Thèses sur le sujet « Memory verbs »
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Jessen, Ashlee Marie. « The Effect of the Semantic Depth of Spanish Verbs on Processing Demands of Filler-Gap Relationships in Noun Clauses ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3502.
Texte intégralRaissi, Nesrine. « La parole testimoniale. Analyse lexico-discursive de témoignages du Camp de Rivesaltes ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024MON30002.
Texte intégralThis thesis studies testimonies of people interned at the Rivesaltes camp during the Second World War. These testimonies were collected between 2007 and 2014 as part of interviews conducted by Equipex Matrice. Based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of this corpus, it aims to describe the functioning of testimonial speech and to identify more specifically the aspects specific to the testimonies about this internment camp.As it was conceived and developed during the 20th century, the testimonial genre presents three essential characteristics: the testimony concerns a collective historical event, it recounts the personal experience of the speaker, it attests to the truth of this story. In the Rivesaltes interviews, the words of the men and women interviewed present these characteristics: they are Spanish republicans and Jewish deportees caught in the violence of History; they begin their story using memory verbs, mainly remember and remember; they attest to its truth, taking care to specify its limits, in particular by the negation of verbs of remembrance and by modalizations which sometimes moderate their commitment (I think, I don't know), sometimes accentuate it (I know).To approach the truth of the Rivesaltes camp as revealed by the witnesses, the thesis carries out a detailed analysis of the lexico-semantic networks of the corpus. It reveals that the witnesses of course remember the pain of separations and the difficulty of daily life, but that the family – in particular the mother and the father –, the school, the apprenticeships, the religious practice occupy a place major in their memory. They talk very little about work in the camp: Rivesaltes' testimonies recall the experiences of internees who, at the time, were children or young people. Despite the suffering experienced by the witnesses during their internment, the Rivesaltes camp appears in their representations more as a living camp than a death camp, even if death was part of their daily life
Quinn, Julie E. A. « Autobiographical remembering, from noun to verb, a discursive approach to autobiographical memory ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ64974.pdf.
Texte intégralBorges, Marlise. « Do registro ao documentário : uma tradução verbo-visual-sonora na Amazônia ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5197.
Texte intégralThis research has proposed an analysis of the creation and the recreation process in the verb-sonorous work Tuyabaé Cuaá (The knowledge of the Ancient Pajés), whose author is the composer and writer Walter Freitas, born in Pará, Brazil a work which reverberates the Amazon culture and the author s fundamental knowledge of it. Its objective was to observe the process of cultural translation and the transformative mixes preset at the work, pointing the new ensemble which intercommunicates since ways, presuppositions and vehicles of a complex work of art. About notions of memory and métissage , the thoughts of authors like Jerusa Pires Ferreira and Amálio Pinheiro were utilized, moreover theoretical works such as Jesus Martin Barbero s and Serge Gruzinski s, that think the métissage and the relations between communication and culture in Latin America as a place of multi-confluence of diverse elements. The Semiotics of the Culture, beyond Iuri Lotman, Aron Gurévitch, and also using the party concept formulated by Mikhail Bakhtin, has grounded the followed courses, also providing a backup to its development. Tuyabaé Cuaá fulfils its function of recuperate and activate some kind of collective memory. Besides the intersemiotics translation, other recreation and translation processes were realized since Walter Freitas work. That s another phonographic register, Medievo Cabano . Therefore, it was presented, such as complementary experience of this paper, a sonorous re-lecture, funding the composer music with elements from medieval, baroque and renaissance period elements. It was also realized an experience in the visual creative field: the sense of sound has turn into image (eight paintings), established above the poetic and musical universe of Walter Freitas. To finalize, it was elaborated a proposition of a documentary work which, sharing new esthetics and diverse languages, could fit the kind of cinematographic production that, in the future, will be able to considerate the dimensions that point to ethnographic, overall to its deconstruction, and to the elements of the autobiography. Into this, everything also remits to subjective and reflexive discourses about the world
Esta pesquisa procurou fazer uma análise do processo de criação e recriação na obra de arte verbo-sonora Tuyabaé Cuaá (A Sabedoria dos Antigos Pajés), de autoria do compositor e escritor paraense Walter Freitas, uma obra que repercute a amazonidade e o conhecimento fundamental desta cultura. Teve como objetivo observar o processo de tradução cultural e as mesclas transformadoras, apontando o novo conjunto que se intercomunica, a partir de caminhos, pressupostos e veículos de uma obra de arte complexa. Sobre noções de memória e mestiçagem, foram utilizados pensamentos de autores como Jerusa Pires Ferreira e Amálio Pinheiro e de teóricos como Jesus Martin Barbero e Serge Gruzinski, que pensam a mestiçagem e relações entre comunicação e cultura na América Latina, como um lugar de multiconfluências de elementos diversos. A semiótica da cultura, através de Iuri Lotman, Aron Gurévitch e também utilizando a noção da festa em Mikhail Bakhtin fundamentaram os caminhos, dando apoios ao seu desenvolvimento. Tuyabaé Cuaá cumpre, portanto, sua função de recuperar e ativar certa memória coletiva. Além da tradução intersemiótica, outros processos de recriação e tradução foram realizados, partindo da obra de Walter Freitas. Trata-se de outro registro fonográfico, Medievo Cabano . Assim, esteve presente, como experiência complementar deste trabalho, uma releitura sonora, fundindo a música do compositor com elementos dos períodos medieval, renascentista e barroco. Foi também realizada uma experiência no campo do criativo visual. Aí, o sentido do som transformou-se em imagem (oito telas), plasmadas a partir do universo poético e musical de Walter Freitas. Para terminar, foi pensada uma proposta de documentário que, compartilhando novas estéticas e várias linguagens, pudesse se encaixar no tipo de produção cinematográfica que venha futuramente a considerar as dimensões que apontam para o etnográfico mas sobretudo para a sua desconstrução e elementos do autobiográfico. Aí tudo remete também para discursos subjetivos e reflexivos sobre o mundo
Removille, Sébastien. « VERS UNE MEMOIRE QUANTIQUE AVEC DES IONS PIEGES ». Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00430795.
Texte intégralEngström, Lisa. « Carry-Over Facilitation for Non-Familiar Trials in Item-Recognition ». Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-4250.
Texte intégralTwo aspects of cognitive control were investigated using the item-recognition task and the verb generation task. The item-recognition task had two conditions, high and low interference. The verb generation task was manipulated in three ways, for different levels of interference and time interval. The intention was to more deeply investigate one aspect of the item-recognition task, comparing response times for different trial types in different conditions, and to investigate a fatigue effect between the item-recognition and verb generation task. Thirty-two participants were tested at two occasions, in a within-subjects design. Results for the verb generation task revealed effects for levels of interference and time interval, although there was no difference in the manipulation. Results for the item-recognition task revealed effects for condition and trial type, as well as an interaction effect between these. The non-familiar trials in the high interference condition resulted in faster response times compared to the same kind of trials in the low condition. The result from the item-recognition task extends those from previous studies, revealing details for differences between trial types. This finding demonstrates a carry-over facilitation effect.
Fantin, Sandra Jacqueline 1980. « Confabulações entre memórias e imagens de Maringá : a fotomontagem como exploração da narrativa verbo-visual ». [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/284513.
Texte intégralDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é contribuir para uma composição metodológica acerca das memórias do município de Maringá, considerando sua condição de núcleo urbano projetado ao final da década de 1940, por iniciativa da Companhia Melhoramentos do Paraná. Os resultados deste estudo se fundamentam pela contribuição de uma rede de interlocutores, homens octogenários e sexagenários - aos quais denominamos de "confabuladores", reconhecidos pioneiros moradores da cidade paranaense - os quais por meio de suas histórias de vida, de um vivo fluxo de reminiscências em torno do viver e do lugar, da palavra e da imagem, nos revelaram, como sujeitos sociais, que reconhecem o entrelaçamento de seus destinos, com o destino da cidade em formação. Aliando às histórias de vida, uma sistematização para a leitura de antigas fotografias, o trabalho amplia o espectro de interpretações das narrativas, possibilitando experimentações para a recriação de representações de acontecimentos, lembranças do cotidiano e da fisionomia da cidade em seus primeiros anos de vida, o que identificamos como "fotomontagens". Memória, palavra e imagem se reúnem para a articulação de uma memória individual que conspira para uma possível memória coletiva, se permitindo novas visitações e projeções de sua natureza plural e infinita
Abstract: The objective of this research is to contribute to a composition methodological about of the memory of the city of Maringá, considering the condition of urban center planned at the end of the 1940s, at the initiative of the Companhia Melhoramentos do Paraná. The results of this study are based on contributions from a network of informers, men octogenarian and sexagenarian - which we call "the speculaters" recognized pioneer residents of the city of Paraná - which through their life stories, a live stream of reminiscences around the live and the place of word and image, we revealed, as social man, who recognize the intertwining of their fates, with the fate of the city in formation. Combining the stories of life, to a systematic reading of old photographs, the work broadens the spectrum of interpretations of the narratives, allowing trials for recreating representations of events, memories and everyday face of the city in their first years of life, which identified as "photomontage". Memory, word and image come together to articulate a personal memory that conspires for a possible collective memory, is enabling new visitations and projections of its pluralistic nature and infinite
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Aussems, Suzanne. « How seeing iconic gestures facilitates action event memory and verb learning in 3-year-old children ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/98793/.
Texte intégralSantos, Viviane Aparecida. « E a carne se faz verbo em Ferreira Gullar : memória, engajamento e resistência em prosa e verso ». Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3100.
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Este trabalho propõe o diálogo entre a crônica e a poesia de Ferreira Gullar. Para tanto, tomamos como objeto de pesquisa as crônicas publicadas pela Folha de São Paulo entre os anos de 2012 e 2014 e as obras Dentro da noite veloz (1975) e Poema sujo (1976). A partir da discussão do conceito de engajamento, procuramos, em um primeiro momento, focalizar a atuação política do poeta, em prosa e verso, fazendo um contraponto entre a atual perspectiva política de Gullar e sua postura política e poética dos anos 1960 e 1970, marcada pela militância e resistência, o que observamos em Dentro da noite veloz (1975). Em um segundo momento, tomamos, além das crônicas, Poema sujo (1976), em que observamos como é possível o resgate do próprio passado a partir de diferentes perspectivas discursivas e momentos históricos distintos. Verificamos, assim, que, em prosa e em verso, o poeta consegue, através da escrita, não apenas trazer à tona o próprio passado, pela memória, mas fazer da vida vivida um instrumento de intervenção política e representação de toda uma coletividade. O diálogo entre poesia e crônica em Ferreira Gullar se faz, portanto, não apenas possível, mas também fecundo e uma nova possibilidade de pesquisa no campo literário.
This paper proposes a dialogue between Ferreira Gullar’s chronicle and poetry. To do so, the chronicles published by Folha de São Paulo between 2012 and 2014 and the books Dentro da noite veloz (1975) and Poema sujo (1976) were taken as objects of research. From a discussion of the concept of engagement, at a first stage, we focus on the poet’s political involvement, in prose and poetry, creating a counterpoint between the poet’s current political perspective and his political and poetic position in the 1960’s and 1970’s, characterized by militancy and resistance, which can be observed in Dentro da noite veloz (1975). At a second stage, besides the chronicles, we take Poema sujo (1976), in which we observe that it is possible to have one’s own rescue of the past through different discursive perspectives and different moments in history. Hence, it is observed that, in prose and poetry, not only can the poet bring out his own past, through memory, but he can also turn his lived life into an instrument of political intervention and representation of a whole collectivity. The dialogue between Ferreira Gullar’s poetry and chronicle is, therefore, not only possible, but also fruitful and a new possibility of research in the literary field.
Rey, Amandine. « Liens entre mémoire et perception : vers des mécanismes communs ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20076/document.
Texte intégralIn everyday life, each of us is constantly processing perceptual input from the environment, we collect and then integrate numerous items of sensory information (Calvert & Thesen, 2004). Alongside these perceptual activities, knowledge related to our environment is continually "recovered" from memory. Embodied cognition and grounded cognition theories suggest that cognitive processes (e.g., memory processes, language processes) are grounded in the same sensory-motor systems as those used in perceptual and motor processes (Glenberg, 1997 ; Slotnick, 2004 ; Pecher & Zwaan, 2005).Memory is composed of sensorimotor traces encoded during the several experiences of an individual in his environment (Versace et al., 2009). A large number of studies in cognitive psychology and neurosciences demonstrated that knowledge is constructed and (re)emerged from the activation of neural systems typically associated with perceptual-motor mechanisms. The contents and the functioning of our memory are intrinsically linked to our past and present sensorimotor activities. To be effective, knowledge involved in our cognitive activities must be closely linked to the actual situation. This ability to adapt to specific situations would not be possible unless knowledge, including conceptual knowledge, is derived from the reactivation of memory traces of past experiences (Barsalou, 2008 ; Versace et al., 2014). Conversely, sensorimotor activities are totally dependent on memory traces of past sensorimotor experiences. Thus, the difference between perception and memory is that, in the former, properties are perceptually present, whereas, in the latter, they are absent but reactivated. This PhD research focused on the link between memory and perception and, more precisely, aims to provide arguments in favor of the similarity of memory and perceptual processes that result from the activation of components of same sensorimotor nature. We tested the hypothesis that perceptual effects should be observed with reactivated components in memory. We used well-known perceptual effects (such as masking effect or perceptual bias invisual illusion) to investigate the possibility to replicate these effects by replacing the sensorial present components by reactivated components in memory
Brunel, Lionel. « Vers une réintroduction de l’efficacité mnésique : l’apport des modèles à traces multiples ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20055/document.
Texte intégralThere are many situations where our memory fails us. Who is it ever happened to meet face to one and not remember his name? Yet you are sure that you know this face and you're even able to retrieve the last time you've seen it. Conversely, you can be sure you have already met one person while it is the first time you see it... However, in both situations, you have never forgotten what a face is. While being fallible in some situations, the memory accuracy is often overlooked. This thesis proposes to address the issue of memory accuracy in a particular model of memory: multi-traces theory. We discuss the contribution of this question to the approach developed by Versace and collaborators (2002, 2009). This implies that knowledge emerging from a single memory from the activation and integration of distributed multimodal episodic memory traces.According to this approach, it appears that the accuracy in the categorical tasks is due to a similarity relationship between a cue and a large number of memory traces. While accuracy in discriminating tasks involves that a cue activate a limited number of traces, but also these ones need to be sufficiently integrated. Studying accuracy has allowed us to identify two kinds of integration: integration directly involved in the emergence of the knowledge (to the consciousness), and integration which ensures that former perceptivo-motor experience is encoded within a trace. Moreover, it seems that each kind of processing depends on the probability that a cue activates features within and between the traces.Finally, we can say that the accuracy depends on the type of memory task, the strength of binding between the trace components, and an interactive relationship between the cue and memory traces
Katz, Russo Azul Tamina. « Phénoménologie de la fantaisie. Le chemin husserlien vers la fantaisie productrice ». Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL172.
Texte intégralThe present research is framed in the Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl, and aims to analyse the essence of phantasy considered as an intentional experience. In what sense can it be sustained that phantasy, generally associated with freedom and creation, is indeed productive? It should be noted that the question of phantasy appears among the issues that contributed to the consolidation of the thematic agenda of nascent phenomenology. However, Husserl’s definition of phantasy, which is attained in1904/05, does not take into account its free and productive aspect, but rather regards it in a re-productive way. To arrive at a broader, yet precise, definition of the morphological essence of phantasy, without leaving Husserl’s phenomenology, the following objectives are pursued. Firs, I present the possible explanations of phantasy that Husserl puts to the test (among which those of Brentano and Twardowski must be highlighted) as well as the reasons why he rejects them. Second, I explain how the analyses of the internal time consciousness and memory led to the canonical definition of phantasy as a neutrality modification applied to memory. A critique of this definition is subsequently established. Finally, I propose that those difficulties may be overcome by considering other elements of Husserl’s phenomenology, such as the functions that phantasy fulfills, for instance in the intuition of essences, in the experience of others and in the aesthetic experience i.a., where phantasy operates by the producing of analogues which have a “harmonizing” effect on experience
Cherdieu, Mélaine. « Effet du sommeil sur un apprentissage implicite : transfert vers une mémoire explicite ? » Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20061/document.
Texte intégralNumerous studies have been interested in the effect of sleep on memory. For instance, a period of sleep as compared to a similar period of wakefulness protects memories from interferences, improves performances, but also reorganizes memory traces favoring creativity and rules extraction. These studies are based on classical memory models and explain these observations by an interaction between implicit and explicit processes. However, these models seem to be limited to describe all the processes involved in memory reorganization. In this thesis, we tried to understand the influence of sleep on memory reorganization within Act-In memory model, a multiple traces memory model in the line of grounded cognition. We developed our research within four experimental axes. First of all, we wanted to verify if sleep could transform an implicit trace into an explicit one. We also wanted to study the effect of sleep on multi-components integration and inter-traces activation. We assumed that sleep could transform memory traces enhancing the integration of the trace components and could favor the link between different traces leading to the emergence of common elements. Finally, we were interested in the consequences of nocturnal modifications during aging on memory consolidation
Guemann, Matthieu. « Vers un contrôle sensori-moteur bio-inspiré des prothèses myoélectriques du membre supérieur ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0273.
Texte intégralThe loss of autonomy caused by the upper limb amputation affects a young and active population in France. The physical and psychological consequences raise some technical, scientific and clinical issues. The low prevalence of upper limb amputation is such that this affection is considered a rare disease. Today's prostheses are offering new possibilities of motion, but they are still limited in their command process. Current controls of these prostheses are non-intuitive and complex, leading to a high abandon rate. Research on this field highlights that to be fully functional and used by patients, prostheses should be able to (i) generate reflex responses, and (ii) feedback the sensation lost. In this thesis, we aimed to explore these two aspects, which are the reflex responses and the sensory substitution. The first part of this work investigates the regulation of the motor command through a spinal network that represents the low-level sensorimotor loops. We have tested this network connected to a musculoskeletal model of an arm with the goal to produce movements with multiple amplitudes and durations. The network's capacities were tested using three optimization algorithms, allowing to explore the behavioral space (i.e. the ensemble of movements produced by the neuromechanical simulations). Although very simplified, this system was capable of producing biologically acceptable movements, in the presence of gravity. This simple neural network produced a rich ensemble of behaviors, each given movement being possibly achieved with different combinations of parameters values. This type of network seems to be a good candidate to make the link between the basics descending commands such as the recorded muscle activity (EMG) and the prostheses motions. The other part of the thesis focused on sensory substitution. We built a vibrotactile device giving feedback of elbow angle to the subject. We found that patients and non-amputee subjects had good scores regarding spatial discrimination with vibrotactile stimulations, and we showed that they were all able to control a virtual arm only guided by the vibrotactile feedback during reaching tasks. However, adding proprioceptive feedback was not found to improve performance when compared to only visual information. Yet, it is important to stress that it did not deteriorate performance neither. Furthermore, the control involving both feedback was preferred by the participants. Taken together, this work provides useful information for the improvement of the myoelectric control of prostheses, while aiming to approach a natural and intuitive control of movement
Normand, Emmanuelle. « Spatial abilities of Wild Chimpanzees Pan troglodytes verus ». Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21678/document.
Texte intégralWhereas numerous studies demonstrated fascinating behaviour of animals in their natural habitat, some important areas of research were difficult to tackle in the field. This is the case of many studies on cognitive aspects that required controlled environment to dissociate ecological and social influence from cognition. One of these important areas of research is the spatial cognition including spatial memory, spatial orientation mechanisms and the practical use of these abilities to travel efficiently, such as planning skills. This study on spatial cognition in wild chimpanzees took place in Taï National Park, a tropical dense forest where potential food resources are highly abundant in their 25 km² territory, and the visibility is approximately 30 meters. Adding to this complexity, chimpanzees live in a fission-fusion society, maintaining relationships with each other. Nevertheless, with a precise recording of chimpanzee’s location and activities and a precise botanic map of the territory, we were able to dissociate the ecological, social and cognitive effects and understand some relationships between these factors. Here, we showed that wild chimpanzees developed a precise mechanism to navigate efficiently in their large area using a Euclidean map containing accurate information about direction and distance to the known resources. This mechanism is highly adapted and efficient as the chimpanzees have a precise knowledge of the resources location in their area, remembering the location of thousand trees location. These highly developed abilities allowed them to increase their efficiency by selecting the most productive resources, planning them in advanced and on a higher level to plan the shortest path through these major resources during the day when the social pressure induce a higher precision in resource selection. These findings highlight first the outstanding spatial abilities of wild chimpanzees and second that cognition can be better explained in animals’ natural complex environment
Trotz zahlreicher Studien, die das faszinierende Verhalten von Wildtieren in ihrer natürlichen Umwelt dokumentieren, bleiben einige Studienfelder schwer erfassbar. So ist zum Beispiel bei der Erforschung von bestimmten kognitiven Aspekten die Rücksichtnahme auf den Umweltfaktor erforderlich, damit Umwelt- und Sozialeinfluss von den kognitiven Faktoren unterschieden werden können. Zu diesen Untersuchungsfeldern gehört die Raumkognition, welche das Raumgedächtnis, die Mechanismen der Raumorientierung sowie deren effizientes Nutzen durch die Schimpansen, z.B. durch ihre Fähigkeit zum Planen, einschließt. Die vorgestellte Studie über Raumkognition bei wild lebenden Schimpansen wurde im Nationalpark von Tai durchgeführt, das heißt, in einem dichten tropischen Wald, wo potentielle Ressourcen bei einer Sichtweite von ungefähr 30 Metern auf einem 25 qm großen Areal reichlich verteilt sind. Hinzu kommt, dass Schimpansen in einer Fission-Fusion Gesellschaftsstruktur leben, die vielfache soziale Beziehungen fördern. Jedoch, mit einer genauen Registrierung der räumlichen Lage und der Aktivitäten der Schimpansen und anhand einer präzisen botanischen Karte des Gebiets, konnten wir die Umwelt-, Sozial- und kognitiven Effekte gegeneinander abgrenzen und somit die zwischen diesen unterschiedlichen Faktoren bestehenden Beziehungen erfassen. In dieser Studie zeigen wir, dass Schimpansen einen besonderen Mechanismus zur Raumorientierung auf ihrem Gebiet entwickelt haben. Dabei verfügen sie über eine euklidische Mind-Karte mit präzisen Informationen über Richtungen und Entfernungen zu den bekannten Ressourcen. Durch ein genaues Wissen über die Verteilung der Nahrungsressourcen auf ihrem Gebiet ist dieser Mechanismus hoch effizient. Dank dieser Fähigkeiten werden Schimpansen immer effizienter, indem sie die ergiebigsten Ressourcen auswählen, dabei planende Fähigkeiten einsetzen und weiterhin indem sie an einem Tag die kürzeste Strecke zu den verschiedenen Ressourcen ausmachen, wenn der soziale Druck höchste Präzision in der Wahl der Nahrungsressourcen erfordert. Diese Erkenntnisse erhellen zuallererst die außergewöhnlichen Fähigkeiten der wild lebenden Schimpansen und beweisen, dass sich kognitive Mechanismen bei wild lebenden Tieren in ihrer natürlichen Umwelt besser erklären lassen
Dutriaux, Léo. « Vers des modèles spatiaux incarnés : mémoire, posture et possibilités d'action ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB233.
Texte intégralThe embodied cognition framework claims that the mind must be understood in the context of its relationship to a physical body that interacts with the world. It has been developed in response to the classical cognitivist approach, which regards the so-called « central » cognition (memory, reasoning, comprehension...) as an amodal symbols processing system, independent from the sensorimotor systems. Contrary to this idea, embodied cognition claims in particular that 1/ cognition is for action 2/ cognition is grounded on sensorimotor systems, that is, it shares processing resources with sensorimotor systems, rather than being independent from them. Since the 1980s, the amount of work within this framework is growing each year. Yet, there are still few researches on spatial cognition with this approach. The aim of the state of art of this thesis is to show that several sources of information of spatial representations, such as perception, memory, and language, are embodied. If their sources are embodied, then it is likely that spatial representations are also embodied. We will report then some direct elements in favor of the embodiment of spatial representations. The aim of our empirical work was to show that the memory of objects, which can potentially be part of a spatial representation, is embodied in the sense that it is for action, and that it is grounded on sensorimotor systems. To fulfill this aim, a body of studies has been run in order to explore, by the mean of postures decreasing the possibilities for action, the role of the motor system in memory (Experiment 1 to 11), language (Experiment 9a to 10), and spatial representations (Experiment 10 and 11). Experiments 1 to 8 showed as a whole that a constraining posture has a negative effect on the memory of manipulable objects, but not on non-manipulable objects (PI effect). Experiments 9a and 9b used sentences. They showed an effect of posture on the memory of manipulable objects only when their name is associated with a verb which involves an action, but not when it is associated with a verb which does not involve an action. Experiments 10 and 11 used respectively spatial descriptions and virtual environments, and newly showed that the objects described or presented out of reach are less recalled than those located at a close distance. After a discussion of these results, we will propose our conception of embodied spatial situation models
Blin, Antoine. « Vers une utilisation efficace des processeurs multi-coeurs dans des systèmes embarqués à criticités multiples ». Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066114/document.
Texte intégralComplex embedded systems today commonly involve a mix of real-time and best-effort applications integrated on separate microcontrollers thus ensuring fault isolation and error containment. However, this solution multiplies hardware costs, power consumption and thermal dissipation.The recent emergence of low-cost multi-core processors raises the possibility of running both kinds of applications on a single machine, with virtualization ensuring isolation. Nevertheless, the memory hierarchy on such processors is shared between all cores. Memory accesses done by a real time application running on one dedicated core can be slowed down by concurrent memory accesses initiated by best effort applications running in parallels. Therefore real time applications can miss their deadlines.In this thesis, we propose a run-time software-regulation approach that aims to maximize parallelism between real-time and best-effort applications running on a single low-cost multicore ECU. Our approach uses an overhead estimation derived from offline profiling of the real-time application to estimate the slow down on the real-time application caused by memory interferences. When the estimated overhead reaches a predefined threshold, our approach suspends the best-effort applications, allowing the real-time task to continue executing without interferences. Suspended best-effort applications are resumed when the real-time application ends its current activation
Hassan, A. J. « A text-based model for the disambiguation of the temporal inerpretation of the verb in modern standard Arabic ». Thesis, University of Salford, 1987. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/2192/.
Texte intégralRenault, Martin. « Vers la simulation dynamique de l' écriture manuscrite via un modèle anthropomorphe du membre supérieur ». Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066242.
Texte intégralBendifallah, Zakaria. « Généralisation de l’analyse de performance décrémentale vers l’analyse différentielle ». Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS038V/document.
Texte intégralA crucial step in the process of application performance analysis is the accurate detection of program bottlenecks. A bottleneck is any event which contributes to extend the execution time. Determining their cause is important for application developpers as it enable them to detect code design and generation flaws.Bottleneck detection is becoming a difficult art. Techniques such as event counts,which succeeded to find bottlenecks easily in the past, became less efficient because of the increasing complexity of modern micro-processors, and because of the introduction of parallelism at several levels. Consequently, a real need for new analysis approaches is present in order to face these challenges.Our work focuses on performance analysis and bottleneck detection of computeintensive loops in scientific applications. We work on Decan, a performance analysis and bottleneck detection tool, which offers an interesting and promising approach called Decremental Analysis. The tool, which operates at binary level, is based on the idea of performing controlled modifications on the instructions of a loop, and comparing the new version (called variant) to the original one. The goal is to assess the cost of specific events, and thus the existence or not of bottlenecks.Our first contribution, consists of extending Decan with new variants that we designed, tested and validated. Based on these variants, we developed analysis methods which we used to characterize hot loops and find their bottlenecks. Welater, integrated the tool into a performance analysis methodology (Pamda) which coordinates several analysis tools in order to achieve a more efficient application performance analysis.Second, we introduce several improvements on the Decan tool. Techniquesdeveloped to preserve the control flow of the modified programs, allowed to use thetool on real applications instead of extracted kernels. Support for parallel programs(thread and process based) was also added. Finally, our tool primarily relying on execution time as the main concern for its analysis process, we study the opportunity of also using other hardware generated events, through a study of their stability, precision and overhead
Bielski, Maciej. « Nouvelles techniques de virtualisation de la mémoire et des entrées-sorties vers les périphériques pour les prochaines générations de centres de traitement de données basés sur des équipements répartis déstructurés ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT022/document.
Texte intégralThis dissertation is positioned in the context of the system disaggregation - a novel approach expected to gain popularity in the data center sector. In traditional clustered systems resources are provided by one or multiple machines. Differently to that, in disaggregated systems resources are provided by discrete nodes, each node providing only one type of resources (CPUs, memory and peripherals). Instead of a machine, the term of a slot is used to describe a workload deployment unit. The slot is dynamically assembled before a workload deployment by the unit called system orchestrator.In the introduction of this work, we discuss the subject of disaggregation and present its benefits, compared to clustered architectures. We also add a virtualization layer to the picture as it is a crucial part of data center systems. It provides an isolation between deployed workloads and a flexible resources partitioning. However, the virtualization layer needs to be adapted in order to take full advantage of disaggregation. Thus, the main contributions of this work are focused on the virtualization layer support for disaggregated memory and devices provisioning.The first main contribution presents the software stack modifications related to flexible resizing of a virtual machine (VM) memory. They allow to adjust the amount of guest (running in a VM) RAM at runtime on a memory section granularity. From the software perspective it is transparent whether they come from local or remote memory banks.As a second main contribution we discuss the notions of inter-VM memory sharing and VM migration in the disaggregation context. We first present how regions of disaggregated memory can be shared between VMs running on different nodes. This sharing is performed in a way that involved guests which are not aware of the fact that they are co-located on the same computing node or not. Additionally, we discuss different flavors of concurrent accesses serialization methods. We then explain how the VM migration term gained a twofold meaning. Because of resources disaggregation, a workload is associated to at least one computing node and one memory node. It is therefore possible that it is migrated to a different computing node and keeps using the same memory, or the opposite. We discuss both cases and describe how this can open new opportunities for server consolidation.The last main contribution of this dissertation is related to disaggregated peripherals virtualization. Starting from the assumption that the architecture disaggregation brings many positive effects in general, we explain why it breaks the passthrough peripheral attachment technique (also known as a direct attachment), which is very popular for its near-native performance. To address this limitation we present a design that adapts the passthrough attachment concept to the architecture disaggregation. By this novel design, disaggregated devices can be directly attached to VMs, as if they were plugged locally. Moreover, all modifications do not involve the guest OS itself, for which the setup of the underlying infrastructure is not visible
Lepoutre, Jean-Philippe Gorce Philippe. « Modélisation biomécanique du mouvement vers un outil d'évaluation pour l'instrumentation en orthopédie / ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274709/fr.
Texte intégralSagawa, Yoshimasa. « Vers une approche multidimensionnelle de l'évaluation motrice du sujet amputé ». Thesis, Valenciennes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VALE0018/document.
Texte intégralThe subjects with a lower-limb amputation (LLA) compose a heterogeneouspopulation, by their amputation origins, by their amputation levels, by their abilities and by their life projects. To these various LLA’s profiles we could add a multitude of prosthetic components and the combination of these components. It is also important to take into account the different environments, which the LAA are confronted daily. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF 2001) was created by the Word Heath Organization and is based on a multidimensional model. The ICF is constituted by two domains: the functioning on one hand and the contextual factors on the other hand. This comprehensive-global model is able to describe the functioning (disability) from any health problem. However it remains necessary to develop new tools to better use the ICF model making it more intelligible and useful in clinical practice. For this, we proposed to use the Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD). KDD is a non-trivial process of identification of unknown, valid and potentially-exploitable structures in database. KDD permits to transform a maximum of information in easy-exploitable knowledge. From the ICF model conjoint with KDD methods, the aim of this thesis was to characterize an expert group of LLA in terms of locomotion capacity. This group and its list of relevant indicators, based on the ICF model, were determined. They can be used as a reference to compare with others LLA improving making decision of this particular population
Blin, Antoine. « Vers une utilisation efficace des processeurs multi-coeurs dans des systèmes embarqués à criticités multiples ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066114.
Texte intégralComplex embedded systems today commonly involve a mix of real-time and best-effort applications integrated on separate microcontrollers thus ensuring fault isolation and error containment. However, this solution multiplies hardware costs, power consumption and thermal dissipation.The recent emergence of low-cost multi-core processors raises the possibility of running both kinds of applications on a single machine, with virtualization ensuring isolation. Nevertheless, the memory hierarchy on such processors is shared between all cores. Memory accesses done by a real time application running on one dedicated core can be slowed down by concurrent memory accesses initiated by best effort applications running in parallels. Therefore real time applications can miss their deadlines.In this thesis, we propose a run-time software-regulation approach that aims to maximize parallelism between real-time and best-effort applications running on a single low-cost multicore ECU. Our approach uses an overhead estimation derived from offline profiling of the real-time application to estimate the slow down on the real-time application caused by memory interferences. When the estimated overhead reaches a predefined threshold, our approach suspends the best-effort applications, allowing the real-time task to continue executing without interferences. Suspended best-effort applications are resumed when the real-time application ends its current activation
Ben, Miled Achraf. « Vers un système de réutilisation ds connaissances en ingénierie de conception ». Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625442.
Texte intégralLaniel, Francis. « MemOpLight : vers une consolidation mémoire pour les conteneurs grâce à un retour applicatif ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS372.
Texte intégralNowadays, deploying and executing applications in the cloud is a reality. The cloud can not exist without virtualization. This concept consists of slicing physical machines into several sub-machines, isolated from one another, known as virtual machines. Recently, containers emerged as a viable alternative to virtual machines. Containers are lighter than virtual machines and bring the same isolation and security guarantees. Nonetheless, the isolation they offer is maybe too important. Indeed, existing mechanisms enforce memory isolation by ensuring that no container starves the others; however, they do not adapt to changes in workload. Thus, it is impossible to consolidate memory, i.e. to reclaim memory unused by some containers to make a better use of it. To answer this problem and ensure both isolation and consolidation, we introduce MemOpLight. This mechanism adapts to workload changes thanks to application feedback. Each container tells the kernel whether it has good or bad performance to guide memory reclaim. Memory is first reclaimed from containers with good performance in the hope that the others can improve their own performance. The idea is to find a balance where all containers have satisfying performance. MemOpLight increases container satisfactions by 13% compared to existing mechanisms
Sagawa, junior Yoshimasa. « Vers une approche multidimensionnelle de l'évaluation motrice du sujet amputé ». Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747801.
Texte intégralBaradel, Roberta Roque. « Desenvolvimento e aplicação de bateria de testes neuropsicológicos para avaliação da memória semântica de verbos em idosos cognitivamente saudáveis ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2016.
Trouver le texte intégralDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência e Cognição, 2016.
Introdução: Na prática neuropsicológica há pouco material investigativo disponível para analisar o processamento semântico de verbos. Um dos poucos testes utilizados nesta análise é o Kissing and Dancing - KDT (Bak & Hodges, 2003), que apenas avalia associações semânticas. Apesar de haver valores de referência do KDT no Brasil, três limitações motivaram a construção de uma nova versão ampliada: 1) necessidade de adequação a fatores socioculturais; 2) alta probabilidade de acerto ao acaso e 3) tendência a efeito teto, quando excluídos itens socioculturalmente inadequados. O presente trabalho, portanto, desenvolveu, por meio da adaptação do KDT e da criação de tarefas adicionais, uma bateria de testes que objetiva investigar estes aspectos. Neste trabalho, os testes criados foram utilizados em população de idosos cognitivamente saudáveis e, a partir dos resultados obtidos, futuras análises poderão auxiliar na melhor compreensão de algumas divergências teóricas sobre o processamento semântico lexical de verbos, inclusive em situações patológicas, bem como na identificação de perfis específicos que podem auxiliar no diagnóstico clínico de algumas dessas situações. Objetivos: desenvolver, baseando-se no KDT, um instrumento abrangente para avaliação do processamento semântico de verbos, criando testes complementares, que avaliem, além da associação semântica, a compreensão e a nomeação de ações, a fim de: investigar o funcionamento da memória semântica de verbos em idosos cognitivamente saudáveis e a relação entre a acurácia - registrada em cada um dos testes na bateria ¿ o funcionamento cognitivo global e as variáveis sociodemográficas Metodologia: A adequação do KDT previu a criação de um único instrumento balanceado em relação à complexidade pictórica, adequabilidade/padronização de nomeação, familiaridade, imageabilidade e categorização verbal (verbos de mão e corpo, com e sem instrumentos; verbos abstratos; ambientais e feitos por animais). Estes mesmos itens foram também utilizados na criação de outros dois subtestes ¿ tarefa de nomeação e compreensão auditiva. Na adaptação do teste de associação semântica, para evitar o citado efeito teto e possibilitar análises dos tipos de erros, foram ampliadas as alternativas associadas ao alvo ¿ de duas para quatro ¿ e criados distratores específicos. A consistência interna dos testes também foi avaliada e para a tarefa de associação e nomeação foi criada uma versão abreviada da bateria. Para a amostra estudada, investigou-se a relação entre o desempenho nos três subtestes e variáveis sociodemográficas (idade, escolaridade e nível socioeconômico) e o funcionamento cognitivo global (MEEM e ACE-R). Após a identificação das variáveis correlacionadas significativamente com a acurácia, um modelo de regressão foi gerado a fim de apontar qual das variáveis melhor predizem o desempenho nos testes. Para aferição de adequabilidade da bateria, os parâmetros propostos foram avaliados previamente em 20 jovens de alta escolaridade (padrão-ouro), a fim de eliminar estímulos inadequados. Após adequação, a segunda versão foi também aplicada a outros 20 universitários em estudo piloto, a fim de atestar sua adequabilidade. Finalmente, o instrumento adaptado foi aplicado em população de idosos cognitivamente saudáveis, propondose, em relação ao teste original, tarefas adicionais de compreensão auditiva e nomeação, avaliando-se a influência de escolaridade, nível socioeconômico, idade e funcionamento cognitivo global sobre o desempenho nas tarefas. Recrutaram-se 92 indivíduos idosos e 65 preencheram os critérios de inclusão/exclusão do estudo. Todos foram avaliados individualmente no Laboratório de Cognição Humana da UFABC. No teste de associação, os estímulos foram apresentados usando-se o programa e-prime (2.0) para registrar tanto a acurácia quanto o tempo de resposta. Nas provas de compreensão e nomeação, os estímulos foram apresentados em slides e analisou-se acurácia. Resultados: Entre os 65 avaliados (46 mulheres), 66% pertencem ao nível socioeconômico "B" e têm idade e escolaridade média de 67,7 e 10,8 anos, respectivamente. Nos resultados da tarefa de associação semântica, verificou-se acurácia média de 82% (42/51 pranchas), correlação significativa com escolaridade (R=0,463, p<0,001), nível socioeconômico (R=0,524, p<0,001), desempenho no MEEM (R=0,521, p<0,001) e desempenho no ACE-R total (R=0,508, p<0,001) e correlação negativa com idade (R=-0,400, p=0,001). Ao incluir todas estas variáveis em um modelo de regressão linear, apenas a variável idade se mostrou significante (p=0,038). Nos resultados do teste de nomeação, a média de acertos é de 90% (58/64 pranchas) e há correlação significativa apenas entre a acurácia e a classe socioeconômica (R=0,34, p=0,02), sendo não significativa para idade (R=-0,135 e p=0,39), escolaridade (R=0,13 e p=0,40), desempenho no MEEM (R=0,10 e p=0,52) ou no ACE-R (R=0,03 e p= 0,80). Neste teste, apenas 3 das 64 fichas apresentaram índice de respostas não-padrão maiores do que 20%, sendo motivados predominantemente por aspectos semânticos. No teste de compreensão, a média de acertos é de 98% (13,75/14 pranchas) e a acurácia não se correlaciona à idade (R=-0,16 e p= 0,30), à escolaridade (R=0,13 e p=0,41), ao nível socioeconômico (R=-148, p=0,499), ao ACE-R (R=0,22 e p=0,15), nem ao MEEM (R=0,06 e p=0,69). 4 das 14 fichas apresentaram erros acima de 10%, sendo motivados, também, por aspectos semânticos. Conclusão: Diante das análises, o novo instrumento apresenta-se como estratégia eficiente para avaliação do funcionamento de memória semântica de verbos no envelhecimento saudável. A idade é a variável que contribui para explicar o desempenho no teste de associação semântica, contrariamente aos pressupostos de que este tipo de memória não sofre alterações no processo de envelhecimento, todavia, a amostra precisa ser ampliada com maior número de indivíduos mais velhos e com mais baixa escolaridade e classe socioeconômica a fim de: verificar se os resultados obtidos para esta amostra não sofrerão alterações e permitir que etapas adicionais referentes ao processo típico de estandartização de baterias neuropsicológicas possam ser cumpridas.
Introduction: In neuropsychology, there is little investigative material available to analyze the processing verbs. One of the few tests used in this analysis is the Kissing and Dancing - KDT (Bak & Hodges, 2003), which only evaluates semantic associations. Although there are KDT reference values in Brazil, three limitations led to the construction of a new enhanced version: 1) adequacy need to sociocultural factors; 2) high probability of success at random and 3) tend to ceiling effect when inappropriate socio-cultural items are excluded. This paper, therefore, developed through a KDT adaptation and the creation of additional tasks, a battery of tests that aims to investigate the performance of healthy elderly individuals in various tasks involving semantic processing verbs. Analyzes from the results can improve the understanding of some theoretical differences over the lexical semantic processing of verbs, including pathological conditions. Objectives: to develop a new set of tests based on the KDT and suitable for the Brazilian context in order to investigate the functioning of semantic memory verbs in healthy elderly individuals. Methodology: The adequacy was accomplished by creating a single balanced instrument in relation to the pictorial complexity, suitability/standardized naming, familiarity, imageability and verbal categorization (hand and body verbs, with and without instruments; abstract verbs, environmental and made by animals) and capable to be configured as a battery test that analyze, in a correlational study and multivariate regression, the results obtained in order to compare them to the theoretical postulates that it was intended to investigate. In the adaptation of semantic association test, in order to avoid the aforementioned ceiling effect and enable analysis of the types of errors, it was enhanced the alternatives associated with the target - from two to four - and created specific distractors. For battery suitability assessment, the proposed parameters were previously evaluated in 20 young people with higher education (gold standard) in order to eliminate improper stimuli. After adjustment, the new version has also been applied to other 20 university students in a pilot study in order to prove its suitability. Finally, the adapted instrument was applied in population of healthy elderly individuals, proposing additional tasks from the original test: listening and naming to evaluating the influence of education, socioeconomic status and age on task performance. It was recruited 92 elderly and 65 met the criteria for inclusion/exclusion of the study. All are individually evaluated in Human Cognition Laboratory at UFABC. In association test, the stimuli were presented using the program e-prime (2.0) to register both the accuracy and the response time. The number of items raised in a minute was the measure analyzed in verbal fluency task. Results: Among the 65 evaluated (46 women), 66% belonging to the socioeconomic level "B" and have age and average education of 67.7 and 10.8 years respectively. The results of semantic association task, equivalent to the original KDT, there was an average accuracy of 82% (42/51 boards), significantly correlated with education (R = 0.463, p <0.001), socioeconomic status (R = 0.524, p <0.001), MMSE scores (R = 0.521, p <0.001) and the total performance ACE-R (R = 0.508, p <0.001) and negatively correlated with age (r = -0.400, p = 0.001). The linear regression model indicates that the result in accuracy can be mainly explained by age (p = 0.038). In the results of the naming test, the average score is 90% (58/64 boards) and there is only significant correlation between accuracy and socioeconomic status (R = 0.34, p = 0.02), with no significant correlation for age (R = -0.135, p = 0.39), educational level (R = 0.13 and p = 0.40), performance on the MSME (R = 0.10 and p = 0.52) nor on the ACE-R (R = 0.03 and p = 0.80). In this test, only 3 out of 64 boards had higher error rate than 20%, being predominantly motivated by semantic aspects. In the comprehension test, the mean score is 98% (13.75 / 14 boards) and accuracy is not correlated to age (R = -0.16, p = 0.30), educational level (R = 0, 13 and p = 0.41), the ACE-R (R = 0.22 and p = 0.15), nor the MSME (R = 0.06 and p = 0.69). 4 out of the 14 board had errors over 10% being also driven by semantic aspects. Conclusion: based on the analysis, the new instrument presents as an efficient approach to evaluate the semantic verbs memory in healthy aging. Age is the variable that helps to explain the performance in semantic association test, in contrast to assumptions that semantic memory does not change during the aging process. However, the sample needs to be expanded and better paired with sociodemographic variations in order that the results obtained here are verified and that additional steps for typical standardization process for neuropsychological batteries can be fulfilled.
Blondeau, Virginie. « Vers un humanisme numérique : du témoin vivant au grand témoin numérique ». Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPHF0027.
Texte intégralDigital technologies allow the preservation of heritage traces from witnesses of the past. Safeguarding an intangible heritage responds to various concerns, including that of allowing a mediation with the public. How can we ensure that such digital traces, staged with the help of instrumented or hybrid mediation devices, preserve the authenticity and strength of the initial testimony? Which mediations can allow the public to connect with content proposed to them? Is technological innovation always a guarantee of quality visitor experience? What is the place and function of emotions in their federating-links to witnesses of the past? The central question of the thesis can thus be formulated as follows: When considering an endangered intangible heritage, what solutions can enhance visitor experience? To answer these questions, an enactionist constructivist epistemology is mobilised along with survey methods, such as stimulated recall interviews (REMIND), are implemented. This theoretical and methodological framework provides access to visitor experience in its 12 cognitive, corporal and emotional dimensions. Developed primarily in the context of the memory of mining, the main results of this thesis identify the possibility of an experiential grammar of mediation devices. They underline the importance of the human facilitator in hybrid mediations. Finally, they open research perspectives regarding the technological conditions and the legal status of the digital witness, i.e. conditions that transform a living witness into a Grand Digital Witness
Said, Noha Gamal. « Vers une écologie sensible des rues du Caire : le palimpseste des ambiances d'une ville en transition ». Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH004/document.
Texte intégralProposing a rereading of the sensory experience by the term palimpsest is above all focusing on « time ».This approach introduces time as a main material for designing cities. Being defined as a stratification of time by a continual re-writing, the metaphorical coupling of terms « ambiance-palimpsest » adds a temporal depth to the sensory phenomena. It point out how everyday life experience reflects a maintain over time. This vision redefines the ambience as an incarnation of the past in the present through a continuous process of sedimentation of traces. Ambience-palimpsest embodies a power of time in which the past is reconstructed differently with each time a new present is overlaid upon territory. Between the production of memorial cities and artifacts ones, the current contemporary urban thinking marks a crisis in dealing with time, in which the present functions as a buffer, isolating the past from the futur. The introduction of term palimpsest in the field of ambiences relocates the present as a connecting interface between the two temporal entities. Taking into consideration the temporal depth when analyzing the sensory experience, offers a new perspective of designing cities by recomposing the past sensory values in a projection to the future. It mixes a retrospective and prospective approaches for rethinking the future of cities. In such an interest, this thesis proposes an architectural reading tool « the temporal section » as a way to stroll in time and to unfold the layers of sediment memories. This architectural section, to which we add time as vertical dimension of place, helps reading the temporal configuration of the experience, thus marking a turning point in the representation of cities form cartography to stratigraphy
Lepoutre, Jean-Philippe. « Modélisation biomécanique du mouvement : vers un outil d'évaluation pour l'instrumentation en orthopédie ». Toulon, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274709/fr/.
Texte intégralThis work deals with a new approach in the evaluation of human musculoskeletal system disorders and diseases using biomechanical parameters {kinematics and joint moments). As a first step, a parallel of literature data and podiatry diagnosis in gait analysis enable to identified biomechanical parameters involved in developing pathology: low back pain, coxalgia and knee pain. Then, from experimental measurements (motion analysis system VICON and treadmill ADAL) static, kinematic and dynamic aspects of motor activity (anthropometries multibody system of the lower limb) of symptomatic subjects have highlighted the defects of articular movement (pathomechanical models) in correlation with physiology and relevance of biomechanical parameters to describe disorder. The gait analysis in two conditions: shod and shod with foot orthoses, show the impact of joint misalignment on articular contact load-distribution, which lead to destroy cartilage (lumbar osteoarthritis hip osteoarthritis, knee osteoarthritis). Finally, the study of relationships between parameters show the osteoarticular link between abnormal foot motion on the floor and movement dysfunction of the lower limb
Jezequel, Loïc. « Vers une détection d'anomalie unifiée avec une application à la détection de fraude ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CYUN1190.
Texte intégralDetecting observations straying apart from a baseline case is becoming increasingly critical in many applications. It is found in fraud detection, medical imaging, video surveillance or even in manufacturing defect detection with data ranging from images to sound. Deep anomaly detection was introduced to tackle this challenge by properly modeling the normal class, and considering anything significantly different as anomalous. Given the anomalous class is not well-defined, classical binary classification will not be suitable and lack robustness and reliability outside its training domain. Nevertheless, the best-performing anomaly detection approaches still lack generalization to different types of anomalies. Indeed, each method is either specialized on high-scale object anomalies or low-scale local anomalies.In this context, we first introduce a more generic one-class pretext-task anomaly detector. The model, named OC-MQ, computes an anomaly score by learning to solve a complex pretext task on the normal class. The pretext task is composed of several sub-tasks allowing it to capture a wide variety of visual cues. More specifically, our model is made of two branches each representing discriminative and generative tasks.Nevertheless, an additional anomalous dataset is in reality often available in many applications and can provide harder edge-case anomalous examples. In this light, we explore two approaches for outlier-exposure. First, we generalize the concept of pretext task to outlier-exposure by dynamically learning the pretext task itself with normal and anomalous samples. We propose two the models SadTPS and SadRest that respectively learn a discriminative pretext task of thin plate transform recognition and generative task of image restoration. In addition, we present a new anomaly-distance model SadCLR, where the training of previously unreliable anomaly-distance models is stabilized by adding contrastive regularization on the representation direction. We further enrich existing anomalies by generating several types of pseudo-anomalies.Finally, we extend the two previous approaches to be usable in both one-class and outlier-exposure setting. Firstly, we introduce the AnoMem model which memorizes a set of multi-scale normal prototypes by using modern Hopfield layers. Anomaly distance estimators are then fitted on the deviations between the input and normal prototypes in a one-class or outlier-exposure manner. Secondly, we generalize learnable pretext tasks to be learned only using normal samples. Our proposed model HEAT adversarially learns the pretext task to be just challenging enough to keep good performance on normal samples, while failing on anomalies. Besides, we choose the recently proposed Busemann distance in the hyperbolic Poincaré ball model to compute the anomaly score.Extensive testing was conducted for each proposed method, varying from coarse and subtle style anomalies to a fraud detection dataset of face presentation attacks with local anomalies. These tests yielded state-of-the-art results, showing the significant success of our methods
Dobri, Adam. « Mémoires embarquées non volatiles à grille flottante : challenges technologiques et physiques pour l’augmentation des performances vers le noeud 28nm ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT030/document.
Texte intégralFlash memory circuits are embedded in almost every aspect of modern life as their ones and zeros represent the data that is stored on smart cards and in the sensors around us. In floating gate flash memories this data is represented by the amount of charge stored on a poly-Si gate, isolated by a tunneling oxide and an Inter Gate Dielectric (IGD). As the microelectronics industry’s researchers and engineering continuously push the scaling limits, the ability of the devices to hold their information may become compromised. Even the loss of one electron per day is too much and would result in the failure to retain the data for ten years. At such low current densities, the direct measurement of the leakage current is impossible. This thesis presents a new way, Oxide Stress Separation, to measure these currents by following the changes in the threshold voltage of the flash cell. The novelty of the technique is that the biasing conditions are selected such that the stress occurs entirely in the IGD, allowing for the reconstruction of an IV curve of the IGD at low biases. This thesis also describes the process changes necessary to integrate the world’s first 40 nm embedded flash based on an alumina IGD, in replacement of the standard SiO2/Si3N4/SiO2. The interest in high-k materials comes from the motivation to make an IGD that is electrically thin to increase coupling while being physically thick to block charge transport. As embedded flash at the 40 nm node nears production, the approach to be taken in future nodes must also be discussed. This provides the motivation for the final chapter of the thesis which discusses the co-integration of the different IGDs with logic devices having the high-k metal gates necessary at 28 nm and beyond
Figueroa, Marie-Thérèse. « De la transition vers la démocratie : cinq romanciers espagnols en quête d'un passé récent ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10109.
Texte intégral"Transition to democracy" is a key period in the recent history of Spain. This thesis endeavours to treat this period through the study of six contemporary novels (either published during or after the transition), by authors who are very different: Josefina R. Aldecoa, Juan Luis Cebrián, Miguel Delibes, Eduardo Mendoza and Antonio Muñoz Molina.These novels look into a period that goes from the 1960s, an era called "Late Francoism", to 1986, the year Spain joined the EEC. Moreover, the choice of this periodisation is the subject of an introductory reflection. These authors offer contrasted visions of these political, economic and social upheavals in a comprehensive manner as well as a look at the two most sensitive autonomy movements in cultural and socio-political terms: the Basque Provinces and Catalonia.Beyond their perception of the historical context itself, they ponder the transmission from the past and memory as well as the concept of culture and the notion of individual and collective identity.The final reflection deals with the History-Literature mix. Are these two domains paradoxical or complementary? Finally, do these memory novels also not give an account of an individual and intimate sensitivity?
Desmurget, Michel. « Étude des mécanismes de planification et de contrôle en ligne des mouvements dirigés vers une cible visuelle ». Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T056.
Texte intégralMorgant, Tolaïni Bruno. « Agir par le verbe. Mémoires et mémorialistes des guerres de Religion ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH164.
Texte intégralDisfavour, retreat or exile invite women and men to think about the events which took place during their life. Looking back, everyone has the opportunity to go back in time and face his successes, pitfalls or failures. Whether it was on battle fields, at the Court or behind the closed doors of cabinets, in a way or another, they played a role in the public affairs in that time and they are still yearning to make themselves heard. Setting pen to paper and writing down those moments, they suddenly become chroniclers. They consequently turn from the status of storybook characters to the status of storywriters granting themselves a prominent place. Their editorial initiative was thought out, nurtured and part of the troubled times of the wars of the second half of the 16th century. Those writers were undoubtlessly writing with a specific aim.Because they correct what could have been said on the chronicler, Memoirs act on his past ; because they allow to experience again a past that no longer exists and suggest a change in conditions, they act on his present ; because they pertain to his social and family transmission, they act on his future. Those three aspects cannot seem to be dissociated, writing Memoirs is undeniably polymorphous. While setting pen to paper, every chronicler acts out through the verb
Bielski, Maciej. « Nouvelles techniques de virtualisation de la mémoire et des entrées-sorties vers les périphériques pour les prochaines générations de centres de traitement de données basés sur des équipements répartis déstructurés ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT022.
Texte intégralThis dissertation is positioned in the context of the system disaggregation - a novel approach expected to gain popularity in the data center sector. In traditional clustered systems resources are provided by one or multiple machines. Differently to that, in disaggregated systems resources are provided by discrete nodes, each node providing only one type of resources (CPUs, memory and peripherals). Instead of a machine, the term of a slot is used to describe a workload deployment unit. The slot is dynamically assembled before a workload deployment by the unit called system orchestrator.In the introduction of this work, we discuss the subject of disaggregation and present its benefits, compared to clustered architectures. We also add a virtualization layer to the picture as it is a crucial part of data center systems. It provides an isolation between deployed workloads and a flexible resources partitioning. However, the virtualization layer needs to be adapted in order to take full advantage of disaggregation. Thus, the main contributions of this work are focused on the virtualization layer support for disaggregated memory and devices provisioning.The first main contribution presents the software stack modifications related to flexible resizing of a virtual machine (VM) memory. They allow to adjust the amount of guest (running in a VM) RAM at runtime on a memory section granularity. From the software perspective it is transparent whether they come from local or remote memory banks.As a second main contribution we discuss the notions of inter-VM memory sharing and VM migration in the disaggregation context. We first present how regions of disaggregated memory can be shared between VMs running on different nodes. This sharing is performed in a way that involved guests which are not aware of the fact that they are co-located on the same computing node or not. Additionally, we discuss different flavors of concurrent accesses serialization methods. We then explain how the VM migration term gained a twofold meaning. Because of resources disaggregation, a workload is associated to at least one computing node and one memory node. It is therefore possible that it is migrated to a different computing node and keeps using the same memory, or the opposite. We discuss both cases and describe how this can open new opportunities for server consolidation.The last main contribution of this dissertation is related to disaggregated peripherals virtualization. Starting from the assumption that the architecture disaggregation brings many positive effects in general, we explain why it breaks the passthrough peripheral attachment technique (also known as a direct attachment), which is very popular for its near-native performance. To address this limitation we present a design that adapts the passthrough attachment concept to the architecture disaggregation. By this novel design, disaggregated devices can be directly attached to VMs, as if they were plugged locally. Moreover, all modifications do not involve the guest OS itself, for which the setup of the underlying infrastructure is not visible
Demoures, Amélie. « Lieux de rumeurs, lieux de co-mémorations : vers la reconstruction d'un passé : le cas de l'explosion de l'usine AZF ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20037/document.
Texte intégralIn a psychosocial perspective, the aim of this research is to capture the dynamic aspect of inter and intragroup rumor and its role in the reconstruction of collective memories in specific spatiotemporal contexts. Based on a monographic study relative to the explosion of the AZF factory that occurred September 21th, 2001, in Toulouse, our PhD work aims to explain what is at stake for the groups involved, and why would they adopt and perpetuate or not a « version » of the story or another. Taking into account space as a social framework of memory, we will focus on the spatial inscription of the rumor, particularly through commemorative practices, considered as a way to re-appropriate places destroyed by the catastrophe. Our research belongs to the field of social thought, which question common sense knowledge and ways of thinking in specific contexts, depending on individuals’ social insertion. In this perspective, we adopt a « ternary » interpretation of facts, inherent to social psychology, to investigate rumor in a comprehensive approach. To fulfill this goal, we applied methodological triangulation in our research (semi-structured interviews, observations, press analyses and questionnaires), in order to seize the dynamic of rumor in its different temporalities, through several groups more or less involved. The analysis of all results confirm the existence of a rumor phenomenon in Toulouse over 10 years after the disaster and related to the origins of the explosion, in the different investigated places and groups. The level of implication and the level of negative emotions felt after the event are salient factors to explain both the adhesion to a rumor and its persistence. However, our results highlight variations in the message content for different groups depending on their social insertion and position as well as the bond that relationship that bonded them to the AZF factory. Our research affirm that the rumor process and functions are not simply animated by a cognitive mechanisms of though but rather motivated by identity and memory issues, depending on the group’s present interest. The persistence of rumor in specific times and places demonstrate its role in the transmission of a collective memory, in a gratifying way for the involved groups
Mick, Sébastien. « Motricité bio-inspirée d’un bras artificiel : vers l’intégration de coordinations motrices naturelles dans le contrôle d’une prothèse de membre supérieur ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0117.
Texte intégralIn humans, the loss of motor functions associated with the absence of part of the arm disrupts autonomy and reduces the ability to carry out tasks of daily life. To restore some of the lost functions, a person with the aforementioned upper limb disability can use a prosthesis which replaces the missing part of the arm. To this day, the most advanced prostheses measure the activity of muscles located in the stump to control their joints. However, a higher level of disability implies that the prosthesis must restore more motor functions with fewer available muscles from which command signals can be measured. In order to overcome this obstacle, this thesis explores how motor coordinations extit{i.e.} regularities in the way the different joints are put in motion, can be used to drive an arm prosthesis. With this aim, two experimental platforms were developed to act as substitutes for an actual prosthesis: a human-like robotic arm, and a simulated arm in a virtual reality setup. In a first experiment, this robotic arm is driven by able-bodied participants so that its endpoint reproduces the motion of their own hand. Based on a target-reaching task, this experiment compares how well participants perform with this control scheme in two distinct conditions. These conditions correspond to two different strategies to choose the robot's postures when placing its endpoint on the goal defined by the participant: rather human-like or biologically implausible. The results show that employing joint coordinations close to those of a human arm elicits better familiarization to the robot's control scheme. In a second experiment, able-bodied participants drive a virtual arm whose shoulder mimics the participant's actual shoulder motion while its distal joints (elbow and lower) are artificially controlled. Based on a pick-and-place task, this experiment compares how efficiently participants manage to drive the virtual arm with two distinct control schemes. One controls these distal joints' rotations solely from the actual shoulder's motion whereas the other uses additional information in the form of contextual, target-related data. The results reveal that including this contextual information notably improves the performance achieved during the task. Overall, these results show that natural joint coordinations provide a relevant source of information for the control of an arm prosthesis and can be combined with other types of command signals to further expand its motor functions. Regarding application to real-life prosthesis use, they provide insight for the design of control schemes employing natural motor coordinations to drive multiple joints simultaneously
Cholet, Stéphane. « Evaluation automatique des états émotionnels et dépressifs : vers un système de prévention des risques psychosociaux ». Thesis, Antilles, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANTI0388/document.
Texte intégralPsychosocial risks are a major public health issue, because of the disorders they can trigger : stress, mood swings, burn-outs, etc. Although propoer diagnosis can only be made by a healthcare professionnel, Affective Computing can make a contribution by improving the understanding of the phenomena. Affective Computing is a multidisciplinary field involving concepts of Artificial Intelligence, psychology and psychiatry, among others. In this research, we are interested in two elements that can be subject to disorders: the emotional state and the depressive state of individuals.The concept of emotion covers a wide range of definitions and models, most of which are based on work in psychiatry or psychology. A famous example is Russell's circumplex, which defines an emotion as the combination of two emotional dimensions, called valence and arousal. Valence denotes an individual's sad or joyful character, while arousal denotes his passive or active character. The automatic evaluation of emotional states has generated a significant revival of interest in the last decade. Methods from Artificial Intelligence allow to achieve interesting performances, from data captured in a non-invasive manner, such as videos. However, there is one aspect that has not been studied much: that of emotional intensities and the possibility of recognizing them. In this thesis, we have explored this aspect using visualization and classification methods to show that the use of emotional intensity classes, rather than continuous values, benefits both automatic recognition and state interpretation.The concept of depression is more strict, as it is a recognized disease as such. It affects individuals regardless of age, gender or occupation, but varies in intensity or nature of symptoms. For this reason, its study, both at the level of detection and monitoring, is of major interest for the prevention of psychosocial risks.However, his diagnosis is made difficult by the sometimes innocuous nature of the symptoms and by the often delicate process of consulting a specialist. The Beck's scale and the associated score allow, by means of a questionnaire, to evaluate the severity of an individual's state of depression. The system we have developed is able to automatically recognize an individual's depressive score from videos. It includes, on the one hand, a low-level visual spatio-temporal descriptor that quantifies micro and macro facial movements and, on the other hand, neural methods from the cognitive sciences. Its speed allows applications for real-time recognition of depressive states, and its performance is interesting with regard to the state of the art. The fusion of visual and auditory modalities has also been studied, showing that the use of these two sensory channels benefits the recognition of depressive states.Beyond performance and originality, one of the strong points of this thesis is the interpretability of the methods. Indeed, in a multidisciplinary context such as that of Affective Computing, improving knowledge and understanding of the studied phenomena is a key point that usual computer methods implemeted as "black boxes" can't deal with
Leischner, Franziska. « The influence of visual emotional input properties on the acquisition of verb meanings in 24-month-old German learning children ». Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17701.
Texte intégralPrevious research shows that emotional properties of the input (extrinsic properties) enhance children’s learning of novel words. These properties are not features of the referent a novel word is referring to, e.g. the +/-happy intonation or facial expression of a speaker, who is referring to an object or event by using a novel word. With respect to this finding, the present study focuses on two unnoticed questions: a) Are similar influences found when the emotional properties are features of the referent of the word to be acquired (intrinsic properties), e.g. the +/-happy facial expression of an actor in an event that is labeled by a novel verb? b) Do these properties influence the meaning of a novel word, in that the emotional information constrains how the word is interpreted in later contexts? The results indicate that in line with studies on extrinsic emotional properties children’s learning of novel words is enhanced by intrinsic emotional properties. Furthermore, the study suggests that children’s perception of emotional information while learning a novel word is subject to individual variability, which affects how children construct and interpret the meaning of the novel word. Different factors such as language competence, attentional control and social cognition are discussed for inducing individual differences in emotion perception while word learning.
Saive, Anne-Lise. « Les odeurs, une passerelle vers les souvenirs : caractérisation des processus cognitifs et des fondements neuronaux de la mémoire épisodique olfactive ». Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10078/document.
Texte intégralEpisodic memory is the memory that permits the conscious re-experience of specific personal events and associated with a specific context. This doctoral research aims at investigating the cognitive processes and the neural bases of episodic retrieval in humans. Odor-evoked memories are known to be more detailed and more emotional than memories triggered by other sensorial cues. These specificities explain why we studied odor-evoked memories. First, a novel behavioral task has been designed to study in a controlled way the memory of complex episodes comprising unfamiliar odors (What), localized spatially (Where), within a visual context (Which context). From this approach, we suggest that when the binding between the episodes’ dimensions is strong, the odor perception evokes the whole episodic memory. The episodic retrieval is mainly based on recollection processes, the feeling of knowing being insufficient to induce complete memory recovery. Moreover, emotion carried by odors, whatever its valence, promote accurate episodic retrieval. Functionally, episodic memory is underpinned by a distributed network, constituted of regions typically found in laboratory and autobiographical memory approaches. Accurate memories are associated with a specific neural network, from odor perception to memory re-experience. Modularity analyses show that neural interactions within this network also depend on memory accuracy. Altogether, results of this research suggest that episodic retrieval is a dynamic and complex process, triggered by odors perception, closely linked to other memory systems such as perceptual and semantic memories
Cubero-Castan, Michel. « Vers une définition méthodique d'architecture de calculateur pour l'exécution parallèle des langages fonctionnels ». Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30159.
Texte intégralSaint, Blanquat Paul de. « Les comportements orientés vers un but : implication de l'hippocampe et du cortex préfrontal chez le rat ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10129/document.
Texte intégralGoal-directed behaviors are complex and involve a variety of cognitive processes. Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a key role in behavioral planning. More over, cells in the rat mPFC show specific firing modulations at location with a high motivational value. Such neuronal activity could be essential for the setting up installation of a goal-directed behavior. Further more, navigating to a spatial goal requires the building of a stable presentation of the environment which is hippocampus-dependent. So far however, only few studies have addressed the respective role of these two structures, and their interaction, during the acquisition and the consolidation of a goal directed-behavior. The work conducted during my PhD thesis aimed at studying the role of hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in this process. In a first study,we showed the existence of a prospective coding by mPFC neurons when the rat performs a working memory task. Neuronal activity signals both, the temporal sequence of the behavior, and the prediction of reward. These neurons would play a role inexecutive functions. In a second study, we focused on cerebral structures involved in the updating of the value of a goal as well as in its long-term retention. Our results showed that the inactivation of the intermediate hippocampus causes deficit in the short-term processing of a change in the goal value. On the other hand, the inactivation of the mPFC prevents long-term consolidation of this change. Integrity of this two structures would therefore be essential to perform an on-line updating of the goal value and for its long-term consolidation. Their interaction would be necessary to rapidly adapt, and in a lasting manner, the behavioral strategy of the animal when it faces an environmental change
Frisone, Gloria. « Vers une perspective anthropologique de la maladie d'Alzheimer : les assises symboliques de la perte de la mémoire dans une "société de la commémoration" ». Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0103.
Texte intégralThe thesis focuses on the social notion of Alzheimer’s disease, conceived as a loss of memory and assimilated to the loss of identity. By integrating the tradition of biomedical anthropology, this thesis aims at highlighting the representations and narratives of Alzheimer’s disease that exceed the pure diagnostic definition. These conceptions stem from a particular social context and cultural model, which we have proposed to call "commemorative society", as a society that bases its symbolic and anthropological foundations on both biographical and historical memory to produce subjectivities and to build individual and collective identities
La tesi affronta l'analisi della nozione sociale di malattia d'Alzheimer, concepita nei soli termini di una patologia della memoria e assimilata a una perita di sé. Inserendosi nell'orizzonte tradizionale dell'antropologia medica, l'obiettivo è di analizzare le narrazioni della malattia, portandone alla luce i modelli esplicativi e le rappresentazioni che certamente sfuggono ai limiti della sola definizione diagnostica. Tali concezioni provengono da un contesto sociale e da un modello culturale più ampi che caratterizzano quella che abbiamo chiamato "società della commemorazione", ossia una società, come quella contemporanea, che pone la memoria, sia essa autobiografica o storica, a fondamento simbolico e antropologico dei processi di soggettivazione e della costruzione delle identità individuali e collettive
Cassel, Raphaelle. « Impact de la réactivation de l'acétylation des histones sur les performances mnésiques dans un modèle transgénique murin de la maladie d'Alzheimer : vers une nouvelle stratégie thérapeutique ? » Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ040/document.
Texte intégralAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive loss of memory and cognitive functions associated with the development of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and amyloid plaques in the brain. Nowadays, there is no satisfactory cure for AD. The discovery of epigenetic alterations in AD brain led the scientist community to think about new therapeutic options. Such modifications, and notably those on histone acetylation of the chromatin, could be associated with the genetic dysfunctions observed in AD. The reestablishment of proper epigenetic regulations, and thus gene expression, appears as an original therapeutic option. Using THY-Tau22 mice, we assessed the effect of two strategies aimed at increasing histone acetylation with a HAT activator (CSP-TTK21) or an HDAC inhibitor (phenylbutyrate). We show that both therapeutic strategies allow the rescue of spatial memory performances in the THY-Tau22 mouse model. These results open new leads for AD therapeutics and research
Moulinet, Inès. « Vers une meilleure compréhension des facteurs psychoaffectifs (anxiété et dépression) dans le vieillissement normal et pathologique : liens avec la cognition et la neuroimagerie multimodale Sex-specificities in anxiety and depressive symptoms across the lifespan and their links with multimodal neuroimaging Relationships of depressive symptoms to brain markers of neurodegeneration and amyloid deposition across the Alzheimer’s continuum Cross-sectional and longitudinal characterization of SCD patients recruited from the community versus from a memory clinic : subjective cognitive decline, psychoaffective factors, cognitive performances, and atrophy progression over time ». Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC422.
Texte intégralSubclinical psychoaffective symptoms of anxiety and depression are common in the elderly and are associated with an increased risk of developing dementia and progressing from a pre-dementia stage to a dementia stage. However, they could also be symptoms associated with dementia and could be a clinical manifestation of the underlying pathology. The aim of this thesis was to contribute towards a better understanding of the links between anxiety and depressive symptoms and Alzheimer's disease (AD) hallmarks, including cognitive, structural, functional and molecular modifications, both in normal aging and during the course of this pathology. Our results show that higher anxiety symptoms are associated with lower grey matter volume in cognitively healthy elderly subjects, but only in women. This same association is present in all Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) participants recruited from the general population, and shows an increased vulnerability to age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia. In Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) subjects, high depressive symptoms are associated with greater amyloid load in the brain, and thus an increased risk of developing AD, while in amyloid-positive Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and AD subjects, they are related to better cognition and awareness of their cognitive deficits. Psychoaffective symptoms thus seem to have an evolving role during the transition from normal aging to pathological aging; they first manifest a brain vulnerability, then an underlying pathology and a risk of developing AD, and then are a marker of preservation in patients with cognitive decline (MCI and AD)
O'Leary, MJ. « Production benefits recognition equally for verbs and nouns ». Thesis, 2019. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31747/1/O_Leary_whole_thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralBlowfield, HL. « Actions speak louder than words : the production and enactment effects on recall and recognition memory of verbs ». Thesis, 2018. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31053/1/Blowfield_whole_thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralMobayyen, Forouzan. « Semantic memory organization for verb concepts : proactive interference as a function of content and structure ». Thesis, 2002. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/1756/1/MQ72863.pdf.
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