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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Middle East – Economic policy »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Middle East – Economic policy"

GORDIENKO, D. V. « MIDDLE EAST POLICY COMPONENT OF THE USA, CHINA AND RUSSIAN FEDERATION : POLICY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ». EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE : PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 5, n^o 12 (2020) : 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.12.05.016.

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The Middle East component of the policy of the states of the "strategic triangle" Russia-China-USA occupies an important place in the implementation of the national interests of the USA, China and the Russian Federation in various regions of the world. The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of the Middle East component of the policies of these states on the implementation of their current economic and military policies and on ensuring their national security. An approach to comparing the influence of the Middle East component of the policy of the states of the "strategic triangle" Russia-China-USA, which allows identifying the priorities of Russia's policy in the Middle East and other regions of the world, is proposed. Comparison of the Middle East component of the policy of the states of the "strategic triangle" can be used to substantiate recommendations to the military-political leadership of our country. The article concludes that the Middle East component of the policy of the United States, China and Russia acquires significance in the implementation of the current economic and military policy of the countries of the Middle East region.

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Naser, Mohamed. « Kuwait's Foreign Policy towards Regional Issues in the Middle East from 2003 to 2014 ». Asian Social Science 13, n^o 11 (30 octobre 2017) : 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n11p95.

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Regionally, Kuwait has a unique foreign policy that is characterized by neutrality. This study investigates Kuwait’s foreign policy towards regional issues in the Middle East in the period from 2003 to 2014. The study investigates the role of two tools of foreign policy: economics and mediation. The study investigates the role and implications of both economics and economic development assistance in activating foreign policy in Kuwait. It determines social, political, cultural and economic implications of economic development assistance in implementing and activating foreign policy in Kuwait. The study discusses some mechanisms of activating the economic foreign policy in Kuwait such as interdependence, soft power and national interests. It investigates mediation as one of foreign policy activation tools. The study suggests some ways for improving the efficiency of economic development assistance in implementing and activating foreign policy.

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Chaziza, Mordechai. « China’s Economic Diplomacy Approach in the Middle East Conflicts ». China Report 55, n^o 1 (14 janvier 2019) : 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445518818210.

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This study analyses China’s economic diplomacy approach in the Middle East conflicts in order to explore the following question: How does China use diplomatic means to protect and pursue commercial investments, economic assets, and economic tools, and to advance its foreign policy goals in the Middle East conflict zones? This study argues that despite its adherence to the principle of non-intervention, Beijing’s economic diplomacy has a more flexible and pragmatic interpretive approach. Chinese economic diplomacy in the Middle East uses its diplomatic resources to intervene as needed to safeguard its investments and assets, and utilises economic incentives to promote its well-defined foreign policy goals in the region’s hotspots.

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Siret ; BAĞDADİ, HÜRSOY. « Turkey’s Foreign and Economic Policy Challenges in the Middle East ». Milletleraras 43 (2012) : 29–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1501/intrel_0000000278.

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Salman, Mohammad, et Gustaaf Geeraerts. « Strategic Hedging and China’s Economic Policy in the Middle East ». China Report 51, n^o 2 (23 avril 2015) : 102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445515570440.

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Yusifova, Sudaba. « U.S. policy to improve final oil and political policy ». Scientific Bulletin 4 (2019) : 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.54414/szmg7006.

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This article focuses on the policy of the US to control Middle East oil and to strengthen its political position. The US believes that the Middle East is an important region and the situation here can directly threaten America's interests and economic security. After the "democratic" experiment carried out, in recent decades, the Eastern Region has become a place in the ruins, with dozens or perhaps hundreds of extremist and terrorist groups. In other words, the result is exactly the opposite. Conspiracy theorists say that secret powers, such as giant banks and transnational companies have created conditions for the fragmentation of the region; The weakening of the nation states has prevented the spread of global capital and that entry of this capital into the markets of the Middle East has been interrupted.

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Kenderdine, Tristan, et Peiyuan Lan. « China’s Middle East investment policy ». Eurasian Geography and Economics 59, n^o 5-6 (2 novembre 2018) : 557–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2019.1573516.

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Nursultanova, L. N., et A. E. Erkin. « POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION OF KAZAKHSTAN AND THE MIDDLE EAST : HISTORICAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL ASPECT ». edu.e-history.kz 31, n^o 3 (20 octobre 2022) : 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/2710-3994_2022_31_3_333-343.

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The modern history of Kazakhstan includes cardinal reforms, socio-economic changes, as well as the transformation of the political system. Kazakhstan is a subject of new geopolitical realities and an active factor in the international arena. The multi-vector course of our Republic's foreign policy allows us to pursue a balanced strategy with the international community.The First President of Kazakhstan N.Nazarbayev defined the long-term goal of forming and maintaining constructive relations with thecountries of the near and far abroad. The institutional reforms carried out allowed the European Union toassign Kazakhstan the status of a country with a market economy. The foreign policy of the Republic ofKazakhstan is aimed at implementing a competitive economy,attracting foreign investments that meetnational interests.Kazakhstan has achieved success in the regional economy and participates in global projects, joined the World Trade Organization, is building fruitful and constructive ties with the European Union, the OIC and other international organizations.Kazakhstan's cooperation with the countries of the Near and Middle East has many aspects. Within the framework of one monograph, it is impossible to explore different issues of relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the BSV, which have many directions. Perhaps this will be the task of further scientific research.

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Okhoshin, Oleg. « Transformation of British Policy in the Middle East ». Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS, n^o 18 (1 décembre 2020) : 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran620204551.

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The Middle East region is of particular importance to the United Kingdom, because control over it ensures international and energy security, reduces the threat of a migration crisis and meets the country’s geopolitical objectives, which are reflected in the concept of «Global Britain». B. Johnson’s government in the Middle East policy faced the problems of peaceful settlement of ethno-confessional contradictions and the socio-economic consequences of the «Arab Spring» and the terrorist activities of ISIS. Under these conditions, British diplomacy has developed a strategy that includes maneuvering between the foreign policy interests of the US and the EU in the Middle East and adapting to the transformation of regional socio-political systems

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Park, Jong-Dae. « Political Economic Perspectives on the Development of the Middle East and North Africa ». Korea Public Choice Association 1, n^o 1 (31 mars 2022) : 75–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.55795/jpc.2022.1.1.075.

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The objective of this study is to examine the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and its challenges from the perspective of development with a goal to break down and make better sense of what seems to be the complexities and 'idiosyncrasies' of this region. The primary issues and concerns for the MENA countries have largely been perceived and dealt with through the vantage point of addressing conflicts in the geopolitical and historical context. In light of this, applying developmental approach that is multidisciplinary to understand and meet the challenges of the MENA region in a fundamental way would have many benefits, opening a new window of opportunities, academically and policy wise. From such stance, this paper focuses on and explains what are considered to be the three fundamental and core 'conditions' or tasks for the countries in the region: state-building and nation-building; participatory development; and capability of state. The importance of looking at the 'big picture' of the reality in the manner of reflection and metacognition is underscored.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Middle East – Economic policy"

Askren, Jillian. « United States-middle-east relations : the role of economics in foreign policy ». Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1347.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Sciences
Political Science

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De, Monts de Savasse Alix M. A. H. (Alix Marie A. H. ). « Power shifts : a techno-economic analysis of multinational electricity market development in the Middle East ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117916.

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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 103-107).
Electricity demand has been rising rapidly in the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates). As a result, the diversification and sustainable transition of their electricity sectors has been a priority. As part of these efforts, the GCC countries interconnected their electricity grids in 2011, with the aim of sharing reserve capacity, thus enhancing system reliability. The GCC has sought to further utilize this interconnection by developing a regional market in order to exchange power real-time across borders and reap the economic efficiencies of regional trade. However, the utilization rate of the interconnector remains low (around 8%) due to fuel subsidies, different stages of national electricity market development, and the lack of clear trading rules. This thesis analyzed how the interconnector could be better utilized. A network constrained multi-period economic dispatch with optimal DC power flow and uniform loss representation model was developed in order to assess the economic benefits of cross-border trade within the GCC. It covered fifteen years of planned capacity expansions, from 2016 to 2030, resulting in a model that incorporates 428 power plants across the six GCC countries and a high-level network representation with 26 nodes and 68 high-voltage transmission lines. Analysis specifically focused on how operational costs (fuel and variable operation & maintenance costs) and electricity prices could be reduced by trading power across borders on current and planned GCC infrastructure. Based on the data available, our model revealed that about USD $1 Billion could be saved in annual operational costs (about 2% when using international fuel prices) from this regional electricity trade. The model also revealed the overwhelming impact of fuel subsidies, calculating that the GCC would spend more on fuel subsidies for electricity production annually (around USD $60 Billion) than the complete yearly operational costs of the six countries combined without. Removal of subsidies would significantly affect the volume and direction of exports across the network, flipping some countries from net importers to exporters, as well as impacting the utilization rate of transmission lines.
by Alix M.A.H. de Monts de Savasse.
S.M. in Technology and Policy

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Mason, Robert. « Economic factors in Middle East foreign policies : the case of oil and gas exporters with special reference to Saudi Arabia and Iran ». Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3838.

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This thesis identifies the relationship between economic factors and non-economic factors, and the relative weight of each, in the conduct of Middle East foreign policies but with special reference to Saudi Arabia and Iran between 2001 and 2012. In the Saudi case, economic factors are contextualized within its traditional themes of maintaining security and stability through international alliances and promoting stable and long term energy export markets. In the case of Iran, economic factors such as the role of sanctions in facilitating closer ties with a range of anti-western states are put into perspective by other factors such as national security issues and emerging splits in the decision making elite. The research draws on a conceptual hybrid of constructivism and omni-balancing and by doing so pays particular attention to the perceptions of foreign policy decision makers in their assessments of the domestic, regional and international environments. The conceptual framework therefore accounts for historical events such as the Islamic revolution and perceived hostility to it, and enduring Saudi-Iranian tensions based on sectarian and ideological struggles for dominance across the Middle East. Oil policy, including oil production, pricing and security of supply and demand, is found to be the paramount economic factor in the foreign policies of Saudi Arabia and Iran, but weighted in favour of the former. As swing producer in OPEC, Saudi Arabia needs to maintain sustainable oil supplies to its allies in the West, and increasingly East, whilst leveraging its oil reserves against adversaries such as Iran. In contrast, Iran has the incentive, but a dwindling capability, to maximise its oil revenues to fund the national budget amid tightening U.S.-led sanctions designed to curb its nuclear programme. The thesis also finds that economic factors such as ‘riyal politik’ as well as non-oil trade and investment deals are less effective in Saudi and Iranian foreign policy. This is because they tend to be offered or utilised as short-term leveraging mechanisms in new or unstable bilateral relationships with a variety of state or nonstate actors which do not always share their ideological perspective or interests. To overcome significant geo-strategic and ideological incompatibilities, reciprocal confidence building measures and active engagement on a broad set of contentious issues is prescribed.

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Davidson, Michael Raphael. « Institutional structures for equitable and sustainable water resource management in the Middle East ». CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3063.

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Water management is a challenge in the Middle East today because of increasing population, decreasing water quality, political instability and security concerns. Israel and the Palestinian Authority share the three major freshwater sources in an inequitable and unsustainable manner. This study details the hydro-geological, political, cultural and legal challenges to equitable and sustainable water resource management in the region.

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Alshoaibi, Hamood. « TOWARDS IMPROVING THE EDUCATION FUNDING POLICY IN OMAN : LESSONS LEARNED FROM OTHER OIL DEPENDENT NATIONS ». OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1584.

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The education system in Oman underwent tremendous development during the past four decades, however, the national economy dependency on oil threatens the sustainability of its education funding. This study aims to explore the relationship between education funding and oil price fluctuations in Qatar, U.A.E., and Oman from 1975 to 2015. Moreover, it aims to suggest new economic alternatives to diversify the education funding sources in Oman. This quantitative study, under the framework of Human Capital Theory, utilized descriptive and associational approaches to study the association between oil prices and education expenditures in the three countries. Multiple regression analyses showed that oil prices significantly predicted the government expenditure on education in Oman and Qatar with (β = -0.40, p = 0.013) and (β = 2.47, p = 0.02) respectively, while it was not significant in predicting the government expenditure on education (β = 0.36, p = 0.40) in the U.A.E. This study highlighted how Qatar and U.A.E were successful in moving away from oil dependency. The researcher recommended that the Omani government must encourage the inflow of direct foreign investment into its education field, like establishment of new education hubs, educational cities, and opening new branches for some of the leading educational institutions from around the world. The researcher plans to conduct future qualitative research to enrich knowledge in this area.

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Zvan, Elliott Katja. « Women's rights and reform in provincial Morocco : from disenfranchisement to lack of empowerment ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d016ef02-51b6-4745-927a-e286608c8a28.

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Morocco is oftentimes praised by academics, development workers, and women’s rights activists as a trailblazer for the empowerment of women in the Middle East and North African region. Its reforms in the realm of family legislation and progress made in human development place the country at the helm of liberalising Arab Muslim-majority societies, even more so after the Arab Spring and Morocco’s peaceful transition to a ‘new’ constitutional order. However, a closer look at women’s rights discourses, legal reforms, its texts and implementation, and the public attitudes towards the enhancement of women’s rights reveals a less empowering situation. The purported goals of the Family Code, as the extolled document showcasing Morocco’s attempt at ameliorating (married) women’s rights, of ‘doing justice to women’ while ‘preserving men’s dignity’ mask the reformed law’s reconsolidation of patriarchal family relations. Many legal grey areas within this particular law, as well as clashing principles emanating from other laws such as the Penal Code, allow judges and the ʿaduls (religious notaries) to exercise discretion and apply the law as they see fit and, to a large extent, as it conforms to their and the community’s vision of the ideal moral order. Moreover, because ‘doing justice to women’ affects men’s and family’s honour, the project of the enhancement of women’s rights has had as a result retraditionalisation of family relations and hierarchical gender structures. Nowhere is this more poignant than in the status of educated single adult girls from provincial areas. They may be poster girls for the development community, but they are pitied by their own communities because they fail to become complete women––married (non-employed) mothers. The story of Morocco’s professed progress is a story of empowering its citizens, but one which does so on paper only. It is also a story which hides the salient details of poorly written reformed laws, obstructed access to justice, continuing widespread misogyny, material poverty and social marginalisation, and cohesive socio-economic programmes, which are rarely followed through.

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Maxwell, R. M. Tompson A. F. B. Richardson J. H. El-Naser H. Rihani J. F. F. Subah A. El Sha'r W. A. Al-Hadidi Khair Al-Awamleh M. Al-Foqaha M. Abu-Eid O. Hayyaneh R. A. « Experiential Education in Groundwater Hydrology Bridging the Technical-Policy-Populace Gap Final Report ». Washington, D.C : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2003. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/15006124-edMhAR/native/.

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Thesis; Thesis information not provided; 17 Jul 2003.
Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "UCRL-LR-154423" Maxwell, R M; Tompson, A F B; Richardson, J H; El-Naser, H; Rihani, J. F F; Subah, A.; El Sha'r, W A; Al-Hadidi, Khair; Al-Awamleh, M; Al-Foqaha, M; Abu-Eid, O; Hayyaneh, R A. 07/17/2003. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.

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Good, Jennifer E. « Fossil Fuel Subsidies : Impacts and Reform Strategies ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/687.

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This thesis uses cross-country panel regressions to identify the effects of fossil-fuel subsidies for both oil importers and oil exporters on GDP growth, industry growth, crowding out of government expenditures in education, health, and infrastructure, government debt, carbon dioxide emissions, inequality and poverty. Fossil-fuel subsidies are found to be associated with lower levels of growth and industry growth, less government expenditure on health and education, poorer infrastructure quality, more government debt, and higher rates of carbon dioxide emissions. No relationship is found between fossil fuel subsidies and poverty and inequality. These results confirm the arguments of those that argue that fossil-fuel subsidies should be rationalized. However, removing subsidies is politically challenging. In order to identify strategies for fossil fuel reform, the successful reform efforts of Indonesia and Turkey are examined. These cases are then used to draw lessons for governments undertaking subsidy reform. The key strategies used were to exempt some regions, groups, or fuels from reform, use funds from subsidy removal for social safety nets and other poverty alleviation programs, time the reforms strategically, and communicate clearly to the public the reason for reform and how the funds will be used. These lessons are applied to countries in the developing Middle East and North Africa, including Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco.

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Neulet, Agathe. « Turkey, a return toward the Middle-East ? » Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194544.

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Schonmann, Noa. « The Phantom Pact : Israel's periphery policy in the Middle East ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522796.

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Livres sur le sujet "Middle East – Economic policy"

B, Nugent Jeffrey, et Pesaran M. Hashem 1946-, dir. Explaining growth in the Middle East. Boston, Mass : Elsevier, 2007.

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al-Iqtiṣādīyah, Markaz al-Miṣrī lil-Dirāsāt, dir. A Middle Eastern miracle ? : Development policy lessons from East Asia. Cairo, Egypt : Egyptian Center for Economic Studies, 1996.

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Abdel-Hamid, Sirageldin Ismail, et Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran, and Turkey., dir. Human capital : Population economics in the Middle East. London : I.B. Tauris, 2002.

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Regional economic outlook : Middle East and Central Asia. Washington, D.C : Intl Monetary Fund, 2008.

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Tim, Niblock, et Murphy Emma, dir. Economic and political liberalization in the Middle East. London : British Academic Press, 1993.

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J, Barkey Henri, dir. The politics of economic reform in the Middle East. New York : St. Martin's Press, 1992.

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J, Barkey Henri, dir. The Politics of economic reform in the Middle East. New York : St. Martin's Press, 1992.

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Quaasteniet, Tom de. A study of Dutch development policy towards the Middle East. Jerusalem : Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs, 1994.

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Richards, Alan. A political economy of the Middle East. 2^e éd. Boulder, CO : Westview Press, 2014.

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Massoud, Karshenas, et Moghadam Valentine M. 1952-, dir. Social policy in the Middle East : Economic, political, and gender dynamics. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire : Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Middle East – Economic policy"

Wurzel, Ulrich G. « Patterns of Resistance : Economic Actors and Fiscal Policy Reform in Egypt in the 1990s ». Dans Networks of Privilege in the Middle East, 101–31. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403982148_4.

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Tapia, Jorge Araneda. « Presidential Influence, Economic-Military Legacies, and Bureaucracy Challenges in Chile's Foreign Policy toward the Middle East ». Dans Latin American Relations with the Middle East, 64–90. New York : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003264675-5.

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Keskin, Tugrul. « An imperial design or necessity of political economy ? » Dans US Foreign Policy in the Middle East, 282–91. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series : Routledge studies in US foreign policy : Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351169646-17.

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Israsena-Pichitkanjanakul, Vorachai. « China's Foreign Policy in the Middle East and the Position of the GCC States ». Dans China's Economic and Political Presence in the Middle East and South Asia, 74–97. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003269175-5.

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Abdollahi, Mohsen. « Economic sanctions and the effectiveness of the global climate change regime ». Dans Climate Change Law and Policy in the Middle East and North Africa Region, 119–35. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003044109-9.

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Sedaoui, Radia. « Energy and the Economy in the Middle East and North Africa ». Dans The Palgrave Handbook of International Energy Economics, 667–91. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86884-0_33.

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AbstractThe Arab region consists of a diverse set of countries with different national contexts, including in the case of energy. However, most countries remain exceptionally reliant on fossil fuels with a highly limited role played by clean energy alternatives; while the region also lags behind other region’s progress in energy efficiency. In the Arab LDCs, energy access remains incomplete, severely obstructing socio-economic progress.Arab countries need to better integrate sustainable energy as a fundamental element of national development policies by directly linking policy goals across sectors such as energy, transport and urban planning; as well as elevating topics such as natural resource management, air and environmental protection along with more inclusive ways to ensure energy is used and produced sustainably to matters of explicit national interest.

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Colangelo, Giuseppe. « The Eu Cooperation Policy With the Northern African Mediterranean Countries and the Middle East ». Dans Contemporary Issues in Islamic Law, Economics and Finance, 79–93. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003155218-8.

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Vasiliev, Alexey. « Foreign policy and domestic policy ». Dans Russia’s Middle East Policy, 253–75. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series : Durham modern Middle East and Islamic world series ; 46 : Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315121826-10.

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Ghanem, Dalia. « A Controlled Economic Liberalization ». Dans Middle East Today, 103–52. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05102-9_5.

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Dallin, David J. « The Middle East ». Dans Soviet Foreign Policy after Stalin, 198–217. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003324256-11.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Middle East – Economic policy"

Esaa, Ayat Abdelrahim Suliman, Harun Bal et Erhan İşcan. « The Export-Led Growth Hypothesis : A Panel Cointegration Approach in the Middle East and North Africa Countries (1980-2017) ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02296.

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This study examines the hypothesis of the Export-Led Growth in the seven selected Middle East and North Africa countries, the hypothesis state that export growth driven by export promotion policies enhances overall economic growth. Empirical investigations have tended to focus attention on the direction of causality between exports and economic growth using Granger causality tests. However, the empirical results based on these tests are, at best, mixed and often contradictory. The paper employs panel data analysis by utilizing the Pedroni panel cointegration, Pedroni Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares and Fully Modify Ordinary Least Squares, and Canning-Pedroni causality methods, a recent development in panel data econometrics, properties of integration and cointegration and consistency of parameters. The study considers the following three variables; Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Real exports (EXP) and Real import (IMP). Annual secondary data are obtained from the World Bank Development Indicator for seven MENA countries, Namely, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Qatar. The empirical results emphasize the existence of a positive relationship between Export and GDP. Results of waled and Z-bar Group statistics indicate the long-run unidirectional causality between Export and GDP, operates from Export to the GDP. It confirms the validity of Export-led growth hypothesis of the seven selected MENA countries. Empirical evidence suggests significant policy prescriptions; these countries should focus more on supporting export orientated industries through aid-for-trade, trade-capacity building schemes and other types of policies in order to promote economic growth.

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Klutse, Senanu Kwasi. « The problem of economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa ». Dans The Challenges of Analyzing Social and Economic Processes in the 21st Century. Szeged : Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/casep21c.9.

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A wide range of policy-related variables have a persistent influence on economic growth. This has consistently maintained the interest of economists on the determinants of economic growth over the years. There is consensus however that for countries to grow sustainably, a lot of stall must be placed on higher savings rate as this makes it easy for such countries to grow faster because they endogenously allocate more resources to inventive activities. Due to data difficulties in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) it is nearly impossible for one to consider important variables such as accumulation of knowledge and human capital when analysing growth sustainability. Studying four lower middle-income countries in SSA – Ghana, Republic of Congo, Kenya and Lesotho – this study tests the hypothesis of sustainable growth by using a Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) model to examine the relationship between savings, investment, budget deficit and the growth variable. The results showed that savings had a significant but negative relationship with the GDP per capita (PPP). A Granger Causality test conducted showed that savings does not granger cause GDP per capita (PPP), the HDI index, deficit and investment. This leads to the conclusion that growth in these countries are not sustainable. The study recommends that policy makers focus on the savings variable if these countries will want to achieve sustainable growth.

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Chung, Moon-Sun, et Jong-Won Kim. « Status and Issues of Hydrogen Energy R&D in Korea ». Dans ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54010.

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In the era of fossil fuel shortage and soaring oil prices under the condition of severe environmental problems we are facing now, an increasing need for sustainable development of new energy technology as a substitute of fossil fuel has become an issue of great concern throughout the world. Most of energy consumed in Korea, over 96%, is imported from foreign countries, especially Middle East. Korea is now ranked the 10th energy consumed country in the world. That is why we are interesting in hydrogen economy. As a result, hydrogen and fuel cell technology was selected as one of economic growth engines for next generation, and strongly supported by Korea government. Also, the government set Hydrogen Economy Policy in 2005. There are four R&D programs on hydrogen and fuel cell in Korea. Two of them are supported by MEST (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology) and others are funded by MKE (Ministry of Knowledge Economy). The hydrogen production technologies examined in Korea cover 3 main bases, fossil fuel, renewable energy including bio-hydrogen technology, and nuclear power. In October 2003, Korean government launched Hydrogen Energy R&D Center (HERC) as a member of the 21st Century Frontier R&D programs supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST). The HERC has conducted research on the key technologies for the production, storage, and utilization of hydrogen energy for expediting realization of hydrogen economy based on renewable energy sources. The main purposes of this paper are to overview the current status of research programs conducted by Hydrogen Energy R&D Center based on the patent applications as well as research topics and to introduce specific achievements in each research program.

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Abdulghani, Mohannad, et Abdullah Alabdulkarem. « Estimates of Area, Output and Levelized Energy Cost of Wind Energy Schemes in Saudi Arabia ». Dans ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-68223.

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Abstract Renewable energy is experiencing a surge in the Middle East and North Africa. Investigations of the economic feasibility of utility level renewable energy projects are necessary for such projects to become part of the zeitgeist of power generation in the region and be viewed as a sustainable clean alternative. Saudi Arabia, with the advent of Vision 2030, has placed renewable energy as a key pillar of its energy policy with several renewable energy projects planned and commissioned in the past couple of years. Although Solar Energy seems like an obvious choice for Saudi Arabia, owing to its location and the amount of solar irradiance it experiences annually, there remain unanswered questions about this option’s viability. Several investigations into the financial efficacy of large-scale solar projects in the kingdom have raised concerns about their economic feasibility. Wind turbines have the potential of resolving the economic questions about renewable energy as a source of power for domestic consumption to cover the Kingdom’s growing energy demands. The power generation capacity of Saudi Arabia has grown exponentially due to several factors such as modernization and a population boom in the past five decades, thus necessitating finding clean energy alternatives. In this work, estimates of area, energy output, and levelized energy cost for a large, utility-scale, energy scheme is obtained using a RETScreen model, which is informed by up-to-date figures from the region. The levelized cost of energy, area required, and energy output of a wind power plant with a nameplate capacity — the full load of the power plant as intended — equivalent to the country’s peak load demand is estimated. The levelized energy cost resulting from the model is compared with the current unsubsidized costs of energy in the kingdom.

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Jiang, Zhiyu. « Biden’s Middle East Policy : Inheritance and Changes to Trump’s Middle East Policy ». Dans 2021 International Conference on Public Relations and Social Sciences (ICPRSS 2021). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211020.135.

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Bagiati, Aikaterini, Andrés Felipe Salazar Gómez, Admir Masic, Lana Cook, Anjali Sastry, George Westerman, Cynthia Breazeal, Vijay Kumar, Kathleen Kennedy et Sanjay Sarma. « Implementing Agile Continuous Education (ACE) at MIT and beyond : The MIT Refugee Action Hub (ReACT) case ». Dans SEFI 50th Annual conference of The European Society for Engineering Education. Barcelona : Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788412322262.1190.

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The rapid pace of change in technology, business models, and work practices is causing ever-increasing strain on the global workforce. Companies in every industry need to train professionals with updated skill-sets in a rapid and continuous manner. However, traditional educational models — university classes and in-person degrees— are increasingly incompatible with the needs of professionals, the market, and society as a whole. New models of education require more flexible, granular and affordable alternatives. MIT is currently developing a new educational framework called Agile Continuous Education (ACE). ACE describes workforce level education offered in a flexible, cost-effective and time-efficient manner by combining individual, group, and real-life mentored learning through multiple traditional and emerging learning modalities. This paper introduces the ACE framework along with its different learning approaches and modalities (e.g. asynchronous and synchronous online courses, virtual synchronous bootcamps, and real-life mentored apprenticeships and internships) and presents the MIT Refugee Action Hub (ReACT) as an illustrative example. MIT ReACT is an institute-wide effort to develop global education programs for underserved communities, including refugees, displaced persons, migrants and economically disadvantaged populations, with the goal of promoting the learner’s social integration and formal inclusion into the job market. MIT ReACT’s core programs are the Certificate in Computer and Data Science (CDS) and the MicroMasters in Data, Economics and Development Policy, which consist of a combination of online courses, bootcamps, and global apprenticeships. Currently, MIT ReACT has regional presence in the Middle East and North Africa, East Africa, South America, Asia, Europe and North America.

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Robert, Schaaf, et Hashim Hosnia. « Alternative Economic Criteria for Superior Project Analysis ». Dans Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/81548-ms.

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Courville, Perry W., et Thomas R. Clark. « Coiled Tubing Completions : An Economic Discussion of Procedures ». Dans Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/29781-ms.

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Alatiqi, I. M., et G. A. Gasmelseed. « Economic Feasibility of Crude Desalting With Multistage Agitated Extractors ». Dans Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/15712-ms.

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Valiakhmetova, Gulnara Nilovna. « South Korea'S Middle East Policy : Uae'S Case ». Dans International Scientific Congress «KNOWLEDGE, MAN AND CIVILIZATION». European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.05.350.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Middle East – Economic policy"

Kallas, Diana. The Magic Potion of Austerity and Poverty Alleviation : Narratives of political capture and inequality in the Middle East and North Africa. Oxfam, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.8298.

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Dominant narratives promoting economic growth at the expense of state institutions and basic social services have long underpinned a neoliberal model of spiralling debt and austerity in the MENA region. This exacerbates political capture and inequality and takes shape in an environment of media concentration and shrinking civic space. It is important for change movements to understand dominant narratives in order to challenge and shift them. With the right tools, civil society organizations, activists, influencers and alternative media can start changing the myths and beliefs which frame the socio-economic debate and predetermine which policy options are accepted as possible and legitimate, and which are not.

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Leyh, William S. Middle East Stability and the Economic Ambitions of Iran. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mars 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561486.

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Samaan, Ahed. The policy of containment and the Middle East, 1946-1958. Portland State University Library, janvier 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.967.

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Ratledge, William F. How Improved Fuel Efficiency May Change U.S. Middle East Policy. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mars 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada563955.

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Jacobson, Jodi. Family, Gender, and Population Policy : Views from the Middle East. Population Council, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy1994.1005.

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This paper explores the relevance of international debates to the realities of the Middle East, an important but understudied region that has often been subject to stereotyping. The region’s wealth of traditions and diverse contemporary experience offer insights to those who venture beyond the surface appearance. This paper provides a broad introduction to the connections between family, gender, and population policy in the Middle East. It is based on studies by a diverse group of Middle East scholars and the discussions they generated in Cairo at an international symposium sponsored by the Population Council in February 1994. The paper was written prior to the historic UN International Conference on Population and Development in Egypt, in the hope both of increasing understanding of an important region of the world and refining our grasp of international issues.

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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LABS CULVER CITY CA. US Policy in the Middle East : The Struggle for Peace and Prosperity. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, octobre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387768.

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Herbert, Sian. Covid-19, Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary No.29. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), février 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.020.

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This fortnightly Covid-19, Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary aims to signpost the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and other UK government departments to the latest evidence and opinions on Covid-19 (C19), to inform and support their responses. Based on feedback from the recent survey, and analysis by the Xcept project, this edition, as a trial, focusses less on the challenges that C19 poses, and more on more on the policy responses to these challenges. The below summary features resources on legislative leadership during the C19 crisis; and the heightening of risks emanating from C19’s indirect impacts – including non-C19 healthcare, economy and food security, and women and girls and unrest and instability. Many of the core C19 themes continue to be covered this week, including anti-corruption approaches; and whether and how C19 is shaping conflict dynamics (this time with articles focussing on Northwestern Nigeria, Myanmar’s Rakhine State, and the Middle East). The summary uses two main sections – (1) literature: – this includes policy papers, academic articles, and long-form articles that go deeper than the typical blog; and (2) blogs & news articles. It is the result of one day of work and is thus indicative but not comprehensive of all issues or publications.

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Burch, John C. Background Issues Concerning Soviet Foreign Policy and Syrian Initiatives in the Middle East. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mars 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada168398.

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Arauz, Andrés, Rami Kiwan, Nihal El Aasar, Mohamed El Dahshan et Barik Schuber. Investing Special Drawing Rights : Towards a fair economic recovery in the Middle East and North Africa. Oxfam International, janvier 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.621480.

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Headey, Derek D., Olivier Ecker, Andrew R. Comstock et Marie T. Ruel. Understanding the demand for “protective foods” in East Africa : An economic analysis with policy recommendations. Washington, DC : International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134487.

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