Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « M-L bond »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "M-L bond"
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Chintalacharuvu, K. R., et S. L. Morrison. « Residues critical for H-L disulfide bond formation in human IgA1 and IgA2. » Journal of Immunology 157, no 8 (15 octobre 1996) : 3443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.157.8.3443.
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Abstract There are two subclasses of human IgA, IgA1 and IgA2. IgA2 exists as two known allotypes, IgA2 m(1) and IgA2 m(2) with a recently reported novel IgA2 (IgA2(n)) possibly representing a third allotype. The variants of human IgA differ in their H and L chain disulfide-bonding pattern; in IgA1, IgA2(n), and IgA2 m(2), a disulfide bond connects a cysteine residue in CH1 of the H chain with the L chains while human IgA2 m(1) has been reported to lack a covalent bond between the H and L chains. Here we have used site-directed mutagenesis to demonstrate that Cys133 is essential for the formation of the H-L disulfide bond in IgA1. However, IgA2 m(2) and the IgA2(n) but not IgA2 m(1) form an H-L disulfide in the absence of Cys133. IgA2 m(1) differs from IgA2 m(2) and the IgA2(n) at two positions in CH1; IgA2 m(1) has Pro212 and Pro221 whereas IgA2 m(2) and the IgA2(n) have Ser212 and Arg221. Our studies demonstrate that it is the presence of Pro221 in IgA2 m(1) that interferes with the H-L disulfide in the absence of Cys133. Contrary to what has been previously reported, protein purified from culture supernatants of IgA2 m(1) show some HL, H2L2, and H4L4J, suggesting that IgA2 m(1) can exist either as a form lacking H-L disulfide bonds or as a form with H-L disulfides.
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Calhorda, Maria J., Alberto R. Dias, Adelino M. Galvão et José A. Martinho Simões. « Estimation of stepwise M-L bond dissociation enthalpies in M(η-C5H5)2L2 complexes ». Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 307, no 2 (juin 1986) : 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(86)80471-5.
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Yang, Ming-Chung, et Ming-Der Su. « Theoretical investigations of the reactivity of neutral molecules that feature an MM (M = B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl) double bond ». New Journal of Chemistry 43, no 24 (2019) : 9364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj01294j.
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The geometry, the electronic structure and the reactivity of compounds that feature a central MM (M = group 13 element) double bond with two sterically bulky ligands (L1 = tBu2MeSi and L2 = NHCiPr), L1L2MML1L2 (Rea-MM) are studied at the B3LYP-D3(BJ)/def2-SVP level of theory.
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He, Fen, Xin Yang, Zhi-Yue Tian, Han-Guang Wang et Ying Xue. « Theoretical investigation on the structures and bonding properties of Pd(II), Pt(II) and Ni(II) complexes with tridentate CNC-pincer N-heterocyclic carbene ligands ». Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 15, no 05 (août 2016) : 1650037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633616500371.
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The density functional theory (DFT) has been applied for the analysis of the bond between group 10 metals and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) in complexes (MCl(L-X): M [Formula: see text] Pd(II), Pt(II), and Ni(II), L-X[Formula: see text][2-(3-methylimidazolin-4,5-bisX-2-yliden-1-yl)-4-phenyl] amido, X [Formula: see text]H, Cl and CN). Full geometry optimizations have been performed for all the ligands (L-X[Formula: see text] anions), MCl[Formula: see text] cations, and the complexes. In the ligands, the energy levels of the carbon [Formula: see text] lone-pair orbitals suggest the trend L-H[Formula: see text] L-Cl[Formula: see text] L-CN[Formula: see text] for the donor strength. The role of the M–NHC interaction in complexes was investigated by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. The results show that the NHC–M bond consists of the components originating from the L[Formula: see text]M donation and the M[Formula: see text]Carbene C back-donation and the metal[Formula: see text]the ring of NHC back-donation. The transition-metal strongly affects the donation and back-donation. The interaction between the metal and the NHC ligand can be influenced by the central metal and the substituent on the ring of NHC.
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Delmas, Claude, Marie Guignard et Francois Weill. « (Invited) Overview of the Ordering Phenomena in Li and Na Layered Oxide Electrode Materials ». ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no 1 (9 octobre 2022) : 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02123mtgabs.
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AX(M)O2 layered oxides (A = Li, Na) are considered as the best positive electrode materials either for Li ion and Na ion batteries. In most of the systems, the shape of the voltage curve shows change in slope of the curve which indicate the occurrence of structural transitions due to: (i) electronic configuration modification in the MO2 slab, (ii) change in the slab packing, (iii) alkali ion-vacancy ordering. Moreover, in AX(M,L)O2 materials a M/L ordering can occur within the (M,L)O2 slab for the pristine material. Lithium and sodium tends to be ordered in the deintercalated materials for peculiar compositions. Nevertheless, due to the larger ionic radii of Na+ vs Li+, the repulsive interaction between sodium ions are stronger for sodium, leading to many Na+/vacancy patterns in the interslab space. Moreover, transition element orderings can occur within the (L,M)O2 slab if the difference in size is significant and if the cation ratio corresponds to a specific composition (1/3, ½, 2/3...). Then an interesting behaviour is observed as the sodium/vacancy ordering in the interslab space can be st superimposed to the cation ordering. Another original situation is also observed for cations (d2 or d3) which like to form M-M bonds. In this case, the pattering of short bond and long bond in the MO2 slab is directly related to the Na+/vacancy distribution and to the M3+/M4+ ratio.
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Aguilar, Charles M., et Willian R. Rocha. « The nature of the M–NO bond in [M(Imidazole)(PPIX)(L)]q complexes (M=Fe2+, Ru2+ ; L=NO+, NO and NO− ; PPIX=Protoporphyrin IX) ». Inorganica Chimica Acta 408 (novembre 2013) : 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2013.08.002.
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Altabe, Silvia G., Pablo Aguilar, Gerardo M. Caballero et Diego de Mendoza. « The Bacillus subtilis Acyl Lipid Desaturase Is a Δ5 Desaturase ». Journal of Bacteriology 185, no 10 (15 mai 2003) : 3228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.10.3228-3231.2003.
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ABSTRACT Bacillus subtilis was recently reported to synthesize unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) with a double bond at positions Δ5, Δ7, and Δ9 (M. H. Weber, W. Klein, L. Muller, U. M. Niess, and M. A. Marahiel, Mol. Microbiol. 39:1321-1329, 2001). Since this finding would have considerable importance in the double-bond positional specificity displayed by the B. subtilis acyl lipid desaturase, we have attempted to confirm this observation. We report that the double bond of UFAs synthesized by B. subtilis is located exclusively at the Δ5 position, regardless of the growth temperature and the length chain of the fatty acids.
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Walsh, Eoin F., Vladimir K. Popov, Michael W. George et Martyn Poliakoff. « Photoacoustic Calorimetry at High Pressure : A New Approach to Determination of Bond Strengths. Estimation of the M-L Bond Dissociation Energy of M(CO)5L (M = Cr, Mo ; L = H2, N2) in n-Heptane Solution ». Journal of Physical Chemistry 99, no 31 (août 1995) : 12016–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100031a033.
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Yang, Chao, Yong Luo, Xie Li et Jiaolin Cui. « N-type thermoelectric Ag8SnSe6 with extremely low lattice thermal conductivity by replacing Ag with Cu ». RSC Advances 11, no 6 (2021) : 3732–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra10454j.
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The point defects and the bond energy can be increased by replacing Ag with Cu, which have diverse effects on κL respectively, thus attaining the minimum κL ∼ 0.12 W K−1 m−1 at 645 K.
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Jansson, R. K., S. H. Lecrone et R. Lance. « Management of Lepidopterous Pests on Cabbage, 1991 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, no 1 (1 janvier 1993) : 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.97.
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Abstract ‘Rio Verde’ cabbage seeds were incorporated into a germination mix (Pro-Mix) and direct seeded into a Rockdale soil at the University of Florida’s Tropical Research and Education Center on 19 Dec 1990. The soil was fumigated with Terr-O-Gas (75% methyl bromide, 25% chloropicrin; 246 kg/ha) and covered with white on black plastic mulch on 12 Dec. Plants were spaced 0.3 m apart within rows and 0.76 m apart between rows on 1.8 m-center beds. Fertilizer (1680 kg/ha of granular 6:12:12) was applied and incorporated into the soil on 11 Dec. Goal 2 EC was applied (0.56 kg (AI)/ha) between the beds on 17 Dec for weed control. Plants were irrigated 4 h/day using a turbo T-tape drip irrigation system (model 40) which delivered 5.0 liters of water/m of dripline/h. Twelve insecticide treatments and a control were compared. Treatments were: RH-5922 2F (0.14 kg (AI)/ha) in combination with Triton B-1956 (568 ml/ha); the above in combination with Cutlass WP (1.1 kg/ha) or Phosdrin 4 EC (0.56 kg (AI)/h); RH-5992 OS (0.14 kg (AI)/ha) in combination with Triton B-1956; RH-2485 2F (0.14 kg (AI)/ha) in combination with Triton B-1956; CME 13406 15 SC (0.03 6 kg (AI)/ha) in combination with Bond (2.3 liter/ha); MYX 1111 L (4.7 liter/ha) and MYX 1112 L (7.0 liter/ha) in combination with Bond; CGA 106630 (0.74 kg (AI)/ha) in combination with Bond; Cutlass WP (2.2 kg/ha) in combination with Bond; Javelin WG (1.1 kg ha) in combination with Bond; Phosdrin 4 EC (0.56 kg (AI)/ha) in combination with Cutlass WP (2.2 kg/ha) and Bond; and a nontreated check.
Thèses sur le sujet "M-L bond"
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Hjul, Lauren Martha. « The family in Shakespeare's plays : a study of South African revisions ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001832.
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This thesis provides a detailed consideration of the family in Shakespeare’s canon and the engagement therewith in three South African novels: Hill of Fools (1976) by R. L. Peteni, My Son’s Story (1990) by Nadine Gordimer, and Disgrace (1999) by J. M. Coetzee. The study is divided into an introduction, three chapters each addressing one of the South African novels and its relationship with a Shakespeare text or texts, and a conclusion. The introductory chapter provides an analysis of the two strands of criticism in which the thesis is situated – studies of the family in Shakespeare and studies of appropriations of Shakespeare – and discusses the ways in which these two strands may be combined through a detailed discussion of the presence of power dynamics in the relationship between parent and child in all of the texts considered. The three chapters each contextualise the South African text and provide detailed discussions of the family dynamics within the relevant texts, with particular reference to questions of authority and autonomy. The focus in each chapter is determined by the nature of the intertextual relationship between the South African novel and the Shakespearean text being discussed. Thus, the first chapter, “The Dissolution of Familial Structures in Hill of Fools” considers power dynamics in the family as an inherent part of the Romeo and Juliet genre, of which William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is but a part. Similarly, the impact of a socio-political identity, and the secrecy it necessitates, is the focus of the second chapter, “Fathers, Sons and Legacy in My Son’s Story” as is the role of Shakespeare and literature within South Africa. These concerns are connected to the novel’s use of Shakespeare’s Sonnets, King Lear, and Hamlet. In the third chapter, “Reclaiming Agency through the Daughter in Disgrace and The Tempest”, I expand on Laurence Wright’s argument that Disgrace is an engagement with The Tempest and consider ways in which the altered power dynamic between father and daughter results in the reconciliation of the father figure with society. The thesis thus addresses the tension between parental bonds and parental bondage
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Bondì, Luca, Sally Brooker, Federico Totti et Anna Garden. « Towards Predictable Tuning of Spin Crossover ». Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1239476.
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Spin crossover (SCO) active metal complexes are highly versatile materials thanks to their sensitivity to tiny physical or chemical environmental changes. This property makes them very useful for a wide range of applications: employable for experimental studies as molecular switches or for theoretical studies investigating the M-L bonds. In both cases, these studies aim to develop strategies of predictably tuning them.
Chapter One. An introduction to the SCO phenomenon: from gradual to cooperative SCO; various methods of monitoring the SCO transition. A summary of some literature examples of SCO-active systems is given. An overview of the published achievements in predicting the SCO phenomenon, including an introduction to the computational models deployed across the years. The EDA-NOCV model, employed in this field for the first time in this PhD thesis, is introduced. Finally, the aims of this study are presented.
Chapter Two. The synthesis and characterisation of four new non-symmetrical ligands, 3-(2-(5-Z-pyridyl))-4-tolyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole (LpytZ, Z = CF3, Br, F, Me), and the corresponding [FeII(LpytZ)2(NCBH3)2] complexes are presented. All four of these new complexes are SCO-active in the solid state and in CDCl3 solution, but T1/2 tuning by the meta-Z substituents was very modest. Three literature families were also tested, successfully extending the generality of using the 15N NMR chemical shift δNA of the coordinated nitrogen atom of the free ligand as measure of the T1/2 in the resulting Fe(II) complex.
Chapter Three. Theoretical study of a family of five iron(II) SCO-active [Fe(Lazine)2(NCBH3)2] (Lazine = 3-(2-azinyl)-4-tolyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole) and of the related five LS [Fe(Lazine)3(BF4)2]. The EDA-NOCV model was applied to molecular fragments to provide quantitative assessment of the σ- and π-bonding. A new corrected [Mn+ + L6] fragmentation was implemented which promises to enable a general approach suitable for any ML6 system. Finally, the σ- and π-bonding character is strongly correlated with the experimental T1/2 of the SCO-active [Fe(Lazine)2(NCBH3)2] complexes.
Chapter Four. Theoretical study of the M-L bond in a family of sixteen SCO-active differently para-X substituted [Fe(bppX)2]2+ complexes (bppX is 2,6-di(pyrazol-1-yl)-4-X-pyridine). Results of the EDA-NOCV revealed the σ-strength of the bppX ligand is correlated with σp+(X), δNA(bppX), experimental T1/2([Fe(bppX)2]2+) and calculated AILFT ΔO([Fe(bppX)2]2+). Results are explained at the molecular level by investigating the orbital population of the valence orbitals of the coordinating nitrogen involved in the aromatic π-system (pπ) and in the Fe-N bond (sp2(Fe)). From the observed correlations, the unknown σp+ parameter for two substituents (X = SOMe, SO2Me) is predicted.
Chapter Five. First theoretical study on [CoII(dpzca)2] SCO in the solid state, aiming to establish a computational protocol able to predict experimental T1/2 in pressure-activated SCO. The first part of the study validated a DFT protocol at p = 1 bar. The protocol was then extended and trialled up to 4300 bar. Results revealed good reproduction of the experimental results up to 2100 bar; but beyond this pressure, the theoretical and experimental findings diverge. Theoretical data suggest a possible phase change for the crystalline structure of HS [CoII(dpzca)2] at higher pressures than 2100 bar; this would explain why the implemented computational protocol lost validity.
Livres sur le sujet "M-L bond"
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Absolute Guide to a Healthy Bone Broth Diet Cookbook : A Simplified Guide to А ; Hіghlу ; Nutrіtіоuѕ ; Ѕtосk Thаt Саn Bе ; Mаdе ; Bу ; Ѕіmmеrіng Аnіmаl Bоnеѕ ; Аnd Соnnесtіvе ; Tіѕѕuе ;. Independently Published, 2022.
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Wendy, Alice. Best Bone BrОth DІЕt СООkbООk : Bоnе ; Brоth Recipes Tо ; Boost Hеаlth, Prоmоtе ; Weight lоѕѕ, Lose Bеllу ; Fat, Heal Gut, Enjоу ; Lighter and yоungеr You, Slow Aging, Prevent Wrinkles. Independently Published, 2022.
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Kumar, Arun, Binay Kumar Agarwal, Rajesh Kumar, Sanjay J. Jambhulkar, Varsha Rani et Zille Ali Haider. « Induction of variability for yield components in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & ; Coss) under acidic soil regime of Jharkhand. » Dans Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 258–68. Wallingford : CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0026.
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Abstract Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is the most important oilseed crop of the state of Jharkhand in India, where 78% of the cultivable soil is acidic, causing a sizeable yield reduction. Potential seed yield from such soils cannot be realized within existing varieties and therefore a mutation breeding approach has been followed to isolate mutants tolerant to acidic soil. Three doses of gamma-rays (900 Gy, 1000 Gy and 1100 Gy) and a combined treatment of gamma irradiation and 0.3% EMS were used for induction of mutation in the varieties 'Shivani' and 'Pusa Bold'. A total of 139,720 M2 plants (75,760 of 'Shivani' and 63,960 of 'Pusa Bold') were screened under acidic soil conditions (pH 4.8). A wide spectrum of variability for tolerance to soil acidity, earliness, seed colour, seed yield and yield components, and morphological traits was observed in the M2 generation. True-breeding mutants for different traits were confirmed in the M3 generation. Mutations were recorded in 'Shivani' and 'Pusa Bold', respectively, for secondary branch number (38 and 24), siliquae per plant (1223 and 562) and single plant seed yield (45.49 g and 34.84 g). In addition, a large spectrum of variability for morphological characters was identified.
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Farchaus, J. W., H. Gruenberg, K. A. Gray, J. Wachtveitl, B. DeHoff, S. Kaplan et D. Oesterhelt. « The puf B,A,L,M Genes are Not Sufficient to Restore the Photosynthetic Plus Phenotype to a puf L,M,X Deletion Strain ». Dans Molecular Biology of Membrane-Bound Complexes in Phototrophic Bacteria, 65–76. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0893-6_10.
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Chi, Yun, Sue-Lein Wang et Shie-Ming Peng. « Facile Exchange of Terminal, Doubly Bridging, and Quadruply Bridging Carbonyl Ligands in Solution : Crystal Structure and Solution Dynamics of LWM3(CO)12H, L=C5H5, C5Me5 and M=Os, Ru ». Dans Metal-Metal Bonds and Clusters in Chemistry and Catalysis, 312–13. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2492-6_23.
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Li, Jie Jack, Chris Limberakis et Derek A. Pflum. « Carbon−Carbon Bond Formation ». Dans Modern Organic Synthesis in the Laboratory. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195187984.003.0011.
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Reviews: (a) Vicarion, J. L.; Badia, D.; Carillo, L.; Reyes, E.; Etxebarria, J. Curr. Org. Chem. 2005, 9, 219-235. (b) Mahrwald, R. Ed. In Modern Aldol Reactions; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2004; Vol. 1., pp. 1-335 (c) Mahrwald, R. Ed. In Modern Aldol Reactions; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2004; Vol. 2., pp. 1-345.(d) Machajewski, T. D.; Wong, C.-H. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 1352-1375. (e) Carriera, E. M. In Modern Carbonyl Chemistry; Otera, J.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2000; Chapter 8: Aldol Reaction: Methodology and Stereochemistry, 227-248. (f) Paterson, I.; Cowden, C. J.; Wallace, D. J. In Modern Carbonyl Chemistry; Otera, J.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2000; Chapter 9: Stereoselective Aldol Reactions in the Synthesis of Polyketide Natural Products, pp. 249-298. (g) Franklin, A. S.; Paterson, I. Contemp. Org. Synth. 1994, 1 317-338. (h) Heathcock, C. H. In Asymmetric Synthesis; Morrison, J. D., Ed.; Academic Press: Orlando, Fl.; 1984; Vol. 3., Chapter 2: The Aldol Addition Reaction, pp. 111-212. (i) Mukaiyama, T. Org. React. 1982, 28, 203-331. Since the early 1980s, aldol condensations involving boron enolates have gain great importance in asymmetric synthesis, particularly the synthesis of natural products with adjacent stereogenic centers bearing hydroxyl and methyl groups. (Z)-Boron enolates tend to give a high diastereoslectivity preference for the syn-stereochemistry while (E)-boron enolates favor the anti-stereochemistry. Because the B-O and B-C bonds are shorter than other metals with oxygen and carbon, the six membered Zimmerman–Traxler transition state in the aldol condensation tends to be more compact which accentuates steric interactions, thus leading to higher diastereoselectivity. When this feature is coupled with a boron enolate bearing a chiral auxillary, high enantioselectivity is achieved. Boron enolates are generated from a ketone and boron triflate in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine. Reviews: (a) Abiko, A. Acc. Chem. Res. 2004, 37, 387-395. (b) Cowden, C. J. Org. React. 1997, 51, 1-200.
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Taber, Douglass F. « New Methods for C-C Bond Construction ». Dans Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0023.
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Luigino Troisi of the University of Salento found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 371) that a variety of primary and secondary amines could be coupled with a benzylic halide 1 under carbonylating conditions. Ilhyong Ryu of Osaka Prefecture University showed (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 1548) that under reducing conditions, an iodide 3 coupled with CO to give the primary alcohol. Felicia A. Etzkorn of Virginia Tech observed (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 696) that under Hg hydrolysis conditions, the orthothioester derived from 5 coupled with 6 to give 7. Yasuharu Yoshimi of the University of Fukui and Minoru Hatanaka of Iwate Medical University devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2332) conditions for the decarboxylative addition of the acid 8 to 9 to give 10. Yong-Min Liang and Xiaojun Yao of Lanzhou University and Chao-Jun Li of McGill University described (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 783) a related procedure with α-amino acids. Yasutaka Ishii of Kansai University established (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 2536) that t -butyl acetate 12 was an effective partner for the Ir-mediated oxidation-coupling-reduction of an alcohol 11. He used (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 1803) a similar protocol to condense acetone with the diol 14, to give the long-chain diketone 16. The formation of allylic Grignard reagents can be inefficient because the excess reactive halide tends to couple with the Grignard reagent as it forms. Brandon L. Ashfeld of the University of Notre Dame found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2427) a simple solution to this problem: inclusion of a catalytic amount of the inexpensive Cp2 TiCl2 to mediate the addition of 18 to 17. Brian T. Connell of Texas A&M University demonstrated (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 7826) that with Mn, 21 could be added to 20. The acetate 21 is thus an easily prepared homoenolate equivalent. Note that although 21 is an E/Z mixture, the product 22 is cleanly Z. Gérard Cahiez of the Université de Paris 13 reported (Synlett 2010, 299) a detailed study of the Cu-catalyzed coupling of 24 with 23. Without supporting ligands, slow addition (syringe pump, 1 h) of 24 to 23 assured clean formation of 25. Manual slow addition (dropping funnel, 15 min) was not effective.
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« M-L Multiple Bonds ». Dans The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals, 290–316. Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118788301.ch11.
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« Depressive disorders : Helen Z. Reinherz, Jennifer L. Tanner, Angela D. Paradis, William R. Beardslee, Eva M. Szigethy, and Abigail E. Bond ». Dans Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 123–49. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203929629-10.
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Lambert, Tristan H. « Synthesis and Reactions of Alkenes ». Dans Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0032.
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Christine L. Willis and Varinder K. Aggarwal at the University of Bristol have developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 12444) a procedure for the diastereodivergent synthesis of trisubstituted alkenes via the protodeboronation of allylic boronates, such as in the conversion of 1 to either 2 or 3. An alternative approach to the stereoselective synthesis of trisubstituted alkenes involving the reduction of the allylic C–O bond of cyclic allylic ethers (e.g., 4 to 5) was reported (Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 7844) by Jon T. Njardarson at the University of Arizona. A novel synthesis of allylamines was developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 20613) by Hanmin Huang at the Chinese Academy of Sciences with the Pd(II)-catalyzed vinylation of styrenes with aminals (e.g. 6 + 7 to 8). Eun Jin Cho at Hanyang University showed (J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 11383) that alkenes such as 9 could be trifluoromethylated with iodotrifluoromethane under visible light photoredox catalysis. David A. Nicewicz at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 18577) a photoredox procedure for the anti-Markovnikov hydroetherification of alkenols such as 11, using the acridinium salt 12 in the presence of phenylmalononitrile (13). A unique example of “catalysis through temporary intramolecularity” was reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 16571) by André M. Beauchemin at the University of Ottawa with the formaldehyde-catalyzed Cope-type hydroamination of allyl amine 15 to produce the diamine 16. A free radical hydrofluorination of unactivated alkenes, including those bearing complex functionality such as 17, was developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 13588) by Dale L. Boger at Scripps, La Jolla. Jennifer M. Schomaker at the University of Wisconsin at Madison reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 16131) the copper-catalyzed conversion of bromostyrene 19 to 20 in what was termed an activating group recycling strategy. A rhodium complex 23 that incorporates a new chiral cyclopentadienyl ligand was developed (Science 2012, 338, 504) by Nicolai Cramer at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne and was shown to promote the enantioselective merger of hydroxamic acid derivative 21 and styrene 22 to produce 24.
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Taber, Douglass. « Functionalization of C-H Bonds : The Baran Synthesis of Dihydroxyeudesmane ». Dans Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199764549.003.0016.
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Arumugam Sudalai of the National Chemical Laboratory, Pune reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 6401) a procedure for hydrocarbon iodination. With straight chain hydrocarbons, only secondary iodination was observed. Chao-Jun Li of McGill University uncovered (Adv. Synth. Cat. 2009, 351, 353) a procedure for direct hydrocarbon amination, converting cyclohexane 1 into the amine 3. Justin Du Bois of Stanford University established (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 4513) a procedure for alkane hydroxylation, converting 4 selectively into the alcohol 6. The oxirane 8 usually also preferentially ozidizes methines, hydroxylating steroids at the C-14 position. Ruggero Curci of the University of Bari found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 5614) that the substrate 7 showed some C-14 hydroxylation, but also a useful yield of the ketone 9. The authors suggested that the C-7 acetoxy group may be deactivating the C-14 C-H. C-H bonds can also be converted directly to carbon-carbon bonds. Mark E. Wood of the University of Exeter found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 3400) that free-radical removal of iodine from 10 followed by intramolecular H-atom abstraction in the presence of the trapping agent 11 delivered 12 with good diastereo control. Professor Li observed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 6278) that under Ru catalysis, hydrocarbons such as 13 could be directly arylated. He also established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 5601) conditions for the direct aminoalkylation of hydrocarbons such as 13, to give 17. Huw M. L. Davies of Emory University converted (Synlett 2009, 151) the ester 4 to the homologated diester 19 in preparatively useful yield using the diazo ester 18, the precursor to a selective, push-pull stabilized carbene. Intramolecular bond formation to an unactivated C-H can be even more selective. Guoshen Liu of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry developed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 2707) an oxidative Pd system that cyclized 20 to the seven-membered ring lactam 21 . Professor Du Bois devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008 , 130, 9220) a Rh catalyst that effected allylic amination of 22, to give 23 with substantial enantiocontrol. Dalibor Sames of Columbia University designed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 402) a remarkable cascade approach to C-H functionalization. Exposure of 24 to Lewis acid led to intramolecular hydride abstraction. Cyclization of the resulting stabilized carbocation delivered the tetrahydropyan 25 with remarkable diastereocontrol.
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Griffin, Jasper. « Look your last on lyric : Horace, Odes 4.15 ». Dans Classics in Progress. British Academy, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263235.003.0013.
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Quintus Horatius Flaccus brought his first three books of Odes before the public in 23 bc. They came with impressive sponsors, addressed to Maecenas, the second to the Princeps himself, the fourth to L. Sestius and M. Agrippa. Horace did not repeat, in books 1 to 3, the bold stroke of directly addressing the Princeps; that was reserved for book 4, odes 5 and 15. This chapter describes his relation to Augustus, and the relation of his poetry to the imperial propaganda. What is called ‘Augustan poetry’ is so intimately connected with the estimate of the crucial event in Roman history, the change from Republic to Empire, that both historians and literary scholars find the question fascinating.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "M-L bond"
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Wu, Leyi, Jing Luo et Huihui Guo. « An interactive design solution for prenatal emotional nursing of pregnant women ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001973.
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With the continuous development of interactive technology, informatization has begun to integrate into people's life[1].Having been neglected in history, postpartum depression reminds us that we need to pay attention to maternal emotional needs and prenatal care[2]. In the current situation, it is worth researching the interactive products for prenatal emotional care. According to the survey, it is not difficult to find that some speech emotion and facial expression recognition technologies in artificial intelligence are developing Which have large potential for extensive use.[3,4]. Therefore, it is necessary and feasible to design prenatal emotional diagnosis tools for pregnant women. This study has designed a product to care for pregnant women by identifying their emotional needs through AI recognition technologies. Appropriate prenatal intervention is conducive to the prevention of postpartum depression[5,6] . The use of artificial intelligence recognition technology can provide an appropriate emotional care plan. This can reduce the difficulty of training medical personnel and the difficulty of relatives caring for pregnant women. Therefore, the risk of postpartum depression can be reduced. QUESTIONCollecting opinions and information from previous studies is an important reference for this study. Therefore, this study needs to solve the following problems.1) How to design an artificial intelligence product that can accurately diagnose the emotion of pregnant women?2) How to integrate AI facial emotion recognition technology?3) How to help nurses and their families take care of users more professionally and easily through the information database?4) How to adapt the emotional care program provided by interactive products to different pregnant women? Methods:the research methods of this study are as follows:1) Observing the working process of artificial midwives and psychologists to find Which part can be assisted by machines[7].2) To understand the emotional needs of pregnant women through interview.3) To brainstorm according to the real data collected before and research findings, and then design interactive products that can practically solve the emotional care problems of pregnant women.4) Through the experiment of AI emotion recognition technologies, the feasibility of emotion recognition is verified. CONCLUSIONS:With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, more and more artificial intelligence products have entered our life [1]. This study is aimed to help pregnant women prevent prenatal and postpartum depression and maintain their health through artificial intelligence interaction technologies. This study is exploring the solution under the help of artificial intelligence after studying the problem that prenatal and postpartum emotion are neglected. This design is still in the conceptual design stage, but it seems only a matter of time before this design is applied in the future[8]. REFERENCES:[1]. Lee H S , Lee J . Applying Artificial Intelligence in Physical Education and Future Perspectives. 2021.[2]. Beck C T . Postpartum depression: it isn't just the blues.[J]. American Journal of Nursing, 2006, 106(5):40-50.[3].Ramakrishnan S , Emary I M M E . Speech emotion recognition approaches in human computer interaction[J]. Telecommunication Systems, 2013, 52(3):OnLine-First.[4]. Samara A , Galway L , Bond R , et al. Affective state detection via facial expression analysis within a human–computer interaction context[J]. Journal of Ambient Intelligence & Humanized Computing, 2017.[5]. Clatworthy J . The effectiveness of antenatal interventions to prevent postnatal depression in high-risk women[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2012, 137(1-3):25-34.[6]. Ju C H , Hye K J , Jae L J . Antenatal Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Prevention of Postpartum Depression: A Pilot Study[J]. Yonsei Medical Journal, 2008, 49(4):553-.[7]. Fletcher A , Murphy M , Leahy-Warren P . Midwives' experiences of caring for women's emotional and mental well-being during pregnancy[J]. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2021.[8]. Jin X , Liu C , Xu T , et al. Artificial intelligence biosensors: Challenges and prospects[J]. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2020, 165:112412.
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Fu, Hua, Ming-Wei Wu et Pooi-Yuen Kam. « Lower Bound on Averages of the Product of L Gaussian Q-Functions over Nakagami-m Fading ». Dans 2013 IEEE 77th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2013.6692623.
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Schleuning, W. D. « THE BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY OF SINGLE CHAIN UROKINASE TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR ». Dans XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642956.
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Urokinase was discovered in the late nineteenth century, as an enzymatic principle in urine, that initiates the dissolution of blood clots. The basis of this phenomenon was recognized more than fifty years ago as the activation of plasminogen, the precursor of a tryptic protease, then known as profibrinolysin. Despite this long history, detailed data on the biochemistry of plasminogen activation have only become available recently. Urokinase (now designated urokinase-type plasminogen activator : u-PA) is synthesized and secreted as a single chain polypeptide (Mr-: 53,000) by many cell types. Single chain u-PA (scu-PA) is with equal justification called prourokinase (pro-u-PA), notwithstanding its low catalytic activity for synthetic peptide substrates and plasminogen, as most proenzymes of proteases display a certain degree of activity. The structure of pro-u-PA has been elucidated by protein and cDNA sequencing. It consists of three domains, exhibiting characteristic homology to other proteins: a serine protease domain, homologous to trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase; a kringle domain, likewise found in prothrombin, plasminogen, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and Factor XII; and an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain, found in many other proteins, including certain clotting factors. Pro-u-PA is activated by the cleavage of its LYS158-Ile159 h1 bY either plasmin or kallikrein. This cleavage leads to a high increase of Kcat values with respect to both plasminogen and synthetic peptide substrates, but apparently to a reduction of its affinity to plasminogen. Thrartoin inactivates pro-u-PA irreversibly by the cleavage of the Arg156-Phe157 bond. U-PA but not pro-u-PA rapidly forms ccnplexes with plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI)-l and PAI-2: second order rate constants Kass are respectively > 107 and 0.9xl06 (M-11sec-1). Unknown enzymes process pro-u-PA and u-PA to low molecular weight (LMW) pro-u-PA and LMW u-PA (Mr: 33,000) by cutting off a fragment consisting of the kr ingle and the EGF—like region. Pro—u—PA mediated plasminogen activation is fibrin dependent in vivo, and to a certain degree in vitro. Hie biochemical basis of this fibrin specificity is at present uncertain, although there are reports indicating that it may require polyvalent cations. Through its EGF-like region HMW pro-u-PA and HMW u-PA are capable of binding to specific membrane protein receptors which are found on many cells. Thus, u-PA activity may be restricted to the cell surface. According to a recent report, binding of u—PA to the receptor may also mediate signal transduction in auto- or paracrine growth control. In cells permissive for the respective pathways, pro-u-PA gene transcription is stimulated by mechanisms of signal transduction, that include the cAMP, the tyrosine specific kinase and the protein kinase C dependent pathways. Glucocorticoid hormones downregulate pro-u-PA gene transcription in cells where the gene is canstitutively expressed. Although different cells vary greatly in their response to agents that stimulate urokinase biosynthesis, growth factors and other mitogens are in many cases effective inducers. Significantly elevated levels of u-PA are also found in many malignant tissues. These findings and many others suggest that plasminogen activation by u-PA provides localized extracellular matrix degradation which is required for invasive growth, cell migration and other forms of tissue remodelling. Fibrin represents in this view only a variant of an extracellular matrix, which is provided through the clotting system in the case of an emergency.
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Bratić, Diana, et Nikolina Stanić Loknar. « AI driven OCR : Resolving handwritten fonts recognizability problems ». Dans 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p82.
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Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten, or printed text into machine-encoded text. Advanced systems are capable to produce a high degree of recognition accuracy for most technic fonts, but when it comes to handwritten forms there is a problem occur in recognizing certain characters and limitations with conventional OCR processes persist. It is most pronounced in ascenders (k, b, l, d, h, t) and descenders (g, j, p, q, y). If the characters are linked by ligatures, the ascending and descending strokes are even less recognizable to the scanners. In order to reduce the likelihood of a recognition error, it is a necessary to create a large database of stored characters and their glyphs. Feature extraction decomposes glyphs into features like lines, closed loops, line direction, and line intersections. A Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) neural network based on Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) algorithm as a method of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been used in text identification, classification and recognition using various methods: image pattern based, text-based, mark-based etc. Also, the application of AI generates of a large database of different letter cuts, and modifications, and variation of the same letter character structure. For this purpose, the recognizability test of handwritten fonts was performed. Within main group, subgroups of independent letter characters and letter characters linked by ligatures are created, and reading errors were observed. In each subgroup, four different font families (bold stroke, alternating stroke, monoline stroke, and brush stroke) were tested. In subgroup of independent letter characters, errors were observed in similar rounded lines such as the characters a, and e. In the subgroup of letter characters linked by ligatures, errors were also observed in similar rounded lines such as the letter characters a and e, m and n, but also in ascenders b and l, and descenders g and q. Furthermore, seven letter cuts were made from each basic test letters, and up to are thin, ultra-light, light, regular, semi-bold, bold, and ultra-bold, and stored in the existing EMNIST database. The scanning test was repeated, and recently obtained results showed a decrease in the deviation rate, i.e. higher accuracy. Reducing the number of deviations shows that the neural network gives acceptable answers but requires creation of a larger database within about 56,000 different characters.
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Nehme, Thaina Menegheti, Arthur Arnoni Occiutto, Andressa Alice Paulino De Góis, Geraldo Alves Da Silva et Sandro Barbosa. « BIOENSAIOS DE LACTUCA SATIVA L SOB INFLUÊNCIA DE EXTRATOS DE MABEA FISTULIFERA MART. » Dans II Congresso Brasileiro de Biotecnologia On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/conbiotec/33.
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Introdução: Espécie pertencente ao gênero Mabea, a Mabea fistulifera Mart. é uma planta bastante difundida e amplamente explorada na medicina popular, destacando-se por ser uma espécie muito promissora como fonte de produtos naturais. Diferentes relatos apontam que a mesma detêm substâncias bioativas referentes a metabólitos secundários que conferem potencial ação alelopática. Contudo, ainda há poucas informações para o possível uso dessa espécie como fonte de aleloquímicos para produção de bioherbicidas. Objetivo: Neste contexto, este trabalho tem como pretenção analisar os efeitos dessa possível atividade de Mabea fistulifera Mart em bioensaios de Lactuca sativa. Material e métodos: Ensaios de fitotoxicidade utilizando extratos aquosos e hidroetanólicos obtidos de folhas M. fistulifera foram conduzidos em placas de Petri (90x60cm), contendo 30 sementes de L. sativa cv. Babá de verão, a qual foi utilizada como planta alvo. Foram utilizadas duas folhas de papel filtro umedecidas com 3 mL de solução, nas concentrações 5, 10, 20, 40 mg.mL-1 e água destilada como controle negativo, para cada extrato. As placas foram mantidas em câmara de germinação do tipo BOD, a 24°C, com fotoperíodo de 12 horas. A germinação foi avaliada 24, 96 e 168h após o estabelecimento do experimento juntamente com o índice de velocidade de germinação. No sétimo dia foram avaliados os parâmetros de crescimento inicial: número de plantas normais, alongamento de raiz, comprimento de parte aérea. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com dois extratos e quatro repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) a 5% de significância. Resultados: Tanto extratos aquosos quanto hidroetanólicos mostraram efeito inibitório sobre os parâmetros de germinação e crescimento inicial de L. sativa, sendo concentração dependente. Conclusão: Apontando que independentemente do modo de extração, folhas de M. fistulifera contém compostos que podem vir a ser aleloquímicos candidatos a formulação de bioherbicidas, uma vez que as concentrações testadas apresentaram efeito significativo sobre o bioteste.
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Ajlouni, Abdul-Wali M. S. « Deep Atomic Binding (DAB) Hypothesis : A New Approach of Fission Product Chemistry ». Dans 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89054.
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Former studies assumed that, after fission process occurs, the highly ionized new born atoms (20–22 positive charge), ionize the media in which they pass through before becoming stable atoms in a manner similar to 4-MeV-particles. Via ordinary chemical reactions with the surroundings, each stable atom has a probability to form chemical compound. Since there are about 35 different elemental atoms created through fission processes, a large number of chemical species were suggested to be formed. But, these suggested chemical species were not found in the environment after actual releases of FP during accidents like TMI (USA, 1979), and Chernobyl (former USSR, 1986), also the models based on these suggested reactions and species could not interpret the behavior of these actual species. It is assumed here that the ionization states of the new born atoms and the long term high temperature were not dealt with in an appropriate way and they were the reasons of former models failure. Our new approach of DEEP ATOMIC BINDING (DAB) based on the following: 1. The new born atoms which are highly ionized, 10–12 electrons associated with each nucleus, having a large probability to create bonds between them to form molecules. These bonds are at the L, or M shells, and we call it DAB. 2. The molecules stay in the reactor at high temperatures for long periods, so they undergo many stages of composition and decomposition to form giant molecules. By applying DAB approach, field data from Chernobyl, TMI and nuclear detonations could be interpreted with a wide coincidence resulted.
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Frehlich, Rod, Stephen M. Hannon et Sammy W. Henderson. « Coherent Doppler Lidar Performance in the Weak Signal Regime ». Dans Coherent Laser Radar. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/clr.1995.wa3.
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Coherent Doppler lidar has become a mature method of remote measurements of wind fields[l, 2, 3]. The development of the eyesafe 2µm coherent Doppler lidar has permitted regular observations of boundary layer winds. Coherent Doppler lidar permits measurements of the radial component of the velocity v as a function of range for every transmitted pulse. As the target range increases, the signal level decreases until the quality of the estimates degrade due to many random outliers. The quality of the velocity estimates can be improved by accumulating the signal from many consecutive pulses[4, 5, 6] provided the wind field is not changing over the accumulation time. Rye and Hardesty investigated the effects of pulse accumulation by comparing the standard deviation of the velocity estimates to Levin’s approximation to the Cramer Rao Bound (CRB), the theoretical best performance. It has been shown that Levin’s approximation to the exact CRB is a good approximation[7]. For very weak signals, the pulse accumulation is insufficient and the standard deviation is dominated by the random outliers. As the number of accumulated pulses increases, the random outliers decrease and the standard deviation approaches the CRB. Rye and Hardesty defined n CR as the number of accumulated pulses that were required to first approach the CRB. An approximate expression for n CR was produced, i.e., n CR M = 64/SNR3/4 where M is the number of complex data points per estimate and SNR is the wide band Signal to Noise Ratio for one shot.
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Clukey, Edward C., Charles P. Aubeny et J. Don Murff. « Comparison of Analytical and Centrifuge Model Tests for Suction Caissons Subjected to Combined Loads ». Dans ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37503.
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The holding capacity of suction caissons increases significantly when the mooring line is attached below the mudline. In addition to the position of the attachment point, the soil profile, caisson geometry and the loading angle at the attachment point (padeye) will also influence the holding capacity. Various combinations of these parameters will control the failure mechanism that determines the holding capacity. The failure capacity can be dominated by the vertical or horizontal failure mechanisms — or a combination of the two. When the combination controls, the caisson response is referred to as being in the ‘interaction’ region’. If the suction caisson response is in the interaction region, methods of analyses required to predict the ultimate holding capacity are more complex than for pure vertical or horizontal failure mechanisms. This paper considers the response of suction caissons for all three failure mechanisms. The various failure mechanisms were primarily investigated through comparisons of an upper bound plasticity model and centrifuge model tests. Finite element results were also obtained and compared to the plasticity model solutions. The general foundation conditions investigated are considered fairly typical of suction caissons currently being used to anchor deepwater facilities in normally consolidated soils. The caisson scaled diameters investigated were slightly less than 5.36 m. with embedment (L) to diameter (D) ratios (L/D) slightly less than 5 for comparisons between the plasticity and centrifuge models. Comparisons were made between the finite element and plasticity models for an L/D ratio of 6. The padeye attachment point was about 2L/3 below the mudline for the plasticity and centrifuge comparisons and 0 (mudline) and L/2 for the finite element and plasticity model comparisons. The finite element estimates were slightly less than the plasticity model estimates (3 to 9%) with the largest differences in the interaction region. Both the plasticity and centrifuge models indicated that the transition from a vertical mechanism to an interaction failure mechanism occurs at a load angle of 40 to 45° from the horizontal. In the interaction region the centrifuge results were generally less than the plasticity model predictions. Centrifuge tests with a bevel at the caisson tip were inconclusive in terms of establishing the effectiveness of the bevel for displacing more soil to the outside of the caisson and thereby increasing the external skin friction.
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Pidard, D., A. Fischer, C. Bouillot, F. Ledeist et A. T. Nurden. « INHERITED DEFICIENCIESCAN AFFECT SEPARATELY THE PLATELET MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN Ilb-IIIa COMPLEX AND THE LEUKOCYTE LFA-1, Mac-1 and pl50,95 COMPLEXES ». Dans XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643704.
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The human platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa complex and a family of functional leukocyte cell membrane antigens, LFA-1 (L), Mac-1 (M) andpl50,95 (X), possess knownstructural analogies. Similaritiesinclude a heterodimeric structure with a high mol. wt. αsubunit (Mr∽ 145-180 kDa) , associated nonconvalently with a lower mol. wt.β-subunit (Mr ∽ 90-95 kDa),anda partial amino acid sequence hommology between GP lib and αL or CKM. Furthermore, GP lib, α L and αM were reported to be co-expressed in murine cells transfected with a 20 kilobase human DNA fragment.To address the question of a possible genomic linkage between these related glycoproteins of different cells, we have examined patients with either ‘LFA-1 immunodeficiency disease’ or with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT). S.Bo. and P.Ce. are children affected by recurrent bacterial infections since birth. Cytofluorimetric analysis using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for the αL, αM,αX and β subunits demonstrated that the surface expression of LFA-1, Mac-1 and pl50,95 intheir leukocytes was ≤1% of the normal values. Platelets from both patients aggregated normally and readily bound the MAbs AP-2 (anti-GP IIb-IIIa) or Tab (anti-GP IIb). Crossed immunoelectrophoresis confirmed the presenceof GP IIb-IIIa complexes, whileSDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a normal migration of GP IIb and GP IIIa. Patients C. Bl. and M.Ca.are typical of the type I subgroupofGT. Their platelets are unable toaggregate and contain < 1% of the normal platelet content of GP liband GP Ilia.Cytofluoro-graphy showed a normal expression of LFA-1, Mac-1 and 150,95 on the surface of lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear cells and/or monocytes of both patients. Our data thus show that despite sequence homologies and a potential genomic linkage, the cellular expression of the platelet GP IIb-IIIa complex and of the LFA-1 related leukocyte antigens may be dissociated in genetic disorders where anabnormal glycoprotein distribution may be restricted to one type of cell.
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Sosa Espinosa, Asenet, Ana Portalés Mañanós, David Urios Mondéjar et Juan Colomer Alcácer. « Citizen Participation Plan for València Parcs de Barri ». Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6011.
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The multifunctional role of neighbourhoodscale parks is vital within the urban system. They are not neutral spaces in terms of the functions attributed to them by the social collectivity. This causes them to be analyzed, evaluated and projected in interdependence with the physical and social environment where they are located or can be located. València parcs de barri is a web platform that arises from a teaching project developed by the Teaching and Research Group TUR (urban planning workshop), within the studies of Degree in Architecture at the Universitat Politècnica de València. It is born worried about the improvement in the project decisions of the neighbourhood parks.It considers that these public spaces have not been designed with sensitivity towards the social function that they fulfil. This social function is established by the daily uses that the population makes and what the park means to them. Among the objectives of this platform are to open the University to society, involve students in a social project and listen to the user. In addition, it is necessary to diagnose and design the parks with and for the subject-user, because this is the true protagonist of the public space. This paper collects the need to establish a plan to be followed by València Parcs de Barri in the coming years. The plan is a road map that defines the strategic lines and phases to be followed in a community based research project, applying the methodologies of participatory action. References Montañés Serrano, M. (2009) Metodología y técnica participativa. Teoría y práctica de una estrategia de investigación participativa (Editorial UOC, Barcelona). Schlierf, K., Boni A. and Lozano J.F. (2010) ‘La transferencia de tecnología participativa desde la Universidad: hacia un cambio tecnológico’, in Martínez, M. (ed.) Aprendizaje, servicio y responsabilidad social de las Universidades(OCTAEDRO-ICE, Barcelona) 193-217. Valènciaparcs de barri, http://www.valenciaparcsdebarri.es/ Vélez Restrepo, L. A. (2009) ‘Del parque urbano al parque sostenible. Bases conceptuales y analíticas para la evaluación de la sustentabilidad de parques urbanos’, Revista de Geografía Norte Grande, nº 43, 31-49. Verdaguer Viana-Cárdenas, C., and Velázquez Valoria, I. (2012) ‘La ciudad de abajo arriba. Aportaciones para la práctica y la teoría del urbanismo participativo’, Hábitat y Sociedad, nº 4, 7-11.