Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Local government – Italy »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Local government – Italy"
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Parszewski, Kazimierz. « CONTEMPORARY LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN POLAND AND THE EUROPEAN UNION ». sj-economics scientific journal 8 (30 juin 2011) : 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.58246/sjeconomics.v8i.488.
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This work presents modern local governments in Poland and selected European countries. This paper shows the local power structure, organizations and their competences as well as tasks and Government control. There are also indicated values of local democracy of the European Charter of local self government and legal problems of territorial self – government in Italy, France, Germany, Spain, Austria and Belgium.
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Spence, R. E. « Institutional reform in Italy : The case of local government ». Local Government Studies 19, no 2 (juin 1993) : 226–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03003939308433677.
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Zuffada, Elena. « The interrelated roles of the regional and local government in developing local partnerships in Italy ». dms – der moderne staat – Zeitschrift für Public Policy, Recht und Management 1, no 2 (10 décembre 2008) : 359–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/dms.v1i2.07.
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Building partnerships is becoming an important issue at the local level of government in many countries. Different experiences can be traced throughout Europe, as well as in other OECD countries. This is because partnerships, especially in small local authorities, can help to manage services in a more efficient and effective way. Nevertheless, building a relationship is difficult, nor is it always successful, as many scholars emphasise. For a number of reasons, higher levels of government may then play a significant role in supporting partnerships between different stakeholders. Given the shortage of empirical studies on this subject, this paper combines conceptual and empirical analysis, and is based upon: • the direct observation of a number of partnerships in Italy, with particular reference to those Regions in which the birth and the development of partnerships have been positively influenced by the regional level of government; • surveys of other partnerships which have been formalised in Italy; • a literature review and the analysis of official documents. The issues analysed in this article are the critical aspects of partnership building, and the role played by higher levels of government in activating or facilitating partnerships. It is in fact clear that higher levels of government may gain considerable benefit from the development of partnerships at the local level. Some consideration will also be given to institutional reforms in Italy, since a relevant part of the reform effort is meant to redesign the distribution of responsibilities between the different levels of government. Finally, the paper deals with comparative aspects, and investigates the existence of common patterns and trends in the different regional experiences examined.
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Caperchione, Eugenio. « Local government accounting system reform in italy : a critical analysis ». Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & ; Financial Management 15, no 1 (mars 2003) : 110–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-15-01-2003-b007.
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Copus, Colin, et Kristof Steyvers. « Local Leadership and Local-Self Government : Avoiding the Abyss ». Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 15, no 1 (31 janvier 2017) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/15.1.1-18(2017).
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A series of trends have emerged across Europe which have stimulated change in local government, local democracy and local leadership particularly where local government and local leaders have had to respond to crisis, economic downturn and the pressures of public engagement in times of restraint and public service decline. The special issue of Lex Localis (14:4, 2016) explored those factors in countries as diverse as Iceland, Germany, Greece, Italy, Spain, the Czech and Slovak Republics and Poland, to provide valuable insights into the turbulent times within which local self-government is located. That issue of Lex Localis was drawn from two related sources: the ECPR joint sessions work shop in Warsaw on local political leadership in times of austerity and from papers produced for the LocRef Cost Action democratic renewal workgroup. The paper here presents a review of, and retrospective introduction to that special issue. But by also drawing on other sources it offers an exploration of the broad trends shaping the development of local government and also develops a commentary on the factors which stimulate or hinder the success of local leadership, local government and local democracy in challenging times.
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da Empoli, Domenico. « The Introduction of Federalism in Unitary States : The Case of Italy ». Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice 32, no 1 (1 avril 2014) : 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251569214x15664520275093.
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Abstract Among the great variety of fiscal institutions, a current tendency, probably favored by the globalization process, is that to increase the power of minor levels of government. This tendency was particularly emphasized in Europe in consequence of the transfer of powers from national governments to the European Union.A typical case of this decentralization process is that of Italy, a country that since its origin, in 1861, was based on the Napoleonic administrative centralization. In 2001, however, a constitutional reform decided that «The Republic is constituted by municipalities, provinces, metropolitan cities, regions and the State” (art. 114).Since that time, Italian regions, and more than 8000 local governments, started acting almost independently from the central government (from which they continued, however, to draw a great part of their financial resources).This situation appears to be proper of a kind of ‘anarchic polycentrism’ rather than fiscal federalism, with a lot of contradictions between decisions taken by the central government and those of the subcentral and local powers.This paper focuses on the bureaucratic and political shortcomings of the devolution of powers in a centralized and unitary state.
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Bracci, Enrico, et Mouhcine Tallaki. « Socio-environmental reporting trends in the Italian local government : Thrive or wither ? » FINANCIAL REPORTING, no 2 (septembre 2013) : 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/fr2013-002003.
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Social and environmental reporting (SER) in the public sector has been widelydiscussed in the last years (Gray et al., 1996; Mathews, 1997; Parker 2005; Guthrieand Abeysekera, 2006; Guarini, 2002; Hinna 2004; Marcuccio and Steccolini,2005). However, despite the interest in this area of research, there are still a numberof calls to deepen the study of SER in the public sector (Lewis, 2008; Grubnikand Ball, 2007). In Italy, the literature shows the risk of adopting SER as a managementfashion, more than a conscious process of organizational change (Marcuccioand Steccolini, 2005). This paper investigates about the reasons for theadoption and eventual abandonment of SER by local government in Italy.
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Bolgherini, Silvia. « Crisis-driven reforms and local discretion : an assessment of Italy and Spain ». Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 46, no 1 (16 octobre 2015) : 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipo.2015.23.
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The recent and still enduring global economic and financial crisis deeply impacted the institutional framework in Italy and Spain by prompting a series of reforms, which ultimately re-shaped the local government features. Based on a qualitative comparative analysis of recent reforms, the author shows that (directly and indirectly) crisis-driven provisions have significantly impacted the local levels and changed the central/local relations in both countries. During the years of crisis, a decrease in local discretion in its three main facets (fiscal, administrative, and political/functional) has taken place. This outcome could both allow for a better understanding of how central and local governments have interacted during the crisis and to contribute to the formulation of more general considerations on local discretion and central/local relations in Italy and Spain.
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Conti, Alessio, et Giovanni Vetritto. « ICT from Below : ELISA Program and the Innovation of Local Government in Italy ». International Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no 3 (9 avril 2019) : 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v7i3.4203.
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In the last two decades, there has been a shift in the fundamental paradigm of Public Administration, from New Public Management, characterized by a managerial, microeconomic and sectorial approach, to Multilevel Public Governance, characterized by an integrated, strategic and holistic approach. The current Multilevel Public Governance paradigm is particularly useful to study and to approach to the Italian local government sector, due to its extreme fragmentation that needs cooperation to overcome its limits. It is in this theoretical framework that we present the ELISA program and its efforts in modernizing the local administration with ICT… from below.ELISA program (Enti Locali – Innovazione di SistemA, Local Government – System Innovation) is a national government project for the innovation in the Public Administration, guided by the Department for Regional and Local Affairs. The project promotes innovative instruments to develop software and technological public platform in three different main fields: taxation and cadastre; info-mobility; quality of services. The ultimate goal is to increase the efficiency of the administrative structure and provide better and technologically advanced solutions to respond to the needs of the citizens.Considering the success of the ELISA program, the Department for Regional and Local Affairs, in cooperation with Politecnico di Milano and Invitalia s.p.a., activates the eGovernment Laboratory with the aim in guaranteeing the replicability and the uniform dissemination of the best solutions all along the country. One of its action lines is to develop and implement the Innovation Communities raised in connection with the best practises of the ELISA program. For this purpose, it encourages sustainable and innovative management models, which are able to spread significant benefits by passing on administrative skills and knowledge to other Public Administrations and, furthermore, promoting the implementation mechanism and the deployment of the experiences.For that to happen, system-oriented measures are needed in order to redefine the relationship between the Local Authorities and the Central Administration: the first ones have the task to identifying both problems and needs of their territories and design proper solutions accordingly; the second one has to guarantee constant and consistent funds, coordinate the actions and oversee the whole process. One example of system-oriented measure is ItaliAE project, a complex and technological program, financed by European structural funds and born to follow the implementation of the local authority reform provided for by the law n. 56/2014 and to support the transformation of the Italian administrative geography and to improving its efficiency.
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Körner, Axel. « Local Government and the Meanings of Political Representation : A Case Study of Bologna between 1860 and 1915 ». Modern Italy 10, no 2 (novembre 2005) : 137–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940500284168.
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SummarySince the early nineteenth century political opposition became a central concept of political representation in constitutional monarchies. While this concept marked the political language of unified Italy on the national level, in local administration the legitimacy of political opposition remained an issue of dispute, as illustrated in this analysis of the political language in Bologna's local council. Local perceptions of national events, like the government's reaction to Garibaldi's unsuccessful Mentana-campaign, assumed major symbolic meaning in local politics and challenged traditional understandings of municipal administration by introducing the concept of political opposition. In Bologna, after Rome the second city of the former Papal State, the Moderates were able to grow into a position of political hegemony after the Unification of Italy and remained the predominant political force also after Italy's “parliamentary revolution” of 1876 and the electoral reforms of the 1880s. As a consequence of its limited influence on the local administration, Bologna's Left defined its ideological profile earlier and more clearly than the Left in other parts of Italy and integrated issues of national importance into local political discourse. Analysing the relationship between central administration and periphery, the article reveals the development of political language and the changing meanings of political representation between Unification and World War One and explains on this basis the escalation of social and political conflict in Finesecolo Italy.
Thèses sur le sujet "Local government – Italy"
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Vasileiou, Ioannis. « The EU regional policy and its impact on two Mediterranean member states (Italy and Spain) ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1763/.
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The aim of EU Regional Policy is to intervene effectively in regions that “lag behind” in economic terms and to finance development programmes through the allocation of Structural Funds which operate in accordance with the principles of subsidiarity, additionality and partnership. This policy should allow regions to converge with EU averages in terms of income and employment. Italy and Spain provide very good examples within the EU as a whole, of significant economic disparities between regions that still appear to be present. We argue and provide substantial evidence of the fact that the persistence of such disparities is mainly due to inefficient administrative and institutional capacity at the regional level. Although some regions have brought themselves towards the average, in Italy and Spain, there is evidence that certain administrative, institutional and implementation problems have tended to appear, hampering the opportunities of regions to converge in the required way. Because of this, regional economic convergence and thereby socio-economic cohesion are still beyond reach. Two decades after the 1988 Reform of the Structural Funds, EU Regional Policy has only partially succeeded in reducing regional economic divergence within Italy and Spain, where regional economic inequalities still exist. Although we demonstrate that some regions have been able to move forward in the requisite way, it is questionable whether all of the support for these regions can actually be eliminated completely in the near future with the challenges that the EU faces, particularly in relation to the latest round of Enlargement.
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MAGGIONI, ALESSANDRO. « The regulation of urban logistics platforms. The urban governance of food wholesale markets in France and Italy : the case of Paris (Semmaris) and Milan (Sogemi) ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/222963.
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One of the elements that characterize the process of economic globalization is the development of freight logistics as a strategic sector to determine the competitive advantages of urban regions. This study analyses the link between market changes, state reorganisation and the development of urban logistics infrastructures. The entry point for this analysis is the study of the policies that have produced and governed over time two European wholesale food markets: the Marché d’Intérêt National of Rungis and the General Markets of Milan. The paired comparison of these two cases explains how market and state structural changes have influenced the constitutive elements of both infrastructural policies and why today two wholesale markets, which were initially very similar from an analytical point of view, have nowadays two very different policy outcomes. Using a theoretical and methodological approach based on the contributions of historical neo-institutionalism and urban political economy, the role of interest groups, political actors, policy rules and the market forces are linked to these divergent outcomes of present time. These factors are interrelated to explain the policy conversion observed for MIN Rungis and the policy drift in the case of Milan. Finally, the policy processes that led to policy changes that are explained in terms of causal mechanisms. The analysis highlights the central role of local policy rules and political context in determining the ability of local interest groups to influence decision-making processes, and the effect of their mobilization on the development of these urban infrastructures.
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Mori, A. « OUTSOURCING IN PUBLIC SERVICES. IMPACTS ON WORKING CONDITIONS AND EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS IN A THREE-COUNTRY TWO-SECTOR COMPARISON ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/274489.
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Over the past three decades, public administrations have been subject to a far-reaching restructuring towards outsourcing in a wide range of tasks and services. Under the pressure of increasing public debt, stricter spending constraints, shifting consumer preferences and the demand for higher value for money in an era of austerity, these organisations have differentiated the provision of services, opening the traditional public production and delivery to competition. The picture that emerged following these processes is strikingly various and patchy: public administrations across Europe, indeed, have adopted a wide set of market-type mechanisms, including public-private partnership, voucher system and contracting out (OECD 2011).
The restructuring process of public services provision towards outsourcing represents a tile within a broader mosaic of public administration reform, an ‘unending wave of reforms’ (Pollitt 2002) that has expanded progressively since the 1980s across all European governments under the label of New Public Management (NPM) (Hood 1991), suggesting uniformity and communality. This doctrine aimed to remove any difference between the public and the private sector as a way of increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of public services: thus governments imported in their public bureaucracies business-like tools and values, alongside with market-type mechanisms from the private sector.
Outsourcing stems precisely from NPM-inspired reform stream, as a market-type mechanism for saving government public funds (Savas 2000): opening service provision to market competition might achieve a cost reduction, since private providers in a competitive regime are expected to realize economies of scale and to raise effort or productivity with a given input/workforce-combination. Unquestionably, outsourcing has promoted a model of competition, but that is often largely based on the reduction of labour costs and not on the improvement of quality and innovation: empirical evidence increasingly emerged, arguing that cost savings may simply correspond either to reduced employment or to a fall in employment terms and conditions (Flecker and Hermann 2009).
This process, leading to complex changes in the organisation of work and employment conditions has been subject to growing scrutiny mainly across private sector firms (Flecker et al. 2005, Marchington et al. 2005, Flecker 2009, Perraudin et al. 2009). It has been assumed that external restructuring of companies, involving the dispersion of activities across organisational boundaries, has led to a degradation of working terms and conditions (Doellgast and Greer 2007, Flecker and Meil 2010), since it may trigger competition with a cheaper labour-supply, shifting work from highly unionized and better sheltered organisations to more vulnerable companies, subjects to market fluctuations, where trade union power is low or inexistent. The vertical disintegration presents substantial challenge to employment relation structure as well (Doellgast and Greer 2007), weakening the bargaining power of union while the dependency relations between companies along the value chain can be expected to translate into increased disparities and instability in terms of employment and working conditions (Flecker 2009).
Thus, drawing on varying approaches in the literature, the research aims to discuss the impacts of outsourcing on working conditions and employment relations structure in the public sector at a double comparative level: across countries and between public administration sub-sectors within each country. This multi-level comparative research design, indeed, enables to address the second main research question, that is whether implications following outsourcing process display convergent or divergent internal trajectories on the one side between different sectors within national frameworks and on the other side across different countries; and finally to identify which factors do intervene in explaining these patterns.
The underlying theoretical hypothesis is that national institutional arrangements and industrial relations regimes featuring each country may intervene in mediating the implications over labour and employment relations structures following outsourcing. Likewise, different legislative pressures, economic constraints affecting the sectors under scrutiny and sector-specific characteristics may lead to divergent implications between sub-sectors.
Hence I explore these issues through a case-study analysis of public services outsourcing across three countries ˗ Italy, England and Denmark as they each answer to a different industrial relations model ˗ and two sectors: health care sector and local government. Findings are based on an in-depth qualitative analysis carried out across the six case studies through 75 semi-structured interviews (25 conducted in Italy, 24 in England and 26 in Denmark): all the interviews were recorded, literally transcribed and content-analysed using the software tool ATLAS.ti and complemented by a documental analysis based on a wide range of secondary sources – such as academic literature, legislation, annual reports, internal PowerPoint presentations, collective agreements, practitioners’ reports, related surveys, employers’ associations and unions internal documents and newspaper articles.
Empirical evidence shows an overall picture dominated by growing fragmentation of employment conditions (Flecker 2010) and a deterioration of work. Employment has generally become more insecure (Huws and Podro 2012) and flexible, in terms of both working hours and workplace flexibility. Greater demands are placed on work tasks, including increasing workload due to understaffing, work intensification, higher speed in the work and the use of piecework (Flecker and Hermann 2009, Hasle et al. 2014).
Moreover, public administrations have deliberately exploited private sector regulations in order to escape expensive widely encompassing public-sector collective agreements under the pretext of raising competition: outsourcing was to a large extent driven by the search for lower wage rate paid by external contractors (Flecker and Herman 2011, Grimshaw, Rubery and Marino 2012).
Despite these convergent tendencies, implications for labour and industrial relations display clear national distinctiveness, mediated by the industrial relations model adopted in each country: thus evidence regarding Italian and Danish cases is less unambiguously negative since a system of employment relations with high collective bargaining coverage and strong union membership works as a buffer in protecting job terms and conditions during contracting out process (Petersen et al. 2011, Jaehrling 2014). Conversely, a regime which puts emphasis mainly on market adjustments and self-regulation, reducing in this way the role of employment regulation and organized labour institutions might pave the way to detrimental consequences for labour, since workforce is let free to compete in a market regime featured by weakness of employment relations structure and devoid of strong job protection as in England.
Divergent trajectories emerge between sectors as well: municipalities are more likely to outsource services with detrimental consequences for labour, compared to health care sector, because of the inherent pressure exercised by growing budget cut, legislative constraints to reduce public employment size, austerity measures and raising number of services to provide.
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FERRARESI, Massimiliano. « Responsiveness of local governments to financial and institutional reforms : evidence from Italy ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388975.
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This thesis proposes three distinct contribution to the field of economic analysis on local government. In particular, each of the three studies focuses on a specific Italian policy reform allowing us to analyze how it affects local fiscal policy decisions. In the first chapter we investigate the impact on expenditure of tax on principal dwellings before 2008 and the impact on expenditure of the grant which, after 2008, compensated for the abolition of the tax on principal dwellings. We setup a theoretical model in which the introduction of a political bias against taxation gives rise to the flypaper effect. If the public good is very important with respect to private consumption then an increase in the municipal size implies a decrease in the extent of the flypaper effect; the opposite happens if the public good is not important with respect to private consumption. We then test the hypotheses coming from the model by using data on Italian municipalities, focusing on two groups of expenditure: the principal expenditure, which are those essential to guarantee the minimum standard daily life of a municipality and the rest, defined as residual expenditure. We find that the flypaper effect holds for both kinds of expenditure, but decreases with respect to population in the case of principal expenditure and increases with respect to population in the case of residual expenditure. In the second chapter we setup a model in which the residents of two neighboring municipalities can use the services provided by public infrastructures located in both jurisdictions. If services are either complements or substitutes in use, the municipalities strategically interact when investing in infrastructures; moreover, when they differ in population size, the small municipality reacts more to the expenditure of its neighbor than the big one. The theoretical predictions are then tested by estimating the determinants of the stock of public infrastructures of the municipalities belonging to the Autonomous Province of Trento, in Italy. By introducing a spatial lag-error component, we find that municipalities positively react to an increase in infrastructures by their neighbors, but the effect tends to vanish above a given population threshold. Finally, in chapter 3 we use data for all Italian municipalities from 2001 to 2007 to empirically test the extent to which two different electoral rules, which hold for small and large municipalities, affect fiscal policy decisions at local level. Municipalities with fewer than 15,000 inhabitants elect their mayors in accordance with a single-ballot plurality rule where only one list can support her/him, while the rest of the municipalities uses a runoff plurality rule where multiple lists can support her/him. Per capita total taxes, charges and current expenditure in large municipalities are lower than in small ones if the mayor of the large municipality does not need a broad coalition to be elected, otherwise the use of a single- or double-ballot rule does not make any difference in the policy outcome.
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VAMPA, Davide. « The regional politics of welfare in Italy, Spain, and Great Britain : assessing the impact of territorial and left-wing mobilisations on the development of 'sub-state' social systems ». Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/37642.
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Defence date: 30 September 2015Examining Board: Professor Stefano Bartolini, EUI (Supervisor); Professor László Bruszt, EUI; Professor Maurizio Ferrera, Università degli Studi di Milano; Professor Jonathan Hopkin, London School of Economics and Political Science.
In recent years, a number of European countries have undergone important processes of territorial reconfiguration in the administration and delivery of social services. This has produced substantial divergences in the levels and types of welfare development across regions belonging to the same country. As a result, it has become increasingly difficult to talk about 'national welfare systems' or 'national social models' – although most of the mainstream welfare literature continues to do so. The aim of this study is to explore the political factors that explain cross-regional variation in the development of health care and social assistance policies in three countries that have witnessed the gradual strengthening of regions as arenas of social policy making: Italy, Spain and Great Britain. The research focus is on the effects of two political cleavages, centre-periphery and left-right, on sub-national social policy. The findings of the quantitative and qualitative analyses presented throughout this research suggest that the main driving force in the construction of sub-state welfare systems is the political mobilisation of territorial identities through the creation and electoral consolidation of regionalist parties. Indeed, such parties may use regional social policy to reinforce the sense of distinctiveness and territorial solidarity that exists in the communities they represent, thus further strengthening and legitimising their political role. Additionally, the centre-periphery cleavage may also affect relations across different organisational levels of 'statewide' parties and further increase the relevance of territoriality in welfare politics at the regional level. On the other hand, traditional left-right politics does not seem to play the central role that welfare theories focusing on 'nation-states' might lead us to expect. For left-wing parties, the regionalisation of social governance may present either an opportunity or a challenge depending on the role they play in national politics and on the characteristics of sub-national electoral competitors. Generally, mainstream centre-left parties are torn by the dilemma of maintaining uniformity and cohesion in social protection across the national territory and addressing the demands for more extensive and distinctive social services coming from specific regional communities.
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RANDERAAD, Nico. « Authority in search of liberty : the prefects in liberal Italy (1861-1895) ». Doctoral thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5951.
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Examining board: Prof. Sabino Cassese, Università "La Sapienza" di Roma ; Prof. Henk van Dijk, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam ; Prof. Guido Melis (co-supervisor), Università di Siena ; Prof. Raffaele Romanelli, Università di Pisa ; Prof. Stuart Woolf (supervisor), European University InstituteDefence date: 8 May 1992
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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CASTELLI, GATTINARA Pietro. « Electoral debates on integration and immigration in Italian local elections : Milan, Prato and Rome compared ». Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/33888.
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Defence date: 9 December 2014Examining Board: Professor Hanspeter Kriesi, EUI; Professor Rainer Bauböck, EUI; Professor Ruud Koopmans, Humboldt University; Professor Laura Morales, University of Leicester.
This research focuses on the politicization of immigration as an issue in local electoral campaigns, comparing the cases of three Italian cities. Based on the idea that immigration must not be understood as a one-dimensional category that parties endorse or dismiss, support or oppose, I investigate its multidimensional nature, and the importance of local factors and opportunities in determining public debates. Focusing on the dimensional choices and framing strategies of competing electoral actors, I propose an account of the different constitutive dimensions of immigration debates, and suggest that parties - next to competing over different issues - also compete with one another by selectively and strategically emphasizing different aspects of the same social reality. In particular, I identify three main dimensions of the immigration issue - the socioeconomic, cultural and religious, and law and order dimension - and seven specific frames corresponding to the arguments and justifications mobilized by political actors to articulate support and opposition to immigration. The construction of public agendas in electoral campaign periods is measured through an empirical content analysis of the coverage of local elections by newspapers and of local parties' electoral manifestos across two campaigns in the cities of Milan, Rome and Prato (2004-2011). The results show not only that debates in different local settings deal with immigration in substantively different ways, but also that parties' electoral strategies rely upon the thematic structure of the issue, exploiting immigration dimensions in order to increase the accessibility and resonance of their messages among local electorates. The results of this dissertation offer one of the first comprehensive analyses of an issue that has too often been considered "emerging" in party competition, showing that when the issue cannot be dismissed, actors compete on its constitutive dimensions by mobilizing aspects on which they enjoy a strategic advantage. These findings pave the way to connect this field of research with other promising areas within the social and political sciences, such as public opinion research and the study of mediatization and communication in party politics, providing new insights into electoral politics and campaigning.
Livres sur le sujet "Local government – Italy"
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Hewlett, Cecilia. Rural communities in Renaissance Tuscany : Religious identities and local loyalties. Turnhout : Brepols, 2008.
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Rural communities in Renaissance Tuscany : Religious identities and local loyalties. Turnhout : Brepols, 2008.
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Marco, De Nicolò, dir. Tra Stato e società civile : Ministero dell'interno, prefetture, autonomie locali. Bologna : Il mulino, 2006.
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Authority in search of liberty : The prefects in liberal Italy. Amsterdam : Thesis Publishers, 1993.
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Sicily and the unification of Italy : Liberal policy and local power, 1859-1866. Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1998.
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World Bank. Africa Regional Office. Technical Dept., Economic Development Institute (Washington, D.C.) et Istituto italo-africano, dir. Strengthening local governments in Sub-Saharan Africa : Proceedings of two workshops held in Poretta Terme, Italy, March 5-17, 1989. Washington, D.C : World Bank, 1989.
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Bologna, Chiara. Europa, regioni ed enti locali in Italia, Spagna e nel Regno Unito : Europe, regions and local government in Italy, Spain and United Kingdom. Bologna : CLUEB, 2010.
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Maggiora, Enrico. Il nuovo ordinamento delle autonomie locali. 3e éd. Firenze : Noccioli, 2000.
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Vandelli, Luciano. Ordinamento delle autonomie locali : Commento alla Legge 8 giugno 1990, n. 142 : norme complementari, documenti, schemi. Rimini : Magioli, 1990.
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Falcon, Giandomenico. Lo stato autonomista : Funzioni statali, regionali e locali nel Decreto legislativo n. 112 del 1998 di attuazione della Legge Bassanini n. 59 del 1997. Bologna : Società editrice il Mulino, 1998.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Local government – Italy"
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Grossi, Giuseppe, et Simone Cocciasecca. « Municipal Corporatisation in Italy ». Dans Corporatisation in Local Government, 291–313. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09982-3_13.
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Milch, Jerome. « IX. The PCF and Local Government : Continuity and Change ». Dans Communism in Italy and France, sous la direction de Donald L. M. Blackmer et Sidney Tarrow, 340–70. Princeton : Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400867387-013.
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Trono, Anna, Maria Chiara Zerbi et Valentina Castronuovo. « Urban Regeneration and Local Governance in Italy : Three Emblematic Cases ». Dans Local Government and Urban Governance in Europe, 171–92. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43979-2_9.
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Belotti, Sara. « Local and National Government Response Towards COVID-19 Pandemic in Lombardy, Italy ». Dans Local Government and the COVID-19 Pandemic, 299–317. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91112-6_12.
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Riboldazzi, Renzo. « The 2020 Pandemic Governance in Italy and Lombardy : Institutional Conflict in Health Emergency ». Dans Local Government and the COVID-19 Pandemic, 319–40. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91112-6_13.
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Graziano, Teresa. « COVID-19 and Multilevel Territorial Governance : Transcalar Patterns, Frictions of Competencies and Planning Conflicts in Italy ». Dans Local Government and the COVID-19 Pandemic, 277–98. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91112-6_11.
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Riboldazzi, Renzo. « Local Government Innovation in Italy and its Impact on Urban and Regional Planning with a Focus on the Milanese Context ». Dans Local Government and Urban Governance in Europe, 89–109. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43979-2_5.
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Trono, Anna, et Valentina Castronuovo. « Reorganisation of Businesses and Processes, and the Development of Policies to Safely Emerge from the Covid-19 Pandemic in Italy ». Dans Local Government and the COVID-19 Pandemic, 341–62. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91112-6_14.
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Padovani, Emanuele, et Silvia Iacuzzi. « Italy ». Dans Local Governments' Financial Vulnerability, 57–66. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003274278-7.
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Gallo, Paola. « Enable Environmental Policies for Eco-Industrial Growth : A Voluntary Government Tool for Local Productive Areas in Tuscany (Italy) ». Dans Renewable Energy in the Service of Mankind Vol I, 711–21. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17777-9_64.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Local government – Italy"
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Fratini, Fabio, Manuela Mattone et Silvia Rescic. « The building materials of “Colle del Melogno” Central Fort (Liguria, Italy) ». Dans FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia : Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11544.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Melogno pass (Colle del Melogno) is located at 1026 m above sea level, between the high Val Bormida and the hinterland of the Finalese (province of Savona) and is one of the highest mountain passes in the Ligurian Alps. In ancient times, this zone was considered strategically important from the military point of view since it is located at the crossroads of many communication routes. In these areas, in November 1795, during the “Battle of Loano”, the French army, commanded by Andrea Massena and the allied army of Austria, prevailed over the Kingdom of Sardinia, led by Oliver Remigius von Wallis. However, the territory remained possession of the Kingdom of Sardinia and, between 1883 and 1895, the worsening of relations with France induced the government to erect, near the pass, three imposing fortifications (Tortagna, Settepani and Centrale) to prevent an entry into Piedmont by armies coming from the coast. For the same purpose other fortifications were erected near the passes of Tenda, Nava, Turchino and near the villages of Zuccarello, Altare and Vado. The most impressive among the three fortifications of Melogno pass is the Central Fort. It occupies all the saddle of the pass and it is crossed by the provincial road 490 connecting the coast of Finale Ligure to Piedmont. The fort, still of military property, is a listed historical artefact. It has a polygonal shape, with a main barrack developed on two floors. Four defensive and attacking emplacements were located outside the main complex, along a detached hill, with heavy artillery pointed towards the coast. The study will examine the natural and artificial stone materials used for the building through mineralogical and petrographic analysis and will verify both the variations occurred during the construction phases and the relations with the local supply sources.
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Sabyrbekov, Rahat. « Software Development in Kyrgyzstan : Potential Source of Economic Growth ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00256.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In recent years, software development in the Kyrgyz Republic demonstrated 60-70% growth rate. Kyrgyz software products are exported to Central Asian neighbors and to the Western countries such as Italy, Australia and Holland. With the highest Internet penetration in the region and pool of qualified staff Kyrgyzstan has real chances to sustain the growth rate of the industry. Moreover, the cheap labor creates comparative advantage for local software producers. The break-up the Soviet Union lead to bankruptcies of traditional industries in the Kyrgyz Republic and thousands of highly qualified engineers were left unemployed. Simultaneously since independence Kyrgyz government implemented number of reforms to encourage development of Information and Communication Technologies which lead to the establishment of ICT infrastructure in the region.
The paper analyzes the development trend of the software production industry in the Kyrgyz Republic. We will also overview international experience as in the leading software producers as well as in neighboring countries. The study also builds projections for the next decade and draw on certain policy implications. In addition the paper will provide policy recommendations. The data used is from by the Association on IT companies, questionnaires, National Statistics Committee, Word Bank and Asian Development Bank.
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« Emerging Trends in Local Governments Web Strategies - Citizen Web Empowerment Assessment in Italy ». Dans International Conference on e-Business. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004528902560263.
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Ruggeri, Gaetano, et Luigi Brusa. « Management of Radioactive Waste and Materials Arising From the Decommissioning of Italian Nuclear Power Plants ». Dans ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1183.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Scope of the paper is to summarise the experience about management of materials arising from decommissioning of Italian NPPs, and to illustrate criteria, procedures and systems, which Sogin is defining to manage the problem of the clearance of sites and materials, considering the international experience and boundary conditions existing in the Country. Since 1962 Enel (the largest Italian utility for electric power) has operated the four Italian nuclear power plants: Garigliano (160 MWe BWR), Latina (210 MWe GCR), Trino (270 MWe PWR) and Caorso (882 MWe BWR). These NPPs were shutdown in the 80’s: Garigliano NPP was shutdown in 1982 following a decision made by Enel, based on technical and economical reasons, Latina, Trino and Caorso NPPs following decisions made by the Italian Government after the Chernobyl accident. The “deferred decommissioning (SAFSTOR)” was the decommissioning strategy selected by Enel and approved by the competent Authorities, due to the lack of a repository for the disposal of radioactive materials and of release limits for clearance of materials. Activities have been started aimed at reaching the “Safe Enclosure” condition, which would have lasted for some decades, before final dismantling of plants. In 1999 the liberalisation of the Italian electricity market led Enel to separate its nuclear activities, forming a new Company, named Sogin, to which decommissioning Italian NPPs was committed. At the same time, considering pressures, both at national and local level, to adopt the “prompt decommissioning (DECON)” strategy, in December 1999 the Italian Minister of Industry, with the intent to accelerate the dismantling of Italian NPPs, presented the plans to create a national repository for nuclear waste, and asked Sogin to revise the decommissioning plans, according to the new global strategy, taking into account all the relevant technical, organisational, financial and legislative aspects of the problem. As the DECON strategy enhances the importance of “clean-up” both of sites and materials, the related aspects are held in due consideration in developing the decommissioning plans, which deal with the following: • characterisation of plant systems, components and structures; • decontamination and dismantling techniques; • monitoring of dismantled materials for clearance; • treatment of dismantled, radioactive materials (which cannot be cleared), prior to disposal; • treatment and conditioning of radioactive waste, prior to disposal; • final clearance of sites. Authorisation requirement related to the release, recycle and reuse of materials produced during plant decommissioning, together with the acceptance criteria for disposal of radioactive materials, are of key importance, considering that the change in decommissioning strategy increases the quantity of radioactive waste to be disposed of, the costs for waste treatment, transportation and disposal, and the capacity of the national repository. In this connection, Sogin is discussing with competent Authorities and Bodies in order to define clearance criteria and disposal acceptance criteria, which neither impair nor complicate the future dismantling operations. In (1) details are given about Italian decommissioning Regulation, decommissioning strategy and Organisation, in order to show the boundary conditions, which exist in Italy for planning and development of NPPs Decommissioning Projects. In the following paragraphs the decommissioning strategy is summarised first together with some critical items of decommissioning; then the Italian regulation about the management of radioactive waste is reported. The management of waste and materials, which will arise from the decommissioning of Italian nuclear power plants, is driven by the requirements imposed by the competent Authorities basing on this regulation.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Local government – Italy"
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Emilsson, Henrik, Maria Angeli, Anna Elia, Nasar Meer et Timothy Peace. The impact of multilevel policy and governance : A comparative study of access to language training in Cosenza, Glasgow, Malmö, and Nicosia. Malmö University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178772445.
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Access to language training is often a challenge for persons granted international protection in EU-countries. This article investigates language provision for refugees from a policy and governance perspective. The goal is to explain the local differences in language training provisions in EU countries. We use a most different cases approach including Cosenza in Italy, Glasgow in Scotland, Malmö in Sweden and Nicosia in Cyprus. We find that the combination of state policies and governance do explain differences in local access to language training. The results also strongly indicate that local governments are dependent on support from higher levels of government to secure training opportunities. The state is still the main actor, and its choices of policies and governance instruments are central for understanding differences in language provision for refugees in EU member states.
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Sarafian, Iliana. Key Considerations : Tackling Structural Discrimination and COVID-19 Vaccine Barriers for Roma Communities in Italy. SSHAP, mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.014.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This brief highlights how structural discrimination and social exclusion shape attitudes to COVID-19 vaccines among Roma communities in Italy, and the role trusted communal and public authorities can play in supporting vaccine uptake and tackling broader exclusions. Contradictions in the Italian state’s response to COVID-19, alongside ongoing forms of exclusion can increase Roma mistrust in state initiatives and prevent vaccine participation. This brief aims to aid and inform local government and public health authorities in Italy that serve populations inclusive of Roma communities. This brief is based on research conducted in-person and remotely from November 2021 to January 2022 with Roma and Sinti communities in Milan, Rome and Catania, Italy, which have distinct historical, linguistic, geographical, religious, and other forms of identification. Similarities in how the different Roma communities experience the COVID-19 pandemic, and in their vaccine decisions were identified. This brief was developed for SSHAP by Iliana Sarafian (LSE) with contributions and reviews from Elizabeth Storer (LSE), Tabitha Hrynick (IDS), Dr Marco Solimene (University of Iceland) and Dijana Pavlovic (Upre Roma). The research was funded through the British Academy COVID-19 Recovery: G7 Fund (COVG7210058). Research was based at the Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa, London School of Economics. The brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Ripoll, Santiago, Tabitha Hrynick, Ashley Ouvrier, Megan Schmidt-Sane, Federico Marco Federici et Elizabeth Storer. 10 Ways Local Governments in Multicultural Urban Settings can Support Vaccine Equity in Pandemics. SSHAP, mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.016.
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At national and aggregate levels, COVID-19 vaccination across G7 countries appears successful. To date, 79.4% of the total population of G7 countries have received a first dose, 72.9% a second, and 45.4% a booster shot (28th April 2022 data). In France, 80.6% of the total population has had a first dose, 78.2 % have had two doses, and 55.4% have had their booster jabs (28th of April 2022 data). In the UK, 79.3% of the total population has received one dose, 74.1% a second one, and 58.5% have received a booster. In Italy, 85.2% of the total population has had a first dose, 80.4% have had two doses, and 66.5% have had their booster jabs (28th of April 2022 data). These figures indicate enthusiasm across G7 countries for COVID-19 vaccines. Yet high overall vaccination rates at the national level, disguise significant in-country disparities. For example, by the end of 2021, less than 50% of residents of the Northern Districts of Marseille were vaccinated, compared with over 70% in wealthier neighbourhoods. In the Ealing borough of Northwest London, 70% of the eligible population has had a first dose – which is almost 10% percent below the national average (4th of April 2022 data). Disparities are also seen in other urban metropolises across the G7. This brief investigates these disparities through the lens of “vaccine (in)equity”, focusing on the role of local actors. It builds on ethnographic and qualitative research carried out in the Northern Districts of Marseille and ongoing research engagement around vaccine equity in Ealing (Northwest London), as well as qualitative research carried out in Italy among networks of healthcare providers, intercultural mediators, and civil society organizations that collaborated during the COVID-19 campaign in the Emilia Romagna region and in Rome. This brief is based on research conducted between October and December 2021 in Marseille and ongoing engagement in Ealing which started in May 2021. It identified how local governments, health actors, community groups and residents play key roles in shaping vaccine (in)equity. This brief was developed for SSHAP by Santiago Ripoll (IDS), Tabitha Hrynick (IDS), Ashley Ouvrier (LaSSA), Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), Federico Federici (UCL) and Elizabeth Storer (LSE). It was reviewed by Eloisa Franchi (Università degli Studi di Pavia) and Ellen Schwartz (Hackney Council Public Health). The research was funded through the British Academy COVID-19 Recovery: G7 Fund (COVG7210038). Research was based at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Susssex, and the Laboratoire de Sciences Sociales Appliquées (LaSSA). The brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Nilsson Lewis, Astrid, Kaidi Kaaret, Eileen Torres Morales, Evelin Piirsalu et Katarina Axelsson. Accelerating green public procurement for decarbonization of the construction and road transport sectors in the EU. Stockholm Environment Institute, février 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.007.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Public procurement of goods and services contributes to about 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In the EU, public purchasing represents 15% of its GDP, acting as a major influencer on the market through the products and services acquired by governments from the local to national levels. The public sector has a role to play in leveraging this purchasing power to achieve the best societal value for money, particularly as we scramble to bend the curve of our planet’s warming. Globally, the construction and transport sectors each represent about 12% of government procurements’ GHG emissions. Furthermore, these sectors’ decarbonization efforts demand profound and disruptive technological shifts. Hence, prioritizing these sectors can make the greatest impact towards reducing the environmental footprint of the public sector and support faster decarbonization of key emitting industries. Meanwhile, the EU committed to achieving 55% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. Drastic emissions reductions are needed at an unprecedented speed and scale to achieve this goal. Green Public Procurement (GPP) is the practice of purchasing goods and services using environmental requirements, with the aim of cutting carbon emissions and mitigating environmental harm throughout the life cycle of the product or service. While the EU and many of its Member States alike have recognized GPP as an important tool to meet climate goals, the formalization of GPP requirements at the EU level or among local and national governments has been fragmented. We call for harmonization to achieve the consistency, scale and focus required to make GPP practices a powerful decarbonization tool. We surveyed the landscape of GPP in the EU, with a focus on construction and road transport. Through interviews and policy research, we compiled case studies of eight Member States with different profiles: Sweden, the Netherlands, France, Germany, Estonia, Poland, Spain and Italy. We used this information to identify solutions and best practices, and to set forth recommendations on how the EU and its countries can harmonize and strengthen their GPP policies on the path toward cutting their contributions to climate change. What we found was a scattered approach to GPP across the board, with few binding requirements, little oversight and scant connective tissue from national to local practices or across different Member States, making it difficult to evaluate progress or compare practices. Interviewees, including policy makers, procurement experts and procurement officers from the featured Member States, highlighted the lack of time or resources to adopt progressive GPP practices, with no real incentive to pursue it. Furthermore, we found a need for more awareness and clear guidance on how to leverage GPP for impactful societal outcomes. Doing so requires better harmonized processes, data, and ways to track the impact and progress achieved. That is not to say it is entirely neglected. Most Member States studied highlight GPP in various national plans and have set targets accordingly. Countries, regions, and cities such as the Netherlands, Catalonia and Berlin serve as beacons of GPP with robust goals and higher ambition. They lead the way in showing how GPP can help mitigate climate change. For example, the Netherlands is one of the few countries that monitors the effects of GPP, and showed that public procurement for eight product groups in 2015 and 2016 led to at least 4.9 metric tons of avoided GHG emissions. Similarly, a monitoring report from 2017 showed that the State of Berlin managed to cut its GHG emissions by 47% through GPP in 15 product groups. Spain’s Catalonia region set a goal of 50% of procurements using GPP by 2025, an all-electric in public vehicle fleet and 100% renewable energy powering public buildings by 2030. Drawing from these findings, we developed recommendations on how to bolster GPP and scale it to its full potential. In governance, policies, monitoring, implementation and uptake, some common themes exist. The need for: • Better-coordinated policies • Common metrics for measuring progress and evaluating tenders • Increased resources such as time, funding and support mechanisms • Greater collaboration and knowledge exchange among procurers and businesses • Clearer incentives, binding requirements and enforcement mechanisms, covering operational and embedded emissions With a concerted and unified movement toward GPP, the EU and its Member States can send strong market signals to the companies that depend on them for business, accelerating the decarbonization process that our planet requires.