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1
Biruta Loze, Ilze. « Small anthropomorphic figurines in clay at Ģipka Neolithic settlements ». Documenta Praehistorica 32 (31 décembre 2005) : 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.32.11.
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Miniature Neolithic figurines in clay are a special topic of research. This especially concerns areas where their representation has so far been poor. While carrying out archaeological excavations in Northern Kurzeme, the north-west coastal dune zone of Rīga Bay, a ritual-like complex was recovered at Ģipka A site belonging to the local Culture of Pit Ceramics. It consists of several large and smaller fireplaces and pits, with the finds of fragmentary clay figurines recovered under the palisade that surrounded the settlement. The head and body of the miniature anthropomorphic figurines in clay have original modelling. It is possible to single out two types of figurine: with rather broad cheekbones, and oval modelling of face. The large amount of ochre found in the settlement and the purposeful breaking of figurines are evidence of their role during a rite. Clay figurines have a symbolic meaning, and the signs depicted on them, incised walking stick-shape and other motifs, are the symbols of early farmers.
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Howley, Kathryn E. « The Materiality of Shabtis : Figurines over Four Millennia ». Cambridge Archaeological Journal 30, no 1 (12 septembre 2019) : 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774319000313.
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Miniature human figurines have inspired many theoretical advances in archaeological literature, centred around universal human reactions to the material affect of their form. However, confirmation that ancient audiences had such reactions to figurines can be difficult to access in the archaeological record. Egyptian shabtis, a type of funerary figurine, allow such reactions to be accessed by the archaeologist due to their widespread use throughout a long period of Egyptian history and their continuing popularity in other cultures since ancient times: evidence consists of a broad range of textual, artistic and archaeological data from many different cultures over a period of roughly 4000 years. This evidence confirms not only that ancient Egyptian craftsmen responded to and sought to maximize the material affect of the shabtis, but that a significant part of the human response to miniature human figurines is indeed conditioned by their material qualities, independent of the figurines’ original religious function and the cultural background of the viewer.
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Coulam, Nancy J., et Alan R. Schroedl. « Late Archaic Totemism in the Greater American Southwest ». American Antiquity 69, no 1 (janvier 2004) : 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4128347.
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Split-twig figurines, willow branches bent to resemble miniature animals and dating between 2900 B.C. and 1250 B.C., have been found at 30 Late Archaic period archaeological sites in the Greater American Southwest. Two different and geographically distinct construction styles, Grand Canyon and Green River, have been identified for split-twig figurines. Application of ethnographic analogy to the current split-twig figurine archaeological record supports the postulate that the two different styles of split-twig figurines served two different functions. The Grand Canyon-style figurines generally functioned as increase totems whereas the Green River-style functioned as social totems. This is the first example of increase totemism reported for the region. Ritual and social attitudes toward the animal and totem eventually ended and the last split-twig figurine was discarded around 1250 B.C.
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Shi, Yuanxie. « A China Carved and Collected : Ningbo Whitewood Figurines in the Long Twentieth Century ». Journal of Chinese History 3, no 2 (juillet 2019) : 381–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jch.2019.9.
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AbstractHow is the craft history of ordinary woodcarvers different from the political and economic history of elites and literati? This article tells a transnational history of Ningbo miniature whitewood figurines that were first collected by Western travelers as souvenirs from the 1870s to 1940s and then shipped to the West as export craft from the 1950s to 1980s. The examination of the makers, buyers, and collectors of these figurines reveals a dialectic process between carving and collecting. Focusing on both the making and circulation of these figurines, the article uncovers a new layer in modern Chinese history: with the political regime changing from the imperial state to socialist state, the carving and business practices of local artisans continued at its own rhythm. Less than three and a half inches tall, Ningbo whitewood figurines represent a miniature China carved and consumed on a global scale during the long twentieth century.
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Hamilton, Naomi. « Can We Interpret Figurines ? » Cambridge Archaeological Journal 6, no 2 (octobre 1996) : 281–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774300001748.
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Figurines—miniature human representations modelled in clay or stone — are one of those key categories of prehistoric material which no archaeologist who finds one can ignore. Whether working in central America or southeast Europe, or in any of the many other contexts in which figurines abound, they form a central class of material which generates a heightened level of interest and attention. But however numerous and how-ever intriguing, prehistoric figurines have another crucial quality — that of ambiguity. Without the help of textual evidence, can prehistoric figurines be confidently interpreted or understood? Can we ever hope to know what an individual figurine was meant to represent, or why it was modelled in the way it was? Yet the challenge of interpretation can hardly be refiised. For figurines illustrate self-awareness, which is a unique human characteristic. It is this dilemma — the impulse to interpret, but the difficulty of doing so convincingly — which is the focus of the present Viewpoint.Figurines are found in many (though not all) regions and periods of prehistory. The earliest — the female forms once referred to as ‘Venus figurines’ — date back to the Upper Palaeolithic. At the other end of the scale, figurines are still in active production today, in the form of dolls, models and statues. In a prehistoric context, figurines have multiple dimensions of interest and meaning. In first place, there is the issue of sex and gender. Many figurines are clearly female, yet their gender significance, in both social and cognitive terms (rather than in simplistic notions of Mother Goddess or sex object), has only recently begun to be considered in a serious and critical way. Then there is the aspect of human self-awareness which the figurines so vibrantly express. Figurines also encode important cognitive elements in the modelling and representation of the human form, their makers frequently exaggerating some features or concealing others. Nor, ultimately, can we avoid the question of belief, and the ritual context in which so many figurines were made or used.The contributors to this Viewpoint feature all believe that figurines can indeed be interpreted. But they also lay stress on the vital importance of context and definition. Prehistoric figurines cannot be understood as isolated artefacts, but must be seen as products of particular societies. How far we can penetrate into their meanings — and into the minds of their prehistoric makers — is the fundamental question which underpins this discussion. Can we interpret figurines? And if so, how should we go about it?
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Garkusha, V. N., A. V. Novikov et A. V. Baulo. « Miniature Anthropomorphic Sculptures from Ust-Voikary : Chronology, Context, Semantics ». Archaeology, Ethnology & ; Anthropology of Eurasia 52, no 2 (29 juin 2024) : 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2024.52.2.108-118.
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We publish a sample of anthropomorphic sculptures unearthed in 2012–2016 at the Ust-Voikary fortified settlement in the circumpolar zone of Western Siberia. This is one of the permafrost sites, where artifacts made of organic materials are well preserved. The vast majority of the sculptures are made of wood, two of sheet metal, and one from a limonite concretion. Four main categories are identified: busts, heads, relatively full anthropomorphic figurines, and masks on sticks. Most of the sculptures follow the tradition of Ob-Ugric art, while a few can be attributed to Samoyedic art. Some figurines have additional elements such as rows of notches and diamond-shaped signs. According to ethnographic data, these signs endowed the sculptures with a sacral status. The finds have a clear archaeological, architectural, and dendrochronological context. Most were discovered in cultural layers dating to the early 1500s to early and mid-1700s. The artistic style is analyzed, and parallels are cited. The sculptures are compared with 18th to early 20th century ethnographic data. The connection of most figurines with dwellings, their small size and style show that they all belong to the ritual wooden anthropomorphic sculpture and were attributes of domestic sanctuaries. They fall into two main categories: family patron spirits and ittarma—temporary abodes of souls of the dead.
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Mikhailov, Yu I. « Seyma-Turbino Metalworking and Microtechnics : A Game of Scale ». Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 24, no 5 (7 novembre 2022) : 549–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2022-24-5-549-557.
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Along with ordinary utilitarian things, Seymа-Turbinо casters made technically advanced products devoid of pragmatic functions. Miniature copies of full-size prestigious products were found in graves and shrines. Probably, communities of metalworkers treated these miniature tools as material symbols of their group identification. Numerous finds made in Petrovka, Sintashta, and Seymа-Turbino archeological sites mean that these metal miniatures were in high demand. Low-rank metal workers might have been buried with miniature samples of less technologically advanced tools. Full-size sophisticated tools, as well as their miniature copies in children's graves, could symbolize individual status. Miniature artistic castings that served as pommels on massive curved knives marked the prestigious status of this type of weapon and symbolically equated it with the Tools of the Creation. The figurines that adorned the Seyma-Turbino weapon not only emphasized its impressive size, but also gave the owners of these perfect products a higher social status. The miniature sculpture, which adorned only some of the Seyma-Turbino metal products, individualized serial samples. Thus, the microtechnics reflected not only the new possibilities of Seyma-Turbino metalworking, but also the regulatory requirements for the design of prestigious metal products. The renewal of the material ambiance was caused by the spread of serial products, the so-called quick things. It reflected the need to strengthen the connection between the owner and the possession, which was inherent to individual single-piece production
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Hendrix, Elizabeth A. « COLORS ON ANCIENT GREEK TERRA‐COTTA FIGURINES ». Sculpture Review 50, no 2 (juin 2001) : 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2632-3494.2001.tb00152.x.
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AbstractSmall terra‐cotta figures, mostly of women, but occasionally of men or domestic animals, were produced in Greece in great numbers during the third and second centuries B.C. These miniature figures were often beautifully sculpted, with graceful poses and lively drapery. Traces of pigment still visible today reveal that the sculptures were vividly painted over their entire surfaces with a full spectrum of colors, creating a vibrant effect. Today, scientific analysis can identify the remaining pigment and present a clearer concept of the figures' original appearance.
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Muskett, Georgina. « VOTIVE OFFERINGS FROM THE SANCTUARY OF ARTEMIS ORTHIA, SPARTA, IN LIVERPOOL COLLECTIONS ». Annual of the British School at Athens 109 (23 septembre 2014) : 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245414000057.
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Two museums in the city of Liverpool have material from the Sanctuary of Artemis Orthia, Sparta: the Garstang Museum of Archaeology in the Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology at the University of Liverpool, and World Museum, part of National Museums Liverpool.The artefacts from the Artemis Orthia sanctuary which are now in the collections in Liverpool represent all periods of the use of the sanctuary, between the eighth century bc and the third century ad. They comprise lead figurines and miniature vessels, both characteristic of Laconian sites, as well as other types of pottery and terracotta figurines. Large and more extravagant offerings, such as items made from ivory or bronze, are not represented. However, the range of artefacts, particularly lead figurines, is impressive, and complements the material from the sanctuary which has already been published, primarily in the volume edited by Dawkins and published in 1929. In addition, the collections include a few objects of exceptional interest, mentioned in the article with further details in the Appendix. A full listing of votive offerings from the Sanctuary of Artemis Orthia in Liverpool collections complements the article.
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Guryanov, Valerii, et Arthur Chubur. « Ceramic Animals of Forest Settlements : Games of Adults with Gods or Children’s Toys ? » Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no 3 (20 juin 2023) : 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp2331526.
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The authors believe that the clay zoomorphic plastic figurines from the Early Iron Age settlements of the forest zone (the areas of the Yukhnovskaya, Milogradskaya, Verkhneokskaya and Dyakovskaya cultures) are not votive elements of agrarian cults but children’s toys. These toys as well as miniature vessels, ceramic models of things, clay loaves could be made by children themselves while learning the process of ceramic production. The use of images of wild animals especially predators and toads in agrarian rituals is doubtful. The dominance of horse images in the Milograd-Yukhnovo area seems to be an Indo-European trait associated with mythology and not with farming. In the area of the Dyakovskaya culture with developed horse breeding, attributed to the Finno-Ugric antiquities, there are clay figurines of animals except horses. Profane toys can carry sacred images since myth and fairy tale are closely connected with each other and a toy for a child has many faces and can situationally play the role of a mythical character, a fairy-tale hero, a usual domestic animal. Some figurines become votive objects at the final stage of existence. Toys were sacrificed during initiation into adulthood as in ancient Greece and Rome. Fragments of figurines in ashtrays formed during the annual ritual and sanitary burning of winter straw bedding from houses and stables are often taken as sacrifices. Household garbage trapped in a “cleansing” bonfire is not a meaningful sacrifice.
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Atakuman, Çiğdem. « From Monuments to Miniatures : Emergence of Stamps and Related Image-bearing Objects during the Neolithic ». Cambridge Archaeological Journal 25, no 4 (15 octobre 2015) : 759–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774315000396.
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In southwest Asia, the emphasis on architecture and burial ritual, which was instrumental in the construction of place-bound identities during the Early Neolithic (c. 10,000–7000 cal. bc), shifted toward an emphasis on miniature portable objects, such as figurines, stamps and ceramics, during the Later Neolithic (c. 7000–5000 cal. bc). Through a focus on stamps, this article argues that the appearance and proliferation of image-bearing portable objects is related to a new understanding of identities around emergent concepts of ‘house’ and ‘community’, which reordered the terms of social affiliation as well as difference and hierarchy at various scales. In terms of an iconographical approach, stamp imagery shows some affinities with the anthropomorphic and zoomorphic themes of the Early Neolithic; however, the majority of the Later Neolithic stamp imagery is composed of highly abstract types that cannot immediately be associated with the themes of the Early Neolithic. A close examination would indicate that these abstract types were also reproduced by manipulating ancestral imagery. It would also appear that certain types of images were employed on certain types of objects, such as ceramics and figurines, in increasingly structured ways. Arguably, these seemingly different object classes are an outcome of a seamless historical discourse of raw materials, images and forms, continuously shifting the conceptualization of self and society. It is in this context that stamps may be treated as figurines of a highly abstract, highly crafted and highly standardized nature. While the clay figurines appropriated social identities in the domestic sphere, stamps and ceramics were instrumental in linking multiple scales of identity formation, from personal to communal. Reconsidering the material shift from the Early to Late Neolithic, I suggest that the spreading regulation of appropriating body and food was central in the construction of a convergent politics of reproduction around the concepts of ‘house’.
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Kósa, Polett. « Special Ceramic Figurines from the Late Bronze Age Settlement of Baks-Temetőpart ». Dissertationes Archaeologicae 3, no 10 (31 mars 2023) : 93–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.17204/dissarch.2022.93.
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A planned excavation was conducted at the Late Bronze Age settlement of Baks-Temetőpart (Csongrád–Csanád County, Hungary) in 2007 by Gábor V. Szabó with archaeologists and students of the Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Archaeological Sciences (Budapest). A previously known but unexcavated, rather large, and intensive settlement was researched during the short campaign. More than 4,000 ceramic objects were discovered in different pits, with 71 special ceramic objects among them. This article evaluates these anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figurines, wagon- and wheel models, sun discs, and miniature vessels that can give us some insight into the beliefs and ways of artistic expression of the classical Gáva pottery style community of Baks-Temetőpart.
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PILLSBURY, J. « LondonPenny Dransart, Elemental Meanings : Symbolic Expression in Inka Miniature Figurines �4.50, (1995), p. 58. » Bulletin of Latin American Research 17, no 2 (mai 1998) : 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-3050(97)00109-5.
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Kotenko, Viktoriia V., et Yurii O. Puholovok. « Clay Toys of Early Modern Childhood (on the Materials of Poltava City) ». SUMY HISTORICAL AND ARCHIVAL JOURNAL, no 34 (2020) : 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/shaj.2020.i34.p.21.
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The article deals with a group of ceramic toys originating from the archaeological excavations of Poltava city of the Early Modern period. The results of researches of urban centers in Ukraine show interesting material, which differs depending on the region, social and economic development, and other things. The things, which related to the world of childhood in the Hetmanate, are very important. Such finds represented mainly by clay toys. They are dividing into several categories. The compiling of the source base for this article began in the 1990s, when excavations within modern Poltava became systematic. Also there is considered the fact, that the collection of clay toys from Poltava is large, compared to other cities of Early Modern Europe. Archaeological materials have created a foundation for the study of various aspects of everyday life of citizens, including children. In Early Modern times, clay toys represented mainly by figures of animals (including birds), people, and small copies of household vessels. Most of them belong to the miniature dishes, which were represented mainly by pots-“monetary”. There are also bowls, jugs, mugs, and lids. Such products repeated mainly all forms of traditional ceramics, differing only in size. Miniature pottery probably reflected some part of the “adult” life of the Early Modern time. Musical instruments represent another group of clay toys. These were mostly zoomorphic whistles, which differed in technique and sound. The third category of toys includes anthropomorphic ceramic figurines, among which the image of a lady («bárynia») or a rider predominates. They can be used in children’s figurative play. There is a suggestion that toys helped the younger generation to get some skills in using household items or future social roles. Therefore, archaeological researches made it possible to shed some light on the life of the citizens of Early Modern Poltava. Keywords: Early Modern times, Hetmanate, Poltava, clay toy, miniature vessel, whistle, ceramic figurine.
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K., Rudenko. « Miniature Clay Products of the Imenkovo Culture in the 6th–7th Centuries AD ». Teoriya i praktika arkheologicheskikh issledovaniy 33, no 4 (décembre 2021) : 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/tpai(2021)33(4).-05.
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The article deals with miniature clay products of the Imenkovo culture. They are often mentioned in publications of finds both from the Imenkovo hillforts and from the settlements. At the same time, they are not found in the Imenkovo burial grounds. The research was based on a representative collection of miniature items from the Tetyushy-II hillfort in the Tetyushy district of Tatarstan. In addition, published materials from excavations of other Imenkovo settlements both in the Republic of Tatarstan and in the neighboring regions — Ulyanovsk and Samara were used. The author studied 124 miniature objects. They were grouped into four divisions. The first one includes geometrical objects (balls, cones, etc.), accounting for 22.5% of all finds. The second includes jewelry (9.8%). The most numerous (42.7%) is the third section — household items. Most of them are miniature vessels. The last section includes miniature images of animals (25%). All products are made of pure clay. They are well burnt. Moreover, almost all of them are either broken or have the loss of individual parts. Since the crafts were very durable, it is obvious that they were smashed on purpose. By their functional purpose, they were: 1) cult objects related to production activities (miniature figurines of animals); 2) magic crafts; 3) elements of ritual procedures; 4) household items (for example, drinking bowls); 5) shells for weapons (sling). In the latter case, natural nodules were used for the same purpose. The origin of most of the miniature vessels is associated with the Volga region. In the decorations and a number of types of miniature vessels, the connection of these artifacts with the antiquities of the Dyakovo archaeological culture can be traced. There are analogies in the antiquities of the Kiev culture. Miniature vessels with a round bottom are associated with cultures of the 1st millennium AD in Southern Cis-Urals. Some of the items of this complex were formed under the influence of the Sarmatian culture. All considered items are dated to the 6th–7th centuries AD. Thus, for the first time, the systematization of miniature items of the Imenkovo culture, their attribution and dating has been carried out.
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Valente, Tatiana, Fernando Contreras, Ahmed Mahmud, Mansour Boraik Radwan Karim, Mahra Saif Al Mansoori et Hassan Zein. « FIVE SEASONS OF EXCAVATIONS IN AREAS 2A AND G OF SARUQ AL HADID (DUBAI, UAE) : IRON AGE II EVIDENCES OF COPPER PRODUCTION, WORKSHOP AREA AND CEREMONIAL ACTIVITIES ». ISIMU 23 (23 décembre 2020) : 169–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15366/isimu2020.23.010.
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Within five years of excavations in Area 2A and G of Saruq al-Hadid, several pit-like structures used in combustion activities were found whose purpose is still unclear. Near these, a rich collection of metal objects from the Iron Age II was gathered, along with evidences of their production at the site. Frequent identification of raw materials and working tools, mainly for jewellery production, suggests that the site was also a production centre for these kind of objects, as well as a site with religious connotation as suggested by the votive objects discovered, such as copper anthropomorphic figurines, snakes, miniature weaponry, and soft stone and ceramic vessels with parallels in other places of worship.
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Atdaev, Serdar J. « Traditional children’s toys at the Turkmens ». Historical Ethnology 7, no 2 (2022) : 294–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/he.2022-7-2.294-306.
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Traditional toys and various handcrafted items constitute an important part of the children’s world. Toys are not just fun, but also an important element in the upbringing and development of the child. With the help of toys, children learn about the world around them, learn to establish social ties, and prepare themselves for adulthood. Archaeological finds demonstrate that children’s toys were made on the territory of Turkmenistan already in the Bronze Age and their production continued into the Middle Ages. Miniature bows and arrows, slings, guns and sabers were usually made for boys. Children weaved bird nets and made animal traps. They also created toy tools of trade for the household. Toys imitate weddings and other celebrations accompanied by playing miniature musical instruments. Girls mainly made dolls, as well as household items and utensils. Animal figurines occupy a distinct place in the group of toys. In the past, doll toys were also made for ritual ceremonies: curing diseases or calling the rain. The production of traditional toys continued until the beginning of the 20th century. Information about toys production has been preserved in Turkmen folk tales and beliefs.
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Selbitschka, Armin. « Miniature tomb figurines and models in pre-imperial and early imperial China : origins, development and significance ». World Archaeology 47, no 1 (janvier 2015) : 20–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2014.991801.
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Crnobrnja, Adam, Zoran Simic et Marko Jankovic. « Late Vinca culture settlement at Crkvine in Stubline : Household organization and urbanization in the Late Vinca culture period ». Starinar, no 59 (2009) : 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta0959009c.
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The site Crkvine is situated in the vicinity of the village Stubline in the borough of Obrenovac around 40 km to the southwest of Belgrade (Serbia). In the first section of this work we present the comprehensive report about the investigations carried out so far. The geomagnetic prospection undertaken from 2006 to 2008 covered an area of 32,400 square meters and the obtained results indicate the existence of around 100 houses built in rows around the rather large open areas as well as the trenches surrounding the settlement. The investigations of the house 1/2008 dating from the Vinca culture D-2 period yielded in addition to the data concerning its interior organization also a unique find of the group of 46 figurines with 11 models of miniature tools. In the second section of this work we discuss the prospects, which future investigations of this site and its environment could provide concerning the study of the social organization in the very end of the Vinca culture.
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Grębska-Kulow, Małgorzata, et Petar Zidarov. « The Routes of Neolithisation : The Middle Struma Valley from a Regional Perspective ». Open Archaeology 7, no 1 (1 janvier 2021) : 1000–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opar-2020-0170.
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Abstract The frontier position of the Balkan Peninsula, next to Anatolia and the Aegean, emphasises its key importance for the study of the Neolithisation processes taking place in Europe during the seventh–sixth millennia BC. A look at the distribution of most Early Neolithic sites along the submeridional alluvial plains of its central mountainous part often leaves the impression that the valleys of the Vardar, Struma, Mesta and Maritsa rivers functioned as natural corridors, allowing for the rapid advance of the farming way of life towards the interior regions of Europe. However, comparative analysis of the distribution patterns of specific diagnostic components of Early Neolithic cultures, such as white painted pottery, anthropomorphic figurines and miniature “cult tables”, from the Early Neolithic settlements in the Middle Struma Valley, southwestern Bulgaria, namely Kovachevo, Ilindentsi, Brezhani, Drenkovo and Balgarchevo I shows a rather unexpected direction and dynamic of cultural/social contact during this crucial period.
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Tsao, Wen-Yu. « Understanding Push and Pull Powers on Intention to Accept for 3D printer ». International Journal of Human Resource Studies 9, no 2 (30 mai 2019) : 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v9i2.14863.
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With recent improvements in innovations, 3D printer is having a gradually to arouse people curiosity and meet their needs, and beginning to offer exciting and helpful new services. Of these innovations with helped people improve their live, such as miniature figurines or rebuild the wounded which is current recently. Nevertheless, are people willing to accept 3D printer with need and curiosity? There is a need to understand individuals push powers (need and curiosity) against pull power (inertia) on intention to accept and. The aim of this study was to build a new luxury acceptance model (LAM) and evaluate the effects of luxury value and pull and push powers on individual willingness to accept in 3D printer. The analytical results showed that no matter pull or push powers were the key factors for intention to accept 3D printer with online questionnaire survey. Further, findings also indicated that the links from push powers to intention to accept were stronger for the low pull power, supporting the moderating role of inertia. Implications and limitations of this study are briefly outlined.
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Kudinova, Maria. « “Persian” and “Roman” Dogs in Medieval China ». Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no 5 (29 octobre 2021) : 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp215187194.
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Historical and literary works and archaeological materials (such as pottery figurines, tomb murals and reliefs, paintings etc.) recorded the spread of foreign dog breeds in the territory of China since the period of the Northern dynasties and their highest popularity among Chinese upper class during Tang epoch. At the present time there is information about two breeds — “Persian” dogs and “Roman” dogs. “Persian” dogs (Bosi gou, Bosi quan) were the hunting dogs with a thin elongated body, long legs, short-haired, probably, related to Saluki. “Roman” dogs (Fulin gou, Fulin quan) were miniature dogs with short body and legs, long-haired, black and white spotted, probably, originated from Maltese dogs. They performed a decorative function and served as companions of women and children. Apparently, originally both “Persian” and “Roman” dogs were imported into China along the Silk Road via Sogdian city-states of Central Asia and the states of Western Regions (Xiyu). Later, the breeding of these dogs started in China in order to meet the demand for the prestigious home pets among the Chinese elite.
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Sakellarakis, Y. « Minoan religious influence in the Aegean : the case of Kythera ». Annual of the British School at Athens 91 (novembre 1996) : 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400016403.
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This article presents conclusions drawn from the results of surface survey and excavation at Agios Georgios, Vouno (Kythera), the peak sanctuary of the nearby Minoan colony at Kastri. Small finds included a black steatite ladle inscribed in Linear A with a name reminiscent of ‘Demeter’, libation tables, some clay and numerous bronze figurines (both anthropomorphic and animal), jewellery, bronze votive offerings in the shape of human limbs, miniature clay horns of consecration, and a small bronze double axe. The pottery includes some MM I B–MM II but is richest in MM III–LM I/I B, particularly fine wares. The finds suggest that the importance of Kastri was greater than hitherto supposed, but they exhibit significant contrasts with assemblages at Cretan peak sanctuaries. The site's proximity to the metallurgical resources of Laconia, and its strategic location overlooking sea passages, are considered. It is suggested that cult activity here was dependent not on West Crete but on Knossos. Parallels are drawn with the sites of Troullos (Kea), Trianta (Ialysos, Rhodes), and Mikri Vigla (Naxos), and possible Minoan elements in later Laconian cult are noted.
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Facorellis, Yorgos, Marina Sofronidou et Giorgos Hourmouziadis. « Radiocarbon Dating of the Neolithic Lakeside Settlement of Dispilio, Kastoria, Northern Greece ». Radiocarbon 56, no 2 (2014) : 511–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/56.17456.
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Dispilio is the only excavated Neolithic lakeside settlement in Greece. Archaeological research provided evidence that the site was continuously used from the Early Neolithic (∼6000 BC) to the Late Chalcolithic period (∼1200 BC, Mycenaean period). During several archaeological campaigns, a portion of the settlement has been excavated that enabled a sufficient understanding of the architectural layout of homes, the building materials, and the organization of space, while the finds (fragments of pottery, stone and bone tools, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic clay figurines, miniature representations of objects also on clay, animal and fish bones, charred cereal grains, and other fruits) provided information on the everyday lives of the Neolithic inhabitants. A series of charcoal and wood samples, originating mostly from the Middle and Late Neolithic layers of the site, were radiocarbon dated and their dates range from ∼5470 to 4850 BC. The most unexpected of the finds, a wooden tablet from the lake bearing engraved symbols, was 14C dated to 5260 ± 40 BC. In addition, clay tablets and pottery vessels engraved with similar symbols were also unearthed from layers dated to the same period. If this proves to be a primary source of written communication, the history of writing should be reconsidered and Neolithic societies should not be considered “societies without writing.”
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Facorellis, Yorgos, Marina Sofronidou et Giorgos Hourmouziadis. « Radiocarbon Dating of the Neolithic Lakeside Settlement of Dispilio, Kastoria, Northern Greece ». Radiocarbon 56, no 02 (2014) : 511–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200049560.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dispilio is the only excavated Neolithic lakeside settlement in Greece. Archaeological research provided evidence that the site was continuously used from the Early Neolithic (∼6000 BC) to the Late Chalcolithic period (∼1200 BC, Mycenaean period). During several archaeological campaigns, a portion of the settlement has been excavated that enabled a sufficient understanding of the architectural layout of homes, the building materials, and the organization of space, while the finds (fragments of pottery, stone and bone tools, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic clay figurines, miniature representations of objects also on clay, animal and fish bones, charred cereal grains, and other fruits) provided information on the everyday lives of the Neolithic inhabitants. A series of charcoal and wood samples, originating mostly from the Middle and Late Neolithic layers of the site, were radiocarbon dated and their dates range from ∼5470 to 4850 BC. The most unexpected of the finds, a wooden tablet from the lake bearing engraved symbols, was14C dated to 5260 ± 40 BC. In addition, clay tablets and pottery vessels engraved with similar symbols were also unearthed from layers dated to the same period. If this proves to be a primary source of written communication, the history of writing should be reconsidered and Neolithic societies should not be considered “societies without writing.”
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Karmanov, Victor. « “Koloboks” of the “forest” Neolithic : Ceramic Handicrafts of Northeast Europe Foragers (Republic of Komi, Russian Federation) ». Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no 2 (25 avril 2023) : 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp232105118.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The results of a comprehensive study of a rattle from the Vis II settlement and a sculpture of a human head from the Vad I/1 dwelling are published. The artefacts were created with mental design and using complex technical solutions if we compare them with other ceramic figurines of the regional Neolithic. The research is based on data from the visual examination, the spatial analysis of the contexts of the finds, the technical-typological analysis of the ceramics, the X-ray computer tomography, the instrumental measurement of the sound volume and the method of analogies. It is established that these unique artefacts were the parts of assemblages of the 6th and 1st half of the 5th m. BC They are associated with contexts whose sacral significance is undefined now. Uncertainty is an inherent part of archaeological record study and does not allow one to conclude reliably about the function and status of the described artefacts in prehistoric culture. The rattle was made for personal use, probably a child’s toy. The miniature sculpture of a human head was part of a child’s, a ritual or a magical doll. But whatever they were for Neolithic man, today they are illustrations of the early history of our toys.
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Ponkratova, Irina Yu. « Middle Neolithic of the Kamchatka Peninsula ». Vestnik NSU. Series : History and Philology 19, no 5 (2020) : 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-5-86-102.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose. The study of archaeological sites of the Middle Neolithic of Kamchatka should offer a chronology and a set of criteria for identifying the period. Results. The research data is based on the materials of the studied cultural layer, buried dwellings and individual artifacts of 46 archaeological sites. It has been established that the average Neolithic of Kamchatka can be dated back to 4 000–1 500 cal BP. The sites were found on high water-glacial terraces with a height of 4 to 30 meters on the banks of large rivers and lakes, the sea coast of the eastern part of the peninsula. Their number had increased compared to the previous period. Dwellings had become more complex. Perhaps this is due to the need to have more reliable shelters in the conditions of the marine climate and frequent precipitation of volcanic ash. The ground buildings, semi-underground dwellings and workshops for the manufacture of stone tools were found at the sites. Near the dwellings, special fortifications in the form of artificial ditches and ramparts made of stones and soil were also found. These may have been defensive structures. The increased population size, its settlement mainly along the coast in order to develop marine resources, may have caused conflicts between certain groups of the population in the struggle for the best fishing sites. The stone industry is represented by cores (amorphous and prismatic knife-shaped blades) and primary cleavage products (knife-shaped blades of different sizes without retouching, with edge retouching and on both sides). Among the tools there were retouched triangular stone arrowheads without stem and with stem, leaf-shaped, including miniature, arrowheads; knives – narrow and wide-bladed with a dedicated handle, leaf-shaped oval; roughly beaten and polished sharp-edged adzes of different sizes with a sub-triangular and oval cross-section; end scrapers of various geometric shapes; calibrators of arrow shafts. The strategy of life support of society was aimed at hunting for marine mammals, fishing and gathering, including shellfish. In the sphere of spiritual culture, signs of ceremonial activity (labrets) and art (small figurines and ornaments) have also been identified. Conclusion. It is assumed that with an increased population size and changes in the environmental situation, a new way of life of the population developed, associated with a highly specialized and complex appropriating economy which essentially formed its own archaeological culture (Taryinskaya culture).
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Andrikou, Eleni. « An Early Helladic figurine from Thebes, Boeotia ». Annual of the British School at Athens 93 (novembre 1998) : 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400003397.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A bone figurine of a standing naked woman was found in the SE part of the Kadmeia in 1995. It lay in an EH II–III layer. The head is missing and also the feet which were made separately and inserted. The figurine is on a miniature scale and can be associated with Cycladic prototypes. Evidence for the relations between Thebes and the Cyclades during the EBA is also briefly discussed.
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Jabłkowski, Michał. « Gliniane przedmioty zoomorficzne ze stanowiska w Korczowej 22, pow. jarosławski ». Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego 42 (2021) : 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2021.42.4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In 2010, in connection with the planned construction of the A4 motorway, the Radymno-Korczowa junction, rescue excavations were undertaken, which provided the discovery of two clay zoomorphic objects, which are the subject of the article. These are: a fragment of a small, solid, longitudinal and cylindrical zoomorphic pendant and a miniature, fragmentarily preserved zoomorphic figurine. Figural art is rare in the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture. In the archaeological literature, this category of artefacts is dated from IV period of the Bronze Age to the Hallstatt period. The article shows that the most analogies can be found to the east of the area occupied by the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture. A common feature of all figural representations is the schematicism and simplicity of their performance as well as the dominance of images of farm animals. Figural art discovered in archaeological sites is identified with all forms of art. Such items are interpreted as objects of cult significance, children’s toys or manifestations of the magic sphere. The popularity of these representations and the influence of the „Eastern” cultures, especially the foreststepped zone of the Scythian cultural circle, on the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture suggest that both the pendant and the figurine uncovered at the site 22 in Korczowa should be associated with this cultural provenance.
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Султанова, Н. Ш. « Изучение раннесредневекового костюма Бухарского оазиса на основе терракоты ». Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology), no 2024 № 1 (mars 2024) : 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2024-1/116-126.
Texte intégralRésumé :
История одежды с древнейших времен до наших дней – это зеркало, в котором отражается все прошлое человечества. Среди материальных и духовных культурных памятников она рассматривается как критерий, отражающий национальную идентичность народа и демонстрирующий его этнические особенности. Археологические находки показывают, что одежда появилось в самые ранние периоды развития человека. Одежда является неотъемлимой частью повседневной жизни, поэтому её эволюцию можно изучать на основе сохранившихся материальных образцов прошлых веков. Узнать, как одевались наши предки, можно с помощью миниатюр, фотографий, настенной живописи, рукописных источников и археологических находок. Например, люди делали глиняные фигурки богов, которым они поклонялись. Одежда этих фигурок и стала объектом нашего изучения. В статье проведен анализ терракот и изображенных на них предметов одежды и украшений. Фокус внимания автора был сосредоточен на терракотах, представленных в фондах и музейных экспозициях Бухарского государственного музея-заповедника. Проанализированы их сходства и различия. Рассмотренные детали одежды использованы как источник по истории костюма региона периода раннего средневековья. (Публикация на английском языке). The history of clothing from ancient times to the present day is a mirror in which the entire past of mankind is reflected. Among the material and spiritual cultural landmarks, they are considered as a criterion reflecting the national identity of peoples and showing their ethnic characteristics. Since clothing is considered the main part of everyday life, we can study it by looking at the preserved material samples of the past. We can analyze the clothes of the previous periods with the help of miniatures, photographs, wall decorations, handwritten sources and archaeological finds. Archaeological finds show that clothing appeared in the earliest periods of human development. People made clay figurines of the gods they worshipped, and we study the patterns of clothing on these figurines. This article discusses costumes based on terracottas found during archaeological excavations. The author focused on the terracotta figurines stored in the fund of the Bukhara State Museum-Reserve and in museum expositions. Their similarities and differences were analyzed. The considered clothing details are used as a source on the history of the costume of the region during the early Middle Ages.
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Brzezinski, Jeffrey S., Arthur A. Joyce et Sarah B. Barber. « Constituting Animacy and Community in a Terminal Formative Bundled Offering from the Coast of Oaxaca, Mexico ». Cambridge Archaeological Journal 27, no 3 (11 juillet 2017) : 511–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774317000245.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this paper, we examine a Terminal Formative-period (150 bc–ad 250) bundled offering from the site of Cerro de la Virgen, located on the Pacific coast of Oaxaca, Mexico. The offering was emplaced below a prominent public building in the site's ceremonial centre and contained five stone objects, including a rain deity mask, a fragment of a second mask, a figurine of a deceased ancestor and two miniature table altars, as well as nine small ceramic vessels. Considered together as a ‘sacred bundle’, the stone objects collectively reference agricultural fertility, rulership and ancestor veneration, which we interpret to be a metaphorical invocation of a fundamental tenet of prehispanic Mesoamerican religious belief—the sacred covenant. The offering also played an active part in founding the community of Cerro de la Virgen, connecting its residents with the divine, the ancestors and the outside world and constituting differences in status among its members.
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Papageorgiou, Irini. « THE PRACTICE OF BIRD HUNTING IN THE AEGEAN OF THE SECOND MILLENNIUM BC : AN INVESTIGATION ». Annual of the British School at Athens 109 (novembre 2014) : 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245414000173.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Among the hunting scenes that the Aegean iconography of the second millennium bc offers us, representations related to bird hunting seem to be absent. Newer information has emerged, however, from the restoration of the frescoes from Xeste 3 in the Late Cycladic I / Late Minoan IA settlement of Akrotiri on Thera. On the first floor of Xeste 3, a community sanctuary whose function has been connected with initiation rites, the Great Goddess of Nature (the Potnia) was depicted appearing among young crocus gatherers, possibly during a religious festival related to the regeneration of nature. Two pairs of mature women with sumptuous dress and elaborate jewellery, carrying lilies, wild roses and crocuses as offerings to the Goddess, were rendered on the walls of a corridor that led into the room where the seated Potnia is located. Among the women in the corridor is one holding a sheaf of white lilies and bearing a net pattern with small blue birds on her upper arms. The net has been viewed as a bodice with embroidered miniature swallows. However, specific details of the net pattern indicate the depiction of a real net with captured small, possibly migratory, birds, to be offered to the Potnia. The subject of trapping birds with a net perhaps refers to a ritual act that would have taken place during an autumn or spring festival, given that the trapping of migratory birds takes place during these two transitional seasons. The particular importance and symbolic value of the subject, which enriches the Aegean sacred iconography, is also suggested by the representation of a net with a captured bird on a Late Minoan IB sealing from Agia Triada, which comes from the bezel of a signet ring, apparently made of gold, as well as the rendering of what is possibly a net on the back of a Late Minoan IIIA2 clay male figurine holding a bird, found on the bench in the Shrine of the Double Axes in Knossos.
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Miller, G. Logan. « Settling down with anthropomorphic clay figurines in eastern North America ». Frontiers in Human Dynamics 6 (21 février 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fhumd.2024.1355421.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Indigenous peoples have occupied eastern North America for over 10,000 years; yet the earliest anthropomorphic figurines were only manufactured in the past several thousand years. This emergence of human figurine traditions in eastern North America is correlated with increased settlement permanence, and community size related to key demographic thresholds. In this study, I present an overview of two previously unreported figurine assemblages from the Middle Woodland period in Illinois and use these assemblages as a jumping-off point to examine the emergence of early human figurines in eastern North America. To illustrate the importance of the correlation between anthropomorphic figurines and settling down, I focus on what figurines do that encouraged the emergence of widespread traditions of figurine manufacture and use as the size of affiliative communities increased. This study involves examining early figurines and their broader context through the lens of a model of the socioeconomic dynamics of settling down in conjunction with an examination of the materiality of miniature 3-D anthropomorphic figurines. Key to this latter perspective is understanding not what figurines represent but what they do.
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Dewan, Rachel. « TWO SIZES TOO SMALL : TWO CATEGORIES OF MINIATURE POTTERY IN MINOAN CRETE ». Annual of the British School at Athens, 22 mai 2023, 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245423000035.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Often assumed to be ritual votives or toys for children, miniature ceramic vessels in the Bronze Age Aegean have been afforded little thorough study. Their presence at peak sanctuaries, sacred caves and shrines on Crete has led to their uncritical association with ritual activity, even outside of sacred areas. When miniature pots are found in domestic spaces, they are often dismissed as objects of household ritual or simple toys. Yet miniature vessels, diverse in form and context, are so common in archaeological investigations of Minoan settlements that they merit further comprehensive study. Considered alongside the abundance of small-scale Minoan material culture, including figurines, seals, miniature wall paintings, and models, miniature pottery appears to be one facet of a larger semiotic ideology – one well-versed in the language and power of the miniature. By analysing 504 miniature pots from 13 sites in central and east Crete, this paper explores the wide range of miniature vessel types used in the Protopalatial and Neopalatial periods and applies contextual analysis to draw out their meanings. Contextualisation and data analysis reveal two distinct categories within the corpus of miniature pots: ‘micro-miniatures’ and ‘small miniatures’. While micro-miniatures were indeed inherently cultic, small miniatures served a variety of practical functions within the world of Minoan Crete and should not be assumed to relate to ritual. To differentiate between the categories, the relationship between the miniature and its prototype, as well as its semiotic meaning are considered. By applying Peircean understandings of iconicity and indexicality to these two categories, the use and significance of Bronze Age miniature vessels are further illuminated, in ritual and beyond.
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Langin-Hooper, Stephanie M. « Making Wonder in Miniature : A New Approach to Theorizing the Affective Properties and Social Consequences of Small-Scale Artworks from Hellenistic Babylonia ». Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 29 mai 2023, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774323000069.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article proposes an interpretive framework of paradox and wonder as a new approach to understanding the affective properties and social consequences of miniature objects in the archaeological record. Building upon current scholarly theories of miniatures as inherently intimate, this approach accounts for how small-scale artworks were also designed and deliberately manufactured to elude user attempts at full sensory access and immersive escapism. This desire-provoking tension between intimacy and distance—which lures viewers into small-scale encounters only to insist upon the object's life-size existence—is wonder, and it is what gives miniature objects their social relevance and ability not only to reflect, but also to influence, the real world. The benefits and applicability of this approach to miniaturization are illustrated through analysis of case studies of miniature objects (figurines, coins, seals and seal impressions, and jewellery) from Hellenistic Babylonia (Seleucid and Parthian periods in southern Mesopotamia, modern Iraq, 323 bce–ce 224).
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Meriläinen, Mikko, Jaakko Stenros et Katriina Heljakka. « More Than Wargaming : Exploring the Miniaturing Pastime ». Simulation & ; Gaming, 26 juin 2020, 104687812092905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878120929052.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background. Miniaturing, or painting, collecting, and gaming with miniature wargaming figurines, is a popular, yet vastly underresearched subject. Previous research suggests a multitude of practices and ways of engaging with miniatures. Aim. This qualitative study explores the various elements of miniaturing to both map the phenomenon and build a foundation for further research. Method. Miniaturing is explored through a thematic analysis of 127 open-ended survey responses by adult Finnish miniature enthusiasts. Results. Responses suggest a dual core to miniaturing, consisting of crafting and gaming. In addition to these core activities, storytelling, collecting, socializing and displaying and appreciating appear commonly, with considerable individual variation. The different elements are closely intertwined, based on individual preferences and resources. Discussion. As a pastime, miniaturing occupies an interesting position with elements of crafting, toy play and gaming, and escapes easy situating. The considerable individual variation in enthusiasts’ preferences suggests a multitude of fruitful approaches in further research.
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Szczepanik, Paweł. « Comparative analysis of early medieval anthropomorphic wooden figurines from Poland. Representations of gods, deceased or ritual objects ? » Sprawozdania Archeologiczne 72, no 2 (17 avril 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.23858/sa/72.2020.2.1725.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Miniature anthropomorphic images, due to their unique character, have attracted the attention of archaeologists for a very long time. This text analyses the forms, significance and functions of items coming from the early Middle Ages, which were discovered in the area of Poland. The set of wooden objects is diverse in terms of form and probably also in terms of meaning. The biggest number of artefacts come from Pomerania, but some of them were found in other places. The Baltic Sea basin will be used as a broad comparative background during this analysis. Information from written sources and from broad anthropological reflection will also be used in an attempt to determine the functions and meanings of these miniature figurines. Thanks to this analysis, it will be possible to show the importance of anthropomorphic figures in the context of early medieval religion and beliefs.
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Langin-Hooper, Stephanie M. « Life in Miniature Exhibition at the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology : Intertwining Theoretical and Traditional Approaches in the Exhibition of Terracotta Figurines and Other Miniature Objects ». Les Carnets de l'ACoSt, no 13 (5 août 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/acost.630.
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MacGregor, Arthur. « Modelling India. Unfired clay figurines and the East India Company's collections : from devotional icons to didactic displays ». Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 16 mars 2023, 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186322000797.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract A well-known series of miniature figures produced in India from unfired clay, appropriately clothed and in many instances represented carrying out their respective secular or ritual duties, enjoyed a period of particular popularity on the world stage in the nineteenth century when they were appropriated as illustrative devices in museum displays and international exhibitions. Over the previous half-century or more they had emerged as products of a dynamic industry that responded to changes in taste as well as religious and artistic practice within Indian society, before being taken up by the West to serve new colonial imperatives. There they received perhaps their most enthusiastic reception at the India Museum, established in the headquarters of the East India Company in London in the early 1800s, and surviving beyond the suppression of the Company itself until they were dispersed to a number of other institutions in 1879. From an early appearance at the Great Exhibition in 1851, the figures also became a regular feature of the international exhibitions of the latter part of the century. Initially they celebrated the traditional crafts and practices of India but gradually were recruited to communicate other messages of Western industrial dominance and perceived artistic and industrial superiority. Although comparatively few of these figures survive intact in Western collections, the history of their considerable impact on the European stage can be enlarged upon with the aid of the documentary record.
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Oggiano, Ida. « THE SACRED REPRESENTATION OF A MINIATURE WORLD : RITUALS WITH FIGURINES AND SMALL AND MINIATURIZED POTTERY AT THE PHOENICIAN CULT PLACE OF KHARAYEB ». Oxford Journal of Archaeology, 15 juin 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ojoa.12249.
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Cereceda Bianchi, Verónica. « Festones en pequeñas vestimentas de enterratorios de altura (Capacocha) ». Zea Books, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1623.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Los festones son bordados exteriores que se incorporan en prendas ya terminadas en un telar. En el presente texto intentamos un análisis de este tipo de terminaciones que circundaba las vestimentas de pequeñas estatuitas en esos importantes rituales de sacrificios infantiles que son las capacocha. Por la cantidad de reglas que implicaba su elaboración, tanto en lo que se refiere a su ubicación como en la sintaxis de su organización cromática, es posible considerarlos como verdaderos códigos que cumplían sus mensajes de comunicación y sus posibles poderes rituales, a partir de angostas listas de diferentes colores, sin necesidad de utilizar palabras. The festoons are external embroideries that are incorporated in garments already finished in a loom. In the present text we attempt an analysis of this type of completions that surrounded the garments of miniature figurines in those important rituals of children sacrifices named as capacocha. Due to the number of rules involved in their elaboration, both in terms of their location and the syntax of their chromatic organization, it is possible to consider them as true codes that fulfilled their communication messages and their possible ritual powers, based on narrow lists of different colors, without the need to use words.
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Maria-Magdalena, Ștefan, Buzea Dan, Ștefan Dan, Kovács Adela et Puskás József. « Raport preliminar asupra cercetărilor desfăşurate la Reci-Doboika, jud. Covasna, un sit cu depuneri în gropi din epoca fierului/Preliminary report on the researches in Reci-Doboika (Covasna county) a 1st millennium BC site with deposits in pits ». ANGVSTIA, 15 décembre 2018, 137–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36935/ang.v22.2.
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The article reports on recent geophysical investigations undertaken in the central part of Brașov Depression, in south-eastern Transylvania, at Reci (Covasna County), and offers preliminary information about a rescue excavation which was previously done in the vicinity of the newly prospected areas. A gradiometric survey and a series of magnetic susceptibility measurements were completed on a river terrace, nearby the site of Doboika, where 109 pits dating from various moments of the Iron Age and one from Eneolithic were researched in 2015 by the National Museum of Eastern Carpathians in Sfântu Gheorghe. Some of these pits had as content a certain selection of items’ categories which, despite changes in styling and manufacturing techniques due to time passing, could be recognized as a common model employed in three different stages of the Iron Age: 11th-10th c. BC (Gáva circle), 5th-4th c. BC and 1st c. BC – 1st c. AD (so-called Dacian period). Entire or almost entire vessels, grinding stones, weight looms, portable fireplaces or fragments of regular fireplaces, clay figurines, miniature vessels, flints and clay-disks were the commonest found functional classes of items. They allude to an intentional depositional practice with a longue-durée appeal and a strong location valorisation, a phenomenon well documented for other sites in the territory of ancient Thrace, too. Other pits contained only pottery fragments and remain harder to interpret. One of the pits delivered the skeleton of an entire dog. The non-invasive investigations showed the space occupied by pits is actually larger and very crowded, exhibiting also certain patterns in their spatial distribution, a tendency for intentional arrangement already noticed for the Late Iron Age features excavated in 2015. The results of the geophysical investigations corroborated with those of the archaeological dig from 2015 in Doboika can place.
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« A Miniature Terracotta Figurine from Nikonion ». Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia 66 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26485/aal/2020/66/11.
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« Figurines in Context : Miniatures as Crucibles of Nile Valley Societies in the Second Millennium BC (Egypt and Nubia) ». Les Carnets de l'ACoSt, no 23 (17 juillet 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/acost.3783.
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