Bibliographies thématiques / Medium scale DSGE framework

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Medium scale DSGE framework »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Medium scale DSGE framework"

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Vitek, Francis, Vitor Gaspar et Tobias Adrian. « A Medium-Scale DSGE Model for the Integrated Policy Framework ». IMF Working Papers 2022, no 015 (janvier 2022) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781616359706.001.

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Haider, Adnan, et Safdar Ullah Khan. « A Small Open Economy DSGE Model for Pakistan ». Pakistan Development Review 47, no 4II (1 décembre 2008) : 963–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v47i4iipp.963-1008.

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In recent years there has been a growing interest in academics, international policy institutions and central banks1 in developing small-to-medium, even large-scale, open economy macroeconomic models called Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models based on new-Keynesian framework.2 The term DSGE was originally used by Kydland and Prescott (1982) in their seminal contribution on Real Business Cycle (RBC) model. The RBC model is based on neoclassical framework with micro-founded optimisation behaviour of economic agents with flexible prices. One of the critical assumptions of this model is that fluctuations of real quantities are caused by real shock only; that is, only stochastic technology or government spending shocks play their role. Later research in DSGE models however included Keynesian short-run macroeconomic features (called nominal rigidities), such as Calvo (1983) type staggered pricing behaviour and Taylor (1980) type wage contracts. Hence this new DSGE modeling framework labeled as new-neoclassical synthesis or new-Keynesian modeling paradigm. 3 This new approach combines micro-foundations of both households and firms optimisation problems and with a large collection of both nominal and real (price/wage) rigidities that provide plausible short-run dynamic macroeconomic fluctuations with a fully articulated description of the monetary policy transmission mechanism; see, for instance, Christiano, et al. (2005) and Smets and Wouters (2003). The key advantage of modern DSGE models, over traditional reduce form macroeconomic models, is that the structural interpretation of their parameters allows to overcome the famous Lucas critique (1976).4 Traditional models contained equations linking variables of interest of explanatory factors such as economic policy variables. One of the uses of these models was therefore to examine how a change in economic policy affected these variables of interest, other things being equal. In using DSGE models for practical purposes and to recommend how central banks and policy institutions should react to the short-run fluctuations, it is necessary to first examine the possible sources,5 as well as to evaluate the degree of nominal and real rigidities present in the economy. In advanced economies, like US and EURO area, it is easy to determine the degree of nominal and real rigidities as these economies are fully documented. In developing economies like Pakistan, where most of economic activities are un-documented (also labeled as informal economy, black economy, or underground economy), it is very difficult to determine the exact degree of nominal and real rigidities present in the economy. However, one can approximate results using own judgments and through well defined survey based methods
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Barthélemy, Jean, et Guillaume Cléaud. « TRADE BALANCE AND INFLATION FLUCTUATIONS IN THE EURO AREA ». Macroeconomic Dynamics 22, no 4 (11 juillet 2017) : 931–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100516000456.

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We estimate a medium-scale dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model for the euro area in an open-economy framework. The model includes structural trends on all variables, allowing us to estimate on gross data. First, we provide a theoretical balanced growth path consistent with permanent productivity shocks, inflation target changes, and permanent shocks to the openness of the economies. We then define the cycle as the gap between this sustainable trajectory and the gross data. Hence, we can properly deal with persistent deviations of the trade balance. Finally, we find persistent and strong effects from the asymmetric increase of euro-area imports during the last 10 years on domestic inflation. From 2000Q1 to 2008Q4, we estimate the contribution of the imbalanced development of international trade on euro-area inflation to an average of −0.7%, and on nominal interest rate, to an average of −1.4%.
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Slobodyan, Sergey, et Raf Wouters. « Learning in an estimated medium-scale DSGE model ». Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 36, no 1 (janvier 2012) : 26–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2011.01.016.

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Ivashchenko, Sergey, et Rangan Gupta. « Forecasting using a Nonlinear DSGE Model ». Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice 7, no 2 (1 mai 2018) : 73–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2018-0013.

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Abstract A medium-scale nonlinear dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model was estimated (54 variables, 29 state variables, 7 observed variables). The model includes an observed variable for stock market returns. The root-mean square error (RMSE) of the in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts was calculated. The nonlinear DSGE model with measurement errors outperforms AR (1), VAR (1) and the linearised DSGE in terms of the quality of the out-of-sample forecasts. The nonlinear DSGE model without measurement errors is of a quality equal to that of the linearised DSGE model.
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ZUBAIRY, SARAH. « ON FISCAL MULTIPLIERS : ESTIMATES FROM A MEDIUM SCALE DSGE MODEL ». International Economic Review 55, no 1 (22 janvier 2014) : 169–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iere.12045.

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Chaim, Pedro, et Márcio Poletti Laurini. « Data Cloning Estimation and Identification of a Medium-Scale DSGE Model ». Stats 6, no 1 (24 décembre 2022) : 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stats6010002.

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We apply the data cloning method to estimate a medium-scale dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. The data cloning algorithm is a numerical method that employs replicas of the original sample to approximate the maximum likelihood estimator as the limit of Bayesian simulation-based estimators. We also analyze the identification properties of the model. We measure the individual identification strength of each parameter by observing the posterior volatility of data cloning estimates and access the identification problem globally through the maximum eigenvalue of the posterior data cloning covariance matrix. Our results corroborate existing evidence suggesting that the DSGE model of Smeets and Wouters is only poorly identified. The model displays weak global identification properties, and many of its parameters seem locally ill-identified.
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Wang, Rui. « Unconventional Monetary Policy in Japan : Empirical Evidence from Estimated Shadow Rate DSGE Model ». Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 10, no 02 (juin 2019) : 1950007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993319500078.

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The Zero Lower Bound (ZLB) on short nominal interest rates has imposed serious constraint on stimulating and stabilizing economy of major central banks. Analysis of monetary policy by Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models under the existence of ZLB has also been an important issue from both practical and academic views for central banks and macroeconomists. However, the nonlinearity of ZLB constraint makes linear solution and estimation techniques of DSGE models unreliable and impractical. In many recent empirical works, it has been proved that the shadow rate can be used as an accurate proxy to represent the stance of unconventional monetary policy in the ZLB environment. We use shadow rate to estimate a medium-scale DSGE model based on the theoretical foundation proposed by Wu and Zhang (2016). A shadow rate New Keynesian model (No. w22856). National Bureau of Economic Research, and conduct counterfactual simulation exercises to quantify the macroeconomic effects of unconventional monetary policy implemented by Bank of Japan (BoJ). Compared with the estimation results of pre-ZLB sub-sample (1980Q1–1998Q4), the structural parameters estimated from full-sample (1980Q1–2016Q3) with the shadow rate still have very reasonable values that are consistent with most related medium-scale DSGE literature. The statistical properties of model dynamics implied by two groups of estimation are also very close. Counterfactual simulation shows that without the unconventional monetary policy, macroeconomic variables would have worse performance than their actual realizations.
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Bekiros, Stelios D., et Alessia Paccagnini. « Bayesian forecasting with small and medium scale factor-augmented vector autoregressive DSGE models ». Computational Statistics & ; Data Analysis 71 (mars 2014) : 298–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2013.09.018.

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Abilov, N. « A Medium-Scale Bayesian DSGE Model for Kazakhstan with Incomplete Exchange Rate Pass-Through ». International Economic Journal 35, no 4 (2 octobre 2021) : 486–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168737.2021.1999298.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Medium scale DSGE framework"

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Eyiah, Alex Kojo. « Financing small and medium scale construction firms in Ghana : a framework for improvement ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556704.

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Rodríguez, Montes Juan David. « Devising a framework for the development of the medium scale coal sector in Colombia ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46673.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-119).
The purpose of my study is to devise a framework that encompasses the strategies put forth by the Colombian government as to advancing the productivity and competitiveness of the country, with an emphasis on finding development alternatives for the medium-scale coal sector, tackling its shortcomings, and improving the sector's situation. The framework integrates three dimensions of analysis including the Colombian national policies for productivity and competitiveness, coal sector development, and environmental conservation. I lay out several coal-development alternatives and evaluate their economic and environmental performances using input-output analysis, and multi-criteria decision analysis for alternative selection. I also model different scenarios prioritizing each of the dimensions of analysis. The results from the scenario analysis show that coal gasification suits best the three dimensions of analysis, providing the highest economic benefits with the least environmental impacts of the proposed development alternatives. In addition, I use Geographic Information Systems to conduct location-suitability analysis for the coal fields in the interior of Colombia. Results of the suitability analysis portray coal fields in the Córdoba and Cundinamarca Provinces as the most suitable regions for coal-gasification development.
by Juan David Rodríguez Montes.
S.M.
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Lobato, Carlos Eduardo. « Política fiscal e monetária ótimas em um modelo de médio porte para o Brasil pós plano real ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49932.

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Uma questão fundamental na macroeconomia é: Como um governo benevolente deveria conduzir as políticas monetária e fiscal no longo prazo e nos ciclos de negócios? Esta dissertação visa elucidar essa questão caracterizando as políticas monetária e fiscal ótimas para o Brasil no período pós Plano Real . Para tanto, será feito uso de um modelo de médio porte tal como proposto por Schmitt-Grohé e Uribe (2005). Médio porte, nada mais é do que a inclusão de quatro fontes de rigidez nominal: rigidez de preços, rigidez de salários, demanda por moeda por parte dos indivíduos e uma restrição cash-in-advance sobre a massa salarial das firmas. E cinco fontes de rigidez real: custos de ajustamento do investimento, utilização de capacidade variável, formação de hábitos, competição imperfeita nos mercados de produtos e fatores e taxação distorciva. Verificou-se que a estabilidade dos preços constitui essencialmente a política ótima.
A fundamental question in macroeconomics is how a benevolent government should conduct monetary and fiscal policies in the long-term and in the business cycles? This thesis aims to elucidate this question characterizing the optimal monetary and fiscal policies to Brazilin the period after the Real Plan. To do so, will be done using a medium-scale model as proposed by Schmitt-Grohé and Uribe (2005). Medium-scale, is nothing more than the inclusion of four sources of nominal rigidities: sticky prices, sticky wages, demand for money by individuals and a constraint cash-in-advance on the payroll of the firms. And five sources of real rigidities: investment adjustment costs, variable capacity utilization, habit formation, imperfect competition in product markets and factors and distorting taxation. It was found that price stability is essentially the optimal policy.
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Kuma-Kpobee, Mercy Afi. « Determination of a sizing system for mass customisation of Ghanaian women's traditional dress : and a conceptual framework for small and medium scale enterprises ». Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497775.

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Dress whether traditional or contemporary is a visual symbol that communicates the identity of individuals and groups who share a common background and heritage. This study identified that the usage of traditional dress in the Ghanaian society functions as an important medium for social differentiation in terms of identity construction which is communicated through its symbolic meaning. Traditional dress for women, known as "slit and kaba", previously consists of two pieces of cloth and a semi-fitted blouse which requires no standardised sizing and fit requirements but as this dress has undergone an evolution process into a skirt and blouse with western features, the fit and manufacturing quality has become increasingly important. The usage of this dress for both formal and informal functions and its evolution places importance on its overall production quality and fit.
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Lartey, Jerry. « Effective Vulnerability Management for Small Scale Organisations in Ghana ». Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75809.

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Most Small and Medium scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana are notparticularly anxious about the consequences of inadequacy or lack of anyform of vulnerability management operation in their normal businesspractices. This case study research explores how a local Internet ServiceProvider (ISP) in Ghana and its local client-base can manage vulnerabilitieswith a targeted patch management practise integrated into their operations.To answer the research question “How can a SME local Internet ServiceProvider (ISP) in Accra, Ghana, assist their local customer base to integrateeffective cybersecurity vulnerability management into their operations?“,This case study comprised the Subject Matter Expert of one local ISP as well as4 other technical Subject Matter Experts of the ISP’s clients about their patchmanagement operations. This case study research revealed that most SMEs donot consider vulnerability management as a key concern in the operation oftheir organisation and therefore, proposes a way to highlight the importanceof vulnerability management whiles doing so at a cost-effective manner. Theimplications of targeted cybersecurity patch management for the local ISP andtheir client-base is also addressed by this thesis research.
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Livres sur le sujet "Medium scale DSGE framework"

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Hansohm, Dirk. The economic policy framework for the promotion of small and medium scale enterprises in Africa. Ausspannplatz, Windhoek, Namibia : Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit, 1996.

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Adrian, Tobias, Vitor Gaspar et Francis Vitek. Medium-Scale DSGE Model for the Integrated Policy Framework. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Adrian, Tobias, Vitor Gaspar et Francis Vitek. Medium-Scale DSGE Model for the Integrated Policy Framework. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Adrian, Tobias, Vitor Gaspar et Francis Vitek. Medium-Scale DSGE Model for the Integrated Policy Framework. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Anheier, Helmut K., et Theodor Baums, dir. Advances in Corporate Governance. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198866367.001.0001.

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The governance of the modern corporation is broadly understood as the mechanisms, relations, and processes for balancing the interests of stakeholders. It spells out the rules and procedures for decision-making, accountability and transparency, and distributional rights. Corporate governance thus provides the framework in which corporate objectives are set, the means of attaining them, the kind of performance monitoring required, and by whom. In the aftermath of the global financial crisis and large-scale corporate failures, the issue of corporate governance has repeatedly received the attention of policy-makers and the wider public. Extending the study of corporate governance beyond that of listed corporations sheds new light on the overall performance of corporations in market economies. These include small and medium-sized corporations, non-profit organisations and philanthropic foundations, public corporations and public–private partnerships, social enterprises and cooperatives, international organisations, and corporations in cyberspace. A decade after the massive failures in the governance of financial corporations, and with continued governance failures in other parts of the economy since then, this volume takes stock and asks: what has been the performance of corporate governance regimes, and have regulatory changes and corporate governance codes made a difference? What are the strengths and weaknesses of current corporate governance systems and codes? How do corporate forms differ in their governance performance, and what have been the experiences across countries? And, finally, what implications for understanding governance behaviour and for policy-makers and regulators come to mind?
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Medium scale DSGE framework"

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Barry, Mamadou, et Norman S. Jennings. « 1. Addressing Social Tensions in Mining : A Framework for Greater Community Consultation and Participation ; Small-Scale Mining : Time for Deeds Not Words ». Dans Mining on a Small and Medium Scale, 1–16. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom : Practical Action Publishing, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780445489.001.

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Bhatia, R. L., S. V. AH et S. L. Chakravorty. « 4. Legislative Framework in Indian Mineral Sector and Scope for Its Improvement vis-a-vis Small Scale Mining ; Cluster-Mining : A Tested Concept for Small Mines ». Dans Mining on a Small and Medium Scale, 53–64. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom : Practical Action Publishing, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780445489.004.

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Traoré, Pierre A., et Olle Ostensson. « 2. Strategies for Development of Small/Medium Scale Mines in Africa ; An Integrated Participatory Framework for the Exploitation of Mineral Resources in the Context of Sustainable Development — The Case of Namaqualand, South Africa ». Dans Mining on a Small and Medium Scale, 17–34. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom : Practical Action Publishing, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780445489.002.

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Skopeliti, Andriani. « Best Pratices for Polygon Generalisation from medium to small Scale in a GIS Framework ». Dans Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 521–40. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19143-5_29.

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Tran, Thierry, Adebayo Abass, Luis Alejandro Taborda Andrade, Arnaud Chapuis, Marcelo Precoppe, Laurent Adinsi, Alexandre Bouniol et al. « Cost-Effective Cassava Processing : Case Study of Small-Scale Flash-Dryer Reengineering ». Dans Root, Tuber and Banana Food System Innovations, 105–43. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92022-7_4.

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AbstractThe development and scaling out of flash-dryer innovations for more efficient, small-scale production of high-quality cassava flour (HQCF) and starch is described. The diagnoses of cassava-processing SMEs (small and medium enterprises) revealed their energy expenditures for drying were considerably higher than those of large-scale industrial companies, which was mostly due to suboptimal design of flash-drying systems. As a result, small-scale production of cassava starch and HQCF often incurs high production costs, incompatible with market prices of final products. Taking stock of this situation, RTB scientists have developed several innovations to optimize energy efficiency and costs, including a longer drying pipe, reengineered heat exchanger, larger blower for higher air velocity, and a higher product/air ratio. This was based on numerical modelling to determine the key design features of energy-efficient flash dryers, followed by construction and demonstration of a pilot-scale prototype. As a result, improved small-scale flash dryers are now being scaled out to the private sector in various countries, using the Scaling Readiness framework and achieving 10–15% gains in productivity and incomes. A method for diagnosis of process efficiency is also described, to identify technical bottlenecks and to document and measure the outcomes and impacts during the implementation of scaling-out projects.
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Newton, Peter W., Peter W. G. Newman, Stephen Glackin et Giles Thomson. « The Global Greyfields Transition : Why Urban Redevelopment in Low-Density, Car-Based Middle Suburbs Needs a New Model ». Dans Greening the Greyfields, 1–48. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6238-6_1.

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AbstractThis chapter provides the framework and rationale for Greening the Greyfields and its two new models for greyfield precinct regeneration (GPR): place-activated and transit-activated GPR. They provide a basis for regenerative urban redevelopment in the middle-ring greyfield suburbs of fast-growing, low-density cities. Place-activated GPR advances a new development model for the ‘missing middle’ in cities: new medium-density housing at precinct scale. Transit-activated GPR extends new sustainable modes of mobility into car-dependent suburbs. Both processes are required for retrofitting suburbia to fix the shortcomings of mid- to late-twentieth-century urban planning and development.
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Lewis, Simon, et Joanna Wawrzyniak. « Introduction : Regions of Memory in Theory ». Dans Regions of Memory, 1–16. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93705-8_1.

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AbstractSetting the agenda for the chapters to come, the volume editors lay out in this chapter the importance of moving beyond the nation state in memory studies, arguing that a narrower and more specific framework than the global/universal needs to be developed. This is why they propose an alternative unit of analysis on the medium scale: the memory region, which allows for a more nuanced and accurate approach to memory processes and dynamics in various parts of the world. They emphasize connectivities between memories across national borders and cross-national orientation points in forming memories, as much as agency and subjectivity of memory actors in the construction and reconstruction of memory reference points and frameworks across borders. The authors discuss memory regions in reference to such concepts as: regimes of memory, geography of memory, area studies, and travels of memory.
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Kienzle, Josef, Brian Sims et Weldone Mutai. « Sustainable agricultural mechanization and commercialization for widespread adoption of conservation agriculture systems in Africa. » Dans Conservation agriculture in Africa : climate smart agricultural development, 382–401. Wallingford : CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0024.

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Abstract To confront the situations of climate crisis, natural resource degradation and rising populations, farmers need access to modern sustainable agricultural technologies, especially Conservation Agriculture (CA) and sustainable agricultural mechanization (SAM). Without such access, the UN's SDGs will not be met in their entirety. The implications of mechanizing CA are discussed for both smallholder and larger-scale farmers. Constraints, issues and options are reviewed and the need for commercial, private sector, CA mechanization service provision for smallholders is identified. The Framework for Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization for Africa (SAMA) is a key pillar for achieving Aspiration 1 (a prosperous Africa based on inclusive growth and sustainable development) of the African Union's (AU) Agenda 2063; and SDG 2 (ending hunger and achieving food security). The move towards commercialization of smallholder agriculture in Africa is seen as an inevitable reality in the medium term. It is also a necessary prerequisite for the adoption of SAM, which is being actively promoted in Africa, both at the level of the AU and by national governments, research centres, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and private-sector agricultural machinery companies. The policy dimensions of promoting SAM are discussed from the public and private-sector perspectives. A forward look identifies novel business models for sustainable mechanization services, an increasing application of information technology (IT) and the (longer term) potential for drones and robotics. The conclusion is that CA and SAM are essential ways forward to answer Africa's needs for sustainable food production while engaging young entrepreneurs in the provision of mechanization services using IT, digital tools and precision equipment.
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Fantechi, Federico, et Ugo Fratesi. « Firm Competitiveness, Specialisation, and Employment Growth : Territorial Level Relationships ». Dans Springer Proceedings in Political Science and International Relations, 91–105. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18161-0_6.

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AbstractThe concept of competitiveness is today a central element for regional development, European cohesion policies and smart specialisation strategies. Despite being born for firm-level analyses, competitiveness is indeed commonly used at the territorial level, mainly at the regional or urban scale, normally measured with different composite structural indicators. However, since territorial competitiveness is unevenly distributed in space, territorial units smaller than a full NUTS-2 region might be differently competitive and hence suited to implement differentiated cohesion policies and smart specialisation strategies. To test the hypothesis that these firm-level indicators can characterize the intraregional differences in aggregate performance, the paper sets up a meta-analysis framework between these indicators and structural indicators (employment growth and specialisation index) measured at the NUTS-3 level. For the meta-analysis at this novel intraregional level, the paper exploits the Lombardy region as a case study. Lombardy is well suited for the aims of this paper, being a large and competitive European region, whose territory—as well as its labor market—is highly differentiated, from peripheral and mountainous areas to many medium and small cities, second-tier large cities and a large metropolitan area—the city of Milan. All these territories are characterized by different economic and social vocations, but all share the same regional administration. The results of the meta-analysis show that firm-level indicators correlate with the aggregate performance of regions and that the structural measures selected can characterize different territories in different conditions. Hence, the competitiveness of firms seems to translate into aggregate territorial performance at small spatial scales. This implies that territorial specificities are also relevant inside regions and should be considered in designing regional policy interventions, such as those of the Smart Specialisation Strategy (S3).
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Gbode, Imoleayo E., Vincent O. Ajayi, Kehinde O. Ogunjobi, Jimy Dudhia et Changhai Liu. « Impacts of Global Warming on West African Monsoon Rainfall ». Dans African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2469–83. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_93.

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AbstractThe impacts of global warming on rainfall in West Africa were examined using a numerical framework for 5 monsoon years (2001, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011). Rainfall characteristics over the three climatic zones, Guinea coast, Savannah, and Sahel, were analyzed. The potential changes associated with global warming were assessed by the pseudo-global warming (PGW) downscaling method. Multiple PGW runs were conducted using climate perturbation from the 40-member ensemble of the Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) coupled with Community Atmospheric Model version 5.2 (CAM5.2) component large ensemble project. The model output was compared with Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and Global Precipitation Climatology Project rainfall alongside surface temperature from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast Reanalysis. Results show that the estimated rainfall amount from the future climate in the 2070s increases slightly compared with the current climate. The total rainfall amount simulated for the current climate is 16% and 63% less than that of the PGW runs and observations, respectively. Also found is an increase (decrease) in heavy (light and moderate) rainfall amount in the PGW runs. These results are, however, contingent on the global circulation model (GCM), which provides the boundary conditions of the regional climate model. CESM1.0-CAM5.2, the GCM employed in this study, tends to provide a greater surface temperature change of about 4 °C. This projected temperature change consequently caused the increase in the simulated precipitation in the PGW experiments, thus highlighting the advantage of using the PGW method to estimate the likely difference between the present and future climate with reduced large-scale model differences and computational resources. The findings of this study are, however, useful to inform decision-making in climate-related activities and guide the design of climate change adaptation projects for the West African region.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Medium scale DSGE framework"

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Zhao, Wei. « Heterogeneous Expectations in An Estimated Medium-Scale DSGE Model ». Dans 3rd Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2017). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/sschd-17.2017.98.

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Zhou, Jingwen, Zhenbang Chen, Haibo Mi et Ji Wang. « MTracer : A Trace-Oriented Monitoring Framework for Medium-Scale Distributed Systems ». Dans 2014 IEEE 8th International Symposium on Service Oriented System Engineering (SOSE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sose.2014.37.

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Pena, Luis, Sascha Ossowski et Jose-Maria Pena. « vBattle : A new framework to simulate medium-scale battles in individual-per-individual basis ». Dans 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cig.2009.5286492.

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Jain, Nishant, Abhinav Tomar et Prasanta K. Jana. « Novel Framework for Performance Prediction of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises : A Machine Learning Approach ». Dans 2018 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacci.2018.8554747.

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Vaitla, Raviteja, Vrinda A. Gaikwad, Abhinav Reddy S. et Jong Han Yoon. « Developing a Multi Project-Collaboration Based IPD Framework for Small & ; Medium Scale Enterprises in the Construction Industry ». Dans 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC). International Group for Lean Construction, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24928/2022/0179.

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Yap, Y. F., A. Goharzadeh, F. M. Vargas et J. C. Chai. « Pore-Scale Investigation of Two-Phase Drainage Process in a Microchannel ». Dans ASME 2013 4th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2013-22231.

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This article presents a level-set method to investigate two-phase drainage of oil by water in microchannel with numerous blockages in the middle section, mimicking a porous medium of different permeability at the pore-scale level. The presented framework is intended for gaining an understanding of the nature of flow and transport at the pore-scale level. In particular, the sweeping efficiency for the drainage process is parametrically studied for system with different viscosities and surface tension.
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Talamadupula, Krishna K., Adarsh K. Chaurasia et Gary D. Seidel. « 2-Scale Hierarchical Multiscale Modeling of Piezoresistive Response in Polymer Nanocomposite Bonded Explosives ». Dans ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-9111.

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The current work aims to explore the effective piezoresistive response of polymer bonded explosive (PBX) materials where the polymer medium is reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The effective piezoresistive response of these nanocomposite bound polymer explosives (NCBX) is evaluated using micromechanics based 2-scale hierarchical model connecting the CNT-polymer nanocomposite scale (nanoscale) to the explosive grain structure scale (microscale). The binding nanocomposite medium is modeled as electromechanical cohesive zones between adjacent explosive grains which are representative of effective electromechanical response of CNT-polymer nanocomposites. The hierarchical framework developed here is used to explore key features of the NCBX microstructure, e.g. ratio of grain to nanocomposite stiffness, ratio of grain to nanocomposite conductivities etc., and related to the NCBX effective piezoresistive response. The results obtained from the current work show dependence of effective NCBX piezoresistive properties on each of these microstructural features with and without interfacial damage between the explosive grains.
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Talamadupula, Krishna K., Adarsh K. Chaurasia et Gary D. Seidel. « 2-Scale Hierarchical Multiscale Modeling of Piezoresistive and Damage Response in Polymer Nanocomposite Bonded Explosive ». Dans ASME 2016 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2016-9234.

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This paper builds on previous work done [1, 2] to explore the effective piezoresistive response of polymer bonded explosive (PBX) materials where the polymer medium is reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In the present work, the nanocomposite binder is modeled explicitly as a piezoresistive material whose properties are determined from the nanoscale through a micromechanics based 2-scale hierarchical model connecting the nanoscale to the microscale grain structure. Electromechanical cohesive zones are used to model the interface between the grains and nanocomposite binder in order to characterize interface separation and the resulting piezoresistive effect. The overall microscale piezoresistive effect is measured by using the volume averaged properties of the microscale RVE. The hierarchical framework developed here is used to explore key features of the NCBX microstructure such as the effect of grain conductivity, weight percentage of CNTs used and nanocomposite gage factor.
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Gruben, Gaute, Stephane Dumoulin, Håkon Nordhagen, Morten Hammer et Svend T. Munkejord. « Simulation of a Full-Scale CO2 Fracture Propagation Test ». Dans 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78631.

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In this study, we present results from a numerical model of a full-scale fracture propagation test where the pipe sections are filled with impure, dense liquid-phase carbon dioxide. All the pipe sections had a 24″ outer diameter and a diameter/thickness ratio of ∼32. A near symmetric telescopic set-up with increasing toughness in the West and East directions was applied. Due to the near symmetric conditions in both set-up and results, only the East direction is modelled in the numerical study. The numerical model is built in the framework of the commercial finite element (FE) software LS-DYNA. The fluid dynamics is solved using an in-house computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver which is coupled with the FE solver through a user-defined loading subroutine. As part of the coupling scheme, the FE model sends the crack opening profile to the CFD solver which returns the pressure from the fluid. The pipeline is discretized by shell elements, while the backfill is represented by the smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The steel pipe is described by the J2 constitutive model and an energy-based fracture criterion, while the Mohr-Coulomb material model is applied for the backfill material. The CFD solver applies a one-dimensional homogeneous equilibrium model where the thermodynamic properties of the CO2 are represented by the Peng-Robinson equation-of-state (EOS). The results from the simulations in terms of crack velocity and pressure agree well with the experimental data for the low and medium toughness pipe sections, while a conservative prediction is given for the high-toughness section. Further work for strengthening the reliability of the model to predict the arrest vs. no-arrest boundary of a running ductile fracture is addressed.
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Sui, P. C., N. Djilali et Qianpu Wang. « A Pore Scale Model for the Transport Phenomena in the Catalyst Layer of a PEM Fuel Cell ». Dans ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52152.

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In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the catalyst layer is a porous medium made of carbon-supported catalysts and solid electrolyte, and has a thickness in the order of 10 μm. Within this layer, complex transport phenomena take place: transport of charged species (H+, electrons and ionic radicals), non-charged species (gaseous H2O, O2, H2, N2 and liquid water) and heat transfer occur in their own pathways. Furthermore, phase change of water and physiochemical/electrochemical reactions also take place on phase boundaries. These transport process take place in an intertwined network of materials having characteristic length scale ranging from nano-meters to micro-meters. The objective of the present study is two-fold, i.e., to develop a rigorous theoretical framework based on which the transport in the micro-structural level can be modelled, and to construct a pore scale model that resolves the geometry of the phases (carbon, ionomer and gas pores) for which direct numerical simulation can be performed. The theoretical framework is developed by employing the volume-averaging techniques for multi-phase porous media. The complete set of the conservation equations for all species in all phases are derived and every interfacial transport is accounted. The problem of model closure on the terms in the transport equations is addressed by the pore-scale model reported in the present study. A 3-D pore-scale model is constructed by a solid model that consists of packing spherical carbon particles and simulated ionomer coating on these carbon aggregates. The index system of the pore-scale model allows easy identification of volumetric pathway, interfaces and triple phase boundaries. The transport of charged and non-charged species is simulated by solving the equations based on first principle in the entire representative element volume (REV) domain. The computational domain contains typically several million cells and a parallelized, iterative solver, GMRES, is employed to solve the coupled transport with complex geometries. Computational results based on the pore-scale model show that the effective transport properties of the species are strongly affected by the micro-structure, e.g. morphology and phase-connectivity. Further simulations and investigation on the coupling effects of the transport are underway. Combination of the proposed theoretical framework and pore-scale model will lay a foundation for the construction of multi-scale modelling of the PEMFC catalyst layer. On the one hand, the pore-scale model helps close the macroscopic volume-averaged equations in the framework. On the other hand, the pore-scale model provides a platform to include microscopic or atomistic simulations.
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