Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Lex loci »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Lex loci"
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Christensen, Anna, et Mattias Malmstedt. « Lex Loci Laboris versus Lex Loci Domicilii – An Inquiry into the Normative Foundations of European Social Security Law ». European Journal of Social Security 2, no 1 (mars 2000) : 69–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1010025908052.
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Clarkson, C. M. V. « Marriage in England : favouring the lex fori ». Legal Studies 10, no 1 (mars 1990) : 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1990.tb00030.x.
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The orthodox rules on validity of marriage at common law are that formal validity of marriage is governed by the lex loci celebrationis and essential validity of marriage (or capacity to marry) is governed by the personal law, ie the law of domicile. Neither the lex loci celebrationis nor the lex fori ought to have any interest in such questions of essential validity.According to such orthodoxy there are two rules of English law that are suspect and in need of reconsideration. First, there is (arguably) the rule that the parties to a marriage do not need to have capacity to marry by the lex loci celebrationis when they marry abroad but do need such capacity when the marriage takes place in England. The second rule subject to attack is the notorious ‘exception’ based on Sottomayer v de Barros (No 2)2 which allows a foreign incapacity to be ignored when an English domiciliary marries in England, but not when the marriage takes place abroad.
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ТРОЩЕНКО, ІРИНА. « Колізійне регулювання недоговірних зобов’язань у міжнародному приватному праві України та шляхи його вдосконалення на підставі досвіду європейських країн ». Право України, no 2020/06 (2020) : 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.33498/louu-2020-06-111.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Колізійне регулювання недоговірних зобов’язань у міжнародному приватному праві України здійснюється відповідно до положень Закону України “Про міжнародне приватне право” (Закон про МПрП). Основними формулами прикріплення, що використовується згідно з Законом про МПрП, є прив’язка до місця вчинення дії, що призвела до виникнення зобов’язання або правопорушення – lex loci actus і lex loci delicti commissi. Незважаючи на те, що зазначені формули прикріплення є традиційними для недоговірних зобов’язань, уніфіковане колізійне право країн Європейського Союзу (ЄС) щодо недоговірних зобов’язань, втілене у Регламенті ЄС № 864/2007 щодо права, що підлягає застосуванню до недоговірних зобов’язань, відійшло від використання зазначених прив’язок на користь прив’язки до місця настання шкідливих наслідків – lex loci damni. Метою статті є аналіз колізійного механізму застосування до недоговірних зобов’язань, закріпленого у чинному законодавстві України з метою визначення наявних проблем його використання, зокрема й через аналіз судової практики застосування існуючих формул прикріплення і через аналіз чинного права ЄС щодо недоговірних зобов’язань, з метою визначення необхідності реформування чинного законодавства України та формулювання пропозицій щодо внесення змін до Закону про МПрП. У результаті проведеного дослідження було визначено, що основними формулами прикріплення, які використовуються для визначення права, яке підлягає застосуванню до недоговірних зобов’язань згідно з чинним законодавством України, є прив’язка до місця вчинення дії, що призвела до виникнення зобов’язання або правопорушення – lex loci actus і lex loci delicti commissi. Крім того, Законом про МПрП передбачено низку спеціальних прив’язок, зокрема: до права спільного доміцилію сторін та права найбільш тісного зв’язку. Також правом України передбачено спеціальні формули прикріплення зобов’язань, що виникають зі шкоди, завданої внаслідок недоліків товарів, робіт (послуг) та щодо зобов’язань із набуття, збере-ження майна без достатньої правової підстави. Регламент ЄС № 864/2007 щодо права, що підлягає застосуванню до недоговірних зобов’язань, закріплює як основне правило прикріплення – прив’язку до місця настання шкоди lex loci damni, якщо сторонами не було реалізовано вибір права відповідно до lex voluntatis, а також містить низку спеціальних колізійних прив’язок, згідно з якими визначається застосовне право у численних окремих видах правовідносин. Було сформульовано висновки щодо доцільності внесення змін до законо давства України, а саме Закону про МПрП, направлені на закріплення місця настання шкоди lex loci damni на рівні основної формули прикріплення та закріплення спеціальних колізійних прив’язок для окремих видів правовідносин, зокрема щодо зобов’язань, які виникають унаслідок завдання шкоди навколишньому середовищу та внаслідок страйків чи локауту й усунення інших прогалин законодавства.
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Goode, R. « The Role of the Lex Loci Arbitri in International Commercial Arbitration ». Arbitration International 17, no 1 (1 mars 2001) : 19–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1008973626914.
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Saefullah, Saefullah. « Choice of Law Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Perjanjian Internasional ». Binamulia Hukum 11, no 2 (4 décembre 2022) : 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37893/jbh.v11i2.717.
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Kontrak perdata internasional merupakan salah satu hubungan hukum yang digunakan untuk mempermudah kerja sama antar negara, namun terkadang kemudahan dalam kerja sama tersebut seringkali mengalami hambatan apabila terjadi sengketa. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi hal tersebut para pihak dapat membuat pilihan hukum, sehingga diharapkan dapat memperoleh putusan dalam penyelesaian sengketa yang timbul dalam kontrak perdata internasional, sehingga terciptanya kemanfaatan dan kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach). Selain itu penelitian mengkaji bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa kontrak bisnis internasional yang tidak terdapat pilihan hukumnya, hukum yang seharusnya digunakan (lex cause) belum pasti karena masih harus dilakukan proses penentuannya dan tergantung hakim mendasarkan pada doktrin/teori yang mana untuk menentukan lex cause-nya. Ada beberapa teori dalam hukum perdata internasional yang dapat digunakan untuk menemukan hukum yang seharusnya berlaku (lex cause) bagi suatu hubungan pihak yang tidak ada pilihan hukumnya. Teori-teori itu adalah teori lex loci contractus, teori lex loci soluntionis, teori the proper law of contract, dan teori the most characteristic connection.
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Nicita, Antonio. « The Cost of Transnational Accidents : Lessons from Bhopal and Amoco ». Journal of World Trade 43, Issue 4 (1 août 2009) : 683–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2009028.
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This article deals with the economic effects generated by different conflict rules on incentives of economic agents. In particular, we ascertain the rules currently in force at the domestic level, and subsequently analyze each of them from an economic standpoint. Namely, we focus our analysis on the following rules: the so-called lex loci delicti, the lex loci laesionis, the forum shopping and the forum non conveniens, the optio legis principle, and the rule of victim’s freedom of choice. We exploit these rules to explain some famous cases, that is, the accident that occurred at the Bhopal plant in 1984 and the oil spill involving the supertanker Amoco Cadiz.
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Ortega Giménez, Alfonso. « Régimen de alegación y prueba del Derecho extranjero y Lex Loci Delicti Commissi. Comentario a la sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de las Islas Baleares de 13 de diciembre de 2018 = Scheme of allegation and proof of Foreign Law and Lex Loci Delicti Commissi. Comment on the judgment of the Spanish Court of Appeal of the Balearic Islands of 13 December 2018 ». CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 11, no 2 (1 octobre 2019) : 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2019.5014.
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Resumen: El Derecho extranjero debe alegarse y probarse en lo que a su existencia, vigencia y contenido se refiere, permitiendo al Tribunal valerse de los medios de averiguación que estime necesarios para su aplicación. Es a la parte que lo invoque a quien corresponde demostrar el contenido y su vigencia. Así se aprecia en la Sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de las Islas Baleares de 13 de diciembre, de 2018, donde la parte demandada presenta dos informes sobre el Derecho extranjero; el Tribunal rechaza ambos informes señalando que en ellos no se aprecia ninguna especialidad del derecho extranjero sobre la titularidad del bien; respecto al informe sobre la legitimación pasiva conforme al derecho de Curazao y Holanda resultaba innecesario tratándose de una obligación no contractual, por lo que en virtud de la Lex Loci Delicti Commissi será de aplicación la Ley española, al haberse producido el daño en territorio nacional.Palabras clave: Derecho extranjero, Lex Loci Delicti Commissi, obligaciones extracontractuales.Abstract: The foreign Law must be alleged and proven as to its existence, validity and content, allowing the Court to use the means of inquiry it deems necessary for its application. It is the party that invokes it to whom it corresponds to demonstrate the content and its validity. This is seen in the Judgment of the Spanish Court of Appeal of the Balearic Islands of 13 December 2018, where the presents two reports on foreign law; the Court rejects both reports noting that they do not see any specialty of foreign law on the ownership of the property; Regarding the report on passive legitimation under the law of Curaçao and the Netherlands, it was unnecessary in the case of a non-contractual obligation, so under the Lex Loci Delicti Commissi the Spanish Law will apply, since the damage occurred in the national territory.Keywords: Foreign law, Lex Loci Delicti Commissi, non-contractual obligations.
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Прокофьев, Александр, Aleksandr Prokofiev, Валерия Смирнова et Valeriya Smirnova. « Certain Issues Concerning Legal Regulation of Trade Mark License Contracts ». Journal of Russian Law 3, no 7 (25 juin 2015) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11743.
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The article examines current legal problems which arise in connection with trade mark license contracts. In the contemporary business environment a problem of liability for non-ensuring quality control under trade mark licensing law has become increasingly important. Restrictive business practices and regulation of parallel import is another concern. Authors analyze not only provisions of the substantive law but also legal regulation of the relevant issues concerning the conflict of laws rules. The article also tackles a major problem in the sphere of international private law: correlation of lex contractus and lex loci protectionis connecting factors. Lex contractus covers contractual aspects of the trade mark license such as contract interpretation, mutual obligations of the parties, their performance, discharge and consequences of breach thereof. And lex loci protectionis governs non-contractual aspects such as existence, validity and protection of the right to the trade mark itself. Sometimes it is difficult to label certain issues, like the licensee’s allowed continued use of the mark after the termination of the license, as contractual or non-contractual. The article offers comprehensive analysis of all these questions on the basis of the most recent legislation, court practice and doctrines, both Russian and foreign.
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Степан Олегович, Куц. « CORRELATION OF CONFLICT RULES OF INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND NATIONAL LEGISLATION IN THE REGULATION OF CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS WITH A FOREIGN ELEMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE AGREEMENT ON THE PROCEDURE FOR RESOLVING DISPUTES RELATED TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES) ». NORTH CAUCASUS LEGAL VESTNIK 1, no 3 (septembre 2022) : 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2074-7306-2022-1-3-115-122.
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Author in the article analyses unified conflict rules in international treaties of the Russian Federation in relation to the conflict rules’ mechanism of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in determining applicable law to contractual obligations. Based on international treaties which contained conflict rules for contractual obligations author concludes that exclusively in relations among state parties of the Commonwealth of Independent States is applied a conflict rule based on an archaic lex loci contractus. At the same time article 1211 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and unified conflict rules of international treaties with states other than CIS’s parties based on contemporary and effective characteristic performance theory. The preservation of the lex loci contractus rule seems to be a conscious course of the post-Soviet states.
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Rodger, Barry J. « Ascertaining the Statutory Lex Loci Delicti : Certain Difficulties Under the Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995 ». International and Comparative Law Quarterly 47, no 1 (janvier 1998) : 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300061625.
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The Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995 introduced major reform to the common law choice of rule in delict/tort under Scots/English law respectively. To all intents and purposes, and in the face of sustained and strong criticism, the Act abandoned the common law rules based on double actionability with exceptions. The primary rule under the statute would appear to state that the applicable law is to be based on the general concept of the lex loci delicti. It is of some significance for the analysis here that the statute does not in fact utilise that Latin expression as it is indeed unclear that the expression has any technical meaning. Indeed, the provisions of the Act seek, but in the end fail, to achieve a greater degree of certainty than that rather nebulous though “right-minded” concept. Significantly, a principal objective of the reforms was to ensure that the lex fori no longer played a primary role in choice of law for delictual/tortious claims in private international law. Of course, doubts remain as to the likelihood of direct resort to the lex fori via potential escape devices provided for in the Act The two most likely stages for this arise during characterisation and later when the lex fori may be applied qua public policy.
Thèses sur le sujet "Lex loci"
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Aba'a, Megne Harry. « Lex loci protectionis et droit d'auteur ». Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2020COAZ0013.
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Le principe de territorialité domine la matière de la propriété intellectuelle et en particulier celle du droit d’auteur. Si ce principe et la règle de conflit qu’il inspire, la lex loci protectionis, constituaient de véritables avancées à la fin du XIXème s., de nos jours, ils peinent à convaincre. En effet, le principe de territorialité qui est rattachable au principe de souveraineté dans sa dimension de régulation de l’ordre juridique interne subit de multiples remises en cause. Or, en raison de l’intensification des échanges transnationaux, de l’extension des marchés, de la montée des pouvoirs privés économiques, de l’exploitation dématérialisée des œuvres et notamment, la possibilité de les diffuser sur des réseaux mondiaux comme internet, la souveraineté tend à perdre en puissance. Cela oblige à questionner la pertinence d’un rattachement territorial vis-à-vis de réalités a-territoriales. Le maintien tel quel du principe de territorialité, en termes de conflit de lois, atteint alors la sécurité juridique et les attentes légitimes des parties. Le parti pris de ces travaux est celui d’une réévaluation. Il ressort en effet que le recul dans les relations transnationales du principe de souveraineté - qui sous-tend le principe de territorialité - devrait se traduire sur le plan de la règle de conflit, par un recul de ladite territorialité. A rebours de la tendance générale qui consacre l’hégémonie de la lex loci protectionis, les présents travaux proposent d’une part, d’en circonscrire la compétence dans les domaines où le principe de territorialité ne s’impose pas comme une nécessité, et d’autre part de réorienter le rattachement de manière à limiter la concurrence des lois applicables. Il s’agit, en d’autres termes, de réserver une place à l’universalisme compris comme un rempart contre la variabilité du droit applicable et l’insécurité juridique que cette variabilité pourrait emporterThe principle of territoriality dominates the field of intellectual property and that of copyright. If this principle and the conflict rule it inspires, the lex loci protectionis, were real advances at the end of the 19th century, they are nowadays difficult to convince. Indeed, the principle of territoriality, which is linked to the principle of sovereignty in its dimension of regulation of the internal legal order, is undergoing multiple challenges. However, because of the intensification of transnational exchanges, the extension of markets, the rise of private economic powers, the dematerialised exploitation of works and in particular the possibility of disseminating them on global networks such as the Internet, sovereignty tends to lose significance. This forces us to question the relevance of a territorial connection to a-territorial realities. Maintaining the principle of territoriality as it stands, in terms of conflict of laws, then reaches legal security and the legitimate expectations of the parties. The approach taken in this work is that of a re-evaluation. It emerges in fact that the retreat in transnational relations of the principle of sovereignty - which underlies the principle of territoriality - should be translated in terms of conflict rule by a retreat of the said territoriality. Against the general trend which confirms the hegemony of the lex loci protectionis, the present work proposes, on the one hand, to circumscribe its competence in the fields where the principle of territoriality is not imposed as a necessity, and on the other hand to reorient the connection in such a way as to limit the competition of the applicable laws. In other words, to reserve a place for universalism understood as a bulwark against the variability of the applicable law and the legal insecurity that this variability could entail
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BORGIA, GIANLUCA. « L'ordine europeo di indagine penale tra lex fori e lex loci. Ricadute sul piano dell'utilizzabilità ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2487999.
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Abbandonata l’ambiziosa prospettiva di adottare regole armonizzate per favorire la reciproca ammissibilità degli atti istruttori, anche il più recente congegno messo in campo dall’Unione europea in questo settore, ovvero l’ordine europeo di indagine (OEI) di cui alla direttiva 2014/41/UE, non si è potuto sottrarre al tentativo di “contemperare” le istanze che promanano dalla legge processuale vigente nello Stato di emissione con quelle riconducibili alla disciplina del Paese di esecuzione. Il risultato è un’“ibridazione tra lex fori e lex loci”, inevitabilmente destinata a riverberare i propri effetti su di un piano, quello della spendibilità del materiale raccolto ultra fines, ove il legislatore nazionale è tenuto a fare il possibile per scongiurare il paradosso che una prova illegittima diventi utilizzabile solo perché battezzata come “europea”. Da qui, l’idea di concentrare l’attenzione, in primis, sulle opzioni coltivate nell’ambito degli strumenti che hanno preceduto l’adozione del nuovo meccanismo, condizionandone la fisionomia. In questo senso, l’indagine si è appuntata, dapprima, sulla c.d. “Convenzione madre” nel cui articolo 3 risulta “cristallizzato” il tradizionale principio del locus regit actum e, successivamente, sulle innovazioni apportate dalla c.d. “MAP”, dove a prevalere è l’opposto canone del forum regit actum. Lo scenario delineato dal Consiglio di Tampere ha infine imposto di considerare la compatibilità dei suddetti principi con l’affermarsi della logica sottesa al mutuo riconoscimento (Capitolo I). Una volta messo a fuoco il terreno sul quale è sorto l’OEI, non si è potuto prescindere dalla puntuale analisi delle previsioni che, così come attuate dal d.lgs. n. 108 del 2017 nell’ordinamento interno, costituiscono l’espressione concreta delle prerogative dei due Stati coinvolti nella procedura di cooperazione giudiziaria. Anzitutto, si è posta l’attenzione sulle disposizioni che regolano il momento propriamente esecutivo dell’attività, le quali non fanno altro che riproporre la formula che accorda la preminenza alla legge del Paese di emissione, salvo il contrasto con i “principi fondamentali dell’ordinamento di quello di esecuzione”, con tutte le conseguenze disfunzionali che ne derivano sotto il profilo della determinatezza. Sono state, poi, affrontate le previsioni che, per quanto concerne le condizioni di emissione, impongono di osservare quanto stabilito dalla lex fori e, con riferimento ai presupposti di esecuzione, richiamano al rispetto della lex loci. Da questo punto di vista, a preoccupare sono le interpretazioni che la prassi ha offerto delle disposizioni del d.lgs. n. 108 del 2017, riducendole a mere “formalità”. Infine, si è posta l’attenzione sulla parte “speciale” della direttiva; terreno, questo, sul quale si manifestano le maggiori ritrosie ad abbandonare il criterio della lex loci actus (Capitolo II). Da ultimo, non si è potuto prescindere dall’apprezzare come la soluzione adottata a livello sovranazionale condizioni e “plasmi” l’innesto dei risultati dell’attività nel procedimento nazionale. In questo senso, dall’esame delle regole espressamente previste dal d.lgs. n. 108 del 2017 è emersa tutta l’inadeguatezza della soluzione di estendere l’operatività delle disposizioni dettate per le rogatorie che finiscono per accordare un trattamento di favore alla prova raccolta oltre i confini nazionali a scapito delle più alte garanzie previste per gli atti istruttori assunti al livello domestico. Quanto, invece, alle regole di esclusione non richiamate esplicitamente, si ritiene non solo che debbano trovare applicazione quelle previsioni, come l’art. 729 comma 2 c.p.p., che rispondono alla logica del forum regit actum, ma anche che, in talune ipotesi, l’inutilizzabilità dei risultati discenda dall’inosservanza delle disposizioni della direttiva stessa (Capitolo III).Dismissed the ambitious perspective of introducing harmonised rules concerning the mutual admissibility of evidence between Member States, the recent Directive 2014/41/UE regarding the European Investigation Order in criminal matters (EIO) tried to combine the instances coming from the issuing State with those concerning the executing State. The outcome is an “hybridization” between the lex fori and lex loci that inevitably has an impact at the level of assessing the evidence gathered across borders. Hence the idea to focus the attention, firstly, on the previous instruments. In this regard, the study focused, above all, on the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters of 20 April 1959 of which Article 3 stated the locus regit actum principle. Later, the analysis regarded the Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters between the Member States of the European Union of 29 May 2000 that claims the opposite forum regit actum principle. Finally, the scenario outlined by the Conclusions of Tampere European Council has required to examine the compatibility of these principles with the mutual recognition (Chapter I). Analysed these aspects, the attention shifted to the provisions of the Directive as implemented in Italy by Legislative Decree n. 108 of 2017 which represent the expression of prerogatives of the two States involved in the cooperation procedure. First of all, particular emphasis has been placed on the rule according to which the executing authority shall comply with the formalities and procedures expressly indicated by the issuing authority (i.e. lex fori) unless otherwise provided that such formalities and procedures are not contrary to the “fundamental principles of law of the executing State”, with all the problems that arise from the vagueness of this expression. Then the study has focused on the provisions that establish the conditions for issuing and the conditions for executing by referring, respectively, to the lex fori and to lex loci. From this point of view, the interpretations that jurisprudence has offered of the provisions of Legislative Decree n. 108 of 2017, reducing them to mere "formalities" cause for concern. Lastly, was taken into account the part of the Directive concerning the “Specific Provisions for certain investigative measures”; context within which emerges the greatest reluctance to abandon the lex loci actus principle (Chapter II). In conclusion, the study concentrated on the insertion of the evidence collected ultra fines in the Italian criminal proceedings. In this sense, the screening of the rules provided for in Legislative Decree n. 108 of 2017 showed the inadequacy of to make use of the provisions governing letters rogatory. With regard, instead, to the norms not expressly mentioned, it seems appropriate to extend the rules, such as the Art. 729 par. 2 of the Italian Criminal Procedure Code, based on the logic of forum regit actum principle. Furthermore, some procedural sanctions seem to emerge directly from the text of the Directive (Chapter III).
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Nerenz, Jochen. « Urheberschutz bei grenzüberschreitenden Datentransfers : Lex loci protectionis und Forum delicti / ». Konstanz : Hartung-Gorre, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/312063954.pdf.
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Seesko, Friederike [Verfasser]. « Die Strafbarkeit von Zwangsverheiratungen nach dem StGB und dem VStGB. : Strafbarkeit und Verfolgbarkeit von Zwangsverheiratungen im häuslichen und makrokriminellen Kontext unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des deutschen Strafanwendungs- und Völkerstrafrechts – Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Auslegung der lex loci((k)) in § 7 StGB. / Friederike Seesko ». Berlin : Duncker & ; Humblot, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1238440630/34.
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DE, LUCA CARLOTTA. « L'ORDINE EUROPEO D'INDAGINE PENALE : DISCIPLINA NORMATIVA E PRIME ESPERIENZE APPLICATIVE ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/919437.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’ordine europeo di indagine penale, introdotto dalla direttiva 2014/41/UE, è uno
strumento di cooperazione giudiziaria nel settore delle prove divenuto
imprescindibile a fronte della crescente dimensione transnazionale assunta dalla
criminalità, quale conseguenza dell’evaporazione dei confini geografici nello Spazio
di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia dell’Unione europea. La direttiva sovranazionale,
recepita nell’ordinamento italiano attraverso il d.lgs. n. 108 del 2017, ha dato vita a
un istituto avente natura ibrida, animato dal principio del reciproco riconoscimento,
che conserva, al contempo, alcuni tratti tipici della mutua assistenza giudiziaria
tradizionale, nel tentativo di coniugare l’efficienza investigativa e la tutela delle
garanzie fondamentali.
Sullo sfondo di un contesto caratterizzato dall’assenza di armonizzazione tra le regole
processuali e probatorie nazionali, il meccanismo di acquisizione della prova
all’estero ruota attorno al principio di proporzionalità, che prende forma nel giudizio
di bilanciamento, da condursi in concreto tenendo conto delle peculiarità del caso, tra
le esigenze connesse all’accertamento del reato e il sacrificio imposto ai diritti delle
persone a vario titolo coinvolte nelle procedure di emissione ed esecuzione
dell’ordine. La presente tesi di dottorato intende fornire un’analisi a trecentosessanta
gradi dell’ordine europeo d’indagine, prendendo le mosse dalla disciplina normativa,
con l’obiettivo di mettere in luce le principali problematiche emerse nelle sue prime
esperienze applicative e individuare soluzioni in grado di accorciare le distanze che
separano teoria e prassi. A tal fine, ampio spazio è dedicato alla ricostruzione delle
prime pronunce giurisprudenziali rese sul tema dalla Corte di giustizia e dalla Corte
di cassazione, che rivelano complessivamente la tendenza a prediligere le istanze di
efficienza investigativa a scapito dei diritti della difesa, per poi esporre, in chiave
critica, alcuni casi pratici selezionati presso le Procura della Repubblica di Milano e
di MonzaThe European criminal investigation order, introduced by Directive 2014/41/EU, is an instrument of judicial cooperation in the field of evidence, which has become necessary, given the growing transnational dimension of crime as a result of the sublimation of geographical boundaries in the European Union's Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. The supranational directive, implemented by Italian Legislative Decree no. 108 of 2017, has given rise to a construct of hybrid nature, inspired by the principle of mutual recognition, which maintains, at the same time, certain features typical of traditional mutual legal assistance, in an attempt to combine investigative efficiency and protection of fundamental guarantees. In an underlying backdrop still characterized by the absence of harmonization of national procedural and evidentiary rules, the mechanism for adducing evidence in a foreign country revolves around the principle of proportionality, which in turn takes shape in the context of a balancing judgement - to be conducted in the actual case and taking into consideration the specificities of such case - between the needs related to the detection of crime and the sacrifices imposed on the rights of the persons involved, for various reasons, in the procedures aimed at issuing and executing the relevant order. This doctoral thesis intends to provide a comprehensive analysis of the European Investigation Order, beginning with its legal framework, for the purposes of highlighting the main problems that have emerged in its early-stage enforcement and of identifying solutions capable of shorten the gap between theory and practice. To this end, a large space is firstly dedicated to the analysis of the early case-law rendered by the Court of Justice and by the Italian Court of Cassation on this theme, which reveals the overall tendency to prefer purposes of investigatory efficiency to the detriment of defense rights; secondly, this thesis critically evaluates some practical cases selected at the Public Prosecutor's Office of Milan and Monza.
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Lafont, Estèle-Marie. « Cartographie de nouveaux loci et identification de nouveaux gènes dans les rétinopathies pigmentaires ». Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON1T030.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les rétinopathies pigmentaires sont des maladies dégénératives de la rétine qui regroupent un ensemble de maladies génétiques caractérisées par une perte progressive des photorécepteurs de la rétine, associée à des dépôts pigmentaires visibles au fond de l'oeil. Il existe plusieurs formes de rétinopathies pigmentaires : les formes non syndromiques telles que les rétinites pigmentaires (RP) comprenant d'une part les formes à bâtonnets prédominants ou rod cone dystrophy (90% des RP) et d'autre part les formes à cônes prédominants ou cone rod dystrophy (10% des RP), et les formes syndromiques dont la plus fréquente est le syndrome de Usher (RP associée à une surdité neurosensorielle). La RP est relativement homogène cliniquement mais hétérogène génétiquement. En effet, on dénombre actuellement 38 gènes responsables de 9 loci pour lesquels le gène n'est pas connu, qui ne répondent qu'à 50% des cas de RP dominantes autosomiques et à 40% des cas de RP récessives autosomiques. Il y a, par conséquent, d'autres gènes impliqués dans les RP à identifier. Dans ce but, plusieurs familles consanguines atteintes de RP récessives autosomiques ont été étudiées par analyse du génome entier. Deux familles tunisiennes ont été analysées et pour lesquelles le gène responsable a pu être localisé au locus RP25. Le gène EYS non caractérisé précédemment a été identifié comme le gène responsable. Une mutation provoquant la troncation de la protéine (c. 5928-2A>G) a été trouvée à l'état homozygote pour une des deux familles. Une troisième famille, marocaine, a été analysée sur puces Affymetrix 250K. Une région de 4. 6 Mb en 8q12. 1 est apparue homozygote pour tous les SNPs et tous les individus atteints de la famille. Cette région contenait un gène déjà impliqué dans des RPad et RPar, RP1. Ce gène a été criblé et une délétion de 13 nucléotides + insertion de 3 nucléotides en position 92 (c. 92dell3ins3) a été trouvée à l'état homozygote chez tous les individus atteints. Cette mutation est responsable de la pathologie dans cette famille. Deux autres familles ont été analysées : l'une d'origine marocaine présente des régions homozygotes sur les chromosomes 7 et 8. Aucune mutation pathogène n'a été identifiée dans 9 gènes candidats sur les 76 présents sur le locus du chromosome 7 en 7p22. L'autre famille d'origine française présente une liaison au locus 10q24-q25 mais aucune mutation n'a été identifiée dans 7 gènes candidats sur les 172 présents dans la région. En conclusion, nous avons identifié le gène responsable pour une famille, le locus responsable pour deux familles (RP25) et la mutation responsable pour l'une d'entre elles dans le gène EYS et nous proposons deux loci nouveaux pour lesquels la recherche du gène responsable est toujours en cours.
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Chino, Hadrien. « L'autorité de la loi sous le Haut-Empire : contribution à l'étude de la relation entre la loi et le prince ». Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020084.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La restauration de la République conduite par Octavien vit renaître l’activité législative, « florissante » selon les mots d’Ovide (Met., 2.141) « sous la conduite du très juste » Auguste (Met., 5.833). L’association entre Auguste et son oeuvre législative fut telle que parmi les honneurs funèbres, il fut proposé que le nom de chacune des lois figure sur des écriteaux du cortège funéraire. La lex accompagnait Auguste au tombeau. Ses successeurs abandonnèrent progressivement le recours à la lex et quelques décennies après la disparition d’Auguste, la loi recevait comme seule fonction de sanctionner les pouvoirs et honneurs décidés par le Sénat et conférés à l’empereur à chaque début de principat. Cette loi était la dernière traduction formelle de la volonté du populus Romanus : parce qu’elle émanait du peuple et qu’elle établissait un fondement entre le prince et son statut, ses pouvoirs et les activités auxquelles elle donnait lieu, elle retint particulièrement l’attention des Prudents. S’ils constatèrent le bouleversement général des sources du droit que l’enracinement du prince dans l’édifice constitutionnel républicain et le développement de ses interventions normatives avaient entraînés, seule la partie des Prudents que le prince avait associée à l’exercice de sa justice et de sa production normative, amplifia la normativité des formes qu’empruntait la volonté impériale. La formulation de l’identité de la constitution impériale à la lex marqua l’avènement d’un ordre juridique dont la cohérence reposait sur le consensus, non plus des divers organes de la République mais de l’empereur et des Prudents. Le recours à l’autorité de la loi pour caractériser les constitutions impériales leur assurait, au-delà des mutations dont ils surent prendre la mesure, la continuité d’une activité qui s’originait dans les premiers temps de la civitasThe restoration of the Republic led by Octavian marked a new start of legislative activity, said to be "flourishing" by Ovid (Met.,2.141), "under the leadership of the righteous" Augustus (Met.,2.141). As part of his funeral honours, Augustus being so closely related to his legislative work was made clear when it was suggested that the name of each law were to be inscribed on the banners for the funeral procession. The lex accompanied Augustus to his tomb. Little by little his successors no longer resorted to the lex and a few decades after Augustus decease, the unique function of the law was to acknowledge the powers and honours decided by the Senate and conferred to the Emperor at the beginning of his reign. That law was the last formal expression of the will of the populus Romanus: because it originated from the people and established the basis between the Prince and his status, his power and the activities that rose from it, it particularly caught the attention of the Prudentes. Though they may have noted the general disruption of the sources of the Law, resulting from the normative interventions of the emperor, it was only the part of jurisprudence that the prince had associated with his justice and therefore the production of norms,, that enhanced the normativity of the forms expressing the imperial will. The identity of the imperial constitution formed on the lex was the beginning of a new legal order, coherently based upon the consensus between the emperor and the Prudentes rather than upon the various organs of the Republic. Their resorting to the authority of the Law to characterize the imperial constitutions and their ability to assess change, ensured that an activity that started at the beginning of the civitas could continue
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Manczak, Corinne Skrinjar. « Les lambeaux loco-régionaux en chirurgie buccale ». Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11173.
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Kozlov, Boris. « Loi d'Archie dans les micromodèles ». Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00787506.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La conductivité électrique des milieux poreux est un vaste sujet de recherche possédant des nombreuses applications industrielles. Notamment dans l'industrie pétrolière, les propriétés électriques des roches sont utilisées pour déterminer la quantité d'hydrocarbures dans les puits. En 1942 Gustav Archie a proposé une loi empirique pour la conductivité des roches. Depuis cette loi est largement utilisée dans l'industrie pétrolière et les études géophysiques. Actuellement, le champ d'application de cette loi est réduit à des roches spécifiques. Dans la partie théorique nous nous intéressons aux fondements de la loi d'Archie. L'une des approches existantes de justification de la loi d'Archie consiste en adaptation de la théorie de percolation. Ainsi nous nous intéressons à l'étude de domaine de validité de la loi sur la conductivité électrique établie par la théorie de percolation pour des réseaux infinis des résistances aléatoires. La partie expérimentale porte sur les expériences dans les micromodèles - des réseaux transparents, réguliers, bidimensionnels ayant des dimensions entre 50 et 500 microns. Depuis plusieurs dizaines d'années ces systèmes sont utilisés afin de comprendre la propagation des fluides dans les milieux poreux. Dans notre étude nous mettons en place la mesure de conductivité dans ces micromodèles et la technique d'altération de mouillage. Nous étudions ainsi expérimentalement la conductivité des milieux poreux bidimensionnels à la mouillabilité homogène et hétérogène.
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Lafont, Suzanne. « Suprèmes clichés de Loti : le travail du cliché dans les récits exotiques de Pierre Loti ». Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20041.
Texte intégralLivres sur le sujet "Lex loci"
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Wagner, Erwin. Statutenwechsel und dépeçage im internationalen Deliktsrecht : Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Datumtheorie. Heidelberg : Winter, 1988.
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Beyond lex loci delicti : Conflicts methodology and multistate torts in American case law. Deventer, The Netherlands : Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers, 1987.
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W, Dubbink C., et Boer Th M. de, dir. Vijftig jaar lex loci delicti : Van Dubbinks proefschrift tot een Wet conflictenrecht onrechtmatige daad. Deventer : Kluwer, 1998.
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Biguma, Nicolas F. La reconnaissance conventionnelle de la compétence universelle des tribunaux internes à l'égard de certains crimes et délits. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France : Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 2001.
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Flugzeugunfälle mit Auslandsberührung und Auflockerung des Deliktsstatuts. München : V. Florentz, 1986.
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Kappen, O. Moorman van. Lex Loci : Opstellen over Nederlandse rechtsgeschiedenis uit de pen van prof. mr. O. Moorman van Kappen. Nijmegen : Gerard Noodt Instituut, 2000.
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Gómez, Katia Fach. La contaminación transfronteriza en derecho internacional privado : Estudio de derecho aplicable. Barcelona : Bosch, 2002.
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Desquiron, Lilas. Les chemins de Loco-Miroir. [Paris] : Stock, 1990.
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Les chemins de Loco-Miroir. [Paris] : Presses pocket, 1991.
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Les disparus du Loch Ness. Paris : Du Rocher, 1991.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Lex loci"
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Koukal, Pavel. « Princip teritoriality a hraniční určovatel lex loci protectionis v autorskoprávních vztazích ». Dans Pocta prof. Josefu Bejčkovi k 70. narozeninám, 431–58. Brno : Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0094-2022-21.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper deals with the concept of territoriality of intellectual property rights in its three meanings: international, substantive and conflict of laws. The principle of territoriality is contrasted by the author with the principle of universality, which is manifested in some approaches to cross-border copyright issues. The author then discusses the connecting factor lex loci protectionis (Sec. 80 Czech Act on International Private Law), which represents the projection of the territoriality principle into conflict of laws. The author discusses different approaches to the scope of application of the lex loci protectionis, in particular the question of the initial ownership and the transferability of rights. In the concluding part, the author defends the traditional concept of lex loci protectionis and provides contra-arguments to the solutions of the so-called universalists who propose that the question of the primary owner and transferability of rights should be governed by the law of the state of the origin of the work (lex originis).
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Makkai, Adam. « 5. Luminous Loci in Lex-Eco-Memory : Toward a Pragmo-Ecological Resolution of the Metaphysical Debate Concerning the Reality or Fictitiousness of Words ». Dans Functional Approaches to Language, Culture and Cognition, 59. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.163.10mak.
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Shrivastava, Pankaj, Umang Gupta, Toshi Jain, Veena Ben Trivedi et Sonia Kakkar. « Genetic Portrait of Bhil Tribe of Central India Based on Autosomal and X STR Loci ». Dans Next Generation DNA Led Technologies, 27–34. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-670-6_4.
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Shrivastava, Pankaj, Devika Dogra et Ruchira Chaudhary. « Study of Genetic Polymorphism at 8 STR Loci in the Jat Sikh Population of Madhya Pradesh ». Dans Next Generation DNA Led Technologies, 15–25. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-670-6_3.
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« Lex loci delicti commissi ». Dans Conflict of Laws, 129–32. Routledge-Cavendish, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843140030-15.
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« Lex Loci meets Lex Fori : Merging Customary Law and National Land Legislation in Madagascar ». Dans Contest for Land in Madagascar, 119–40. BRILL, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004256231_007.
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« Common law exceptions to compliance with the lex loci celebrationis ». Dans Conflict of Laws, 508. Routledge-Cavendish, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843140030-71.
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« Domestic Courts and Lex Loci Arbitri in Treaty-Based Arbitration ». Dans The Use of Commercial Arbitration Rules in Investment Treaty Disputes, 82–197. Brill | Nijhoff, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004413689_004.
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Oppong, Richard Frimpong, et Sam Tecle. « The lex loci delicti Rule in Canadian Conflict of Laws ». Dans Yearbook of Private International Law Vol. XXI - 2019/2020, 457–88. Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.9785/9783504386962-021.
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Cremers, Jan. « How Externalisation of Labour Recruitment Crosses Borders Origins, Evolution, and Features of Posted Work ». Dans Posted workers La condizione dei lavoratori in distacco transnazionale in Europa. Venice : Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-515-5/001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The author reflects in this contribution on the regulatory frame of social policy and workers’ rights in the area of labour mobility and transnational free provision of services with posted workers as applied in the European Union’s internal market. The rights-based free movement of EU-workers is grounded on the lex loci laboris principles, or the notion that workers fall under the regulatory frame and labour standards of the (‘new’) state of residence and employment. Posted workers that provide services on behalf of their employer are not supposed to seek access to the other Member State’s labour market and fall under a specific legal frame.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Lex loci"
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Hou, Xiuqun, Danmei Xie, Lin Cai, Peng Zhang et Jie Tan. « LOCA Simulations of AP1000 With Different Breaks Based on RELAP5 ». Dans 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60329.
Texte intégralRésumé :
One of design features of AP1000 is its passive safety system. As the newly designed system, the performance of AP1000 under severe accidents causes a lot of concerns. To prevent or minimize being uncovered of the core fuel during LOCAs, many researchers have devoted themselves to simulate LOCAs. In this paper, based on RELAP5, the model of AP1000 was established and validated. LOCA simulations of AP1000 with different breaks were conducted, including LOCAs both on cold leg and hot leg with the break size of 0.1 ft2 and LOCAs with different break size as 0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 50% of the cold leg cross section area on cold leg. The result indicates that, for AP1000, LOCA on cold leg is more critical, and the system shows great safety performance under LOCAs with different break sizes on cold leg, especially for LOCA with middle break size because the core decay heat is fully removed by coolant and the cladding temperature decreases soon once the accident happens during the process. The result also reveals that, during the process, the core decay heat is mainly removed by the discharge coolant for large break LOCA, but mainly removed by PRHR HX for small break LOCA.
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Rijken, Oriol. « Installation Methodologies for a Tension Leg Platform Under Ocean Swell Conditions ». Dans ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11381.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A common procedure of installing a Tension Leg Platform is to float it over the tendons and lower it over the tendons. A key phase of this procedure is lock-off, i.e. the instant when the tendons become firmly attached to the TLP hull. The lock-off position of the tendons on the hull should be within specified tolerances. Lock-off on the tendons higher than targeted results in a reduced draft which implies reduced displacement and therefore typically reduced payload capacity or reduced payload reserve. Lock-off on the tendons lower than targeted results in increase in draft and brings the deck closer to mean water which adversely affects the airgap requirements. Hence lock-off at the correct draft is a key aspect of a successful installation procedure. The general geometric properties of several TLPs are such that there is a significantly more heave motion under swell conditions than under sea states with much smaller peak periods (for the same significant wave height). These larger motions under swell conditions can make it harder to achieve the desired lock-off elevation. Such swell conditions are known to occur of the West Coast of Africa. Waiting for the swell to subside may not be an attractive alternative for TLP installation as these swells may be present for extended periods of time. Two engineering solutions are provided which reduce the heave motion of a free floating TLP. Both of these solutions are temporary changes to the TLP itself and should be implemented as a part of the TLP design spiral. One of the solutions implies an increase of TLP mass; the second solution reduces the vertical stiffness of the free floating TLP. The heave natural period is significantly increased in both methods, and heave motions are reduced. Both methods increase the heave response amplitude operator (RAO) for periods below 8 to 12 seconds and reduce the heave RAO magnitudes above 12 seconds. Implementing one of these methods in the installation procedure may be most applicable to situations where the installation window may contain prolonged periods of persistent swell.
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Sato, Norikazu, Mitsuyoshi Kawakami et Masahide Inagaki. « LES Analysis of Flows Around a Forced-Oscillating Circular Cylinder ». Dans ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37151.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Large eddy simulation (LES) of flows around a forcedoscillating circular cylinder is carried out using the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method and a central difference scheme for the convection terms, which is a newly proposed discretization scheme that improves the conservation properties of the mass, momentum, and especially kinetic energy. The results are compared with the measurements that are also carried out by authors, in terms of lock-in phenomenon. It is shown that the numerically predicted pressure and velocity distributions are in good agreement with the experimental data, both in the lower and the upper lock-in region, and the phase difference between the cylinder displacement and the vortex shedding is consistent with previous findings. In addition, it is clarified that the frequency range of the lock-in in LES is almost the same in width as that of the experiment, while it becomes wider in the comparative analysis, in which the QUICK scheme is employed for the convection terms. Such discrepancies between two calculations are prominent, especially in the stationary and the lower frequency region.
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Yuan, Jiaojiao, Sheng Liu, Zhicheng Lv, Shuai Shi, Yaping Lv, Jing Fang, Shengwei Jiang, Can Gao et Xuefang Wang. « Mechanical lock design for LED silicone lens with silicon substrate ». Dans 2013 14th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icept.2013.6756669.
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Tong, Xiaoling, Matthew Brockhaus, Edward Luke, Shanti Bhushan, Ian Dettwiller et Adrian Sescu. « Evaluating LES wall models for high-speed turbulent flows at the wall using Loci-Chem solver ». Dans AIAA AVIATION 2022 Forum. Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3549.
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Pla, Patricia, Regina Galetti, Francesco D’Auria, Carlo Parisi, Walter Giannotti, Alessandro Del Nevo, Nikolaus Muellner, Marco Cherubini, Giorgio Galassi et Francesc Revento´s. « Addressing Boron Dilution Scenario Through RELAP5/3.3 Analysis of PWR SB LOCA ». Dans 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75838.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Reactivity accident scenarios can occur originated by internal boron dilution in the primary system of a nuclear pressurized water reactor type (PWR or VVER). In essence the problem is caused by boron dilution following vaporization and condensation of the primary system coolant in case of decrease of primary system mass inventory, for example during a small-break loss of coolant accident (SB-LOCA) that may include boiling in the core with condensation of steam in the steam generators. When the liquid level in the reactor vessel decreases below the hot leg elevation, steam begins to flow to the steam generators and condenses there. This steam carries no boron and thus boron concentration in the cold leg loop seals begins to decrease. If for some reason this water plug with low boron concentration begins to flow towards the core and enters it without any major mixing with the borated coolant, the result is a positive reactivity insertion. The paper presents an analysis by RELAP5 Mod 3.3 code [1] of a small break LOCA of 20 cm2 area in the lower plenum of a four-loop PWR nuclear reactor. The boundary conditions of the calculations consider the eight accumulator tanks available, two/four low pressure injection systems (LPIS) available, and two of the four high pressure injection systems (HPIS) available. Sensitivity calculations were performed, regarding among other things, the boron concentration in the Emergency Core Cooling Systems (ECCS) and reactor cooling system (RCS) from Design Basis Accident (DBA) to beyond DBA conditions. From the results obtained, in some calculations boron dilution is observed in more than one loop seal. The situation in which the plugs in the loop seals are transported to the core without mixing with other borated water led to a potentially hazardous situation for four calculations in which initial conditions were far from DBA. It is important to emphasize that the present study has not the objective of a safety analysis of the NPP involved, but it should be considered inside research activities regarding the boron dilution issue.
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Lv, Yu, Eric Collins, Shanti Bhushan et Edward A. Luke. « Towards a Robust Discontinuous Galerkin Solver for LES of Multiphysics Flows and Combustion based on Loci-Programming ». Dans AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum. Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2019-2168.
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Catros, S., M. Fenelon, A. Rui, K. Ross, D. Marcio, B. Angel, M. D. S. Luis et al. « Création d’un site internet Européen de formation au sevrage tabagique ». Dans 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France : EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206603002.
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Introduction : Actuellement 208 millions de personnes consomment du tabac en Europe dont 12 millions en France. 650 000 décès sont attribuables au tabac en Europe et environ 60 000 décès par an sont imputables à cette consommation en France, ce qui en fait la première cause de décès évitable. Tous les acteurs de santé devraient être mobilisés pour lutter contre ce fléau. Le chirurgien dentiste doit se sentir concerné car il s’agit d’un enjeu général de santé publique mais aussi spécifique de santé bucco-dentaire. En effet le tabac est l’étiologie principale de certaines maladies graves de la muqueuse buccale : carcinomes épidermoïdes, leucoplasies, carcinome verruqueux (1). Le tabac est aussi un cofacteur favorisant les maladies parodontales (2). Enfin la consommation de tabac perturbe la cicatrisation après les actes de Chirurgie Orale et c’est une contre indication relative aux interventions chirurgie implantaire. Malgré ce constat, les chirurgiens dentistes restent peu impliqués dans l’accompagnement du sevrage tabagique (3). Les raisons sont probablement liées à un manque de formation et de connaissances qui limitent la mise en oeuvre du sevrage tabagique auprès de leurs patients. Pour pallier ce manque, un projet européen a été mis en place grâce à un financement du programme ERASMUS + (4). L’objectif de ce projet est de former les professionnels de santé européens au sevrage tabagique grâce à plusieurs outils. Matériels et Méthodes : Le principal outil de formation sera un site internet diffusé en langue Anglaise, Française, Italienne, Portugaise, et Espagnole. Ce site permettra de fournir un outil d’e-learning afin de promouvoir l’implication des professionnels de santé et notamment des chirurgiens dentistes dans le sevrage tabagique. Par ailleurs, un livre téléchargeable reprenant le contenu du site internet sera également diffusé. Enfin, plusieurs actions de diffusion de l’information seront menées tout au long du projet au travers de communications lors de congrès scientifiques et d’articles dans des revues professionnelles. Résultats : Le site et le livre électronique sont accessibles gratuitement à partir du lien : http://smokingcessationtraining.com/ en/home/ en langue anglaise. La version française sera publiée en ligne dans le premier semestre 2018. Le site a été réalisé sous la coordination de Rui Albuquerque (Birmingham Dental Hospital UK) avec la collaboration de Ross Keat (Birmingham Dental Hospital UK), Jean-Christophe Fricain et Sylvain Catros (Université de Bordeaux, France), Marcio Diniz Freitas (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Espagne), Luis Monteiro (Universitaério de Ciências da Sauéde Portugal), Giovanni Lodi (Universita di Milano, Italy). Conclusions : Ce projet devrait permettre d’augmenter le niveau de compétence des utilisateurs et un certificat sera délivré à ceux qui complèteront l’évaluation en ligne. Ce projet devrait permettre d’avoir un impact éducatif en formant les chirurgiens dentistes, un impact sur la santé des patients et un impact économique en réduisant les couts sociétaux induits par le tabagisme.
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Liaroutzos, Chantal. « La loi et la règle dans le chapitre « De l’expérience » ». Dans Montaigne. Le livre III des Essais. Fabula, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.58282/colloques.4199.
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Zhang, Kai, Yujun Zhang, Gaofang Yin, Xue Xiao, Huanbo Wang, Liquan Guo et Wenqing Liu. « Study of measuring the intensity distribution of LED with lock-in amplifier ». Dans 5th International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies, sous la direction de Yudong Zhang, José Sasián, Libin Xiang et Sandy To. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.863727.
Texte intégralRapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Lex loci"
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Agbiboa, Daniel. Origines de la gouvernance hybride et de la mobilisa on des communautés armées en Afrique subsaharienne. RESOLVE Network, novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags.fr.2020.3.
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Ce rapport RESOLVE, l’un de trois, cherche à comprendre l’origine, la dynamique et les moteurs des groupes armés communautaires ou GAC (community-based armed groups ou CBAGs) en Afrique. En tant qu’étude exploratoire, ce rapport implique la collecte, l’organisation et la synthèse des informations disponibles sur les acteurs de la sécurité non étatiques et leurs relations avec les communautés locales et les agences officielles de l’État, comme les systèmes d’application de la loi et de justice. Le rapport s’appuie sur des ouvrages académiques qui explorent les relations entre l’État et la société civile, en cherchant à remettre en question les rendus simplistes de ceux-ci en tant qu’entités distinctes avec des frontières clairement définies. Le rapport est également alimenté par des entretiens avec des membres de la Force d’intervention civile conjointe ou FICC (Civilian Joint Task Force ou CJTF), une milice pro- gouvernementale qui aide à repousser la violente insurrection de Boko Haram dans le nord-est du Nigeria.
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Guy, Charles, Gozal Ben-Hayyim, Gloria Moore, Doron Holland et Yuval Eshdat. Common Mechanisms of Response to the Stresses of High Salinity and Low Temperature and Genetic Mapping of Stress Tolerance Loci in Citrus. United States Department of Agriculture, mai 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613013.bard.
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The objectives that were outlined in our original proposal have largely been achieved or will be so by the end of the project in February 1995 with one exception; that of mapping cold tolerance loci based on the segregation of tolerance in the BC1 progeny population. Briefly, our goals were to 1) construct a densely populated linkage map of the citrus genome: 2) map loci important in cold and/or salt stress tolerance; and 3) characterize the expression of genes responsive to cold land salt stress. As can be seen by the preceding listing of accomplishments, our original objectives A and B have been realized, objective C has been partially tested, objective D has been completed, and work on objectives E and F will be completed by the end of 1995. Although we have yet to map any loci that contribute to an ability of citrus to maintain growth when irrigated with saline water, our very encouraging results from the 1993 experiment provides us with considerable hope that 1994's much more comprehensive and better controlled experiment will yield the desired results once the data has been fully analyzed. Part of our optimism derives from the findings that loci for growth are closely linked with loci associated with foliar Cl- and Na+ accumulation patterns under non-salinization conditions. In the 1994 experiment, if ion exclusion or sequestration traits are segregating in the population, the experimental design will permit their resolution. Our fortunes with respect to cold tolerance is another situation. In three attempts to quantitatively characterize cold tolerance as an LT50, the results have been too variable and the incremental differences between sensitive and tolerant too small to use for mapping. To adequately determine the LT50 requires many plants, many more than we have been able to generate in the time and space available by making cuttings from small greenhouse-grown stock plants. As it has turned out, with citrus, to prepare enough plants needed to be successful in this objective would have required extensive facilities for both growing and testing hardiness which simply were not available at University of Florida. The large populations necessary to overcome the variability we encountered was unanticipated and unforeseeable at the project's outset. In spite of the setbacks, this project, when it is finally complete will be exceedingly successful. Listing of Accomplishments During the funded interval we have accomplished the following objectives: Developed a reasonably high density linkage map for citrus - mapped the loci for two cold responsive genes that were cloned from Poncirus - mapped the loci for csa, the salt responsive gene for glutathione peroxidase, and ccr a circadian rhythm gene from citrus - identified loci that confer parental derived specific DNA methylation patterns in the Citrus X Poncirus cross - mapped 5 loci that determine shoot vigor - mapped 2 loci that influence leaf Na+ accumulation patterns under non-saline conditions in the BC1 population - mapped 3 loci that influence leaf Na+ accumulation paterns during salt sress - mapped 2 loci that control leaf Cl- accumulation patterns under non-saline conditions - mapped a locus that controls leaf Cl- accumulation patterns during salt stress Screened the BC1 population for growth reduction during salinization (controls and salinized), and cold tolerance - determined population variation for shoot/root ratio of Na+ and Cl- - determined levels for 12 inorganic nutrient elements in an effort to examine the influence of salinization on ion content with emphasis on foliar responses - collected data on ion distribution to reveal patterns of exclusion/sequestration/ accumulation - analyzed relationships between ion content and growth Characterization of gene expression in response to salt or cold stress - cloned the gene for the salt responsive protein csa, identified it as glutathione peroxidase, determined the potential target substrate from enzymatic studies - cloned two other genes responsive to salt stress, one for the citrus homologue of a Lea5, and the other for an "oleosin" like gene - cold regulated (cor) genes belonging to five hybridization classes were isolated from Poncirus, two belonged to the group 2 Lea superfamily of stress proteins, the others show no significant homology to other known sequences - the expression of csa during cold acclimation was examined, and the expression of some of the cor genes were examined in response to salt stress - the influence of salinization on cold tolerance has been examined with seedling populations - conducted protein blot studies for expression of cold stress proteins during salt stress and vice versa
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Adelekan, Ibidun, Anton Cartwright, Winston Chow, Sarah Colenbrander, Richard Dawson, Matthias Garschagen, Marjolijn Haasnoot et al. Climate Change in Cities and Urban Areas : Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/supsv209.2022.
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The second volume in the Summary for Urban Policymakers (SUP) series, Climate Change in Cities and Urban Areas: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, offers a concise and accessible distillation of the IPCC Working Group II Report. Cities are places of high risks from climate change, resulting from the interaction of climate change hazards, the exposure of infrastructure, people and ecosystems, the vulnerability of exposed elements and communities, and the negative or unintended effects of responses to climate change to people and ecosystems. This report assesses the feasibility and effectiveness of different adaptation options but highlights that adaptation has limits and can even lead to maladaptation, triggering unintended effects which increase risk, emissions and lock-ins. It synthesises the latest evidence on the necessary urban-led transformation, as well as evidence on operationalizing the five simultaneous system transitions across land, coastal, ocean and freshwater ecosystems; cities, regions, and infrastructure; energy and industrial systems, accelerated by societal choices. Cities and urban areas have a critical role to play in the climate resilient development needed to meet goals of climate change, human wellbeing, and ecosystem health challenges.
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Fridman, Eyal, et Eran Pichersky. Tomato Natural Insecticides : Elucidation of the Complex Pathway of Methylketone Biosynthesis. United States Department of Agriculture, décembre 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696543.bard.
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Plant species synthesize a multitude of specialized compounds 10 help ward off pests. and these in turn may well serve as an alternative to synthetic pesticides to reduce environmental damage and health risks to humans. The general goal of this research was to perform a genetic and biochemical dissection of the natural-insecticides methylketone pathway that is specific to the glandular trichomes of the wild species of tomato, Solanumhabrochaites f. glabratum (accession PI126449). Previous study conducted by us have demonstrated that these compounds are synthesized de novo as a derivate pathway of the fatty acid biosynthesis, and that a key enzyme. designated MethylketoneSynthase 1 (MKS 1). catalyzes conversion of the intermediate B-ketoacyl- ACPs to the corresponding Cn-1 methylketones. The approach taken in this proposed project was to use an interspecific F2 population. derived from the cross between the cultivated lV182 and the wild species PIl26449. for three objectives: (i) Analyze the association between allelic status of candidate genes from the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway with the methylketone content in the leaves (ii) Perform bulk segregant analysis of genetic markers along the tomato genome for identifying genomic regions that harbor QTLs for 2TD content (iii) Apply differential gene expression analysis using the isolated glands of bulk segregant for identifying new genes that are involved in the pathway. The genetic mapping in the interspecific F2 population included app. 60 genetic markers, including the candidate genes from the FAS pathway and SSR markers spread evenly across the genome. This initial; screening identified 5 loci associated with MK content including the candidate genes MKS1, ACC and MaCoA:ACP trans. Interesting observation in this genetic analysis was the connection between shape and content of the glands, i.e. the globularity of the four cells, typical to the wild species. was associated with increased MK in the segregating population. In the next step of the research transcriptomic analysis of trichomes from high- and 10w-MK plants was conducted. This analysis identified a new gene, Methy1ketone synthase 2 (MKS2), whose protein product share sequence similarity to the thioesterase super family of hot-dog enzymes. Genetic analysis in the segregating population confirmed its association with MK content, as well as its overexpression in E. coli that led to formation of MK in the media. There are several conclusions drawn from this research project: (i) the genetic control of MK accumulation in the trichomes is composed of biochemical components in the FAS pathway and its vicinity (MKS 1 and MKS2). as well as genetic factors that mediate the morphology of these specialized cells. (ii) the biochemical pathway is now realized different from what was hypothesized before with MKS2 working upstream to I\1KS 1 and serves as the interface between primary (fatty acids) and secondary (MK) metabolism. We are currently testing the possible physical interactions between these two proteins in vitro after the genetic analysis showed clear epistatic interactions. (iii) the regulation of the pathway that lead to specialized metabolism in the wild species is largely mediated by transcription and one of the achievements of this project is that we were able to isolate and verify the specificity of the MKS1 promoter to the trichomes which allows manipulation of the pathways in these cells (currently in progress). The scientific implications of this research project is the advancement in our knowledge of hitherto unknown biochemical pathway in plants and new leads for studying a new family in plants (hot dog thioesterase). The agricultural and biotechnological implication are : (i) generation of new genetic markers that could assist in importing this pathway to cultivated tomato hence enhancing its natural resistance to insecticides, (ii) the discovery of MKS2 adds a new gene for genetic engineering of plants for making new fatty acid derived compounds. This could be assisted with the use of the isolated and verified MKS1 promoter. The results of this research were summarized to a manuscript that was published in Plant Physiology (cover paper). to a chapter in a proceeding book. and one patent was submitted in the US.
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Guide d'application de la Loi pour une République numérique pour les données de la recherche. Ministère de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche, décembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52949/31.
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Discharge ratings for control gates at Mississippi River Lock and Dam 14, Le Claire, Iowa. US Geological Survey, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri854261.
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