Articles de revues sur le sujet « Metafore economiche »

Artykuł prezentuje opracowany przez autorów sposób analizy jakościowej narracyjnych wywiadów biograficznych. Jego podstawą teoretyczną jest kognitywna teoria metafory Georga Lakoffa oraz pojęcia stosowane w teoriach chronozoficznych. Metody warstwowego zdejmowania metafor z tekstu i rekonstrukcji piramidy metafor zastosowane tu do badania językowego ujmowania czasu, pokazują możliwości interpretacyjne metodologii jakościowej. Metaforyzacja zjawiska, tak trudnego do językowego ujęcia, jakim jest czas, badana jest tutaj na trzech głównych poziomach: prostych wyrażeń metaforycznych, zdań i ciągów (całości) metaforycznych. Czwarty poziom i zarazem czubek piramidy metafor tworzą metametafory tekstowe zrekonstruowane przez badaczy. Wywiady, które dostarczyły materiału do analiz, przeprowadzone zostały w latach 1989-1992 wśród liderów organizacji, grup, ruchów młodzieżowych i młodzieżówek partii politycznych. Analiza pokazuje możliwości zastosowanych metod w procesie tworzenia intersubiektywnie sprawdzalnej interpretacji, zaś wyniki badania – sposoby postrzegania i użytkowania konstruktów temporalnych, takich jak czas biografii, czasy społeczne, publiczne, środowiskowe i osobiste.

The goal of the present paper is to establish stages of evolution of approaches towards the understanding of nature of the economic entity. Importance of this analysis is based on the fact that both the understanding of this entity and terminology used to describe it has many contradictions. I propose and demonstrate the hypothesis that this evolution includes three stages (the first of them includes a separate substage). It is demonstrated that the economic entity represents now a more large notion than the firm, being rather an operator of non-market commercial transactions. The term «metafirm» is proposed to describe this operator. An example of metafirm is given, differences between the metafirm and the firm and the hybrid are described.

L'articolo prende spunto da un sogno, nel quale gli abitanti si trovano in un mondo improvvisamente spaccato in due, isolati gli uni dagli altri, per effetto di un cataclisma naturale. Come l'autrice cerca di evidenziare, la crescente tendenza della società occidentale contemporanea verso i processi dissociativi appare collegata alla dinamica di opposizione psichica fra naturale e artificiale, individuo e cosmo, soggetto e comunità.Il taglio, la scissione tra mondi, spazio interno e esterno, sono espressione di un paradigma economico volto al controllo, all'utile, al vantaggio competitivo, che nega il nesso di corrispondenza fra la sfera naturale e spirituale, politica e sociale. La coscienza individuale e collettiva, chiusa nella propria autoreferenzialità, sempre più incapace di integrare i contenuti dell'alterità e molteplicità, è soggetta a processi di scissione psichica, all'attivazione di emozioni, fantasie inconsce: ossessioni identitarie, fanatismi persecutori, infezioni psichiche. Si tratta, invece, di interrogarsi sulle possibilità di azione e collaborazione sociale e politica, di creatività psichica, là dove l'umano, il vivente, l'organico e l'inorganico si imprimono, si fanno natura e storia in una dinamica trasformativa, tra contraddizioni e generazioni.

L'articolo prende spunto da un sogno, nel quale gli abitanti si trovano in un mondo improvvisamente spaccato in due, isolati gli uni dagli altri, per effetto di un cataclisma naturale. Come l'autrice cerca di evidenziare, la crescente tendenza della società occidentale contemporanea verso i processi dissociativi appare collegata alla dinamica di opposizione psichica fra naturale e artificiale, individuo e cosmo, soggetto e comunità.Il taglio, la scissione tra mondi, spazio interno e esterno, sono espressione di un paradigma economico volto al controllo, all'utile, al vantaggio competitivo, che nega il nesso di corrispondenza fra la sfera naturale e spirituale, politica e sociale. La coscienza individuale e collettiva, chiusa nella propria autoreferenzialità, sempre più incapace di integrare i contenuti dell'alterità e molteplicità, è soggetta a processi di scissione psichica, all'attivazione di emozioni, fantasie inconsce: ossessioni identitarie, fanatismi persecutori, infezioni psichiche. Si tratta, invece, di interrogarsi sulle possibilità di azione e collaborazione sociale e politica, di creatività psichica, là dove l'umano, il vivente, l'organico e l'inorganico si imprimono, si fanno natura e storia in una dinamica trasformativa, tra contraddizioni e generazioni.

The metaphor is born because of the limitations of human language, while the human mind is unlimited. This research data is a metaphor in the Para Priyayi novel. This study uses a qualitative research design or research context. Metaphors are covered depends context of existing metaphors in the Para Priyayi novel. Metaphoric consists of nine patterns, namely (1) one sentence, one metaphor, (2) one sentence, two metaphors, (3) one sentence, three metaphors, (4) tenor at the front, the vehicle in the behind, (5) vehicle at the front, tenor in the behind, (6) noun - verb, (7) verb - noun, (8) noun - adjective, and (9) the frozen form. As there are four kinds of metaphor, namely (1) a metaphor of man, (2) a metaphor of animal, (3) a metaphor of plant, and (4) a metaphor of natural circumstances. The sphere of life that exists in the Para Priyayi novel metaphor includes five programs: (1) economics, (2) the family, (3) community, (4) the natural environment, and (5) of religion and belief. The values of local wisdom includes nine things, namely (1) character, (2) ethics, (3) chivalry, (4) the concept of Manunggaling Kawula kalawan Gusti, (5) education, (6) the attitude of the community, (7) moral education, (8) self-control, and (9) leadership. The research proves that metaphor in the Para Priyayi novel has certain forms and types, contains the realm of Javanese life, and the values of Java local wisdom.

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of metaphorization as one of the main means of objectification of new concepts, the creation of new nominations and the expression of evaluation by means of signs that are at the disposal of the German language system. The metaphor belongs, as well as derivation, to the most common ways of enrichment of the vocabulary, serving for the creation of both primary and secondary names in different spheres of language functioning. The author proved that a considerable amount of metaphors are created in the branches, that fall into the center of special public attention and become a topic for broad discussions in society, such as ecology, politics, economics, etc. The article expresses that these topics are most fully implemented in socio-political discourse, which integrates different types of discourses, forms its own system of means for semantic-pragmatic content, which serves to communicate between authorities and society. Scientific research analyzes the essence of the process of metaphorical nomination, studies the typology of metaphorized units, identifies the semantic features of metaphors used in German-language socio-political media discourse, outlines the functional purpose of metaphorized units in modern German texts. The attention in the article is also focused on the fact that the metaphorization process at the present stage of language development is largely stimulated by the influence of extralinguistic factors, such as processes of globalization, migration, exacerbation of environmental issues, the development of science and the influence of technologies on human life. On the other hand, this process is also determined by such intralingual factors as the desire for greater expressiveness of linguistic statements, linguistic economy.

The subject of this article is the image of an old female body in the video called Jar of soup (2004), created by a contemporary Ukrainian artist Serhiy Bratkov. It is a short video showing an old, lonely woman eating a beetroot soup from the jar. In this work, old age was presented primarily in the bodily dimension. Using the image of an old body, which is marginalized in official visuality, the artist raises a number of issues important both for Ukrainian society and for the overall reflection on the problem of old age and women aging. I see the work of Bratkov primarily in the Ukrainian context: as a bitter reflection on the attitude to old age in the post-Soviet society and as a comment to the symbols of femininity established in the Ukrainian culture, closely related to national ideas.

A tanulmány a látás, hallás és szaglás fogalmi tartományát érintő megszemélyesítő konceptualizációkat vizsgálja a magyar és az angol nyelvben. Kezdeti kérdésfeltevése az, hogy milyen szerepet játszik a megszemélyesítés mint konceptuális metafora a három észlelési modalitás érzeteinek, illetve az érzeteket kiváltó ingereknek nyelvi konceptualizációjában. Az adatok a TenTen korpuszcsalád magyar és angol alkorpuszában végzett kulcsszavas keresésekből származnak, amelynek során 9 magyar és 9 angol kulcsszó összesen közel 7000 kontextuális előfordulását annotáltam manuálisan. Az elemzésben Dorst–Mulder–Steen (2011) osztályozását követve megkülönböztetem az újszerű, a konvencionalizálódott, az alapbeállítású (default) és a metonimikus megszemélyesítéseket, de a vizsgálatot kiterjesztem a megelevenítésekre, továbbá a megszemélyesítésnek nem nevezhető, ámde közeli rokonságban álló konceptualizációkra is (aktív ágens, figuratív mozgás). Mindkét nyelvben a látás kulcsszavai eredményezték a legkevesebb megszemélyesítést; a hallás és szaglás a magyarban hasonló gyakoriságot mutat, az angolban azonban kiemelkedik a szaglás.

The constellation of Lacan’s subject register in Damar Shashangka’s translation of Serat GatholocoGatholoco is a figure in Serat Gatholoco, a literary work suspected to be written in the early 19th century. The Gatholoco character is said to have a constellation of desires that presents subversive symptoms, positioning Serat Gatholoco as a controversial text at that time. The aim of this study is to describe the constellation of desires in Serat Gatholoco translation from Damar Shashangka, using the economics perspective of the Lacanian subject. This study used the qualitative interpretive method. The result shows Gatholoco as a sublimation of ideas that become the image-subject in the symbolic register, which is a manifestation of alienation symptoms suppressed in the discourse of the Ruler. Naming as a true-born man declared by Gatholoco is a form of active narcissistic desire, a metonymy that connects identification and desire for Gatholoco’s self-hood. The identity of the naming is the substitution of one marker with the Other. Its word is a paternal metaphor, the substitution of the Father’s name (resistance efforts) for the Mother’s desire (primordial existence). This metaphor offers substantial resistance to the Father’s Law (puritan existence). In the end, the nicknames of Gatholoco are a form of the narcissistic desire of the author.Keywords: Gatholoco, a constellation of desires, psychoanalysisKonstelasi subjek register Lacanian dalam Serat Gatholoco terjemahan Damar ShashangkaGatholoco ialah tokoh yang terdapat dalam Serat Gatholoco yang diperkirakan ditulis pada awal abad ke-19. Tokoh Gatholoco dikisahkan memiliki konstelasi hasrat yang menyajikan gejala subversif sehingga Serat Gatholoco menjadi teks yang kontroversial pada zamannya. Tulisan ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan konstelasi hasrat dalam Serat Gatholoco terjemahan Damar Shashangka ditilik dari ekonomi subjek register Lacanian. Metode kualitatif interpretatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Gatholoco sebagai sublimasi gagasan yang menjadi citra-subjek dalam register simbolik yang merupakan manifestasi gejala alienasi yang ditekan dalam diskursus Sang Penguasa. Penamaan seperti lelaki sejati yang dideklarasikan Gatholoco merupakan bentuk hasrat narsistik aktif, metonimia yang menghubungkan identifikasi dan hasrat atas kedirian Gatholoco. Identitas atas penamaan tersebut merupakan substitusi satu penanda dengan Liyan. Kata tersebut merupakan metafora yang bersifat paternal, substitusi nama Ayah (upaya resistensi) demi hasrat sang Ibu (eksistensi primordialitas). Metafora tersebut menawarkan perlawanan secara subtansial terhadap Hukum Sang-Ayah (eksistensi puritan). Pada akhirnya, nama-nama sebutan dari identitas Gatholoco merupakan bentuk hasrat narsistik pengarang serat itu sendiri.Kata kunci: Gatholoco, konstelasi hasrat, psikoanalisis

In this article we analyse the topos of the home in two novels set in Lviv: “Home for Dom” by Viktoria Amelina and “The house with the Stained-glass Window” by Zhanna Sloniovska. In both of them, the eponymous ‘home/house’ contains family secrets which are meant to be representatives of the Eastern European fate. The metaphor of a home has several meanings in both novels: it refers to an apartment, a home-city (Lviv) and a homeland. On both dimensions, the home has not been presented as stable and unchanging space. It is rather a symbol of transience than permanence. In both novels, the family stories reflect the problems of identity and memory of the inhabitants of modern Ukraine.

Il paper affronta nello specifico il processo di presentazione di una innovazione Ict, applicata al sistema sanitario, che mette i pazienti al centro di un nuovo dispositivo di archiviazione e gestione dei dati sanitari. Un sistema che in letteratura viene definito Personal Health Record (Phr). La Phr si presenta come una innovazione tecnologica che ridefinisce il ruolo del cittadino nei confronti del sistema sanitario tradizionale. Il cittadino, infatti, non viene più considerato qui come l'oggetto descritto nei documenti scambiati tra medici, quanto piuttosto l'attore maggiormente interessato al fluire delle proprie informazioni sanitarie nella rete dei curanti, al fine di assicurarsi la migliore assistenza possibile. L'attivitŕ di campo, durata circa due anni, ha permesso di ricostruire e analizzare la transizione che ha visto questa tecnologia passare dall'enunciazione iniziale alla concretezza tangibile della sperimentazione. Attraverso la metafora del "presentarsi in societŕ", vicenda tipica dei ricevimenti e dei balli organizzati dai ceti nobili nell'epoca moderna, si cerca di riflettere su come i sistemi Ict di nuova concezione affrontino l'arena eterogenea dei sistemi informativi residenti e si intersechino con altri sistemi preesistenti dotati di specifiche "capacitŕ" politiche.

AbstractL'estetica di Ortega y Gasset si inserisce con originalità nel dibattito modernista della prima metà del Novecento. Il paper segue lo sviluppo del pensiero di Ortega Y Gasset avendo come focus il saggio del 1925 La deshumanización del arte, in cui il filosofo spagnolo cerca di fornire una sintesi concettuale dell'arte dell'avanguardie attraverso una precisa grammatica teorica: la metafora poetica, l’oggetto estetico, l’arte come principio di irrealtà. The aesthetics of Ortega y Gasset is part, with originality, of the modernist debate of the first half of the twentieth century. The paper follows the development of Ortega Y Gasset's thought having as focus the essay of 1925 "La deshumanización del arte", in which the Spanish philosopher tries to provide a conceptual synthesis of avant-garde art through a precise theoretical grammar: poetic metaphor, aesthetic object, art as principle of unreality.

The article deals with the notion of manipulation in advertising slogans of fast food restaurants. It focuses on techniques and means of language influence on the recipient. The article shows results of the study of 239 advertising slogans of fast food restaurants in English-speaking countries (a total number of 104 companies). Different language patterns which are used in advertising slogans and aimed at persuasion of customers on the subconscious level, are defined and analyzed; among them the most numerous are language patterns which create statements with distortions, deletions, and generalizations manifesting themselves in a variety of forms. The research also describes manipulative language patterns specifically related to advertising, such as unique selling proposition or life values. The article also shows quantitative proportions of the use of each pattern, as well as patterns used by the most successful and less successful restaurants. The most frequent of the manipulative language patterns are lost performatives, mind reading, and comparisons. The techniques of life values, mind reading, and antithesis are more common in advertising slogans of top restaurants compared to less popular ones. Individual slogans frequently manifest the use of more than one linguistic pattern of manipulation. References Alder, H. (2002). Handbook of NLP: A Manual for Professional Communicators. New York: Routledge Bandler, R, Grinder, J. (1975). The Structure of Magic (1st edition). USA: Science & Behavior Books. Burton, K., Ready, R. (2010). Neuro-linguistic Programming for Dummies. West Sussex: Wiley Ciotti, G. 5 Ways to Develop a Unique Selling Proposition Convince&Convert. Dec. 2013. Retrieved from http://www.convinceandconvert.com/digital-marketing/5-ways-to-develop-a-unique-selling-proposition/ Colbert, B. (2012). From Ordinary to Extraordinary – How to Live An Exceptional Life. Ireland: Gill Danciu, V. (2014). 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Linguistic analysis of on-line advertising in English. Bachelor thesis, Prague: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of education. Vaknin, S. (2008). The Big Book of NLP Techniques. Charleston: BookSurge. References (translated and transliterated) Hesiuk, Y. (2014). Zastosuvannia neirolinhvistychnoho prohramuvannia v reklami [The usage of neurolinguistic programming in advertising]. Mediaprostir, 5, 122-126. Horyn, S. (2004). NLP: Tehnyky rossypiu. [Writing techniques]. In: Metafora Expromtom, (pp. 269-268). N. Libman (ed). Moscow: KSP+. Kalischuk, D. (2012). Psykholinhvistychni pryiomy movlennievoho manipuliuvannia u politychnomu dyskursi. “Hra u prostonarodnist” [Psycholinguistic Techniques of Speech Manipulation in Political Discourse. “Plain Folks”]. Journal of V.N.Karazin National University of Kharkiv, 1022(71), 59-63. Kutuza, N. (2006). 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Metaphor is defined as expressing a concept using one or more similar expressions to describe it. Metaphors help reveal concepts that exist in the human subconscious. The aim of this study is to determine the perspective of students who have studied accounting using metaphors. The metaphors used within the scope of the study were determined as animal, item, flower, season, color, food type and game. Fort he purpose of the study,1458 students who studied at Dicle University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences were applied in the 2019-2020 academic year. Study questions "If accounting was an (animal, item, flower, season, color, food type, and game), if there was”….….” It would be. Because “…...” are composed of expression. Students have been asked to complete these statements in accordingly. Content analysis were made to the data obtained, and students' perceptions of accounting were determined. The highest rated metaphors of the study are black, cat, pen, vegetables, winter, cactus and online game respectively.In general, the vast majority of students werw found to have a negative view of accounting. In addition, within the scope of the study, it was determined that the general students agreed that accounting was a difficult, boring, overwhelming and complex lesson. Therefore, recommendations have been made about what needs to be done to change this negative attitude to the accounting course.