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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Labor policy – Poland – 1989- »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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1

Vedeneeva, V. "Poland’s Migration Policy: Formation of Paradigm (1989–2019)." World Economy and International Relations 64, no. 12 (2020): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-12-105-112.

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The article analyzes the development of Poland’s migration policy from the late 1980s until the present time. The transformation of this policy took place in direct proportion to socio-economic and political changes in the country. The first period was related to the beginning of a systemic transformation in Poland and understanding of the need for conceptual approaches to the problem of migration. During these years, the priorities of the migration policy were to ensure the country’s security, as well as to facilitate the access of Poles to the international labor market. The next stage was c

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BARTEL, FRITZ. "Fugitive Leverage: Commercial Banks, Sovereign Debt, and Cold War Crisis in Poland, 1980–1982." Enterprise & Society 18, no. 1 (2016): 72–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2016.19.

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This article examines a familiar Cold War event, the Polish Crisis of the early 1980s, but from an unfamiliar perspective: international financial history. Historians have yet to examine how the growing international activity of Western commercial banks and the Eastern Bloc’s heavy borrowing on international capital markets during the 1970s influenced the course of the late Cold War. This article covers the history of the Eastern Bloc’s largest borrower—Poland—and its road to sovereign default in 1981. It examines how financial diplomacy among banks, communist countries, and the U.S. governmen

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Keryk, Myroslava. "‘Caregivers with a Heart Needed’: The Domestic Care Regime in Poland after 1989 and Ukrainian Migrants." Social Policy and Society 9, no. 3 (2010): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474641000014x.

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The article discusses the welfare regime that emerged in Poland after the collapse of communism and the introduction of the market economy. It analyses policy in the sphere of child and elderly care, and household strategies related to care. It is argued that the care regime in Poland is a combination of the conservative and the social-democratic model. On the one hand, the state provides equal labour market access to women and men. On the other hand, publicly funded child and elder care is insufficient, resulting in a care deficit. The situation has created demand for domestic care workers, a

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Delaney, John J. "Totalitarianism: Racial Values vs. Religious Values:Clerical Opposition to Nazi Anti-Polish Racial Policy." Church History 70, no. 2 (2001): 271–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3654454.

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Hitler's wars for living space sent millions of Germans abroad and aggravated a severe labor shortage at home. German authorities recruited or forcibly transported up to seven million foreign workers to the Reich from 1939 to 1945. A great many of these civilian workers, POWs, and slave laborers came from Poland, the Ukraine, and western areas of the Soviet Union, that is, homelands the Nazi regime stigmatized as particularly “inferior.” Nazi racial thinking and wartime security concerns produced an extensive set of discriminatory measures aimed at the subjugation and strict control of Slavs.

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Kosiorek, Małgorzata. "International education programmes as an element of educational change in the Polish education system." Studia z Teorii Wychowania XIII, no. 2 (39) (2022): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9260.

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The main aim of the article is to present selected international education programmes implemented in Poland (International Baccalaureate, Advanced Placement, International General Certificate of Secondary Education) in the context of educational change. The background of the analyses is the metamorphoses in the Polish education system after the period of political transformation. Literature in the field of education policy, theory of educational systems, normative documents of educational law, European Union directives and programme documents of international organizations conducting and accre

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Pohromskyi, Victor. "ACTIVITIES OF THE POLISH AMERICAN CHILDREN’S AID COMMITTEE AND THE AMERICAN RELIFE ADMINISTRATION (ARA) ON THE TERRITORY OF POLISH REPUBLIC." European Historical Studies, no. 19 (2021): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2021.19.6.

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The end of the First World War was a consequence of a whole range of significant problems in the countries of Eastern Europe. These include the general poverty of the population, the decline of the rural industry and industrial production, the general political crisis that increased the popularity of radical communist movements, the change of geopolitical formation in Europe. The main factor that led to the destruction of the imperialist system was World War the first. On the ruins of empires, new independent countries are emerging, including the restored Republic of Poland or the Second Commo

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Osa, Maryjane. "Contention and Democracy: Labor Protest in Poland, 1989–1993." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 31, no. 1 (1998): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(97)00023-8.

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This article analyzes data on labor protests in Poland during the transition period. A bivariate categorical model was used to estimate the effectiveness of different protest strategies. Analysis shows that strike threats and strikes were effective in gaining concessions from the government or employers in over eighty percent of the events in which these strategies were employed. These findings challenge prevailing notions of a weak labor movement in Poland. The implications of the study of protest for evaluating “the two faces of labor” and for democratic consolidation are explored.

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Franka, Paweł, and Anna Wisz. "Polityka pieniężna Narodowego Banku Polskiego od roku 1989." Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, no. 1 (December 5, 2015): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2015.1.8.

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The article discusses the activities of National Bank of Poland during the past twenty-five year and more specifically in the years 1989–2013 with particular emphasis on monetary policy. During this time, the Polish central bank has undergone fundamental change, starting from the position of the so-called monobank, i.e. bank without autonomy in activities, characteristic of planned economy. The article describes the process of transformation of the National Bank of Poland to the role of a central bank operating in a market economy. The paper emphasizes all the important events in the transform

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Malczyńska-Biały, Mira. "Consumer Policy in Poland in the Period of Transformation." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 35, no. 1 (2017): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sho-2017-0009.

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Abstract The article is based on an analysis of Polish and international legal acts, government programs and literature, and aims at presenting the concept and the scope of consumer policy in the period of systemic transformation in Poland. The publication features an analysis of the major factors shaping consumer policy in Poland in the years 1989-2004. Selected international legal acts affecting consumer protection in the years 1989-1997 were also analyzed. Elements of consumer policy present in selected governmental economic programs in the period of transformation were synthesized. It was

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Skrukwa, Grzegorz. "Between a Relic of the Past and a Socialist Duty: Child and Adolescent Labour in ‘Comunist Poland’ in the Light of Literary Fiction for Young People (1948–1980)." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 41, no. 2 (2023): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.007.

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This paper examines the cultural image of child and adolescent labor performed in the People’s Republic of Poland in the years 1948–1989 as was presented in the literary fiction addressed to the young people. During the Stalinist period, literature officially condemned child labor on individual farms, but affirmed the labor of adolescent workers in state industry and construction. After the 1956 Thaw, the subject matter of labor was receding into the background, for several reasons. Nevertheless, the post-1956 youth literature also featured labor-related themes: community works, school coopera

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Zaręba, Agnieszka. "Zmiana wizerunku uchodźcy i migranta wśród społeczeństwa polskiego na wybranych przykładach." Studia Politologiczne, no. 2/2023(68) (June 20, 2023): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2023.68.14.

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The purpose of the article is to indicate the variability of the image of a refugee and a migrant in Poland. The change of image is directly related to the intensity of media coverage and specific conditions resulting from the international and current situation in a given country. In the case of Poland, we have several examples in which the image in the context changed from a refugee to a migrant, from a positive perception to a negative perception of specific national groups, but reverse processes were observed, from the image of a labour migrant to a refugee. The article has been divided in

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Grewiński, Mirosław. "Punkty zwrotne i kierunki rozwoju polskiej polityki społecznej po 1989 roku." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica 32, no. 405 (2025): 25–54. https://doi.org/10.24917/20813333.32.2.

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Artykuł przedstawia punkty zwrotne i kierunki rozwoju polityki społecznej w Polsce po 1989 roku. Autor charakteryzuje procesy reformy polityki społecznej w Polsce, ukazując tło problemów i wyzwań, które zmieniły się na przestrzeni ostatnich trzech dekad. Artykuł przedstawia również deficyty i błędy, które popełniono podczas reformowania instytucji i usług społecznych. Na koniec autor przedstawia scenariusze rozwoju polityki społecznej w Polsce, wskazując na różne różnice wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne, które mogą wpłynąć na przyszłość modelu państwa opiekuńczego w Polsce. The article presents turning

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Paradysz, Stanisław. "Industrialization, deindustrialization and the beginning of re-industrialization in Poland." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 60, no. 6 (2015): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0828.

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This article aims to provide information about 1634 new industrial workplaces employing 100 or more people, built in Poland in years 1949–1988 and 2276 plants of the same size, existing before 1949 as well as about the transformation of these companies after 1989. The article describes a statistical survey of industrial plants, discusses the industrialization of the country, the scale and causes of liquidation of the factories after 1989. In addition, the state of the industry in Poland after 25 years of transformation and brought closer to the origins of reindustrialization of our country are

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Maier, Marta. "LABOR MARKET POLICY IN POLAND AGAINST AGING SOCIETY." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, no. 489 (2017): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2017.489.21.

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Podgórzańska, Renata. "Polish Involvement in Peacekeeping Operations and Stabilisation Missions from the Perspective of The Foreign Policy." Reality of Politics 5, no. 1 (2014): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/rop201405.

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The involvement of Poland in the activities of the international community for strengthening peace, security and stability in conflict-prone states and regions was one of significant elements of the foreign policy pursued afier 1989. It assumed various forms, from diplomatic initiatives and activities, to the direct participation in international peacekeeping operations and stabilisation missions. The involvement of Poland in the activities of the international community for strengthening peace, security and stability in conflict-prone states and regions was one of significant elements of the

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Skocpol, Theda, Kenneth Finegold, and Michael Goldfield. "Explaining New Deal Labor Policy." American Political Science Review 84, no. 4 (1990): 1297–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1963265.

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The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) of 1935 represented a turning point in modern labor relations policy in the United States. In the December 1989 issue of this Review, Michael Goldfield examined the effects of worker insurgency and radical organization on the enactment of the new labor law and rejected theories that emphasized the autonomy of the state from societal forces. In this Controversy, Theda Skocpol and Kenneth Finegold argue that the growing strength of liberal Democrats in Congress following the 1934 election and the failure of the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) as an

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Fatalski, Marcin. "Foreign Policy of the Polish People’s Republic on Mexico 1945-1989." Ad Americam 19 (February 8, 2019): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/adamericam.19.2018.19.04.

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In the period between 1945-1989, Polish-Mexican relations were determined by the Cold War rivalry. Poland remained in the Soviet sphere of influence and its sovereignty was limited by Moscow. Although controlled by the Kremlin, Poland had its own initiatives in foreign policy. Warsaw considered Mexico to be the most important partner in Latin America (not to mention the communist ally, Castro of Cuba), thus Polish diplomacy made many efforts to strengthen mutual political, cultural and economic relations. Mexico, with its independent foreign policy, progressive state ideology and tremendous ma

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Zybura, Marek. "Wrocław’s cultural heritage in the city’s historical policy." Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka 78, no. 2 (2023): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/skhs.2023.2.31.50.

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Until the political breakthrough of 1989/90, the cultural heritage of Wrocław had been the subject of an irresolvable historical and ideological dispute between Germany and Poland, burdening their mutual relations. The exclusive use of the national paradigm by both sides in their approach to the city’s history made it impossible to bring their stances closer together. The author shows this dispute against the background of the general Polish attitude to the phenomenon of German cultural heritage in Poland after World War II and explains its evolution in Wrocław and Silesia.

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Tebinka, Jacek. "Gdańsk in British Diplomacy, 1945–1989." Studia Historica Gedanensia 13 (2022): 251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23916001hg.22.016.17436.

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Great Britain participated in the decision at the Potsdam Conference to hand over to Poland the territory of the former Free City of Danzig. The area was not recognized as part of Germany by the Great Powers. The aim of the article is to analyze the role that Gdańsk played in British policy towards Poland from the end of the Second World War to the fall of communist rule. It is based on archival research in the National Archives, Kew, supplemented by published British and Polish diplomatic documents, diaries and academic literature on the subject. Based on these sources, the author argues that

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Kapela, Magdalena. "Labor Costs and Localization in Global Value Chains: Comparative Analysis and Conclusions for Poland." Foundations of Management 11, no. 1 (2019): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fman-2019-0019.

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AbstractLabor costs in Poland are relatively low in comparison to other European Union (EU) countries. After long period of functioning Poland in closed economy, conditions significantly weakened the level of its competitiveness in the international market. When the boards were opened in 1989, it became clear that cheap work force was one of the most important factors to attract foreign investments. At the same time, globalization and internationalization of production created opportunity for entrepreneurs to establish global value chains. Participation in global value chain (GVC) of Poland ca

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Terry, Sarah Meiklejohn. "Poland's foreign policy since 1989: the challenges of independence." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 33, no. 1 (2000): 7–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(99)00024-0.

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In its first decade of post-communist independence, Poland achieved far more than most dared believe in 1989. Despite domestic political and economic turmoil, it has joined Europe as a new member of NATO and a prospective member of the EU. This article traces the evolution of Polish foreign policy since 1989 over four time periods: First, the early uncertainties from 1989 to 1992 when Warsaw — caught between a reunifying Germany and a collapsing USSR — was intent on solidifying its relations with Central European neighbors. Second, the watershed year of 1993, which witnessed changes in every a

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Malendowicz, Paweł. "Reminiscencja marksizmu-leninizmu w XXI wieku? Przykład Komunistycznej Partii Polski i Polskiej Socjalistycznej Partii Robotniczej." Polityka i Społeczeństwo 19, no. 1 (2021): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2021.1.5.

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In 2002, the Communist Party of Poland and the Polish Socialist Workers’ Party were founded. Their programs were based on Marxism-Leninism. These parties were marginal organizations and did not play any significant role in the Polish political system. They made a positive but biased assessment of the period of socialism in Poland before 1989. This assessment was justified by the communist ideology. The Communist Party of Poland and the Polish Socialist Workers’ Party negatively assessed the political and economic transformation in Poland after 1989. They also criticized Poland's inclusion in t

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Szulborska-Lukaszewicz, J. "Trends in cultural policy and culture management in Poland (1989-2014)." Zarzadzanie w kulturze, no. 17, 2 (2016): 107–24.

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Szulborska-Lukaszewicz, Joanna. "Trends in Cultural Policy and Culture Management in Poland (1989 - 2014 )." Zarzadzanie w kulturze, no. 16, 3 (2015): 221–40.

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Fedorowicz, Krzysztof. "National Identity and National Interest in Polish Eastern Policy, 1989–2004." Nationalities Papers 35, no. 3 (2007): 537–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990701368761.

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The processes of democratic social and political changes in Poland that have gained momentum since 1989 have radically altered the foundations and the goals of Polish foreign policy. In addition to re-establishing Polish interests as the basis for foreign policy, they have also started the process of establishing a new element of Polish diplomacy, namely its eastern policy. In these altered political conditions it was the right time to ask the question of how to establish new relationships in the East, how to normalize relations with the USSR and, finally, what stance should be adopted towards

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Simakhova, Anastasiia. "POLICY OF EMPLOYEMENT IN POLAND AND ITS EXPIERENCE FOR UKRAINE." Європейський вектор економічного розвитку 2, no. 31 (2021): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5362-2021-2-31-8.

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A significant part of the state’s social policy is employment policy, which is one of the most important macroeconomic parameters. Employment affects the income of the population and general well-being. Poland’s positive experience in these matters is especially important for Ukraine, which as a result of the pandemic has found itself in a more difficult social situation than most European countries. In Poland, the issues of social policy models have been undertaken for many years by many researchers: Chojnacka, Gomułka, Frączak and Wygnański, Mendell et al. These authors focused on the issues

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Borecki, Paweł. "Zasada niezależności państwa i związków wyznaniowych w prawie polskim – zagadnienia podstawowe w ujęciu krytycznym." Studia Iuridica, no. 89 (May 2, 2022): 9–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3135.si.2022-89.1.

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The principle of independence of the state and the Church is one of the fundamental norms of religious relations in contemporary Poland. It is permanently embedded in the Polish legal system. It appears in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997 and in the Concordat of 1993. It was also expressed in the Act of 1989 on Guarantees of Freedom of Conscience and Religion and in individual denominational acts of 1989‒1997. On the other hand, this principle is contradicted by the denominational laws of 1928 and 1936. The principle of independence of the state and religious associations app

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Miller-Klejsa, Anna. "Michelangelo Antonioni’s tetralogy of alienation on cinema screens in the People’s Republic of Poland: A study of the critical reception." Journal of Italian Cinema & Media Studies 12, no. 4 (2024): 559–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jicms_00284_1.

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The People’s Republic of Poland, an undemocratic state that existed from 1947 to 1989, was politically dependent on the Soviet Union. It relied on its cultural policy of heavily rationing access to products made in capitalist countries; few exceptions were made to this policy, but of them, Italian director and filmmaker Michelangelo Antonioni’s filmography was one of the most important, even though not all of his films were released to the Polish public until 1989. This article focuses on the critical reception of Michelangelo Antonioni’s ‘tetralogy of alienation’ in the People’s Republic of P

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Szczepański, Andrzej. "Jewish education in post-war Legnica asa component of ethnic policy of the ‘People’s Poland’." Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy 3, no. 44 (2022): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1791.

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Ethnic policy pursued in Poland i.e. in the years 1944 –1989 was characterized by the lack of a uniform approach to dealing with non-Polish residents of the state. Although its main objective was to create a nationally homogeneous society, ethnic fragmentation of the country was allowed at selected times, granting certain privileges to national minorities. Consequently, their education, which is an immanent part of the aforementioned policy, was also subject to significant modifications, among others, in organizational, ideological and programme terms. The overriding objective of the article w

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Staręga-Piasek, Joanna. "Local government, social policy and social assistance: development paths since 1989/1990." Praca Socjalna 35, no. 4 (2020): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3587.

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The paper discusses the first and second local government reform in Poland. The article describes the essence of social assistance institutions: social assistance centers, county family assistance centers and regional social policy centers. The article ends with consideration of the place of social assistance in local government social policy.

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Yelova, Tetiana. "UKRAINE IN POLISH EASTERN POLICY OF 1990s: THE WAY TO PARTNERSHIP." Міжнародні відносини, суспільні комунікації та регіональні студії, no. 2 (8) (November 26, 2020): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2524-2679-2020-02-127-136.

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With the collapse of the Soviet system and the start of systemic transformations in Central and Eastern Europe, which began at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s, there was an urgent need to review the existing system of international relations and find new formats for interstate and interethnic relations development. Polish-Ukrainian relations were no exception in this process. In the period of 1989-1999, Ukraine occupied a very important place in the foreign policy of the Republic of Poland, holding a leading position in Polish Eastern policy. It is at this time that the bilateral relatio

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Podgórzańska, Renata. "Public Opinion and Foreign Policy of the State. Analysis from the Perspective of Polish Foreign Policy." Reality of Politics 6, no. 1 (2015): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/rop201505.

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For the purposes of this article it has been assumed that public opinion is a rapidly changing state of consciousness of large social groups, made up of more or less stable ideas and beliefs, relating to debatable issues, which has a direct or indirect impact on the current or future interests of society by its properties. This article aims to analyze the impact of public opinion on Polish foreign policy after 1989. The article assumes that: the public opinion has an impact on decisions affecting foreign policy, although the extent of this impact is very different and often is purely indirect;

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Szczepaniak-Sienniak, Joanna. "PERIODISATION OF CHANGES IN STATE FAMILY POLICY IN POLAND BETWEEN 1989 AND 2022." Polityka Społeczna LI, no. 598 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.4945.

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The subject of this article is the periodization of changes in the state family policy in Poland that took place in the years 1989–2022, in order to systematize on this basis the main directions, priorities and instruments of the title policy as well as the most significant events, activities and turning points in a given area. This analysis shows a multi-aspect perspective on the assessment of the evolution of family policy in Poland in the years 1989–2022. Indicates, among others: periods in which there was a significant expansion of the scope of state intervention in the functioning of the

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Dredge, Dianne. "Tourism Reform, Policy and Development in Queensland, 1989–2011." Queensland Review 18, no. 2 (2011): 152–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/qr.18.2.152.

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Tourism has been a major driver of economic and social development in Queensland since the end of World War II. In 2011, tourism's direct contribution to the economy was estimated to be $7.8 billion, and it generated direct employment of an estimated 118,000 full-time equivalent jobs (Queensland Tourism 2011). The multiplier effects of tourism account for another $9.2 billion, making it the most important component of the state's service sector. These figures suggest that the approach adopted by the Labor government over the last two decades to manage and develop Queensland tourism has general

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Filatov, Andrii. "FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE EDUCATION IN POLAND IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20TH – EARLY 21TH CENTURY." Osvitolohiya, no. 10 (2021): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2226-3012.2021.1011.

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The article represents an overview and substantiation of the peculiarities of the formation and development of corporate education in Poland in the second half of the 20th - early 21th century. The definition of ‘corporate education’ in the context of adult education is clarified in the text. The importance of the experience of corporate education of the Republic of Poland as a component of adult education for the Ukrainian education system was noted. The purpose of the article is a theoretical substantiation of the peculiarities of the formation and development of corporate education in Polan

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Žídek, Libor. "Transformation in Poland." Review of Economic Perspectives 11, no. 4 (2011): 237–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10135-011-0015-x.

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Transformation in Poland The paper analyses transformation process in Poland between 1989 and 2004. The goal of the paper is to clarify the most important steps in the economic policy that were carried out in this period. The structure of the paper follows this general goal. We first of all analyse economic development of the country before the fall of the communist regime because this determined the whole following process. Then we shortly mention political development that had a significant impact on the transformation process, and its results. In the next part we concentrate on the main ste

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Antonowicz, Dominik, and Mateusz Grodecki. "Missing the goal: Policy evolution towards football-related violence in Poland (1989–2012)." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 53, no. 4 (2016): 490–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690216662011.

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The article aims to analyse the evolution of governmental policy in regard to football-related violence in Poland. The investigation is seen through a broader political prism of the country’s modernization efforts that were symbolically framed by two major events: the partially free parliamentary elections in 1989 and the finals of Euro 2012 co-hosted by Poland. The paper offers a discussion on policy dynamics stemmed from politicization and instrumentalization of the complex problem of hooliganism. By doing so, it demonstrates how, under external political pressure and in search for internal

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KORDAS, Jerzy, and Andrzej KUDŁASZYK. "POLAND BETWEEN USSR (RUSSIA) AND FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (GERMANY) IN THE FIRST STAGE OF TRANSFORMATION (1989-1992). SELECTED PROBLEMS." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 160, no. 2 (2011): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.2971.

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The paper presents the first years of transformation in Polish policy referring to relations with USSR (Russia) and Federal Republic of Germany (Germany), after the year 1989.Radical reorientation of Polish foreign and commercial policy from east to west was described as well. The process was taking place smoothly not to disturb the course taken by Mikhail Gorbachev, which was supported by both Poland and the West. It rested on building bonds between Poland and Germany, which were introducing Poland to “stay for good” in the Western World. It was accompanied by building a brand new “security a

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Fodor, Eva, Christy Glass, Janette Kawachi, and Livia Popescu. "Family policies and gender in Hungary, Poland, and Romania." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 35, no. 4 (1997): 475–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(02)00030-2.

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This paper discusses changes and new directions in the gendered nature of the welfare state in three post-state socialist societies: Hungary, Poland and Romania. Relying on an analysis of laws and regulations passed after 1989 concerning child care, maternity and parental leave, family support, unemployment and labor market policies, retirement and abortion laws, the authors identify the differences and the similarities among the three countries, pointing out not only their status in 2001, but also their trajectory, the dynamics and timing of their change. The authors argue that there are esse

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Bąk-Pitucha, Aneta. "The policy of the Polish authorities towards national and ethnic minorities after 1989." Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej 19, no. 3 (2021): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.3.9.

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The aim of this article is to analyse the Polish authorities’ policy towards national and ethnic minorities after 1989, after the collapse of real socialism in Poland. The author gives an overview of the historical and sociopolitical situation of these minorities in Poland. The main point of consideration is the position and functioning of national and ethnic minorities on the basis of law, their political activity in parliamentary and local elections, as well as the attitude of leading Polish political parties towards the issues of national and ethnic minorities. National and ethnic minoritie

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Chełminiak, M., and W. Kotowicz. "The foreign policy of Poland and the Kaliningrad region in 1989—2012." Baltic Region 4 (2012): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2012-4-6.

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Chałupczak, Henryk. "ETHNIC POLICY OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND AFTER 1989. DETERMINANTS AND SPECIFICS." Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych, no. 8 (July 3, 2015): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/teka.2013.0.8.24.

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Istotą artykułu jest próba pogłębionej refleksji na temat charakteru polityki etnicznej państwa polskiego po roku 1989, a więc w okresie transformacji ustrojowej. Punktem wyjścia rozważań są autorskie odniesienia do specyfiki i istoty polityki etnicznej jako polityki szczegółowej państwa, przede wszystkim w świetle paradygmatu badawczego właściwego badaniom politologicznym. Analizy dotyczą tak zagadnień teoretycznych, jak i praktycznych, w tym determinantów badanej polityki, instytucji/podmiotów ją kreujących, etapów, głównych koncepcji, zakresu realizacji oraz bilansu. Autor konkluduje, że re

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Anioł, Wlodzimierz. "On three modernisation narratives in Poland after 1989." International Journal of Social Economics 42, no. 9 (2015): 777–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-03-2015-0075.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look at the process of socio-economic modernization experienced by Poland in the period following the fall of communism in 1989 through the lens of three major narratives in domestic public discourse: the neoliberal, the conservative and the social democratic. Each of them distributes differently the accents, not only as regards preferred values and directions of change but also the modality, methods and pace of their introduction. Design/methodology/approach – The reflections are inspired by a constructivist approach, stressing the large impact of ide

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Zięba, Ryszard. "Twenty Years of Poland's Euro-Atlantic Foreign Policy." International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal 13, no. 1 (2011): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10223-011-0004-2.

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During the years 1989-1991, after a deep transformation of the internal system and the international order in Europe, Poland pursued a sovereign foreign policy. The new policy had the following general goals: 1) to develop a new international security system which would guarantee Poland’s national security; 2) to gain diplomatic support for the reforms conducted in Poland, including primarily the transformation of the economy and its adaption to free market mechanisms, which were designed to result in economic growth; and 3) to maintain and increase the international prestige of Poland and the

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Śliwerski, Bogusław. "Crisis of democracy and education reforms in Poland after 30 years of political transformation." Facta Simonidis 13, no. 1 (2020): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/fs.90.

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In this article I explain the reasons for betrayal of elites in the context of fundamental assumptions of the “Solidarity” movement in the years of 1980-1989. As a result, Polish society abandoned the deliberative and participatory democracy. I look at how education as a science and practice of education fits into democratization of the Polish state and society. The key meaning for me has the perception of education as a common good, as environments and entities, institutions or management practices which participate in the democratic society. In the transition period in Poland from 1989 till

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Landmann, Tomasz. "Legal regulations in the field of cultural heritage protection in Poland after 1989 – evaluation attempt." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 187, no. 1 (2018): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.7360.

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This article attempts to analyze the legal regulations developed in the field of cultural heritage protection after 1989, with particular reference to the acquis after 2003. A thesis has been formulated that the period after 1989 was characterized by a clear redefinition of objectives and priorities in the field of cultural heritage protection compared to the period of the People’s Republic of Poland. To prove the thesis, the author referred to legal acts and jurisprudence, as well as to literature based on studies and articles from scientific journals on the legal protection of monuments. The

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Ptaszyńska, Barbara. "Dezaktywizacja zawodowa społecznym skutkiem transformacji." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2012, no. 6 (2012): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2012.06.3.

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The observed increase in the labor market deactivation is one of the most important effects of changes in Poland. While in the EU countries we can observe an increasing labor force participation rate, in Poland we note the continuing downward trend. One reason for this phenomenon is the deactivation of near retirement aged persons. It is related to the possibility to take advantage of early retirement or other benefits. One of the main reasons for this process is the employment policy in transition.

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Robinson, Shirleene. "Queensland Labor and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex and Queer Policy." Queensland Review 18, no. 2 (2011): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/qr.18.2.207.

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Since the Australian Labor Party came to power in Queensland in 1989, social attitudes towards the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex and queer (LGBTIQ) community have undergone significant change. In 1989, the decriminalisation of male-to-male homosexuality was the subject of intense debate, even within the ALP, which ultimately put forward the legislation. Today, policies have evolved considerably, with the Queensland ALP endorsing gay marriage and Anna Bligh, the current Queensland Labor Premier, releasing a YouTube video for the ‘It Gets Better’ campaign to give hope to LGBT you

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Płonka‑Syroka, Bożena, Marek Stych, and Piotr Pryjda. "Szczepienia dzieci w Polsce przeciw chorobom zakaźnym (1945–1989) – analiza ich kontekstu historycznego, podstaw prawnych i efektywności." Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica 23, no. 1 (2024): 534–84. https://doi.org/10.15290/mhi.2024.23.01.21.

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The idea of universal preventive vaccination of children was initiated in Europe at the beginning of the 19th century. Mass vaccinations against smallpox were then introduced by Austria, Prussia, Spain and the United Kingdom. The anti-epidemic measures taken in Poland in 1945–1989, including preventive vaccination, were a continuation of those of the Second Polish Republic (1918–1939) and were carried out using the experience, staff and institutions from before 1939. The article presents the medical basis for universal preventive vaccination in Europe and Poland until 1989, and discusses its e

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Staszewski, Wojciech Szczepan. "Polityka traktatowa Polski w zakresie umów o przyjaźni i współpracy po „Jesieni ludów” 1989 r." Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej 17, no. 1 (2019): 281–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2019.1.13.

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A state’s treaty policy constitutes a significant aspect of the foreign policy to every country. The transformations in Poland and in the other Central and Eastern European countries launched by the events described as “Autumn of Nations” of 1989 have brought fundamental changes to the several governments and the international community, including Poland’s, which demanded a revision of the Polish treaty policy. Due to the fact that the bilateral Treaties of Friendship and Cooperation reflect the priorities of foreign policy and indicate the characteristics of the bilateral relations, they play

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