Thèses sur le sujet « Modèles d'états »
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Bréhélin, Laurent. « Modèles de Markov cachés et apprentissage pas fusions d'états : algorithmes, applications, utilisations pour le test de circuits intégrés ». Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20051.
Texte intégralBogaerts, Philippe. « Contribution à la modélisation mathématique pour la simulation et l'observation d'états des bioprocédés ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211915.
Texte intégralLes modèles mathématiques sont nécessaires pour la synthèse des deux types d'outils envisagés dans ce travail (simulateurs et capteurs logiciels). Les modèles utilisés consistent en les bilans massiques des constituants apparaissant dans le schéma réactionnel, ce dernier contenant les réactions essentielles pour la description des phénomènes à l'échelle macroscopique. Au sein de ces bilans massiques, une nouvelle structure générale de modèle cinétique est proposée, possédant un certain nombre de propriétés intéressantes, telles l'interprétation physique des paramètres cinétiques, les concentrations définies positives sous certaines conditions, la garantie de stabilité entrées bornées - états bornés, ou encore la possibilité de linéarisation en les paramètres à estimer.
Une méthodologie générale d'estimation paramétrique est proposée, afin d'identifier les coefficients pseudo-stoechiométriques, les coefficients cinétiques et certains paramètres expérimentaux (concentrations initiales des cultures). Cette méthodologie possède un caractère systématique, prend en compte les erreurs de mesure sur l'ensemble des signaux (y compris à l'instant initial), fournit à l'utilisateur la covariance des erreurs d'estimation paramétrique, prend en compte intrinsèquement les contraintes de signe sur les paramètres, fournit une estimation des erreurs de simulation, permet de réduire le nombre d'équations différentielles au sein du modèle, etc. La mise en oeuvre et l'intérêt de ces outils sont illustrés en simulation (cultures bactériennes) et dans le cas d'une application réelle (cultures de cellules animales CHO).
La première catégorie d'observateurs d'états étudiée dans ce travail est celle des observateurs utilisant pleinement le modèle cinétique. L'observation d'états basée sur l'identification des conditions initiales les plus vraisemblables est plus particulièrement analysée. Elle consiste à estimer en temps continu l'entièreté de l'état par intégration d'un modèle de simulation au départ des conditions initiales les plus vraisemblables. Ces dernières sont identifiées à chaque nouvel instant de mesure sur la base de toute l'information disponible jusqu'à cet instant. Certaines propriétés mathématiques sont étudiées (dont une comparaison avec le filtre de Kalman) et un certain nombre d'extensions de la méthode sont proposées (dont une version récurrente qui ne nécessite plus de résoudre un problème d'optimisation non linéaire à chaque nouvel instant de mesure). Ces outils sont à nouveau illustrés dans le cadre des cultures de cellules animales CHO, et se basent sur les modèles de simulation développés dans la première partie du travail.
Étant donné les risques de divergence des observateurs de cette première catégorie lorsque la qualité du modèle cinétique n'est pas suffisante, une seconde catégorie est envisagée, constituée des observateurs utilisant partiellement le modèle cinétique. Dans ce contexte, un nouvelle technique est proposée consistant en un observateur hybride entre le filtre de Kalman étendu (utilisant pleinement le modèle cinétique) et l'observateur asymptotique de Bastin et Dochain (n'utilisant pas du tout le modèle cinétique). Cette structure estime (conjointement avec l'état du système) un degré de confiance en le modèle cinétique. Elle est capable d'évoluer de façon progressive, en fonction de ce degré de confiance, entre les deux solutions extrêmes (filtre de Kalman et observateur asymptotique), tirant ainsi parti des avantages respectifs de ces deux méthodes selon les conditions opératoires et la qualité du modèle cinétique. Ces outils sont validés sur des cultures bactériennes simulées.
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Courtial, Estelle. « Commande prédictive et estimation d'état de systèmes non linéaires ». Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10093.
Texte intégralKalantari, Saman. « Introduction de fonctionnalités de changements d'états topologiques dans le formalisme de modélisation et de simulation CORDIS-ANIMA ». Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENS004.
Texte intégralL'auteur n'a pas fourni de résumé en anglais
Nakkar, Osman. « Modélisation espace d'états de la dynamique des séries temporelles : traitement automatique des données du marché du cuivre ». Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON10027.
Texte intégralThe state space model and the kalman filter which are originally used in applied automatic, were used recently in econometrics to model the time series and to estimate the linear models with variables coefficients. Firstly, we present the state space model and the kalman filtre; then we discuss about the problems associated with the identification and estimation of that model. We propose to this end the combination of the two methods of e. M. Algorithm and hankel matrix factorization. To model the non stationary time series, we propose the utilization of a var model with variable coefficients. These later are estimated by the kalman filter. We also use a state space model estimated in two steps. This model is based on the calssical idea of decomposition of a non stationary serie into tendentiously component and accidental or cyclic component. The empiric application in the copper markt show up the practical advantage of state space model for the forecast and its ability to detect the dynamic interactions between the various variables witch intervene in the model with the help of its transfer function
Karam, Margot. « Génération de test de circuits intégrés fondée sur des modèles fonctionnels ». Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00339935.
Texte intégralEl, Assoudi Abdellatif. « Observation et commande des systèmes mécaniques ». Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10039.
Texte intégralDucrozet, Guillaume. « Modélisation des processus non-linéaires de génération et de propagation d'états de mer par une approche spectrale ». Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00263596.
Texte intégralUn traitement original de la génération de houle non-linéaire est proposé. Il permet l'accès à des simulations de champs de vagues tridimensionnels complexes, fortement cambrés, dans un bassin de houle. Diverses comparaisons avec des expériences menées dans le bassin du Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de l'ECN sont présentées.
Des simulations océaniques, en milieu ouvert, sont également proposées. Un intérêt particulier est porté à l'étude de l'apparition des vagues scélérates au sein de l'océan. L'importance des effets non-linéaires est pointée ainsi que l'aptitude de la méthode à modéliser de tels phénomènes. Des comparaisons avec les méthodes classiquement employées dans ce genre de problématique indiquent l'intérêt de l'approche utilisée ici.
La résolution du problème de tenue à la mer est également envisagée. L'utilisation de la méthode HOS dans les codes couplés, développés au Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides (potentiel, RANS, SPH), est envisagée. Elle permettra la description précise de la houle incidente ; le couplage est mis en place et validé sur un certain nombre de cas d'application.
Ben, Amor Selwa. « Observation et commande de systèmes non linéaires temps-discret ». Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10124.
Texte intégralStojanovic, Alexandre. « Sur la distribution limite des valeurs propres dans des matrices aléatoires ». Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077184.
Texte intégralChorot, Thierry. « Modélisation commande et observation des systèmes mécaniques hamiltoniens : application à un pont roulant ». Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10200.
Texte intégralLuong, Hong-Viet. « Construction Incrémentale de Spécifications de Systèmes Critiques intégrant des Procédures de Vérification ». Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00527631.
Texte intégralAit, Yahia Ali. « Réduction de modèles d'état de systèmes thermiques ». Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENPC9819.
Texte intégralCheng, Qi. « Contribution à l'estimation d'état dans des modèles non linéaires ». Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112076.
Texte intégralThis thesis is devoted to state estimation in models nonlinear. In the first part of this dissertation, we treat the linear and the nonlinear models in a unified framework corresponding to three different directions: the least squares approach, the Bayesian approach and the information theoretic approach. Then, we present the principle of the particle filter. The particle filter can be regarded as an approximation of the recursive Bayesian filter. The performance of the particle filter depends heavily on the choice of the importance distribution. The most popular choice is to use the transition prior function and it leads to the bootstrap filter. Then we introduce two new nonlinear filtering algorithms to improve the performances of the particle filter. In the first algorithm, we propose a method of sampling in which each particle produces sub-particles and we choose the sub-particle whose likelihood is maximum. When the variance of the state noise is large, this method outperforms the classic particle filter. In the second algorithm, we introduce an auxiliary model and we use an unscented Kalman filter with this auxiliary model to generate the importance distribution in the particle filter. When the variance of observation noise is small, this method outperforms the particle filters
Bonnet, Olivier. « Le modèle Kelsenien d'état de droit fonctionnel ». Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131005.
Texte intégralKettani, Omar. « Modèles du calcul sans changement d'état : quelques développements et résultats ». Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX24005.
Texte intégralTuring machine takes his information in a box marked between severl others. Taking informationat once on parts of two contiguous boxes makes state desappear from algorithm. Correspondent information is else noted in each contiguous part of the two boxes. It becomes so necessary to employ large set of symbols. Here is proved equivalence of such machines with turing machines. Author imagines now parallel machines in whic a plenty of contiguous boxes can be marked simultaneously, and the travelling of marks scan part of box all at once. He applie it to several classical problems. In marking at once two contiguous boxes, it is possible to take at once half part of the first and half part of the second one, third part of the first and two thrid part of the second one, and so on. On the bound, at the utmost shift, it rests two values in common, and in this case author proves again equivalence of such machine with turing machine he proves so existence of an unviersal machine and establishes relation with cellular automata
Srinivasarengan, Krishnan. « Estimation d'état, estimation paramétrique et identifiabilité des modèles quasi-LPV ». Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0059/document.
Texte intégralTwo problems relevant to the model-based approaches to fault diagnosis and degradation estimation in commissioned buildings are investigated in this thesis: adaptive observers for state and parameter estimation, and parameter identifiability. The system models considered are the quasi-LPV models with affine parameterization. Using the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) polytopic approach, two observer designs, one for continuous-time models and another for discrete-time models are provided. Both models use a Luenberger structure for the state estimation part and deploy the Lyapunov design approach. An innovative non-linear estimation model is obtained through the design process for the continuous-time parameter estimation whereas a proportional-integral (PI) structure is used for discrete-time. A brief third contribution is a decoupled state and parameter estimation that makes use of the parity-space approach and realized using a finite memory observer strategy. For the fourth contribution of parameter identifiability, a parity-space formulation using null-space computation is used for the elimination of states of the model from which the exhaustive summary of the model is extracted and the identifiability of the model verified. All the results are illustrated using examples
Srinivasarengan, Krishnan. « Estimation d'état, estimation paramétrique et identifiabilité des modèles quasi-LPV ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0059.
Texte intégralTwo problems relevant to the model-based approaches to fault diagnosis and degradation estimation in commissioned buildings are investigated in this thesis: adaptive observers for state and parameter estimation, and parameter identifiability. The system models considered are the quasi-LPV models with affine parameterization. Using the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) polytopic approach, two observer designs, one for continuous-time models and another for discrete-time models are provided. Both models use a Luenberger structure for the state estimation part and deploy the Lyapunov design approach. An innovative non-linear estimation model is obtained through the design process for the continuous-time parameter estimation whereas a proportional-integral (PI) structure is used for discrete-time. A brief third contribution is a decoupled state and parameter estimation that makes use of the parity-space approach and realized using a finite memory observer strategy. For the fourth contribution of parameter identifiability, a parity-space formulation using null-space computation is used for the elimination of states of the model from which the exhaustive summary of the model is extracted and the identifiability of the model verified. All the results are illustrated using examples
Tine, Houari. « Notion d'état et modèle à objets : réflexion et contribution ». Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0120.
Texte intégralThe static aspects of entities are satisfactory described in standards. Object oriented languages, but the dynamic ones are very limited. For this, actors, views, roles, etc. Have been considered. In this spirit; the state (abstract) notion has been considered, but it is faced to some conceptual and practical problems: inheritance anomaly, bad encapsulation and limited reuse. This work introduces the type anomaly to prove that the multiplicity of interfaces in object-oriented state approach is a lure. This work enter in the context of sequential-object-oriented languages strongly typed in order to built a language (extension of C++) based on the state notion and to resolve the relevant problems. The state concept and the related notions are introduced. The state is at the same level that the classes and it is called a state-class. A set of state-classes are bound to class, called a class with states, through a new relation, the state relation. The semantic of the class with states is given by a statechart. The method signature and the type notion are extended to take into account the change of state. A successor state is indicated in the head of the method. The type of an object with states is a couple, a dynamic type and a static type. The problem is to merge the state notion with the standard notions of the object paradigm: polymorphism, over load, override, etc. But the main difficulty is the inheritance between object with states; on the one hand, we have the inheritance relation and the state relation; in the other hand we have the transitions (become) between the state-classes. These questions are studied precisely, and some solutions are given. The resultant rules preserve the substitutability. Other relation, the version relation weaker than the state relation, is introduced to allow more expressiveness, but without the substitutability. The result of this work is a new language with a central notion, the state notion and can be used to code any dynamic model
Paquette, Simon. « Évaluation symbolique de systèmes probabilistes à espace d'états continu ». Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22827/22827.pdf.
Texte intégralPhan, Thanh-Liêm. « Développement incrémental de spécifications d'architectures en UML intégrant des procédures de vérification ». Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20267/document.
Texte intégralUML is becoming a de facto standard, including for development of dependable systems. However, current tools offer little help to take benefit of proposed models and to verify them, especially during development phases. This thesis focuses on supporting construction of UML architectures of reactive systems. It aims at developing a theoretic and pragmatic framework to implement the incremental approach. The framework provides tools to verify the coherenceof architectures during the modelling phase. Architectures are modelled by UML diagram of composite structures while primitive components are represented by a combination of state machine diagram and activity diagram. This work provides a means to verify in one hand if a new architecture is a refinement, an extension or an increment of those defined in the previous steps, and in another hand, if a component is compatible with an environment or if it is substitutableby another.In order to analyse UML architectures, we must give them a formal semantics. We associated primitive components with LTS (Labelled Transition Systems) which led us to define a procedure for automatic transformation of state machines and activities diagrams into LTS. We associated composite components with LTS by transforming a diagram of composite structure into Exp.Open specification, then by generating LTS fusion with the toolbox CADP. We have implemented verification techniques of conformance relations on LTS such as the preorders: refinement, extension, and increment. We also defined and implemented compatibility relation and substitutability relation. All these incremental construction techniques are positioned along two axes. The vertical axis represents the level of bstraction.The development of an architecture following this axis in two directions: i) refinement techniques in the downward direction and ii) abstraction techniques in the upward direction. The horizontal axis represents the coverage level of requirements. The development of architectures can be realized following this axis in two directions : i) extension direction and ii) restrictiondirection.This work has been carried out in theory and practice : it has led to the development of a dedicated tool for incremental construction of UML models, called IDCM (Incremental Development of Conforming Models), grouping the transformation of models and the implementation of a set of incremental relations. This has been validated on various case studies
Matignon, Denis. « Représentations en variables d'état de modèles de guides d'ondes avec dérivation fractionnaire ». Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112332.
Texte intégralSaad, Olfa. « Comportement à très basses énergies de la densité d'états intégrée ». Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA132032.
Texte intégral[Résuma anglais] On Rd, we consider the Anderson model unbounded from below with single site smooth potential. We establish precise asymptotics at low energies ( ? → - ∞) for the integrated density of states of this operator. Under some conditions on the probability distribution of the random variables, we obtain complete asymptotic expansion. The leading term represents the probability that the infinum of the spectrum of the operator with single site potential is below ,. In this regime, the density of states does not feel the tunneling between the different sites i. E. It behaves like as if the Anderson modelis the direct sum of many i. I. D. Copies of operators with single site potential. The precision of our asymptotics allows us to study the evolution of the terms carrying the interaction between differents sites when the decay of the tail of distribution of the random potential increases. In other words, the transition from the classical to quantum asymptotics
Kamdem, Simo Freddy. « Model-based federation of systems of modelling ». Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2374.
Texte intégralThe engineering of complex systems and systems of systems often leads to complex modelling activities (MA). Some challenges exhibited by MA are: understanding the context where they are carried out and their impacts on the lifecycles of models they produce, and ultimately providing a support for mastering them. How to address these challenges with a formal approach is the central challenge of this thesis. In this thesis, after discussing the related works from systems engineering in general and the co-engineering of the system to be made (product) and the system for make (project) systems specifically, we position and develop a methodology named MODEF, that aims to master the operation of MA. MODEF consists in: (1) characterizing MA as a system (and more globally as a federation of systems) in its own right; (2) iteratively architecting this system through: the modelling of the conceptual content of the models produced by MA and their life cycles, the tasks carried out within MA and their effects on these life cycles; (3) specifying the expectations over these life cycles and; (4) analysing models (of MA) against expectations (and possibly tasks constraints) - to check how far expectations are achievable - via the synthesis of the acceptable behaviours. On a practical perspective, the exploitation of the results of the analysis allows figuring out what could happen with the modelling tasks and their impacts on the whole state of models they handle. We show on two case studies (the operation of a supermarket and the modelling of the functional coverage of a system) how this exploitation provides insightful data on how the system is end-to-end operated and how it can behave. Based on this information, it is possible to take some preventive or corrective actions on how the MA are carried out. On the foundational perspective, the formal semantics of three kinds of involved models and the expectations formalism are first discussed. Then the analysis and exploitation algorithms are presented. Finally this approach is roughly compared with model checking and systems synthesis approaches. Last but not least, two enablers whose first objectives are to ease the implementation of MODEF are presented. The first one is a modular implementation of MODEF's buildings blocks. The second one is a federated architecture (FA) of models which aims to ease working with formal models in practice. Despite the fact that FA is formalised within the abstract framework of category theory, an attempt to bridge the gap between abstraction and implementation is sketched via some basic data structures and base algorithms. Several perspectives related to the different components of MODEF conclude this work
Schreck, Cédric. « Modélisation statistique des transferts thermo-aérauliques dans les bâtiments ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chambéry, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CHAMA019.
Texte intégralThe building must adapt to face future climatic conditions, particularly more frequent, longer, and more intense heatwaves. To ensure the thermal comfort of occupants, natural cooling through window opening constitutes a bioclimatic solution that is carbon-free and energy-free. However, its potential to reduce the need for air conditioning depends on the value of the outdoor air change rate. A reliable estimation of this air change rate could promote the consideration of the benefits provided by natural cooling for new construction, for renovation, or for smart control of openings.The objective of this doctoral research is to develop an in-situ diagnostic method for the air change rate through window opening, in occupied buildings, based on non-intrusive instrumentation. To this end, we implement the tracer gas method, based on the metabolic CO2 production by the occupant. A statistical resolution approach, involving a Kalman filter, has been recently introduced in the literature.We investigate the potential and limitations of such a method through the execution of an experimental campaign in a test residential building. In parallel, we develop a building energy simulation model of the case study, providing a digital test bench for the development of statistical models. A new statistical model formulation is proposed and tested. Finally, once the diagnostics for different window configurations are completed, we calibrate a predictive model of the air change rate, proposing an original approach to account for the impact of wind direction
Kanso, Bilal. « Modélisation et validation des systèmes à base d'états ». Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00659305.
Texte intégralLópez, Estrada Francisco Ronay. « Model-based fault diagnosis observer design for descriptor LPV system with unmeasurable gain scheduling ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0162.
Texte intégralThis work is dedicated to the synthesis of model-Based fault detection and isolation (FDI) techniques based on observers for nonlinear systems modeled as Descriptor-Linear Parameter Varying (D-LPV) systems. D-LPV systems are a particular class of systems that can represent (or approximate in some degree of accuracy), complex nonlinear systems by a set of linear local models blended through convex parameter-Dependent scheduling functions. The global D-LPV System can describe both time-Varying and nonlinear behavior. Nevertheless, in many applications the time-Varying parameters in the scheduling functions could be unmeasurable. Models which depend on unmeasurable scheduling functions cover a wide class of nonlinear systems compared to models with measurable scheduling functions, but the design of control schemes for D-LPV systems with unmeasurable scheduling functions are more difficult than those with a measurable one, because the design of such control schemes involve the estimation of the scheduling vector. This topic is addressed in this work by considering the following main targets: • to design FDI in D-LPV systems based on -H∞ observers in order to guarantee robustness against disturbances and errors due the unmeasurable gain scheduling functions • to extend the proposed -H∞ methods to perform state estimation and fault detection, isolation and fault magnitude estimation in the case of sensor faults • to guarantee the best trade-Off between fault sensitivity and disturbance rejection by developing H_/H∞ fault detection observers for D-LPV systems. The thesis is organized as follows Chapter 1 is dedicated to provide a general introduction, the objectives and contribution of this work.Chapter 2 is organized in order to provide the minimum necessary elements to describe the representation, modeling, properties, analysis, and observer design of D-LPV systems. Chapter 2 is also dedicated to a detailed review of the state of the art. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the development of three different methods to design fault detection observers for D-LPV systems based on H∞ theory. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to an example, for sensor fault detection and isolation by means of an observer bank, in order to compare the performance of each method. Chapter 4 is dedicated to the design of a FDI method based on observers with H_/H∞ performance. Based on the H_/H∞ approach, which considers the best trade-Off between fault sensitivity and robustness to disturbance, adequate LMIs are obtained to guarantee sufficient conditions for the design problem. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques, an example is considered
Quagliaro, Laurence. « Une nouvelle méthode pour l'analyse quantitative de la sûreté de fonctionnement des systèmes : la méthode des graphes fictifs ». Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD657.
Texte intégralBoukerrou, Hamid. « Design of New Finite State Dynamical Systems Admitting a Matrix Representation : Application to Cryptography ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0069.
Texte intégralThe considerable growth of information and communication technologies, in the current context of the digital revolution and the Internet of Things, requires the strengthening of data and system security. In this context, cryptography plays an important role.Finite State Machines (FSM) are elementary building blocks commonly used in symmetric cryptography, in particular for Stream Ciphering. These mathematical objects are also commonly used in automation to describe discrete systems. These models are at the heart of the work that has been conducted.Since the beginning of the 90's, the literature has reported various architectures for building symmetric self-synchronizing stream ciphers (SSSC). But all the proposed ciphers have revealed flaws justifying the need for new architectures. In this thesis, new self-synchronizing cryptographic primitives, based on flat Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) finite state machines, have been proposed. The motivation of this class of systems was underlined from the point of view of security and synchronization performances. After an analysis of a Single Input Single Output (SISO) architecture, the justification for extensions to Multi Inputs Multi Ouputs structures with either deterministic or statistical synchronization delay has been given.Mainly two notions of control theory have been developed to perform the synthesis of automata: flatness and structural analysis. Proofs of concepts illustrate the benefits of these new architectures with respect to the state of the art
Mestrah, Ali. « Identification de modèles sous forme de représentation d'état pour les systèmes à sortie binaire ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMC255.
Texte intégralThis thesis focuses on parametric modeling of invariant linear systems from binary output measurements. This identification problem is addressed via the use ofsubspace methods. These methods allow the estimation of state-space models, an added benefit of these methods being the fact that their implementation doesnot require the prior knowledge of the order of the system. These methods are initially adapted to high resolution data processing, the objective of this thesis istherefore their adaptation to the identification using binary measurements. In this thesis we propose three subspace methods. Convergence properties of two ofthem are established. Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to show the good performance, but also limits, of these methods
Bara, Gabriela Iuliana. « Estimation d'état des systèmes linéaires à paramètres variants ». Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL591N.
Texte intégralHocine, Abdelfettah. « Estimation d'état et diagnostic de systèmes à commutation par filtrage multi-modèle ». Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00135049.
Texte intégralHocine, Abdelfettah. « Estimation d'état et diagnostic de systèmes à commutation par filtrage multi-modèle ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPL093N.
Texte intégralIn this thesis, a fault detection method is developed for switching dynamic systems. These systems are represented by several linear models, each of them being associated to a particular operating mode. The proposed method is based on mode probabilities with the aim of finding the system operating mode and estimating the state. The method also uses a priori knowledge information about the mode transition probabilities represented by a Markov chain. This kind of model offers an ideal framework to the application of the multiple model estimation methods. The interest to use this type of estimators lies in the fact that in addition to the state estimation, the multiple model estimators get the probability activation of each model. These probabilities can be used for fault detection purpose. However, several improvements were made to this type of estimators in order to increasing the performances of the diagnosis
Ramasso, Emmanuel. « Reconnaissance de séquences d'états par le Modèle des Croyances Transférables. Application à l'analyse de vidéos d'athlétisme ». Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260770.
Texte intégralBoimond, Jean-Louis. « Commande à modèle interne en représentation d'état. : Problèmes de synthèse d'algorithme de commande ». Lyon, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAL0102.
Texte intégral[The works presented in this thesis concern the Internal Model Control (I. M. C. ). The first part presents the main properties of this structure which combines the advantages of open-loop scheme (the controller is an approximate inverse of the model) and closed-loop structure (ability to cope with modelling errors and unmeasured disturbances). A comparison with the conventional closed-loop is briefly presented. In the second part, an asymptotic precision criterion is introduced; The conditions that are to be verified by the blocks of the I. M. C. , for zeroing the asymptotic error between the output and a polynomial input, are settled down. The controller is interpreted as an approximate inverse of the model. In discrete time, the use of F. I. R. (Finite Impulse Response) forms permits the synthesis of a stable and realisable controller. The third part deals with the problem of the model inversion in discrete time and in state space. It allows us to consider some vary linear or non-linear models, which are linear versus the control variable. The controller is decomposed in two parts: the first one generates the control variable in terms of model state and the reference objective, the second one generates the prediction of the reference signal. Asymptotic accuracy is guaranteed for reference inputs that are polynomial, with a given order, versus time. The last part presents the synthesis of an I. M. C. Based on the use of the above controller. The robustness filter becomes a predictor of the error between plant and model outputs, the dynamic of which is tuned according to the knowledge of the plant-model mismatch. Two approaches have been proposed to built in this filter. The first one uses the same technique as for the reference predictor. In the other, the usual notion of filtering is replaced by a measure of the prediction quality. ]
Viel, Frédéric. « Stabilité des systèmes non linéaires contrôlés par retour d'état estimé. Application aux réacteurs de polymérisation et aux colonnes à distiller ». Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES017.
Texte intégralFlórez-Valencia, Leonardo. « Modèle d'état de cylindre généralisé et la quantification de sténoses artérielles en imagerie 3D ». Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0038/these.pdf.
Texte intégralIn this thesis, we are interested in the use of a generalized cylinder state model for semi-automatic analysis of three-dimensional vascular images. This model is used on two levels: for image segmentation and quantification of the stenosis degree. The model is introduced in a vessel tracking strategy based on the Kalman state estimator, associated with the segmentation of plane contours by the level sets algorithm known as ``fast marching''. The interpretation of the model as a continuous geometrical object grants access to the analytical formulas used for stenosis quantification such as diameters and transversal areas. The algorithm was evaluated on a basis of 6 physical phantoms imaged in computed tomography angiography and in magnetic resonance angiography
Raissi, Tarek. « Méthodes ensemblistes pour l'estimation d'état et de paramètres ». Paris 12, 2004. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002154520204611&vid=upec.
Texte intégralThis work is dedicated to the development and the application of set-membership methods for state and parameter estimation for non-linear systems. A complex interval arithmetics using polar forms is developed where multiplication and division operations are exact but no longer addition and subtraction. This new polar interval arithmetic toolbox is associated with set inversion and used for parameter estimation in the bounded error context. For the dielectric and thermal analyses of materials. The second part of this work deals with set membership state and parameter estimation for non-linear systems described by ODEs. A new state estimator based on a predictor/corrector approach similar to the Kalman ditering. Is given. This estimator relies on guaranteed numerical integration techniques and set inversion. Hurthermore. A moving horizon state estimator is proposed. Finally. A parameter estimation technique is suggested for systems described by ODEs
Akhbari, Mahsa. « Analyse des intervalles ECG inter- et intra-battement sur des modèles d'espace d'état et de Markov cachés ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT026.
Texte intégralCardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of mortality in humans. One way to diagnose heart diseases and abnormalities is processing of cardiac signals such as ECG. In many of these processes, inter-beat and intra-beat features of ECG signal must be extracted. These features include peak, onset and offset of ECG waves, meaningful intervals and segments that can be defined for ECG signal. ECG fiducial point (FP) extraction refers to identifying the location of the peak as well as the onset and offset of the P-wave, QRS complex and T-wave which convey clinically useful information. However, the precise segmentation of each ECG beat is a difficult task, even for experienced cardiologists.In this thesis, we use a Bayesian framework based on the McSharry ECG dynamical model for ECG FP extraction. Since this framework is based on the morphology of ECG waves, it can be useful for ECG segmentation and interval analysis. In order to consider the time sequential property of ECG signal, we also use the Markovian approach and hidden Markov models (HMM). In brief in this thesis, we use dynamic model (Kalman filter), sequential model (HMM) and their combination (switching Kalman filter (SKF)). We propose three Kalman-based methods, an HMM-based method and a SKF-based method. We use the proposed methods for ECG FP extraction and ECG interval analysis. Kalman-based methods are also used for ECG denoising, T-wave alternans (TWA) detection and fetal ECG R-peak detection.To evaluate the performance of proposed methods for ECG FP extraction, we use the "Physionet QT database", and a "Swine ECG database" that include ECG signal annotations by physicians. For ECG denoising, we use the "MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm", "MIT-BIH Arrhythmia" and "MIT-BIH noise stress test" databases. "TWA Challenge 2008 database" is used for TWA detection and finally, "Physionet Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2013 database" is used for R-peak detection of fetal ECG. In ECG FP extraction, the performance of the proposed methods are evaluated in terms of mean, standard deviation and root mean square of error. We also calculate the Sensitivity for methods. For ECG denoising, we compare methods in their obtained SNR improvement
Pastor, Jilian. « Détermination de l'équation d'état de la matière nucléaire dans des modèles relativistes non linéaires : résultats et applications ». Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12856.
Texte intégralDautin, Sophie. « Réduction de modèles thermiques de bâtiments : amélioration des techniques par modélisation des sollicitations météorologiques ». Poitiers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997POIT2326.
Texte intégralHo, Thi Thu Suong. « Développement d'une nouvelle équation d'état applicable aux solutions d'électrolytes ». Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EPXX0006.
Texte intégralTendeng, Léna. « Etude de modèles de transmission de la Schistosomiase : Analyse mathématique, reconstruction des variables d'état et estimation des paramètres ». Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843687.
Texte intégralTendeng, Ndéye Léna. « Étude de modèles de transmission de la Schistosomiase : analyse mathématique, reconstruction des variables d'état et estimation des paramètres ». Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0110/document.
Texte intégralThe aim oh this thesis is the mathematical analysis and the estimation of the parameters of some metapopulation models for bilharzia transmission. We explain how the metapopulation models are built and give a full analysis of their stability. We compute the basic reproduction number R0. We show that if R0 is less than 1 then the Disease Free Equilibrium(DFE) is globally asymptotically stable. In case R0 is higher than 1, we prove the existence and the uniqueness of an endemic equilibrium which is globally asymptotically stable. At last,we suggest methods for the estimation of the states and the parameters for models. We build a numerical observer using the Moving Horizon State Estimation(MHSE) and an analitic one by the High Gain observer method. Applications of thes methods will be done on the Macdonald transmission model of bilharzia
Tendeng, Ndéye Léna. « Étude de modèles de transmission de la Schistosomiase : analyse mathématique, reconstruction des variables d'état et estimation des paramètres ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0110.
Texte intégralThe aim oh this thesis is the mathematical analysis and the estimation of the parameters of some metapopulation models for bilharzia transmission. We explain how the metapopulation models are built and give a full analysis of their stability. We compute the basic reproduction number R0. We show that if R0 is less than 1 then the Disease Free Equilibrium(DFE) is globally asymptotically stable. In case R0 is higher than 1, we prove the existence and the uniqueness of an endemic equilibrium which is globally asymptotically stable. At last,we suggest methods for the estimation of the states and the parameters for models. We build a numerical observer using the Moving Horizon State Estimation(MHSE) and an analitic one by the High Gain observer method. Applications of thes methods will be done on the Macdonald transmission model of bilharzia
Dimster, Sylvie. « Aide informatique à la modélisation de systèmes non linéaires dans l'espace d'état ». Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10025.
Texte intégralBel, Liliane. « Sur la réduction des modèles linéaires : analyse de données en automatique ». Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112306.
Texte intégralTwo state space model reduction methods are studied: aggregation method and the balanced state space representation method. In the case of aggregation a new method of selecting eigenvalues is proposed, which is both geometrical and sequential. Problems of robustness of aggregation are evoked and resolved in some particular cases. The balanced state space representation is approached by means of contralibility and observability degrees. The notion of perturbability degree is introduced. Then we study the application of those two methods to reduced order compensator design. The two methods are finally applied to the system representing the launch booster Ariane flying
Petiet, Florence. « Réseau bayésien dynamique hybride : application à la modélisation de la fiabilité de systèmes à espaces d'états discrets ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2014/document.
Texte intégralReliability analysis is an integral part of system design and operation, especially for systems running critical applications. Recent works have shown the interest of using Bayesian Networks in the field of reliability, for modeling the degradation of a system. The Graphical Duration Models are a specific case of Bayesian Networks, which make it possible to overcome the Markovian property of dynamic Bayesian Networks. They adapt to systems whose sojourn-time in each state is not necessarily exponentially distributed, which is the case for most industrial applications. Previous works, however, have shown limitations in these models in terms of storage capacity and computing time, due to the discrete nature of the sojourn time variable. A solution might be to allow the sojourn time variable to be continuous. According to expert opinion, sojourn time variables follow a Weibull distribution in many systems. The goal of this thesis is to integrate sojour time variables following a Weibull distribution in a Graphical Duration Model by proposing a new approach. After a presentation of the Bayesian networks, and more particularly graphical duration models, and their limitations, this report focus on presenting the new model allowing the modeling of the degradation process. This new model is called Weibull Hybrid Graphical Duration Model. An original algorithm allowing inference in such a network has been deployed. Various so built databases allowed to learn on one hand a Graphical Duration Model, and on an other hand a Graphical Duration Model Hybrid - Weibull, in order to compare them, in term of learning quality, of inference quality, of compute time, and of storage space
Ngassaki, Athanase. « Pour un nouveau modèle de gestion du secteur public marchand au Congo : l'exemple des entreprises d'état ». Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090006.
Texte intégralIn spite of its inefficiency, the cornerstone of the country's economic policy. More efficiency would be an indispensable source of national wealth. As a matter of fact, to make it a kingpin in a country short of private investors, it is necessary to run it under new criteria. Its efficiency will depend on the one hand upon the value added principles, on the other upon its use in the country, namely the main factors of production. Those factors depend on a new management pattern capable of guaranteeing the global productivity of the firm and the partial production of each of them. Finally, the new management pattern dealt with in this thesis, shows the management criteria and the functional strategies, the targets, the development plans, the setting of a concertation mechanism without throwing spanners into the works, the works, the permanent control of the productice
N'zi, Yoboué Guillaume. « Élaboration d'une plate-forme de calculs numériques d'un modèle d'état à la base d'une approche phénoménologique : cas d'un four rotatif de clinker ». Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30553/30553.pdf.
Texte intégralThis study develops a mathematical platform going from the establishment of a knowledge database to the setting up of an adaptive model. This has required a new approach of modeling of the clinker rotary kiln (CRK). Thus, a state model of distributed parameter systems, based on physico-chemical phenomena, was designed using partial differential equations. The model structure is based on three state variables which are: the gas, clinker temperatures and the clinker mass distributions, and are elaborated with the help of heat, pressure and mass balance equations. The model parameters are defined by the functions of three state variables. Moreover, the resulting state model, decomposed into five phenomenological zones of CRK, is used as a first step to define a set of Operating Functions (OFs). These OFs has also been decomposed into longitudinal distribution of CRK to replace the constant, unknown or unmeasured parameters. We develop an identification procedure based on phenomenological and dimensional analysis where the identification of operational functions (model parameters) was performed from a stationary state of the CRK. Once the restores state variables have been evaluated, the desired input (which is treated as the control of the CRK) can be more easily found by the proposed model than by simple trial and error. Moreover, the fact that the computation time, to estimate-calibrate the OFs above-mentioned, is very short, then this dynamic computation works faster than real-time. In summary, the cooperation and coordination in real-time between industrial computers and the CRK allows for an adaptable model, where each specific set of the OFs must be analyzed by its accuracy.