Articles de revues : « Mappe Cp »

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Suzuki, Selly Sayuri, Laila Fernanda Souza Braga, Denise Nami Fujii, Won Moon et Hideo Suzuki. « Corticopuncture Facilitated Microimplant-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion ». Case Reports in Dentistry 2018 (6 décembre 2018) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1392895.

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Introduction. Microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) has been considered an alternative to avoid extensive surgical procedures. In order to obtain skeletal results of MARPE, force should be enough to overcome areas of resistance and the first one that is required to be disrupted is the midpalatal suture, which becomes increasingly interdigitated after adolescence. Objective. The present study aimed at providing a novel approach using a minimally invasive method called corticopuncture (CP) in association with MARPE illustrated by a case report of a 35-year-old Brazilian female Caucasian patient presenting maxillary transverse deficiency. Method. Treatment plan started with an orthopedic correction of the transverse problem using a MARPE device. After many unsuccessful attempts to activate MARPE, corticopunctures were performed along the midpalatal suture. CP procedure at the midpalatal suture included 8 perforations (2 mm apart), performed after previous predrilling followed by miniscrew insertion (5 mm thread length and 1.8 mm diameter). Results. After CP and new activation protocol, the opening of the midpalatal suture was observed by CBCT images, showing skeletal results, suture split of 3.14 mm (premolar area) and 2.06 (molar area), an increase of 4.3 mm (premolar) and 3.03 mm (molar) in basal bone width, 4.43 mm (premolar) and 3.1 mm (molar) in cortical bone width, and minimal dental effects (mean of 1.2° of tooth tipping). Conclusion. The combination of MARPE and corticopuncture method was proved to be a nonsurgical treatment option to correct maxillary transverse deficiency in an adult patient. CP was able to weaken suture interdigitation thus facilitating the split.

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Kost, Rhonda G., Leslie Boone, Sarah Cook, Sarah Nelson, Consuelo Hopkins Wilkins, Mary Stroud, Leah Dunkel et al. « 4113 Infusing a CTSA Program with Causal Pathway Thinking to Transform Evaluation from Operations to Impacts ». Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (juin 2020) : 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.240.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Innovations with positive health impact are a high priority for NCATS and CTSAs. Program design that uses the Causal Pathway approach incorporates performance indicators that assess impact. We applied Causal Pathway thinking to an ongoing national program to enhance the evaluation of program impact. We report Lessons Learned. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted a day-long onsite workshop to introduce the model to the project team, build capacity, and map the existing program elements to Logic Models representing program Specific Aims. A local Causal Pathway (CP) champion was identified. Alignment of the Logic Models with the CP approach (input→activities→ outputs→effects/impact) developed iteratively through biweekly, then monthly conferral among stakeholders. Key tasks included distinguishing among activities, outputs, and effects (impacts), and identification of performance indicators for each stage of the Causal Pathway. Visualization tools and an additional late stage half-day workshop were used to foster consensus. Implementation of the CP model tested the feasibility of collecting specific indicators and prompted model revisions. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Program leadership and team members (n = 30) participated in the kick-off workshop. Four Specific Aims were mapped to Logic Models. Multiple Causal Pathway (CP) diagrams, one for each project in the program, were developed and mapped to Aims. Alignment of CP threads to Aims and identification of performance indicators required iteration. CP threads converged onto common final Impacts, sometimes crossing to another Aim. Performance indicators for operations were readily accessible to team members, and less so for impacts. Assumptions about program effects were subjected to specific indicators. Over time, Leadership noticed more expression of CP thinking in daily activities. New projects developed during this period incorporated the CP approach. Teams were able to streamline and simplify Logic/CP models. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Through capacity-building and mentored exercises, an innovation team was able to infuse CP thinking into the evaluation of their ongoing program. The CP approach to design and evaluation maps progress and indicators across the life of a program from initial activities to its ultimate impact.

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Tagnon, Bertrand Ouesse, Theophile Lasm, Aristide G. Douagui et Issiaka Savane. « Statistical and Geostatistical Analysis of Lineaments Network Mapped in The Precambrian Basement : Case of Divo-Oume Region (Southern Cote d’Ivoire) ». European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, n^o 33 (30 novembre 2016) : 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n33p299.

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The high populated and dense agricultural region of Divo-Oumé, in the southern part of Côte d’Ivoire, periodically faces drinking water scarcity and lack of reliable water resources management tools. This study presents a statistical and geostatistical analysis of lineaments network, conducted in Divo-Oumé region, in order to contribute to a better understanding of local Precambrian basement aquifer. Fractures network has been characterized through the analysis of the attributes of lineaments derived from conjoint Radarsat and Asar images. The average length of lineaments is 2.15 km and around this value, high dispersion is observed (CV = 133%). A total of 3,559 cross-points (CP) are identified and most of spacing values (84.3%) are less than 2 km. The statistical distribution of lineaments lengths, cross-points and spacing follow power law, highlighting the fractal nature of fractures network. Also, the variation coefficient (CV = 51%) of lineaments spacing and the characteristic exponent of power law in the case of lineament lengths (α = 2.55) would indicate respectively, fracturing process is intense in the region and fracture network reach a mature stage of development. The geostatistical analysis showed that the variograms of lineaments cumulative lengths (CL) and cross-points (CP) are structured. These variograms have the same behavior, reflecting the intrinsic character of CL and CP. However, the correlation ranges of CL are higher than those of CP. These results could be useful for understanding groundwater flow and the establishment of water resource management tools.

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Balmori-Melian, Ezequiel, Robin M. MacDiarmid, David L. Beck, Richard C. Gardner et Richard L. S. Forster. « Sequence-, Tissue-, and Delivery-Specific Targeting of RNA During Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing ». Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 15, n^o 8 (août 2002) : 753–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2002.15.8.753.

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Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing an untranslatable version of the coat protein (CP) gene from the Tamarillo mosaic virus (TaMV) were either resistant to TaMV infection or recovered from infection. These phenotypes were the result of a post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) mechanism that targeted TaMV-CP sequences for degradation. The TaMV-CP sequences were degraded when present in the wild-type TaMV potyvirus, in transgene mRNA, or in chimeric viral vectors based on White clover mosaic virus. The more efficiently targeted region was mapped to a 134-nt segment. Differences were observed in the efficiency of targeting during cell-to-cell and long-distance movement of the chimeric viruses. However, the TaMV-CP sequences do not appear to be targeted for degradation when delivered by biolistics.

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Bud, Eugen-Silviu, Mariana Păcurar, Alexandru Vlasa, Ana Petra Lazăr, Luminița Lazăr, Petru Vaida et Anamaria Bud. « Retrospective Case Series Regarding the Advantages of Cortico-Puncture (CP) Therapy in Association with Micro-Implant Assisted Rapid Palatal Expander (MARPE) ». Applied Sciences 11, n^o 3 (1 février 2021) : 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031306.

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Transverse maxillary deficiency currently affects 8–23% of adults. One of the most widely used orthodontic treatments today in patients with transverse maxillary defects is the maxillary skeletal expander (MSE). This was a retrospective observational imaging study regarding structural bone changes that may occur during healing after the placement of micro-implant assisted rapid palatal expanders (MARPE) in combination with cortico-puncture (CP) therapy. Regarding the magnitude of the mid-palatal suture opening, the mean split at the anterior nasal spine (ANS) and the posterior nasal spine (PNS) was 3.76 and 3.12 mm, respectively. The amount of split at the PNS was smaller than at the ANS, approximately 85% of the distance, showing that the opening of the midpalatal suture was almost parallel in the sagittal plane. On average, one-half of the anterior nasal spine (ANS) moved more than the contralateral by 0.89 mm. In the present study, we show that MARPE associated with CP therapy had a positive outcome on the midpalatal suture opening. This occurred in safe conditions, without post-surgery bleeding, and showing healing at the corticotomy level, with no signs of swelling or sepsis, which are side effects usually associated with more complex surgical treatments. Our results suggest that non-surgical palatal expansion, assisted by MARPE and CP, is achievable and predictable in young adults.

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Molteno, Timothy C. A. « Nature’s Wind Turbines : The Measured Aerodynamic Efficiency of Spinning Seeds Approaches Theoretical Limits ». Biomimetics 7, n^o 4 (12 octobre 2022) : 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7040161.

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This paper describe a procedure to measure experimentally the power coefficient, Cp, of winged seeds, and apply this technique to seeds from the Norway maple (Acer platanoides). We measure Cp=56.9±2% at a tip speed ratio of 3.21±0.06. Our results are in agreement with previously published CFD simulations that indicate that these seeds—operating in low-Reynolds number conditions—approach the Betz limit (Cp=59.3%) the maximum possible efficiency for a wind turbine. In addition, this result is not consistent with the recent theoretical work of Okulov & Sørensen, which suggests that a single-bladed turbine with a tip-speed ratio of 3.2 can achieve a power efficiency of no more than 30%.

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Rajamäki, M., A. Merits, F. Rabenstein, J. Andrejeva, L. Paulin, T. Kekarainen, J. F. Kreuze, R. L. S. Forster et J. P. T. Valkonen. « Biological, Serological, and Molecular Differences Among Isolates of Potato A Potyvirus ». Phytopathology® 88, n^o 4 (avril 1998) : 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.4.311.

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Sequences of the coat protein (CP) and 3′-end nontranslated region (3′NTR) of 13 isolates and the helper component proteinase (HC) of nine isolates of potato A potyvirus (PVA) were determined and compared with the eight previously determined PVA CP and 3′NTR sequences and one HC sequence. CP amino acid (aa), 3′NTR nucleotide, and HC aa sequence identities were 92.9, 93.4, and 94.8%, respectively. Sequence data, serological tests, and the necrotic local lesions induced in the leaves of the potato hybrid ‘A6’ confirmed that tamarillo mosaic virus is a strain of PVA. The aa substitutions A6T and G7S in the CP N-terminus were correlated with loss of aphid transmissibility. Development of necrotic lesions or nonnecrotic symptoms in the systemically infected leaves or lack of systemic spread in potato cv. King Edward were used to place the PVA isolates into four strain groups, but this grouping was not correlated with any differences in CP, HC, or 3′NTR. Recognition of CP by three monoclonal antibodies was used to place the PVA isolates into three groups different from the four groups above. The epitopes of two mono-clonal antibodies were mapped by site-directed mutagenesis to the same lysine residue at the CP aa 34.

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Negm, Walaa, Aya H. El-Kadem, Ismail A. Hussein et Moneerah J. Alqahtani. « The Mechanistic Perspective of Bilobetin Protective Effects against Cisplatin-Induced Testicular Toxicity : Role of Nrf-2/Keap-1 Signaling, Inflammation and Apoptosis ». Biomedicines 10, n^o 5 (13 mai 2022) : 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10051134.

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Cisplatin (CP) is a productive anti-tumor used to treat numerous tumors. However, multiple toxicities discourage prolonged use, especially toxicity on the reproductive system. This experiment was mapped out to determine the potential therapeutic impact of Bilobetin on CP-induced testicular damage. Herein, Bilobetin was isolated from Cycas thouarsii leaves R. Br ethyl acetate fractions for the first time. A single dose of CP (7 mg/kg, IP) was used to evoke testicular toxicity on the third day. Rats were classified into five groups; Normal control, Bilobetin 12 mg/kg, Untreated CP, and CP treated with Bilobetin (6 and 12 mg/kg, respectively) orally daily for ten days. Bilobetin treatment ameliorated testicular injury. In addition, it boosted serum testosterone levels considerably and restored relative testicular weight. Nevertheless, apoptosis biomarkers such as P53, Cytochrome-C, and caspase-3 decreased significantly. Additionally, it enhanced the testes’ antioxidant status via the activation of Nrf-2, inhibition of Keap-1, and significant elevation of SOD activity in addition to a reduction in lipid peroxidation. Histopathologically, Bilobetin preserved testicular architecture and improved testicular immunostaining of Ki67 substantially, showing evidence of testicular regeneration. Bilobetin’s beneficial effects on CP-induced testicular damage are associated with enhanced antioxidant effects, lowered apoptotic signals, and the restoration of testes’ regenerative capability. In addition, Bilobetin may be used in combination with CP in treatment protocols to mitigate CP-induced testicular injury.

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Paul, André, Stefan Mulitza, Rüdiger Stein et Martin Werner. « A global climatology of the ocean surface during the Last Glacial Maximum mapped on a regular grid (GLOMAP) ». Climate of the Past 17, n^o 2 (8 avril 2021) : 805–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-805-2021.

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Abstract. We present a climatology of the near-sea-surface temperature (NSST) anomaly and the sea-ice extent during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 23 000–19 000 years before present) mapped on a global regular 1∘×1∘ grid. It is an extension of the Glacial Atlantic Ocean Mapping (GLAMAP) reconstruction of the Atlantic NSST based on the faunal and floral assemblage data of the Multiproxy Approach for the Reconstruction of the Glacial Ocean Surface (MARGO) project and several recent estimates of the LGM sea-ice extent. Such a gridded climatology is highly useful for the visualization of the LGM climate, calculation of global and regional NSST averages, and estimation of the equilibrium climate sensitivity, as well as a boundary condition for atmospheric general circulation models. The gridding of the sparse NSST reconstruction was done in an optimal way using the Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis (DIVA) software, which takes into account the uncertainty in the reconstruction and includes the calculation of an error field. The resulting Glacial Ocean Map (GLOMAP) confirms the previous findings by the MARGO project regarding longitudinal and meridional NSST differences that were greater than today in all oceans. Taken at face value, the estimated global and tropical cooling would imply an equilibrium climate sensitivity at the lower end of the currently accepted range. However, because of anticipated changes in the seasonality and thermal structure of the upper ocean during the LGM as well as uneven spatial sampling, the estimated cooling and implied climate sensitivity are likely to be biased towards lower values.

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Aparicio, Frederic, Jesús A. Sánchez-Navarro et Vicente Pallás. « In vitro and in vivo mapping of the Prunus necrotic ringspot virus coat protein C-terminal dimerization domain by bimolecular fluorescence complementation ». Journal of General Virology 87, n^o 6 (1 juin 2006) : 1745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81696-0.

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Interactions between viral proteins are critical for virus viability. Bimolecular fluorescent complementation (BiFC) technique determines protein interactions in real-time under almost normal physiological conditions. The coat protein (CP) of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus is required for multiple functions in its replication cycle. In this study, the region involved in CP dimerization has been mapped by BiFC in both bacteria and plant tissue. Full-length and C-terminal deleted forms of the CP gene were fused in-frame to the N- and C-terminal fragments of the yellow fluorescent protein. The BiFC analysis showed that a domain located between residues 9 and 27 from the C-end plays a critical role in dimerization. The importance of this C-terminal region in dimer formation and the applicability of the BiFC technique to analyse viral protein interactions are discussed.

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Thompson, Kelsey B., Monte G. Bateman et Lawrence D. Carey. « A Comparison of Two Ground-Based Lightning Detection Networks against the Satellite-Based Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) ». Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 31, n^o 10 (1 octobre 2014) : 2191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-13-00186.1.

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Abstract Lightning stroke data from both the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) and the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) were compared to lightning group data from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) from 1 January 2010 through 30 June 2011. The region of study, from 39°S to 39°N latitude, chosen based on the orbit of LIS, and 164°E east to 17°W longitude, chosen to approximate the possible Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) longitude, was considered in its entirety and then divided into geographical subregions. Over this 18-month time period, WWLLN had an 11.0% entire region, 13.2% North American, 6.2% South American, 16.4% Atlantic Ocean, and 18.9% Pacific Ocean coincidence percent (CP) value. The ENTLN CP values were 28.5%, 63.3%, 2.2%, 3.0%, and 2.5%, respectively. During the 18 months, WWLLN CP values remained rather consistent but low and often higher over ocean than land; ENTLN CP values showed large spatial and temporal variability. With both networks, North America had less variability during summer months than winter months and higher CP values during winter months than summer months. The highest ENTLN CP values were found in the southeastern United States, especially in a semicircle that extended from central Oklahoma, through Texas, along the northern Gulf of Mexico, across southern Florida, and along the U.S. East Coast. There was no significant change in CP values over time; the lowest monthly North American ENTLN CP value was found in June 2011 at 48.1%, the last month analyzed. These findings are consistent with most ENTLN sensors being located in the United States.

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Hong, Eunmee M., Rushika Perera et Richard J. Kuhn. « Alphavirus Capsid Protein Helix I Controls a Checkpoint in Nucleocapsid Core Assembly ». Journal of Virology 80, n^o 18 (15 septembre 2006) : 8848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00619-06.

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ABSTRACT The assembly of the alphavirus nucleocapsid core has been investigated using an in vitro assembly system. The C-terminal two-thirds of capsid protein (CP), residues 81 to 264 in Sindbis virus (SINV), have been previously shown to have all the RNA-CP and CP-CP contacts required for core assembly in vitro. Helix I, which is located in the N-terminal dispensable region of the CP, has been proposed to stabilize the core by forming a coiled coil in the CP dimer formed by the interaction of residues 81 to 264. We examined the ability of heterologous alphavirus CPs to dimerize and form phenotypically mixed core-like particles (CLPs) using an in vitro assembly system. The CPs of SINV and Ross River virus (RRV) do not form phenotypically mixed CLPs, but SINV and Western equine encephalitis virus CPs do form mixed cores. In addition, CP dimers do not form between SINV and RRV in these assembly reactions. In contrast, an N-terminal truncated SINV CP (residues 81 to 264) forms phenotypically mixed CLPs when it is assembled with full-length heterologous CPs, suggesting that the region that controls the mixing is present in the N-terminal 80 residues. Furthermore, this result suggests that the dimeric interaction, which was absent between SINV and RRV CPs, can be restored by the removal of the N-terminal 80 residues of the SINV CP. We mapped the determinant that is responsible for phenotypic mixing onto helix I by using domain swapping experiments. Thus, discrimination of the CP partner in alphavirus core assembly appears to be dependent on helix I sequence compatibility. These results suggest that helix I provides one of the important interactions during nucleocapsid core formation and may play a regulatory role during the early steps of the assembly process.

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Heath, Livio, Anna-Lise Williamson et Edward P. Rybicki. « The Capsid Protein of Beak and Feather Disease Virus Binds to the Viral DNA and Is Responsible for Transporting the Replication-Associated Protein into the Nucleus ». Journal of Virology 80, n^o 14 (15 juillet 2006) : 7219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02559-05.

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ABSTRACT Circoviruses lack an autonomous DNA polymerase and are dependent on the replication machinery of the host cell for de novo DNA synthesis. Accordingly, the viral DNA needs to cross both the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope before replication can occur. Here we report on the subcellular distribution of the beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) capsid protein (CP) and replication-associated protein (Rep) expressed via recombinant baculoviruses in an insect cell system and test the hypothesis that the CP is responsible for transporting the viral genome, as well as Rep, across the nuclear envelope. The intracellular localization of the BFDV CP was found to be directed by three partially overlapping bipartite nuclear localization signals (NLSs) situated between residues 16 and 56 at the N terminus of the protein. Moreover, a DNA binding region was also mapped to the N terminus of the protein and falls within the region containing the three putative NLSs. The ability of CP to bind DNA, coupled with the karyophilic nature of this protein, strongly suggests that it may be responsible for nuclear targeting of the viral genome. Interestingly, whereas Rep expressed on its own in insect cells is restricted to the cytoplasm, coexpression with CP alters the subcellular localization of Rep to the nucleus, strongly suggesting that an interaction with CP facilitates movement of Rep into the nucleus.

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Qiu, Wenping, et Karen-Beth G. Scholthof. « Genetic Identification of Multiple Biological Roles Associated with the Capsid Protein of Satellite Panicum Mosaic Virus ». Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 14, n^o 1 (janvier 2001) : 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2001.14.1.21.

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Satellite panicum mosaic virus (SPMV), an 824-nucleotide, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus, depends on Panicum mosaic virus (PMV) for replication and spread in host plants. Compared with PMV infection alone, symptoms are intensified and develop faster on millet plants infected with SPMV and PMV. SPMV encodes a 157 amino acid capsid protein (CP) (17.5 kDa) to encapsidate SPMV RNA and form T = 1 satellite virions. The present study identifies additional biological activities of the SPMV CP, including the induction of severe chlorosis on proso millet plants (Panicum miliaceum cv. Sunup or Red Turghai). Initial deletion mutagenesis experiments mapped the chlorosis-inducing domain to amino acids 50 to 157 on the C-terminal portion of the SPMV CP. More defined analyses revealed that amino acids 124 to 135 comprised a critical domain associated with chlorosis induction and virion formation, whereas the extreme C-terminal residues 148 to 157 were not strictly essential for either role. The results also demonstrated that the absence of SPMV CP tended to stimulate the accumulation of defective RNAs. This suggests that the SPMV CP plays a significant role in maintaining the structural integrity of the full-length satellite virus RNA and harbors multiple functions associated with pathogenesis in SPMV-infected host plants.

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Herzog, Etienne, Orlene Guerra-Peraza et Thomas Hohn. « The Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus Gene II Product Interacts with the Coat Protein Domain of the Viral Gene III Polyprotein ». Journal of Virology 74, n^o 5 (1 mars 2000) : 2073–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.5.2073-2083.2000.

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ABSTRACT Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) is a plant pararetrovirus whose DNA genome contains four genes encoding three proteins and a large polyprotein. The function of most of the viral proteins is still unknown. To investigate the role of the gene II product (P2), we searched for interactions between this protein and other RTBV proteins. P2 was shown to interact with the coat protein (CP) domain of the viral gene III polyprotein (P3) both in the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro. Domains involved in the P2-CP association have been identified and mapped on both proteins. To determine the importance of this interaction for viral multiplication, the infectivity of RTBV gene II mutants was investigated by agroinoculation of rice plants. The results showed that virus viability correlates with the ability of P2 to interact with the CP domain of P3. This study suggests that P2 could participate in RTBV capsid assembly.

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Carbonell, Alberto, Varvara I. Maliogka, José de Jesús Pérez, Beatriz Salvador, David San León, Juan Antonio García et Carmen Simón-Mateo. « Diverse Amino Acid Changes at Specific Positions in the N-Terminal Region of the Coat Protein Allow Plum pox virus to Adapt to New Hosts ». Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 26, n^o 10 (octobre 2013) : 1211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-04-13-0093-r.

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Plum pox virus (PPV)-D and PPV-R are two isolates from strain D of PPV that differ in host specificity. Previous analyses of chimeras originating from PPV-R and PPV-D suggested that the N terminus of the coat protein (CP) includes host-specific pathogenicity determinants. Here, these determinants were mapped precisely by analyzing the infectivity in herbaceous and woody species of chimeras containing a fragment of the 3′ region of PPV-D (including the region coding for the CP) in a PPV-R backbone. These chimeras were not infectious in Prunus persica, but systemically infected Nicotiana clevelandii and N. benthamiana when specific amino acids were modified or deleted in a short 30-amino-acid region of the N terminus of the CP. Most of these mutations did not reduce PPV fitness in Prunus spp. although others impaired systemic infection in this host. We propose a model in which the N terminus of the CP, highly relevant for virus systemic movement, is targeted by a host defense mechanism in Nicotiana spp. Mutations in this short region allow PPV to overcome the defense response in this host but can compromise the efficiency of PPV systemic movement in other hosts such as Prunus spp.

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Haldeman-Cahill, Ruth, José-Antonio Daròs et James C. Carrington. « Secondary Structures in the Capsid Protein Coding Sequence and 3′ Nontranslated Region Involved in Amplification of the Tobacco Etch Virus Genome ». Journal of Virology 72, n^o 5 (1 mai 1998) : 4072–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.5.4072-4079.1998.

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ABSTRACT The 3′-terminal 350 nucleotides of the tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) genome span the end of the capsid protein (CP)-coding sequence and the 3′ nontranslated region (NTR). The CP-coding sequence within this region contains a 105-nucleotide cis-active element required for genome replication (S. Mahajan, V. V. Dolja, and J. C. Carrington, J. Virol. 70:4370–4379, 1996). To investigate the sequence and secondary structure requirements within the CP cis-active region and the 3′ NTR, a systematic linker-scanning mutagenesis analysis was done. Forty-six mutations, each with two to six nucleotide substitutions, were introduced at consecutive hexanucleotide positions in the genome of a recombinant TEV strain expressing a reporter protein (β-glucuronidase). Genome amplification activity of each mutant in the protoplast cell culture system was measured. Mutations that severely debilitated genome amplification were identified throughout the CP-codingcis-active sequence and at several distinct locations within the 3′ NTR. However, based on a computer model of RNA folding, mutations that had the most severe effects mapped to regions that were predicted to form base-paired secondary structures. Linker-scanning mutations predicted to affect either strand of a base-paired structure within the CP-coding cis-active sequence, a base-paired structure between two segments of the CP-coding cis-active sequence and a contiguous 14-nucleotide segment of the 3′ NTR, and a base-paired structure near the 3′ terminus of the 3′ NTR inactivated genome amplification. Compensatory mutations that restored base pair interactions in each of these regions restored amplification activity, although to differing levels depending on the structure restored. These data reveal that the 3′ terminus of the TEV genome consists of a series of functionally discrete sequences and secondary structures and that the CP-coding sequence and 3′ NTR are coadapted for genome amplification function through a requirement for base pair interactions.

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CASTELL, A. G., et R. L. CLIPLEF. « PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS RESPONSES TO DIETARY INCLUSION OF RAW SOYBEANS (CV. MAPLE AMBER) BY BOARS FED AD LIBITUM FROM 30 TO 95 KILOGRAMS LIVEWEIGHT ». Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, n^o 1 (1 mars 1988) : 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-028.

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Cull raw soybeans (SB), cv. Maple Amber, containing 17% oil and 36% crude protein (CP), were included as 0, 4.5, 9, 13.5, 18 and 22.5% of barley-based diets formulated to contain 16% CP. The mash diets were fed ad libitum to a total of 53 Landrace boars over the period from 30 to 95 kg average liveweight using a randomized block design with three replicates. Live performance responses to the increase in dietary SB content included a decline in overall growth rate (from 830 to 639 g d−1, P < 0.01) and efficiency of feed conversion (from 333 to 269 g gain per kg feed, P < 0.01). Post-kill measurements indicated an effect of dietary SB level on side weight (from 46 to 43% of carcass, P < 0.01), liver weight (from 24.8 to 28.2 g kg−1 warm carcass, P < 0.01) and areas of lean in the loin cross-section (from 31 to 26 cm2, P < 0.01) and ham face (from 137 to 121 cm2, P < 0.01) for pigs fed 0 and 22.5% SB diets, respectively. Analyses of samples of longissimus dorsi revealed a reduction in CP content (from 22.9 to 21.5%, P < 0.01) and increase in moisture content (from 74.4 to 75.4%, P < 0.05) for pigs fed the highest SB level compared to the control pigs. Iodine absorption numbers of the outer backfat layer increased, from 58 to 70 (P < 0.01), with the SB level fed. Sensory evaluation revealed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in incidence of off-flavor in loin roasts from boars fed diets containing more than 9% SB. The overall results suggested that a diet containing up to 5% SB would be unlikely to adversely affect performance or carcass merit of growing-finishing pigs. Key words: Pig, soybeans, live performance, carcass criteria, meat quality

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Wang, Yuelong, Jiaojiao Deng, Lin Wang, Tingyue Zhou, Jinlong Yang, Zerong Tian, Jinhao Yang et al. « Expression and clinical significance of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and VISTA in craniopharyngioma ». Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, n^o 2 (septembre 2020) : e000406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2019-000406.

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BackgroundCraniopharyngioma (CP) is a common refractory tumor of the central nervous system. However, little is known about the expression and clinical significance of B7 family ligands/receptors in CP patients. Thus, we conducted the present study to address this issue in a cohort of 132 CP cases.MethodsWe mapped and quantified the expression of B7 family ligands/receptors molecules programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), B7-H3, B7-H4 and V-domain Ig-containing suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) in 89 adamantinomatous-type CP and 43 papillary-type CP samples using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Associations between the marker levels, clinicopathological variables and survival were evaluated.ResultsThe positive rates of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and VISTA in the cohort of 132 CP cases were 76.5%, 100%, 40.2% and 80.3%, respectively. The cut-off values of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and PD-L1 expression were determined by survival receiver operating characteristic (ROC) package, which was 70, 182, 0 and 20, respectively. Elevated expressions of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and VISTA were significantly associated with some clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that higher VISTA expressions correlated with better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.0053 and p=0.0066, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that VISTA was an independent prognostic factor for OS (p=0.018) but not for PFS (p=0.898).ConclusionsWe found variable expression of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and VISTA proteins in CPs. The results suggest that the expression level of VISTA may be used as an important indicator to predict the OS and PFS of CPs. B7 family ligands/receptors could be potential immunotherapeutic targets when treating CPs.

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Yoo, Lina, et Samuel H. Speck. « Determining the Role of the Epstein-Barr Virus Cp EBNA2-Dependent Enhancer during the Establishment of Latency by Using Mutant and Wild-Type Viruses Recovered from Cottontop Marmoset Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines ». Journal of Virology 74, n^o 23 (1 décembre 2000) : 11115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.23.11115-11120.2000.

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ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen (EBNA) 2 (EBNA2) is involved in upregulating the expression of both EBNAs and latency-associated membrane proteins. Transcription of the six EBNA genes, which are expressed in EBV-immortalized primary B cells, arises from one of two promoters, Cp and Wp, located near the left end of the viral genome. Wp is exclusively used to drive EBNA gene transcription during the initial stages of infection in primary B cells; induction of transcription from Cp follows. We previously have mapped an EBNA2-dependent enhancer upstream of Cp (M. Woisetschlaeger et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:3942–3946, 1991) and, more recently, have demonstrated that deletion of this enhancer results in EBV-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) that are heavily biased toward the use of Wp to drive transcription of the EBNA genes (L. Yoo et al., J. Virol. 71:9134–9142, 1997). To assess the immortalizing capacity of this mutant EBV and to monitor the early events after infection of primary B cells, B cells isolated from cottontop marmosets were used to generate LCLs immortalized with the Cp EBNA2 enhancer deletion mutant virus. As previously reported, all EBV-infected marmoset LCLs examined could be triggered to produce significant levels of virus. Infection of human B cells with wild-type or Cp EBNA2 enhancer mutant viruses recovered from marmoset B-cell lines demonstrated that (i) the Cp EBNA2 enhancer mutant virus immortalizes primary human B cells nearly as efficiently as wild-type virus and (ii) the Cp EBNA2-dependent enhancer plays an important role in the induction of Cp activity during the early stages of infection. The latter is consistent with the phenotype of LCLs immortalized with the Cp EBNA2 enhancer mutant EBV. Finally, using an established LCL in which EBNA2 function is regulated by β-estradiol, we showed that the loss of EBNA2 function results in an ∼4-fold decrease in the steady-state levels of Cp-initiated transcripts and a concomitant increase in the steady-state levels of Wp-initiated transcripts. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence that EBNA2 plays an important role in regulating Cp activity. These results also demonstrate that diminished induction of Cp activity does not appear to affect the ability of EBV to immortalize primary B cells in cultures. Finally, as shown here, infection of marmoset B cells with immortalization-competent mutants of EBV provides a convenient reservoir for the production of mutant viruses.

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Loreggia, Andrea, Roberta Calegari, Emiliano Lorini, Francesca Rossi et Giovanni Sartor. « How to model contrary-to-duty with GCP-nets ». Intelligenza Artificiale 16, n^o 2 (27 décembre 2022) : 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ia-221057.

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Preferences are ubiquitous in our everyday life. They are essential in the decision making process of individuals. Recently, they have also been employed to represent ethical principles, normative systems or guidelines. In this work we focus on a ceteris paribus semantics for deontic logic: a state of affairs where a larger set of respected prescriptions is preferable to a state of affairs where some are violated. Conditional preference networks (CP-nets) are a compact formalism to express and analyse ceteris paribus preferences, with some desirable computational properties. In this paper, we show how deontic concepts (such as contrary-to-duty obligations) can be modeled with generalized CP-nets (GCP-nets) and how to capture the distinction between strong and weak permission in this formalism. To do that, we leverage on an existing restricted deontic logic that will be mapped into conditional preference nets.

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Cafa, Giovanni, Riccardo Baroncelli, Carol A. Ellison et Daisuke Kurose. « Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam) chloroplast genome sequence as a promising target for populations studies ». PeerJ 8 (24 mars 2020) : e8739. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8739.

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Background Himalayan balsam Impatiens glandulifera Royle (Balsaminaceae) is a highly invasive annual species native of the Himalayas. Biocontrol of the plant using the rust fungus Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae is currently being implemented, but issues have arisen with matching UK weed genotypes with compatible strains of the pathogen. To support successful biocontrol, a better understanding of the host weed population, including potential sources of introductions, of Himalayan balsam is required. Methods In this molecular study, two new complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of I. glandulifera were obtained with low coverage whole genome sequencing (genome skimming). A 125-year-old herbarium specimen (HB92) collected from the native range was sequenced and assembled and compared with a 2-year-old specimen from UK field plants (HB10). Results The complete cp genomes were double-stranded molecules of 152,260 bp (HB92) and 152,203 bp (HB10) in length and showed 97 variable sites: 27 intragenic and 70 intergenic. The two genomes were aligned and mapped with two closely related genomes used as references. Genome skimming generates complete organellar genomes with limited technical and financial efforts and produces large datasets compared to multi-locus sequence typing. This study demonstrates the suitability of genome skimming for generating complete cp genomes of historic herbarium material. It also shows that complete cp genomes are solid genetic markers for population studies that could be linked to plant evolution and aid with targeting native range and natural enemy surveys for biocontrol of invasive species.

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SIAHKOLAEE, SEDIGHEH NIKZAT, MASOUD SHEIDAI, MOSTAFA ASSADI et ZAHRA NOORMOHAMMADI. « Do we have different varieties in Acer velutinum (Sapindaceae) : Morphological and molecular studies ». Phytotaxa 321, n^o 2 (15 septembre 2017) : 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.321.2.1.

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The genus Acer L. has about 156 species which are distributed in Asia, Europe, Northern Africa and North America. The species of Acer show extensive morphological and molecular diversity and the species that co-occur may hybridize; therefore, sometimes the species delimitation turns out to be difficult. Eight Acer (maple) species have been reported in Iran. The velvet maple—Acer velutinum Boiss (1846: 28)—is one of the largest maples in the world and the most frequent maple species in Iran. Morphologically speaking, two varieties have been cited for this species. Due to the extensive morphological variability, however, the researchers encounter difficulty delimiting these two varieties. Against this backdrop, the present study was performed with the aim to delimit two varieties of Acer velutinum by using both morphological and molecular approaches. It also aimed to proffer data on the genetic diversity of this species in the country. Nighty-four plant specimens of A. velutinum were randomly collected within 14 geographical populations at four provinces in Hyrcanian forests of Iran. The PsbA-trnHGUG intergenic spacer sequence of cp-DNA and the ISSR molecular markers along with the morphometric analysis and image analysis of the leaf shape were used. The numerical and phylogenetic analyses of the tree specimens from the presumed varieties of A. velutinum—based on morphology, image analysis of leaf shape, ISSR and cp-DNA—did not delimit these varieties; hence, A. velutinum was considered to have a high level of intergrading morphological variability. The population genetic study revealed significant molecular differences among the studied populations. The STRUCTURE plot and gene flow analysis (Nm), nevertheless, revealed some degree of shared alleles among the populations. The Mantel tests demonstrated significant correlation between the geographical and genetic distance of the studied populations; it further signaled the fact that the gene flow occurred mainly between the coterminous populations.

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Navarro-Almaida, D., A. Fuente, L. Majumdar, V. Wakelam, P. Caselli, P. Rivière-Marichalar, S. P. Treviño-Morales et al. « Evolutionary view through the starless cores in Taurus ». Astronomy & ; Astrophysics 653 (31 août 2021) : A15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140820.

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Context. The chemical and physical evolution of starless and pre-stellar cores are of paramount importance to understanding the process of star formation. The Taurus Molecular Cloud cores TMC 1-C and TMC 1-CP share similar initial conditions and provide an excellent opportunity to understand the evolution of the pre-stellar core phase. Aims. We investigated the evolutionary stage of starless cores based on observations towards the prototypical dark cores TMC 1-C and TMC 1-CP. Methods. We mapped the prototypical dark cores TMC 1-C and TMC 1-CP in the CS 3 → 2, C34S 3 → 2, 13CS 2 → 1, DCN 1 → 0, DCN 2 → 1, DNC 1 → 0, DNC 2 → 1, DN13C 1 → 0, DN13C 2 → 1, N2H+ 1 → 0, and N2D+ 1 → 0 transitions. We performed a multi-transitional study of CS and its isotopologs, DCN, and DNC lines to characterize the physical and chemical properties of these cores. We studied their chemistry using the state-of-the-art gas-grain chemical code NAUTILUS and pseudo time-dependent models to determine their evolutionary stage. Results. The central nH volume density, the N2H+ column density, and the abundances of deuterated species are higher in TMC 1-C than in TMC 1-CP, yielding a higher N2H+ deuterium fraction in TMC 1-C, thus indicating a later evolutionary stage for TMC 1-C. The chemical modeling with pseudo time-dependent models and their radiative transfer are in agreement with this statement, allowing us to estimate a collapse timescale of ~1 Myr for TMC 1-C. Models with a younger collapse scenario or a collapse slowed down by a magnetic support are found to more closely reproduce the observations towards TMC 1-CP. Conclusions. Observational diagnostics seem to indicate that TMC 1-C is in a later evolutionary stage than TMC 1-CP, with a chemical age ~1 Myr. TMC 1-C shows signs of being an evolved core at the onset of star formation, while TMC 1-CP appears to be in an earlier evolutionary stage due to a more recent formation or, alternatively, a collapse slowed down by a magnetic support.

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Byeon, Seo Yeon, Kyeong-Sik Cheon, Sangil Kim, Suk-Hyun Yun, Hyun-Ju Oh, Sang Rul Park, Tae-Hoon Kim, Jang Kyun Kim et Hyuk Je Lee. « Comparative Analysis of Sequence Polymorphism in Complete Organelle Genomes of the ‘Golden Tide’ Seaweed Sargassum horneri between Korean and Chinese Forms ». Sustainability 12, n^o 18 (4 septembre 2020) : 7280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187280.

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Drifting and inundating brown seaweed Sargassum horneri biomass is called “golden tide”, as it resembles golden massive algal blooms like green tides. This phenomenon occurs globally and its serious ecological impacts on coastal ecosystems have recently begun to be paid attention to. In the present study, by sequencing whole organelle genomes of Korean indigenous S. horneri, we aimed to develop novel molecular markers that can be used for differentiating indigenous from nonindigenous individuals. To this end, we analyzed sequence polymorphisms in mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (cp) genomes of two Korean benthic samples in comparison to Chinese ones as a reference. We mapped mt genomes of 34,620~34,628 bp and cp genomes of 123,982~124,053 bp for the Korean samples. In comparative analyses, mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (cox2) gene showed the highest number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between Korean and Chinese individuals. NADH dehydrogenase subunit 7 (Nad7)-proline tRNA (trnP) intergenic spacer (IGS) in the mt genome showed a 14 bp insertion or deletion (indel) mutation. For the cp genome, we found a total of 54 SNPs, but its overall evolution rate was approximately four-fold lower than the mt genome. Interestingly, analysis of Ka/Ks ratio in the cp genome revealed a signature of positive selection on several genes, although only negative selection prevalent in mt genome. The ‘candidate’ genetic markers that we found can be applied to discriminate between Korean indigenous and nonindigenous individuals. This study will assist in developing a molecular-based early detection method for effectively managing nonindigenous S. horneri in Korean waters.

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Donda, Bhanu Priya, Sridhar Jarugula et Rayapati A. Naidu. « An Analysis of the Complete Genome Sequence and Subgenomic RNAs Reveals Unique Features of the Ampelovirus, Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 ». Phytopathology® 107, n^o 9 (septembre 2017) : 1069–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-02-17-0061-r.

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Despite being the first closterovirus documented in grapevines (Vitis sp.), the molecular biology of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1, genus Ampelovirus, family Closteroviridae) is still in its infancy. In this study, the complete genome sequence of two GLRaV-1 isolates was determined to be 18,731 (isolate WA-CH) and 18,946 (isolate WA-PN) nucleotides (nt). The genome of WA-CH and WA-PN isolates encodes nine putative open reading frames (ORFs) and the arrangement of these ORFs in both isolates was similar to that of Australian and Canadian isolates. In addition to two divergent copies of the coat protein (CP), the genome of GLRaV-1 isolates contain CP-homologous domain in four genes, making the virus unique among Closteroviridae members. The 5′ and 3′ nontranslated regions (NTRs) of WA-CH and WA-PN isolates showed differences in size and sequence composition, with 5′ NTR having variable number of ∼65-nt-long repeats. Using the 5′ NTR sequences, a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism method was developed to distinguish GLRaV-1 variants in vineyards. Northern analysis of total RNA from GLRaV-1-infected grapevine samples revealed three subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs), corresponding tentatively to CP, p21, and p24 ORFs, present at higher levels, with p24 sgRNA observed at relatively higher abundance than the other two sgRNAs. The 5′ terminus of sgRNAs corresponding to CP, CPd1, CPd2, p21, and p24 were mapped to the virus genome and the leader sequence for these five sgRNAs determined to be 68, 27, 15, 49, and 18 nt, respectively. Taken together, this study provided a foundation for further elucidation of the comparative molecular biology of closteroviruses infecting grapevines.

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Cronin, Anna, Sharynne McLeod et Sarah Verdon. « Applying the ICF-CY to Specialist Speech-Language Pathologists’ Practice With Toddlers With Cleft Palate Speech ». Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 57, n^o 9 (15 avril 2020) : 1105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665620918799.

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Objective: To evaluate how the practice of specialist speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working with young children with cleft palate ± cleft lip (CP±L) maps onto the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health – Children and Youth version (ICF-CY) and consider the functionality of the categories of the ICF-CY for this specialist area of practice. Design: Cross-sectional, qualitative study. Setting: Semistructured face-to-face interviews were conducted with SLPs working in tertiary-level hospitals, universities, and public clinics. Participants: Six specialist SLPs with 17 to 39 years of experience working with young children with CP±L as researchers and clinicians in Australia, Brazil, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, and the United States. Main Outcome Measure(s): Specialists’ practices were captured using in-depth, semistructured interviews. Data collected were analyzed by directed content analysis applying the ICF-CY as a coding schema. Results: In total, 4077 data points were coded. Most mapped onto Body Structures (684, 16.8%), Body Functions (906, 22.2%), and Environmental Factors (1626, 39.9%) with less emphasis on Activities and Participation (560, 13.7%). A “best fit” approach was taken to topics that did not map exactly onto categories of the ICF-CY (eg, velopharyngeal insufficiency [VPI]); however, there was not always an ideally suitable category available. Conclusions: The current study revealed strengths and challenges in categorizing practice within the ICF-CY for children with CP±L, including collaboration with parents and significant others, specificity around speech, language, and articulation, and the different types of VPI. Therefore, future discussion around how best to use the framework with children with CP±L is needed.

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Askari, Mohammad Sadegh, Timothy McCarthy, Aidan Magee et Darren J. Murphy. « Evaluation of Grass Quality under Different Soil Management Scenarios Using Remote Sensing Techniques ». Remote Sensing 11, n^o 15 (6 août 2019) : 1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11151835.

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Hyperspectral and multispectral imagery have been demonstrated to have a considerable potential for near real-time monitoring and mapping of grass quality indicators. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of remote sensing techniques for quantification of aboveground grass biomass (BM) and crude protein (CP) in a temperate European climate such as Ireland. The experiment was conducted on 64 plots and 53 paddocks with varying quantities of nitrogen applied. Hyperspectral imagery (HSI) and multispectral imagery (MSI) were analyzed to develop the prediction models. The MSI data used in this study were captured using an unmanned aircraft vehicle (UAV) and the satellite Sentinel-2, while the HSI data were obtained using a handheld hyperspectral camera. The prediction models were developed using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and stepwise multi-linear regression (MLR). Eventually, the spatial distribution of grass biomass over plots and paddocks was mapped to assess the within-field variability of grass quality metrics. An excellent accuracy was achieved for the prediction of BM and CP using HSI (RPD > 2.5 and R2 > 0.8), and a good accuracy was obtained via MSI-UAV (2 < RPD < 2.5 and R2 > 0.7) for the grass quality indicators. The accuracy of the models calculated using MSI-Sentinel-2 was reasonable for BM prediction and insufficient for CP estimation. The red-edge range of the wavelengths showed the maximum impact on the predictability of grass BM, and the NIR range had the greatest influence on the estimation of grass CP. Both the PLSR and MLR techniques were found to be sufficiently robust for spectral modelling of aboveground BM and CP. The PLSR yielded a slightly better model than MLR. This study suggested that remote sensing techniques can be used as a rapid and reliable approach for near real-time quantitative assessment of fresh grass quality under a temperate European climate.

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Freik, D. M., B. P. Volochanska et T. O. Parashchuk. « Thermodynamic Parameters of PbTe Crystals : DFT-Calculations ». Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 16, n^o 1 (15 mars 2015) : 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.16.1.28-33.

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Based on the analysis of the crystal NaCl type and electronic structure of cubic phase CdS crystals the cluster models have been built for calculation of the geometric and thermodynamic parameters. According to density functional theory (DFT) and using the hybrid valence base set B3LYP the temperature dependence of the energy ΔE and the enthalpy ΔH of formation, Gibbs free energy ΔG, entropy ΔS, specific heat at constant volume CV and pressure CP of the crystals have been found. The analytical expressions of the temperature dependences of presented thermodynamic parameters which was approximated from the quantum- chemical calculations data and with using mathematical package Maple 14 have been received.

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Volochanska, B. P. « Thermodynamic Parameters of Lead Sulfide Crystals in the Cubic Phase ». Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 16, n^o 4 (15 décembre 2015) : 649–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.16.4.649-653.

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Geometric and thermodynamic parameters of cubic PbS crystals were obtained using the computer calculations of the thermodynamic parameters within density functional theory method DFT. Cluster models for the calculation were based on the analysis of the crystal and electronic structure. Temperature dependence of energy ΔE and ΔH enthalpy, Gibbs free energy ΔG, heat capacity at constant pressure CP and volume CV, entropy ΔS were determined on the basis of ab initio calculations of the crystal structure of molecular clusters. Analytical expressions of temperature dependences of thermodynamic parameters which were approximated with quantum-chemical calculation points using mathematical package Maple 14 were presented. Experimental results compared with theoretically calculated data.

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Stift, M. J., et F. Leone. « Zeeman Doppler mapping revisited : Force-free fields, regularisation functions, and abundance maps ». Astronomy & ; Astrophysics 659 (mars 2022) : A33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142342.

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Aims. For the observational modelling of horizontal abundance distributions and of magnetic geometries in chemically peculiar (CP) stars, Zeeman Doppler mapping (ZDM) has become the method of choice. Comparisons between abundance maps obtained for CP stars and predictions from numerical simulations of atomic diffusion have always proved unsatisfactory. This study is intended to explore the reasons for the discrepancies. Methods. We cast a cold eye (evoking the epitaph on Nobel laureate W.B. Yeats’ gravestone: Cast a cold Eye / On Life, on Death. / Horseman, pass by) on essential assumptions underlying ZDM, in particular, the formulae governing the magnetic field geometry, but also the regularisation functionals. Results. Recognising that the observed strong magnetic fields in most well-mapped stars require the field geometry to be force free, we show that the formulae used so far to describe the magnetic geometry do not meet this condition. It follows that the published magnetic maps and the abundance maps of these stars are all spurious. Conclusions. To obtain observational constraints for the modelling of atomic diffusion, the use in ZDM of the correct formulae for force-free or potential magnetic fields is paramount. Extensive simulations are required to quantify the effects of chemical stratifications and of regularisation functions on the recovered magnetic and abundance maps.

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Shusterman, A., M. Munz, G. Richter, S. Jepsen, W. Lieb, B. Krone, P. Hoffman et al. « The PF4/PPBP/CXCL5 Gene Cluster Is Associated with Periodontitis ». Journal of Dental Research 96, n^o 8 (3 mai 2017) : 945–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034517706311.

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Periodontitis is a common dysbiotic inflammatory disease with an estimated heritability of 50%. Due to the limited sample size of available periodontitis cohorts and the underlying trait heterogeneity, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of chronic periodontitis (CP) have been unsuccessful in discovering susceptibility factors. A strategy that combines agnostic GWAS with a well-powered candidate-gene approach has the potential to discover novel loci. We combined RNA-seq data from gingival tissues with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that were identified in a F2-cross of mice resistant and susceptible to infection with oral bacterial pathogens. Four genes, which were located within the mapped QTLs, showed differential expression. The chromosomal regions across the human orthologous were interrogated for putative periodontitis-associated variants using existing GWAS data from a German case-control sample of aggressive periodontitis (AgP; 651 cases, 4,001 controls), the most severe and early onset form of periodontitis. Two haplotype blocks, one upstream to the coding region of UGT2A1 (rs146712414, P = 9.1 × 10−5; odds ratio [OR], 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–1.56) and one downstream of the genes PF4/PPBP/CXCL5 (rs1595009, P = 1.3 × 10−4; OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.15–1.52), were associated with AgP. The association of rs1595009 was validated in an independent cohort of CP of European Americans (1,961 cases and 1,864 controls; P = 0.03; OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.01–1.29). This association was further replicated in another sample of 399 German CP cases (disease onset <60 y of age) and 1,633 controls ( P = 0.03; OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.06–2.90). The combined estimates of association from all samples were P = 2.9 × 10−5 (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.3). This study shows the strength of combining QTL mapping and RNA-Seq data from a mouse model with association studies in human case-control samples to identify genetic risk variants of periodontitis.

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Zhang, Xu, Jihyun Song, Binal N. Shah, Galina Miasnikova, Adelina Sergueeva, Josef T. Prchal et Victor R. Gordeuk. « Hypoxic Response-Dependent Genetic Regulation Revealed By Allele-Specific Expression in Reticulocytes of Chuvash Polycythemia ». Blood 130, Suppl_1 (7 décembre 2017) : 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v130.suppl_1.926.926.

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Abstract Homozygosity for the VHLR200W mutation in Chuvash polycythemia (CP) leads to decreased degradation of the α subunits of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 and HIF-2 by the hypomorphic variant of VHL, the principal negative regulator of HIFs. The constitutively activated HIFs directly regulate the transcription of a suite of hypoxic responsible genes, including the principal regulators of erythropoiesis, vessel development, and glycolytic metabolism, which further trigger a downstream cascade of gene expression. Besides these transcriptional factors, cis acting elements play an important role in the hypoxic gene regulatory network. To assess the extent of cis regulatory variation in hypoxic gene expression, we compared allele-specific expression (ASE) in purified reticulocytes between VHLR200W homozygote individuals and age- and gender-matched wild type control individuals living at the same altitude of ~200 meters from the Chuvash population. Cell fractions of reticulocytes were purified from 17 VHLR200W homozygotes and 13 wild type individuals. Total RNA was extracted, depleted of ribosomal RNA and hemoglobin transcripts, and reverse transcribed. Strand-specific libraries were constructed for 125 bp paired-end sequencing to 30-45 million read pairs per sample using Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. The samples were collected and processed in three batches across two years, with VHL genotype randomized in each batch. The sequencing data were mapped to human reference genome and analyzed for differential expression and differential ASE between VHLR200W homozygotes and wild type individuals. At 5% false discovery rate (FDR, i.e., <5 false positives in 100 detected genes), 1,267 genes were differentially expressed with more than 1.2-fold change in CP patients, 703 elevated and 564 decreased. Genes up-regulated in CP were enriched (fold enrichment >5, FDR <0.05) in REACTOME pathways of epigenetic remodeling (Packaging of telomere ends, DNA methylation, HDACs deacetylate histones, PRC2 methylates histones and DNA, Deposition of new CENPA-containing nucleosomes at the centromere, HATs acetylate histones) and oxidative stress induced senescence (DNA damage/telomere stress induced senescence, Senescence-associated secretory phenotype, Oxidative stress induced senescence). Genes decreased in CP were enriched in REACTOME pathways of cell cycle (E2F-enabled inhibition of pre-replication complex formation, Nuclear pore complex disassembly, SUMOylation of DNA replication proteins) and DNA damage repair (Activation of ATR in response to replication stress, SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins). ASE was analyzed between CP and wild type individuals to assess hypoxic response-dependent genetic effects on gene expression. For the 1,267 genes differentially expressed in the CP, we selected genes containing exonic SNPs with heterozygous alleles for ASE analysis. With a null hypothesis of no cis acting regulation on the gene expression, both alleles are expected to be expressed at the same level, whereas allelic imbalance indicates linked cis regulation. At a given bi-allelic SNP, individuals with ≥2 read counts covering each of the reference and alternative alleles and with ≥20 total counts were included in the analysis. Exonic SNPs with at least one individual in each of the CP and wild type group were further selected to test for differential ASE between the CP and wild type groups, using a generalized linear model. A total of 147 genes passed the filtering and were analyzed, among which 32 were detected to have significant CP-dependent ASE at 5% FDR. Some of these genes may have important roles in hypoxic responses in CP reticulocytes, for example NEIL3, encoding a DNA glycosylase that initiates the first step in base excision repair by cleaving bases damaged by reactive oxygen species, and STOM, encoding an integral membrane protein that localizes to the cell membrane of red blood cells, loss of which is associated with hereditary stomatocytosis. Our study reveals plethora of gene expression changes in CP reticulocytes compared to wild type controls, among which 22% could be regulated by hypoxic response-specific cis genetic variations. These observations indicate the prominence of cis elements in hypoxic response, for which substantial inter-individual differences exist even among a relatively isolated population. Disclosures Gordeuk: Emmaus Life Sciences: Consultancy.

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Soverini, Simona, Sabrina Colarossi, Alessandra Gnani, Gianantonio Rosti, Fausto Castagnetti, Angela Poerio, Ilaria Iacobucci et al. « Frequency, Distribution and Prognostic Value of ABL Kinase Domain (KD) Mutations in Different Subsets of Philadelphia-Positive (Ph+) Patients (Pts) Resistant to Imatinib (IM) by the Gimema Working Party on CML. » Blood 106, n^o 11 (16 novembre 2005) : 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.435.435.

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Abstract Using denaturing-high performance liquid chromatography and sequencing, we screened for ABL KD mutations 319 IM-resistant Ph+ pts. Median time between diagnosis and IM start at 400–600 mg/d was 40 (0–160) months. Median duration of IM was 27 (9–62) months. Evaluable pts were 256/319 (80%). At the time of analysis, 178/256 (70%) pts were in chronic phase (CP)(36 previously untreated, 142 post-IFN failure), 16 (6%) pts were in accelerated phase (AP), 26 (10%) pts were in myeloid blast crisis (myBC), 36 (14%) were in lymphoid blast crisis (lyBC) or had Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). One hundred and forty-two pts had primary resistance to IM, 114 had acquired resistance. Ninety-eight mutations were found in 91/256 (36%) pts. In 6 pts (2 Ph+ ALL, 2myBC, 1 lyBC, 1 CP post-IFN failure) multiple mutations simultaneously occurred. Mutations mapped to 15 codons, the most frequent ones being E255K/V (15 pts), Y253F/H (12 pts), T315I (10 pts), M351T (10 pts), F359V/I (10 pts), M244V (9 pts), G250E (8 pts). Three novel amino acid substitutions (F311I; E355D; F359I) and a novel mutated codon (P296H) were detected; biochemical/structural characterization will be presented. Mutations were found in 36/178 (26%) CP pts (4/36 (11%) previously untreated, 32/142 (22%) post-IFN failure), 7/16 (44%) AP pts, 19/26 (73%) myBC pts and 29/36 (81%) lyBC/Ph+ ALL pts (CP vs. AP, p=.04; AP vs. BC, p=.01; CP vs. BC, p<.001). Mutations were associated in 41/142 (29%) pts with primary resistance (4/8 hematologic and 37/134 cytogenetic) and in 50/114 (44%) pts with acquired resistance (10/50 pts who lost CCgR, 16/32 pts who lost HR, 24/32 pts who progressed to AP/BC)(primary vs. acquired, p=.009). Thirty-nine out of 49 pts with P-loop or T315I mutations had already progressed to AP/BC at the time of mutation detection; 4 additional pts subsequently progressed. In contrast, only 17 of the 42 remaining pts with mutations had progressed or subsequently progressed (p<.001). In a subset of 93 IM-resistant CP pts who were homogeneously treated in the CML/002/STI571 trial, with a follow-up ranging between 10 and 51 months, presence of a mutation was significantly associated with greater likelihood of progression (Log-Rank p<.001) and shorter survival (Log-Rank p=.005). Pts carrying P-loop or T315I mutations showed a particularly poor outcome both in terms of time to progression (Log-Rank p=.003) and in terms of survival (Log-Rank p=.02). We conclude that: a) there is a significantly higher probability of mutations according to disease phase (Ph+ ALL and BC>AP>CP); b) there is a significantly higher probability of mutations in pts with acquired resistance vs. pts with primary resistance; c) mutations, and in particular those affecting P-loop or codon 315, are associated with a worse outcome. Supported by AIL, AIRC, Fondazione del Monte di Bologna e Ravenna.

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Jabbour, Elias, Hagop Kantarjian, Dan Jones, Susan O’Brien, Raja Luthra, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Francis Giles, Mary Beth Rios, Srdan Verstovsek et Jorge Cortes. « Long-Term Incidence and Outcome of BCR-ABL Mutations in Patients (pts) with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Treated with Imatinib Mesylate - P-Loop Mutations Are Not Associated with Worse Outcome. » Blood 104, n^o 11 (16 novembre 2004) : 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1007.1007.

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Abstract Resistance to imatinib in CML may occur through mutations of the BCR-ABL kinase domain. We investigated the occurrence of mutations in 159 pts treated with imatinib by direct sequencing. Pts had been treated with imatinib for a median of 32 months (mo) (range, 4 to 60 mo). 52 mutations were identified in 49 (31%) pts: 3 pts had 2 different mutations; in 2 of them they appeared simultaneously. Mutations mapped to 23 different amino acid residues, with the most frequent locating to the P-loop (n=19; 39%), and the residues in imatinib binding pocket (n=12; 25%). The single most common mutations were G250E (n=8) and F317L (n=7). At the time imatinib was started, 34 pts (70%) were in chronic phase (CP) (13 previously untreated, 21 post-IFN failure), 14 (28%) in accelerated phase (AP), and 1 (2%) in lymphoid blast phase (BP). Three pts (2 AP, 1BP) had clonal evolution. Best response to imatinib for pts in CP was: cytogenetic (CG) response complete (CGCR) in 13 (38%), partial (CGPR) in 8 (24%), minor in 1 (3%), and hematologic response only in 12 (35%) (11 complete, 1 partial). For pts in AP, best response was: CGCR in 5 (36%), CGPR in 3 (21%), minor in 1 (7%), and hematologic only in 5 (36%). The pt in BP had achieved CGCR. At the time mutations occurred, 47 (96%) pts had lost their hematologic or cytogenetic response, and clonal evolution had occurred in 15 (68%) pts. Among pts who were initially treated in CP, 9 had transformed to AP and 3 to BP. Two pts treated in AP had progressed to BP. In 2 (4%) pts (1 CP, 1 AP) the mutation (F317L, F311I) was identified while in CGCR remission; both pts have remained in CG CR 2 and 4 mo, respectively after the mutations was identified. Five patients died (4 AP, 1 CP) after a median of 7 mo (1–20 mo) following the detection of mutations. Their mutations included F317L (n=2), M244V, F359V, H396R (1 each). Thus, after a median follow-up of 6 mo (range, 1–20 mo) from detection, only 1 of 19 pts with P-loop mutations has died versus 4 of 30 with non-P-loop mutations. The estimated 15-months survival rates were 95% and 83%, respectively (p=0.50). We conclude that 1) mutations occur frequently among pts with acquired resistance to imatinib; 2) in few instances they can be identified in pts in CGCR; and 3) P-loop mutations may not be associated with worse outcome compared to other mutations.

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Javed, Muhammad Yaqoob, Iqbal Ahmed Khurshid, Aamer Bilal Asghar, Syed Tahir Hussain Rizvi, Kamal Shahid et Krzysztof Ejsmont. « An Efficient Estimation of Wind Turbine Output Power Using Neural Networks ». Energies 15, n^o 14 (18 juillet 2022) : 5210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145210.

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Wind energy is a valuable source of electric power as its motion can be converted into mechanical energy, and ultimately electricity. The significant variability of wind speed calls for highly robust estimation methods. In this study, the mechanical power of wind turbines (WTs) is successfully estimated using input variables such as wind speed, angular speed of WT rotor, blade pitch, and power coefficient (Cp). The feed-forward backpropagation neural networks (FFBPNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are incorporated to perform the estimations of wind turbine output power. The estimations are performed based on diverse parameters including the number of hidden layers, learning rates, and activation functions. The networks are trained using a scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) algorithm and evaluated in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) indices. FFBPNN shows better results in terms of RMSE (0.49%) and MAPE (1.33%) using two and three hidden layers, respectively. The study indicates the significance of optimal selection of input parameters and effects of changing several hidden layers, activation functions, and learning rates to achieve the best performance of FFBPNN and RNN.

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Braumann, Sandra M., Joerg M. Schaefer, Stephanie M. Neuhuber, Christopher Lüthgens, Alan J. Hidy et Markus Fiebig. « Early Holocene cold snaps and their expression in the moraine record of the eastern European Alps ». Climate of the Past 17, n^o 6 (2 décembre 2021) : 2451–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2451-2021.

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Abstract. Glaciers preserve climate variations in their geological and geomorphological records, which makes them prime candidates for climate reconstructions. Investigating the glacier–climate system over the past millennia is particularly relevant first because the amplitude and frequency of natural climate variability during the Holocene provides the climatic context against which modern, human-induced climate change must be assessed. Second, the transition from the last glacial to the current interglacial promises important insights into the climate system during warming, which is of particular interest with respect to ongoing climate change. Evidence of stable ice margin positions that record cooling during the past 12 kyr are preserved in two glaciated valleys of the Silvretta Massif in the eastern European Alps, the Jamtal (JAM) and the Laraintal (LAR). We mapped and dated moraines in these catchments including historical ridges using beryllium-10 surface exposure dating (10Be SED) techniques and correlate resulting moraine formation intervals with climate proxy records to evaluate the spatial and temporal scale of these cold phases. The new geochronologies indicate the formation of moraines during the early Holocene (EH), ca. 11.0 ± 0.7 ka (n = 19). Boulder ages along historical moraines (n = 6) suggest at least two glacier advances during the Little Ice Age (LIA; ca. 1250–1850 CE) around 1300 CE and in the second half of the 18th century. An earlier advance to the same position may have occurred around 500 CE. The Jamtal and Laraintal moraine chronologies provide evidence that millennial-scale EH warming was superimposed by centennial-scale cooling. The timing of EH moraine formation coincides with brief temperature drops identified in local and regional paleoproxy records, most prominently with the Preboreal Oscillation (PBO) and is consistent with moraine deposition in other catchments in the European Alps and in the Arctic region. This consistency points to cooling beyond the local scale and therefore a regional or even hemispheric climate driver. Freshwater input sourced from the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS), which changed circulation patterns in the North Atlantic, is a plausible explanation for EH cooling and moraine formation in the Nordic region and in Europe.

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Davino, Salvatore, Laura Miozzi, Stefano Panno, Luis Rubio, Mario Davino et Gian Paolo Accotto. « Recombination profiles between Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus in laboratory and field conditions : evolutionary and taxonomic implications ». Journal of General Virology 93, n^o 12 (1 décembre 2012) : 2712–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.045773-0.

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Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus have co-existed in Italian tomato crops since 2002 and have reached equilibrium, with plants hosting molecules of both species plus their recombinants being the most frequent case. Recombination events are studied in field samples, as well as in experimental co-infections, when recombinants were detected as early as 45 days following inoculation. In both conditions, recombination breakpoints were essentially absent in regions corresponding to ORFs V2, CP and C4, whereas density was highest in the 3′-terminal portion of ORF C3, next to the region where the two transcription units co-terminate. The vast majority of breakpoints were mapped at antisense ORFs, supporting speculation that the rolling-circle replication mechanism, and the existence of sense and antisense ORFs on the circular genome, may result in clashes between replication and transcription complexes.

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Kaeda, Jaspal S., Christian Oberender, Daniel Neuman, Theo Kim, Ken I. Mills, Anna Serra, Philipp Hemmati et al. « Differential Expression of SHP-1 Levels in Chronic Phase and Advanced Disease CML and in AML Patients ». Blood 120, n^o 21 (16 novembre 2012) : 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.1449.1449.

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Abstract Abstract 1449 Despite unprecedented success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in treating chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients, optimum clinical management is still impeded by lack of reliable predictive and prognostic markers to identify those at risk of progression from chronic phase (CP) to advanced disease (AD), i.e. accelerated phase (AP) and blast crisis (BC). Significantly, SHP-1 (Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphates-1) is reported to bind to BCR-ABL1. Furthermore, SHP-1 knockout mice fail to thrive and develop a myeloproliferative-like disease, while point mutations have been detected in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) disorder. These observations are consistent with SHP-1 function as a negative regulator of PI3K-Akt pathway and a tumour suppressor. More recently data implied SHP-1 expression levels were prognostic and predictive of TKI response. Therefore we quantified SHP-1 mRNA levels in CML patients to assess these findings. In addition, we included acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and adult blood donor samples controls. SHP-1, BCR-ABL1 and GUSβ (endogenous control gene) and MSI2 mRNA levels were retrospectively assessed by Taqman quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction in 78 highly heterogeneous CML patients [median age of 50 years (20–76); M: 44; F: 34]; 54 in CP; 24 in AD (6 in AP and 18 in BC). Among the 78 patients 59 were treated with two or more agents. But 19, all in CP, were prescribed single drug only; Imatinib (n=11); nilotinib (n=6); dasatinib (n=1) and interferon + cytarabine (n=1). Sanger sequencing of the BCR-ABL1 kinase domain in 40 (CP: 27; AD: 13) of the 78 patients identified 18 (CP: 9; AD: 10) with one or more mutations. In 8 patients the mutations mapped to the P-loop, 3 had T315I in isolation or in combination with another KD variant and 7 had non-P-loop variants. Seventyseven diagnostic samples from AML patients (M: 42; F: 35) with a median age of 63 years (8–85) were included and 18 normal control (NC) samples from blood donors with median age 44 years (35–61). Target gene expression levels were reported as ratio to GUSβ. Samples with <5500 GUSβ copies were excluded from the study. SHP-1 expression was significantly higher (p=<0.0001) in CML patients (median: 31.54; range: 0.82–675.1) when compared with NC (median: 3.66; range: 1.40–6.36). Among the CML patients SHP-1 mRNA copies were significantly lower (p=<0.0002) in AD patients [median 14.0 (0.8–211.9)], compared with CP (median 37.7; range: 5.2–675.1). However, there was no significant difference between 9 patients failing to achieve a major molecular response (MMR) within 18 months and 7 patients who did. Furthermore, among the CP patients we observed no significant difference in SHP-1 mRNA levels between those patients prescribed 1 (n=18), 2 (n=7), or ≥3 TKI (n=8), which generally correlates with optimal, sub-optimal and/or failed response. Similarly, we found no significant difference in SHP-1 expression between mutated KD and wild type alleles in CP. The number of patients in BC was limited to assess this. Importantly, we observed no significant difference between AML and NC samples (p=0.801). But there was a significant difference between CML patients in AD and normal, p=<0.0001. We and others previously reported a significant increase in expression of MSI2, a stem cell renewal regulator, between CP and AD, but we found no correlation among 51 CML patients assessed for MSI2 and SHP-1 mRNA levels. We report here differential expression of the putative tumour suppressor SHP-1 in CML patients in CP and AD, with lower levels in the latter. However, SHP-1 expression in these two groups was higher than that detected in AML and NC samples. In contrast to earlier reports we did not observe a significant difference between those achieving and failing MMR within 18 months nor between patients with different degrees of response to TKI therapy. This variance may have been affected by the different time points of sample acquisition during the course of the treatment. Our data imply SHP-1 regulates or is regulated by BCR-ABL1. Moreover, it is reported that SHP-1 may counteract oncogenic effect of BCR-ABL1, however, we observed no correlation in mRNA levels between them in our 78 CML patients. The data presented here warrant a prospective study to assess whether SHP-1 expression levels is able to identify patients at risk of progression prior to other markers, e.g. BCR-ABL1 copy numbers. Disclosures: le Coutre: Novartis: Consultancy.

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S, Sivarao, A. K. Zuhair, M. A. M. Ali, Kadirgama Kadirgama, U. K. Dubey, Satish Pujari et L. D. Sivakumar. « Artificial Neural Network Predictive Modelling of Laser Micro-Grooving for Commercial Pure Titanium (CP Ti) Grade 2 ». Journal of Mechanical Engineering 18, n^o 2 (15 avril 2021) : 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jmeche.v18i2.15157.

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Grooving is the process of making a narrow channel on a surface of flat or cylindrical workpiece. Groove is precisely made to parts used in automotive, biomedical, and electronics industries. In automotive industries, groove plays an important role especially on mechanical parts to precisely locate seal (o-ring) to prevent gas/oil leakage between dynamic mating parts. On the other hand, artificial neural network (ANN) has been widely used in developing predictive models of various manufacturing processes to save huge amount of production time and money for industries. Unfortunately, very limited research has been investigated on micro groove quality employing ANN predictive models. Therefore, this research work presents on how the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) predictive model has been established, optimised and utilised to predict the laser micro-grooving quality of commercial pure titanium grade 2 material. A 3KW CO2 laser cutting machine was employed considering laser power, gas pressure, cutting speed, depth of cut and focal distance as the design parameters for modelling. On the other hand, three significant responses namely groove depth, groove width and groove corner radius were investigated. Experimental results were fed to establish the ANN predictive model, which then its parameters were optimized to gain high level prediction accuracy. The predicted results of ANN model presented the mean absolute percentage error for groove depth, groove width and groove corner radius at about 7.29%, 10.93% and 11.96% respectively. The obtained predictive results were found quite promising with the average of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for quality predictions which falls between 10 to 15%, concluding the validity of the developed ANN predictive model.

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Bağrıaçık, Metin. « Representing discourse in clausal syntax ». Journal of Greek Linguistics 17, n^o 2 (2017) : 141–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15699846-01702001.

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In Pharasiot Greek, an Asia Minor Greek dialect, a certain particle copied from Turkish, ki, is employed in a number of seemingly unrelated constructions. Close scrutiny, however, reveals that in each of these constructions, ki is employed as a device geared to influencing the interlocutor’s epistemic vigilance. Based on the Cartographic Approach which defends the syntactization of the interpretive domains, I propose that this unique semantics of ki should be represented in the clause structure. Following recent work which advocates the existence of a pragmatic field—Speech Act Phrase (SAP) in particular—above the CP-layer, where discourse and pragmatic roles are mapped onto syntax, I propose that ki is the overt exponent of SA0 and is further endowed with a [+ sentience] feature indexing the speaker as the sentient mind. The apparent differences between various construction types which involve ki—hence, in which SAP projects—then reduce to whether the [+ sentience] feature on SA0 is checked by an internally or externally merging category in Spec, SAP.

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Bud, Eugen Silviu, Cristina Ioana Bică, Mariana Păcurar, Petru Vaida, Alexandru Vlasa, Krisztina Martha et Anamaria Bud. « Observational Study Regarding Possible Side Effects of Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expander (MARPE) with or without the Use of Corticopuncture Therapy ». Biology 10, n^o 3 (3 mars 2021) : 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10030187.

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The use of maxillary expanders has the effect of distancing the maxillary bones at the level of the median palatal suture. During maxillary expansion, the main resistance forces occur at the zygomatico-maxillary sutures, and not in the median palatal suture, which is the basic principle on which this method is based. In this observational study, we evaluated possible complications at the skeletal and dentoalveolar level after palatal split using miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) associated or not with corticopuncture (CP) therapy. The study included 27 patients with maxillary transverse deficiency and unilateral or bilateral cross-bite. Skeletal and dentoalveolar changes were evaluated using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired before and after expansion. The mid-palatal suture was separated in 88.88% of cases, buccal bone height of the alveolar crest had decreased at first molar both at oral and palatal level by approximately 2.07 mm in 40.7% of cases whilst the remaining 59.3% showed insignificant bone loss, with canines exhibiting buccal tipping of 4.10° in 62.5% of cases. Changes of the occlusal planes were observed in 10 cases (37%). Maxillary canines tended to show symmetric buccal inclinations relative to the maxillary basal bone. Six patients; 22.22% showed hypertrophy/hyperplasia of the palatal mucosa associated with ulcerations, erythema, itching, and discomfort in the area. Swelling at the mid-palatal suture after split was observed in all cases and was caused by the resultant force. No cases of necrosis of the palatal mucosa were observed. Although occlusal modifications occur after palatal split, especially in unilateral cross-bite cases, these changes can be treated with the help of fixed orthodontic appliances.

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Kaeda, Jaspal S., Ken I. Mills, Michael G. Kharas, Giuseppe Saglio, Michaela Schwarz, Christian Oberender, Bärbel Pawlaczyk-Peter et al. « Increased MSI2 expression Is Associated with Aggressive CML and AML ». Blood 118, n^o 21 (18 novembre 2011) : 2516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.2516.2516.

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Abstract Abstract 2516 The events triggering arrested differentiation and a more aggressive disease in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients are unclear. Dysregulation of MSI2 has been suggested as a causal event in the transformation of chronic phase (CP), a relatively indolent disease phase, to blast crisis (BC), which is usually fatal. The Musashi gene family, regulated by HOXA9, has been shown to control critical cell fate decisions by binding to the 3'untranslated region of target mRNAs, thereby inhibiting translation. This results in dysfunction of the regulatory pathway, leading to hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) proliferation, impaired myeloid differentiation and worse clinical prognosis in CML and AML. In this study we attempt to verify these published results and test the utility of using MSI2 as a prognostic marker in CML and AML. To assess if MSI2 expression levels might be prognostic in CML, we screened 65 heterogeneous patients [median age; 45 years (19–75); M:35; F:30] of whom 54 were in CP and 11 in advanced disease, treated with different modalities. Of these 64 were administered one or more of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors, of these 2 underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplant. One patient was managed with interferon plus cytarabine only. BCR-ABL1 Kinase domain mutations were documented in 8 of the 11 patients in advanced disease, of which 3 were T315I in combination with another mutation and 4 mapped to the P-loop. Of the 30 CP patients screened 10 had KD mutation, of which one was T315I and 2 were within the P-loop. The overall median survival for 11 patients in advanced disease [2 accelerated phase; 9 BC (4 myeloid, 5 lymphoid)] is 3.9 years (1.1–19.0), 7 of the BC had died (median survival 4.0 years). All the CP patients are alive with an overall median survival of 3.54 years (0.46–16.4). In addition we screened 89 diagnostic samples from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients (M:53; F:36) with a median age of 61 years (8–85) and 27 normal control blood donor samples. The MSI2, BCR-ABL1 and GUSß endogenous control gene) mRNA expression were measured by TaqMan real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) in separate assays. The MSI2 and GUSß mRNA were measured in duplicate and BCR-ABL1 in triplicate as were the standards for the three genes assayed. The data were expressed as % ratio of the control gene, only samples with >5500 GUSß copies were included in the data presented here. Msi2 expression was detected in all samples by RQ-PCR but was significantly increased (p=<0.0001) in advanced disease CML patients [median 6.7 (1.3–22.9)], irrespective of lymphoid or myeloid transformation, when compared with CML CP subjects [median 2.2 (0.2–6.3)]. BCR-ABL1 was detectable in all CML samples. The median for BCR-ABL1 copies in the 11 advanced disease patients was 101.4 (0.3–325.8). Remarkably, when patients in CP were classified as less and greater than the 2.16 MSI2 median, the BCR-ABL1 mRNA median values were 19.4 (0.1–1000) and 1.31 (0.02–393) transcripts, respectively, i.e. higher MSI2 expression was associated with lower BCR-ABL1 transcripts (p=0.023). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in MSI2 expression between the normal control population [median 2.16 (1.33–7.53)] and CP patients (p=0.204). The 89 AML samples had a median MSI2 value of 3.67 (0.41–40.17). Outcome data was available for 86 and these were classified into tertiles (low, intermediate and high MSI2). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a p value of 0.088 when comparing the outcome of patients in the low and high groups and 0.091 between low and intermediate/high. Although this is a small cohort, the difference in outcome was due to only 4 out of 26 (15.4%) patients in the low group who had died with a mean survival of 525 days (182–840); compared to 17 out of 53 (32%) in the intermediate/High group with a mean survival of 52 days (1–120). In summary, our data identified an inverse relationship between MSI2 and BCR-ABL1 expression levels in CP patients. These observations may reflect the finding of lower expression of HOXA family and MSI2 in quiescent CML stem cells compared to normal stem cells. A longitudinal study among the CP patients might indicate how it effects their overall survival. We also provide evidence that increased MSI2 expression correlates with an aggressiveness of CML and early death in AML. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Ayllón, María A., Siddarame Gowda, Tatineni Satyanarayana, Alexander V. Karasev, Scott Adkins, Munir Mawassi, José Guerri, Pedro Moreno et William O. Dawson. « Effects of Modification of the Transcription Initiation Site Context on Citrus Tristeza Virus Subgenomic RNA Synthesis ». Journal of Virology 77, n^o 17 (1 septembre 2003) : 9232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.17.9232-9243.2003.

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ABSTRACT Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), a member of the Closteroviridae, has a positive-sense RNA genome of about 20 kb organized into 12 open reading frames (ORFs). The last 10 ORFs are expressed through 3′-coterminal subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs) regulated in both amounts and timing. Additionally, relatively large amounts of complementary sgRNAs are produced. We have been unable to determine whether these sgRNAs are produced by internal promotion from the full-length template minus strand or by transcription from the minus-stranded sgRNAs. Understanding the regulation of 10 sgRNAs is a conceptual challenge. In analyzing commonalities of a replicase complex in producing so many sgRNAs, we examined initiating nucleotides of the sgRNAs. We mapped the 5′ termini of intermediate- (CP and p13) and low- (p18) produced sgRNAs that, like the two highly abundant sgRNAs (p20 and p23) previously mapped, all initiate with an adenylate. We then examined modifications of the initiation site, which has been shown to be useful in defining mechanisms of sgRNA synthesis. Surprisingly, mutation of the initiating nucleotide of the CTV sgRNAs did not prevent sgRNA accumulation. Based on our results, the CTV replication complex appears to initiate sgRNA synthesis with purines, preferably with adenylates, and is able to initiate synthesis using a nucleotide a few positions 5′ or 3′ of the native initiation nucleotide. Furthermore, the context of the initiation site appears to be a regulatory mechanism for levels of sgRNA production. These data do not support either of the established mechanisms for synthesis of sgRNAs, suggesting that CTV sgRNA production utilizes a different mechanism.

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Zhou, Y. C., E. R. Garrido-Ramirez, M. R. Sudarshana, S. Yendluri et R. L. Gilbertson. « The N-terminus of the Begomovirus Nuclear Shuttle Protein (BV1) Determines Virulence or Avirulence in Phaseolus vulgaris ». Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 20, n^o 12 (décembre 2007) : 1523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-20-12-1523.

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The BV1 gene of the bipartite Begomovirus genome encodes a nuclear shuttle protein (NSP) that is also an avirulence determinant in common bean. The function of the NSP of two common bean-infecting bipartite begomoviruses, Bean dwarf mosaic virus (BDMV) and Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV), was investigated using a series of hybrid DNA-B components expressing chimeric BDMV and BGYMV NSP, and genotypes of the two major common bean gene pools: Andean (cv. Topcrop) and Middle American (cvs. Alpine and UI 114). BDMV DNA-A coinoculated with HBDBG4 (BDMV DNA-B expressing the BGYMV NSP) and HBDBG9 (BDMV DNA-B expressing a chimeric NSP with the N-terminal 1 to 42 amino acids from BGYMV) overcame the BDMV resistance of UI 114. This established that the BDMV NSP is an avirulence determinant in UI 114, and mapped the domain involved in this response to the N-terminus, which is a variable surface-exposed region. BDMV DNA-A coinoculated with HBDBG10, expressing a chimeric NSP with amino acids 43 to 92 from BGYMV, was not infectious, revealing an essential virus-specific domain. In the BGYMV background, the BDMV NSP was a virulence factor in the Andean cv. Topcrop, whereas it was an avirulence factor in the Middle American cultivars, particularly in the absence of the BGYMV NSP. The capsid protein (CP) also played a gene pool–specific role in viral infectivity; it was dispensable for infectivity in the Andean cv. Topcrop, but was required for infectivity of BDMV, BGYMV, and certain hybrid viruses in the Middle American cultivars. Redundancy of the CP and NSP, which are nuclear proteins involved directly or indirectly in viral movement, provides a masking effect that may allow the virus to avoid host defense responses.

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Soverini, Simona, Luana Bavaro, Margherita Martelli, Caterina De Benedittis, Alessandra Iurlo, Nicola Orofino, Livio Pagano et al. « Compound BCR-ABL1 Kinase Domain Mutants : Prevalence, Spectrum and Correlation with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance in a Prospective Series of Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Leukemia Patients Analyzed By Next Generation Sequencing ». Blood 132, Supplement 1 (29 novembre 2018) : 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-117166.

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Abstract Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)-based BCR-ABL1 kinase domain (KD) mutation screening has been shown to enable greater accuracy and sensitivity and straightforward identification of compound mutants (CM) as compared to Sanger sequencing (seq). However, the prevalence of CMs has never been assessed in prospective studies, and although in vitro data suggest that many of them may be challenging for all tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) including ponatinib, attempts to correlate such data with in vivo responses have never been made. To address these issues, we have reviewed the results of routine NGS-based BCR-ABL1 KD mutation screening performed over the past 3 years. Between 2015 and 2018, we have prospectively used NGS to analyze a consecutive series of 751 Ph+ leukemia patients (pts) on TKI therapy who were eligible for BCR-ABL1 KD mutation screening according to ELN/NCCN/ESMO recommendations. The study population included 664 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) pts with failure or warning response (chronic phase [CP], n=593; accelerated or blastic phase [AP/BP], n=71) and 87 Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) pts with relapsed/refractory disease. NGS of ≈400bp amplicons generated by nested RT-PCR was performed on a Roche GS Junior (until April 2017) or on an Illumina MiSeq (from May 2017 on) using custom protocols whose accuracy, sensitivity and reproducibility was checked by national and international (EUTOS) control rounds. Read alignment and variant calling was done using the AmpSuite software (SmartSeq srl), with a lower detection limit set to 3%. Cis or trans configuration of mutation pairs, indicating CMs or polyclonality, respectively, was determined correcting for the likelihood of PCR recombination. The 35INS insertion/truncation mutant was excluded from the analysis. NGS identified mutations in the BCR-ABL1 KD in a total of 313/664 (47%) CML pts (255/593 [43%] CP-CML and 58/71 [82%] AP/BP-CML) and 69/87 (79%) Ph+ ALL pts. Ninety-one percent of the mutations could be recognized as conferring resistance to at least one TKI on the basis of publicly available IC50 data or published reports. In 42/593 (7%) CP-CML, 6/71 (8.5%) AP/BP-CML and 12/87 (14%) Ph+ ALL pts, low burden mutations (i.e., mutations carried by a proportion of transcripts <15% - hence invisible to Sanger seq) were the only detectable mutation(s). In 21/593 (3.5%) CP-CML, 26/71 (37%) AP/BP-CML and 40/87 (46%) Ph+ ALL pts low burden mutations co-existed together with at least one dominant mutation (i.e. a mutation carried by a proportion of transcripts >15% - hence detectable by Sanger seq). Fifty-five (9.2%) CP-CML, 51 (72%) AP/BP-CML and 56 (49%) Ph+ ALL pts had ≥2 mutations (CP-CML: 1-5 mutations; AP/BP-CML: 1-6 mutations; Ph+ ALL: 1-13 mutations). Identification of CMs in pts with ≥2 mutations was fully possible (i.e., all the candidate pairs mapped within a distance of 400bp) in 71% of cases and partially possible (i.e., some, but not all the candidate pairs mapped within a distance of 400bp) in another 12% of cases. A total of 86 CMs (85 double and 1 triple) in 73 pts (21 [3.5%] CP-CML, 23 [32%] AP/BP-CML and 29 [37%] Ph+ ALL pts) could be catalogued (Figure 1A). All but two (T315I+D276G, M244V+E255K) were detected in pts who had received ≥2 TKIs and all included at least a 2nd-generation TKI-resistant mutation. The most frequent CMs were T315I+E255K, T315I+E255V, T315I+F359V, F317L+Y253H (Figure 1A). The triple CM, detected in a ponatinib-resistant pt, was F317I+Y253F+Q252H. Correlation of IC50 data with in vivo responses (the TKIs pts were clinically resistant to) confirmed only partially in vitro predictions (Figure 1B). In particular, although ponatinib was shown in vitro to be poorly effective against several CMs, only the T315I+E255V was consistently found to be associated with ponatinib failure. In conclusion, our results in a large unselected series of TKI-resistant pts analyzed by NGS show that:CMs are relatively infrequent in CP-CML, but may be a relevant issue in AP/BP-CML and Ph+ ALL;among pts with multiple mutations, those who have failed 1 line of therapy have most often polyclonality, whereas those who have failed ≥2 lines of therapy may have CMs or polyclonality;in vitro predictions of sensitivity and insensitivity based on IC50 data should be regarded with caution. In particular, the only compound mutant that we consistently found to be associated with ponatinib failure was the T315I+E255V. Supported by EUTOS 2016. Disclosures Soverini: Novartis: Consultancy; Incyte Biosciences: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy. Pagano:Pfizer: Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Speakers Bureau; Basilea: Speakers Bureau; Merck: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau. Gugliotta:Pfizer: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria. Castagnetti:Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bristol Meyers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria. Angelucci:Roche Italy: Other: Local (national) advisory board; Novartis: Honoraria, Other: Chair Steering Comiittee TELESTO Protocol; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: Chair DMC; Jazz Pharmaceuticals Italy: Other: Local ( national) advisory board; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (MA) and CRISPR CAS9 Therapeutics AG (CH): Other: Chair DMC. Martinelli:Abbvie: Consultancy; Ariad/Incyte: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Roche: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy. Cavo:Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; GlaxoSmithKline: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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Kattoush, Abbas Hasan. « A Radon Slantlet Transforms Based OFDM System Design and Performance Simulation under Different Channel Conditions ». ISRN Communications and Networking 2012 (8 mars 2012) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/318921.

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Due to its good orthogonality, slantlet transform (SLT) is used in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems to reduce intersymbol interference (ISI) and intercarrier interference (ICI). This eliminates the need for cyclic prefix (CP) and increases the spectral efficiency of the design. Finite Radon transform (FRAT) mapper has the ability to increase orthogonality of subcarriers, is nonsensitive to channel parameters variations, and has a small constellation energy compared with conventional fast-Fourier-transform- (FFT-) based OFDM. It is also able to work as a good interleaver, which significantly reduces the bit error rate (BER). In this paper both FRAT mapping technique and SLT modulator are implemented in a new design of an OFDM system. The new structure was tested and compared with conventional FFT-based OFDM, Radon transform-based OFDM, and SLT-based OFDM for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, flat fading channel (FFC), and multipath selective fading channel (SFC). Simulation tests were generated for different channel parameters values. The obtained results showed that the proposed system has increased the spectral efficiency, reduced ISI and ICI, and improved BER performance compared with other systems.

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MOHD LIP, NORLIANA, et NUR RASYIDA MOHD RASHID. « FEEDING BLEND OPTIMIZATION FOR LIVESTOCK BY USING GOAL PROGRAMMING APPROACH ». MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF COMPUTING 5, n^o 2 (3 août 2020) : 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/mjoc.v5i2.8943.

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Livestock feed blend formulation is an important process in livestock industry. This process will help the livestock industry nowadays to keep providing continuous supply of animal protein food to cater for the expanding and increasing demand as Malaysia is undergoing a rapid growth in economic and human population. The formulation of feed blend involves multiple objectives to be achieved through the decision making process. In this project, Goal Programming (GP) method is used to formulate the livestock feed blend for a farm situated in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. This method is an approach of assisting the decision makers to solve multiple objectives for livestock feed blend in determining an optimal combination of ingredients to meet the nutritional requirements. This will lead to a rational use of available resources by minimizing the production cost and maximizing the nutritional value required for the growth of livestock. The nutrition for the livestock is dry matter (DM), metabolism energy (ME), crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF). Then, the preemptive model is tested using LINGO software and the results have been validated by using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). All of the multiple objectives have been fully achieved which represents the ability of the goal programming model to comply with optimizing the feed blend formulation.

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Hussain, Muhammad Dilshad, Tahir Farooq, Xi Chen, Tong Jiang, Lianyi Zang, Muhammad Taimoor Shakeel et Tao Zhou. « Molecular Detection of Southern Tomato Amalgavirus Prevalent in Tomatoes and Its Genomic Characterization with Global Evolutionary Dynamics ». Viruses 14, n^o 11 (9 novembre 2022) : 2481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112481.

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Southern tomato amalgavirus (STV) is a cryptic pathogen that is abundant in tomato production fields and intensifies the resurgence of tomato yellow stunt disease (ToYSD), together with other phytoviruses. Here, we mapped the geographical and genomic diversity, phylogenetics, and evolutionary dynamics of STV. We found that STV prevailed across China and Pakistan, with a maximum average rate of infection of 43.19% in Beijing, China, and 40.08% in Punjab, Pakistan. Subsequently, we amplified, cloned, and annotated the complete genome sequences of STV isolates from Solanum lycopersicum L. in China (OP548653 and OP548652) and Pakistan (MT066231) using Sanger and next-generation sequencing (NGS). These STV isolates displayed close evolutionary relationships with others from Asia, America, and Europe. Whole-genome-based molecular diversity analysis showed that STV populations had 33 haplotypes with a gene diversity (Hd) of 0.977 and a nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.00404. The genetic variability of RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) was higher than that of the putative coat protein (CP) p42. Further analysis revealed that STV isolates were likely to be recombinant but with a lower-to-moderate level of confidence. With a variable distribution pattern of positively and negatively selected sites, negative selection pressure predominantly acted on p42 and RdRp. These findings elaborated on the molecular variability and evolutionary trends among STV populations across major tomato-producing regions of the world.

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Wang, Qian, et Ludan Zhang. « Management of Education and Correction of Problem Teenagers Based on Information Encryption Storage Method ». Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (22 avril 2022) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6506980.

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In order to effectively realize the management of educational correction for problem teenagers, improve the security and reliability of encrypted storage of educational correction information for problem teenagers, and shorten the encrypted storage time of educational correction information for problem teenagers, educational correction management for problem teenagers based on information encryption storage method is proposed. Analyze the information encryption storage method and combine it with the necessary theoretical foundation of education and correction of issue teenagers to create an encryption and secure storage management method for education and correction of problem teenagers’ information. The CP-ABE algorithm is used to obtain the initial key of the system, express the encrypted cipher-text, specify the attributes of each user in the problematic youth education and correction user permission list, and obtain the problem youth education and correction user permission control structure. Using tent mapping and cat mapping methods, the key parameters are calculated, respectively, and the encrypted file is piecewise, linearly mapped. Then, XOR is the plaintext bytes and key bytes of the encrypted and safe storage of the problem youth’s education and correction information, completing the encrypted and safe storage of the data information in the problem youth’s education and correction management and realizing the problem youth’s education and correction management. The results of the experiments show that the proposed technology is secure and reliable and that it can efficiently reduce the encryption storage time of educational corrective material for troubled teenagers.

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