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1
West, Michael, et Gabor Linthorst. Fabry Disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0049.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Fabry disease was initially believed to be a very rare disorder, but an increase in prevalence following screening studies revealed that it may be more frequent in a less severe (nonclassical) variant. The adult physician can encounter both phenotypes: classical disease arising in childhood, or after establishing the diagnosis in an adult male. The nonclassical phenotype is usually diagnosed after additional investigations in a patient with renal disease or left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) of unknown origin. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) appears to have a modest effect in Fabry disease, and many challenges remain both in understanding the pathophysiology and natural history as well as in improving patient outcomes.
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Ebstein, Richard P., Songfa Zhong, Robin Chark, Poh San Lai et Soo Hong Chew. Modeling the Genetics of Social Cognition in the Laboratory. Sous la direction de Turhan Canli. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199753888.013.017.
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This chapter examines recent advances in the genetics of social cognition, discussing evidence from twin studies that confirm the relevancy of genetic hard wiring in understanding many social phenotypes, with important implications for the social sciences and for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that may identify specific genes contributing to a wide range of social phenotypes, genoeconomics, and individual and social decision making. Stressing the importance of phenotype definition and precise measurement as key to success in GWAS, the authors argue that laboratory-based behavioral economic paradigms using ethnically homogenous student populations generate the best prospects for successful GWAS. Also discussed are the neurochemical/neurogenetic architecture of behavioral economic games that measure individual and social decision making and the considerable progress made in unraveling the neurogenetics of human parenting and the beginning of a political attitudes neuroscience. The authors’ own GWAS is used to present a set of guidelines for future research directions.
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Maruska, Karen P., et Russell D. Fernald. Social Regulation of Gene Expression in the African Cichlid Fish. Sous la direction de Turhan Canli. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199753888.013.012.
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How does an animal’s social environment shape its behavior and physiology, and what underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms lead to phenotypic changes? To address this question, the authors used a model system that exhibits socially regulated plastic phenotypes, behavioral complexity, molecular level access, and genomic resources. The African cichlid fishAstatotilapia burtoni, in which male status and reproductive physiology are under social control, has become an important model for studying the mechanisms that regulate complex social behaviors. This chapter reviews what is known about how information from the social environment produces changes in behavior, physiology, and gene expression profiles in the brain and reproductive axis ofA. burtoni. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for translating perception of social cues into molecular change in a model vertebrate is important for identifying selective pressures and evolutionary mechanisms that shape the brain and ultimately result in diverse and complex social behaviors.
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Brown, Nadia E., et Danielle Casarez Lemi. Sister Style. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197540572.001.0001.
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Sister Style: The Politics of Appearance for Black Women Political Elites centers Black women’s bodies, specifically their hair texture and skin tone, to argue that phenotypic differences among Black women politicians directly impact how they experience political office and how Black voters evaluate them. The book brings together an interdisciplinary, multi-method, and blended epistemological approach of positivism and interpretivism to ask whether African American women’s appearances provide a more nuanced lens through which to study how their raced-gendered identities impact their candidacies and shape their political behavior. The authors take a deep dive into intersectional theory-building, through which they examine the intra-categorical differences among Black women. They find that Black women vary in their political experiences because of their appearances, and that dominant, Eurocentric beauty standards influence the electoral chances of Black women. They observe that skin tone and hair texture, along with the historical legacies that have shaped the current cultural and political contexts, dictate Black women elites’ political experiences and voter evaluations of them. The book asks the following questions: What do the politics of appearance for Black women mean for Black women politicians and for Black voters who evaluate them? What are the origins of the contemporary focus on Black women’s bodies in public life? How do Black women politicians themselves make sense of the politics of appearance? Is there a phenotypic profile into which most Black women politicians fit? What is the effect of variation in Black women’s phenotypes for candidate evaluations? And how do voters process the appearances of Black women candidates?
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Okasha, Samir. Grafen’s Formal Darwinism, Adaptive Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815082.003.0005.
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A core Darwinian idea is that evolution will lead to well-adapted organisms, with phenotypes that maximize their fitness relative to the available alternatives. Grafen’s ‘formal Darwinism project’ attempts to make this idea precise, by explicitly linking the process of natural selection and the optimality of individuals’ phenotypes. Grafen’s analysis ties in closely with the unity-of-purpose constraint on agency, but does not amount to a general vindication of adaptationist assumptions. Under frequencydependence, the theory of adaptive dynamics shows that natural selection does not necessarily lead to phenotypes which maximize fitness conditional on their being fixed in the population. These results suggest that there is no theoretical principle to the effect that natural selection will tend to produce adaptation. The justification for agential thinking in biology must thus be empirical, not theoretical.
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Franco, Brunella. Oral-facial-digital type 1 syndrome. Sous la direction de Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0319_update_001.
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This chapter discusses oral-facial-digital type 1 syndrome (OFD1), which represents a rare syndromic form of inherited renal cystic disease associated with dysfunction of primary cilia. The disease is transmitted as an X-linked dominant male lethal trait. Embryonic lethality in affected hemizygous males is usually reported in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. The clinical spectrum for this disease includes malformation of the face, oral cavity, and digits with a high degree of phenotypic variability, even within the same family, possibly due to X-inactivation. Renal cystic disease is present in over 65% of adult cases and is usually observed in the second and third decades of life.
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Thompson, Summer L., et Stephanie C. Dulawa. Pharmacological and Behavioral Rodent Models of OCD. Sous la direction de Christopher Pittenger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228163.003.0035.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. Only half of patients respond to first-line pharmacological treatments, and symptom relief is typically partial, even in responders. Gaining a better understanding of OCD etiology could lead to better treatments, and potentially to prevention. Animal models are a useful tool for studying neurobiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric phenotypes. Effective use of animal models requires identification of reliable, quantifiable features of the disorder of interest that can be measured across species. The modeled phenotypes then require assessment for predictive validity: the accuracy with which a model makes accurate predictions about the human condition. Once a model has been shown to make accurate predictions, using it to study neurobiological mechanisms is justified. The validity of spontaneous and induced rodent models of OCD is reviewed in this chapter.
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Brusse, Esther, Pascal Laforêt et Ans T. van der Ploeg. Danon Disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0056.
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Danon disease, like Pompe disease, is a muscle disorder caused by a primary defect in lysosomal proteins. Danon disease (OMIM #300257) is an X-linked dominant disorder, with males being more severely affected than female carriers. In males, mean disease onset is in their early teens and in females in their late twenties. Clinical hallmarks are a severe cardiomyopathy, muscle weakness, and mild mental retardation. Retinal, liver, and pulmonary disease may also occur. Milder, sometimes isolated cardiac phenotypes without mental retardation are also described. Regular cardiac evaluation, even in asymptomatic patients, is obligatory.
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Smith-Hicks, C. L., et S. Naidu. Rett Syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0054.
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Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that predominantly affects females but males with RTT have been identified. RTT was first described by an Austrian pediatrician, Andreas Rett. Rett syndrome was mapped to chromosome Xq28 in 1998 and a year later it was determined to be due to mutations in the MeCP2 gene at this locus. Identification of the gene led to the broadening of the clinical phenotype and further characterization into classic and atypical forms of the disease that overlap with Autism spectrum disorders during the period of regression. More than 95% of individuals with classic RTT have mutations in the MeCP2 gene.
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Joseph, Lisa, Sarah Spence et Audrey Thurm. Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorders : Clinical Overview. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199744312.003.0002.
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Autism spectrum disorders (otherwise known as pervasive developmental disorders) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by impairments in reciprocal social interaction and communication, and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. In order to provide a framework for appreciating the advances that basic science and model systems have made to the field, this chapter will outline the behaviorally defining features of the disorder and describe the phenotype of autism. We will present the current diagnostic conceptualization and criteria for autism spectrum disorders, discuss the diagnostic assessment process, explore frequently co-occurring problems in individuals with autism, and introduce various types of treatments that are frequently employed in this population.
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Watson, Louise, et Michael W. Beresford. Paediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0119.
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Paediatric or juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is a rare autoimmune condition, differing from the adult form in terms of severity, organ manifestations, and a less striking female predominance. The diagnosis relies on the adult-derived American College of Rheumatology SLE classification criteria. Genetic, autoantibody, and host immune responses, characteristic of this disease, result in a clinically heterogeneous phenotype. A proportion of paediatric SLE patients will have evidence of a genetic deficiency known to be associated with SLE, such as C1q deficiency, and screening for these is required. A challenging diagnosis to make in the younger age group, the management of JSLE compared to adult-onset SLE requires special consideration towards the significant long-term consequences of the disease and treatment toxicity, combined with an onset during a fundamental time with regards to growth and development. A comprehensive, multidisciplinary team approach to the management of JSLE is essential. With a more severe phenotype and limited comorbidities, patients with JSLE represent an invaluable opportunity for investigating the pathogenesis. To date, clinical trials informing interventions in JSLE are very limited and treatment choices rely on the outcome of adult trials. Patient and family involvement in research to improve outcomes and understanding is essential. New treatments, including biological therapies, are becoming available for clinical use and new treatment combinations have been used to induce and maintain clinical remission.
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Fox, Susan H. Wakeful Unresponsiveness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190607555.003.0029.
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NMDA receptor encephalitis is a member of the growing group of antibody-mediated neurological syndromes that can present acutely to neurological services. In the past, these entities were undoubtedly misdiagnoses as viral encephalitis or schizophrenia. The identification of the NMDA receptor antibody and a stereotypical phenotype has greatly improved the chance of a diagnosis in these patients. Furthermore, there is good evidence for the use of early immunotherapy, which may need to be sustained and increased in resistant cases that may still achieve a full recovery. The presence of an ovarian teratoma must be excluded in young females, although young males and females may also be affected in the absence of an underlying tumor.
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Raheja, Amol, et William T. Couldwell. Endocrine Active Pituitary Tumor. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0015.
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This chapter presents an illustrative case demonstrating the principles of diagnosis and management in endocrine active pituitary tumor. The index case involves a 30-year-old male patient who presented with phenotypic markers of acromegaly. On radiological and endocrinological evaluation, growth hormone–secreting pituitary macroadenoma was identified. The philosophy of decision-making and management paradigm is discussed to demonstrate the pros and cons of medical, radiation, and surgical options. Technical nuances of the surgical procedure and its complication management are stressed. A brief review of literature is included to elaborate on the current evidence, including outcomes for the various management options for such tumors, with special emphasis on multimodality management.
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Guitar, Amanda E., et Rachael A. Carmen. Facebook Frenemies and Selfie-Promotion. Sous la direction de Maryanne L. Fisher. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.013.39.
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Human communication has been largely influenced by the global popularization of social network sites such as Facebook over the past decade. From PCs to mobile phones, humans can now communicate in ways never before experienced during our history on Earth; moreover, sites like Facebook are providing a novel platform for engaging in female intrasexual competition. Through cyberbullying, selfies, and Facebook “stalking,” females are engaging in traditional strategies of intrasexual competition (i.e., self-promotion, rival derogation, mate manipulation, and competitor manipulation) in an evolutionarily novel social environment. This chapter examines what is new about social interactions that take place online and what is an artifact of our evolutionary heritage. Additionally, it argues that the self-promoting material that Facebook users post to the site is indicative of underlying fitness; therefore Facebook postings are an example of a modern-day extended phenotype.
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McKinlay Gardner, R. J., et David J. Amor. Normal Chromosomal Variation. Sous la direction de R. J. McKinlay Gardner et David J. Amor. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199329007.003.0017.
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Knowing what is normal and what is not is becoming a particular challenge in this era of molecular karyotyping. This chapter reviews the normal chromosome variation from classical times, now very well understood. This is followed by a discussion of the complexity and uncertainty that the molecular approach has, in this century, challenged researchers with. In particular, the chapter discusses the concept of the copy number variant (CNV) and how the harmlessness, or not, of a CNV may be assessed. Mention is made of CNVs potentially acting as “second hits,” such that, while nonpathogenic in one setting, they may contribute to an abnormal phenotype in the context of another, independent chromosome abnormality or CNV. The “sliding scale” of interpretation from “known pathogenic” through “known benign” Is noted. The chapter refers to useful databases to which the counselor may have access.
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Mercado, Pilar, Jamey E. Eklund et Jennifer L. Anderson. Charge Syndrome. Sous la direction de Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi et Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0003.
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The major diagnostic features of CHARGE syndrome include coloboma of the eyes, choanal atresia or stenosis, distinctive external ears, cranial nerve abnormalities, and absent or small semicircular canals. The mnemonic refers to coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia of choanae, retardation of growth and development, cenitalia hypoplasia, and ear abnormalities and deafness. There is no defined etiology, though a de novo mutation on the CHD 7 gene located on Chromosome 8 is responsible for more than 50% of CHARGE cases. The incidence of CHARGE is about 1:10,000 live births with an equal distribution between males and females. The anesthetic implications of this syndrome are many and vary with the patient’s phenotype. A potential difficult airway, congenital heart defects, choanal atresia, and cranial nerve abnormalities present the most significant issues for the anesthesiologist. A multidisciplinary team must be established early to properly care for these complex patients.
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Gelernter, Joel. Complex Trait Genetics and Population Genetics in Psychiatry. Sous la direction de Turhan Canli. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199753888.013.016.
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Nearly all behavioral traits, ranging from personality traits such as neuroticism to schizophrenia and autism, are genetically influenced. With only minor exceptions, all are genetically complex—meaning that inheritance is not simply dominant or recessive or sex-linked, but follows more complex patterns indicative of more complex mechanisms. Most risk variants identified to date have only small effects on risk, and, in most cases, many risk variants at many risk loci interact with environmental factors to produce the phenotype. Such complexity has led to great challenges in increasing our knowledge of the inheritance of behavioral traits. Recent methodological advances have provided an improved set of tools that has led to advances in our understanding of the genetic influences on a range of behavioral traits. This chapter examines some of the issues involved that tend to make this a difficult problem and some of the solutions now being employed to approach those problems.
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Ruxton, Graeme D., William L. Allen, Thomas N. Sherratt et Michael P. Speed. Disruptive camouflage. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199688678.003.0003.
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Disruptive camouflage involves using coloration to hinder detection or recognition of an object’s outline, or other conspicuous features of its body. This involves using coloration to create ‘false’ edges that make the ‘true’ interior and exterior edges used by visual predators to find and recognize prey less apparent. Disruptive camouflage can therefore be thought of as a manipulation of the signal-to-noise ratio that depends on features of the perceptual processing of receivers. This chapter discusses the multiple mechanisms via which disruptive camouflage is thought to influence visual processing, from edge detection, through perceptual grouping, and then on to object recognition processing. This receiver-centred approach—rather than a prey-phenotype-centred approach—aims to integrate disruption within the sensory ecology of predator–prey interactions. We then discuss the taxonomic, ecological, and behavioural correlates of disruptive camouflage strategies, work on the relationship between disruption and other forms of protective coloration, and review the development of approaches to quantifying disruption in animals.
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Wyatt, Tristram D. 3. How behaviour develops. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198712152.003.0003.
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Behaviours evolve by natural selection. As genes influence how behaviours develop, selection on behaviour will alter gene frequencies in subsequent generations: genes that lead to successful behaviours in foraging, parental care, or mate choice, for example, will be represented in more individuals in future generations. If conditions change, then mutations of the genes that give rise to advantageous behaviours will be favoured by selection. ‘How behaviour develops’ explains that the environment is equally important: both genes and environment are intimately and interactively involved in behaviour development. Behavioural imprinting is also discussed along with co-opting genes, gene regulation, social influences on brain gene expression, phenotypic plasticity, and play.
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Kirchman, David L. Community structure of microbes in natural environments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0004.
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Community structure refers to the taxonomic types of microbes and their relative abundance in an environment. This chapter focuses on bacteria with a few words about fungi; protists and viruses are discussed in Chapters 9 and 10. Traditional methods for identifying microbes rely on biochemical testing of phenotype observable in the laboratory. Even for cultivated microbes and larger organisms, the traditional, phenotype approach has been replaced by comparing sequences of specific genes, those for 16S rRNA (archaea and bacteria) or 18S rRNA (microbial eukaryotes). Cultivation-independent approaches based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing have revealed that natural microbial communities have a few abundant types and many rare ones. These organisms differ substantially from those that can be grown in the laboratory using cultivation-dependent approaches. The abundant types of microbes found in soils, freshwater lakes, and oceans all differ. Once thought to be confined to extreme habitats, Archaea are now known to occur everywhere, but are particularly abundant in the deep ocean, where they make up as much as 50% of the total microbial abundance. Dispersal of bacteria and other small microbes is thought to be easy, leading to the Bass Becking hypothesis that “everything is everywhere, but the environment selects.” Among several factors known to affect community structure, salinity and temperature are very important, as is pH especially in soils. In addition to bottom-up factors, both top-down factors, grazing and viral lysis, also shape community structure. According to the Kill the Winner hypothesis, viruses select for fast-growing types, allowing slower growing defensive specialists to survive. Cultivation-independent approaches indicate that fungi are more diverse than previously appreciated, but they are less diverse than bacteria, especially in aquatic habitats. The community structure of fungi is affected by many of the same factors shaping bacterial community structure, but the dispersal of fungi is more limited than that of bacteria. The chapter ends with a discussion about the relationship between community structure and biogeochemical processes. The value of community structure information varies with the process and the degree of metabolic redundancy among the community members for the process.
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Zhou, Juan, et William W. Seeley. Brain Circuits. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190233563.003.0007.
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Each neurodegenerative disease is defined by selectively vulnerable neurons, regions, networks, and functions, as well as genetic risk factors. In the past decade, new network-sensitive neuroimaging methods have made it possible to test the notion of network-based degeneration in living humans. This chapter focuses on two common causes of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), but uses these diseases to illustrate class-wide neurodegeneration principles whenever possible. It first introduces two key concepts of neurodegenerative disease selective vulnerability: onset and progression. In parallel, it addresses two distinct but related observations about neurodegenerative disease: clinico-anatomical convergence and phenotypic heterogeneity. It then examines disease onset and models of progression in more detail, based on available neuroimaging evidence. Finally, it touches on the most important frontiers in the field of network-based neurodegeneration.
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Okasha, Samir. Genes and Groups as Agents. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815082.003.0003.
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In some applications of agential thinking in evolutionary biology, genes and groups, rather than individuals, are the entities that are treated as agents with goals. The genes-as-agents concept is applicable only in cases of intra-genomic conflict, where it helps to make sense of the phenotypic consequences of such conflict. The groups-as-agents concept is applicable only when groups are adapted units, and where within-group conflict is either absent or suppressed; for otherwise the unity-of-purpose constraint on agency will not be satisfied. The idea of group agency has also arisen in social science, where the discussion closely parallels the biological discussion. In both cases, the critical issue is how individuals’ interests can be aligned with that of their group. One such alignment mechanism is the veil-of-ignorance, which deprives individuals of the information needed to pursue their self-interest at the group’s expense.
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McNamara, John M., et Olof Leimar. Game Theory in Biology. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815778.001.0001.
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Game theory in biology seeks to predict social behaviour and other traits that influence how individuals interact. It does this by tentatively assuming that current traits are stable endpoints of evolution by natural selection. The theory is used to model aggressive behaviour, cooperation, negotiation, and signalling, as well as phenotypic attributes like an individual’s sex and mating type. This book covers the basic concepts and the traditional examples of biological game theory. It expands the frontiers of the field, emphasizing the importance of the co-evolution of traits and the implications of variation for reputation, markets, negotiation, and other social phenomena. It also highlights that it can be important to embed game interactions in the environment and an individual’s life. A major new direction developed in the book is that game theory can be extended by incorporating behavioural mechanisms, including mechanisms of reinforcement learning. By doing this the theory can successfully describe important phenomena like social dominance in group-living animals that previously have been difficult to model. By focusing on behavioural mechanisms, game theory can also make closer contact with empirical observation and with current research in fields like animal psychology and neuroscience.
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Wajdzik, Marek. Zmienność cech fenotypowych samców sarny europejskiej (Capreolus capreolus L.) na tle gospodarowania jej populacją w północno-zachodniej Małopolsce. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-45-8.
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The objective of the present work was to evaluate the individual quality of male European roe deer by statistical analysis of antler traits, craniometric characters, and age of hunter-harvested bucks. Those measurements enabled a reliable assessment of antler quality, changes in carcass weight with age and between hunting seasons, as well as phenotypic traits depending on habitat (percentage forest cover, geographic mesoregion). The work also aimed to assess the effectiveness of deer population management in the Cracow Region of the Polish Hunting Association and determine the potential of that population based on analysis of medal-quality roebucks harvested there over the past 10 years. The study involved data concerning roe deer in the 60 hunting districts comprising the Cracow Region for the 2008/2009-2017/2018 hunting seasons. The study material consisted of data concerning antlers from 8132 roebucks taken over that decade, such as the age of hunted roebucks, hunting district, hunt date, carcass weight, as well as the gross weight and form of antlers. A detailed evaluation of antler quality was conducted using records for 2874 individuals, including 284 medal-quality antlers, harvested in the 2014/2015-2016/2017 seasons. The trophies were evaluated in accordance with the criteria of the International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation (CIC) and were subjected to craniometric analysis. For a comprehensive examination of roe deer quality in the Cracow Region, the study analyzed gamekeeping data, that is, annual hunting plans of the Polish Hunting Association, for the period 2008/2009-2017/2018. Several gamekeeping indicators were calculated based on those data to evaluate the effects of roe deer management and gamekeeping practices. The studied antler traits (mean beam length, antler weight and volume, CIC scores) as well as carcass weight culminated in 6-year-old individuals. In turn cra-niometric traits (skull length and width) increased significantly until the 4th year of life, while the width of pedicles increased throughout the life of the individual. The development of antlers over time was characterized by a declining rate of growth for all the analyzed parameters. The highest growth rate (more than 100%) was found between the second and third years of life in terms of antler weight and volume, as well as front tine length. Antler quality in terms of overall CIC scores was to the greatest extent affected by weight and volume. The combined contribution of these factors increased with age, and ranged from 63.9% in the youngest individuals to 74.6% in the oldest ones. Within the study area, the individual quality of roe deer varied depending on the forest cover and mesoregion. Roebucks with the lowest carcass and antler weight occurred in hunting districts with a forest cover exceeding 40%, while the highest values of those parameters were found in districts with 5% forest cover or less. In open-land areas, the share of medal-quality roebucks in the total number of harvested males was higher, at approx. 5%, as compared to 1.29% in the woodlands. The carcass and antler weight of roebucks taken in the Cracow Region was higher than that of roebucks harvested in western Poland, similar to the Kielce Region, and lower than that for the Lublin and Krosno Regions, which is in keeping with Bergmann's ecogeographical rule. Analysis of carcass weight throughout the hunting season showed that the most pronounced rutting activity was observed for individuals 6 years of age and older, which lost as much as 6% of their weight. Over the ten-year period of study, the roebucks harvested using a uniform set of selection criteria revealed an increase in mean carcass weight as well as antler weight and form, which indicates appropriate management of the roe deer population in the examined hunting region.