil (minerals and metals) and contribute to or hinder their discovery, extraction, and processing. Russian mountain mythology has been studied by folklorists, but the linguistic aspect is only beginning to be explored. The material for the article was collected in the field between 2020 and 2023, and derived from dictionaries, folklore texts, and authorial literature. The author mostly focuses on Middle Ural and South Ural mythonyms; for comparison, the article draws on material of other zones connected with the Urals geographically or historically (Bashkiria, Siberia). The article provides detailed descriptions of the motivations of mythonyms and the conditions for the appearance of nominations. Mountain mythonymy can be divided into several groups depending on the motivation, i. e. the thematic group of vocabulary underlying the mythonym. This article analyses mythonyms motivated by social vocabulary, namely, denoting a person or kinship: золотая девка (golden girl), каменная девка (stone girl), горная девка (mountain girl), чудская девица (Chudskaya maiden), горный батюшка (mountain father), горная матка (mountain mother), Шубин (Shubin), etc. The article reveals and explains the specificity of Ural mountain mythonymy: thus, the девка token is used for the nomination of female spirits, whereas the баба nomination is characteristic of traditional Russian peasant mythology. An expressive feature of Ural mountain mythonymy is the presence of mythonyms formed from toponyms (девка Азовка, девка Дедюрка). The article proves that the formation of mountain mythonymy was influenced by the mythology of the Russian peasantry, the mythology of the autochthonous peoples of the Urals (Turkic and Finno-Ugric), as well as the terminology of mining actively developing in the Urals in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

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Zong, Tianyu, Borui Du, Chengrui Zhang, Feng Sun, Zexian Huang, Ruoxin Cheng, Kexin Liu, Tao Shui, Yongan Wang et Yue Li. « Animal Use Strategies in the Longshan Mountain Region of Northern China during the First Millennium BC : A Zooarchaeological Analysis of Yucun ». Animals 13, n^o 24 (6 décembre 2023) : 3765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13243765.

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The first millennium BC saw the expansion of the Western Zhou dynasty in its northwestern frontier, alongside the rise and development of the Qin State in the Longshan Mountain region of northern China. Exploring the subsistence practices of these communities is crucial to gaining a better understanding of the social, cultural, and political landscape in this region at the time. While much of the research to date has focused on the Qin people, the subsistence practices of the Zhou people remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed animal remains from Yucun, a large settlement site associated with the Zhou people, located to the east of the Longshan Mountain. These animal remains were recovered in the excavation seasons of 2018–2020. Our results show that pigs, dogs, cattle, caprines, and horses, which were the major domestic animals at Yucun, accounted for over 90.8% of the animal remains examined in terms of the number of identified specimens (NISP) and 72.8% in terms of the minimum number of individuals (MNI), with cattle and caprines playing dominant roles. In terms of the taxonomic composition and the mortality profiles of pigs, caprines, and cattle, Yucun shared similarities with Maojiaping and Xishan, two contemporaneous Qin cultural sites located to the west of the Longshan Mountain, and differ from other farming societies in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River valley. Considering the cultural attributes and topographic conditions of these various sites, these findings imply that environmental conditions may have played a more significant role than cultural factors in shaping the animal-related subsistence practices in northern China during the first millennium BC.

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Yamane, Yuko, et Kasumi Ito. « Sociocultural Mechanisms Concerning Cropping Systems in Mountain Agriculture : A Case Study of the Eastern Slopes of Tanzania’s Uluguru Mountains ». Agriculture 10, n^o 9 (27 août 2020) : 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10090377.

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In agricultural science, the establishment of a given cropping system in mountainous areas is often understood from the relationship between differences of altitude-specific, agroecological conditions and crop cultivation characteristics. However, social factors can also play a role. We aimed to clarify how the cropping system is maintained through examining sociocultural factors, specifically land tenure and marriage systems, in an agricultural community in rural mountainous Africa. Several surveys based on participatory observation accompanied by home stays were conducted to determine people who participated in cropping systems and to understand which social system maintained the cropping system. We found that around 70% of target households in Kiboguwa village cultivated three staple crops (maize, cassava and rice) using the same cropping system and almost no farmers outside the village used the village’s sloped fields, meaning that the villagers maintained the cropping system. Households acquired nearby sloped fields by various means such as inheriting land through maternal lineage of household heads or wives. We observed virilocal and uxorilocal residence at similar degrees—and if either the husband or wife was from outside the village, that household would also have fields outside the village. However, nearly 80% of marriages were intravillage and villagers predominantly used fields located within the village limits regardless of the residence type, which helped maintain the cropping system.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Mountain people – social conditions"

Woodward, Lisa. « Poverty, vulnerability and social protection programs : Implications for young people in mountain Java ». Thesis, Woodward, Lisa (2020) Poverty, vulnerability and social protection programs : Implications for young people in mountain Java. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2020. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/56075/.

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Despite reducing the poverty rate from 24 percent at the height of the economic crisis of 1997-8, to under 10 percent in 2018, vulnerability and food insecurity in rural Indonesia remain a challenge for government policy. For many rural households, opportunities to build economic resilience against poverty are undermined by multiple environmental and structural factors. Since 2014, the Jokowi government has increased its focus on delivering social protection programs (SPPs) to support poor households and prevent vulnerable households from slipping into poverty, build resilience to shocks and prevent food insecurity. The first section of the thesis, which forms part of an Australian Research Council project (ARC), examines causes of poverty in two upland villages on Java in the Special Regency of Yogyakarta and Central Java. It also examines the impacts of SPPs directed to poverty alleviation and the politics of social protection. The ARC project utilises a mixed methods approach including community focus group meetings, a household ranking activity, in-depth household surveys and a food security survey. The second part of this thesis applies a relational approach to examine the experiences of young people (15-30 years) in the two villages to understand how they cope with the effects of vulnerability and poverty, the potential of key SPPs to transform their lives, and the local and wider social, political and economic processes influencing their livelihood trajectories, including farming futures. The research found that multiple processes and structural inequalities undermine the potential of social assistance programs to transform young lives. However, the thesis also shows that if social assistance is combined with access to good education and family and community support, young people demonstrate greater capacity to complete high school and transition from a life of precarity to one of greater security. Key words vulnerability, food insecurity, poverty, social protection programs, young people

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Capreol, Martha Jean. « Social support and social strain among husbands and wives in stepfamilies : a multilevel analysis ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ48614.pdf.

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Postle, Karen Margaret. « Care managers' responses to working under conditions of postmodernity ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310558.

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Doherty, Deborah A. « Maasai pastoral potential : a study of ranching and Narok District, Kenya ». Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39222.

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The socio-economic conditions which affect development in general, and group ranching in particular, among the Maasai of Narok District, Kenya are analyzed. Systems of relationships between Maasai social units are examined to demonstrate how different individuals and groups within Maasai society, each with a diversity of vested interests, react to the opportunities and disadvantages offered them by imposed development programs and altered ecological conditions.
A single group ranch, Rotian OlMakongo, is the focus of intensive study. Maasai on this ranch, which is located in a semi-high potential wheat-growing area of Narok District, have largely been resistant to planned change.
The reaction of group ranch members to development are analyzed showing how lineage and clan affiliation, age set relations, stock friendships and other systems of relations affect individual and group decision-making.
On the one hand the analysis demonstrates how the structure of the group ranch itself is not conducive to the consensual decision-making which ranch planning officials anticipated would occur regarding such important issues as stock limitation. On the other hand traditional Maasai social units are seen at different times both to promote and inhibit new organizational forms to deal with a changing set of economic, ecological and political conditions.
A general trend toward impoverishment, disenfranchisement and supplementary economic pursuits is outlined. However, traditional pastoralism is not seen as being totally subsumed by a more dominant, essentially capitalistic mode of production. Rather, traditional pastoralism is seen to define the transformation of internal forms through a structure which incorporates the modern sector. The tension between the traditional and modern sectors is not their disassociation, but rather, their integration into the dynamic process of change within the structure.

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Burford, Denise. « Valuing young people with autistic spectrum conditions : social inclusion in mainstream schools ». Thesis, University of Essex, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601458.

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Young people with autistic spectrum conditions (ASCs) attending mainstream schools are likely to experience lower levels of social inclusion than their typically developing peers. The study aimed to explore what helps the social inclusion of students with mild to moderate ASCs attending mainstream secondary schools. Using pragmatism as a guiding epistemological approach, the study was aimed at knowledge that has a purpose; that can lead to action. The purpose of the study was to help develop effective practice. The study was qualitative and used grounded theory as a research method which aims to capture the complexity of social phenomena. Research participants were young people with mild to moderate ASCs in years 8 or 9 of mainstream secondary schools, their parents, and school staff. Nine interviews were conducted drawing participants from school communities in one local authority. A grounded theory was developed which proposes that young people are active participants in their own social inclusion who choose strategies directed towards their social inclusion goals. A core concept in the theory was that valuing the young person and th eir contribution to the school community helps to empower them in their own social inclusion. Feeling va lued for their contribution can help young people manage their social identity and interaction. The grounded theory presented implies that school staff can contribute to the social inclusion of young people with ASC by valuing them, finding I ways for them to contribute, and ensuring that they feel valued. Attuned school staff who get to know individual young people with ASC help to involve them and promote their social self-effica cy. Motivational theories of psychology are proposed as providing helpful frameworks for EPs to consider the social and psychological needs of young people with ASC in mainstream secondary schools

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Couldrey, Charlotte. « Violence within the lives of homeless people ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/174287/.

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Narrative Literature Review Experience of victimisation and violence is prevalent within homeless people’s lives, and frequently begins in childhood through the experience of childhood abuse and trauma. The impact of childhood abuse and trauma has been associated directly and indirectly as a pathway into homelessness. Furthermore the psychological impact of childhood abuse and trauma has been linked to victimisation and perpetration of violence within homeless people. Victimisation and perpetration of violence has been predominately researched on homeless adolescents and women, with homeless men significantly under researched. Victimisation and violence is associated with a number of similar factors including childhood abuse, re-victimisation, deviant peers, substance misuse and mental illness. Furthermore, research suggests homeless people frequently have a dual role as both victim and perpetrator. This review discusses these factors, the limitations of the current research, areas for further research and the clinical implications. Empirical Paper The current study was conducted to further explore the mechanisms surrounding childhood abuse and trauma and its association with aggression in homeless people. Emotion dysregulation has a growing body of research suggesting it has the unifying function to a number of maladaptive behaviours. Research suggests childhood aversive experiences are associated with developing emotion dysregulation difficulties and aggression. This study found that emotion dysregulation significantly mediated the relationship between childhood abuse and trauma, and aggression, within a sample of homeless people. The implications of the findings are discussed with reference to the need for psychological interventions for homeless people and highlights the importance of incorporating emotion regulation strategies within interventions for aggression.

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Deeley, Susan Josephine. « Sexuality and people with learning disabilities : a conflict of ideologies ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3413/.

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This study addresses the issues of sexuality and learning disability. It is concerned with the views of professionals working with adults with learning disabilities and their parental carers. The views of professionals and parents regarding relationships, marriage and parenthood are explored. These form the basis of the emerging grounded theory, which incorporates the discrepancies between their ideologies of care. Although the subject of sexuality highlights these inherent differences, it is essentially the issue of sterilisation which magnifies them. It exacerbates the tension and potential conflict between professionals and parents. Furthermore, the focus on sterilisation has ramifications concerning the conflict between public and private concerns. There is controversy regarding the validity of consent to sterilisation by people with learning disabilities. This is because there is a final legal arbiter, which in Scotland is provided by the tutor-dative system. Ideologies of care have changed principally through normalisation. Although this is now the accepted orthodox philosophy, there remain some professionals who adhere to the superseded ideology of institutionalisation. As a result, they are more similar to those of parents than they are to their professional colleagues. The wider implications of these disparate ideologies of care are examined with respect to social work-family relations. Although these differences are at present irreconcilable, suggestions of how to alleviate tension and potential conflict between these two groups are made. Finally, the implications of normalisation with regard to sexuality are also addressed.

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Hagquist, Curt. « The living conditions of young people in Sweden : on the crisis of the 1990s, social conditions and health / ». Göteborg : Göteborg University, Dept. of Social Work, 1997. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=007747329&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Matczak, Anna. « Understandings of punishment and justice in the narratives of lay Polish people ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3668/.

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This research brings to light the Polish context of a post-socialist, post-transformation society of peasant roots and high religiosity which greatly contributes to the comparative criminological scholarship. The purpose of this doctoral research is to explore how a small number of Polish people understand punishment and justice, and how their narratives inform the viability of restorative approaches to justice. In so doing, this research recognises the value of lay opinion in the discussion of punishment and justice, and approaches punishment and justice as social activities, which echoes the argument that stories about crime and punishment are entangled with people’s daily routines, and as a result are lodged in their cultural imagination (see Garland & Sparks, 2000). The socialist past, hasty transition from socialism to democracy and from a centrally-planned to free market economy has influenced participants’ perceptions of the justice administration and the institutions involved in these processes. Lay Polish people shall be seen as Homo post-Sovieticus, whose perceptions of punishment and justice need to be analysed along with the legacy of the previous socialist system as well as post-1989 changes. Participants’ perceptions of the Polish criminal justice system, the Polish police and unpaid work assist to understand a number of factors that might influence the development of restorative justice in the Polish context. The findings of this study also encourage broadening the scope of the restorative justice discussion and examining its preconditions against wider sociological and criminological discourses on punishment and justice. Although the relationship might be defined as ‘uneasy’, restorative justice, since its conception, is interwoven with the two. One of restorative justice’s central hopes was to establish an alternative system of crime resolution that would eliminate the infliction of pain. However, the trajectory of restorative practices and demonstrates that the functioning of a majority of them is dependent on the criminal justice agencies and that there is a need to address better the notion of punishment in restorative encounters.

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Kelly, Lynnette. « Programme, policies, people : the interaction between Bosnian refugees and British society ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1149/.

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This thesis analyses the situation of refugees from Bosnia-Herzegovina that arrived in Britain as part of an organised programme. It represents a contribution towards the theoretical understanding of refugees, and develops and refines the theories of other authors. The author used field research methods based on techniques developed in ethnographic studies to generate empirical evidence on the social organisation of Bosnian refugees in Britain. Throughout the thesis it is argued that the situation of the refugees can only be understood through an examination of the influences affecting the refugees, before, during, and after their arrival in Britain. At every stage of the refugees' experience, control over the course of their lives has been taken away from the refugees. The war that took place in Bosnia-Herzegovina became constructed as an ethnic conflict, although there was no strong Muslim identification before the war. The programme removed options over country and place of residence, and created a measure of dependency. Longer term policies of community development, originally designed to meet the perceived needs of labour migrants, have been directed towards the refugees and imposed a model of organisation. Combined with temporary protected status, this has removed control from the refugees and prevented the formation of a new collective or individual positive life project. Refugees from Bosnia-Herzegovina represent a new type of refugee in Joly's typology. This is a type of refugee that had no collective project in the country of origin, and also no collective project in the country of exile, and that is unable to make a decision on return because of the constraints around them.

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Livres sur le sujet "Mountain people – social conditions"

Zh, Zheenbaev Zh, Aldashev Almaz, Merenkova L. K, Koroleva T. S et Kyrgyz Respublikasy ilimder akademii︠a︡sy, dir. Problemy gornykh stran : Na primere Kyrgyzstana : ugrozy i vyzovy sovremennosti. Bishkek : Ilim, 2007.

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Urszula, Janicka-Krzywda, dir. Monografia Zawoi. Kraków : Forma, 1996.

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Badenkov, I͡U P. Zhiznʹ v gorakh : Prirodnoe i kulʹturnoe raznoobrazie - raznoobrazie modeleĭ razvitii︠a︡ = Life in the mountains : environmental and cultural diversity - diversity of development models. Moskva : GEOS, 2017.

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Estienne, Pierre. Terres d'abandon ? : La population des montagnes françaises : hier, aujourd'hui, demain. Clermont-Ferrand : Université de Clermont-Ferrand II, 1988.

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Toscano, Mario A. Derive territoriali : Cronache dalla montagna del disagio. Firenze : Le lettere, 2011.

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Khambunrat, Pračhūap. Rāingān rư̄ang nǣonōm dān sangkhom kīeokap chumchon bon phư̄nthī sūng nai thotsawat nā. [Chīang Mai] : Pračhūap Khambunrat, 1996.

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Vecchis, Gino De. La montagna italiana : Verso nuove dinamiche territoriali : i valori del passato e le prospettive di recupero e di sviluppo. Roma : Kappa, 1992.

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Bruno, Messerli, Ives Jack D, Vigny Françoise et United Nations. Commission on Sustainable Development., dir. Les montagnes dans le monde : Une priorité pour un développement durable. Grenoble : Glénat, 1999.

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Erni, Christian. Dáli, Dális, Dilemma : Kultur, Natur und Adaptation bei den Buhid Mindoros (Philippinen). Berlin : Reimer, 1995.

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Mey, Wolfgang. Vielleicht sind diese Dinge die einzige Spur, die wir hinterlassen : Die bedrohte Zukunft der Bergvölker in Bangladesh. Hamburg : Museumspädagogischer Dienst, 1991.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Mountain people – social conditions"

Yamada, Chika, Youdiil Ophinni et Hervita Diatri. « Social Exclusion Among People with Mental Health Conditions in Indonesia ». Dans Handbook of Social Inclusion, 1–33. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48277-0_56-1.

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Yamada, Chika, Youdiil Ophinni et Hervita Diatri. « Social Exclusion Among People with Mental Health Conditions in Indonesia ». Dans Handbook of Social Inclusion, 1005–37. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89594-5_56.

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Welch, Lindsay. « Caring for people with long-term conditions and multimorbidity ». Dans Foundations for 21st-Century Health and Social Care, 138–55. London : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003198338-11.

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Eklund, Patrik. « The Logic and Ontology of Assessment of Conditions in Older People ». Dans Human-Centric Decision-Making Models for Social Sciences, 391–400. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39307-5_16.

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Cooper, B. « Mental Illness, Disability and Social Conditions among Old People in Mannheim ». Dans Mental Health in the Elderly, 35–45. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70958-6_5.

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Fujita, Kumiko. « Introducing Japanese Landslide Warning and Evacuation System to Sri Lanka : Field Survey of Social Aspect in the Arayanake Area ». Dans Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 3 Issue 1, 2024, 223–32. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55120-8_16.

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AbstractThe central highland in Sri Lanka has a landslide-prone geo-hydrological condition. In addition, Sri Lanka has extreme rainfalls in two monsoon seasons, and most of the landslides occur during two monsoon seasons. Landslides in the central highland had been isolated events. However, the area has been developed for agriculture and human settlements, a series of landslides occurred in the mid-1980s. Since the topography, such as mountains with steep slopes and weather, such as high precipitation, are similar in Japan and Sri Lanka, similar landslide phenomena have been seen. One of the common landslide phenomena is rain-induced rapid and long-travelling landslides (RRLL). Landslide disaster risk reduction technologies have recently been developed in Sri Lanka, and foreign technologies have been introduced. Early warning and evacuation using a hazard map is a major system for landslide disaster risk reduction both in Japan and Sri Lanka. Japan has already developed and used the early warning and evacuation system using hazard maps. Since the system has been developed based on Japan’s socio-economic background, it is used successfully in Japan. Thus, when this Japanese technology is used in Sri Lanka, in addition to the engineers’ availability to master technologies, local people’s availability to accept the technology is also examined. In this research, the social background for introducing Japan’s early warning system in Sri Lanka is analyzed based on the field survey at Arayanake. The questionnaire survey and interview were implemented in January 2023, and there were 50 respondents. The survey showed some essential conditions to be improved for the successful warning and evacuation.

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Kucharczyk, Maciej. « Social Exclusion in Older-Age and the European Pillar of Social Rights ». Dans International Perspectives on Aging, 421–31. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51406-8_33.

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AbstractThe European Pillar of Social Rights is about delivering new and more effective rights for Europeans. It builds upon 20 key principles, structured around three categories: equal opportunities and access to the labour market; fair working conditions; and social protection and inclusion. Directly relevant to older people, the Pillar has the potential to address the multidimensionality of exclusion in later life from a rights-based perspective – for example, by enhancing the rights to quality and affordable health and long-term care, to adequate pensions to live in dignity, to age-friendly working conditions and an inclusive labour market, or to access goods and services. Despite these valuable elements, there remains significant uncertainly around how the Pillar will achieve this and what kind of implemental actions might emerge across member states. This chapter analyses the potential of the European Pillar to address social exclusion of older people in Europe, the challenges that might impede its efforts, and the measures necessary to overcome such challenges.

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Nicolau, Lurdes. « Roma at School : A Look at the Past and the Present. The Case of Portugal ». Dans Social and Economic Vulnerability of Roma People, 153–63. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52588-0_10.

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AbstractThe schooling process has become more widespread among the Portuguese Roma population since 1974, with the end of the Estado Novo dictatorship and the establishment of democracy. Nevertheless, the Roma nomadism or semi-nomadism, financial shortcomings and the absence of social/cultural/family stimuli are some of the reasons that explain their low school attendance rates. Only in the last decades has such attendance increased, as a result of the implementation of several public policies, particularly of the Social Integration Income. This social policy, implemented in 1996, introduced important changes in this population, especially in areas such as schooling, personal hygiene, housing, health, or sedentism.Recent research has shown an increase in the educational level of the Roma population, but school dropouts and failure remain high. This tendency was also studied in the northeast of Portugal, in a PhD thesis about the relationships between the Roma and school. In the present research work, a qualitative methodology was adopted, using direct and participant observation, as well as interviews to some Roma parents and non-Roma teachers. Both groups emphasize the main difficulties of Roma children at school.The conclusions show that several factors affect these students’ schooling nowadays, especially poor housing conditions, parents’ illiteracy or low schooling, lack of daily study monitoring at home, absence of models in their environment, non-attendance of pre-school, and discrimination against them.

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Sischka, Philipp E., et Georges Steffgen. « Working Conditions of Young People in Luxembourg – A Health Perspective ». Dans Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit im Jugendalter, 243–69. Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35744-3_12.

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AbstractThis chapter addresses the working conditions and well-being of young employees working in Luxembourg. Data from the “Quality of Work” project – a project that aims to assess the work quality and its relationship with well-being – was used to describe the working situation of young people in Luxembourg. Within the Quality of Work project employment quality (income satisfaction, training opportunities, career advancement, job security, difficulty of job change, and work-life-conflict), job design (participation, feedback, autonomy), work intensity (mental demands, time pressure, emotional demands), social conditions (social support, mobbing, competition) and physical conditions (physical burden, risk of accident) are seen as key factors that contribute to employee’s health, well-being and motivation (work satisfaction, vigor, burnout, general well-being, health problems). Findings show that younger employees (i.e., between 16 and 29 years) perceive more training opportunities and stronger career advancement compared to employees in the older age groups. They also report more participation, feedback and social support compared to the older age groups. On the other side, young employees report higher levels of physical burden and risk of accident. With regard to well-being, young employees report higher levels of work satisfaction and lower level of physical health problems. Regression analyses showed that the associations of certain working conditions with different well-being dimensions were not the same for the different age groups. Work satisfaction of young employees seems to be less affected by lower career advancement and lower job security compared to employees in older age groups. The present study is the first to elucidate the moderating effect of age on the association between working conditions and well-being/health in Luxembourg.

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Cholat, Florent, et Luca Daconto. « Reversed Mobilities as a Means to Combat Older People’s Exclusion from Services : Insights from Two Alpine Territories in France and Italy ». Dans International Perspectives on Aging, 141–55. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51406-8_11.

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AbstractOlder people’s social exclusion in mountain areas is often the result of service inaccessibility. Mountain territories are indeed partly characterised by a low availability of services and high transport constraints. In this environment, older people, with a lower capacity for mobility (such as impaired or not autonomous individuals), require a set of reversed mobilities, where the mobility of relatives, caregivers or shops ensures, at least indirectly, their access to relevant services. This chapter aims to stress how reversed mobilities may promote older people’s inclusion in mountain areas and contribute to a better understanding of exclusion from services. In particular, we will emphasise: (1) the interaction between different factors in constructing service inaccessibility as an exclusionary process in the lives of mountain dwelling older people; (2) the key role played by reversed mobilities in combatting older people’s experience of exclusion from services in mountain areas, as well as the environmental, economic and social costs and “new” inequalities that might be associated with this form of adaptation. Our analysis is underpinned by a focus on two European Alpine territories (Isère, France; Bergamo, Italy) as exploratory examples. The extension of our arguments to other socio-cultural contexts is also considered.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Mountain people – social conditions"

Munteanu, Angela. « Times and the interior and exterior architectural stylistic character of the Romanian-Moldovan traditional dwelling, incontestable museum decoration ». Dans Patrimoniul cultural : cercetare, valorificare, promovare. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975351379.09.

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Every nation has a history of multiple cultural, ethnic, linguistic interferences, which complement each other from one century to another. The Romanian people have a tumultuous past, with periods of Ottoman occupation, the liberation and unification of Greater Romania, but also the separation from the mother country after the Second World War. Currently, the political and national development path of the Republic of Moldova is struggling between the East and the West. Romanian traditional stylistics represents us through culture, tradition, and customs. We have a valuable cultural heritage inherited from our ancestors, characterized by architecture and folklore, costumes, traditions, and national holidays, which bring back the beautiful spring, winter, and autumn holidays of yesteryear. The home is a peasant house, today a monument of traditional-vernacular architecture (made by folk craftsmen) with architecture specific to each area of the Republic of Moldova, has currently become an ethnographic museum of this richly endowed land. The peasant house is the interior space characterized by the inhabitants of a country. The constructions had a plan, size, and aspect influenced by the physical-geographical conditions of the natural environment, by the particularities and specifics of the household system, historically and socially conditioned. Starting from the stylistic origins of manifestation in interior design and architecture, the traditional Romanian-Moldovan style can be aligned in a rustic ethnic style, monuments of peasant architecture. Therefore, according to its characteristics the rustic style represents the preservation or conservation of the traditional, the old, the folklore of a people, which makes you immediately think of the family home in an atmosphere torn from a fairy tale, sitting on a soft carpet in front of the fireplace (sobă). The rustic style is closely linked to tradition and the countryside. Traditional architecture, regardless of country and geographical area, presupposes the use of natural materials from the environment where the houses are built – wooden beams, stone, clay, straw both inside and outside. For example, the peoples of Romania, Moldova, Ukraine used wood in forested areas and stone in mountain areas.

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Salerno, Irene. « Romani people in Southern Italy. Integration,social problems, life conditions ». Dans The International Conference on Research in Social Sciences. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/rssconf.2019.05.278.

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WANDALL-HOLM, NINA, et MERETE NORDENTOFT. « SOCIAL CONDITIONS AND MENTAL ILLNESS AMONG HOMELESS PEOPLE IN COPENHAGEN ». Dans IX World Congress of Psychiatry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814440912_0264.

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Bolotova, U. V., N. G. Bondarenko, I. S. Arakelyan, L. V. Kryukova et M. B. Yanukyan. « MOUNTAIN ELITE IN CONDITIONS STRENGTHENING OF RUSSIAN POSITIONS ON THE NORTH CAUCASUS ». Dans VII International symposium «Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe : Achievements and Perspectives». Prague : Premier Publishing s.r.o., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29013/vii-symposium-pp-7-6-11.

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Kravchenko, Oksana, et Halyna Kucher. « Social work with elderly people in the territorial community ». Dans Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare : Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.129.

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Abstract. Dyvosvit University of the Third Age is a joint project of the Department of Labour and Social Protection of the Population of Uman City Council and Pavlo Tychyna Uman Pedagogical University. The main goal is to implement the principle of lifelong learning of elderly people and support physical, psychological, and social abilities. Its task is to provide educational services, attract the elderly to an active social life, preserve their physical, mental, and spiritual health, learn the history of their native land, information technology, etc. The University hosts: the Faculty of Local History Education and Organization of Recreation and Tourism; the Faculty of Humanities and Law Education; the Faculty of Applied and Decorative Arts; the Faculty of Folk Singing; the Faculty of Computer Competence. The provision of such an educational service should ensure: arrangement of conditions for and promotion of holistic development of elderly people; reintegration of elderly people into the active life of society; assistance to elderly people in adapting to modern living conditions by mastering new knowledge, in particular on the ageing process and its features; modern methods of preserving health; acquisition of self-help skills; shaping of the principles of a healthy lifestyle; the framework legislation regarding elderly people and its application in practice; shaping and development of skills for using the latest technologies, primarily information and communication technologies; potential and opportunities for volunteer work; improving the quality of life of elderly people by providing them with access to state-of-the-art technologies and adapting them to technological transformations; development of practical skills; opportunity to expand communication and exchange experience. Keywords: social service, elderly people, lifelong learning, university of the third age.

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Bazarnyk, Kateryna-Mykhailyna, et Marta Kozak. « Preventive social work as a component of the strategy for the prevention of human trafficking in the youth environment in the conditions of war ». Dans Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare : Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.112.

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Background: The issue of preventing and countering human trafficking is relevant all over the world, including in Ukraine. Solving and preventing this problem has become more acute due to the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine. With the beginning of this invasion, there was a great risk of falling into a situation of human trafficking. Many citizens, especially women with children and young people, left for Europe, some were forced to move within the borders of Ukraine, in the occupied territories people are forcibly deported to the territory of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. The risks of falling into the sphere of human trafficking are quite large, people who were already a risk group fall into difficult life circumstances and become even more vulnerable to this problem. And young people in search of a better life in Europe neglect their safety and have risky behavior, which causes the need to spread social and preventive work with this group to prevent them from falling into situations of human trafficking. Purpose: to analyze the methods of social work with young people in order to increase the awareness of young people about the issue of human trafficking. Methods: the method of analyzing scientific documents, the method of comparing opinions, and the method of theoretical analysis of foreign works were used. Results: Preventive activities among young people in order to prevent them from falling into situations of human trafficking are quite important. It is necessary to develop this area and actively apply social work in this area. Methods of social work at the primary level of prevention among young people are diverse and can be successful. Conclusion: Informing young people for the purpose of preventing human trafficking has many forms that can be successful in this work. Primary social prevention among young people can be diverse, it is necessary to develop this area. Also, the use of social work in this area is appropriate. Social work specialists can conduct interactive trainings and seminars aimed at raising the level of awareness of young people about the problem of human trafficking and ways to protect against it. Such activities may include various elements such as group discussions, role-playing, video materials and others. Keywords: human trafficking, youth as a risk group of human trafficking, primary prevention, informing, raising awareness.

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Bobillier Chaumon, Marc-Eric, Florence Cros, Mohini Vanhille et Bérénice Batisse. « Conditions of use of a social-link technology by elderly people ». Dans the 2014 Ergonomie et Informatique Avancée Conference - Design, Ergonomie et IHM : quelle articulation pour la co-conception de l'interaction. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2671470.2671487.

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Julia, Vostokova, et Dvornikova Irina. « Psychological Conditions of Professional Self-realisation of Pre-retirement Age People ». Dans IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Current Problems of Social and Labour Relations" (ISPC-CPSLR 2021). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220208.073.

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Закраилова, Бирлант Руслановна. « SOCIAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS OF FORMATION NAMES OF PERSONS BY PROFESSION ». Dans Сборник избранных статей по материалам научных конференций ГНИИ «Нацразвитие» (Санкт-Петербург, Июнь 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/jun317.2021.75.58.004.

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Системность группы наименований лиц по профессии закрепляется жёсткими рамками социальных условий, а внутри неё действует тенденция к регулярности обозначений. Эти наименования связаны с трудовой жизнью людей, важнейшей для существования общества, что делает их устойчивыми и социально значимыми. Во многих языках сложилась единая терминология наименований, за профессиями закрепилось твёрдо установленное содержание, отражённое в специальных документах. Наименования лиц по профессии являются терминами и, таким образом, частью языка для специальных целей. The consistency of the group of names of persons by profession is fixed by the rigid framework of social conditions, and within it there is a tendency towards the regularity of designations. These names are associated with the working life of people, which is essential for the existence of society, which makes them sustainable and socially significant. In many languages, a unified naming terminology has developed, the professions have a firmly established content reflected in special documents. Profession names are terms and thus part of the language for specific purposes.

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Sychova, Viktoriia, et Svitlana Borysiuk. « Approaches to policy regarding elderly people in Ukraine in the context of European integration ». Dans Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare : Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.149.

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Backgraund: Ukraine's European integration course conditions the convergence of Ukraine's social policies with the European Union. The signing of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU caused the further reform of the state policy regarding the elderly. Changes in approaches to policy regarding the elderly in Ukraine are due to the transformation of relevant approaches in the European Union. Purpose: justify changes in policy approaches to the elderly in Ukraine in the context of European integration. Methods: method of analysis, method of traditional document analysis, content analysis were used. Conclusion: In the context of the European integration process in Ukraine, there are changes in the approaches to the state policy regarding the elderly. This proves the transition from passive forms of policy regarding the elderly (guardianship, social protection, social assistance) to active forms of combating the aging of the population of Ukraine (active aging policy) - increasing the retirement age, stimulating the continuation of work, increasing the level of employment of persons under the age of 64 years old, promoting volunteer activities. In the information space, approaches to older people are changing – from a "used resource" to a social resource. The principle of sustainable development (mutual responsibility of generations) becomes a component of the state policy regarding the elderly. Keywords: approaches to social policy, state policy regarding the elderly in Ukraine, elderly people, active aging, social resource, sustainable development, European integration.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Mountain people – social conditions"

Zaman, Tahir, Michael Collyer, Rachel Sabates-Wheeler et Carolina Szyp. Beyond Rights-Based Social Protection for Forcibly Displaced People. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), février 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2022.006.

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Having a right that is not respected is not the same as having no right at all. At least this should not be the case. Failure to receive something to which you are entitled should lead to formal redress or failing that, protest. The rights-based discourse has a wider importance. If and when it is or should be used is significant. In terms of access to social protection (including social and humanitarian assistance), the rights-based discourse means there is no difference between refugees and others who fail to receive the protection to which they are entitled, such as Internally Displaced People (IDPs). This introduces two key tensions, both of which we explore in this paper. The first concerns the identification of the institution responsible for fulfilling the right, as determined in state-led/formal humanitarian system of social protection. The second concerns the alternatives displaced people may identify when Northern mandated forms of social protection fail, or when the conditions for the enjoyment of that protection are too onerous. These alternatives constitute a second system of social protection. We conclude that although they are unequal, both systems are currently necessary, even as a language of rights is only appropriate in relation to the first tension. Ultimately greater coordination and collaboration between the two systems is necessary.

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Martínez, Déborah, Cristina Parilli, Carlos Scartascini et Alberto Simpser. Let's (Not) Get Together ! : The Role of Social Norms in Social Distancing during COVID-19. Inter-American Development Bank, février 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003044.

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While effective preventive measures against COVID-19 are now widely known, many individuals fail to adopt them. This paper provides experimental evidence about one potentially important driver of compliance with social distancing: social norms. We asked each of 23,000 survey respondents in Mexico to predict how a fictional person would behave when faced with the choice about whether or not to attend a friend's birthday gathering. Every respondent was randomly assigned to one of four social norms conditions. Expecting that other people would attend the gathering and/or believing that other people approved of attending the gathering both increased the predicted probability that the fictional character would attend the gathering by 25% in comparison with a scenario where other people were not expected to attend nor to approve of attending. Our results speak to the potential effects of communication campaigns and media coverage of, compliance with, and normative views about COVID-19 preventive measures. They also suggest that policies aimed at modifying social norms or making existing ones salient could impact compliance.

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Baker, Alison, et Lutfiye Ali. Mapping young people’s social justice concerns : An exploration of voice and action. Centre for Resilient and Inclusive Societies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56311/hbnb8239.

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This report is the first phase of a two-phase action research project titled Building Activist Capacities of Young People Through Issue-based Campaigns. The report explores key social issues facing young people aged 16 to 25 in Victoria, Australia, and examines how they respond to these issues. This study aims to better understand young people’s experiences of voice, the contexts and conditions in which they can cultivate their voices for social change, and where their voices resonate.

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Azuara Herrera, Oliver, Mariano Bosch et Eric Torres Ramirez. Employment and Living Conditions of the Population over 50 in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, septembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005146.

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This document describes recent demographic, economic, and social trends of people 50 and older in Latin America. We analyze the labor profile of those generations who will face retirement over the next two decades to understand how likely it is to reduce the current gaps in coverage and sustainability of pensions. We explore the occupation profiles, contributions to social security, and their comparisons with previous generations. The document's last section describes different inequality angles for this population, including income and access to public services.

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Ton, Giel, Keetie Roelen, Neil Howard et Lopita Huq. Social Protection Intervention : Evaluation Research Design. Institute of Development Studies, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2022.004.

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This paper describes the research design for investigating and evaluating the Child Labour: Action-Research-Innovation in South and South-Eastern Asia (CLARISSA) social protection cash-plus intervention in a slum in Dhaka, Bangladesh. After an introductory section, the second section elaborates on contribution analysis – the methodological approach underpinning the research design. The third section provides an overview of the intervention, and the fourth explores the overall design of the evaluation, its guiding framework, and the timeline of the intervention rollout and data collection. The fifth and sixth sections address the project’s suite of quantitative and qualitative methods, and the approach to data analysis. Using four panel surveys, bi-monthly monitoring, in-depth interviews, group discussions and direct observations, the research will zoom in on specific behaviours. First, at the individual level, we want to learn how people adopt alternative livelihoods in response to the intervention. Second, at the household level, we consider how community mobilisation and cash transfers help households to resolve intra‑household problems. Third, at the group level, we consider how groups manage collective action in response to community mobilisation. For each of these behaviour change outcomes, we want to understand the realist evaluation question, ‘Why does the intervention work, for whom, and under what conditions?’ We also want to assess whether these new behaviours change the propensity for children to be involved in the worst forms of child labour.

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Mayne, Alison, Christina Noble, Paula Duffy, Kirsten Gow, Alexander Glasgow, Kevin O’Neill, Jeni Reid et Diana Valero. Navigating Digital Ethics for Rural Research : Guidelines and recommendations for researchers and administrators of social media groups. DigiEthics : Navigating Digital Ethics for Rural Research, novembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57064/2164/22326.

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Social media creates new spaces for connecting people digitally and provides a forum for the exchange of information and discussion. Online spaces such as Facebook groups (FGs) have become part of the fabric of social interaction in many rural areas, with both residents and others living away from the community maintaining a connection in the virtual space. Community FGs are routinely used to share place-based information about resources, events or issues, and to discuss topics of shared interest. In research, these groups allow researchers to connect directly with people who have an interest in what happens within specific communities and offer rich opportunities for participants to likewise engage with research. We can reflect on how FGs in rural communities have the potential to enhance and/or complement existing approaches by making research with dispersed communities more accessible and affordable, while considering challenges around confidentiality and digital inclusion given the characteristics and size of the population. Social media has developed at pace during the last decade, and digital ethics is a shifting methods sub-field that poses challenges to social sciences and humanities researchers. Apart from platforms’ changing terms and conditions, research with and on social media groups has specific ethical challenges (e.g. around anonymity, confidentiality, and data access) that require tailored consideration. In particular, when approaching netnography and similar methods with social media groups, dialogic approaches which aim to engage, respect and protect participants are critical. There is consensus on the need to agree the access conditions with the group administrator as a first step, but there is no guidance on good practice on developing these conditions. To create these guidelines, we have worked collaboratively across disciplines and with administrators of Facebook groups to explore what such process could look like: aspects to address, pros and cons of potential approaches, and potential challenges and solutions.

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van der Meulen Rodgers, Yana, Joseph E. Zveglich, Jr., Khadija Ali et Hanna Xue. The Role of Family Support in the Well-Being of Older People : Evidence from Malaysia and Viet Nam. Asian Development Bank, juin 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps240325-2.

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Rapid demographic changes in Malaysia and Viet Nam could disrupt traditional family support for older people. An analysis of unique panel data from the Malaysia Ageing and Retirement Survey and the Viet Nam Aging Survey points to the benefits of living conditions—including marital status and whether one’s children live nearby—for the physical and mental well-being of older people. Given the estimated protective effect of living arrangements examined in the paper, governments may need to adjust social safety nets to bolster the physical and mental health of senior citizens living alone.

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Savedoff, William D., Laura Goyeneche, Luis Alberto Soler, Pedro Bernal, Mariángela Chávez, Jaime Cardona et Luis Tejerina. Disruption and Rebound : Healthcare and Telemedicine in Colombia during the COVID-19 Pandemic for Chronic Care Patients. Inter-American Development Bank, mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004865.

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The COVID-19 pandemic led to declines in in-person consultations and substantial increases in telemedicine use in many countries. This paper investigates whether this pattern occurred in Colombia using data for people with particular health conditions prior to the pandemic (rheumatoid arthritis, hemophilia, chronic kidney disease, HIV, and cancer). The study shows that healthcare utilization by people in Colombia with these conditions dropped significantly during the first months of the pandemic relative to the average of the previous two years. However, by the end of 2020, the rate of healthcare utilization had almost reached pre-pandemic levels. While the number of services fell for people in both the contributive and subsidized scheme, the share of people who had any contacts with healthcare providers each month declined substantially for those in the subsidized scheme and by a statistically insignificant amount for those in the contributive scheme. Declines in utilization and contacts for in-person consultations were partially offset by the increased use of telemedicine services which accounted for almost one-fifth of healthcare contacts by December 2020. Of the main explanations for healthcare disruptions, the diversion of healthcare resources to treat COVID-19 patients does not seem to have been as significant as changes in social mobility and government lockdown policies. These findings have a variety of implications for public policy, including: the need to address the causes of healthcare utilization declines among individuals in the subsidized scheme; the importance of incorporating better social communication and adjustments to lockdown policies when planning for future health emergencies; the value of expanding telemedicine, not only during emergencies but also during normal times; and the potential benefits from improving the quality and availability of administrative data so that future research can contribute more effectively to policies that promote greater equity and effectiveness in Colombian healthcare services.

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Kelly, Elish, et Bertrand Maître. Identification Of Skills Gaps Among Persons With Disabilities And Their Employment Prospects. ESRI, septembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat107.

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In 2013, the Irish Government published its National Disability Strategy Implementation Plan 2013-2015. As part of this strategy, a number of goals were set around participation, including job access for people with disabilities. This specific objective recommended a number of actions, including the commitment to publish a comprehensive employment strategy (CES) for people with disabilities. This strategy, the Comprehensive Employment Strategy for People with Disabilities, was published in 2015 for the period 2015-2024. The objective of this strategy, which is cross-governmental, is to support people with disabilities in accessing the labour market. Building on existing actions in the CES, the National Disability Authority (NDA) commissioned the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) to undertake quantitative research into the workplace skills and abilities of persons with disabilities. To undertake this research, a number of nationally representative data sources were utilised to characterise the skills/educational endowments and gaps among persons with disabilities compared to those without. Specifically, data from the Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC), the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), the Census of Population, and the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) were examined. Where the data permitted, we differentiated those with a disability by type, everyday difficulties (e.g. difficulty dressing), and/or severity level. We also examined the employment characteristics of people with disabilities compared to persons without, and investigated the impact of having a disability on an individual’s employment prospects. What follows is a summary of the principal findings from this research, including some discussion on future directions.

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Kelly, Elish, et Bertrand Maître. Identification Of Skills Gaps Among Persons With Disabilities And Their Employment Prospects. ESRI, septembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat107.

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