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Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 11 mars 2023

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1

Hepworth, Dale K. Lower Sevier and Lower Beaver drainages management plan, hydrologic units 16030005 and 16030008. Salt Lake City, Utah : Utah Dept. of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources, 2007.

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2

A, Jones M. Delineation of hydrogeologic units in the lower Dungeness River Basin, Clallam County, Washington. Tacoma, Wash : U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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3

A, Jones M. Delineation of hydrogeologic units in the lower Dungeness River Basin, Clallam County, Washington. Tacoma, Wash : U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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4

A, Jones M. Delineation of hydrogeologic units in the lower Dungeness River Basin, Clallam County, Washington. Tacoma, Wash : U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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5

Ottenbacher, Michael J. Upper Virgin, Fort Pierce Wash, Lower Virgin drainages management plan hydrologic units 1501008, 15010009, 15010010. Salt Lake City, Utah : Utah Dept. of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources, 2007.

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6

Health, Uganda Ministry of. Guidelines on the use of conditional grants for lower level NGO health units from the poverty action fund. Kampala] : The Republic of Uganda, Ministry of Health, 1999.

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7

Blight, D. F. Economic potential of the lower Fortescue Group and adjacent units in the southern Hamersley Basin : A study of depositional environments. Perth : Geological Survey of Western Australia, 1985.

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8

Powars, David S. The effects of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater on the geological framework and correlation of hydrogeologic units of the Lower York-James Peninsula, Virginia. Washington, [D.C] : U.S. G.P.O., 1999.

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9

Frankel, Richard J. Evaluation of pilot water treatment units using inexpensive local material as filter media for supplying drinking water to rural communities in the Lower Mekong Basin countries. Bangkok, Thailand : The Committee, 1989.

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10

Geological Survey (U.S.), dir. Fracture history of the Redwall Limestone, lower Supai Group, and Tertiary units on the Hualapai Indian Reservation, northwestern Arizona : Additional data to open-file report 87-359. [Denver, Colo.?] : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1989.

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11

Ward, Lauck W. Biostratigraphic analysis of the Chowan River Formation (Upper Pliocene) and adjoining units, the Moore House Member of the Yorktown Formation (Upper Pliocene) and the James City Formation (Lower Pleistocene). Martinsville : Virginia Museum of Natural History, 1993.

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12

Leatherberry, Earl C. Forest statistics for Michigan's northern lower peninsula unit, 1993. St. Paul, Minn. (1992 Folwell Ave., St. Paul 55108) : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1994.

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13

North Central Forest Experiment Station (Saint Paul, Minn.), dir. Forest statistics for Michigan's southern lower peninsula unit, 1993. St. Paul, Minn. (1992 Folwell Ave., St. Paul 55108) : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1994.

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14

Birdsey, Paul W. Lower Delores [i.e. Dolores] drainage management plan hydrologic unit 14030004. Salt Lake City, Utah : Utah Dept. of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources, 2007.

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15

Hagan, Kathleen. Kankakee-Lower Wabash River Basin fourteen-digit hydrologic unit mileages. Indianapolis, Ind.] : Indiana Dept. of Environmental Management, Office of Water Management, Assessment Branch, Surveys Section, 2000.

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16

Office, General Accounting. Medicare : Fewer and lower cost beneficiaries with chronic conditions enroll in HMOs : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Health, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : The Office, 1997.

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17

Office, General Accounting. Medicare : Physician incentive payments by prepaid health plans could lower quality of care : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Health, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : GAO, 1988.

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18

Sloto, Ronald A. Simulation of ground-water flow in the lower sand unit of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Penn : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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19

A, Sloto Ronald. Simulation of ground-water flow in the lower sand unit of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Penn : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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20

A, Sloto Ronald. Simulation of ground-water flow in the lower sand unit of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Penn : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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21

A, Sloto Ronald. Simulation of ground-water flow in the lower sand unit of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Penn : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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22

A, Sloto Ronald. Simulation of ground-water flow in the lower sand unit of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Penn : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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23

A, Sloto Ronald. Simulation of ground-water flow in the lower sand unit of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Penn : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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24

Parliament, Great Britain. Canada government : A bill to re-unite the provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada, and for the government of the united province. [London : HMSO, 2001.

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25

Wesbury, Carl. Th e effect of NPRA (Northern Partners Record of Achievement) unit award scheme on performance of lower band science pupils at a South Birmingham comprehensive school. Birmingham : University of Central England in Birmingham, 2000.

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26

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Water and Power. Oregon Resource Conservation Act, Little Butte/Bear Creek subbasins in Oregon, Newlands Project headquarters, Lower Rio Grande Valley, and Glendo Unit of the Missouri River : Hearing before the Subcommittee on Water and Power of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, on S. 166, S. 251, S. 310, S. 519, S. 592, April 19, 2005. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 2005.

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27

Britain, Great. An act to repeal so much of an act of the third and fourth years of Her present Majesty, to re-unite the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the government of Canada, as relates to the use of the English language in instruments relating to the Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, 14th August 1848. London : G.E. Eyre and W. Spottiswoode, 2003.

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28

Barnes, Rosemary A., et Matthijs Backx. Fungal infections in intensive therapy units. Sous la direction de Christopher C. Kibbler, Richard Barton, Neil A. R. Gow, Susan Howell, Donna M. MacCallum et Rohini J. Manuel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755388.003.0036.

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Invasive candidiasis remains the main cause of invasive fungal disease in the intensive care unit. The risk of infection is often overestimated and most units will have incidences of 1–2% or lower. Units with higher incidences may have specific geographical and epidemiological factors, or may need to address infection control issues contributing to transmission. Routine use of prophylaxis or empiric therapy is not warranted at this level of disease. Discriminatory risk factors for this low incidence of disease are poorly defined and Candida specific biomarkers have not been validated for pre-emptive therapy. Insights into human response to invasive fungal disease gained from proteomic and genomic studies will increase our understanding, enabling us to target fungal diagnostics and antifungal treatments more accurately.

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29

de Carvalho, Mamede, et Michael Swash. Neurophysiology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor degenerations. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0022.

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Electromyography is critical for the diagnosis of motor neuron disease, as its findings exclude mimicking disorders, and confirm signs of widespread motor unit loss and reinnervation. In chronic conditions the slow disease course allows giant, stable motor unit potentials to appear. In contrast, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the rapid degenerative process is characterized by signs of denervation and unstable motor unit potentials, where motor units become dysfunctional before having time to sustain very large reinnervated motor unit potentials. Fasciculation potentials are observed in both conditions. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis fasciculation potentials are important supporting electrodiagnostic evidence, permitting earlier diagnosis. Many methods have been developed to quantify and monitor the lower motor neuron pool, but few have been used in clinical trials. Their role as tools to follow interventions or to interpret pathogenesis remains incompletely explored. Electromyography is a sensitive and reliable test in the diagnosis and assessment of motor neuron diseases.

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30

Fracture history of the Redwall Limestone, lower Supai Group, and Tertiary units on the Hualapai Indian Reservation, northwestern Arizona : Additional data to open-file report 87-359. [Denver, Colo.?] : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1989.

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31

Nine, Cara. Sharing Territories. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833628.001.0001.

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Territorial rights are shared between overlapping political units, not exclusively held by states. This book takes this claim to be both an empirical observation and a philosophical goal. A theory of territorial rights should be able to inform the normative relationship between overlapping territorial units. In order to do this, Nine’s view defends a river model of territorial rights. On a river model, political units are assumed to be interdependent and overlapping. This model stands in contrast to the prevailing desert island model, where political units are assumed to be independent and distinct from each other. Drawing on Pufendorf’s natural law philosophy and feminist theory, Nine’s view argues for the establishment of foundational territories around geographical areas like rivers. Usually lower-scale political entities, foundational territories overlap with and serve as grounding blocks of larger territorial units. Examples of foundational territories include not just river catchment areas but also urban areas, drawn around individuals who hold obligations to collectively manage their surroundings together. Foundational territorial authorities manage spatially integrated areas where agents are interconnected by dense and scaffolded physical circumstances. In these areas, individuals cannot fulfil their natural obligations to each other without the help of collective rules. Because foundational territories overlap the territories of other political units, this book frames a theory of nested and shared territorial rights.

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32

Kahn, Jeremy M. Long-term weaning centres in critical care. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0384.

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Successfully weaning patients from prolonged mechanical ventilation requires the varied expertise of a dedicated multidisciplinary care team. Traditionally, this care was provided in acute care hospitals, increasingly these patients are transferred to specialized weaning centres. These may improve patient outcomes by concentrating weaning expertise in a low-acuity environment and implementing protocols for liberation from mechanical ventilation. However, these centres might also worsen patient outcomes because they typically offer less intense nurse and physician staffing compared with traditional intensive care units. Generally, the clinical evidence is mixed, with the best studies suggesting that weaning centres offer similar outcomes as acute care hospitals, but at lower costs. Health systems also might stand to gain from dedicated weaning centres, because they can release intensive care unit beds for more acutely-ill patients. Many gaps remain in our understanding of which patients should be transferred to dedicated weaning centres, the optimal timing of transfer, and the best approach to care for patients in this highly specialized setting.

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33

Ratel, Sébastien, et Craig A. Williams. Neuromuscular fatigue. Sous la direction de Neil Armstrong et Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0009.

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Scientific evidence supports the proposition that prepubertal children fatigue less than adults when performing whole-body dynamic activities like maximal cycling, running bouts, and maximal voluntary isometric/isokinetic muscle contractions. Although the mechanisms underpinning differences in fatigue between children and adults are not all fully understood, there is a consensus that children experience less peripheral fatigue (i.e. muscular fatigue) than their older counterparts. Central factors may also account for the lower fatigability in children. Some studies report a higher reduction of muscle voluntary activation during fatiguing exercise in prepubertal children compared to adults. This could reflect a strategy of the central nervous system aimed at limiting the recruitment of motor units, in order to prevent any extensive peripheral fatigue. Further studies are required to clarify this proposition.

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34

Tenney, James. META Meta ⌿ Hodos. Sous la direction de Larry Polansky, Lauren Pratt, Robert Wannamaker et Michael Winter. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038723.003.0007.

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James Tenney introduces a number of propositions, along with corresponding definitions and comments, concerning perceptual organization, musical parameters, formal perception and description, and entropy as a measure of variation. Among these propositions are: temporal gestalt-units (TGs) are formed at several different hierarchical levels during the process of musical perception; the perceptual formation of TGs at any hierarchical level is determined by a number of factors of cohesion and segregation, the most important of which are proximity and similarity; pitch, timbre, and (musical) time are not simply one-dimensional parameters, because each includes at least two relatively independent “subparameters”; the perception of form at any hierarchical level involves the apprehension of three distinct aspects of form at that and all lower levels—state, shape, and structure; the statistical entropy of an ergodic TG is zero.

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35

Kobayashi, Leslie M., et Raul Coimbra. Pathophysiology and causes of lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0179.

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Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB), presenting as melena or haematochezia, is a common cause of emergency department visits and hospital admission, and is responsible for significant health care expenditure in the United States. LGIB is increasing in frequency and is particularly prevalent among the elderly, where polypharmacy and anticoagulants can both cause and exacerbate LGIB. The most common causes of LGIB are diverticulosis, haemorrhoids, and both benign and malignant masses. However, when occurring in the intensive care unit, more unusual causes, such as ischaemic colitis and solitary rectal ulcer, should be strongly considered.

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36

Chanmugam, Arjun S., et Gino Scalabrini. Urinary Tract Infections in Women. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0037.

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) refer to a urine culture yielding a minimum of 100 to 10,000 bacteria units/mm of urine usually from a clean catch midstream sample. This can result from infection of the lower urinary tract involving the bladder (cystitis) or an infection of the upper urinary tract involving the kidneys (pyelonephritis). Uncomplicated UTIs occur in healthy, pre-menopausal, non-pregnant women with a normal urinary tract who have a high likelihood to respond favorably to treatment, but consider local antibiotic resistance patterns. Complicated UTIs occur in women with coexisting pathology, anatomical abnormality, underlying comorbidity, or immunocompromise. Untreated UTIs can progress to pyelonephritis and urosepsis. Asymptomatic bacteriuria for pregnant women can progress very quickly; pyelonephritis carries increased risk of perinatal and neonatal mortality. Pregnant patients should be treated with cephalexin, amoxicillin, or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (avoiding fluoroquinolones).

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37

Bienvenu, O. Joseph. Depressive Mood States Following Critical Illness. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0020.

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Patients with critical illnesses treated in intensive care units face severe physical and psychic stresses, and survivors often have financial and other burdens. The prevalence of depressive mood states in survivors varies by measure and follow-up time, but the median prevalence across >30 studies was 28% (mostly measured within a year of critical illness). Severe depressive states (e.g. major depressive episodes) are less common than minor depressive states. Risk factors include female sex, lesser educational attainment, unemployment, and medical and psychiatric comorbidity. Potential critical illness/intensive care-related risk factors include severity of organ failure, high-dose benzodiazepine administration, longer ICU stays, stressful ICU experiences, and early post-intensive care distress. Depressive symptoms in survivors are associated with impaired physical function, other psychiatric morbidity, cognitive and work difficulties, and lower health-related quality of life. Research is needed to evaluate the preventive or therapeutic role of psychological interventions during intensive care and psychological recovery programmes.

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38

Mosby. Radiographic Anatomy, Positioning and Procedures : Unit 6 : Lower Limb (Extremity) CD-ROM. Mosby Elsevier Health Science, 1996.

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39

Jadoul, Michel, Laura Labriola et Eric Goffin. Viral infections in patients on dialysis. Sous la direction de Jonathan Himmelfarb. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0271.

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From the early days of hemodialysis, viral hepatitis has been recognized as common in dialyzed patients.The prevalence and incidence of HBV infection have decreased markedly over the last decades in HD units. Still, the infectivity of HBV is very high. Vaccinating HD patients, preferably prior to starting dialysis, together with the strict application of hygienic precautions and adequate screening of blood donors remains required, together with the segregation of infective (HBV+) patients in a separate dialysis ward. The level of aminotransferases is markedly lower in HD patients than in the general population: any level above the normal range should thus trigger the suspicion of acute hepatitis (viral or not). The treatment of HBV infection in HD patients is rarely required, unless they are scheduled for a kidney transplant.Screening for HCV infection usually relies on a modern ELISA test. The prevalence and incidence of HCV infection in HD patients has also decreased substantially but remains higher than in the general population. The risk of post-transfusional HCV is currently extremely low, at least in western countries. The actual application of basic hygienic precautions is crucial if nosocomial transmission of HCV is to be prevented. These include optimal hand hygiene practices (hydroalcoholic solution use before contact with patient and after gloves withdrawal), the systematic wearing of gloves, to be changed between patients/stations, an adequate separation of the clean and contaminated items and circuits within the HD unit, and regular cleaning/disinfection of potentially contaminated surfaces. The necessity and usefulness to isolate HCV positive patients in a separate dialysis ward has not been demonstrated and is not recommended by current KDIGO guidelines. The field of the treatment of HCV infection is changing rapidly with many orally active drugs, some of which can be used even in dialysis patients.

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40

Rose, Rachel. Dog Lover Unit : Lessons in Courage from the World's K9 Cops. St. Martin's Press, 2017.

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41

Quint, David. Light, Vision, and the Unity of Book 3. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161914.003.0005.

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This chapter looks at book 3 of Paradise Lost, which sets apart an invisible God and heaven from the visible universe, divine light from sunlight. Book 3 points to a contrast between the internal illumination invoked by the blind poet and an Apollonian solar inspiration that motivates the poetry of paganism. In the episode of the Paradise of Fools, the book further criticizes—with a particular eye toward Catholic practice—the tendency of men and women to read back through analogy from God's and their own visible works to the invisible Creator, and to confuse the two. Yet, in distinguishing God's lower works from God and his heaven, Milton knows that he risks unlinking creation from Creator altogether, as do the book's alchemical philosophers, and as Satan does when he later suggests to Eve that the sun, not God, is the power source that gives life, as well as light, to the universe.

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42

Rose, Rachel. The Dog Lover Unit : Lessons in Courage from the Worlds K9 Cops. Blackstone Audiobooks, 2017.

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43

The dog lover unit : Lessons in courage from the world's K9 cops. Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin's Press, 2017.

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44

Rose, Rachel. The Dog Lover Unit : Lessons in Courage from the World's K-9 Cops. Blackstone Pub, 2017.

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45

Willumsen, David M. The Acceptance of Party Unity in Parliamentary Democracies. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805434.001.0001.

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The central argument of this book is that voting unity in European legislatures is not primarily the result of the ‘disciplining’ power of the leadership of parliamentary parties, but rather the result of a combination of ideological homogeneity through self-selection into political parties and the calculations of individual legislators about their own long-term benefits. Despite the central role of policy preferences in the subsequent behaviour of legislators, preferences at the level of the individual legislator have been almost entirely neglected in the study of parliaments and legislative behaviour. The book measures these using an until now under-utilized resource: parliamentary surveys. Building on these, the book develops measures of policy incentives of legislators to dissent from their parliamentary parties, and show that preference similarity amongst legislators explains a very substantial proportion of party unity, yet alone cannot explain all of it. Analysing the attitudes of legislators to the demands of party unity, and what drives these attitudes, the book argues that what explains the observed unity (beyond what preference similarity would explain) is the conscious acceptance by MPs that the long-term benefits of belonging to a united party (such as increased influence on legislation, lower transaction costs, and better chances of gaining office) outweigh the short-terms benefits of always voting for their ideal policy outcome. The book buttresses this argument through the analysis of both open-ended survey questions as well as survey questions on the costs and benefits of belonging to a political party in a legislature.

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46

Neligan, Patrick J., et John G. Laffey. Obstetric physiology and special considerations in ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0365.

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Pregnant patients constitute less than 1% of intensive care unit admissions, and fewer than 1% of obstetric patients become critically ill. Critical illness may result from pregnancy-specific diseases, diseases that pregnancy predisposes to, or are co-incidental to pregnancy. The presence of a second patient—the foetus—may necessitate adjustments to therapeutic and supportive strategies. However, the foetus is generally robust despite maternal illness. The physiological changes of pregnancy are significant, but may delay the diagnosis of critical illness, requiring modifications to standard management approaches. These include increases in minute ventilation, resulting in a ‘low normal’ PaCO2, a reduction in mean arterial pressure, but increased heart rate, low serum creatinine, relative hypoglycaemia, relative leukocytosis, and reduced lower oesophageal sphincter tone. Pre-eclampsia is a disease of the uteroplacental unit that results in abnormal maternal physiology. Pregnant women are at risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome, due to gastropulmonary aspiration and increased risk of community-acquired pneumonia, sepsis, principally of the genito-urinary system, and thromboembolic disease.

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47

Otsuka, Michael, et Alex Voorhoeve. Equality Versus Priority. Sous la direction de Serena Olsaretti. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199645121.013.1.

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We discuss two leading theories of distributive justice: egalitarianism and prioritarianism. The former holds that unchosen inequality is in itself bad because it is unfair; the latter denies that inequality is in itself bad, but holds that a given increment in well-being has greater moral value, the lower the level of well-being from which it takes place. We argue that the most plausible versions of these views are “hybrids”: they are concerned with both people’s expected well-being and their final well-being. We also argue that such hybrid egalitarianism is superior to a hybrid prioritarianism because it more fully satisfies a key requirement of distributive justice: respect for both the unity of the individual and the separateness of persons.

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48

Oregon Resource Conservation ACT, Little Butte/Bear Creek Subbasins in Oregon, Newlands Project Headquarters, Lower Rio Grande Valley, and Glendo Unit. Not Avail, 2005.

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49

Journal, nerds. Composition Notebook : Sarcastic Nerd Loner Sarcasm Funny Humor - Introverts Unite Premium Journal/Notebook Blank Lined Ruled 6x9 100 Pages. Independently Published, 2020.

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50

Eriksson, Olle, Anders Bergman, Lars Bergqvist et Johan Hellsvik. Ultrafast Switching Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788669.003.0011.

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The time-integrated amount of data and stored information, is doubled roughly every eighteen months, and since the majority of the worlds information is stored in magnetic media, the possibility to write and retrieve information in a magnetic material at ever greater speed and with lower energy consumption, has obvious benefits for our society. Hence the seemingly simple switching of a magnetic unit, a bit, is a crucial process which defines how efficiently information can be stored and retrieved from a magnetic memory. Of particular interest here are the concepts of ultrafast magnetism and all-optical control of magnetism which have in recent decades become the basis for an intense research field. The motivation is natural; the mechanisms behind these phenomena are far from trivial and the technological implications are huge.

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