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1
Mehfooz, Musferah. « Religious Freedom in Pakistan : A Case Study of Religious Minorities ». Religions 12, no 1 (13 janvier 2021) : 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12010051.
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The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a multi-racial and multi-religious nation, with Muslims being in the majority. Its 1973 Constitution guarantees religious freedom to all religious minorities, including Christians, Hindus, and Sikhs. This is mainly because Islam itself ensures religious freedom to the whole of humanity. Unfortunately, some Muslim clerics seem to be attempting to deny religious freedom to other faiths in Pakistan. Their opposition to the plurality of faith contradicts Islamic principles. This research paper identifies such Islamic principles and examines the undesirability of the mistreatment of religious minorities in Pakistan, focusing on the arguments for and against religious freedom in Pakistan on the one hand, and the religious rights and freedoms of non-Muslim minorities from an Islamic perspective on the other. The methodology applied in this discussion is critical analysis. The conclusion drawn is that both the Constitution of Pakistan and Islam guarantee religious freedom to the country’s religious minorities. Finally, this study suggests some practical mechanisms to reconcile the different religious groups in Pakistan.
2
Lang, Graeme. « Book Review : China’s Minorities on the Move : Selected Case Studies ». China Information 18, no 3 (novembre 2004) : 510–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x0401800315.
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Henrard, Kristin. « EU Law’s Half-Hearted Protection of Religious Minorities Minority Specific Rights and Freedom of Religion for All ». Religions 12, no 10 (2 octobre 2021) : 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12100830.
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This article begins with some reflections on the definition of religious minorities, their needs and rights and how this relates to the discussion about the need for minority specific rights in addition to general fundamental rights as rights for all human beings irrespective of particular identity features. Secondly, an overall account of the ambiguous relationship between religious minorities and fundamental rights is presented. The third and most extensive section zooms in on the EU and religious minorities, starting with an account of the EU’s general approach towards minorities and then turning to the protection of fundamental rights of religious minorities in/through the EU legal order. First, the EU’s engagement with minority specific rights and the extent to which these norms have been attentive to religious themes will be discussed. Second, the CJEU’s case law concerning freedom of religion and the prohibition of dis-crimination as general human rights is analysed. The conclusion then turns to the overall perspective and discusses whether the EU’s protection of religious minorities’ fundamental rights can be considered ‘half-hearted’ and, if so, to what extent. This in turn allows us to return to the overall focus of the Special Issue, namely the relationship between the freedom of religion for all and special rights for religious minorities.
4
Zenner, Walter P. « Middleman Minorities in the Syrian Mosaic ». Sociological Perspectives 30, no 4 (octobre 1987) : 400–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389211.
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In this article, an aspect of the “middleman minority” situation will be explored: How do individuals of different minorities interact when they are competing within a single social field. The case that will be used here is that of the competition of Christians and Jews in Late Ottoman Syria for certain positions attached to the government and for key roles in international trade. Image management in the present instance includes stigmatization of one's rivals. The implications of this case for other studies of minorities is considered.
5
Ruiz Vieytez, Eduardo J. « Protecting Linguistic and Religious Minorities : Looking for Synergies among Legal Instruments ». Religions 12, no 9 (31 août 2021) : 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12090706.
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Language and religion are two main cultural markers of collective identities and articulating factors at play in the majority-minority game. However, from a legal and political point of view, language and religion work very differently as factors for determining minorities. This is due, on the one hand, to their different connection with public bodies and, on the other hand, to the different role played by the two identity markers, more substantive in the case of religion and more instrumental in the case of language. Different forms of protection of linguistic and religious diversity and minorities have been developed so far. The two fields of protection have evolved separately and there has hardly been any dialogue between them. This article aims to analyze whether and how the usual forms of protection of linguistic diversity and linguistic minorities can be useful for the management of religious-based diversity or minorities. In this respect, linguistic diversity management draws more inspiration from religious diversity management techniques than the reverse. Nevertheless, a number of techniques that have been applied to the linguistic diversity protection may also play a potential role for the protection of religious diversity, opening the door to further synergies among legal instruments.
6
Csáji, László Koppány. « Secularism and Ethnic Minorities : Comparative Case Studies on Ethnic, Religious, and Political Cognitions in Pakistani-Controlled Kashmir, Central Russia, Romania, and Northern Scandinavia ». Religions 14, no 1 (13 janvier 2023) : 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14010117.
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According to my study, “political secularism” means the separation of political power from religious institutions, while “social secularism” is a theory and endeavor to eliminate religiosity from not only public but also private life, considering it an obsolete way of thinking. I examine four case studies based on my ethnological fieldwork in Hunza (in the Pakistani-controlled Kashmir), the Middle Ural (Russia), Transylvania (Romania), and Sápmi (northern Scandinavia). I outline and compare ethnic minorities (Hunzakuts, Tatars, Szeklers, Samis) according to their historical background, contemporary social environment, relation to the majority, their political endeavors, and the role of religion(s) among them. Based on my fieldwork notes, interviews, and sociological data, I analyze the similarities and differences of ethnic complexity, terminological confusions, problems of “lived religion,” and the impact of social and political secularism. Since their religiosity differs from the majorities’ ones, I found that secularism has a complex role and reception. Political secularism is essential for defending these minorities from assimilation, but most of these minorities reject social secularism since religion is part of their multifunctional ethnic discourse space. Religiosity is part of their survival strategy. Notwithstanding, ethnic minorities’ religious institutions participate in political activity and propagate their claims for self-governance.
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Peek, Monica E., Algernon Cargill et Elbert S. Huang. « Diabetes Health Disparities ». Medical Care Research and Review 64, no 5_suppl (octobre 2007) : 101S—156S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077558707305409.
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Racial and ethnic minorities bear a disproportionate burden of the diabetes epidemic; they have higher prevalence rates, worse diabetes control, and higher rates of complications. This article reviews the effectiveness of health care interventions at improving health outcomes and/or reducing diabetes health disparities among racial/ethnic minorities with diabetes. Forty-two studies met inclusion criteria. On average, these health care interventions improved the quality of care for racial/ethnic minorities, improved health outcomes (such as diabetes control and reduced diabetes complications), and possibly reduced health disparities in quality of care. There is evidence supporting the use of interventions that target patients (primarily through culturally tailored programs), providers (especially through one-on-one feedback and education), and health systems (particularly with nurse case managers and nurse clinicians). More research is needed in the areas of racial/ethnic minorities other than African Americans and Latinos, health disparity reductions, long-term diabetes-related outcomes, and the sustainability of health care interventions over time.
8
Liedgren, Pernilla. « Minorities with different values at school – the case of Jehovah’s Witnesses ». British Journal of Religious Education 40, no 1 (6 mai 2016) : 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01416200.2016.1150253.
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Monnot, Christophe, et Solange Lefebvre. « Religious Minorities and Struggle for Recognition ». Social Inclusion 8, no 3 (20 août 2020) : 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v8i3.3542.
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Religious minorities are increasingly present in the public sphere. Often pointed out as a problem, we argue here that the establishment of these minorities in Western societies is happening through struggles for recognition. Communities or individuals belonging to different minorities are seeking recognition from the society in which they are living. In Section 1, we present, briefly, our perspective, which differs from the analyses generally presented in the sociology of religion in that it adopts a bottom-up perspective. In Section 2, we present and discuss articles dealing with case studies in the cities of Barcelona, Geneva, and Montreal. In Section 3, we discuss two articles that present a process of individualization of claims for recognition. Finally, we present an article that discusses the case of an unrecognized minority in the Turkish school system.
10
An, Byeongchan, Robert Bushman, Anya Kleymenova et Rimmy E. Tomy. « Social Externalities of Bank Enforcement Actions : The Case of Minority Lending ». Finance and Economics Discussion Series, no 2022-036 (juin 2022) : 1–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2022.036.
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This paper studies the role banking supervision plays in improving access to credit for minorities by investigating how enforcement decisions and orders (EDOs) affect the bank borrower base. We find that, after an EDO’s termination, banks significantly increase residential mortgage lending to minorities, even when the enforcement order is not issued for violations of fair lending laws. Our findings suggest that improvements in banks’ internal credit assessment and compliance due to the enforcement process are associated with the expansion in lending to minority borrowers. Our findings highlight the indirect social benefits of bank enforcement and supervision.
11
An, Byeongchan, Robert Bushman, Anya Kleymenova et Rimmy E. Tomy. « Social Externalities of Bank Enforcement Actions : The Case of Minority Lending ». Finance and Economics Discussion Series, no 2022-036 (juin 2022) : 1–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2022.036.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper studies the role banking supervision plays in improving access to credit for minorities by investigating how enforcement decisions and orders (EDOs) affect the bank borrower base. We find that, after an EDO’s termination, banks significantly increase residential mortgage lending to minorities, even when the enforcement order is not issued for violations of fair lending laws. Our findings suggest that improvements in banks’ internal credit assessment and compliance due to the enforcement process are associated with the expansion in lending to minority borrowers. Our findings highlight the indirect social benefits of bank enforcement and supervision.
12
Tayob, Abdulkader. « Minorities Between State and Sharia Discourses in African Muslim Societies ». Islamic Africa 13, no 2 (20 décembre 2022) : 133–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21540993-01302002.
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Abstract This essay proposes a framework for understanding the construction of religious groups and minorities in Muslim societies through two intersecting and inter-related discourses. The first is a discourse and experience of modern state formation with roots in Africa’s colonial history. And the second is a discourse of the Other in Islamic jurisprudence and theology. It builds on Talal Asad’s thesis that a modern state discourse of secular authority does not preclude religious symbols that shape religious minorities. However, the essay goes beyond Asad by showing that Muslim reformist groups also articulate a religious discourse on minorities and religious groups. The essay argues that a discursive construction of Muslim religious minorities and groups occurs through contemporary state and Islamic reformist discourses. The article presents Egypt and Nigeria as case studies to illustrate this construction.
13
Bantimaroudis, Philemon. « Media Framing of Religious Minorities in Greece : The Case of the Protestants ». Journal of Media and Religion 6, no 3 (30 août 2007) : 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15348420701530130.
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Buchanan, Nina K., et Robert A. Fox. « Case Studies ofEmerging Ethnocentric Charter Schools in Hawai'i ». education policy analysis archives 11 (23 février 2003) : 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v11n8.2003.
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The fast growing charter school movement may be impeded if charter schools are perceived as a vehicle for stratifying, segregating, and balkanizing an already ethnically, socio-economically divided population. This article defines ethnocentric schools and describes three Native Hawai'ian charter schools. While they are very different in curricula and in emphasis on the Hawai'ian language and other features, they all have strong community support and a high degree of parental involvement and have access to funds available only for Native Hawai'ian programs. It may be easy to support the expenditure of public funds for ethnocentric charter schools in areas like Hawai'i where ethnic minorities have traditionally been underserved. The issues raised in this study may have broader implications for the evolution of American public education. The question is not what criteria to apply to distinguish schools of "good" choice from schools of "bad" choice. In final analysis we must ask, are schools of choice truly schools of choice, or not?
15
Todorov, Antony, et Anna Krasteva. « Ethnic minorities and political representation : The case of Bulgaria ». Southeastern Europe 35, no 1 (2011) : 8–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633311x545661.
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AbstractThe political representation of minority groups in Bulgaria is analyzed from three perspectives. The first relates to political socialization: the mechanisms of minority political preference, and their materialization into political behavior, mostly during elections or through party membership. The second relates to political actors' conduct towards minorities: their attitudes toward minority identities and the significance of minority representation in their practice. The third perspective relates to the institutional framework that politically regulates minority status. This third perspective raises questions of minimum representation, and the legal formalization of minority political parties. Bulgarian ethnic politics is analyzed regarding both the ethnic factors in constructing the political scene and the political factors in structuring the ethnic model. The present article questions the applicability of the distinction between the 'politics of ideas' and the 'politics of identities' to Southeastern Europe in general, and to Bulgaria in particular. This theoretical question is addressed through two empirical comparative analyses: the similarities and divergences of the minority management model in the Bulgarian Constitution and the one applied in the political practice, and the differences between minority representation in Bulgaria and in neighboring countries such as Romania.
16
Neo, Jaclyn L. « Religious Minorities in Asia : Between the Scylla of Minority Protection and Charybdis of Religious Freedom Rights ? » Religions 12, no 10 (14 octobre 2021) : 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12100881.
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This article examines the intersection of religious freedom and minority protection within the Asian context. It argues that, to the extent that a focus on minority protection draws greater attention to the collective and communitarian dimensions of religious practice, it has the potential to enrich the discourse on religious freedom protection. I identify three areas of possible convergence—first, where a minority-focused regime leads to a richer understanding of the intersections between culture, language, and religion; secondly, where a focus on minority protection leads to positive measures by the state to protect religious minorities; and thirdly, where a minority regime founds a right of religious minorities to political participation. Nonetheless, I will also point out that there are limits to minority protection. It may even be a double-edged sword, as it serves to reify differences with the rest of society and risks permanently marginalizing the group as a minority. This could be the case even if there are institutional designs, formal or informal, to provide for religious minorities’ political participation.
17
Beaman, Lori G. « Church, State and the Legal Interpretation of Polygamy in Canada ». Nova Religio 8, no 1 (1 juillet 2004) : 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2004.8.1.20.
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Using the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Canada as an example, I argue that religious minorities who are deemed to be harmful to society are controlled through law, either directly by legislation, through judicial application of legislation, or, more insidiously, through the discursive practices of government agents such as immigration officials. Both the legal controls imposed and the types of resistance or compliance offered by religious minorities shift and change over time. Definitions of religious freedom also shift and change over time. While the primary focus of this article is a case study of the Latter-day Saints and polygamy, it is prescient of other contemporary issues of social control of religious minorities. In these post-September 11 times, there has been a shift in rhetoric from nation-building to nation-preservation. Polygamy still plays a role in the construction of citizenship in Canada through the filtering of immigrants, but current social, political and economic circumstances differ from those the Latter-day Saints faced in the 1800s.
18
Davin, Delia. « China's Minorities on the Move : Selected Case Studies. Robyn Iredale , Naran Bilik , Fei Guo ». China Journal 53 (janvier 2005) : 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20065999.
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Wang, Jiayi, et Gerard A. Postiglione. « China’s minorities without written scripts ». Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 18, no 2 (31 juillet 2008) : 166–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.18.2.04pos.
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The Chinese state sees language as an essential determinant in ethnic minority schooling. The use of minority language as a medium of instruction is viewed as a way to increase attendance rates and strengthen socialization into a national ideology. However, the policies differ for those ethnic miorities with or without a commonly used written script. Among the minorities without a script are the 300,000 strong Dongxiang, an ethnic group with the lowest level of literacy and school access in China. There is virtually no systematic research on the role of language in school access for Chinese minority groups without a written script. In particular, there is a lack of analysis of the Dongxiang (and similar groups without a written script) learning and school discontinuation. This research aimed to identity the major difficulties in school based learning for the Dongxiang speaking children. Specifically, it explores local perspectives on how language and other factors are related to school enrolment and achievement. In order to accomplish this, the research combined a variety of data gathering methods, including survey questionnaires, open ended interviews, in-depth interviews, field visits, observations, and case studies to analyze the difficulties of language transition faced by Dongxiang ethnic minority children. The results reveal that although native language does not directly cause schoolchildren to discontinue their studies, it has an important indirect influence, especially on the girls. The research results also show that Dongxiang ethnic minority schoolchildren in the early years of schooling generally cannot understand their teachers’ Chinese teaching, which results in poor school performances, a decline of interest in learning, a frustrated sense of achievement, and a decline in self-respect. Many students drop out as part of a vicious cycle that sees a reproduction of poor conditions for learning.
20
Schulz, Dorothea E. « Studying Muslim Minorities in Subsaharan Africa : Preliminary Remarks ». Islamic Africa 12, no 2 (20 mai 2022) : 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21540993-01202008.
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Abstract The introduction to the special issue on Muslim minorities in Subsaharan Africa argues that a focus on the circumstances and challenges faced by them opens up productive lines of inquiry into forms of religious coexistence and plurality, in Subsaharan Africa and elsewhere. Starting from a conceptual reflection on different forms of religious plurality, the article enters a plea for more a sustained reflection on the effects of state regulation of religious coexistence and how it is lived in everyday life. To this effect, the introduction invites readers to take the different case studies of the special issue as a way to assess and compare the genealogies and legacies of state regimes of religious governance in Subsaharan Africa.
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Gilliat-Ray, Sophie. « Muslim Minorities in the West ». American Journal of Islam and Society 20, no 3-4 (1 octobre 2003) : 196–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v20i3-4.1839.
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The Muslim diaspora, which has become established as a significant areaof publishing in the past 2 to 3 decades, is being charted by a number ofbooks and journals. This edited collection is a valuable addition to the literature,although specialists in the field will notice some degree of overlapwith existing sources.The book is divided into three sections exploring the Muslim experiencein America (seven chapters), Europe (three chapters covering France,Germany, and Norway), and areas of European settlement (five chapterscovering Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and the Caribbean). Thebest way to view this book is to consider it a series of case studies examininghow Muslims in different contexts have moved from being temporary and peripheral individual sojourners to being, within their adoptedsocieties, generally well-established communities that have largely overcometheir internal differences and external structural barriers in order tobe publicly recognized as a part of multicultural and multi faith communitiesand societies. Many of the contributors believe that Muslim minoritiesare growing, dynamic, confident, and demographically "young" in most oftheir new societies, and that wherever they have established themselves,they have sustained their presence and thrived, sometimes in the face ofextreme hostility.This case study character has advantages and disadvantages. On theone hand, this reviewer found it extremely valuable to learn more aboutthe experience of some very specific minority groups, such as Sahelians inFrance, who are usually ignored and overshadowed in the literature by theoverwhelming Algerian-Moroccan presence in France. Likewise, with relativelylittle academic material available on Muslims in New Zealand, forexample, this book fills many of the academic gaps in the literature. Thefirst-hand accounts from previously unpublished sources were similarlyvaluable, and the chapter on establishing the Islamic Party in NorthAmerica constitutes an important documentary record. On the other hand,some chapters went over well-established ground, such as Turks inGermany. Specialists on Muslim minorities will find that some chaptersrepeat already well-known data and profiles oflslam in these contexts ...
22
Côté, Pauline. « RULE OF LAW AND RELIGIOUS MINORITIES : A CASE STUDY OF JEHOVAH'S WITNESSES ». Review of Faith & ; International Affairs 5, no 3 (septembre 2007) : 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15570274.2007.9523297.
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Sibley, D. « Persistence or Change ? Conflicting Interpretations of Peripheral Minorities ». Environment and Planning D : Society and Space 4, no 1 (mars 1986) : 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d040057.
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In studies of the relationship between peripheral ethnic minority groups and the larger society in industrialised societies, it is commonly assumed that the minority is in the process of assimilation or is becoming economically dependent, A number of theoretical arguments on the nature of change are reviewed. The case of Gypsy communities in Europe and North America is used to demonstrate the inappropriateness of theories that predict a transformation of the minority group's culture—a picture of continuity and persistence appears more reasonable in the light of historical and fieldwork evidence.
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Kaushik, Archana. « Social Exclusion Among Sexual Minorities : A Case of HIV-Positive Homosexuals ». Journal of Social Inclusion Studies 6, no 2 (décembre 2020) : 164–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2394481121996081.
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Sexual minorities are one of the most vulnerable and marginalised groups in the society. Sero-positivity accentuates social exclusion among the sexual minorities. The article aims to appraise the factors that make Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) vulnerable to HIV infection and lead to their social exclusion. Qualitative in nature and based on fifteen in-depth case studies of HIV-infected MSM, the study is located in Delhi, India. Findings show that variables such as age, child sexual abuse, marital status and multiple sex partners, contribute to vulnerabilities of respondents. Sociocultural milieu puts structural barriers, restricting integration of MSM in the society. Culture of silence over sexual matters, notions of proving ‘manhood’ through aggression and sexual violence are some of the factors that hamper healthy behaviours and relationships among the MSM. At the interpersonal level, possessiveness, betrayal, infidelity, heartbreak, strong emotional whirlpool when love–relations go incongruent, all take a heavy toll of their mental and physical health. These variables socially exclude the sexual minorities from the mainstream life. Findings reflect both positive (disclosing to family, abstinence, spiritual growth) and negative (suicide attempts, drug use) ways of coping among the MSM respondents. Critical areas of concern for service providers while planning interventions for social inclusion and empowerment of people with sexual minority are delineated.
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King, Charles. « Minorities policy in the post‐Soviet republics : The case of the Gagauzi ». Ethnic and Racial Studies 20, no 4 (octobre 1997) : 738–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870.1997.9993987.
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Hemetek, Ursula. « Applied Ethnomusicology in the Process of the Political Recognition of a Minority : A Case Study of the Austrian Roma ». Yearbook for Traditional Music 38 (2006) : 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0740155800011656.
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Applied ethnomusicology has a special relevance for studies on music and minorities. What constitutes this relevance in particular cases was the focus of a plenary panel discussion at the 38th World Conference of the ICTM in Sheffield in 2005, which explored cultural, social, political, and economic issues pertinent to the musical life of minority groups within the context of a larger (majority) society. Panel participants addressed the topic from the perspective of their individual research fields and the different minority groups they have worked with: Adelaida Reyes provided the example of refugee camps, Stephen Wild of the Rom ceremony of Australian Aborigines, and John O'Connell of a Song for Peace by a Kurdish singer. The aim was to contribute to discourses on applied ethnomusicology in the light of theoretical and methodological insights gained through studies of music and minorities.
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Kingsbury, Damien. « Post-colonial states, ethnic minorities and separatist conflicts : case studies from Southeast and South Asia ». Ethnic and Racial Studies 34, no 5 (mai 2011) : 762–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2010.537357.
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Saha, Anamik. « The Politics of Race in Cultural Distribution : Addressing Inequalities in British Asian Theatre ». Cultural Sociology 11, no 3 (13 juillet 2017) : 302–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975517708899.
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This article has two aims. Firstly, it challenges the assumption in both policy and media studies of race that increasing the number of minorities in the media will automatically lead to more diverse content. Secondly, it highlights how cultural distribution is a critical, yet under-researched, moment for racialised minorities working in the arts. Using a case study on ‘British Asian theatre’, the article problematises a particular cultural policy approach that emphasises the need to attract ‘new audiences’. While the emphasis on bringing marginalised audiences to the arts is welcome, this article argues that attempts to address racial inequalities in production and consumption in this way, reinforce rather than dismantle them.
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Kühl, Jørgen. « The Making of Borders and Minorities ». European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online 19, no 1 (29 juin 2022) : 49–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116117_004.
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Abstract The Peace Treaties of Versailles and Saint German of 1919 provided for a number of plebiscites to be held to determine Germany’s borders with Denmark, Poland and France and Austria’s borders with the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (eventually Yugoslavia). Plebiscites under international supervision were held in Schleswig (1920), Upper Silesia (1920), Allenstein and Marienwerder (1920), Carinthia/Kärnten (1920), and the Saar region (1935). A public consultation was made in the case of the districts of Eupen and Malmedy as well in 1920 regarding the border between Belgium and Germany. Although most of Western Hungary was awarded to Austria in 1919, Hungarian insurrection eventually led to a plebiscite in the Sopron/Ödenburg region as well in 1921. Three of these borders based on self-determination through referenda (Schleswig, Burgenland and Carinthia) still exist. This contribution presents the plebiscites and shows the creation of minorities and the impact of the minority situations. It offers a comparative analysis of history’s impact on contemporary minority-majority relations in the new border regions.
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Smith, Kenny. « "You've Been Wonderful Neighbors" : Key Factors in the Successful Integration of a Wiccan Coven into a Suburban Community in the Southeastern United States ». Nova Religio 12, no 1 (1 août 2008) : 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2008.12.1.103.
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In May 2000 the House of Oak Spring (HOS), a Wiccan group, purchased eighteen acres of forested land and a home in a typical suburban Atlanta neighborhood, with the goal of establishing a covenstead. While residents of the suburb initially reacted with considerable fear and hostility, they soon came to accept and even appreciate their Wiccan neighbors. This essay seeks to explain the successful integration of HOS into the larger community in terms of the benefits the community enjoys as a result of the presence of HOS. The case of HOS suggests that similar dynamics may have informed the successful integration of other religious minorities in different communities.
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Hicks, M. A. « Between Majorities : the ‘Beauchamp Interregnum’, 1439–491 ». Historical Research 72, no 177 (1 février 1999) : 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2281.00071.
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Abstract This article questions the current orthodoxy that the hegemony of the earls of Warwick in the West Midlands collapsed during the minorities of Duke Henry and his daughter Anne in 1439–49 (the Beauchamp Interregnum) and was never successfully reconstructed. Using inquisitions post mortem and other chance surviving records, it demonstrates that the estate remained intact and was run throughout by the duke himself and the custodians and feoffees of his parents. There was no Beauchamp Interregnum. It is also a case study that suggests minorities to be much less disruptive than is commonly thought.
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Trompf, Garry W. « Ethno-Religious Minorities in the Near East : Some Macrohistorical Reflections with Special Reference to the Zazas ». IRAN and the CAUCASUS 17, no 3 (2013) : 321–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573384x-20130306.
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The historical study of ethnic and religious minorities in the Near East presents as an endless task for years ahead. This paper offers a tour d’horizon of key minority issues from ca. 1300 B.C. to the present while plotting the way minorities―whether defeated, put under serious constraint, tolerated or marginalised―have been conceptualised in the historical record. Looking at history this way opens up the richness and importance of ‘minority studies’, and allows for reflection on the history of interpretations of the ‘suppressed other’ over the centuries. The contribution approaches Zaza ethno-religiosity as a brief test case.
33
Kook, Rebecca. « Representation, minorities and electoral reform : the case of the Palestinian minority in Israel ». Ethnic and Racial Studies 40, no 12 (février 2017) : 2039–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2017.1277027.
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Morozova, E. A. « POLITICIZATION OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE EU : REGIONAL DIMENSION ». Вестник Пермского университета. Политология 16, no 3 (2022) : 112–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-3-112-125.
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As a rule, the dominant research strategy of the ethnicity politicization factors includes case-study analysis or comparison of small number of cases. There are no cross-regional comparative studies. In this paper, a statistical analysis is carried out to determine the degree of influence of various factors on the ethnic minorities’ politicization in the regions of the EU countries. It is proposed to understand the ethnic minorities politicization as a presence and an electoral success of ethnic parties in the regions. 113 ethnic minorities living in the regions of 16 countries of the European Union were selected for the analysis by the methods of logistic and linear regression. The research found that the share of ethnic minority in the population of a region, the historical past of ethnic minorities, the size of their area of residence and the degree of separation have positive influence on the politicization. However, it was not possible to identify a positive influence of the religious character of the ethnic minority and the level of its economic well-being on politicization.
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Tam, Truong Phan Chau. « Religious Conversion of the Ethnic Minorities in the South of Vietnam ». Tattva - Journal of Philosophy 8, no 1 (1 janvier 2016) : 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12726/tjp.15.3.
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Religious conversion is a phenomenon that has frequently occurred in human history. As part of religious life, religious conversion reflects fluctuations and changes in social existence, especially changes in the economic, cultural, social, religious factors and one‟s own subjective religious convictions. Religious conversions are taking place in the ethnic communities in Southern Vietnam, but in a context that is space and time specific. So the process of evolution, the nature, dynamics and characteristics of the case of religious conversion here is different and unique. Currently, the study of religious conversion in Vietnam in general and the South in particular, is modest. There have not been many studies regarding case specific religious conversion of people and no studies have done a full assessment of the nature and characteristics of religious conversion on social life in Southern Vietnam as well as forecasted the evolution and impact of the same. This article is intended to present and describe three cases of religious conversion in the south of Vietnam. These are the conversion to Protestantism of ethnic communities Khmer (originating from Cambodia)
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Kanellopoulos, A., K. Dionysopoulou, X. Antoniou, E. Marini et G. Nikolaidis. « Helping Abused Children from Various Minorities in the Greek Context ». European Psychiatry 41, S1 (avril 2017) : S622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1003.
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IntroductionChildren's abuse and neglect is widely studied as a major risk factor for emotional and behavioural disorders, various somatic and psychiatric problems during adulthood.ObjectiveMental health is fundamental to health. Mental illnesses are real, disabling conditions affecting all populations regardless of race or ethnicity but disparities in mental health services exist for racial and ethnic minorities, and thus, mental illnesses exact a greater toll on their overall health and productivity.AimThe most important aim when working with ethnic minorities is to better understand the roles of culture, race and ethnicity, and overcome obstacles that would keep anyone with mental health problems from seeking or receiving effective treatment.MethodsThe Day Centre “The House of the Child” is a community unit which provides customized clinical mental health services for therapeutic treatment and psychosocial rehabilitation of children victims of abuse, neglect or domestic violence. The Day Centre was founded by the non-profit voluntary organization “THE SMILE OF THE CHILD”. The services are based on the bio-psycho-social model approach and treatment, which aim at early detection, and treatment of possible mental disorders and the overall psychosocial rehabilitation of victims of abuse/neglect and the support of their carers.ResultsBy identifying the many barriers to quality care faced by racial and ethnic minorities, the Day Center provides mental health services also to children who come from minority populations.ConclusionsDifferent case studies highlight challenges and various levels of difficulties in this specific scheme of cooperation aiming to open an interesting dialogue on the topic.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Fortes de Lena, Fernanda. « Setting a research agenda on sexuality and migration in demographic studies : what emerges from the literature review ». Revista Brasileira de Estudos de População 39 (21 novembre 2022) : 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20947/s0102-3098a0222.
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This article systematically reviews articles published from January 2000 to June 2021, that focus on internal migration and sexuality using quantitative methods and data related to demographic research. Therefore, this article aims to map what has been studied and learned so far in demographic research regarding internal migration of sexual minorities. A second objective is to use the development of studies on sexuality and migration in Brazil as a case study for migration and sexuality in the Global South; from this retrospection I intend to identify where these studies have become stifled in the last decades as well as the gaps to fill in order to establish a research agenda.
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De Villiers, Bertus. « Community Government for Cultural Minorities – Thinking beyond “Territory” as a Prerequisite for Self-government ». International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 25, no 4 (20 septembre 2018) : 561–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02503007.
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Decentralisation in its different forms is often associated with territorial governments, be it regional or local governments. There is a close correlation between decentralisation to territorial entities and the protection of minorities that live concentrated in those areas. This article challenges the presumption that decentralisation must by necessity require a territorial element. It is argued that if minorities establish corporate legal entities, various forms of decentralisation could be used to empower language, cultural and religious communities to look after their own affairs. Several case studies are referred to in order to illustrate how in practice non-territorial forms of self-government have been developed. Finally, recommendations are made for establishment of community government in different forms.
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Miichi, Ken, et Yuka Kayane. « The Politics of Religious Pluralism in Indonesia : The Shi'a Response to the Sampang Incidents of 2011–12 ». TRaNS : Trans -Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 8, no 1 (14 octobre 2019) : 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/trn.2019.12.
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AbstractAn increasing number of reports and studies on offenses against religious minorities has been published in Indonesia since the country's democratic transition in 1998. While the literature on intolerance unveils the young democracy's institutional problems which have undermined and eroded minority rights, such as direct elections and the lack of judicial independence, it leaves many critical questions to address. Although the number of victims of religious intolerance increased, in the same institutional settings, a large number of religious minorities has managed to prevent escalating violence and avoid being targeted by intolerant groups. Under what circumstances and how do minorities deter attacks in a time of heightened tension against them under a democratic system that has afforded them little protection? This article sheds light on the case of the Shi'a who suffered a series of attacks in Sampang, Madura in the East Java province, but have since gradually developed resilience. A series of attacks in Sampang in 2011–12 was one of the most destructive events against religious minorities in Indonesia. Examining the Sampang incidents, this article argues that if the religious minority can develop a cohesive network with elements of the majority capable of mobilising state power, it would build a safety net preventing attacks by intolerant groups. Thus, this article aims to develop our understanding of how religious minorities address violence caused by hostile socio-political forces and adapt to Indonesia's democracy.
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HAREL-SHALEV, AYELET. « Lingual and Educational Policy toward “Homeland Minorities” in Deeply Divided Societies : India and Israel as Case Studies ». Politics & ; Policy 37, no 5 (octobre 2009) : 951–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2009.00206.x.
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Mulugeta, Getaye. « The Matrix of Ethnic Federalism in Ethiopia in Protecting Internal Minority Rights : Examining Perceptions in Oromia Regional State ». Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 9, no 1 (25 février 2022) : 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/1050.
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This study aimed to analyze the matrix of ethnic federalism in protecting internal minority rights in Ethiopia via Goba and Robe towns as a case study at Oromia regional state. The post-1990s political formula of Ethiopia was designed considering all ethnolinguistic groups as inhabitants of their own defined territory. It seems that in the architecture of the constitution, there will be ethnic homogeneous states. But, the reality in the ground has shown that none of the units is purely homogenous due to economic migration, (re)settlement, villagization programs, and freedom of movement granted in the constitution. A mixed approach with a cross-sectional survey was used. Questionnaires, interviewees, focused group discussion, and document analyses were used as a primary data. Snowball and purposive sampling were used to select survey respondents. In both town administrations, a kin situation exists; there are constitutional and other legal frameworks gaps, inducing mistrust and tension between minorities and dominant groups, systematic segregation, denying fair and effective representation at levels of government. Therefore, adequately recognizing and legalizing the rights of internal minorities should be the prime duty of the region, establishing particular institutions mandated to protect internal minorities, and government should work on fostering people-to-people integration to reverse the looming mistrust.
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Asibey, Michael Osei, Michael Poku-Boansi et Isaac Osei Adutwum. « Residential segregation of ethnic minorities and sustainable city development. Case of Kumasi, Ghana ». Cities 116 (septembre 2021) : 103297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103297.
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Bozorgmehr, Mehdi. « Internal Ethnicity : Iranians in Los Angeles ». Sociological Perspectives 40, no 3 (septembre 1997) : 387–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389449.
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Case studies of immigrant groups have contributed significantly to theoretical developments in the fields of immigration and ethnic studies. The focus on the immigrant group as a whole has resulted in ignoring immigrant subgroups, reducing ethnicity to national-origin. Ethnically diverse immigrant groups contain more than one type of ethnicity. Internal ethnicity refers to the presence of ethnic groups within an immigrant group. It is argued that, in the destination country, the immigrant subgroups who were already minorities in the country of origin are less assimilated than the immigrant subgroup which was part of the majority population. Survey data collected in a probability sample of Iranians in Los Angeles allow us to address this issue. Ethnicity of the Muslim majority in the United States is compared with that of Armenian, Bahai, and Jewish ethno-religious minorities from Iran. The data analysis supports the argument, and further shows that pre-migration ethnicity is an important and neglected aspect of post-migration ethnicity.
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Avraham, Eli, Gadi Wolfsfeld et Isaam Aburaiya. « Dynamics in the News Coverage of Minorities : The Case of the Arab Citizens of Israel ». Journal of Communication Inquiry 24, no 2 (avril 2000) : 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0196859900024002002.
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Khattab, Nabil. « Ethnicity and higher education : The role of aspirations, expectations and beliefs in overcoming disadvantage ». Ethnicities 18, no 4 (30 mai 2018) : 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796818777545.
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The papers in this issue examine various aspects of ethnic differences in higher education. The first three papers, all of which focus on Britain, attempt to explain the very high motivation behind enrollment in higher and further education by ethnic minority students. These papers argue that investment in higher education is a defiance strategy that is used by ethnic minorities to counterbalance the effect of ethnic penalties. It seems that aspirations are still significant in shaping the educational attainment and are fuelled by the grim structural barriers facing ethnic minorities. The anticipation of labour market discrimination on the one hand, and the belief in the value of education as the main means for social mobility on the other hand, lead ethnic minorities in Britain to over-invest in education. The fourth paper tells a different story, in that immigrant students experience systematic disadvantages throughout their school careers including a much lower enrollment in higher education. These young immigrants hold more negative perceptions towards the value of education, not only in comparison with their Italian counterparts, but it seems also in comparisons with minority young people in Britain. However, in the last paper, the results resemble the British case, in that the second generation students hold higher academic expectations than their non-immigrant origin peers, and that these higher expectations are associated with higher levels of persistence and attainment. The authors here highlight the importance of the theory of immigrant optimism in explaining the between-groups differences. However, this theory does not seem to have strong explanatory power in the Italian case, if anything, perhaps ‘immigrant pessimism’ is a better theory to explain the low aspirations for higher education and poor educational attainment among immigrants in Italy. Of course, further evidence is required to substantiate this claim.
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Campbell, Baird. « Tiempo Al Tiempo ». GLQ : A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 28, no 3 (1 juin 2022) : 325–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10642684-9738470.
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Abstract This article explores the role of critical engagement with official and alternative historical narratives for dissident/diverse activists in Chile. Intervening in the debate surrounding queer temporality, which has tended to focus on the idea of futurity, the article brings Elizabeth Freeman's concept of “temporal drag” into conversation with Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui's theorization of ch'ixi subjectivity to argue that temporal drag on ch'ixi bodies renders visible the impact of colonial norms surrounding race and sexuality in the creation of the modern Chilean nation-state. Through four case studies, gathered via archival research and ethnographic participant observation, the author makes the case that by engaging with and questioning, rather than running from, official historical narratives, dissident/diverse activists in Chile carry out activism that brings to light both the country's historical and continuing oppression of sexual and racial minorities and the violent histories of colonialism and dictatorship that have made this oppression possible.
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Nguyen, Linh Thuy, Christopher Gan et Baiding Hu. « Why is Ethnic Minority Poverty Severe ? The Case of Rural Vietnam ». Asian Development Policy Review 9, no 3 (28 septembre 2021) : 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2021.93.161.179.
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In Vietnam, poverty is prevalent and extremely severe among rural ethnic minorities (REM). Despite a number of studies on characteristics of poverty, very few studies comprehensively examine the determinants of poverty intensity. This study employs binary and fractional logit models to investigate the determinants of poverty and the poverty intensity of the REM. Data are obtained by combining the 2012, 2014, and 2016 Vietnam Household Living Standards Surveys. The results show that education, wage-paying employment, housing conditions, and domestic remittances reduce poverty and its intensity. Poverty incidence reduction also hinges on development programmes on credit and scholarships. The likelihood and shortfall of poverty declined for households residing in the Red River and Mekong Deltas, and in southeast Vietnam. However, language barriers, farm size and overseas remittances influenced the poverty intensity but not the likelihood of poverty. Our results suggest that previous studies using only logit models have neglected several influences of poverty intensity, which the current research overcomes.
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Bai, Xue, Zhaoyu Xie et Bart Julien Dewancker. « Exploring the Factors Affecting User Satisfaction in Poverty Alleviation Relocation Housing for Minorities through Post-Occupancy Evaluation : A Case Study of Pu’er ». Sustainability 14, no 22 (16 novembre 2022) : 15167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215167.
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Ex-situ poverty alleviation relocation is a vital poverty alleviation measure implemented by the Chinese government. However, studies concerning design evaluation and poverty alleviation relocation houses for minorities are still scarce. Therefore, based on the post-occupancy evaluation method, this work constructs the evaluation index set of the satisfaction of ethnic minorities with their relocated houses, and takes Pu’er City, Yunnan Province, as an example for empirical research. Through correlation analysis and regression analysis, this work discusses their living satisfaction and its influencing factors. The results show that local residents have a high level of satisfaction with infrastructure and building safety. At the same time, residential design, architectural durability, regional characteristics, and other indicators significantly affect the overall satisfaction, and the satisfaction also has population differentiation relating to social and demographic characteristics. Finally, this article puts forward some suggestions to improve the living environment based on two aspects—“residential unit” and “community environment”—which provide references for the improvement and design of ESPAR communities.
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KIEU, Thi Thu Huong, Thi Ngan NGUYEN, Thi Hien Thuong NGUYEN, Thi Hai Anh VU, Do Huong Giang NGUYEN et Quang Tan NGUYEN. « Indigenous knowledge in climate change adaptation : Case studies of ethnic minorities in the Northern Mountain Region of Vietnam ». Journal of Vietnamese Environment 12, no 2 (12 novembre 2020) : 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/jve.vol12.no2.pp155-161.
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This study aims to investigate the indigenous knowledge (IK) of three ethnic minority groups in the Northern Mountain Region (NMR) of Vietnam. The groups include (1) Tay people who live at lower elevations; (2) a Dao community who tend to live in the middle elevations and (3) Hmong farmers who mainly reside at higher elevations areas of the mountain. This research intends to identify climate change (CC) and its impact on agricultural cultivation and find out how these groups can adapt to CC by applying their IK in agriculture practices. Data was collected through focus group discussions (n=9), in-depth interviews (n=80), and participant observation. From the 80 respondents, 27 live in Bac Kan province, 23 in Yen Bai province and 30 in Son La province; those who had experience in agricultural production, elderly and village heads. The results show that the NMR weather has significant changes that negatively impact agriculture cultivation and local livelihood. Although the respondents are from different ethnic minorities, these farmers are highly aware of the CC risks, leading into adaptation practices. While the Tay people's major adaptation strategies include the use of a variety of native plants and changing planting calendars, the Dao and Hmong people apply intercropping and local techniques methods in terracing fields using local varieties of livestock. Our findings highlight the importance of using the IK of ethnic minorities in adaptation towards CC. A better targeting about the use of local resources in future national policies and projects is encouraged.
Nghiên cứu này nhằm thu thập kiến thức bản địa (IK) của ba nhóm dân tộc thiểu số ở Miền núi phía Bắc (MNPB) của Việt Nam bao gồm (1) dân tộc Tày chủ yếu sống ở vùng thấp; (2) Người Dao có xu hướng sống ở các độ cao trung bình; và (3) người Hmông chủ yếu cư trú ở các khu vực đồi núi cao. Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định tình hình biến đổi khí hậu (BĐKH) và tác động của nó đối với sản xuất nông nghiệp, đồng thời tìm hiểu cách thức các nhóm dân tộc thiểu số này có thể thích ứng với BĐKH bằng cách áp dụng các kiến thức bản địa của họ vào thực tiễn sản xuất nông nghiệp. Dữ liệu được thu thập thông qua thảo luận nhóm tập trung (n = 9), phỏng vấn sâu (n = 80) và quan sát người tham gia. Trong số 80 người được hỏi, có 27 người sống ở tỉnh Bắc Kạn; 23 người ở tỉnh Yên Bái và 30 người ở tỉnh Sơn La, là những người có kinh nghiệm sản xuất nông nghiệp, người cao tuổi và trưởng thôn. Kết quả cho thấy thời tiết ở khu vực MNPB đã có những thay đổi so với trước gây tác động xấu đến canh tác nông nghiệp và sinh kế của cộng đồng. Mặc dù những người được hỏi từ các dân tộc khác nhau nhưng họ đều nhận thức được sự thay đổi này của thời tiết, do đó họ đã có những thích ứng riêng. Trong khi người Tày sử dụng giống cây trồng địa phương và thay đổi lịch thời vụ thì người Dao và Hmong chọn phương pháp xen canh và áp dụng kỹ thuật bản địa trên đất ruộng bậc thang và sử dụng gióng vật nuôi bản địa. Các phát hiện của chúng tôi giúp hiểu được tầm quan trọng của việc sử dụng IK trong thích ứng với BĐKH của các dân tộc thiểu số, từ đó có thể hướng đến mục tiêu tốt hơn việc sử dụng các nguồn lực địa phương trong các chính sách và dự án quốc gia trong tương lai.
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Rizova, Elena, Mira Bekar et Zoran Velkovski. « Educational Challenges of Roma Minorities : The Case of the Republic of North Macedonia ». International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education 8, no 3 (20 décembre 2020) : 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2334-8496-2020-8-3-113-122.
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Linguistic diversity comes in various forms. The most common ways of developing knowledge of more than one language according to some authors are either by learning a second language through participation in some form of bilingual education or being raised in a bilingual environment, such as school or a bilingual family. The phenomenon of development of literacy competencies of minority groups, specifically, the context of Roma people, in the Republic of North Macedonia, whose mother tongue is not even considered a standard language is the main research purpose of this paper. Research conducted in comparative studies on integrated education shows that in the elementary schools with high numbers of Roma students actions are rarely taken to enhance the integration of these minority students, because of 1) the lack of iconography, which is important for the ethnic identity of this minority and 2) low competence level of parents and teachers who are not adequately trained to work with students coming from different linguistic backgrounds or social backgrounds that are characterized by low literacy levels and low learning competences. Participants in this study were from several primary schools in North Macedonia and the responses were categorized according to the major themes that occurred. The findings show how women are excluded from obtaining better education and that multilingual children from deprived economic settings with poorly educated parents struggle and are seriously challenged to obtain proper literacy and education in elementary schools. The study reveals important details about the educational legislation, treatment of Roma people by local and international organizations and provides suggestions for improvement of the current status of the Roma population.