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Pawlak, Maria, Katarzyna Lewtak et Aneta Nitsch-Osuch. « Epidemiology of infections and colonization caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae NDM in the Mazovian Voivodeship in 2016–2017 ». Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 76, no 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2022-0024.
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Abstract Introduction Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common cause of antimicrobial-resistant opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients. Due to acquired resistance to multiple antimicrobials, K. pneumoniae is a particular threat in health care. The aim of this study was the assessment of the epidemiological situation related to the spread of symptomatic infections and colonization caused by K. pneumoniae New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) in the Mazovian Voivodeship in 2016–2017. Materials and Methods The study included data collected between 2016 and 2017 from 168 hospitals located in and outside of Warsaw but limited to the Mazovian Voivodeship. Data was extracted from reports on suspected epidemic outbreaks and the elimination of outbreaks as well as annual reports on nosocomial infections and alarm pathogens. Results The incidence of infections caused by K. pneumoniae NDM (symptomatic and asymptomatic) was 0.96/1,000 hospitalizations in 2016 and 2.04/1,000 hospitalizations in 2017. In 2016, hospitals in the Mazovian Voivodeship reported 50 transmissions of K. pneumoniae NDM. In 2017, this value increased to 74. The risk of symptomatic infection was higher in hospitals outside of Warsaw than in hospitals in Warsaw, while risk of colonization was higher in hospitals in Warsaw. Conclusions The epidemiological situation related to infections and colonization caused by K. pneumoniae NDM in the Mazovian Voivodeship is disadvantageous, which implies the necessity to monitor anti-epidemic measures. The epidemic situation in hospitals outside of Warsaw seems to be worse compared to hospitals in Warsaw, which have higher risks of symptomatic infection caused by K. pneumoniae NDM.
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Rostek, Katarzyna, et Agnieszka Skala. « Differentiating Criteria for High-Tech Companies ». Management and Production Engineering Review 5, no 4 (10 décembre 2014) : 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mper-2014-0035.
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Abstract Manufacturing companies operating within the high-technology sector are of interest to science, industry and national authorities because of the special economic importance attached to them. However, in order to investigate the condition of those companies, support their growth and monitor the effects of the aid awarded to them, it is first necessary to properly identify the business entities belonging to that sector. To identify the entities belonging to the high-technology industry, it is necessary to perform a sequence of activities which form the procedural algorithm. Usefulness of the algorithm has been verified using the example of a group of Warsaw high-tech companies which were subject to investigation under the European project Warsaw Entrepreneurship Forum. The algorithm could be used as the basis for the implementation of an IT tool for the identification and description of high-tech businesses.
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Jednorog, Slawomir, Ewa Laszynska, Barbara Bienkowska, Adam Ziolkowski, Marian Paduch, Kamil Szewczak, Katarzyna Mikszuta, Karol Malinowski, Marcel Bajdel et Pawel Potrykus. « A new concept of fusion neutron monitoring for PF-1000 device ». Nukleonika 62, no 1 (1 mars 2017) : 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nuka-2017-0003.
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Abstract The power output of plasma experiments and fusion reactors is a crucial parameter. It is determined by neutron yields that are proportional and directly related to the fusion yield. The number of emitted neutrons should be known for safety reasons and for neutron budget management. The PF-1000 is the large plasma facility based on the plasma focus phenomenon. PF-1000 is operating in the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion in Warsaw. Neutron yield changes during subsequent pulses, which is immanent part of this type device and so it must be monitored in terms of neutron emission. The reference diagnostic intended for this purpose is the silver activation counter (SAC) used for many years. Our previous studies demonstrated the applicability of radio-yttrium for neutron yield measurements during the deuterium campaign on the PF-1000 facility. The obtained results were compared with data from silver activation counter and shown linear dependence but with some protuberances in local scale. Correlation between results for both neutron monitors was maintained. But the yttrium monitor registered the fast energy neutron that reached measurement apparatus directly from the plasma pinch. Based on the preliminary experiences, the yttrium monitor was designed to automatically register neutron-induced yttrium activity. The MCNP geometrical model of PF-1000 and yttrium monitor were both used for calculation of the activation coefficient for yttrium. The yttrium monitor has been established as the permanent diagnostic for monitoring fusion reactions in the PF-1000 device.
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Wieczorek, Łukasz, Jakub Stokwiszewski et Justyna I. Klingemann. « Screening of problem gambling among a homeless population in Warsaw ». Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 36, no 6 (11 juillet 2019) : 542–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072519860291.
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Background: While homelessness and problem gambling are both recognised as social and public health concerns and the prevalence of addictive disorders among homeless populations tends to be high. These questions have been studied predominantly independently. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the co-occurrence of the two phenomena among the homeless population using shelters and night shelters in Warsaw, and, more specifically, to provide information about the forms and frequency of gambling in this homeless population. Method: Homeless persons ( N = 690) were interviewed in rehabilitation-shelters ( n = 17) and night-shelters ( n = 2) in Warsaw from November 2015 until January 2016. The core component of the questionnaire was a screening test (Problem Gambling Severity Index). In addition, data regarding the intensity of gambling and various types of games or settings were collected. Results: The prevalence of problem gambling in this population of homeless people was 11.3%, whereas the prevalence of problem gambling in the general population in Poland is much lower (0.7%). Similarly to the general population, the most prevalent gambling games in the homeless population were lotteries; however, homeless people gambled in lotteries almost three times more often compared to the general population. Conclusions: This is the first study examining the prevalence of problem gambling in the homeless population in Poland. The findings of the study suggest that problem gambling among the homeless is a significant social and public health concern. High rates of problem gambling in the homeless population show the need to identify and monitor this problem in shelters and consequently to provide easier access to gambling treatment or prevention programmes.
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TUŚNIO, Norbert, Paweł OGRODNIK et Janusz TUŚNIO. « State of the Art Technologies Used as a Rescue Response During Recovery from Structural Collapse ». Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering 8, no 4 (30 décembre 2017) : 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7318.
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This paper is a description of the state of the art technical equipment procured during the execution of the project ‟Innovative solutions for stabilizing building and engineering structures as a rescue response during structural collapse recoveryˮ. The project is financed by the National Centre for Research with an execution frame of 2015 to 2017, and carried out by the consortium of the Main School of Fire Service in Warsaw, The Fire Service College of the State Fire Service in Kraków, the Scientific and Research Centre for Fire Protection – National Research Institute and CMGI Sp. z o.o. The technical specifications are presented for an unmanned air vehicle (UAV) built on commission for the Main School of Fire Service; the UAV can be used to monitor rescue mission operations at the sites of collapsed building.
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Markiewicz, J., D. Zawieska, A. Bocheńska, A. Tobiasz et S. Łapiński. « THE MULTITEMPORAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DATA IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ROYAL CASTLE IN WARSAW &ndash ; FIRST RESULTS ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2 (30 mai 2018) : 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-675-2018.
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Modern measurement technologies are commonly applied not only to monitor Cultural Heritage objects; they are also applied during archaeological excavation works, when it is important to quickly perform measurements. The paper presents multitemporal integration of different image-based (UAV, close-range digital images) and range-based technologies (Terrestrial Laser Scanning), as well as data acquired in different periods, during archaeological works performed at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, especially for the Justice Court Tower. Measurements were performed in several periods, during deep archaeological excavation works. Due to the limited access to excavations different measurement technologies were applied which allowed to perform measurements within short time. As a results, the DSM (Digital Surface Model). the point cloud and orthoimages were generated. All of the products were stored in the GIS system which will be used for the needs of archaeological and architectural analyses.
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Pastuszak, Anna, Joanna Lewandowska, Krzysztof Buśko et Jadwiga Charzewska. « Effect of elevated physical activity on changes in body composition and subcutaneous fat distribution in boys aged 10 to 16 years : a longitudinal study ». Anthropological Review 77, no 1 (1 janvier 2014) : 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2014-0004.
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Abstract The study is aimed at evaluation of the effect of regular physical activity on total and subcutaneous body fat and its distribution in boys aged 10 to 16 years. A three-year longitudinal study was carried out in order to monitor physical development in 237 boys from sports schools and regular schools in Warsaw, Poland. The boys were selected so that their rate of puberty changes was similar based on evaluation of voice and facial hair. The authors measured 5 skinfolds in the following sites: triceps, calf, subscapular, suprailiac, and abdominal skinfolds. The percentage fraction of total body fat in body mass was measured by means of Tanita TBF 300 electronic body composition analyser. A limb fat to trunk fat ratio (LF/TF) was also calculated in order to evaluate the type of distribution of subcutaneous fat in boys and monitor its changes as affected by regular high physical activity throughout puberty. Lower total body fat and subcutaneous fat in boys from sports schools was the effect of considerably higher physical activity. It was demonstrated that with some minimal values of total body fat and subcutaneous fat, physical activity did not cause a reduction in body fat. It was found that elevated physical activity in boys is conducive to development of a more limb-oriented (peripheral) fatness, which is more favourable to human health
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Chojnacka-Ożga, Longina, et Wojciech Ożga. « Air temperature anomalies in experimental forests in Rogów in 1924–2015 ». Forest Research Papers 79, no 1 (1 mars 2018) : 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/frp-2018-0005.
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Abstract Meteorological measurements, that aim to monitor weather and climate conditions to aid research in changing forest ecosystems, have been conducted in the Warsaw University of Life Sciences’ experimental forests in Rogów since 1924. Based on the long-term air temperature measurements, it can be demonstrated that in the years 1924–2015, anomalously cold months have occurred less often (ca. 3.2%) than anomalously warm months (ca. 4.5%). During the last 20 years, only two anomalously cold months were recorded (November 1998, December 2010), whereas anomalously warm months occurred frequently (May 2002, July 1999, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2012, 2014, August 2002, 2015, September 1999, 2006, October 2000, 2001). We hypothesised that the more frequent anomalously warm months would constitute a trend in increasing the air temperature for particular months between 1924–2015, but surprisingly, a statistically significant trend was observed for all winter (XII–II) and spring months (III–IV) as well as the end of summer (VIII).
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Markiewicz, J., S. Łapiński, A. Bocheńska et P. Kot. « THE RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF THE TLS REGISTRATION METHODS – THE CASE STUDY OF THE ROYAL CASTLE IN WARSAW ». International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (28 juin 2021) : 855–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-855-2021.
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Abstract. Modern measurement technologies are commonly applied to monitor and preserve the cultural heritage as it is an integral part of modern societies. The Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) method is one of the common technologies investigated by the researchers for accurate data acquisition and processing required for architectural documentation. In recent years, many methods were developed for TLS data registration to improve the processing time and accuracy of the bundle adjustment. The aim of this research is to compare the existing TLS target-based registration methods and compare them with the proposed novel method based on the reliability assessment- the robustness analysis. The novel feature-based approach also includes 2D detectors, which were applied to the TLS data converted into spherical images. Measurements were carried out at the Royal Castle in Warsaw using TLS Z+F 5006H and total station Leica TCRP1202. The collected data was analysed using existing software Z+F LaserControl, LupoScan and developed the application to perform 2D + 1H / 3D registration. The main results demonstrated that the proposed method for TLS registration removed the outliers that could not be eliminated by the deviation analysis on control and check points. The accuracy of TLS registration increased with a RMSE difference between 0.1 mm and 3.7 mm in comparison to existing methods. Furthermore, the accuracy of the results from 2D detectors was improved with relative orientation RMSE ≤ 2.1 mm and equivalent for control and check points for X, Y, and Z coordinates in comparison to target-based registration.
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MacFarlane, S. Neil. « Democratization, Nationalism and Regional Security in the Southern Caucasus ». Government and Opposition 32, no 3 (juillet 1997) : 399–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1997.tb00777.x.
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FOR SOME YEARS NOW, WESTERN ACADEMICS AND POLICY-MAKERS HAVE embraced the cause of democratic reform in Central and Eastern Europe. To take but one well-known example, President Clinton in the 1994 State of the Union Address cited the absence of war among democracies as a reason for promotion of democracy around the world. Assistance to former Warsaw Pact and newly independent states has been made conditional to varying degrees on the acceptance of democratic change. The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the European Union, the United States Agency for International Development and associated non-governmental organizations have unleashed armies of promoters of democracy throughout the region to: observe elections; monitor human rights; draft new constitutions and laws defending civil and political rights; train judges and police personnel; and organize and assist political parties, media and non-governmental pressure groups. In short, they have sought to transplant the fabric of civil society and democratic institutions. These armies have landed on terrain often quite foreign to them and have often displayed little sensitivity to the social, economic and political context in which they are operating. This may have contributed to results other than those intended.
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Pluto-Kossakowska, J. « AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF GREY INFRASTRUCTURE BASED ON VHR IMAGE ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2020 (21 août 2020) : 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2020-181-2020.
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Abstract. Grey infrastructure is an integral part of the urban environment. Continuous modernization of architecture, construction, routes or services in that region leads to more and more new grey infrastructure appearing. The reason for this are constant migrations of people, dissemination of a healthy lifestyle or improvement of its level. Its growth is particularly noticeable in agglomerations where keeping the balance between sealed and vegetated area is very much concerned. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly monitor changes over time and thus update the databases containing information on land cover such as the Topographical Database. For this purpose VHR images were processed and analysed in terms of detection efficiency of topographical objects defined as grey infrastructure. This study presents the results of an analysis of the possibility of updating the land cover classes in the Topographical Database based on WorldView-2 satellite images.The methods used to detect grey infrastructure come from a machine learning approach such as Random Forests and parametric Maximum Likelihood classifier, resulting at a 90% level of accuracy.The other aim of the work was to analyse changes in the grey infrastructure on the basis of the Topographic Database at scale 1:10000 using a VHR satellite image. The analysis of its changes was carried out on the dynamically developing city of Warsaw.
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Trafialek, Joanna, Ewa Czarniecka-Skubina, Jurgita Kulaitiené et Nijolė Vaitkevičienė. « Restaurant’s Multidimensional Evaluation Concerning Food Quality, Service, and Sustainable Practices : A Cross-National Case Study of Poland and Lithuania ». Sustainability 12, no 1 (27 décembre 2019) : 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010234.
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The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze consumer choices and evaluate the restaurant service quality, including quality of meals and services, and sustainability practices in restaurants in Warsaw and Kaunas. Our research was conducted using a sample of 1200 adult Poles and Lithuanians. Polish and Lithuanian consumers used catering services with varying frequencies. Different elements influenced their choice of restaurant. However, the common feature was the quality of meals, which in Lithuania was compared only with the price of meals, and with other elements in Poland. In the context of restaurant’s sustainable practices, it has been revealed that surveyed consumers had only partially fit into the contemporary consumption trends. In both countries, consumers have appreciated the use of reusable cutlery and crockery, as well as local and seasonal ingredients, while they did not pay attention to sustainable restaurant practices, such as the use of alternative sources of protein, environmentally friendly forms of energy, and reducing waste and minimization of food losses. The use of cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) allowed a comprehensive assessment of consumer opinions on restaurants in terms of meal quality and service as well as sustainable practices. Restaurateurs should monitor the satisfaction of their customers and recognize the changing needs and habits of consumers.
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Long, William J., Joseph W. Greene et Fred D. Cushner. « Early Clinical Outcomes Associated with a Novel Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation System in the Knee ». Advances in Orthopedic Surgery 2016 (31 mars 2016) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1979348.
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Background. Osteochondral defects of the knee are a common finding at the time of arthroscopic intervention. Purpose/Hypothesis. To report our outcomes after utilizing a new technique of osteochondral allograft transplantation for focal cartilage defects. Study Design. Case series. Methods. All patients treated with osteochondral allograft transplantation with a Zimmer Chondrofix plug (Zimmer Inc., Warsaw, IN) for focal cartilage defects over a 12-month period were followed up at a minimum of 24 months. Failures were documented and radiographs were evaluated. Results. 61 knees (58 patients) underwent grafting. Three cases were lost to follow-up. In the remaining 58 cases the average age was 40 (range 18–59). At a mean follow-up of 28 months (range 24–36), there were 5 failures requiring further surgery. Mean KOOS scores in the Pain, Symptoms, ADL, Sports, and Quality of Life dimensions were 82, 79, 84, 66, and 58, respectively. Radiographs demonstrated maintenance of the subchondral bone without graft absorption or subsidence. Conclusions. Our observations suggest that osteochondral allograft transplantation leads to a satisfactory activity level and function at early follow-up while avoiding the inherent complexities associated with other cartilage restoration techniques. Longer follow-up is warranted to monitor the subchondral bone, articular surface, and patient outcome measures.
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Lipiec, Agnieszka, Piotr Rapiejko, Konrad Furmańczyk et Dariusz Jurkiewicz. « Characteristic of pollen seasons in the most sensitizing plants based on 15 years of observation in Warsaw ». Otolaryngologia Polska 72, no 5 (10 septembre 2018) : 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.4664.
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Introduction Allergic rhinitis concerns nearly 25% of the Polish population. Among pollen allergens, the most common reasons for allergic rhinitis are: grass, birch and mugwort. Knowledge of the characteristics of pollen seasons is necessary in diagnostics, monitoring of therapy and prevention of allergic rhinitis. Purpose This work aims to analyze the pollen seasons of the most commonly sensitizing plants in the Polish population; grass, birch and mugwort in the years 2003-2017 in Warsaw. Material and methods Measurements of pollen concentration were carried out using the Burkard volumetric apparatus operating in continuous volumetric mode. The analysis of pollen seasons was conducted based on the following characteristics: beginning, end, and length of season, annual sum of daily pollen concentrations, maximum daily concentration, number of days with maximum and threshold concentration. Linear regression together with the Pearson correlation coefficient were used in statistical analysis to study the relationship between variables; furthermore, descriptive characteristics of distributions studied were determined. Results The average date of the beginning of the birch pollen season in the analyzed period is April 10th, and it belongs to seasons of average length (47 days on average). Concentration above 75z/m3, when most allergic people expect allergic symptoms, was recorded for an average of 18 days. The highest daily concentration of birch pollen reaching 6321 grains/m3 (2006, 2012, 2016) exceeded the lowest value of the maximum concentration by almost 20 times (2015). Among the taxa analyzed, the highest values of daily concentration and annual sums were recorded for birch pollen. The average date for the beginning of grass pollination season is on May 13th. It is the longest pollen season (on average 134 days), and the period when concentration exceeded 50z/m3 covered an average of 26 days. The highest daily concentration of grass pollen reaching 496 grains/m3 (2005 and 2007) exceeded the lowest value of maximum concentration by 3.5 times (2016). The average date of the beginning of the brackish pollen season is July 16th. The season lasts 65 days on average, when concentration exceeding 30z/m3 was registered for an average of 12 days. The highest daily concentration of mugwort pollen reaching 154 grains/m3 (2007) exceeded the lowest value of maximum concentration by 4 times (2013). For all analyzed taxa, the strongest correlated variables are the annual sum of daily pollen concentrations (Seasonal Pollen Index) and daily maximum concentration (correlation for birch pollen = 0.92, for grass pollen = 0.88, and for mugwort pollen = 0.91) Conclusions Periods of pollen in the air show certain variation in the analyzed 15-year period. The maximum concentration in the pollen season for the analyzed taxa and the annual sum of daily concentrations of pollen show the highest variability, particularly strongly expressed in the case of birch pollen. There is a linear relationship between the annual sum of daily pollen concentrations and the maximum concentration value as well as the number of days with the threshold concentration for all analyzed taxa. Variability of parameters describing the dynamics of pollen seasons indicates the need to monitor, both by patients with hay fever and physicians, the current information about the concentration of pollen in the air during the pollen season.
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Nepelski, Mariusz, et Dominik Hryszkiewicz. « Intranet Communication on the Example of an IT System for Research and Decision‑making Analysis “SINDBAD” ». Internal Security 8, no 2 (31 décembre 2016) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2276.
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The purpose of this article is to present the results of research on internal communication in the Police. The measurable outcome of the research is the development of an IT tool to form a discussion forum that improves intra-organisational communication in hierarchical institutions, and thus management of the organisation. The research is being carried out under the project “Creation of an IT system supporting communication in the Police and other services subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior in terms of internal security — SINDBAD,” No. DOB-BIO7/03/01/2015. The project is co-financed by the National Centre for Research and Development in Warsaw, for which a grant of PLN 5 million has been obtained. This information exchange platform is being created by a research consortium led by the Police Academy in Szczytno. The essence of this tool is its internal structure, which is based on a detailed analysis of the needs of future users. The solution will be equipped with the following modules: research development and management, consultation on legal acts, crisis analysis and statistical analysis. Significantly, the system created will allow maximum anonymity of expression and security against unauthorised access by third parties. The result of the project will include an anonymous IT modular platform for collecting and analysing data to monitor problem areas and planning interventions at the organisational level to ensure internal security, including an organisational and technical solution that ensures the anonymity of contributors.
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Głębocki, Benicjusz, et Ewa Kacprzak. « Użytki rolne w strukturze użytkowania ziemi w Polsce w XXI wieku = Agricultural land in the land use structure in Poland in the 21st Century ». Studia Obszarów Wiejskich 57 (2020) : 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/sow.57.3.
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The purpose hereof is to present changes in the land use structure (with particular regard to agricultural land) in Poland in the first two decades of the 21st century. In the research procedure, close attention has been paid to the spatial aspects of the changes taking place. The analysis conducted at a national, provincial and communal level covered the period between 2002 and 2020 and was based on the materials made available by GUGiK in Warsaw. Political changes, as well as social and economic transformation have initiated profound changes in land use and the ownership system. Nowadays, these are also triggered by urbanisation processes and ageing of the agricultural population. Changes in the agricultural land resources and transformation in the land use structure identified in Poland are to a large extent associated with the applicable legislation that governs, inter alia, issues relating to the splitting of farms and to the agricultural land transactions. Unfortunately, the provisions thereof have been repeatedly amended, which has in no way been beneficial to the rational use of the agricultural land resources. Changes in the agricultural land resources have affected both farms and other forms of ownership. Agricultural land is considered as a kind of reservoir of land for investments Due to, in particular, the development of transport and housing needs in Poland, further agricultural land shrinkage is expected. It is necessary to ensure sustainable agricultural land management and to monitor changes in the land use structure.
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Gmitrowicz, A., R. Szmajda, A. Baran, I. Makowska et P. Kropiwnicki. « Implementation of the national register of suicide attempts as a preliminary strategy for the prevention of suicides in Poland ». European Psychiatry 41, S1 (avril 2017) : s892—s893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1816.
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Studies show that suicide attempts are a major independent predictor of suicide. Only in some countries of the world, there are national registers of these behaviors. Poland is among the countries where suicide prevention is at the stage of implementation of these strategies. One is the initial diagnosis of the prevalence of suicidal behavior (SB) in selected populations. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of SB in Poland on the basis of available databases, including data such as age, sex and mental disorders and the analysis of differentiation of selected indicators of SB.Material and methodsWe analyzed available registers of completed suicides (CS) and suicide attempts (SA), carried out under reporting of the central statistical office (CSO, in the general population, based on death certificates), Police Headquarters (PH, the number of reported SB in the country) and the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw (IPiN, the number of SB in all psychiatric institutions) and the department of adolescent psychiatry in Łódź (SB among hospitalized youth).Results and conclusionsReported data on dissemination of SB in Poland are incomplete, which may affect the reliability of the assessment of the effectiveness of implemented strategies for the prevention of suicides. The aim should be to create a central register of SB, which will not only gather a well-defined data but also monitor how it is obtained.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Chrzustek, Aleksandra. « Destined for success. Story of people awarded the Orzeł Targówka award in 2010–2017 ». Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 624, no 9 (30 novembre 2023) : 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1443.
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The article presents the results of research on the story of people awarded the Orzeł Targówka award in 2010–2017. In addition to the winners, the research also involved the parents of the award winners, teachers, principals of the schools attended by the winners and the Education Authorities of the Targówek district of the capital city of Warsaw. Conversations with the winners of the Orzeł Targówka award allowed us to draw their lifelines, highlighting the factors that contributed to further success, as well as those that did not. Additionally, conversations with the parents of the award winners, teachers, school principals and the Education Authorities of the Targówek district allowed us to expand our knowledge about the organised competition. It also made it possible to indicate recurring patterns in the winners’ lives and to designate a group of people for whom the Orzeł Targówka award was the only prize, as well as a group for whom it was the beginning of a further string of successes.Based on the analyses, attention was drawn to three important facts:I. Resignation from social contacts with peers for 2 years.II. Support from significant others.III. The problem of meeting expectations.The above relationships show the need to monitor the student's situation after receiving a significant award. It is also worth paying attention to understanding the meaning of awards and considering them as a life perspective, not as a one-time event. Awarding then has educational meaning if it prepares the student to follow the path to success.
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Niessen, Jan. « The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe and Other European Fora on Migration ». International Migration Review 28, no 3 (septembre 1994) : 580–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800308.
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In the 1970s, during the Cold War era, European and North American states began a dialogue in Helsinki which became known as the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), or the Helsinki process. For Western states the CSCE served as a platform to raise questions related to security in Europe and the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Eastern European states considered the CSCE as a means to secure the postwar borders and an opportunity to discuss economic and scientific cooperation. Today, 51 European States, plus the United States of America and Canada, participate in this process. Notwithstanding the many and often intense political tensions between the West and the East during those twenty years, quite a number of conferences, seminars and other meetings were held and a great many agreements were adopted and documents issued, dealing with matters related to CSCE's three main areas of concern: security in Europe; cooperation in the fields of economics, science, technology and environment; the promotion of human rights. In response to the fundamental changes in Europe in the late 1980s, the CSCE was given a new impetus and its operational framework was broadened. CSCE offices were established in Prague (CSCE Secretariat), Vienna (Conflict Prevention Center) and Warsaw (Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights) with the aim to strengthen and monitor compliance with CSCE commitments, especially in the area of human rights. A Parliamentary Assembly was established and met twice, first in Budapest and then in Helsinki. A General Secretary and a High Commissioner on Minorities were appointed, with offices in Vienna and The Hague, respectively.
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Rogulski, Mariusz. « Indoor PM10 concentration measurements using low-cost monitors in selected locations in Warsaw ». Energy Procedia 147 (août 2018) : 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.043.
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Płoszaj, Katarzyna, Wiesław Firek et Marcin Czechowski. « The Referee as an Educator : Assessment of the Quality of Referee–Players Interactions in Competitive Youth Handball ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no 11 (4 juin 2020) : 3988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113988.
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Sport does not automatically generate educational benefits for players. For a sports field to become a child-friendly educational environment, it is essential that all actors involved in the organization of youth sport take deliberate educational measures. Among these actors are referees, who should be taken into account during the research on the educational value of sport for the youngest. The subject of the present study was handball referees, who interact with the players during matches. Assuming that the referee is an important actor in sport education and that referee–players interactions are the basic mechanism of the referee’s educational influence, this study aimed to assess the quality of his or her interactions with players during handball matches for children aged 9 to 12 years. The research was conducted in a group of 25 handball referees who refereed matches of children in the region of Mazowieckie Voivodeship in Poland. The referees surveyed had current licenses issued by the Warsaw–Mazovian Handball Association. To assess the quality of referee–players interactions, the authors’ direct observation tool (Referee–Players’ Interaction Assessment Scoring System) was used. The educational referee–players interaction was studied in six dimensions: Positive climate, Responsiveness, Behavior management, Proficiency, Instructing, and Communicating. Data were statistically analyzed using chi-squared test, Mann–Whitney U test and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Cronbach’s alpha values were higher than 0.90 in the factors, showing adequate levels of reliability. The results of the research demonstrated that the assessment of the quality of the referee’s educational influence on players was neither affected by the referees’ experience nor by the outcome of the match. The quality of educational referee–players interactions in five of the six dimensions studied was assessed as average, whereas positive climate was assessed as poor (three-step scale: poor, average, good). If referees are to support coaches and parents in achieving their educational goals, the results indicate areas where they can improve. The research provided empirical evidence that could be used as a basis for the modification of previous training programs for referees developed by local and national sports associations. The referees should be trained to build a positive climate on the sport field, which consists in creating emotional ties with players (physical proximity, social conversation), expressed in an enthusiastic attitude and joy of contacts (smiling, engagement, positive affect reaction, positive comments, respectful and inclusive language, using players first names, listening to players). In addition, referees must be taught to actively monitor players’ emotional, cognitive, social, and health needs, as well as to respond to the players’ needs and solve problems.
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Babik, Wiesław. « Słowa kluczowe, tagi…, i co dalej ? » Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej 49 (31 décembre 2014) : 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sfps.2014.014.
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Keywords, tags... and what else?Keywords and their latest versions, called tags, are the object of this paper. Those expressions are treated as elements of the lexical systems of respective languages: the keyword language and the tag language. Our presentation of those vocabulary groups is intended to demonstrate that they are not homonymous, in structural or functional respects. Those two lexical resources are presented rather from the viewpoint of the theory of indexing and retrieval languages as well as the information search theories.Considering the future of the languages in question, the author presents the folksonomies and the possibilities of application of the respective vocabulary collections in the construction of tools required for semantization of the information retrieval environment in the Internet, including the construction of ontology and thought maps.Special attention was paid to the idea that keywords and tags are practically equivalent to specific “languages” which, similarly to natural languages, are subjected to continuous changes. For that reason, it is necessary to regularly monitor them and consider their practical application in document and information description and search.The works on keywords constitute a step towards the construction of linguistic tools for the needs of a semantic website. This paper is a contribution to the discussion on the development of keyword vocabularies created at the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Such vocabularies constitute part of the Slavic bibliographic information system. Słowa kluczowe, tagi…, i co dalej?Przedmiotem artykułu są słowa kluczowe oraz ich nowsza odmiana zwana tagami. Wyrażenia te zostały potraktowane jako elementy systemów leksykalnych odpowiednich języków: języka słów kluczowych oraz języka tagów. Prezentacja tych grup słownictwa ma na celu wykazanie, że nie są to homonimiczne grupy leksyki zarówno pod względem strukturalnym, jak i funkcjonalnym. Wymienione zasoby słownictwa zostały zaprezentowane z punktu widzenia teorii języków informacyjno-wyszukiwawczych oraz teorii wyszukiwania informacji.Biorąc pod uwagę przyszłość omawianych języków, zaprezentowano folksonomie oraz możliwości wykorzystania omówionych zbiorów słownictwa w budowie narzędzi do semantyzacji środowiska wyszukiwawczego w Internecie, w tym do budowy ontologii i map myśli.Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na to, że słowa kluczowe i tagi to w praktyce swoistego rodzaju „języki”, które, podobnie jak język naturalny, podlegają ciągłym zmianom, stąd potrzeba stałego śledzenia i uwzględniania pragmatyki ich stosowania w opisie i wyszukiwaniu dokumentów i informacji.Prace nad słowami kluczowymi stanowią krok w kierunku budowy lingwistycznych narzędzi na potrzeby semantycznego Web-u. Artykuł stanowi głos w dyskusji nad tworzonymi w Instytucie Slawistyki PAN w Warszawie słownikami słów kluczowych stanowiącymi element systemu slawistycznej informacji bibliograficznej.
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Belowska, Jarosława, Mariusz Panczyk, Zofia Sienkiewicz, Anna Kaczyńska, Aleksander Zarzeka et Joanna Gotlib. « The Analysis of Opinions and Attitudes of Students of Nursing with Respect to the Observance of Patient's Rights in Poland ». Polish Journal of Public Health 124, no 4 (1 mars 2015) : 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjph-2015-0011.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Introduction. As these define the status of the patient during the provision of health services, patients' rights are a very important component of Poland's medical law. The observance of these rights is a prerequisite for the proper performance of the nursing profession. Theoretical and practical preparation in this area is thus already a necessity in the students' education process. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the opinions and attitudes of nursing students with respect to problems in the field of the observance of the rights of patients in Poland. Material and methods. The study was built upon the opinions expressed by 375 students (362 women and 13 men) of the first and second year. These were full-time and part-time students in master's studies in nursing, of the Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw. The study employed a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the content of essays. Results. The results of the study indicate that 59 percent of the respondents report being frequent witnesses of violation of patient's rights. In particular, that which noted were the rights to privacy and dignity (98%), to receive sought-after information (91%) and to suitable health-care (85%). Another right seen to have been violated in the respondents' workplace was the patient's right to the maintenance of the confidentiality of patient-related information by medical personnel (77%). The respondents, while seeing violation of the patient's rights by other employees, declared their own adherence to these rights in their own professional practice. Conclusions. 1. The majority of the study group repeatedly witnessed violation of patients' rights. It would, therefore, be advisable to monitor the observance of the rights of patients by medical personnel, and to see to the professional liability of those who flagrantly breaking the law. 2. Research findings indicate that ethics should be given more emphasis in teaching future health professionals in the course of their medical studies. 3. The analysis of the available literature and our own study show that the share of medical personnel in providing information about the patients' rights is minimal. It would be advisable for medical personnel to be given an opportunity to acquire new skills and competences in this field. 4. Awareness of the existence and knowledge of the patient's rights, not only among medical students and health professionals, but also among patients, is crucial to their observance by the former and their exercise by the latter. It should, therefore, be spread and raised. 5. Training and thematic courses in patient's rights should be provided in order to enable medical personnel to acquire new skills and competences in this field, with the end result of improving their observance of patient's rights. 6. A qualitative analysis constitutes an innovative and effective way of carrying out research and interpreting research findings, being a valuable and reasonable method of conducting a survey, and in exploring the attitudes of students and health-care workers towards patient's rights.
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Sabiq, Ahmad, et Prabowo Nugroho Budisejati. « Web Monitoring System of pH Level, Temperature and Color on River Water using Wireless Sensor Network ». Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 5, no 3 (31 juillet 2017) : 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.5.3.2017.94-100.
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Water is a very important natural resource for human life and other living things. Water pollution, especially in river water, should be controlled because of the rapid development. One technology to monitor multiple physical quantities scattered in a region is the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). WSN technology has the ability to transmit data from sensor readings and forward data received from other nodes. In this study, a prototype was developed to monitor pH level, temperature, and color of river water based on WSN that can be monitored through the web. The sensors at each node are connected to Arduino Uno as a processing unit. Data read from the sensor is sent to the sync node via XBee wireless device. In the sink, the PC also serves as a database server and a web server is used. Test results with two different dispersion indicate that sensor readings can be read by all nodes and received by the sync node and can be displayed on web pages that have been built.
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Gayer, Anna, Dominika Mucha, Łukasz Adamkiewicz et Artur Badyda. « Children exposure to PM2.5 in kindergarten classrooms equipped with air purifiers - a pilot study ». MATEC Web of Conferences 247 (2018) : 00016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824700016.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Children exposure to PM2.5 is associated with several negative health effects. Particulate air pollution in the ambient and indoor air could lead to exacerbation of respiratory diseases and even influence cognitive function in children. One of the methods to improve indoor air quality is to use electronic air purifiers. Such an equipment is still not commonly used in Polish kindergartens and homes. The aim of the study was to assess changes in children exposure to particulate air pollution in kindergarten classrooms due to the occurrence of air purifier. Automatic PM2.5 concentration monitors were used to assess the air quality changes in the indoor and ambient air. As it was a pilot study, four kindergartens in Warsaw has been chosen as research fields. Concentration measurements were conducted in cold season. In each kindergarten measurements of the PM2.5 concentration were made in two classrooms - one with air purifier switched on and the other one without air purification. Changes in air quality were observed due to opening windows and the presence of the children. Air quality in classrooms with air purification was on average almost 40%-50% better than in those without any procedures to decrease air pollutants concentration.
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Kusuma, Aniek Suryanti, et Komang Sri Aryati. « SISTEM PENGARSIPAN DOKUMEN AKREDITASI BERBASIS WEB ». Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer 5, no 1 (5 février 2019) : 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36002/jutik.v5i1.647.
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ABSTRACT<br />A college must be accredited which the accreditation form ( Borang ) is used as a reference in the quality and feasibility assessment of a study program that conducted by the National Accreditation Board of Higher Education (BAN PT). The college will build a team which consist of some divisions that have their responsibilties for composing the documents based on the accreditation standard. Unfortunatelly, the team faces some problems in composing process. The main problem is the delay in collecting documents that make the team leader could not recapilutating documents. The other problem is the team leader unable to monitor the accreditation progress since there is no monitoring system. This research make a system for managing documents, so the team leader could monitor easier the completeness of document. This application would be developed using HTML, CSS, Javascript, and PHP programming languages. This archive system will store all documents in one place that could be accessed from anywhere. In addition, this system has a facility to communicate between divisions. The system testing using black box testing method to ensure all functions running properly. From the results of this research, it could be concluded this document archive system can monitor the document collection process that make accreditation process run smoothly.<br />Keywords : Document, Accreditation, Archive System<br />ABSTRAK<br />Sebuah perguruan tinggi harus terakreditasi dimana Borang digunakan sebagai referensi dalam proses penilaian kualitas dan kelayakan dari sebuah program studi yang dilakukan oleh Badan Akreditasi Nasional Pendidikan Tinggi ( BAN PT ). Perguruan tinggi akan membentuk sebuah tim khusus, yang terdiri dari beberapa divisi yang memiliki tanggung jawab masing-masing dalam penyusunan buku Borang berdasarkan standar yang sudah di tentukan. Tetapi dalam proses penyusunan, tim mengalami beberapa kendala. Kendala utamanya adalah keterlambatan pengumpulan dokumen sehingga kepala tim mengalami masalah dalam proses perekapan dokumen. Selain itu, kepala tim tidak dapat memantau perkembangan persiapan akreditasi dari masing-masing divisi karena tidak ada sistem pengelolaan dokumen.Penelitian ini akan membuat sebuah sistem pengelolaan dokumen-dokumen Borang sehingga mempermudah kepala tim untuk memantau kelengkapan dokumen. Pembangunan aplikasi ini menggunakan bahasa pemrograman HTML, CSS, Javascript dan PHP. Sistem pengarsipan ini akan menyimpan semua dokumen dalam satu wardah yang dapat diakses dari manapun. Selain itu, terdapat fasilitas untuk dapat berkomunikasi antar divisi.Pengujian sistem menggunakan metode black box testing bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa sistem yang telah dibuat dapat berjalan dengan baik atau tidak. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem pengarsipan dokumen akreditasi dapat membantu proses pengumpulan berkas sehingga proses akreditasi dapat berjalan dengan lancar.<br />Kata kunci : Dokumen, Akreditasi, Sistem Pengarsipan
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Shinwari, Ibrahim, Ahmad Wali Aminee, Kirti Warvadekar, Payal Gupta, Deepika Nayar Chaudhery et Manoj Kumar Raut. « Infant and young child feeding practices in two provinces of Afghanistan : results from two rounds of large country-lot quality assurance sampling surveys ». International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no 11 (25 octobre 2018) : 4761. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184565.
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Background: As per NNS 2013, about 58% of the infants aged 0-5 months were exclusively breastfed. The data also shows that only 41% infants 6-8 months of age were introduced solid, semi-solid and soft foods. Further only 28% of children aged 6-23 months received foods from four or more food groups during last 24 hours preceding the survey. Suboptimal IYCF practices are therefore considered to be an important contributor to the high rates of under nutrition in Afghanistan. The program monitoring at two time points was conducted to inform the program about the current status of the program activities and any course correction required. It was also meant to inform the government and other stakeholders on the feasibility of program strategies in improving IYCF practices and recommendations for scale-up programs.Methods: The program monitoring was performed before and after the (IYCN) program roll out in Wardak and Laghman provinces of Afghanistan. To understand and monitor the status of process and program indicators, a Large Country-Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LC-LQAS) study design was adopted.Results: Minimum acceptable diet was observed to be 54% (95% CI: 46%, 61%) in the second round, which was 44% (95% CI: 35%, 53%) in the first round.Conclusions: Minimum acceptable diet among the children of age group 6-23 months was found to be consistently doing well in both the rounds. LC-LQAS was found to be an apt method to estimate the IYCN indicators at time points with low resource use.
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Rapiejko, Joanna, Małgorzata Puc, Małgorzata Malkiewicz, Krystyna Piotrowska-Weryszko, Monika Ziemianin, Grzegorz Siergiejko, Katarzyna Dąbrowska-Zapart, Dariusz Jurkiewicz et Agnieszka Lipiec. « The analysis of birch pollen season in selected cities of Poland in 2021 ». Alergoprofil, 4 mars 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.ap.181040322.
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The study aims to monitor the birch pollen season in selected Polish cities: Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Cracow, Lublin, Olsztyn, Opole, Sosnowiec, Szczecin, Warsaw, Wroclaw and Zielona Gora in 2021. Pollen concentrations were recorded using a Burkard type sampler operating in a continuous volumetric mode. The birch pollen season of 2021 started during the first and second decade of April. In south-western Poland it began about 10 days earlier (April 7th or 10th) than in north-eastern regions (April 18th or 19th). The average length of the season was 31 days. The highest daily concentrations and annual pollen grains sum (seasonal pollen integral) were the most variable season characteristics. The maximum concentrations of birch pollen were recorded between April 21st (in Wroclaw) and May 1st (in Sosnowiec and Warsaw). It ranged from 222 p/m3 in Cracow up to 1997 p/m3 in Wroclaw. SPI was the lowest in Cracow (1573) and Sosnowiec (1763) and the highest in Bydgoszcz (5474) and Wroclaw (5072). The longest exposure to high concentrations of birch pollen, lasting 16–18 days, was detected in Szczecin, Olsztyn and Bydgoszcz. The abundance of birch pollen in Poland in 2021 was not as high as in 2019 and 2020, which, combined with the protective effect of mouth and nose masks due to COVID-19 pandemic, may have resulted in less severe allergy symptoms in sensitized individuals than in previous years.
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Cieślak, Iwona, et Andrzej Biłozor. « A dynamic evaluation of landscape transformations based on land cover data ». Landscape Online, 31 mars 2022, 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3097/lo.2022.1097.
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The present era is characterized by unprecedented levels of human activity, which adapt the world to our needs and induce transformations in landscape morphology and physiognomy. The Anthropocene is a remarkable epoch, where changes in space are not only visible, but also confirmed by an extensive body of research. Human activities lead to the creation of numerous tools for measuring the scale of anthropogenic pressure. Satellite and photogrammetric data that broaden our field of vision and change the scale of reference from local to global or even beyond global. These data support observations of the present condition of the surrounding space as well as the rate of changes in space. In the present study, land cover data were used to monitor changes in the surrounding landscape. A system for classifying evolutionary changes in space was proposed to monitor land-use transformations and describe landscape stability. The applicability of CORINE Land Cover (CLC) data for such analyses was evaluated. The research hypotheses and the proposed procedure were tested in the Mazovian (Polish: Mazowieckie) Voivodeship and the city of Warsaw, the Polish capital and the central point of the analyzed voivodeship which generates continuous changes in space. The results of the study confirmed the research hypotheses and demonstrated that CLC data are suitable for monitoring spatial changes.
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Rapiejko, Anna, Małgorzata Malkiewicz, Tomasz Wolski, Agata Konarska, Monika Ziemianin, Kazimiera Chłopek, Grzegorz Siergiejko, Kornel Szczygielski, Przemysław Bant et Agnieszka Lipiec. « The analysis of alder pollen season in selected cities of Poland in 2021 ». Alergoprofil, 18 novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.ap.174171121.
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The study aims to monitor the alder pollen season in selected Polish cities: Bialystok, Cracow, Lublin, Olsztyn, Opole, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Sosnowiec, Szczecin, Warsaw, Wroclaw and Zielona Gora in 2021. Pollen concentrations were recorded by volumetric method using a Burkard-type sampler operating in a continuous volumetric mode. Alder pollen season, defined as the period with 98% of the annual total catch, started in 3rd decade of February in all monitoring sites. There was a marked variation in duration of the season between the sites. It lasted from 31 in Cracow to 54 days in Bialystok (38 days on average). The highest peak daily alder pollen concentrations were observed in Wroclaw (1879 grains/m3) on February 26th). The longest exposure to high concentrations of alder pollen, lasting 22–24 days, was detected in Zielona Gora, Piotrkow Trybunalski and Olsztyn. The alder pollen season in 2021, compared to the previous year, was longer, with higher average sum of daily concentrations over the season, higher maximum daily concentrations and longer exposure to high pollen concentrations at most monitoring sites.
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« Five years prospective survey of antibiotic resistance in Bacteroides and Parabacteroides isolated from inpatients of clinical hospital in Warsaw, Poland ». Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia, 2020, 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32394/mdm.72.02.
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Objectives: Diagnostics of anaerobic bacterial infections and determination of drug susceptibility are technically difficult and time-consuming; therefore, the number of studies on Anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli is significantly limited, especially in Europe. The aim of the study was to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility of clinically important anaerobic bacteria Bacteroides spp. and Parabacteroides distasonis. Strains were isolated from infections of patients hospitalized at one Polish hospital as a result of routine microbiological diagnostics. Material and methods: Clinical isolates were identified with MALDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 276 strains was carried out by E-test gradient strip to commonly used antibiotics i.e. benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, imipenem, clindamycin and metronidazole. MIC values were determined. The interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted in accordance with The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) recommendations. Results: Susceptibility tests of all isolates yielded the following rates of resistance to the evaluated β-lactam antibiotics: benzylpenicillin (96%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (7.6%), imipenem (2.1%). In presented study 38.8% of clindamycin-resistant strains were isolated, among them 18.3% of B. fragilis and 53.85% P. distasonis. All strain were susceptible to metronidazole. Conclusions: Obtained results and analysis of the results of other researchers convinces us that it is necessary to routinely or at least periodically monitor drug susceptibility of clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and use targeted therapy based on the result of the antibiogram. Although high percentage of the tested Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains remained susceptible to metronidazole and β-lactam antibiotics the use of clindamycin in empirical therapy may not be efficacious. Antibiogram results should be consult with the staff responsible for patient treatment and hospital antibiotic policies.
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Krzysztoszek, Arleta, Beata Gad, Sabine Diedrich, Sindy Böttcher et Magdalena Wieczorek. « Investigation of airport sewage to detect importation of poliovirus, Poland, 2017 to 2020 ». Eurosurveillance 27, no 24 (16 juin 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.es.2022.27.24.2100674.
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Background Polioviruses are human pathogens which may easily be imported via travellers from endemic areas and countries where oral polio vaccine (OPV) is still routinely used to polio-free countries. Risk of reintroduction strictly depends on polio immunisation coverage. Sustaining a polio-free status requires strategies that allow rapid detection and control of potential poliovirus reintroductions. Aim The aim of this study was to apply environmental surveillance at an international airport in Poland to estimate the probability of poliovirus importation via air transport. Methods Between 2017 and 2020, we collected 142 sewage samples at Warsaw Airport. After sewage concentration, virus was isolated in susceptible cell cultures. Poliovirus isolates were characterised by intratypic differentiation and sequencing. Results Seven samples were positive for polioviruses. All isolates were characterised as Sabin-like polioviruses type 3 (SL-3). No wild or vaccine-derived polioviruses were found. The number of mutations accumulated in most isolates suggested a limited circulation in humans. Only one SL-3 isolate contained seven mutations, which is compatible with more than half a year of circulation. Conclusion Since OPV was withdrawn from the immunisation schedule in Poland in 2016, detection of SL-3 in airport sewage may indicate the events of importation from a region where OPV is still in use. Our study shows that environmental surveillance, including airport sewage investigation, has the capacity to detect emerging polioviruses and monitor potential exposure to poliovirus importation. Poliovirus detection in sewage samples indicates the need for sustaining a high level of polio immunisation coverage in the population.
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Matkovic, V., A. Abbas, J. Angelova, E. Berardi, A. Bussalleu, X. Chen, C. Daher, K. De Hoogh, B. Flückiger et U. Gehring. « The urban burden of disease estimation for policy-making in 1000 European cities ». European Journal of Public Health 33, Supplement_2 (1 octobre 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.290.
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Abstract In Europe, over 70% of the population lives in urban areas. Cities promote innovation and wealth creation; however, they are also a main source of pollution, disease and mortality, to some extent linked with suboptimal urban and transport planning practices. The aim of the project is to improve the estimation of health impacts and socioeconomic costs of environmental stressors related to urban and transport planning, advance modelling approaches and strengthen evidence-based policy-making. The analyses focus on air pollution, noise, temperature/heat and lack of green spaces for nearly 1000 European cities. We are (1) developing an overall urban burden of disease impact assessment framework; (2) identifying health and wellbeing indicators; (3) obtaining exposure-response relationships for environmental stressors and health outcomes of interest; (4) developing tools and guidelines for cost-benefit analyses; (5) obtaining health and environmental stressors data for cities for 2015, 2018, 2021 and 2024 and (6) calculating health and socioeconomic impacts and monitor trends. Specific urban and transport planning scenarios will be developed for case-studies cities (Barcelona, Brussels, Manchester, Munich, Utrecht, Sofia, Warsaw and Zagreb) and include additional aspects such as mobility, physical activity and inequities. The science-to-policy translation is a strong component of this research project where we are conducting consultation with and providing knowledge translation to cities and stakeholders, and sharing good practices, for greater science-policy impact. We strive to make the change on city-level policy and action plans, as well as on national and EU level policy making. By improving health impact and socioeconomic costs estimations and engaging with stakeholders we expect to generate impact and promote healthier urban and transport planning practices in European cities.
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Khuram, Izaz, Sophia Barinova, Nadeem Ahmad, Asad Ullah, Siraj Ud Din, Samin Jan et Muhammad Hamayun. « Ecological assessment of water quality in the Kabul River, Pakistan, using statistical methods ». Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 46, no 2 (1 janvier 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2017-0015.
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AbstractWe identified 209 species of algae and cyanobacteria at 4 sites in the Kabul River. Green algae, diatoms, and charophytes dominated in the river, which reflects regional features of agricultural activity. Species richness and algal abundance increased down the river. The Water Quality Index characterizes the quality of water down the river as medium to bad. The index of saprobity S reflects Class III water quality. The Water Ecosystem Sustainability Index (WESI) shows contamination with nutrients. According to the River Pollution Index (RPI), waters in the river have low alkalinity and low salinity, and are contaminated with nutrients. Pearson coefficients showed that water temperature plays a major role in the total species richness distribution (0.93*) and in the green algae distribution (0.89*), while cyanobacteria were stimulated also by water salinity (0.91*). Stepwise regression analysis indicated water temperature as the major regional factor that determines riverine algal diversity. Surface plots and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that salinity, nitrates, temperature, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) can be defined as major factors affecting algal diversity. Dendrites mark the upper site of the Warsak Dam as the source of the community species diversity. Bioindication methods can give relevant and stable results of water quality and self-purification assessment that can be employed to monitor the regional water quality.