Articles de revues : « LZ. None of these, but in this section »

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the LUX and LZ Collaborations, Vitaly Kudryavtsev for. « Recent Results from LUX and Prospects for Dark Matter Searches with LZ ». Universe 5, n^o 3 (7 mars 2019) : 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe5030073.

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Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) remains one of the most promising dark matter candidates. Many experiments around the world are searching for WIMPs and the best current sensitivity to WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross-section is about 10 − 10 pb. LUX has been one of the world-leading experiments in the search for dark matter WIMPs. Results from the LUX experiment on WIMP searches for different WIMP masses are summarised in this paper. The LUX detector will be replaced by its successor, the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) detector. With 50 times larger fiducial mass and an increased background rejection power due to specially-designed veto systems, the LZ experiment (due to take first data in 2020) will achieve a sensitivity to WIMPs exceeding the current best limits by more than an order of magnitude (for spin-independent interactions and for WIMP masses exceeding a few GeV). An overview of the LZ experiment is presented and LZ sensitivity is discussed based on the accurately modelled background and the high-sensitivity material screening campaign.

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CONTOPOULOS, G., G. LUKES-GERAKOPOULOS et T. A. APOSTOLATOS. « ORBITS IN A NON-KERR DYNAMICAL SYSTEM ». International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 21, n^o 08 (août 2011) : 2261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127411029768.

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We study the orbits in a Manko–Novikov type metric (MN) which is a perturbed Kerr metric. There are periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic orbits, which are found in configuration space and on a surface of section for various values of the energy E and the z-component of the angular momentum Lz. For relatively large Lz there are two permissible regions of nonplunging motion bounded by two closed curves of zero velocity (CZV), while in the Kerr metric there is only one closed CZV of nonplunging motion. The inner permissible region of the MN metric contains mainly chaotic orbits, but it contains also a large island of stability. When Lz decreases, the two permissible regions join and chaos increases. Below a certain value of Lz, most orbits escape inwards and plunge through the horizon. On the other hand, as the energy E decreases (for fixed Lz) the outer permissible region shrinks and disappears. In the inner permissible region, chaos increases and for sufficiently small E most orbits are plunging. We find the positions of the main periodic orbits as functions of Lz and E, and their bifurcations. Around the main periodic orbit of the outer region, there are islands of stability that do not appear in the Kerr metric (integrable case). In a realistic binary system, because of the gravitational radiation, the energy E and the angular momentum Lz of an inspiraling compact object decrease and therefore the orbit of the object is nongeodesic. In fact, in an extreme mass ratio inspiraling (EMRI) system the energy E and the angular momentum Lz decrease adiabatically and therefore the motion of the inspiraling object is characterized by the fundamental frequencies which are drifting slowly in time. In the Kerr metric, the ratio of the fundamental frequencies changes strictly monotonically in time. However, in the MN metric when an orbit is trapped inside an island the ratio of the fundamental frequencies remains constant for some time. Hence, if such a phenomenon is observed this will indicate that the system is nonintegrable and therefore the central object is not a Kerr black hole.

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Li, Peinan, Zeyu Dai, Xi Wang, Jun Liu, Yi Rui, Xiaojun Li, Jie Fan et Peixin Chen. « A Study of the Segment Assembly Error and Quality Control Standard of Special-Shaped Shield Tunnels ». Energies 15, n^o 7 (29 mars 2022) : 2512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072512.

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Large-section special-shaped shield tunnels feature many advantages, such as versatility and a large space utilization rate in energy transmission and public transport; however, guaranteeing the quality of segments’ assembly is difficult. Based on the quasi-rectangular shield tunnel project of Hangzhou Line 9 in China, this study investigated the formation mechanism and control measures of lining segment assembly defects. By quantifying the manufacturing error and positioning error, a simulation program for segment assembly is developed to calculate the error. Furthermore, considering the relative accumulative error between the upper and lower T blocks, the finite element model of key blocks (T-LZ block) is established to perform mechanical analysis, based on which the relative error control standard of the key block under the corresponding working conditions is proposed. The results show that the assembly quality can be effectively improved by assembling the LZ block first and applying corresponding error control measures, and the displacement of the segment along the rZ direction should be carefully controlled during the construction. The error caused by normal assembly will not damage the LZ block, and the corresponding control standard under the action of multi-degree-of-freedom error (extreme case) is 9.8 mm. Using this method to predict the assembly quality of segments can provide a basis for actual construction control of segment assembly.

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LaFontaine, Caden, Bailey Tallman, Spencer Ellis, Trevor Croteau, Brandon Torres, Sabrina Hernandez, Diego Cristancho Guerrero, Jessica Jaksik, Drue Lubanski et Roland Allen. « A Dark Matter WIMP That Can Be Detected and Definitively Identified with Currently Planned Experiments ». Universe 7, n^o 8 (27 juillet 2021) : 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7080270.

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A recently proposed dark matter WIMP (weakly interacting massive particle) has only second-order couplings to gauge bosons and itself. As a result, it has small annihilation, scattering, and creation cross-sections, and is consequently consistent with all current experiments and the observed abundance of dark matter. These cross-sections are, however, still sufficiently large to enable detection in experiments that are planned for the near future, and definitive identification in experiments proposed on a longer time scale. The (multi-channel) cross-section for annihilation is consistent with thermal production and freeze-out in the early universe, and with current evidence for dark matter annihilation in analyses of the observations of gamma rays by Fermi-LAT and antiprotons by AMS-02, as well as the constraints from Planck and Fermi-LAT. The cross-section for direct detection via collision with xenon nuclei is estimated to be slightly below 10−47 cm2, which should be attainable by LZ and Xenon nT and well within the reach of Darwin. The cross-section for collider detection via vector boson fusion is estimated to be ∼1 fb, and may be ultimately attainable by the high-luminosity LHC; definitive collider identification will probably require the more powerful facilities now being proposed.

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Hankinson, R. J. « The Sceptical Inquirer ». History of Philosophy and Logical Analysis 23, n^o 1 (8 septembre 2020) : 74–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/26664275-02301007.

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Abstract This article treats of whether scepticism, in particular Pyrrhonian scepticism, can be said to deploy a method of any kind. I begin by distinguishing various different notions of method, and their relations to the concept of expertise (section 1). I then (section 2) consider Sextus’s account, in the prologue to Outlines of Pyrrhonism, of the Pyrrhonist approach, and how it supposedly differs from those of other groups, sceptical and otherwise. In particular, I consider the central claim that the Pyrrhonist is a continuing investigator (section 3), who in spite of refusing to be satisfied with any answer (or none), none the less still achieves tranquillity, and whether this can avoid being presented as a method for so doing, and hence as compromising the purity of sceptical suspension of commitment (section 4). In doing so, I relate—and contrast—the Pyrrhonists’ account of their practice to the ‘Socratic Method’ (section 5), as well as to the argumentative practice of various Academics (section 6), and assess their claim in so doing to be offering a way of instruction (section 7). I conclude (section 8) that there is a consistent and interesting sense in which Pyrrhonian scepticism can be absolved of the charge that it incoherently, and crypto-dogmatically, presents itself as offering a method for achieving an intrinsically desirable goal.

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Grace, R. F., et V. J. Roach. « Caesarean Section in a Patient with Paramyotonia Congenita ». Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 26, n^o 5 (octobre 1998) : 534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9802600511.

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This case report details spinal anaesthesia for an elective caesarean section in a patient with the rare condition of paramyotonia congenita. There are few case reports of anaesthesia in this condition and none in the Australian anaesthetic literature. This case highlights the need for the avoidance of hypothermia and depolarizing muscle relaxants, the safety of spinal anaesthesia and a conservative approach to the management of plasma potassium concentration. The subsequent review outlines the current literature and discusses other issues involved in the anaesthetic management of this disorder.

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Begum, Tahera, M. Jalal Uddin et Ishrat Jabin. « Caesarean Section Without Indwelling Catheter ». Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 14, n^o 1 (4 avril 2015) : 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22878.

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Background: Many studies were conducted worldwide on the subject but there is none in Chittagong. To get our experience we had conducted the study. Methods: It was an experimental study. 70 cases were conveniently selected under certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cases were managed by the obstetricians unrelated to the study. All cases were meticulously observed by the investigators and findings were instantly recorded. All data were manually managed. A discussion was made and conclusion was drawn. Results: Total 70 cases were studied. 35 primae and 35 multipara. Mean age was 27 years +2.3 . All were literate and 86% were housewives. Cases were without medical, surgical complications and were uneventfully managed. First voiding time was 4.28 hours +0.45. 07% cases were evacuated with plain catheter after 7 hours for pain and bladder distention. Average hospital stay 2.3 days. There was no occurrence of urinary tract infection. Conclusion: Indwelling catheter should not be used unless it is strongly indicated. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22878 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 34-35

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Chowdhury, Liza, et Ishrat Jahan. « Cesarean Section without Urethral Catheterization ». Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 11, n^o 1 (15 décembre 2016) : 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v11i1.30658.

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Introduction: Urethral catheterization is done as a routine procedure in cesarean section. It is associated with great discomfort, high incidence of urinary tract infection, delayed ambulation and longer hospital stay.Objectives: To determine the feasibility and safety of cesarean section without urethral catheterization.Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was carried out from April 2012 to March 2013, in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, CMH Dhaka and IBN Sina Hospital Dhaka among 65 patients who had undergone cesarean section without catheterization. There were some limitations of this study. We had excluded previous cesarean from our study, so the results of this study cannot be generalized.Results: Firs void discomfort was not significantly associated without the use of indwelling catheter. Hospital stay was shorter (94% was discharged on 3rd post operative day). None of the patients had bladder injury. Mean duration of surgery was 45 minutes (44%) and ambulation time 11-14 hours (60%). Average estimated blood loss was 500 ml (41%) and time of 1st voiding was 5-8 hrs (58%). Need for catheterization was significantly low (3%).Conclusion: Cesarean section can be done safely without urethral catheterization with reduced morbidities.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(1) 2015: 3-6

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Gurung, Tara, Sangeeta Shrestha, Ujjwal Basnet et Amirbabu Shrestha. « Awareness with Recall in General Anesthesia undergoing Cesarean Section ». Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 13, n^o 1 (12 novembre 2018) : 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v13i1.21611.

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Aims: To determine the incidence of awareness with recall in parturient undergoing cesarean section under general anesthesia in Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital.Methods: Retrospective observational cohort study of the patients who underwent cesarean section under general anesthesia from April mid 2014 to April mid 2017 (Baishakh 2071 to Chaitra 2073 BS). Awareness questionnaires filled up through the modified Brice interview.Results: A total of 162 patients underwent Cesarean Section under general anesthesia and138 were included in the study. None of them had awareness and six patients had a dream.Conclusion: No awareness with recall found and prospective study is required to determine the condition.

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Varga, Gyorgy, et Ricardo Dias de Oliveira Brito. « The Cross-Section of Expected Stock Returns in Brazil ». Brazilian Review of Finance 14, n^o 2 (27 juin 2016) : 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/rbfin.v14n2.2016.60916.

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In a sample of the Brazilian stock market from 1999 to 2015, this paper shows that the book-to-market and momentum of individual firms capture some of the cross-sectional variation in average stock returns, while the market β and size do not play a role. The positive relation of cross-section of returns with book-to-market is more evident earlier, while the positive relation with momentum is stronger later in the sample. However, because none of these characteristics show explanatory power for all the subsamples studied, we are not fully convinced that they capture fundamental risk factors.

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Do Nascimento, J. M., J. A. De Araújo-Filho, N. K. S. Sampaio, S. V. Brito et W. O. Almeida. « Description of the egg and larva of Raillietiella mottae (Pentastomida : Raillietiellidae) ». Helminthologia 57, n^o 3 (5 août 2020) : 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/helm-2020-0028.

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SummaryIn the current study, the structural characteristics of the egg and larva of the pentastomid Raillietiella mottae (Almeida, Freire, & Lopes 2008), are described and compared with those of other pentastomids. The eggs and larvae were obtained from lizards Phyllopezus periosus (Rodrigues 1986) and Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix 1825) which were collected in the environmental protection area of Cachoeira de Missão Velha, Ceará state, northeastern Brazil (7° 13’ S; 39° 08’ W). Following collection, the specimens were transported to the Laboratorio de Zoologia (LZ-URCA) and deposited in terrariums to obtain the feces, which were collected and analyzed for the presence of pentastomid eggs. The eggs found were typical of the genus Raillietiella, differing from those of other genera due to the lack of an outer fl exible membrane. The larva had two pairs of limbs, each with a pair of terminal hooks. The limbs were unsegmented, ventrally curved, and supported by conical muscle structures with visible segmentation. The tail was bifurcate, and each section had a terminal bristle. Information on egg and larval morphology can be useful in the identification of genera and species. The current study provides a description of the eggs and embryos of a Pentastomida species from the Neotropical Region.

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Roy, Priyankur, Lakshmanan Jeyaseelan et Jose Ruby. « Respiratory Morbidity in Term Infants delivered by Elective Cesarean Section at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India : A Randomized Controlled Trial ». Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 9, n^o 4 (2017) : 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1520.

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ABSTRACT Objectives (1) To investigate the association between term elective cesarean sections and neonatal respiratory morbidity and the importance of timing of the cesarean. (2) To assess the maternal morbidity when emergency lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) was required. Participants All women with singleton term (37—41 + 6 weeks) pregnancies and planned for elective cesarean section in Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. Outcome measures The primary outcome measures were neonatal morbidities such as transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The secondary outcome measures were emergency cesarean section and maternal morbidities such as scar dehiscence, urinary tract infection (UTI), endometritis, peritonitis, and hemoperitoneum in the mother. Results The percentage of TTN in the infants in group I was 1.3% while there were none in group II. No infants were diagnosed to have RDS. Out of the 150 women who were planned for elective cesarean section, 55 women underwent emergency cesarean section. Among this, 19 (25.3%) of women were from group I as compared with 36 (48.0%) in group II. The difference in proportion between the two groups was –22.7 [95% confidence interval (CI): –37.7, –7.7], which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). The incidence of scar dehiscence, UTI, endometritis, and hemoperitoneum in the mothers of group II was marginally higher than that in the mothers of group I. There was one woman with peritonitis in group I while none was reported in the other group. All the maternal morbidities occurred to women who underwent emergency cesarean section. Out of the 19 women in group I and 36 women in group II who underwent emergency cesarean section, 1 (5.3%) and 6 (16.7%) women had morbidities. Conclusion Women requiring elective cesarean section can safely be done between 37 and 39 weeks with no further significant increase in the rates of neonatal morbidity such as TTN and RDS. How to cite this article Roy P, Jeyaseelan L, Ruby J, Garg R. Respiratory Morbidity in Term Infants delivered by Elective Cesarean Section at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(4):312-317.

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Hamir, Amir N., et Charles E. Rupprecht. « Hepatic Capillariasis (Capillaria Hepatica) in Porcupines (Erethizon Dorsatum) in Pennsylvania ». Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 12, n^o 5 (septembre 2000) : 463–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870001200514.

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Tissues of 53 adult porcupines ( Erethizon dorsatum) from Pennsylvania were obtained for histopathologic examination. Hepatic capillariasis was recorded in 9% of the porcupines. An additional 11% of the liver sections showed lesions that were compatible with migration by Capillaria hepatica. Because only 1 section of the liver per animal was examined microscopically, the documented prevalence of C. hepatica in Pennsylvania is considered conservatively low. However, this condition was subclinical, because none of the infected animals showed clinical signs, and none revealed severe pathologic changes in the affected livers. This seems to be the only report of C. hepatica in porcupines.

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HASSAN, SAMIA, MISBAH KAUSAR JAVAID et SADIA TARIQ. « EMERGENCY CAESAREAN SECTION ». Professional Medical Journal 15, n^o 02 (10 mars 2008) : 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2008.15.02.2772.

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Objective: Comparative analysis of problems encountered betweenpatients of elective caesarean section and patients for whom elective caesarean section was planned but ended upin emergency caesarean section. Design: Descriptive prospective analysis. Setting: Gynae Unit-II, Services Hospital,Lahore. Duration: One year, 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2006. Patients & Methods: A prospective study of st st100 patients who presented for antenatal care (ANC) and for whom elective caesarean section (CS) was planned wasdone. Patients evaluation was done on a designed performa that included demographic, social and obstetrical histories.Problems encountered in the preparatory stage, logistic problems, administrative problems, problems encounteredduring surgery, maternal, fetal mortality and morbidity were noted. Results: The patients were divided into twocategories. Categories I: included patients who had elective CS and category II: included patients who ended up inemergency CS. Numerous problems were encountered for category II patients. In the preparatory phase there wasdifficulty in arranging medicines for 32 patients. (59.2%), arranging blood for 28 patients (51.8%), obtaining consentfor 1 patient (1.85%). Logistic problems included non-availability of operation theatre for 15 patients (27.75%), nonavailability of anaesthetist for 9 patients (16.65%), and non-availability of paediatrician for 38 babies (17.3%). Noneof the emergency CS were done with in the recommended 30 minutes interval. Despite this, there was no significantcoloration between the decision delivery interval (DDI) and perinatal outcome. In our study like threatening cases wereoperative within 60 minutes. Intra operative problems in the category II patients included adhesions in 40 patients (74%)vs 10 patients (21.7%) of category I, partial dehiscence in 16 patients (29.6%) of category II vs 4 patients (8.68%) ofcategory I. Excessive hemorrhage in 8 patients (14.8%) of category II vs 2 patients (4.34%) of category I. Among thepost operative complications anemia was present in 20 patients (43.4%) of category I vs 45 patients (83.25%) ofcategory II patients. Blood transfusion was required for 16 patients (29.6%) of category II vs 4 patients (8.68%) ofcategory I and all patients were given iron supplement. Major wound infection were seen in 9 patients (16.65%) ofcategory II vs 2 patients (4.34%) of category I. Resuturing was done after appropriate antibiotic cover and dailyantiseptic dressing. Minor wound infections were seen in 22 patients (40.7%) of category II vs 12 patients (26.04%)of category I. Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) was seen in 6 patients (11.1%) of category II vs 1 patient (2.17%) ofcategory I. Respiratory Tract Infection (RTI) was seen in 5 patients (9.25%) of category II vs 2 patients (4.34%) ofcategory I. All these were treated by appropriate antibiotic cover. Regarding the neonatal outcome 16 babies (29.6%)of category II were kept under observation in neonatal nursery (NNU) as compared to 6 (13.02%) babies of categoryI. Admission for 2-10 days in NNU were 8 babies (14.96%) of category II vs 2 babies (4.34%) of category I. 2 babies(3.74%) of category II expired later while none of category I. Conclusion: Patients for whom elective CS was plannedbut who ended up in emergency CS, the DDI was prolonged and there was increase risk of maternal morbidity, fetalmorbidity and mortality as compared to those patients who had elective CS.

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Kakkar, Rakesh, et Pradeep Aggarwal. « Book Review : ‘Till We Win - India’s fight against the COVID-19 Pandemic’ ». Indian Journal of Community Health 32, n^o 4 (31 décembre 2020) : 755–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i04.028.

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‘Till We Win’ is a book which provides a comprehensive overview of India’s journey. It deliberates how India, as a nation, fought and continue to fight against the novel coronavirus, SARS CoV-2. It documents and analyses the COVID-19 pandemic responses and provides lessons for health systems strengthening. The book has four section and eleven chapters. The first section focuses upon why viruses are likely to cause pandemic and how human activities are increasing the risks of outbreaks and epidemics. The next section deliberates on India’s pandemic response and how the policies had evolved with every new emerging condition. The authors argue that none of the country was fully prepared for the pandemic of the such a magnitude which eventually had disrupted even ‘so called’ better performing health system.

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Burnside, Craig. « The Cross Section of Foreign Currency Risk Premia and Consumption Growth Risk : Comment ». American Economic Review 101, n^o 7 (1 décembre 2011) : 3456–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.7.3456.

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Lustig and Verdelhan (2007) argue that the excess returns to borrowing US dollars and lending in foreign currency “compensate US investors for taking on more US consumption growth risk,” yet the stochastic discount factor corresponding to their benchmark model is approximately uncorrelated with the returns they study. Hence, one cannot reject the null hypothesis that their model explains none of the cross sectional variation of the expected returns. Given this finding, and other evidence, I argue that the forward premium puzzle remains a puzzle. JEL: C58, E21, F31, G11, G12

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Hall, A. D., B. K. Puri, T. Stewart et P. S. Grahame. « Doctors' Holding Power in Practice : Section 5(2) of the Mental Health Act 1983 ». Medicine, Science and the Law 35, n^o 3 (juillet 1995) : 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580249503500310.

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Section 5(2) of the Mental Health Act 1983 (England and Wales) is a commonly used short term power of detention often implemented by junior medical staff, which has no statutory right of appeal. There is little published analysis of its use in clinical practice. A detailed case note study of its use in a psychiatric service with a large catchment area is presented. Fifty-seven per cent of the patients detained under s.5(2) were female. Affective psychosis was over-represented in detained females, while schizophrenia and paranoid states were over-represented in males. Eight per cent of s.5(2) detentions were initiated via the nurses' holding power, s.5(4). None of these patients were subsequently regraded to s.2 or 3, which may be accounted for by the finding that personality disorder and alcohol dependence were more commonly diagnosed in this subgroup. Of s.5(2) detainees, none of those with a non-psychotic disorder were regraded to s.2 or 3. Three patients had not accepted in-patient admission prior to implementation of s.5(2). Moreover, 38 per cent of all s.5(2) detentions took place within 24 hours of admission. Patients with a psychotic disorder were more likely to be detained within 24 hours of admission. Doubts regarding the validity of consent to voluntary admission in these patients are raised.

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Abboud, Therese K., Michael J. Moore, Jerry Jacobs, Kazushige Murakawa, Manoutchehr Soraya et Jay Zhu. « Epidural Mepivacaine for Cesarean Section : Maternal and Neonatal Effects ». Regional Anesthesia : The Journal of Neural Blockade in Obstetrics, Surgery, & ; Pain Control 12, n^o 2 (avril 1987) : 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-00115550-198712020-00003.

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The effects of epidural anesthesia using mepivacaine on maternal blood pressure, newborn Apgar scores, neonatal acid-base status, and the Early Neonatal Neurobehavioral Scale (ENNS) were studied in 21 pregnant women undergoing cesarean section. Maternal and neonatal blood levels of mepivacaine were also determined. Neonatal outcome was compared with a control group of 14 neonates of healthy mothers who received 3% 2-chloroprocaine for elective cesarean section. All patients had satisfactory anesthesia for cesarean section with an onset of 19 ± 1.8 minutes (mean ± SEM) and duration of 95 ± 11.9 minutes. Hypotension developed in two patients, and they were treated with intravenous ephedrine. All neonates had Apgar scores of 8 or more at 1 and 5 minutes and normal blood gases and acid-base status. None of the variables of the ENNS differed significantly between the mepivacaine and the chloroprocaine control group with the exception of truncal tone, which was significantly higher in the mepivacaine group ( p < 0.05). Mepivacaine was detected in all maternal and fetal samples, and the umbilical venous to maternal venous ratio was 0.57 ± 0.17 (mean ± SEM).

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Lowe-Ponsford, Francesca L., et Ayaz Begg. « Place of Safety and Section 136 at Gatwick Airport ». Medicine, Science and the Law 36, n^o 4 (octobre 1996) : 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580249603600406.

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Seventy-nine adults and nineteen children were arrested at Gatwick Airport under s.136 over the period of one year although not all were formally held under this section at the police station (i.e. not all were accepted by the custody police officer). Their notes at the police station were reviewed. None of the children and only half of the adults were eventually seen by a doctor. The police were able to deal with the others. Half of these latter were missing persons. Those referred to a doctor tended to be suicidal or confused compared with those who were dealt with solely by the police. In addition, the police station as a place of safety probably influenced management in that people were dealt with quickly. The phenomenon of ‘wanderers’ is commented upon. This study suggests that when reviewing people held by the police as a result of their behaviour, a more comprehensive study can be performed by considering those arrested under s.136, but needing a more informal approach, at the police station.

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Gupta, Nupur, Taru Gupta et Ritu Singh. « Feto-maternal outcome in second versus first stage caesarean delivery in a tertiary medical care centre ». International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, n^o 12 (26 novembre 2018) : 5084. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184971.

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Background: The aim is to study neonatal and maternal outcomes of the caesarean sections performed in first stage versus second stage of labour. Methods: The retrospective analysis of data were done of caesarean section done at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at ESI PGIMSR Basaidarapur New Delhi between January 2016 to December 2016. 45 women, who underwent second stage caesarean section were studied. For each case, two consecutive cases, who underwent caesarean delivery during the first stage of labour were taken as control for the study. Primary maternal outcomes of interest were uterine atonia, transfusion requirement, urinary system injury and postoperative complications. Results: Out of 4477 deliveries, 1466 had caesarean section with a rate of 32%. The rate of second stage caesarean section was 3% of total caesarean section and 1% of total deliveries. Second stage caesarean section had higher maternal and perinatal morbidity like atonic PPH (33.3%), lower uterine segment extension (7%), febrile morbidity (10%), and need for blood transfusion (15%). There were 15.5% NICU admission in second stage caesarean group while none in first stage group. Conclusions: Caesarean section in the second stage of the labour is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidities. Special attention is required to the patients undergoing caesarean section in the second stage of the labour. They should be handled by senior and experienced obstetrician. Neonatologist should be present for every second stage caesarean section.

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Vaswani, Babita P., Aditi Trivedi et Sriram Gopal. « Extraperitoneal versus transperitoneal cesarean section : a retrospective analysis ». International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, n^o 2 (28 janvier 2020) : 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20200337.

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Background: Cesarean section is becoming a more common delivery type worldwide. The objective of this study was to compare surgical morbidity in extraperitoneal versus transperitoneal techniques of cesarean section.Methods: A total of 60 patients was included in this study out of which 30 underwent extraperitoneal cesarean section(ECS) and 30 patients underwent transperitoneal cesarean section (TCS) and compared both the techniques with respect to nausea or vomiting intra-operatively, pain score (as measured by visual analogue scale) post operatively, return of bowel function and blood loss.Results: Intra-operative nausea and vomiting was noted in 33.34% of patients in TCS group while none of the patients in ECS group had any such complaints. No difference was noted in average blood loss between the 2 groups. Post-operative pain in ECS was 4.13 as compared to 6.86 in TCS. Return of bowel sounds in ECS group was much earlier (5.46 hours) as compared to TCS group (11.33 hours).Conclusions: We conclude that extraperitoneal technique is advantageous over transperitoneal approach. Decreased nausea and vomiting, early return of bowel function in the post-operative period, decreased post-operative pain allowing early feeding and mobilization are definite benefits of this technique. This further helps in making a relatively smoother post-operative recovery.

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Zhen, Tao, Erika Mijin Kwon, R. Katherine Hyde, Ling Zhao, Guadalupe Lopez, Lemlem Alemu et Pu Paul Liu. « Runx1 Is Strictly Required for Cbfb-MYH11 Induced Leukemia Development ». Blood 128, n^o 22 (2 décembre 2016) : 2722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2722.2722.

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Abstract Inversion of chromosome 16 is a consistent finding in patients with acute myeloid leukemia subtype M4 with eosinophilia (AML M4Eo), which generates a CBFB-MYH11 fusion gene. The prevailing hypothesis for the mechanism of leukemia development by CBFbeta-SMMHC, the fusion protein encoded by CBFB-MYH11, is that CBFbeta-SMMHC is a dominant negative repressor of RUNX1, a transcription factor that physically interacts with CBFbeta and CBFbeta-SMMHC. If this hypothesis is correct, reducing RUNX1 activity should facilitate leukemogenesis by CBFB-MYH11. In fact, loss-of-function mutations in RUNX1 are common in human AML, but not in inv(16) AML. However, we previously demonstrated that CBFB-MYH11 has RUNX1-repression independent functions (Hyde et al., Blood 115:1433, 2010). Moreover, we recently showed that a dominant negative allele of Runx1, Runx1-lz, delayed leukemogenesis by CBFB-MYH11 in a mouse model (Hyde et al., Leukemia 29:1771, 2015). These findings challenge the RUNX1-repression model for CBFbeta-SMMHC mediated leukemogenesis. However, our previous findings are not conclusive since the Runx1+/lz mice used in the previous study have one wild-type Runx1 allele, and still retain some Runx1 function. To definitively address this question, we crossed Cre-based conditional Runx1 knockout mice (Runx1f/f) with Cre-based conditional Cbfb-MYH11 knockin mice (Cbfb+/56M) and Mx1-Cre mice to generate Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56Mmice, which express CBFbeta-SMMHC but not Runx1 after pIpC (poly I:C) treatment to induce Cre expression. Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56Mmice had more severe platelet deficiencies and higher numbers of Lin-/Sca1-/C-kit+ progenitors and Lin-/Sca1+/C-kit+ hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow when comapred with Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre mice. Unexpectedly Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56Mmice also developed severe macrocytic anemia within two weeks after pIpC induction, which was lethal in about 1/3 of the mice. However, none of the Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56M mice developed leukemia up to one year after pIpC treatment. In contrast, all Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56M mice developed leukemia with an average survival of 4 months, as reported previously. These results suggest that Runx1 is strictly required for Cbfb-MYH11 induced leukemogenesis. To further study the mechanism of leukemogenesis, we performed RNA-Seq on C-kit+ bone marrow cells isolated from mice two weeks after pIpC treatment, to explore the global gene expression changes caused by Runx1 knockout on Cbfb-MYH11 expressing mice. Our preliminary data analysis showed that 1688 genes were differential expressed (Padj ≤0.05, FC ≥ 2) between Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56M and Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56M mice. Interestingly, many of these genes (48%) are Runx1 target genes. The above results suggest that mis-regulating the expression of Runx1 target genes contributes to leukemogenesis by CBFbeta-SMMHC. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Li, Liang, Tianhua Zhou, Junwu Chen et Jianfeng Chen. « A New Buckling-Restrained Brace with a Variable Cross-Section Core ». Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (26 décembre 2019) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4620430.

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In this paper, a new type of buckling-restrained brace characterized by a variable cross-section core (BRB-VCC) is proposed and investigated. The practical design equations of the BRB-VCC are derived based on mechanical and mathematical theories. Six specimens are designed and tested to clarify the mechanical behaviours of the BRB-VCC and to validate the reliability of the proposed equations. The test results show that (1) none of the specimens buckle under compression, as expected, and their ductilities and energy dissipation capacities are satisfactory; (2) the derived formulas are reliable and can be conveniently used in engineering practice; and (3) the yielding displacement of the BRB-VCC is approximately 70% that of the traditional TJ-1 buckling-restrained brace (BRB-TJ-1), which may yield earlier than the BRB-TJ-1 in concrete structures under the action of an earthquake.

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Muthukrishnan, Dharini, et Prabha Janakiraman. « Successful conservative management of viable caesarean scar pregnancy with systemically administered methotrexate followed by ultrasound guided ethanol ablation of gestational sac : a rare case report ». International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, n^o 6 (26 mai 2022) : 1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20221459.

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The incidence and diagnosis of caesarean scar pregnancy is on rise because of rising caesarean section rates. Though many modalities are available for its management, none seems to be superior and data regarding them are also lacking. Here we are presenting a rare case report of successful conservative management of viable caesarean scar pregnancy with systemic methotrexate followed by ultrasound guided ethanol ablation of gestational sac.

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Steele, Russell W., James R. McConnell, Richard F. Jacobs et John R. Mawk. « Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis : Coronal Thin-Section Cranial Computed Tomography to Delineate Anatomic Defects ». Pediatrics 76, n^o 6 (1 décembre 1985) : 950–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.76.6.950.

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Three patients with histories of recurrent bacterial meningitis were previously examined with skull and sinus radiographs, routine cranial computed tomography, intrathecal radioisotope tracer studies, and immunologic evaluation. None of these studies were diagnostic. Pneumococcal vaccine and prophylactic penicillin therapy were ineffective in preventing recurrent episodes in two cases. Thin-section (2-mm) direct coronal computed cranial tomography demonstrated anatomic defects in all three patients. The use of metrizamide cisternography was not necessary to diagnose the defects. All patients had basiethmoidal encephaloceles which were repaired surgically. Direct coronal computed tomography offers a relatively easy noninvasive method for delineating anatomic abnormalities in patients with recurrent meningitis.

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Cummings, James. « Strong ultrapowers and long core models ». Journal of Symbolic Logic 58, n^o 1 (mars 1993) : 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2275336.

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In his paper [7] Steel asked whether there can exist a normal measure U on a cardinal κ such thatWe use Reverse Easton forcing to show that this is consistent from a P2κ hypermeasure; we also show that the result is sharp, using the core model for nonoverlapping coherent extender sequences.The proof uses forcing technology due to Woodin.In this section we collect some facts that are useful in the forcing constructions of the next section. None of them are due to us, and we are unsure to whom they should be attributed for the most part. We give sketchy proofs; the reader who wants to see more details is referred to [2].

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van Gelderen, Elly. « The Northumbrian Old English glosses ». NOWELE / North-Western European Language Evolution 72, n^o 2 (10 décembre 2019) : 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00024.gel.

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Abstract The articles in this volume contribute to our understanding of Northumbrian Old English of the 10th century, of the nature of external influence, and of the authorship of the glosses. This introduction provides a background to these three areas. Most of the introduction and contributions examine the Lindisfarne Glosses with some discussion of the Rushworth and Durham Glosses. Section 2 shows that the Lindisfarne glossator often adds a (first and second person) pronoun where the Latin has none but allows third person null subjects. Therefore, although the Latin original has obvious influence, Old English grammar comes through. Section 3 reviews the loss of third person -th verbal inflection in favor of -s, especially in Matthew. This reduction may be relevant to the role of external (Scandinavian and British Celtic) influence and is also interesting when the language of the Lindisfarne and Durham Glosses is compared. In Section 4, the use of overt pronouns, relatives, and demonstratives shows an early use of th-pronouns, casting doubt on a Norse origin of they. Section 5 looks at negation mainly from a northern versus southern perspective and Section 6 sums up. Section 7 previews the other contributions and their major themes, namely possible external (Latin, Norse, or British Celtic) influence, the linguistic differences among glossators, the spacing of ‘prefixes’ as evidence for grammaticalization, and the role of doublets.

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OKUDAIRA, RYUJI, et ANDREW HUXLEY. « A Burmese tract on kingship : political theory in the 1782 manuscript of Manugye ». Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 64, n^o 2 (juin 2001) : 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x01000143.

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In 1782, the year of King Badon's coronation, someone close to the Burmese palace wrote a legal manuscript. This paper gives a translation of and commentary on that section of the manuscript dealing with kingship. By tracing the sources of the material used, it contributes to the debate about the sources of Burmese political philosophy. Was precolonial Burmese political thought primarily Hindu, primarily Buddhist, primarily Indian or none of the above?

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S., Bebincy D., et Chitra J. « Extraperitoneal versus transperitoneal cesarean section in surgical morbidity in a tertiary care centre ». International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, n^o 8 (26 juillet 2017) : 3397. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173450.

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Background: To test the advantages of extraperitoneal cesarean section over transperitoneal cesarean section.Methods: It is a single blinded prospective study. Women who were planned for emergency LSCS in the department of OG, Kanyakumari Government Medical College, Asaripallam were randomly allocated into extraperitoneal cesarean section (ECS) (n=80) or transperitoneal cesarean section (TCS) (n=80) from November 2015 to January 2017 and evaluated.Results: Even though the time taken to deliver the baby was more in ECS group (Average 4:57 minutes) than TCS group (Average 2:05 minutes, there is no change in Apgar score at 1 minute. The postoperative pain measured by VAS was lesser (4.28) in ECS than TCS (7.06). Bowel function returned early in ECS (8.687 hours) than in TCS (16.487 hours) group. None of the cases in ECS group had peroperative vomiting or post-operative wound infection.Conclusions: So, we can conclude that ECS is a better method in experienced hands than the TCS in selected cases.

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Gouvea, Rodrigo A. dos S. « Physicalism without identity ». Trans/Form/Ação 43, n^o 2 (juin 2020) : 253–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0101-3173.2020.v43n2.14.p253.

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Abstract This paper presents and discusses the most influential attempts to characterize physicalism without postulating relations of identity between the physical and the prima facie non-physical. The first section deals with a possible criticism that these attempts are misguided, since they contradict the physicalist slogan “everything there is physical.” In the second section, I elucidate the different formulations of the physicalist supervenience claim, and argue that none of them consists in an adequate characterization of physicalism. Three reasons are given in favor of this conclusion: their compatibility with forms of dualism (or pluralism); the fact that the supervenience relation is left unexplained; and Kim’s causal exclusion argument, which asserts that merely supervenient entities (i.e., ones that are not in identity relations with strictly physical entities) must be epiphenomenal. The third section presents the general features of another identity-independent attempt to characterize physicalism, namely realization physicalism. According to this view, tokens of prima facie non-physical types are realized by tokens of strictly physical types performing functional roles that specify the nature of the former. The third section also shows how realization physicalism deals with the objections that make physicalist supervenience claims inadequate for characterizing physicalism.

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Acharya, S., DK Uprety, HP Pokharel, R. Amatya et R. Rai. « Cesarean Section without Urethral Catheterization : A Randomized Control Trial ». Kathmandu University Medical Journal 10, n^o 2 (3 janvier 2013) : 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i2.7337.

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Background Urethral catheterization is done as a routine procedure in cesarean section. It is associated with high incidence of urinary tract infections, discomfort, delayed ambulation and longer hospital stay. Objective To determine the feasibility and safety of cesarean section without urethral catheterization. Methods A prospective, randomized controlled trial was carried out from April 2008 to March 2009, in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Among 150 patients who had undergone cesarean section 75 were catheterized and 75 were uncatheterized. Results First void discomfort was significantly associated with the use of indwelling catheter (OR 6.95, CI 95 %, 3.74 to 12.95; P< 0.001).Significant number of patients with indwelling catheter had signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection (OR 6,CI 95%, 2.59 to 13. 86; P < 0.001). Positive urinalysis for urinary tract infection was high in catheterized group (P <0.001). Hospital stay was shorter in patients without catheter (p < 0.05). None of the patients had bladder injury. There were no significant differences in duration of surgery and ambulation time between two groups of patients. Conclusions Cesarean section can be done safely without urethral catheterization with reduced morbidities. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | Vol.10 | No. 2 | Issue 38 | Apr – June 2012 | Page 18-22 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i2.7337

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Zhen, Tao, Erika Mijin Kwon, R. Katherine Hyde, Ling Zhao, Guadalupe Lopez, Lemlem Alemu et Paul P. Liu. « Title : Runx1 Is Indispensable for Leukemia Development Induced By Cbfb-MYH11 ». Blood 132, Supplement 1 (29 novembre 2018) : 1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-116930.

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Abstract Inversion of chromosome 16 is a consistent finding in patients with acute myeloid leukemia subtype M4 with eosinophilia (AML M4Eo), which generates a CBFB-MYH11 fusion gene. It is generally considered that CBFβ-SMMHC, the fusion protein encoded by CBFB-MYH11, is a dominant negative repressor of RUNX1, a transcription factor that physically interacts with CBFβ and CBFβ-SMMHC. While loss-of-function mutations in RUNX1 are common in human AML, they have not been found in inv(16) AML. Moreover, we have demonstrated that CBFβ-SMMHC has RUNX1-repression independent functions (Hyde et al., Blood 115:1433, 2010), and Runx1 insufficiency (Runx1+/lz) delays Cbfb-MYH11-induced leukemia in a mouse model (Hyde et al., Leukemia 29:1771, 2015). These findings challenge the RUNX1-repression model for CBFβ-SMMHC mediated leukemogenesis. However, our previous findings are not conclusive since the Runx1+/lz mice used in the previous study have one wild-type Runx1 allele, and still retain some Runx1 function. To definitively address this question, we generated mice with both Cre-based conditional Runx1 knockout and Cbfb-MYH11 knockin (Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M), which express Cbfb-MYH11 but no Runx1 after pIpC (poly I:C) treatment to induce Cre expression. Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56Mmice had higher numbers of Lin-/Sca1-/c-Kit+ (LK) and Lin-/Sca1+/c-Kit+ cells in the bone marrow when comapred with Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56M mice at 3 weeks after pIpC. However, none of the Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56M mice developed leukemia up to one year after pIpC treatment. As reported previously, all Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M mice developed leukemia with an median survival time of 4 months. Moreoever, none of the recipients transplanted with bone marrow cells from Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M mice and then treated with pIpC developed leukemia, while all of the recipients of the Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M bone marrow cells did, suggesting that the loss of leukemogenesis is cell autonomous. All together, these results indicate that Runx1 is indispensable for Cbfb-MYH11 induced leukemogenesis. Even though at 3 weeks after pIpC the Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M mice had more c-Kit+ cells, and more significantly the abnormal myeloid progenitors (AMPs) (LK/CD34-/Fc□RII/III+) from which the leukemia cells arise, these cells started to decrease and disappear 4 weeks after pIpC, suggesting that this is a critical stage for the failure of leukemogenesis in the Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M mice. We therefore performed RNA-seq on the AMP population isolated from Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M and Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M mice three weeks after pIpC treatment, to explore the global gene expression changes between them. Our preliminary data analysis showed that many genes (1635) were differential expressed (DEGs; Padj ≤0.05, absolute fold change ≥ 2) between Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56M and Mx1-Cre, Cbfb+/56M mice. Many of these DEGs (37.6%) are RUNX1 target genes (Mandoli et al., Leukemia. 28:770, 2014). Among the significantly enriched gene sets by gene set enrichment analysis of the DEGs, the "GAL_LEUKEMIC_STEM_CELL_DN" gene set, which contains genes down-regulated in leukemic stem cells, is positively correlated with DEGs upregulated in Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M cells, suggesting that the AMP population from Runx1f/f, Mx1-Cre,Cbfb+/56M mice lost the leukemia initiating ability. We are preforming ChIP-seq on the AMP population to determine how loss of RUNX1 disrupts binding of CBFβ-SMMHC to target genes. The above results suggest that RUNX1 is required for the regulation of critical genes for leukemogenesis by CBFβ-SMMHC. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Khlebnikova, O. A., et Ya E. Terekhina. « New objects in section of the eastern Black Sea basin from 3D seismic data ». Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, n^o 3 (28 juin 2020) : 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2020-3-138-143.

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In the section of the eastern Black Sea basin and the Caucasus continental slope, according to 3D seismic data, unique objects were first discovered and described — vertical failure in the Upper Cretaceous — Lower Miocene deposits. An interesting feature of these structures is a close to isometric shape in plan. About 40 objects have been identified on an area of more than 1000 m2. «Bulls-eye» («multiphase») paleo-pockmarks [Andresen, Huuse, 2011], as well as karst collapse [Zuo et al., 2009] are proposed as world analogues with a similar wave pattern on seismic data. The corresponding genesis models are considered, but none of the theories allows drawing a conclusion. The discovered objects are unique and require further investigation.

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Ajaz, Muhammad, Irfan Khan et M. K. Suleymanov. « Production cross-section of heavy flavored hadrons in pp collision at s = 7 TeV ». Modern Physics Letters A 34, n^o 19 (20 juin 2019) : 1950150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732319501505.

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The transverse momentum distribution of the differential production cross-sections of heavy flavored charm hadrons [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] in pp collisions at 7 TeV are simulated. Predictions of DPMJETIII.17-1, HIJING1.383 and Sibyll2.3c are compared to the differential cross-section measurements of the LHCb experimental data presented in the region of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], where the pp center of mass frame is used to measure the transverse momentum and rapidity. The models reproduce only some regions of [Formula: see text] and/or bins of [Formula: see text] but none of them predict completely all the [Formula: see text] bins over the entire [Formula: see text] range.

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Nasreen, Shaikh Zinnatara, Safinaz Shahreen, Saleheen Huq et Sabereen Huq. « Prevention of Postoperative Adhesions of Caesarean Section ». Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 35, n^o 2 (29 juillet 2017) : 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v35i2.33369.

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Adhesions means fibrous or scar tissue that results from the healing process. Up to 95% of patients who have surgery develop adhesions. Adhesions formation and its long term sequel is a well known complication of the surgery but unfortunately very little is investigated about the prevention. The long term morbidities such as chronic pelvic pain, secondary infertility, hospital readmission, bowel obstruction, difficult repeat C/S with increased bleeding, longer operative time, injury to bowel ,bladder, ureters and placental accreta spectrum disorder from adhesions are the main concern. The cost for these adhesions is extreme burden for the developing countries. Several preventive agents against postoperative adhesions have been investigated. The proper surgical technique remains the cornerstone for good outcomes and risks reduction. Careful tissue handling, keeping tissue moist, meticulous homeostasis, minimization of tissue ishcaemia and avoiding excessive tissue desiccation, the use of micro and a traumatic instruments are very important to prevent the adhesive disorders. Several chemical agents, mechanical barriers and hydrofloatation are being used which seems to be promising. But all of them have some limitations. All these Barriers are being used widely but need to be properly evaluated, before its routine use. FDA approved Barrier Seprafilm, Hydrofloation Adept are popular but also CoSeal, SurgiWrap and Plasmax( not FDA approved ) are getting much popularity. Oxidized regenerated cellulose is promising but for C/S is not properly evaluated. The chemical barriers like NSAID, Steroids, antifibrinolytic agents and anticoagulant are being used since ancient period but they are not proved to be superior to adhesive barriers. In the current state of knowledge, none can replace the good surgical technique. Therefore along with the training of appropriate surgical technique, preclinical or clinical studies are still necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the several proposed prevention strategies and more researches are time demanding to prevent postoperative adhesions.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2017; 35(2): 86-90

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C., T. E. « CAESAREAN SECTION BY AN OX (1885) ». Pediatrics 84, n^o 1 (1 juillet 1989) : 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.84.1.82.

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In scanning medical journals of the nineteenth century I have come across a number of bizarre anecdotal clinical reports. None, however, has yet equaled the case cited below. The following case is probably unique in the medical literature. My memory is refreshed from notes taken by DR. MEANS, who saw the case with me in consultation. Mrs. P, age 34, the mother of seven children and near full term in her eighth pregnancy, on November 16th. was gored by an infuriated ox. The horn of the beast entered at the anterior superior spinous process of the ilium, and made a rent extending to the umbilicus, and involving both the abdominal parietes and the walls of the uterus. The child was extruded through the wound in half an hour after the occurrence of the accident. When I arrived on the scene, I found the child fully delivered but remaining attached to the cord, which I ligatured and severed. There being no dilatation of either the os uteri or the vagina, I delivered the placenta through the rent and applied a bandage. The patient was almost lifeless from hemorrhage and shock, and I placed her on morphine and whisky. On the following day she was still alive and DR. MEANS was called in consultation at 9:30 a.m. The small intestines escaped from the wound on removal of the bandage, and were returned with much difficulty. The wound was now closed with interrupted sutures, a carbolized compress was applied, and the morphine and whisky continued internally. At 5:00 p.m. of the same day I found the pulse 130 and respiration 25 per minute; the abdomen was greatly distended, and the vital powers were fast becoming exhausted. On the following morning I found on my visit that the woman had expired at 10:00 o'clock of the previous night. SHAKESPEARE speaks of MACBETH as having been torn from his mother's womb by a wild boar, but probably the statement must be charged to poetic license. I believe the case I have above reported to be the only authentic case of Caesarian section performed by a beast on record. It may be interesting to know that the child suffered little or nothing from the violent and unusual method of delivery, and is alive to-day, a vigorous and thriving boy.

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Govardhanam, V., P. Tandon et V. huang. « A181 CAUSES FOR C-SECTION IN IBD PATIENTS : A RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW ». Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 4, Supplement_1 (1 mars 2021) : 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwab002.179.

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Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory conditions including ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD) or IBD-unclassified. Current expert guidelines recommend only two IBD-related reasons to consider C-section: perianal CD and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) history. However, the incidence of C section among IBD patients is higher than the non-IBD patients. There is a sparsity of literature on what other factors influence the decision to perform caesarean delivery among IBD patients. Aims To investigate IBD-related and non-IBD related reasons leading to C-section in IBD patients. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed on women with IBD, >18 years of age and/or older, who delivered at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto 2016–2019. OB records and OR records were reviewed to obtain information specific to C-section. Results A total of 119 deliveries were reviewed. 47 out of the 119 had C-section delivery. 42.9% (N=21) of C-section was in UC patients and 57.1% (N=28) was in CD patients. Maternal request comprised 2.1% (N=1) and arrest of cervical dilation 6.4% (N=3). 20.4% (N=10) patients failed vaginal delivery. Only 8.7% of C-section deliveries were Primiparous. 42.9% (N=12) of patients from the CD category that underwent C-section had fistulizing CD. 46.4% (N=13) of patients with CD had stricturing CD and underwent C-Section. 63.8% (N=30) of the patients that had C-section had planned C-Section. 26.6% (N=8) of the planned C-section was due to a history of the perianal disease and only 13.3% (N=4) had an active perianal disease. Other causes for planned C-section included J-pouch (10%, N=3) and active UC (2.1%, N=1). As per expert recommendation, we would anticipate 14% of patients to have C-section due to IBD related reasons however we found that 30% of the patients had C-section due to IBD related reasons. Conclusions Based on the preliminary data from our retrospective study we find that 30% of the C-sections were due to IBD related reasons and 70% C-sections were from non-IBD related reasons. Funding Agencies None

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Wilson, Trevor C., Barry J. Conn et Murray J. Henwood. « Molecular phylogeny and systematics of Prostanthera (Lamiaceae) ». Australian Systematic Botany 25, n^o 5 (2012) : 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb12006.

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Prostanthera is the largest genus of Lamiaceae in Australia and was last comprehensively revised in 1870. To test the classification, and the homology of the morphological characters on which it is based, we analysed nuclear (ETS) and chloroplast (trnT–F and ndhF–rpl32) sequence data for 71 species of Westringieae (Lamiaceae) in separate and combined datasets by using maximum-parsimony and Bayesian-inference methods. Results supported the monophyly of the Westringieae, but indicated that Prostanthera is paraphyletic with respect to Wrixonia, requiring the latter to be synonymised with the former. Although combinations of datasets provided some degree of infrageneric resolution within Prostanthera sensu lato, none of its sections or series could be recovered unambiguously. Prostanthera section Prostanthera and P. section Klanderia (regarded as entomophilous and ornithophilous, respectively) did not form a sister relationship, and neither could be unequivocally resolved as monophyletic. However, all species of P. section Klanderia nested within P. section Prostanthera raising the possibility that P. section Prostanthera is paraphyletic. Similarly, the phylogeny of Prostanthera based on molecular data could not be reconciled with the morphological definition of the traditionally recognised series. We recommend abandoning Bentham’s series as a means of organising morphological variation within the genus, but acknowledge that it is premature to discard Bentham’s sections. The evolutionary and systematic implications of the lack of congruence between our molecular phylogeny and morphologically defined subgeneric taxa are discussed.

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Trafimow, David. « A Frequentist Alternative to Significance Testing, p-Values, and Confidence Intervals ». Econometrics 7, n^o 2 (4 juin 2019) : 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/econometrics7020026.

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There has been much debate about null hypothesis significance testing, p-values without null hypothesis significance testing, and confidence intervals. The first major section of the present article addresses some of the main reasons these procedures are problematic. The conclusion is that none of them are satisfactory. However, there is a new procedure, termed the a priori procedure (APP), that validly aids researchers in obtaining sample statistics that have acceptable probabilities of being close to their corresponding population parameters. The second major section provides a description and review of APP advances. Not only does the APP avoid the problems that plague other inferential statistical procedures, but it is easy to perform too. Although the APP can be performed in conjunction with other procedures, the present recommendation is that it be used alone.

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Magrini, Sara, et Anna Scoppola. « Cytological status of Viola kitaibeliana (Section Melanium, Violaceae) in Europe ». Phytotaxa 238, n^o 3 (16 décembre 2015) : 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.238.3.9.

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Viola kitaibeliana Schultes in Roemer & Schultes (1819: 383) was described for “Pannonia” as a small pansy with “caule erecto simplicissimo, foliis grosse crenatis, inferioribus subrotundis glabris, superioribus obovatis, stipulis similibus subintegerrimis, basive subpinnatis, petalo cornuto calycem glabrum aequante, reliquis brevioribus. Arvensi proxima, hac praecocior multo, (Aprili florens!) tenerior, et notis indicatis satis distincta. Flores 2, vel unicus, raro tres, oblique erecti in pedunculis folia excedentibus.” (Typus: M0112803; Fig. 1). Thereafter, many other names have been assigned to similar pansies described outside the Pannonian region: e.g. V. tricolor Linneus (1753: 935) var. nana De Candolle (1824: 304) and V. nemausensis Jordan (1846: 18) in France, V. tricolor subsp. minima Gaudin (1828: 210) in Switzerland, V. tricolor var. trimestris De Candolle (1824: 304), V. tricolor var. henriquesii Willk. ex Coutinho (1892: 36) and V. tricolor var. machadeana Coutinho (1892: 36) in the Iberian Peninsula. None of these taxa have been reported in Flora Europaea by Valentine et al. (1968) and later they have been included in V. kitaibeliana or placed in synonymy with it in the main floras (e.g. Muñoz Garmendia et al. 1993). According to Valentine et al. (1968) and to the updates of Magrini & Scoppola (2015b), in Europe V. kitaibeliana is widespread from Southwest to East, extending to Ukraine (Fig. 2).

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Sederer, Lloyd I. « Inpatient psychiatry : why do we need it ? » Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 19, n^o 4 (décembre 2010) : 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00000610.

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AbstractThe author makes the case for the necessity of inpatient psychiatric services in a comprehensive, community based, system of care. The editorial begins with an historical perspective on mental hospitals. It then discusses acute and intermediate psychiatric inpatient units. A section also covers forensic units, also indispensable for a region or population of any size. The editorial concludes with a call for recognizing the purpose and value of inpatient services and thus using them most effectively.Declaration of Interest: None.

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Dodge, William S. « The Presumption Against Extraterritoriality in Two Steps ». AJIL Unbound 110 (2016) : 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398772300002385.

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For the past twenty-five years, the presumption against extraterritoriality has been the Supreme Court’s principal tool for determining the geographic scope of federal statutes. In 2010, Morrison v. National Australia Bank used the presumption to decide the scope of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act, which prohibits securities fraud. Morrison approached the question in two steps. First, it looked for a “clear indication of extraterritoriality” to rebut the presumption and found none. Second, it looked to see if application of the statute would be domestic or extraterritorial by examining the “focus” of the provision. Plaintiffs argued that applying Section 10(b) would be domestic because the alleged fraud occurred in the United States, although they had bought their shares in Australia. The Court disagreed, holding that application of Section 10(b) would be extraterritorial because “the focus of the Exchange Act is not upon the place where the deception originated, but upon purchases and sales of securities in the United States,” and in this case the transaction occurred abroad.

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Donowitz, Leigh Grossman, et Sandra M. Norris. « The Efficacy of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in the Prevention of Post-Cesarean Section Endometritis ». Infection Control 6, n^o 5 (mai 1985) : 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700061403.

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AbstractEndometritis is an infectious complication in 9% to 65% of patients delivered by cesarean section. The risk of developing endometritis is greater in the high-risk emergent patient as compared to routine repeat abdominal deliveries. This study describes the incidence of endometritis following cesarean section delivery in different patient groups at the University of Virginia Hospital during a 1-year period and reviews the literature on the efficacy and risks of prophylactic antibiotics in this setting. Of patients not receiving antibiotic prophylaxis, 11 (<1%) of 1,461 normal spontaneous vaginal delivery patients, 7 (16.7%) of 42 repeat and 39 (29.8%) of 131 emergent cesarean section patients developed endometritis. This contrasts to none of the 24 emergent patients who received antibiotic prophylaxis. The literature review shows multiple prospective well-designed and executed studies that demonstrate reliable decreases in the incidence of endometritis with short course antibiotic prophylaxis. Our conclusion is that short course antibiotic prophylaxis is a safe, reproducible, cost-effective and indicated method of reducing the incidence of this costly and serious postoperative infection.

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Stancliffe, Roger J., Renáta Tichá, Sheryl A. Larson, Amy S. Hewitt et Derek Nord. « Responsiveness to Self-Report Interview Questions by Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disability ». Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 53, n^o 3 (1 juin 2015) : 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-53.3.163.

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Abstract An important line of research involves asking people with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) to self-report their experiences and opinions. We analyzed the responsiveness of 11,391 adult users of IDD services to interview questions from Section 1 of the 2008-2009 National Core Indicators-Adult Consumer Survey (NCI-ACS). Proxy responses were not allowed for the selected questions. Overall, 62.1% of participants answered the questions and were rated by interviewers as understanding the questions and as responding consistently. Most participants responded in an all-or-none fashion, answering either all or most questions or few to none. Individuals with milder levels of IDD and with speech as their primary means of expression were more likely to answer the questions and provide a scoreable response. Interviewer ratings of interviewees’ answering questions, understanding of questions, and consistent responding were each related to responsiveness.

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van Coller, Arthur. « Case Notes : Barnard Labuschagne Incorporated v South African Revenue Service [2022] ZACC 8 (11 March 2022) – The rescindability of a certified statement filed in terms of section 172 of the Tax Administration Act ». Journal of Corporate and Commercial Law & ; Practice, The 7, n^o 2 (2021) : 199–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/jccl/v7/i2a10.

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Csontos, Attila Sándor, Parwinder S. Grewal et Michael G. Klein. « Comparative Vertical Migration of Three Different Strains of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and a Single Strain of Heterorhabditis megidis in Sand at 25°C ». Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, n^o 11 (15 septembre 2003) : 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/11/3444.

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Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Heterorhabditis megidis) were tested for downward migration in 9.5 cm vertical sand columns at 25°C with and without a larva of the wax moth, Galleria mellonella, at the bottom. The number of infective juveniles (IJs) in the upper section decreased since the IJs gradually migrated down toward the Galleria larvae into the lower section of the shell vials. Only the isolate OH 25 behaved differently, because the number of IJs decreased this isolate in the lower section. This isolate was the quickest, since after 12 hrs, most IJs could be found in the lower section of the vials from this isolate. The number of IJs was so small in the lower section that 12 hrs after injection, only the isolates MHG 3 and OH 25 could kill the Galleria larvae.Besides the fact that mortality occurred among the Galleria larvae with the above isolates, neither IJs nor adults could be detected in either living or dead Galleria larvae 12 hrs after IJ injection. It is noteworthy that the behavior of the isolate Megidis was different from the other isolates: the number of IJs was so negligible in the lower section of the vials that even after 36 hrs none of the Galleria died and, consequently, neither adults nor IJs could be detected after dissecting the Galleria larvae. Each isolate could reach the lower section of the vials, yet only the isolate Megidis could not infect and kill the host. After dissecting the larvae, most IJs and adults could be found in the isolate MHG 3 (95 IJs and adults altogether) 36 hrs after injection.

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Steinbok, Paul, Rajeev Kariyattil et Andrew E. MacNeily. « COMPARISON OF SECTION OF FILUM TERMINALE AND NON-NEUROSURGICAL MANAGEMENT FOR URINARY INCONTINENCE IN PATIENTS WITH NORMAL CONUS POSITION AND POSSIBLE OCCULT TETHERED CORD SYNDROME ». Neurosurgery 61, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2007) : 550–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000290902.07943.e6.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE Patients with persistent urinary incontinence and a normal location of the conus on magnetic resonance imaging scans may have occult tethered cord syndrome (OTCS). We compare outcomes in such patients after filum section versus nonoperative treatment. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of children with refractory urinary incontinence and normal location of the conus who were offered section of the filum for treatment of possible OTCS. RESULTS Eight children, aged 4.4 to 9.8 years, underwent filum section, with one child undergoing two such operations. Clinical urological improvement occurred in seven children at a mean follow-up period of 3.1 years, with improved urodynamic findings in four of the seven children tested postoperatively. Other non-urological back or lower limb abnormalities improved in five out of six children with such findings. None of the patients underwent additional urological operations after filum section. Seven children, aged 3.1 to 13.5 years, all of whom had abnormal urodynamic findings, did not undergo filum section. At a mean follow-up period of 3.3 years, two patients had urological improvement and three patients had undergone bilateral ureteric reimplantations. Other non-urological back and/or lower limb abnormalities were present in five patients and did not improve. One patient had the filum cut after 8 years and improved thereafter. CONCLUSION Section of the filum in children with refractory urinary incontinence and OTCS may produce better urological outcomes than continued medical management. A definitive answer to the question of whether section of the filum is better than non-neurosurgical medical management for children with OTCS awaits the conclusion of a randomized controlled trial.

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Schloemann, Hannes, et Christian Pitschas. « WTO Customs Valuation Agreement : Customs Value of Goods Imported as Gifts ». Global Trade and Customs Journal 8, Issue 1 (1 janvier 2013) : 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2013001.

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This paper addresses the issue of how to determine the customs value of goods that are imported as genuine gifts, that is, goods that are neither the subject of an export sale nor sold in the country of importation. The goods used as an example for purposes of the analysis are publications and electronic media (e.g., CD, DVD and Video) of denomination-specific religious content, imported and then passed on free of charge to believers and/or the general public based on religious, non-commercial motives. This paper argues that the customs value of such goods has to be determined based on Article 7 of the Customs Valuation Agreement, which sets forth the fall-back method, since none of the other customs valuation methods under the Customs Valuation Agreement is applicable to the aforementioned goods due to their non-commercial nature. The customs valuation of the goods in question based on the fall-back method involves a modified application of the computed value method, excluding an amount for profit given that these goods are not the subject of commercial sales transactions. This paper is structured as follows: section A briefly explains the link between customs valuation and market access commitments undertaken by WTO Members. Section B provides an overview of the two key principles underlying the Customs Valuation Agreement, namely transaction value and the sequential order of application of customs valuation methods. Sections C and D assess whether the customs value of the goods at issue can be established on the basis of the customs valuation methods set out in Articles 1-6 of the Customs Valuation Agreement. As this assessment leads to the conclusion that none of these methods is applicable in the present case, section D deals with the application of the fall-back method.

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Vince, A. « Appendix V : Report on the Thin-Sections of Pottery and Clay from Sarn-Y-Bryn-Caled and Coed-Y-Dinas ». Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 60, S1 (1994) : 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00078373.

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Samples of fired clay (L595), Peterborough Ware (L596. LS97, L598) and Beaker pottery (L599-602) were submitted for examination. They were studied using a x20 binocular microscope and in thin-section. The thin-sections were prepared using Dickson’s Method of saining, which distinguishes various types of carbonaie, although in this case none of the samples contained calcareous inclusions.The dun sections were examined using a standardised procedure and die abundance, maximum size and any relevant comments were recorded for the following inclusion types:

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Reitemeier, Paul J. « Rights and Strikes in Healthcare ». Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9, n^o 4 (octobre 2000) : 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100904018.

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The bioethics literature on collective labor protest actions by health professionals is modest and recent, focusing almost exclusively on strike actions—although that is beginning to change. The essays in this special section of the Cambridge Quarterly seek to further explore many of the key ethical issues in some detail. The authors analyze existing ethical tensions and propose responses (none presume to call them solutions) to the increasingly hostile conflicts between licensed health professionals and the new corporate management of healthcare organizations.

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