Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Modelli a Classi Latenti »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Modelli a Classi Latenti"
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Santoro, Carlo M. « MODELLI DI SICUREZZA ». Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 18, no 1 (avril 1988) : 3–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048840200017251.
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IntroduzioneL'impiego di modelli consente di ordinare concettualmente una teoria, oppure una pre-teoria, nel senso che per le sue caratteristiche di rappresentazione schematica (e talvolta anche grossolana) della realtà facilita l'identificazione di tutti gli elementi necessari alla sua impostazione. D'altra parte opera un raccordo fra classi o idealtipi la cui affinità affiora indirettamente, per metodo comparativo, proprio nel quadro della loro diversità. Infine, attraverso la loro potenza esplicativa, per le proprietà di raffigurare una teoria, nonché per la loro semplicità, riduzione di scala, e omissione dei dettagli, i modelli possono far da crocicchio, ovvero da intersezione, anche in seno all'analisi delle Relazioni Internazionali.
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Parodo, Ciro. « Come incarnazioni delle stelle, illuminano la morte. Lo Zodiaco come simbolo dell’eternità del potere aristocratico nei calendari figurati romani ». MHNH. Revista Internacional de Investigación sobre Magia y Astrología Antiguas, no 19 (22 décembre 2019) : 217–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/mhnh.vi19.15415.
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La caratteristica principale dei calendari astrologici illustrati romani consiste nella rappresentazione dei dodici mesi dell’anno, raffigurati come personificazioni dei rispettivi segni zodiacali e delle relative divinità tutelari, parzialmente sostituite, nella Tarda Antichità, dalle immagini delle divinità collegate alle principali festività religiose mensili. Obiettivo di questo contributo è l’analisi delle dinamiche socio-culturali e dei meccanismi di comunicazione visuale attraverso i quali i membri delle classi sociali più elevate utilizzano le immagini dello Zodiaco nei calendari figurati per veicolare l’idea dell’eternità del loro potere e del loro status elevato,sulla base di prototipi culturali e modelli iconografici derivati dall’arte ufficiale imperiale.
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Monacelli, Nadia, et Luca Caricati. « L'auspicata disparità o la costanza di Cenerentola : quando il mondo ideale non contempla l'equità ». PSICOLOGIA DI COMUNITA', no 2 (février 2011) : 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/psc2010-002005.
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Con questo lavoro si č inteso verificare la persistenza di modelli relazionali improntati a una divisione tradizionale dei ruoli di genere nell'ambito del lavoro riproduttivo. Un questionario volto a rilevare la suddivisione dei lavori domestici sia nella descrizione dei vissuti quotidiani sia in quella relativa ad una convivenza ideale č stato sottoposto a 947 persone (53,5% donne) appartenenti a diverse classi di età. I risultati rivelano, sia sul piano concreto sia su quello ideale, una sostanziale tipizzazione dei compiti domestici. La stabilità del dato attraverso i sottocampioni, indica una consistente condivisione delle aspettative di ruolo, concepite come profondamente asimmetriche, fra tutti i partecipanti: uomini e donne, giovani e adulti.
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Epifani, Andrea. « Il metodo tassometrico : uno strumento statistico per lo studio della struttura latente di un costrutto ». RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA, no 1 (mai 2012) : 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rip2011-001001.
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Il problema della struttura latente dei costrutti è centrale in psicologia clinica e in psichiatria. Spesso queste discipline si avvalgono di etichette diagnostiche create arbitrariamente, le quali vengono considerate a priori come indicative di reali differenze qualitative tra i soggetti. Il DSM-IV-TR rappresenta un esempio di questa tendenza. Tuttavia la struttura latente di un costrutto dovrebbe essere esaminata empiricamente, tramite strumenti statistici che siano in grado di valutare se un campione di soggetti, esaminati in base a un determinato costrutto, mostra differenze quantitative (continue) oppure qualitative (categoriali) tra i soggetti. Nel primo caso il campione avrà un'unica classe latente dimensionale; nel secondo avrà almeno due classi latenti, una definita taxonica, l'altra complemento. Una delle metodologie più affidabili per testare la struttura latente è il metodo tassometrico, il quale comprende una serie di tecniche che si basano sull'analisi della relazione tra gli indicatori di un costrutto, esaminandone il comportamento matematico. L'ispezione delle curve generate dalle tecniche tassometriche permette di trarre conclusioni circa la struttura latente, che può essere categoriale oppure dimensionale. Il metodo tassometrico ha ricevuto diverse validazioni ed è stato ampiamente utilizzato negli ultimi anni, proponendosi come una metodologia potente e affidabile nello studio della struttura latente.
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Infantino, Agnese, Franca Giuliana Zuccoli et Renata Lanza. « Bambini migranti : alcune riflessioni a partire da percorsi italiani ». Zero-a-Seis 23, no 43 (12 mars 2021) : 583–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-4512.2021.e72928.
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L’articolo tenta di porre con sguardo interrogativo alcune questioni educative che oggi, di fronte a fenomeni e cambiamenti di portata mondiale (le migrazioni, le disuguaglianze nelle risorse, le mutazioni climatiche) segnalano la crisi del modello di sviluppo occidentale e il pericolo rispetto alla stessa sopravvivenza sia umana, sia ecologica. I modelli e le categorie pedagogiche consolidate nel mondo occidentale, tra cui l’idea di “bambino attivo” e adulto empatico, si rivelano inefficaci e parziali di fronte a sfide che impongono nuove visioni educative e un ruolo più attivo, trasformativo e responsabile da parte degli adulti. Per approfondire questi temi si sono coinvolti con un questionario più di cento futuri educatori e insegnanti, indagando le loro idee di “bambino migrante” e le necessità connesse all’interno delle classi.
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Bardelli, Lorenzo. « Yellow Book 2011 - I dati sul servizio di distribuzione e vendita del gas naturale in Italia ». ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no 3 (novembre 2011) : 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2010-003001.
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L'articolo č tratto dello studio elaborato dal centro studi Utilitatis "Yellow Book - I dati sul servizio di distribuzione del gas naturale in Italia". La pubblicazione affronta il tema della regolazione della distribuzione del gas naturale in Italia, partendo dalla descrizione degli attuali - e futuri - assetti istituzionali (modelli di governance e forme di gestione degli operatori), cui segue una approfondita analisi delle tariffe applicate all'utenza e la corrispondente spesa delle famiglie. L'articolo passa, poi, ad esaminare le grandezze economiche e patrimoniali riportate nei bilanci dei principali distributori nazionali, aggregati per classi dimensionali. Nella terza parte del lavoro si affronta il tema delle gare per l'affidamento del servizio, offrendo una visione critica dei criteri di selezione scelti dagli enti affidanti e degli esiti delle procedure stesse.
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Matschinger, Herbert, et Matthias C. Angermeyer. « Zur Exploration statistisch gut angepasster Latent-Class-Modelle durch Homogenitätsanalyse ». Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie 26, no 1 (mars 2001) : 46–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11614-001-0003-y.
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An, Wookhyun, et Silverio Alarcón. « Inferring customer heterogeneity for rural tourism : A latent class approach based on a best-worst choice modelling ». Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 67, No. 7 (14 juillet 2021) : 266–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/56/2021-agricecon.
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This research aims to analyse customers' preference heterogeneity for rural tourism in Spain and explore their preferences' personal and socio-demographic factors. To achieve this purpose, latent class analysis with the best-worst choice modelling has been applied through conducting a survey on 452 customers in Madrid and Barcelona. The results show that there are five classes in the Spanish rural tourism market: 'all-around seeker', 'leisure activist', 'culture explorer', 'comfort-driven user', and 'basic value pursuer'. The contribution of this investigation is that it is the first study that applied the latent class analysis with best-worst choice modelling to explore customers' preference heterogeneity for rural tourism.
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Federighi, Paolo, Giovanna del Gobbo et Daniela Frison. « Un dispositivo di self-directed guidance per orientare alle professioni educative ». EDUCATIONAL REFLECTIVE PRACTICES, no 1 (avril 2021) : 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/erpoa1-2021oa11488.
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Nell'ambito del progetto POT "Super", l'Università di Firenze ha progettato e applicato un dispositivo di self-directed guidance indirizzato a studenti e studentesse delle classi quarte e quinte di cinque Scuole Secondarie di Secondo Grado di Firenze e provincia, a supporto di una scelta universitaria motivata e consapevole rispetto alle proprie prefigurazioni e propensioni professionali. L'allineamento con la ricerca Teco D pedagogia ha consentito di creare una continuità formativa tra dispositivo di guidance e corso di laurea ponendoli nella stessa traiettoria di professionalizzazione, intercettando anche le opportunità offerte dalle Linee guida MIUR per la progettazione dei Percorsi per le Competenze Trasversali e per l'Orientamento (PCTO). Il contributo, attraverso una descrizione del dispositivo e del protocollo di implementazione, intende evidenziare alcune dimensioni del Progetto POT apparse innovative e potenzialmente in grado di produrre impatto su modelli di orientamento universitario.
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Angelucci, Anna. « La scuola di tutti e per ognuno. Meritocrazia selettiva e cooperazione inclusiva ». SOCIETÀ DEGLI INDIVIDUI (LA), no 45 (février 2013) : 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/las2012-045004.
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La cooperazione appare, sia da un punto di vista biologico sia da un punto di vista culturale, come una modalitÀ comportamentale che gli esseri umani hanno sviluppato per garantirsi vantaggi evoluzionistici di tipo individuale e/o sociale. Anche nell'attivitÀ pedagogica e formativa, l'approccio cooperativo, centrato sulla costante valorizzazione dei processi di apprendimento nel percorso d'istruzione, costituisce la scelta privilegiata dai docenti italiani, nelle scuole di ogni ordine e grado. Tuttavia, negli ultimi anni, con l'istituzione di un sistema di valutazione nazionale (Invalsi), il Miur sta introducendo nuove forme di competizione tra docenti, studenti, classi e scuole, adottando modelli anglosassoni basati sul paradigma della meritocrazia misurata attraverso test standardizzati. Forme di competizione che favoriscono la diffusione di comportamenti opportunistici e individualistici e che impediscono la realizzazione del fine ultimo dell'istruzione e della conoscenza: l'emancipazione da condizioni di partenza svantaggiose o inique e l'acquisizione di un ventaglio di capacitÀ soggettivamente significativo per formulare e realizzare il nostro progetto di vita.
Thèses sur le sujet "Modelli a Classi Latenti"
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Del, Giovane Cinzia <1979>. « Modello multilevel a classi latenti : estensione al modello multidimensionale ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/718/1/Tesi_Del_Giovane_Cinzia.pdf.
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Del, Giovane Cinzia <1979>. « Modello multilevel a classi latenti : estensione al modello multidimensionale ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/718/.
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Djumboung, Lontsi Danièle Aurelie. « L'effet des caractéristiques du territoire et du paysage sur les décisions d'achat du prosecco : une expérience de choix ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424535.
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The Ministerial Decree of 17 July 2009 amended the specification of the production of Prosecco. Between the main innovations of the decree, there is the introduction of the Denomination of Controlled and Guaranteed Origin (DOCG) for the historic production area of Prosecco, which is located between the towns of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene. The extension of the DOC area production is the second one, and now encompass the provinces of Belluno, Padua, Treviso, Venice and Vicenza in the Veneto and those Gorizia, Pordenone, Trieste and Udine in the region of Friuli Venezia Giulia.
The new disciplinary was created in order to protect the production of Prosecco against counterfeits which are becoming more common on the market. The goal of our research is to develop a study to determine if and how extent the characteristics of the territory and the landscape can become tools for the valuation of the typicality of wine production, with particular reference to the production of Prosecco. The recent expansion of the area production of Prosecco DOC has set new challenges for wine producers that operate in the area that was previously the DOC of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco, became a DOCG area. The idea we have is to check if the market is able to recognize the characteristics of the wines produced in the DOCG and if they will keep the golden place they had already acquired on the market. In this regard, we have identified some typical elements of DOCG, and we tried to see using Discrete Choice Experiment whether they can be used as marketing tools or in other words, if these characteristics can allow companies of the hilly area oh this region to acquire the market power. In this context, a special questionnaire was built to conduct interviews, and these allowed us to collect informations related to the consumption of wine in general and those of Prosecco in particular. Socio-economics informations where also collected in order to better characterise the sample of respondents. Using a sample of 556 interviews, research allowed us to understand how some intrinsic attributes (using of local grapes biotypes) and extrinsic (landscape protection, traceability, belonging to the DOCG production area), are be able to influence the purchase consumers behaviour. In particular, producers of the hilly area should use grapes from local biotypes, ensure accurate traceability, and promote the conservation of traditional vineyard landscapes in order to increase the propensity to buy Prosecco DOCG wines. In addition, it is necessary that the Consortium for the Protection of Prosecco DOCG should implement targeted marketing strategies to promote the meaning of Acronym DOCG, and those that will try to highlight the differences between the Prosecco DOC and DOCG.Il Decreto Ministeriale del 17 luglio 2009 ha modificato il disciplinare di produzione del Prosecco. Tra le principali novità del Decreto, vi è l'introduzione della denominazione D.O.C.G. (Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita) per la storica area di produzione del Prosecco che si trova fra i comuni di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene, e l'estensione dell'area D.O.C. (Denominazione di Origine Controllata) alle province di Belluno, Padova, Treviso, Venezia e Vicenza nel Veneto e alle province di Gorizia, Pordenone, Trieste e Udine in Friuli Venezia Giulia. Il nuovo disciplinare nasce con l'intento di garantire la tutela delle produzioni di Prosecco contro le forme di contraffazione che sono sempre più frequenti. L'obiettivo della nostra ricerca è di sviluppare uno studio per verificare se ed in quale misura le caratteristiche del territorio e del paesaggio possano divenire strumenti per la valorizzazione della tipicità delle produzioni vitivinicole, con particolare riferimento alla produzione del Prosecco. Il recente ampliamento dell'area di produzione del Prosecco DOC ha posto nuove sfide ai vitivinicoltori che operano nell'area che fino a poco tempo fa era interessata dalla DOC del Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene (ora trasformata in DOCG). Si tratta di verificare se il mercato sarà in grado di riconoscere la peculiarità dei vini prodotti nella DOCG, e se questi continueranno a godere di un certo potere di mercato come avveniva in passato. A tale riguardo sono stati individuati alcuni elementi tipici dell'area DOCG, e si è cercato di verificare, tramite un esperimento di scelta discreta, se possano essere utilizzati quali strumenti di marketing o in altri termini, se questi elementi possano far acquisire potere di mercato alle imprese vitivinicole che operano nell'area di produzione collinare. Un questionario è stato appositamente costruito per condurre le interviste, e ciಠha permesso di raccogliere informazioni relative al consumo di vino in generale e di Prosecco in particolare. Sono inoltre state raccolte informazioni socio-economiche per poter meglio caratterizzare il campione di intervistati. Tramite un campione di 556 interviste, la ricerca ha consentito di comprendere come alcuni attributi intrinseci (impiego di uve da biotipi locali) ed estrinseci (tracciabilità , tutela paesaggio, appartenenza alla zona di produzione DOCG), siano in grado di influenzare il comportamento d'acquisto dei consumatori. In particolare, i produttori della zona collinare potrebbero utilizzare le uve provenienti da biotipi locali, garantire una tracciabilità più precisa, favorire la conservazione dei paesaggi viticoli tradizionali per potere aumentare la propensione all'acquisto del Prosecco ottenuto nella zona DOCG, e garantire loro un maggiore potere di mercato. Inoltre, appare necessario che il Consorzio di Tutela del Prosecco DOCG attui strategie di marketing mirate a promuovere il significato della sigla DOCG, cercando anche di evidenziare chiaramente le differenze esistenti tra il Prosecco DOC e DOCG
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Donni, Paolo Li. « Modelling unoserved heterogeneity in health and healthcare : An extended latent class approach ». Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533491.
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SOTTILE, ELEONORA. « Costruzione di modelli di scelta discreta ibridi per misurare gli effetti delle strategie informative sulla scelta del modo di viaggio contestualmente agli aspetti latenti ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266383.
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Road traffic is now the main culprit of air pollution in urban areas, due to the emissions of the combustion products of fuels and their subsequent chemical transformation, as well as to the evaporation of unburned hydrocarbons. Transport accounts for 25% of CO2 emitted globally, and is also one of the few sectors where emissions have continued to grow, oil consumption between 1973 and 2010 increasing by 110% (IEA, 2011) and CO2 by 44 %. (IEA, 2009; Banister et al., 2012). Several actions and measures have been developed to try to mitigate the harmful emissions produced by the transport sector and in particular by road traffic. These largely concern vehicle technology, type of fuel, economic tools and institutional controls. Although powerful, these measures have not been proved to be sufficient to solve the problem (Schwanen et al., 2011).
In recent years, research has consequently increasingly focused the attention on measures and policies that affect individuals’ behaviour and in particular what motivates their decisions. Providing information is the measure most used to promote behaviour change (Abrahamse and Matthies, 2012): "A person who has an attitude that suggests that it would be consistent for him or her to use the car less cannot bring about behaviour change if that person does not know how to change" (Ampt, 2003). It has been observed that measures that increase individual’s awareness can produce enduring changes, being the result of mindful decisions. This is at the basis of the concept of "Soft Measures", also referred to as "Voluntary Travel Behaviour Change" (VTBC) programmes (Ampt, 2003) or "Smarter Choices" (Cairns et al., 2004), i.e. programmes aimed at motivating the voluntary reduction of car use. VTBC programmes provide information typically on: a) the negative (mainly environmental) effects of current behaviour and b) how individuals can change their current behaviour to mitigate the negative effects.
The types of information provided in these studies are mostly: travel time, mileage travelled, travel cost, time spent in non-working activities, CO2 emitted, calories burned. These studies assess the overall effectiveness of the programme, comparing the number of trips by car before and after the implementation of a soft measure. None of them have however examined which of the information provided actually leverages behaviour change. Understanding to what extent specific soft measures contribute to shape individuals’ preferences, is crucial for defining the best policy for fostering changes toward sustainable modes.
Of the environmental effects, the information about the impact on the CO2 emitted is probably the most effective measure (and more understandable than other measures like for example PM10). The information on CO2 has often been used in VTBC programmes, and it is widely recognised that individuals are less likely to adopt environmentally friendly behaviour if this information is not provided. However research to date has not yet made it possible to disentangle its efficacy as a soft measure.
As far as the information on health effects is concerned, the typical measure tested is the number of calories burned. This is a relatively easy measure to test, because it is easy to quantify and for the individuals easy to associate with the effects on their health. However, from the health literature it seems that rather than the calories burned, stress represents the real plague of modern society. Wener et al. (2010) found also that car commuters showed significantly higher levels of reported stress and more negative moods compared to train
commuters. None of the studies however assess the effect of the information, i.e. to what extent being aware of the stress caused by driving has an impact on individuals’ decision to change transport mode.
Therefore the objective of this thesis work is to contribute to the development of a programme for voluntary travel behaviour change, and to study the extent to which each single element of the soft measure contributes to the overall awareness. The study focuses in particular on the effect that information on pollution and individual stress has on the choice to shift from private car to Park and Ride (P&R). To try and disentangle the effect of these two components a Stated Preference (SP) experiment was built where the reduction of CO2 and the reduction of stress are attributes included in the experimental design.
The ability to perceive, or to be conscious of something and to react to it (i.e. awareness) can differ from one person to another depending on their psychological stance toward environment and stress. Many studies have accounted for the effect of environmental attitude mainly in mode choice or type of fuel-vehicle choice. However, other latent effects other than attitude are relevant. In particular, in terms of environmental awareness and the information provided, personal norm measures a very interesting aspect as they evaluate the moral rule (and obligation) that lead individuals to act rightly or wrongly towards the environment. As for stress, the way individuals perceive stress caused by traffic and the way they perceive the information about stress are particularly relevant for the study.
In particular the contribution of this thesis work is to define the methodology to use within a VTBC programme to account for all the above-mentioned aspects. The methodology used thus comprises a SP survey where soft measures information is directly included as attributes in the SP tasks presented to the individuals, a survey that follows the theory of planned behaviour (Ajzen, 1991) to specifically measure psychological aspects that could influence the impact of the information provided and/or mode choice.
The use of information attributes in the SP is not common and deserves further consideration. The major challenges in including the information about CO2 and stress as attributes concern how they should be presented to respondents in order to be clearly understood. We devoted special attention to studying the best way to present the soft measures in the SP survey. In particular we tested the following aspects: 1) whether to use images alone, only text or both; 2) the type of information that should be included in the text. The major difficulty lies in explaining to people what the information provided means; 3) the type of context to be included in the images; 4) whether to use abstract or real images i.e. cartoons or real people.
Lastly, to analyse the data collected, several hybrid choice models (HCM) have been estimated so as to assess the effect of awareness and psychological aspects in the discrete choice between car and P&R.
The results show that 1) the utility to P&R increases with the level of awareness attained thanks to the information about the light rail alternative, 2) the more individuals consider receiving information about stress useful, the more they tend to behave sustainably, choosing P&R, 3) those aspects associated with stress would appear to have a greater influence on travel choice than environmental aspects.The thesis work highlighted the importance of being able to completely evaluate the behavioural process so as to enhance the effectiveness of VTBC programme implementation. An incorrect evaluation of the definition and implementation of measures, as well as of all those attributes influencing travel behaviour, could impair the effectiveness of those measures, and in terms of modelling, result in inaccuracy in travel demand forecasting.
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Li, Donni Paolo. « Modelling unobserved heterogeneity in health and health care : an extended latent class approach ». Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1162/.
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Unobserved heterogeneity is one of the main concerns for applied economists, this is particularly so when modelling health and health related behaviours. This thesis illustrates four studies on modelling unobserved heterogeneity using some recent developments in latent class analysis. Chapter 2 examines two sources of individual unobserved heterogeneity when subjective indicators are used to measure health status: variations in unobservable true health and differences in self-reporting behaviour for a given level of “true health”. These two sources are separately identified using both objective (biomarkers) and subjective health indicators. Chapter 3 examines the so called positive correlation test. This test rejects the null of absence of private information in a given insurance market when individuals with greater coverage experience more of the insured risk. This test is shown to lead to puzzling results where there exists multiple sources of private information (multidimensional heterogeneity). An alternative strategy proposed uses a finite number of heterogeneous types and extends the standard adverse and favourable selection definitions into local and global ones. We implement a finite mixture model to identify the unobserved types and test the multidimensionality of private information. We apply these approaches to the US long-term care and Medigap insurance markets.
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Norris, Paul Andrew. « Policing priorities in London : do borough characteristics make a difference ? » Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5674.
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Much current discourse around policing in the UK stresses the need for a partnership between the police and public and, in particular, the need for the police to be responsive to the concerns of local communities. It is argued that appearing responsive to local needs, and showing a willingness to consult the public in the process of decision making, is likely to increase support for the police. Despite this, detailed analysis of the public’s preferences for policing remains relatively sparse. This thesis uses data from the 2003-04 Metropolitan Police’s Public Attitude Survey (PAS) to consider whether survey data can provide a useful indication of a respondent’s preferences, and how these preferences may vary depending on the characteristics of respondents and the boroughs in which they live. This thesis argues that rather than simply considering some overall measure of the level of policing individuals would like to see, or investigating attitudes towards different functions of the police individually, a more interesting and complete view of preferences for policing can be developed by looking at the mix of policing that individuals best believe will meet their needs. Additionally, it will be shown that differences in respondents’ preferences can be related to both the characteristics of individuals and the nature of the boroughs in which they live. It will be suggested that some of these relationships provide evidence that respondents favour a mix of policing they believe will protect them from perceived threats and reflect their perception of the police’s role within society. In addition, this thesis provides an example of how the techniques of Factor Analysis and Latent Class Analysis can provide greater insight into the data collected in large scale surveys. It is suggested that responses provided to different questions are often related and may represent a more general underlying attitude held by the respondent. It is also argued that using techniques which can handle multilevel data will provide greater explanatory depth by suggesting how a respondent’s attitude may be influenced by the context in which they live. The analysis presented offers new insights into the public’s priorities for policing and demonstrates the worth of the statistical methods employed. However it is, to some extent, limited by the form of the questions within the PAS dataset and by the lack of information about the thought process underlying a respondent’s answers. These concerns will be discussed, along with suggestions for future research.
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Smith, Gillian W. « Modelling patterns of polydrug use in the population of Great Britain : A latent class approach ». Thesis, University of Ulster, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502892.
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Renteria, Sacha Ivonne Mireille. « Modelo lineal mixto de clases latentes con respuesta ordinal y su aplicación en la medición de la religiosidad ». Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/15591.
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Los modelos lineales mixtos de clases latentes desarrollados por Proust-Lima, Philipps y Liquet (2017) son útiles para analizar el aspecto dinámico y la naturaleza multidimensional de un fenómeno de interés en poblaciones no necesariamente homogéneas. Estos permiten identificar las posibles clases latentes en la población bajo estudio y cómo un conjunto de covariables afecta en cada clase a la variable respuesta de interés. En esta tesis se desarrolla el modelo lineal mixto de clases latentes con variable respuesta latente y variable mani-fiesta ordinal, a través de sus dos componentes: el sub-modelo estructural y el sub-modelo de medición, que son complementados con un modelo logístico multinomial para analizar la probabilidad de pertenencia a una clase latente. El modelo se aplicó a un conjunto de datos pertenecientes al Estudio Nacional de Juventud y Religión (NSYR por las siglas en inglés “National Study of Youth and Religion”), con el fin de encontrar clases latentes en el constructo religiosidad y describir su evolución. Como resultado, se identificaron tres clases latentes con trayectorias distintas para cada caso.Latent class linear mixed models developed by Proust-Lima, Philipps y Liquet (2017) are useful to analyze the dynamic aspect and the multidimensional nature of a phenomenon of interest in populations not necessarily homogeneous. These allow to identify the possible latent classes in the population under study and how a set of covariates affects the response variable of interest in each class. In this thesis, the latent class linear mixed model with latent response variable and ordinal manifest variable is developed, through its two components: the structural sub-model and the measure sub-model, which are complemented with a mul-tinominal logistic model to analyze the probability of belonging to a latent class. The model was applied to a dataset from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR), in order to find latent classes in the religiosity construct and to describe their evolution. As a result, three latent classes were identified with different trajectories for each case.
Tesis
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Petri, Svetlana [Verfasser]. « Wählen und politische Performanz in Transformationsländern : Theorie, Methoden und empirische Anwendung der Latent-Class-Modelle [[Elektronische Ressource]] / Svetlana Petri ». Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081077603/34.
Texte intégralLivres sur le sujet "Modelli a Classi Latenti"
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Scamuzzi, Sergio. Modelli di equità : Tra individui, classi, generazioni. Bologna : Il Mulino, 1990.
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Kupcova, Oksana. The basics of the Latin language with medical terminology. ru : INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1058964.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The textbook on the discipline "Fundamentals of the Latin language with medical terminology" contains lexical and grammatical exercises, control and measurement exercises, a Glossary and appendices aimed at developing grammatical, lexical and terminological knowledge and skills, and mastering the basic word-forming models of chemical, pharmaceutical and clinical terminology to the extent necessary for further educational activities. The materials of the manual are suitable both for classroom work under the guidance of a teacher, and for independent work of students during extracurricular time. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For first-year students on the basis of secondary General education and second-year students on the basis of basic General education of secondary medical professional educational organizations studying in the specialties "Nursing", "Medical care", "Midwifery", "Laboratory diagnostics". It can also be used for organizing and conducting classes in clubs or elective courses for students of the 10th and 11th grades of medical and biological-chemical profile in schools, lyceums, gymnasiums.
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Bollen, Kenneth A., Sophia Rabe‐Hesketh et Anders Skrondal. Structural Equation Models. Sous la direction de Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady et David Collier. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.003.0018.
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This article explains the use of factor analysis types of models to develop measures of latent concepts which were then combined with causal models of the underlying latent concepts. In particular, it offers an overview of the classic structural equation models (SEMs) when the latent and observed variables are continuous. Then it looks at more recent developments that include categorical, count, and other noncontinuous variables as well as multilevel structural equation models. The model specification, assumptions, and notation are covered. This is followed by addressing implied moments, identification, estimation, model fit, and respecification. The penetration of SEMs has been high in disciplines such as sociology, psychology, educational testing, and marketing, but lower in economics and political science despite the large potential number of applications. Today, SEMs have begun to enter the statistical literature and to re-enter biostatistics, though often under the name ‘latent variable models’ or ‘graphical models’.
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Jackman, Simon. Measurement. Sous la direction de Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady et David Collier. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.003.0006.
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This article shows that the words ‘behavioural’ and ‘behaviour’ turn out to be better measures as judged by tests of criterion and convergent validity. It specifically discusses measurement problems. Further, it pertains to statistical models that link latent variables and their observed indicators as measurement models. The success of measurement — the quality of the inferences provided by a measurement model — is usually assessed with reference to two key concepts: validity and reliability. The distinct uses of measures of latent variables are reported. The article then deals with the costs of ignoring measurement error. Additionally, a quick introduction to factor analysis, item-response models, and a very general class of latent variable models are briefly given. Moreover, it describes the inference for discrete latent variables and the measurement in a dynamic setting.
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Brůha, Jan, et Oxana Babecká Kucharčuková. Growth, Unemployment, and Wages in EU Countries since the Great Recession. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821878.003.0004.
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In this chapter, we contribute to the research investigating how institutions and regulations affect the resilience of countries to adverse macroeconomic shocks. To do this, we apply a hierarchical non-parametric curve fitting model to compare economic growth and labour market developments in EU countries since the beginning of the Great Recession. Using the model, we identify four latent classes that represent distinct patterns of the labour market and economic developments. We present evidence that countries in the different classes systematically differ by labour market regulation and quality of institutions. This demonstrates the relevance of institutions and regulation for economies’ resilience to shocks.
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Donkin, Chris, Babette Rae, Andrew Heathcote et Scott D. Brown. Why Is Accurately Labeling Simple Magnitudes So Hard ? A Past, Present, and Future Look at Simple Perceptual Judgment. Sous la direction de Jerome R. Busemeyer, Zheng Wang, James T. Townsend et Ami Eidels. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199957996.013.6.
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Absolute identification is a deceptively simple task that has been the focus of empirical investigation and theoretical speculation for more than half a century. Since Miller’s (1956) seminal paper the puzzle of why people are severely limited in their capacity to accurately perform absolute identification has endured. Despite the apparent simplicity of absolute identification, many complicated and robust effects are observed in both response latency and accuracy, including capacity limitations, strong sequential effects and effects of the position of a stimulus within the set. Constructing a comprehensive theoretical account of these benchmark effects has proven difficult, and existing accounts all have shortcomings. We review classical empirical findings, as well as some newer findings that challenge existing theories. We then discuss a variety of theories, with a focus on the most recent proposals, make some broad conclusions about general classes of models, and discuss the challenges ahead for each class.
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Gordon, Kathryn H., Jill M. Holm-Denoma, Valerie J. Douglas, Ross Crosby et Stephen A. Wonderlich. The Classification of Eating Disorders. Sous la direction de W. Stewart Agras et Athena Robinson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190620998.013.1.
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The purpose of this chapter is to elucidate the key issues regarding the classification of eating disorders. To this end, a review of nosological research in the area of eating disorders is presented, with a particular focus on empirically based techniques such as taxometric analysis, latent class analysis, and factor mixture modeling. This is followed by a section outlining areas of overlap between the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth Edition (DSM-5) eating disorder categories and their symptoms. Next, eating disorder classification models that are alternatives to the DSM-5 are described and critically examined in light of available empirical data. Finally, areas of controversy and considerations for change in next version of the DSM (i.e., the applicability of DSM criteria to minority groups, children, and males; the question of whether clinical categories should be differentiated from research categories) are discussed.
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Andersen, Ken H. Fish Ecology, Evolution, and Exploitation. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691192956.001.0001.
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Fish are one of the most important global food sources, supplying a significant share of the world's protein consumption. From stocks of wild Alaskan salmon and North Sea cod to entire fish communities with myriad species, fisheries require careful management to ensure that stocks remain productive, and mathematical models are essential tools for doing so. This book is an introduction to the modern size- and trait-based approach to fish populations and communities. It covers the theoretical foundations, mathematical formulations, and real-world applications of this powerful new modeling method, which is grounded in the latest ecological theory and population biology. It begins with fundamental assumptions on the level of individuals and goes on to cover population demography and fisheries impact assessments. The book shows how size- and trait-based models shed new light on familiar fisheries concepts such as maximum sustainable yield and fisheries selectivity—insights that classic age-based theory can't provide—and develops novel evolutionary impacts of fishing. It extends the theory to entire fish communities and uses it to support the ecosystem approach to fisheries management, and forges critical links between trait-based methods and evolutionary ecology. The book unifies the thinking in ecology and fisheries science and is an indispensable reference for anyone seeking to apply size- and trait-based models to fish demography, fisheries impact assessments, and fish evolutionary ecology.
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Poeppel, David, George R. Mangun et Michael S. Gazzaniga, dir. The Cognitive Neurosciences. 6e éd. The MIT Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/11442.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The sixth edition of the foundational reference on cognitive neuroscience, with entirely new material that covers the latest research, experimental approaches, and measurement methodologies. Each edition of this classic reference has proved to be a benchmark in the developing field of cognitive neuroscience. The sixth edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences continues to chart new directions in the study of the biological underpinnings of complex cognition—the relationship between the structural and physiological mechanisms of the nervous system and the psychological reality of the mind. It offers entirely new material, reflecting recent advances in the field, covering the latest research, experimental approaches, and measurement methodologies. This sixth edition treats such foundational topics as memory, attention, and language, as well as other areas, including computational models of cognition, reward and decision making, social neuroscience, scientific ethics, and methods advances. Over the last twenty-five years, the cognitive neurosciences have seen the development of sophisticated tools and methods, including computational approaches that generate enormous data sets. This volume deploys these exciting new instruments but also emphasizes the value of theory, behavior, observation, and other time-tested scientific habits. Section editorsSarah-Jayne Blakemore and Ulman Lindenberger, Kalanit Grill-Spector and Maria Chait, Tomás Ryan and Charan Ranganath, Sabine Kastner and Steven Luck, Stanislas Dehaene and Josh McDermott, Rich Ivry and John Krakauer, Daphna Shohamy and Wolfram Schultz, Danielle Bassett and Nikolaus Kriegeskorte, Marina Bedny and Alfonso Caramazza, Liina Pylkkänen and Karen Emmorey, Mauricio Delgado and Elizabeth Phelps, Anjan Chatterjee and Adina Roskies
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Jónsson, Jóhannes Gísli, et Thórhallur Eythórsson, dir. Syntactic Features and the Limits of Syntactic Change. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832584.001.0001.
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This volume brings together the latest diachronic research on syntactic features and their role in restricting syntactic change. The chapters address a central theoretical issue in diachronic syntax: whether syntactic variation can always be attributed to differences in the features of items in the lexicon, as the Borer-Chomsky conjecture proposes. In answering this question, all the chapters develop analyses of syntactic change couched within a formalist framework in which rich hierarchical structures and abstract features of various kinds play an important role. The first three parts of the volume explore the different domains of the clause, namely the C-domain, the T-domain and the νP/VP-domain respectively, while chapters in the final part are concerned with establishing methodology in diachronic syntax and modelling linguistic correspondences. The contributors draw on extensive data from a large number of languages and dialects, including several that have received little attention in the literature on diachronic syntax, such as Romeyka, a Greek variety spoken in Turkey, and Middle Low German, previously spoken in northern Germany. Other languages are explored from a fresh theoretical perspective, including Hungarian, Icelandic, and Austronesian languages. The volume sheds light not only on specific syntactic changes from a cross-linguistic perspective but also on broader issues in language change and linguistic theory.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Modelli a Classi Latenti"
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Clogg, Clifford C. « Latent Class Models for Measuring ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 173–205. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_9.
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Langeheine, Rolf, et Jürgen Rost. « Introduction and Overview ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 1–7. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_1.
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Andersen, Erling B. « Comparison of Latent Structure Models ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 207–29. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_10.
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Bergan, John R. « Latent Variable Techniques for Measuring Development ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 233–61. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_11.
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Kok, Frank. « Item Bias and Test Multidimensionality ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 263–75. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_12.
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Kubinger, Klaus D. « On a Rasch-Model-Based Test for Noncomputerized Adaptive Testing ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 277–89. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_13.
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van de Vijver, Fons J. R. « Systematizing the Item Content in Test Design ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 291–307. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_14.
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Masters, Geofferey Norman. « Measurement Models for Ordered Response Categories ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 11–29. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_2.
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van den Wollenberg, Arnold L. « Testing a Latent Trait Model ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 31–50. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_3.
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Arminger, Gerhard, et Ulrich Küsters. « Latent Trait Models with Indicators of Mixed Measurement Level ». Dans Latent Trait and Latent Class Models, 51–73. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5644-9_4.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Modelli a Classi Latenti"
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Shah, A., A. Abdolrasouli, S. Schelenz, C. Thornton, MZ Ni, A. Devaraj, N. Devic et al. « S17 Latent class modelling for pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosis in lung transplant recipients ». Dans British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2017, QEII Centre Broad Sanctuary Westminster London SW1P 3EE, 6 to 8 December 2017, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210983.23.
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Harrison, WJ, PD Baxter et MS Gilthorpe. « P18 Multilevel latent class modelling of simulated healthcare provider-level causal effects in observational data ». Dans Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.169.
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Li, Cheng-Hong, Rebecca Collins, Sampada Sonalkar et Luca P. Carloni. « Design, Implementation, and Validation of a New Class of Interface Circuits for Latency-Insensitive Design ». Dans 2007 5th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Formal Methods and Models for Codesign. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memcod.2007.371256.
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Mbotwa, JL, M. de Kamps, PD Baxter, R. Cubbon et MS Gilthorpe. « P15 Latent class regression modelling : a novel approach to predict survival in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) ». Dans Society for Social Medicine 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting, Hosted by the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 5–7 September 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-ssmabstracts.141.
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Giesen, Joachim, Paul Kahlmeyer, Sören Laue, Matthias Mitterreiter, Frank Nussbaum, Christoph Staudt et Sina Zarrieß. « Method of Moments for Topic Models with Mixed Discrete and Continuous Features ». Dans Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/333.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Topic models are characterized by a latent class variable that represents the different topics. Traditionally, their observable variables are modeled as discrete variables like, for instance, in the prototypical latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic model. In LDA, words in text documents are encoded by discrete count vectors with respect to some dictionary. The classical approach for learning topic models optimizes a likelihood function that is non-concave due to the presence of the latent variable. Hence, this approach mostly boils down to using search heuristics like the EM algorithm for parameter estimation. Recently, it was shown that topic models can be learned with strong algorithmic and statistical guarantees through Pearson's method of moments. Here, we extend this line of work to topic models that feature discrete as well as continuous observable variables (features). Moving beyond discrete variables as in LDA allows for more sophisticated features and a natural extension of topic models to other modalities than text, like, for instance, images. We provide algorithmic and statistical guarantees for the method of moments applied to the extended topic model that we corroborate experimentally on synthetic data. We also demonstrate the applicability of our model on real-world document data with embedded images that we preprocess into continuous state-of-the-art feature vectors.
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Yip, Arthur H. C., Jeremy J. Michalek et Kate S. Whitefoot. « Implications of Competitor Representation on Optimal Design ». Dans ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98114.
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Abstract We investigate the effect of competitor product representation on optimal design results in profit-maximization studies. Specifically, we study the implications of replacing a large set of product alternatives available in the marketplace with a reduced set of selected competitors or with composite alternatives, as is common in the literature. We derive first-order optimality conditions and show that optimal design (but not price) is independent of competitors under the logit and nested logit models (where preference coefficients are homogeneous), but optimal design results may depend on competitor representation in latent class and mixed logit models (where preference coefficients are heterogeneous). In a case study of automotive powertrain design using mixed logit demand, we find some change in the optimal acceleration performance value when competitors are modeled using a small set of alternatives rather than the larger set. The magnitude of this change depends on the specific form and parameters of the cost and demand functions assumed, ranging from 0% to 3% in our case study. We find that the magnitude of the change in optimal design variables induced by competitor representation in our case study increases with the heterogeneity of preference coefficients across consumers and changes with the curvature of the cost function.
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Ando, Fumio, Yasuji Ido et Tsuneo Oginuma. « Simulation of Leakage Behavior on Bolted Flanged Connections in Elevated Temperature Service ». Dans ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61083.
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Many leakage troubles were reported in petroleum and petrochemical refineries for bolted flanged connections in elevated temperature service due to the effect of differential thermal expansion in flanges, bolts, gasket, and so on as an assembly. The leakages were found especially in shut down condition for petroleum refineries and chemical plants, even if the weather seal (rain cover) was installed to prevent the flange assembly from rapid cooling by wind or rain. On the other hand, the leakage mechanism of the bolted flanged connections with weather seal under the condition of wind flow is not still clearly understood. Therefore, the leakage behavior on bolted flanged connections is investigated using the latest computerized fluid dynamics (CFD) and the structural thermal analysis with nonlinear material properties in flange and gasket (FEM: Finite Element Method). The actual environmental effect such as wind is modeled by CFD, and the plasticity is also taken into account by the nonlinear material properties in flange and gasket by FEM. The case studies are performed for 6”, 12” and 18” for Class 2,500 with ring joint gasket. In addition, the two temperature and pressure cycles including first start-up, normal operation, shut-down, and the consequent start-up, normal operation, emergency shut-down conditions are considered. Thus, the leakage phenomena are able to evaluate, and the guideline is proposed for maintenance.
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Radwan, Ahmed E., et Souvik Sen. « Stress Path Analysis of the Depleted Middle Miocene Clastic Reservoirs in the Badri Field, Gulf of Suez Rift Basin, Egypt ». Dans SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205900-ms.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reservoir geomechanics and stress path values of the depleted Miocene sandstone reservoirs of the Badri field, Gulf of Suez Basin, in order to understand the production-induced normal faulting potential in these depleted reservoirs. We interpreted the magnitudes of pore pressure (PP), vertical stress (Sv), and minimum horizontal stress (Shmin) of the syn-rift and post-rift sedimentary sequences encountered in the studied field, as well as we validated the geomechanical characteristics with subsurface measurements (i.e. leak-off test (LOT), and modular dynamic tests) (MDT). Stress path (ΔPP/ΔShmin) was modeled considering a pore pressure-horizontal stress coupling in an uniaxial compaction environment. Due to prolonged production, The Middle Miocene Hammam Faraun (HF) and Kareem reservoirs have been depleted by 950-1000 PSI and 1070-1200 PSI, respectively, with current 0.27-0.30 PSI/feet PP gradients as interpreted from initial and latest downhole measurements. Following the poroelastic approach, reduction in Shmin is assessed and reservoir stress paths values of 0.54 and 0.59 are inferred in the HF and Kareem sandstones, respectively. As a result, the current rate of depletion for both Miocene reservoirs indicates that reservoir conditions are stable in terms of production-induced normal faulting. Although future production years should be paid more attention. Accelerated depletion rate could have compelled the reservoirs stress path values to the critical level, resulting in depletion-induced reservoir instability. The operator could benefit from stress path analysis in future planning of infill well drilling and production rate optimization without causing reservoir damage or instability.
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Mateer, R., S. A. Scott, I. Owen et M. D. White. « Superstructure Aerodynamics of the Type 26 Global Combat Ship ». Dans 14th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition. IMarEST, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.038.
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The Type 26 City class Global Combat Ship is the latest design of UK frigate. Construction of the first ship, HMS Glasgow, began in July 2017 and the expectation is that it will enter service in the mid-2020s as a replacement for the Royal Navy’s Type 23 Duke class frigates. The main contractor for the design and construction of the ship is BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships. The Type 26 superstructure is characterised by its smooth sloping surfaces that are continuous along the ship from the fore deck to the flight deck. The tumblehome design reduces the ship’s radar cross-section, as does the minimisation of curved surfaces and internal corners. The Type 26 also has a bulky mast, also with flat sloping sides, while the funnel casing around the gas turbine exhaust uptake is located aft of the main mast and relatively low on the superstructure. In comparison, the earlier Type 23 has a much more fragmented superstructure with few geometric features for reduced radar reflection; it also has a more slender mast from which the anemometers are mounted, and the exhaust uptakes are higher. Overall the aerodynamics of the stealthy Type 26 frigate will be very different to the previous Type 23, and this will affect the operational envelope of the ship’s helicopters. Recognising the importance of superstructure aerodynamics to the ship design, the University of Liverpool has been working closely with colleagues from BAE to ensure that the air flow over the ship was considered as the superstructure design evolved. The paper will describe how, within the design cycle, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been used to analyse the unsteady flow over the full-scale ship. It will show how CFD, together with helicopter flight dynamics modelling, was used to inform design options for the superstructure geometry ahead of the landing deck. CFD was also used to inform options for locating the ship’s anemometers and has been used to predict the dispersion of the ship’s engine exhaust gases and the air temperature distribution in the vicinity of the flight deck.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Modelli a Classi Latenti"
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Harris, Jeffrey, et Sandra Sosa-Rubi. Impact of "Seguro Popular" on Prenatal Visits in Mexico, 2002-2005 : Latent Class Model of Count Data with a Discrete Endogenous Variable. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, mai 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14995.
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Oviedo, Daniel, Yisseth Scorcia et Lynn Scholl. Ride-hailing and (dis)Advantage : Perspectives from Users and Non-users. Inter-American Development Bank, septembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003656.
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The introduction of ride-hailing in cities of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) remains a relatively new topic in regional research and a contentious issue in local policy and practice. Evidence regarding users and how do they differ from non-users is scarce, and there is little documented evidence about how user preferences and perceptions may influence the uptake of ride-hailing. This paper uses primary data from a survey collected from users and non-users of ride-hailing in Bogotá during 2019 to develop a Latent Class Analysis Model (LCA) to identify clusters of users and non-users of ride-hailing. The paper builds on results from the LCA to reflect on conditions of advantage and disadvantage that may make ride-hailing attractive and beneficial for particular social groups. The paper identifies four unique clusters: Carless middle-income ride-hailing users, Disadvantaged non-users, Young middle-class non-users, and Advantaged ride-hailing users. The research uses data on such perceptions to draw insights that may inform commercial and policy decisions. Findings suggest that issues such as the perception of legality in ride-hailing and aversion to crime play a significant role in the choice of such a mode in the context of Bogotá, particularly among socially and transport advantaged users.
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Tokarieva, Anastasiia V., Nataliia P. Volkova, Inesa V. Harkusha et Vladimir N. Soloviev. Educational digital games : models and implementation. [б. в.], septembre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3242.
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Nowadays, social media, ICT, mobile technologies and applications are increasingly used as tools for communication, interaction, building up social skills and unique learning environments. One of the latest trends observed in education is an attempt to streamline the learning process by applying educational digital games. Despite numerous research data, that confirms the positive effects of digital games, their integration into formal educational contexts is still relatively low. The purpose of this article is to analyze, discuss and conclude what is necessary to start using games as an instructional tool in formal education. In order to achieve this aim, a complex of qualitative research methods, including semi-structured expert interviews was applied. As the result, the potential of educational digital games to give a unique and safe learning environment with a wide spectrum of build-in assistive features, be efficient in specific training contexts, help memorize studied material and incorporate different learning styles, as well as to be individually adaptable, was determined. At the same time, the need for complex approach affecting the administration, IT departments, educators, students, parents, a strong skill set and a wide spectrum of different roles and tasks a teacher carries out in a digital game-based learning class were outlined. In conclusion and as a vector for further research, the organization of Education Design Laboratory as an integral part of a contemporary educational institution was proposed.
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Mazzoni, Silvia, Nicholas Gregor, Linda Al Atik, Yousef Bozorgnia, David Welch et Gregory Deierlein. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis and Selecting and Scaling of Ground-Motion Records (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zjdn7385.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 3 (WG3), Task 3.1: Selecting and Scaling Ground-motion records. The objective of Task 3.1 is to provide suites of ground motions to be used by other working groups (WGs), especially Working Group 5: Analytical Modeling (WG5) for Simulation Studies. The ground motions used in the numerical simulations are intended to represent seismic hazard at the building site. The seismic hazard is dependent on the location of the site relative to seismic sources, the characteristics of the seismic sources in the region and the local soil conditions at the site. To achieve a proper representation of hazard across the State of California, ten sites were selected, and a site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) was performed at each of these sites for both a soft soil (Vs30 = 270 m/sec) and a stiff soil (Vs30=760 m/sec). The PSHA used the UCERF3 seismic source model, which represents the latest seismic source model adopted by the USGS [2013] and NGA-West2 ground-motion models. The PSHA was carried out for structural periods ranging from 0.01 to 10 sec. At each site and soil class, the results from the PSHA—hazard curves, hazard deaggregation, and uniform-hazard spectra (UHS)—were extracted for a series of ten return periods, prescribed by WG5 and WG6, ranging from 15.5–2500 years. For each case (site, soil class, and return period), the UHS was used as the target spectrum for selection and modification of a suite of ground motions. Additionally, another set of target spectra based on “Conditional Spectra” (CS), which are more realistic than UHS, was developed [Baker and Lee 2018]. The Conditional Spectra are defined by the median (Conditional Mean Spectrum) and a period-dependent variance. A suite of at least 40 record pairs (horizontal) were selected and modified for each return period and target-spectrum type. Thus, for each ground-motion suite, 40 or more record pairs were selected using the deaggregation of the hazard, resulting in more than 200 record pairs per target-spectrum type at each site. The suites contained more than 40 records in case some were rejected by the modelers due to secondary characteristics; however, none were rejected, and the complete set was used. For the case of UHS as the target spectrum, the selected motions were modified (scaled) such that the average of the median spectrum (RotD50) [Boore 2010] of the ground-motion pairs follow the target spectrum closely within the period range of interest to the analysts. In communications with WG5 researchers, for ground-motion (time histories, or time series) selection and modification, a period range between 0.01–2.0 sec was selected for this specific application for the project. The duration metrics and pulse characteristics of the records were also used in the final selection of ground motions. The damping ratio for the PSHA and ground-motion target spectra was set to 5%, which is standard practice in engineering applications. For the cases where the CS was used as the target spectrum, the ground-motion suites were selected and scaled using a modified version of the conditional spectrum ground-motion selection tool (CS-GMS tool) developed by Baker and Lee [2018]. This tool selects and scales a suite of ground motions to meet both the median and the user-defined variability. This variability is defined by the relationship developed by Baker and Jayaram [2008]. The computation of CS requires a structural period for the conditional model. In collaboration with WG5 researchers, a conditioning period of 0.25 sec was selected as a representative of the fundamental mode of vibration of the buildings of interest in this study. Working Group 5 carried out a sensitivity analysis of using other conditioning periods, and the results and discussion of selection of conditioning period are reported in Section 4 of the WG5 PEER report entitled Technical Background Report for Structural Analysis and Performance Assessment. The WG3.1 report presents a summary of the selected sites, the seismic-source characterization model, and the ground-motion characterization model used in the PSHA, followed by selection and modification of suites of ground motions. The Record Sequence Number (RSN) and the associated scale factors are tabulated in the Appendices of this report, and the actual time-series files can be downloaded from the PEER Ground-motion database Portal (https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu/)(link is external).