Bibliographies thématiques / Morocco – Colonization – History

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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Morocco – Colonization – History »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Morocco – Colonization – History"

Velo-Antón, Guillermo, Paulo Pereira, Soumia Fahd, José Teixeira, and Uwe Fritz. "Out of Africa: did Emys orbicularis occidentalis cross the Strait of Gibraltar twice?" Amphibia-Reptilia 36, no. 2 (2015): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00002989.

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The narrow Strait of Gibraltar has separated the African and European continents since the Miocene (5.3 Mya), with a different degree of permeability for Mediterranean taxa. Southern and northern regions of the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco, respectively, are key areas to evaluate the colonization dynamics and biogeographic history of taxa occurring at both sides of this strait. The Ibero-Maghrebian subspecies of the European pond turtle, Emys orbicularis occidentalis, is patchily distributed and threatened throughout most of the Iberian Peninsula and northern Morocco and its origin is thought to be in North Africa. Here we expand the geographic sampling across the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco, with special emphasis in the southern tip of the peninsula and northern Morocco, and analyze mtDNA sequences of 183 E. o. occidentalis to better understand the complex biogeographic history of this subspecies. We provide for the first time evidence for shared haplotypes of Iberian and North African pond turtles, with an additional haplotype in the southern Iberian Peninsula derived from Moroccan haplotypes. This supports the hypothesis that the Strait of Gibraltar constitutes no significant biogeographic barrier for E. orbicularis. However, the newly discovered shared, or extremely similar, haplotypes of European pond turtles from the southern Iberian Peninsula and Morocco suggest either that at least two independent natural colonization waves from Morocco have reached the Iberian Peninsula or that Moroccan turtles were accidentally or deliberately introduced there.

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Lindsay-Perez, Monica. "Anticolonial Colonialism." Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 15, no. 3 (2019): 330–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15525864-7720669.

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Abstract Between 1931 and 1936 the democratic Spanish government overthrew the monarchy and established the Second Spanish Republic. It was a volatile period for Spanish-Moroccan relations. Fascists were in favor of the Spanish Protectorate of Morocco, whereas Republicans were typically against it. Aurora Bertrana (1892–1974) was a Republican Catalan writer who moved to Morocco in 1935 to write about Muslim women living under the Spanish Protectorate. A close examination of her novel El Marroc sensual i fanàtic (1935) reveals an anticolonialism based on her preoccupation with Spanish nationalist dignity rather than with Moroccan independence. Instead of concluding that Spain’s colonization of Morocco is not good, Bertrana concludes that it is not good enough. Her writing perpetuates centuries-old Spanish Orientalist stereotypes, thus complicating the glorified history of Spanish Republican anticolonialism and feminism in the 1930s.

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Dean, William T. "Strategic Dilemmas of Colonization: France and Morocco during the Great War." Historian 73, no. 4 (2011): 730–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6563.2011.00304.x.

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Alaoui, Fatima Zahrae Chrifi. "Morocco from a Colonial to a Postcolonial Era." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 13, no. 3 (2020): 276–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01303002.

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Abstract Women of color have long used the transformative power of writing and theorizing through their bodies to speak back to the pervasive racist and sexist hierarchies in hegemonic cultures. I extend this argument in the specific context of Muslim feminism that is theorized outside orientalist and patriarchal frames of reference. In this article, I turn to a performative autoethnographic approach to look at the Moroccan era, ‘Now and Then,’ through my grandmother’s lens, that of a Moroccan woman erased from the written history of Morocco. Drawing on ‘theories of the flesh,’ I privilege my grandmother’s voice and her embodied experience that transmits her story of resistance and survival under French colonization. Through ‘fleshing,’ my Moroccan grandmother reclaims her lived experiences and deconstructs the hegemonic universalist knowledge of feminism and struggle. It is important to foreground the political urgency of surveying the theoretical frameworks of Arab and Muslim scholars in order to create new ways of understanding communication in postcolonial/neocolonial settings.

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Marglin, Jessica M. "THE TWO LIVES OF MASʿUD AMOYAL: PSEUDO-ALGERIANS IN MOROCCO, 1830–1912". International Journal of Middle East Studies 44, № 4 (2012): 651–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743812000803.

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AbstractAfter France's 1830 invasion of Algeria, Algerians residing outside of the new French colony could potentially be considered French subjects. A number of Moroccans, eager to partake of the legal and financial advantages of foreign nationality, crossed the border into Algeria and obtained documentation falsely attesting to their Algerian origins; they then returned to Morocco, where they convinced French consular authorities to register them as French subjects. This article uses the story of one such pseudo-Algerian, Masʿud Amoyal, to explore the phenomenon of Moroccans who assumed the legal identities of Algerians. In Morocco and elsewhere in the Middle East, the responses of individuals like Amoyal to new legal categories created by European colonization point to the importance of expanding colonial historiography beyond the borders of imperial states. Examining the strategies of pseudo-Algerians in Morocco demonstrates the value of a transnational approach for understanding the full impact of European imperialism.

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Masbah, Mohammed. "Anglo-Saxon anthropology in Morocco: evaluating Gellner's segmentary theory." Contemporary Arab Affairs 6, no. 2 (2013): 260–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550912.2013.782720.

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The 1960s and 1970s presented fertile soil for a number of anthropological theories in Morocco. Those theories tried to offer explanatory paradigms for societies that had just shaken off colonization, especially in Anglo-Saxon studies. Segmentary theory, as part of this tradition, should be understood within the dichotomy of continuity and rupture in theoretical contributions on Morocco; its roots derive from both Khaldunian and colonial thought. Ernest Gellner's work on the Saints of the Atlas (1969) is considered among the most interesting studies that applied segmentary theory to understand Moroccan society in the post-independence era. In fact, much criticism has been levelled at this theory from different researchers such as Jacque Berque, Paul Pascon, Abdelkbir Khatibi, Abdellah Hammoudi, Abdellah Laroui and Mokhtar Harras, among others. Criticism mainly focused on the ideological and ethnocentric background that frames the frozen starting arguments of the segmentary approach. It maintains that ‘pre-capitalist’ societies were static, had no history and could not produce but social orders and intellectual and economic institutions that exalt loyalty to community and the authority of customs and ancestry, while they lacked power centralization, would reproduce themselves routinely and statically as well as diminish the prospects of social change. This paper criticizes Gellner's segmentary theory for neglecting the role of kinship and blood ties, social stratification and chiefship, marginalizing socio-historical dynamics, and the overemphasizing of the pacific role of religion and saints.

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Rharbi, Noussaiba, and Mehmet İNCEOĞLU. "Moroccan New Green Cities, Towards a Green Urban Transition." Journal of Islamic Architecture 7, no. 2 (2022): 296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jia.v7i2.17222.

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Morocco is living in a sustainable transition that touches all the fields. The urban transition seems to take a quick turn, especially after 2014, with the establishment of various eco-cities research projects, eco-neighborhoods, and the construction of green cities such as Benguerir, Bouskoura, and Ze-nata. This paper describes some research into sustainability, the parameters behind green urbanism, and the transition effects. It also explains the Moroc-can urbanism transition witnessed after colonization and the sustainability introduction to the country. This research compares two green cities, Benguerir in the south and Zenata on the Atlantic coast. Both cities are constructed by publicly owned and funded companies, providing a common ground for comparison. This paper analyses sustainability parameters target-ed by the study cases.

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Fakher el Abiari, A., Z. Oulbaz, M. Messouli, and N. Coineau. "A new species of Pseudoniphargus (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from subterranean water of northeastern Morocco: Historical biogeography and evolutionary aspects." Contributions to Zoology 68, no. 3 (1999): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-06803002.

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A new species of Pseudoniphargus, P. longiflagellum (Crustacea Amphipoda) is described from subterranean fresh water of the Riftan region of Morocco. This species is closely related to the group P. ruffoi-P. longipes, which shares several apomorphic characters. The two-step model of colonization and evolution provides an understanding of the origin and the age of this stygobiont. P. longiflagellum is derived from marine ancestors that lived in the coastal groundwaterof the Tethyan South-Rifian channel during the Miocene Tortonian period. The regression of this corridor during the late Tortonian period or at the beginning of the Messinian period may have played a major role in the evolutionary history through vicariance.

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Aït Boughrous, A., M. Boulanouar, M. Yacoubi, and N. Coineau. "The first Microcharon (Crustacea, Isopoda, Microparasellidae) from the Moroccan North Saharan Platform. Phylogeny, origin and palaeobiogeography." Contributions to Zoology 76, no. 1 (2007): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-07601003.

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The interstitial stygobites of the genus Microcharon (Crustacea, Isopoda, Microparasellidae) are highly diversified in Morocco, especially in the High Atlas. A new species from the North Saharan platform is described. Microcharon oubrahimae n. sp. is characterized by the original morphology of the first male pleopod which exhibits a concave inner margin of the distal part and a subdistal position of the armature. From a phylogenetic point of view, M. oubrahimae does not belong to the lineage which includes the Moroccan Atlasian species. In contrast, it belongs to the eastern- Mediterranean group of species. It is related to the species of the groupM. orghidani -M. bureschi -M. phlegetonis from Romania and Bulgaria. The two-step model of colonization and evolution provides an understanding of the origin and evolutionary history of this stygobiont. M. oubrahimae derived from marine ancestors that lived in the littoral interstitial waters of the marine gulfs which covered the Errachidia-Boudnib-Erfoud basin within the pre-African trench during the Turonian or more likely Early Senonian. These marine ancestors might have settled in fresh groundwater during the regressive phases of the Turonian embayment or more likely of the brief Coniacian-Santonian gulf.

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Raheb, Mitri. "Pax Americana: Palestine and the Middle East in the Trump Era." International Journal of Asian Christianity 4, no. 2 (2021): 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25424246-04020003.

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Abstract Peace between Israel and the Arab world appears to be progressing like never before. It started with the UAE, followed by Bahrain and Morocco, and then with Sudan. A “new” Middle East is finally becoming a reality. Yet, on the other hand, the colonization of Palestinian land is progressing at full speed ever since President Trump recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and moved the American Embassy there. During both the Embassy move and the so-called Abraham Accords with Arab countries and throughout the Trump era, biblical language has been employed. This paper will examine these political developments and biblical connotations. At the heart of the issue lies the question of what constitutes real peace. This paper argues that ‘the deal of the century’ was a form of Pax Romana rather than Pax Christi.

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