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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Medicine – Philosophy – History »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Medicine – Philosophy – History"

Maluleka, P., et T. Mathebula. « Trends in African philosophy and their implications for the Africanisation of the South Africa history caps curriculum : a case study of Odera Oruka philosophy ». Yesterday and Today 27 (2022) : 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2223-0386/2022/n27a3.

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A Kenyan philosopher, Henry Odera Oruka (1944-1995), conceptualised and articulated the six trends in African philosophy. These are ethno-philosophy, nationalistic-ideological philosophy, artistic (or literary philosophy), professional philosophy, philosophic sagacity and hermeneutic philosophy. In this article, we maintain that the last three of these trends, namely professional philosophy, philosophic sagacity, and hermeneutic philosophy, are useful in our attempt to contribute to Africanising the school history curriculum (SHC) in the Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) in post-apartheid South Africa. Against this background, we make use of Maton's (2014) Epistemic-Pedagogic Device (EPD), building on from Bernstein's (1975) Pedagogic Device as a theoretical framework to view African philosophy and its implications for the Africanisation of the SHC in CAPS in post-apartheid South Africa. Through the lens of Maton's EPD, we show how the CAPS' philosophy of education is questionable; untenable since it promotes 'differences of content'; and is at the crossroads, i.e., it is stretched and pulled in different directions in schools. Ultimately, we argue that Oruka's three trends form a three-piece suit advertising one's academic discipline (professional philosophy); showing South Africa's rich history told in the words ofAfrican elders (sage philosophy); and imploring school history learners to embark on a restless, unfinished quest for knowledge in the classrooms in post-apartheid South Africa.

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Borkowska, Katarzyna. « Historia medycyny na pograniczu dziedzin. Rozważania na marginesie książki Medicina, antiqua mediaevalis et moderna. Historia – filozofia – religia, red. S. Konarska-Zimnicka, L. Kostuch i B. Wojciechowska, Kielce 2019 ». Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki, n^o 4 (2020) : 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/0023589xkhnt.20.032.12865.

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History of Medicine at the Intersection of Disciplines. Reflections on the Margins of Medicina, antiqua mediaevalis et moderna. Historia – filozofia – religia [Medicina, antiqua mediaevalis et moderna. History – Philosophy – Religion], ed. by S. Konarska-Zimnicka, L. Kostuch and B. Wojciechowska, Kielce 2019 The article discusses the status of the history of medicine at the intersection of disciplines, with reference to the edited volume: Medicina, antiqua mediaevalis et moderna. Historia – filozofia – religia [Medicina, antiqua mediaevalis et moderna. History – Philosophy – Religion] (ed. by S. Konarska-Zimnicka, L. Kostuch and B. Wojciechowska, Kielce 2019). The author focuses on the ancient idea of the unity of body and soul to draw attention to the dependence of medical practices on cultural conditions, using the example of the recipe for headache from Plato’s Charmides and the articles in Medicina, antiqua mediaevalis et moderna.

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Kaufman, Igor S. « Philosophy of medicine and historiography of medicine ». Vestnik of Samara State Technical University. Series Philosophy 4, n^o 2 (29 juillet 2022) : 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vsgtu-phil.2022.2.7.

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Historiography and philosophy of medicine has met with dramatic disciplinary rise in the recent decades. Philosophers of biomedical sciences response to the rise resulted in writing of some innovative and detailed studies. On contrary the research in historiography of medicine is dominated by the case-studies and non-contextualist approaches. Only recently the history of the early modern medicine has received proper place in the scholarship. Still the philosophy and historiography of the early military modern medicine lacks due research attention. Our contribution attempts to explain why the history of the early military modern medicine is core element of the genesis of modern medicine.

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Radu, Mirela. « Medicine versus philosophy ». Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 120, n^o 2 (2 août 2017) : 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2017.120.2.5.

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The ancient Greek medicine was based on the principle that philosophy influences all natural sciences as a whole. The doctor had, first of all, a humanistic formation followed by study of applied sciences specific to medicine. If humanism is purely theoretical, medicine is an applied science and the two-philosophy and medical knowledge, despite the apparent antinomy are able to create a union to the benefit of humanity. Medicine is the art of treating patients, identifying diseases and malady prevention. In its endeavor, medicine is based on the findings of numerous other fields such as physics, chemistry, anatomy, physiology, etc. Philosophy, on the other hand, can be defined as an attempt to understand human life as a whole. It is inevitable that the two ways of dealing with human beings to have influenced each other and the history of mankind. Both forms of knowledge have a major impact and influence on the world. Philosophy, understood in its older meaning, urged towards the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases of the soul whereas medicine, relying on philosophical teachings is aimed at healing the body and study its psychosomatic features.

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Longrigg, James. « Presocratic Philosophy and Hippocratic Medicine ». History of Science 27, n^o 1 (mars 1989) : 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/007327538902700101.

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Oparin, O. A. « Medicine in the Byzantine empire : history and philosophy ». Shidnoevropejskij zurnal vnutrisnoi ta simejnoi medicini 2020, n^o 2b (décembre 2020) : 70–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/internalmed2020.02b.070.

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It is shown that the history of medicine in the Byzantine Empire is characterized by almost complete stagnation of development throughout the entire thousand years of the empire, for which characteristic was the domination of religious and magical practices represented as astrology, magic, occultism, neoplatonism over scientific ones, extremely low levels of education and training of doctors. The article points out that one of the leading causes of stagnation of the development of medical science in the Byzantine Empire was the formation of the civil church, which was completely controlled, both in administrative and doctrinal terms, by imperial government, which led to the secularization of the church and its transformation in a great feudal lord; to introduction of pagan beliefs and provisions to the church; to formation and prosperity of superstitions and rituals characteristic of paganism. It is shown that the state subjugating church lost its necessary spiritual foundation (without which it is impossible to build a healthy and prosperous society) resulting in the formation of extremely backward socio-economic situation of Byzantium, with long persistence of slave relations, pervasive embezzlement, huge bureaucracy, corrupt executive system, sharp stratification of society, low level of science in general and medicine in particular.

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Trochimska-Kubacka, Beata. « Andrzeja J. Norasa badania nad neokantyzmem ». Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia 16, n^o 2 (2 décembre 2021) : 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.2.10.

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The paper presents the scholarly profile and scientific accomplishments of Andrzej J. Noras, a distinguished philosopher and historian of philosophy. Noras was an indisputable authority in the area of Neo-Kantianism philosophy. He was particularly interested in the issue of the periodisation of history of philosophy, the issues of philosophical systems, the relation between philosophy and psychology, as well as the question of the method of history of philosophy. Outlining Noras’s contribution of to the interpretation of the neo-Kantian philosophy, the paper includes also an overview of his major works, Historia neokantyzmu [History of Neo-Kantianism] and Kłopoty filozofii [Problems of Philosophy].

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Mu, XiYeLe, Lan Feng, Na Ta, Li Bai, RuRe A, GenNa Ba et MingHai Fu. « History, philosophy and modern research of traditional Mongolian medicine ». History and Philosophy of Medicine 4, n^o 4 (2022) : 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53388/hpm20221001022.

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Nowak, Witold. « Stefan Harassek and the problems of contemporary philosophy ». Galicja. Studia i materiały 8 (2022) : 248–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/galisim.2022.8.17.

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The influence of the national factor on philosophy is expressed in two models of the history of philosophy: the problem-oriented and the culturalist one. The culturalist variety of the history of philosophy includes not only the problems themselves, the ways in which they are solved and the reconstruction of the argumentation, but also the entire cultural context of a given philosophical oeuvre. Among factors influencing philosophy, the analysis also includes the national tradition in which the philosopher is situated. A culturalist history of philosophy requires a high degree of cultural competence and erudition. The researcher must be able to show the interrelationships of the various fields of human culture: philosophy, religion, science, literature, and visual arts. Writing a problem-based history of philosophy, on the other hand, requires the researcher to have developed analytical skills.

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Bastian, Misty L., M. Akin Makinde et Daniel A. Offiong. « African Philosophy, Culture, and Traditional Medicine ». Journal of Religion in Africa 24, n^o 1 (février 1994) : 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1581377.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Medicine – Philosophy – History"

Kassell, Lauren. « Simon Forman's philosophy of medicine : medicine, astrology and alchemy in London, c.1580-1611 ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270851.

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Normandin, Sebastien. « Visions of vitalism : medicine, philosophy and the soul in nineteenth century France ». Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100666.

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Vitalism is an underappreciated and often misunderstood idea. This thesis seeks to explore the historical origins and meanings of vitalism in 19th century France; tracing the transition from medical vitalism in the Montpellier School in the late 18th and early 19th century to a largely philosophical vitalism in the late 19th century, emblemized by Henri Bergson.
I argue that the decline of medical vitalism was brought about by the rise of scientific medicine, the experimentalism of physiologists like Claude Bernard and the growing influence of positivism in late 19th century France. I see the seminal moment of this transition from a metaphysical to a scientific world-view in the materialism-spiritualism controversy of the 1850s, which was sparked by the development of modern biology and the experimental life sciences.
Despite its general disappearance from mainstream medicine and science, vitalism continued to have echoes in a number of fields in the 20th century, and remains a concept relevant to our contemporary circumstances.

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Shelton, Paul Hunter. « The cook as physician : medical philosophy, nutrition, and diet in England, 1450-1650 / ». Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08182009-040212/.

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Walmsley, Jonathan Craig. « John Locke's natural philosophy (1632-1671) ». Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.286485.

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Rossouw, Theresa Marie. « A dialectical interpretation of the history of Western medicine : perspectives, problems and possibilities ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53240.

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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The health of the medical profession hangs in the balance. Scepticism, mistrust and legal restraints have entered its hallowed corridors and are threatening its integrity and independence. There are myriad seemingly intractable moral dilemmas that doctors, ethicists and judges are trying to resolve with the aid of available principles and rules of ethical discourse; yet, the answers remain elusive. Hegel, the eighteenth century philosopher, postulated that perplexity only exists because we do not look at the world correctly: because we tend to think in an oppositional way, we abstract from the complex interrelation of things. He therefore suggested that one should step back and think reflectively about the problem and seek the one-sided assumptions that led to the impasse. My proposition is that at the heart of many of the current medical dilemmas lies the opposition between paternalism and autonomy. These two fundamental concepts arose out of two different traditions, and now, because they have been abstracted from the contexts and histories that inform them, seem to be diametrically opposed. Paternalism arose out of the ethics of competence that originated in ancient Greece. The art of medicine was still in its infancy and physicians had to prove their ability and benevolence to a mistrustful public. Demonstration of competence became a necessary component of any successful practice. As the power of medicine grew with the scientific and technological advances of the Enlightenment, professionals' authority and competence were reinforced and systematically fostered a paternalistic attitude at the expense of adequate protection of the individual. In response to the power differential found in the political and social arena, individual human rights were promulgated in the eighteenth century. In the medical sphere, the culture of rights was translated into, among others, the fundamental right to autonomy. Patients now have the right to decide on interventions and treatment in accordance with their own conception of a good life. Paternalism thus developed out of a societal system that embraced the virtues and communal responsibility within the bounds of the polis of antiquity; autonomy arose out of the designs of the Enlightenment where the individual was hailed supreme. Remnants of both traditions are evident in contemporary medicine, but they have been abstracted from their original purpose and meaning, leading to perplexity and antagonism. Following the Hegelian method of dialectic, I postulate a thesis of paternalism, and in response to this, an antithesis of autonomy. I attempt to show that an intransigent insistence on one side or the other will only serve to strengthen the paradox and fail to lead to an acceptable solution. I aim to develop a synthesis where both concepts are embraced with the help ofa better understanding of human nature and the inevitable limits of human knowledge. Influenced by the work of the psychoanalyst Carl Jung, I firstly argue for the existence of a biological human need for compassion and thus the importance of virtue ethics, which embraces this need. Secondly, focusing on the ethics of futurity developed by Hans Jonas, I delineate the altered nature of human action and the derivative need for an ethics of responsibility. I propose possibilities for the future based on the ideas of compassion, virtue and responsibility and argue that they can only be reconciled in a pluralistic ethic.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die mediese professie het'n dokter nodig. Een wat kan sin maak van die wantroue en vyandigheid wat te bespeur is in die pasient-dokter verhouding en wat toepaslike terapie kan voorskryf Al die pogings tot behandeling deur middel van reëls, regulasies en etiese kodes het tot dusver misluk en het vele skynbaar-onoplosbare morele dilemmas agtergelaat. Die Duitse filosoof, Hegel, het in die agtiende eeu aangevoer dat verwarring onstaan bloot omdat ons die wêreld op die verkeerde wyse beskou: die mens is geneig tot opposisionele denke en neem daarom nie die komplekse onderlinge verbintenisse van die onderskeie elemente in ag nie. Hegel het dus voorgestel dat wanneer ons met sulke hardnekkige situasies gekonfronteer word, ons 'n tree terug neem en die situasie reflektiewelik ondersoek vir eensydige veronderstellings. My hipotese is dat baie van die etiese dilemmas wat op die oomblik in medisyne voorkom, voortvloei uit die opposisie tussen paternalisme en outonomitiet. Hierdie twee fundamentele beginsels het uit twee verskillende tradisies ontstaan en nou, omdat hulle nie meer in hulle oorspronklike konteks voorkom nie, vertoon hulle skynbaar teenstellend. Paternalisme het onstaan vanuit die etiek van bevoegdheid wat teruggevoer kan word na die tyd van Hippocrates. Medisyne was 'n nuwe professie wat nog sy eerbaarheid en welwillendheid aan 'n wantrouige publiek moes bewys. Bevoegdheid was dus 'n essensiële komponent van enige suksesvolle praktyk. Indrukwekkende vooruitgang in die dissiplines van wetenskap en tegnologie sedert die agtiende eeu het dokters se gesag en bevoegdheid bevorder en stelselmatig 'n paternalistiese houding gekweek ten koste van toepaslike beskerming van die individu. In respons tot die magsverskil in die politieke en sosiale sfeer het 'n beweging in hierdie tyd ontstaan om universêle mensseregte te bewerkstellig. In medisyne het hierdie regsbeweging gekulmineer in, onder andere, die fundamentele reg tot self-beskikking - in ander woorde, outonomiteit. Die pasient is dus nou geregtig daarop om selfte besluit oor ingrepe en behandeling op grond van sylhaar konsep van 'n goeie en sinvolle lewe. Paternalisme het dus ontstaan uit 'n samelewing waar die deugte en gemeenskapsverantwoordelikhede integraal was tot die funksionering van die polis; outonomie aan die ander kant, het ontstaan uit die idees van Die Verligting waar die individu as belangriker as die gemeenskap geag is. Volgens die Hegeliaanse dialektiese metode, postuleer ek dus 'n tesis van paternalisme en in respons daartoe, 'n antitese van outonomiteit. Ek voer aan dat 'n eiewillige aandrang op een of die ander die dilemma net sal verdiep. Ek poog dus om 'n sintese te ontwikkel wat albei konsepte inkorporeer met behulp van 'n analise van die aard van die mens en die noodwendige beperkinge van sy kennis. Geskool op die werk van die psigoanalis Carl Jung, bespreek ek die mens se biologiese behoefte aan medelye en stel dus die saak vir die belang van 'n etiek van deugte wat hierdie behoefte onderskraag. Tweedens, beinvloed deur die etiek van die toekoms, soos beskryf deur Hans Jonas, ontwikkel ek die idee van die gewysigde skaal van menslike dade en gevolglik die noodsaklikheid van 'n etiek van verantwoordelikheid. Ek postuleer dus 'n benadering wat wentel om die konsepte van medelye, deug en verantwoordelikheid wat slegs in die vorm van 'n pluralistiese etiek tot uiting kan kom.

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Dyde, Sean Kieran. « Brains, minds and nerves in British medicine and physiology, 1764-1852 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648694.

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Shillito, Alex Benjamin. « How the Heart Became Muscle : From René Descartes to Nicholas Steno ». Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7939.

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This dissertation addresses the heartbeat and the systems of natural philosophy that were used to explain it in the 17th century. Thus, I work in two domains of explanation. The first domain is physiology, in which William Harvey correctly ordered the heart’s systolic and diastolic motions, while René Descartes incorrectly reversed them. By looking at Harvey and Descartes’ more complete physiological models I reconsider the controversy that spun out of their divergent accounts. The second domain is the junction of physics and metaphysics, representing the frameworks of natural philosophy behind physiology. I argue that Harvey’s physiology was correct while his supporting principles were “wrong,” and Descartes’ physiology was incorrect while his supporting principles were “right.” Thus, my thesis is that Harvey was “right” but perhaps for the wrong reasons, while Descartes was “wrong” but perhaps for the right reasons. Of course, this judgement is made from a contemporary perspective. By using a contextualist approach to history, I aim to show how the controversy between Harvey and Descartes resolved in Nicolas Steno, when he discovered that the heart is a muscle.

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Holman, Bennett Harvey. « The fundamental antagonism| science and commerce in medical epistemology ». Thesis, University of California, Irvine, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3727347.

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I consider the claims made by medical ethicists that funding by pharmaceutical companies threaten the integrity of medical research and the claims of philosophers of science that evidence-based medicine can provide a sound epistemic foundation on which to base medical treatment decisions. Drawing on both game theory and medical history, I argue that both medical ethicists and philosophers of science have missed crucial aspects of medical research. I show that both veritistic and commercial aims are enduring and entrenched aspects of medical research. Because these two drives are perpetually pulling medical research in different directions, I identify the resultant conflict as the fundamental antagonism

The primary task of the dissertation is to provide a framework that incorporates both drivers of medical research. Specifically, I argue that medical research is best conceived of as an asymmetric arms race. Such a dynamic is typified by a series of moves and countermoves between competing parties who are adjusting to one another's behavior, in this case between those who seek to make medical practice more responsive to good evidence and those whose primary motivations are instead commercial in character.

Such a model presents three challenges to standard evidential hierarchies which equate epistemic reliability with methodological rigor. The first is to show that reliability and rigor can (and do) come apart as a result of the countermeasures employed by manufactures. This fact suggests that in considering policy proposals to improve epistemic reliability, it is robustness (i.e. resistance to manipulation) that should be the crucial desideratum. The second consequence is a reorientation of medical epistemology. One of the primary strategies that manufacturers have employed is to manipulate the dissemination of information. A focus on an isolated knower obscures the impact that industry has in shaping what information is available. To address these problems medical knowledge must be understood from a social epistemological framework. Finally, and most importantly, the arms race account suggests that the goal of identifying the perfect experimental design or inference pattern is chimerical. There is no final resolution to the fundamental antagonism between commercial and scientific forces. There is only a next move.

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Tam, Man-yee County, et 譚敏義. « The interiorization of life nuturing skills and the medical culture in late imperial China ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43085817.

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Nicolae, Daniel Sebastian. « A mediaeval court physician at work : Ibn Jumay''s commentary on the Canon of Medicine ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e8e53786-7e15-4cf9-928b-dd492a740acd.

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Ibn Jumay''s (d. c. 594/1198) commentary on the Canon of Medicine by Ibn Sīnā (d. 428/1037) occupies an important place in the history of medicine for it is the first Canon commentary written by a physician and thus stands at the start of a tradition extending over 500 years. In addition, it is a so-far neglected source for our understanding of mediaeval Islamic medicine. The present thesis analyses the commentary with the aims of (1) determining the methods by which the court physician composed his treatise and (2) understanding why Ibn Jumay' undertook to prepare a commentary on one of the most thorough medical compendia of the middle ages. Chapter One presents the biography of Ibn Jumay', reveals that his religion had little impact on his writings and surveys his library which played a pivotal role in the composition of the commentary. Chapter Two investigates Ibn Jumay''s methodology in the entire commentary; it reveals that with his philological and source-critical methods Ibn Jumay' wanted to establish an authoritative reading of the Canon and to demonstrate the high degree of his erudition. Chapter Three focuses on selected passages in the commentary in form of three case studies. Ibn Jumay''s comments on anatomy/dissection, assorted materia medica and headaches demonstrate the court physician’s reverence for ancient authorities and his quest to revive and refine their teachings. Chapter Four contextualises Ibn Jumay''s methods and agenda by comparing them to those of other relevant scholars of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The thesis concludes by arguing that Ibn Jumay''s commentary was part of his revival of the art of medicine and his attempt to gain power in the medical tradition by attaching his name to one of the greatest scholars of his time — the ra'īs Ibn Sīnā.

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Livres sur le sujet "Medicine – Philosophy – History"

Writings on medicine. New York : Fordham University Press, 2012.

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Greek rational medicine : Philosophy and medicine from Alcmaeon to the Alexandrians. London : Routledge, 1993.

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Newsome, Frederick V. An African American philosophy of medicine. Pittsburgh, PA : Dorrance Publishing Co, 2020.

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Canguilhem, Georges. Writings on medicine. New York : Fordham University Press, 2012.

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Shelton, Herbert M. The myth of medicine. Boca Raton, FL : Cool Hand Communications, 1995.

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Disease : In search of remedy. Urbana : University of Illinois Press, 1996.

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S, Rousseau G., Gill Miranda et Haycock David Boyd 1968-, dir. Framing and imagining disease in cultural history. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire : Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

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1948-, Löwy Ilana, dir. The Polish school of philosophy of medicine : From Tytus Chalubinski (1820-1889) to Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961). Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic, 1990.

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U, Unschuld Paul. Chinese medicine. Brookline, Mass : Paradign Publications, 1998.

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Mauskopf, Seymour. Integrating History and Philosophy of Science : Problems and Prospects. Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Medicine – Philosophy – History"

Reed, James. « History of Contraceptive Practices ». Dans Philosophy and Medicine, 15–38. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3397-2_2.

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Noonan, John T. « The History of Contraception : Seven Choices ». Dans Philosophy and Medicine, 3–14. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3397-2_1.

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Peset, José Luis. « On the History of Medical Causality ». Dans Philosophy and Medicine, 57–74. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2960-4_5.

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Gardell, Mary Ann. « Sexual Ethics : Some Perspectives from the History of Philosophy ». Dans Philosophy and Medicine, 3–15. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-3943-2_1.

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Sobiech, Frank. « Niels Stensen’s Character Sketch in History (Seventeenth to Twenty-First Century) ». Dans Philosophy and Medicine, 155–83. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32912-3_3.

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McCullough, Laurence B. « The Place of Percival’s Medical Ethics in the History of Medical Ethics ». Dans Philosophy and Medicine, 239–88. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86036-3_4.

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Boorse, Christopher. « Goals of Medicine ». Dans History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences, 145–77. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29091-1_9.

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McCullough, Laurence B. « Thomas Percival Joins Gregory’s Moral Revolution Against the Long Tradition of Entrepreneurial Medicine in the History of Western Medicine ». Dans Philosophy and Medicine, 149–237. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86036-3_3.

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Anstey, Peter R. « John Locke and Helmontian Medicine ». Dans Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 93–117. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3686-5_6.

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Keane, Niall. « On the Origins of Illness and the Hiddenness of Health : A Hermeneutic Approach to the History of a Problem ». Dans Philosophy and Medicine, 57–72. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9870-9_4.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Medicine – Philosophy – History"

MARTSENIUK, Maryna. « ON THE INFLUENCE OF HAPPINESS ON HUMAN HEALTH ». Dans Happiness And Contemporary Society : Conference Proceedings Volume. SPOLOM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2021.42.

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The article considers the concept and phenomen on of happiness from the perspective of different authors. The subjective perception and interpretation of the term happiness and the vital interest in this phenomen on by such sciences as philosophy, ethics, psychology, history, medicine. The concept of happiness in a narrow (fate, talent, luck, success, joy) and broad (psycho-emotional state of complete satisfaction with life, a sense of complete joy) senses has been covered. The ratings of the countries on the level of happiness among population (WorldHappinessReport) and the «happiness index» studied by the international foundation NEF (NewEconomicsFoundation) have been analyzed, along with the position of Ukraine. The finding soft helongest-running study from Harvard University, which aimed to find out what makes people happy from adolescence to old age, have been presented. It has been found that good relationships with people make us happier and healthier. Good social connections are good for us, but loneliness shortens life. It was proved that the happiest of the participants in the experiment, even feeling physicalpain, stayed positive. In stead, un happy people feltthat the physical pain became even stronger dueto a bad emotional state. The importance of a spouse supporting, and its positive impact on such a process as memory was emphasized. Instead, it was noted that their memory did not deteriorate as rapidly as in single people. Key words: health, life satisfaction, feelings of happiness, level of happiness.

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Canina, Marita. « Biodesign : Overcoming Disciplinary Barriers ». Dans ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59458.

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A new discipline has been introduced into today’s multicultural scientific context — Biodesign. Behind the main philosophical concept of Biodesign is the human body; considered a psycho-biological unicum. Research activities aim at developing artificial devices which can be fully integrated into the human body, or rather into the prosthetic human being. During the last decade, the interest of design research and the study of solutions specifically focused on the human being gave rise to a number of disciplines characterized by the prefix “bio”, which comes from the Greek word for life. This prefix may refer to various thematic areas such as: engineering, medicine, architecture, physics and chemistry. These areas can be considered as already well-established disciplines. This means that these sectors have already reached certain solutions that led them to concentrate their efforts on an in-depth study of the human-being, in order to tackle what could be called the “bio” problem. Each discipline, therefore, performs research proposes new solutions, and discusses possible future scenarios in the light of its own particular philosophy. In design along with the other disciplines, a significant movement towards of renewal has been developing with human beings; with their bodies as the hub. The biodesigner, in an attempt to solve the medical-biological problems involved, makes use of industrial design methods, sharing their experience with interdisciplinary teams. Biodesign should not be considered merely design applied to medicine. It may indeed be more clearly defined as an entirely new discipline; whose use of an interdisciplinary approach and close cooperation with the medical-biological sciences are essential to its objective. Biodesign one of the most interesting fields of research currently under way, aimed at innovative application of biorobotic devices, that involves the design and use of new technology, such as MEMS and bioMEMS. This paper gives the research results that were developed in cooperation with two Faculties: Design and Engineering. The main research objective is to identify the intervention area and the role of industrial design in the micro (MEMS) and nanotechnology applications. In particular it’s fundamental in biorobotics to determine both the methodology and the right instruments needed. This paper is divided into two conceptual parts; the first is theoretical and the second is application driven. In the introductory analytical part, theoretical basis are put in order to show the importance of designer cooperation in the micro-technologies study and in their innovative applications. Designers can make cooperation amongst experts easier, co-ordinating design process’ among several research fields and skills. In the first part; problems, complexities, application fields and design methodologies connected to biorobotic devices are highlighted. The second part of the research is developed with the methodology defined by C. Fryling as “through (o by)”. This methodology is a research approach done throughout projects and lead by experience. One case history is used to demostrate such an approach.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Medicine – Philosophy – History"

Maksimenko, L. A., et G. V. Gornova. Candidate's exam in the discipline "History and philosophy of science" : a textbook for organizing independent educational and research work on an abstract on the history of medicine. OFERNIO, novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/ofernio.2020.24680.

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