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1
Železník, Martin. « Labor Market Regulation and its Characteristics : Comparison Between Czech Republic and Austria ». Review of Economic Perspectives 11, no 2 (1 janvier 2011) : 93–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10135-011-0009-8.
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Labor Market Regulation and its Characteristics: Comparison Between Czech Republic and Austria In this paper, we are trying to compare the labor market regulation in the Czech Republic and Austria and its structural parameters that characterize the given labor markets. In order to do that, we estimate the New-Keynesian model with matching frictions and nominal wage rigidities. Labor market regulation is proxied by worker's bargaining power over the wage. This main parameter is moving inside the interval and express a share of the total surplus that arises from filling the vacancy. In fact it expresses the state of who gains more from the added value that the vacancy is filled (worker or employer). Results indicate that workers in Austria and the Czech Republic have almost the same bargaining power that arises from the labor market settings.
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Maidanik, I. P. « Place of the migration component on the labor market of the Czech Republic ». Ukrainian society 27, no 4 (30 décembre 2008) : 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2008.04.018.
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The contemporary state of migration processes in the Czech Republic is considered. On the basis of the analysis of a database of vacancies for foreign workers, the main characteristics of the demand of the Czech labor market for the manpower from the other countries, including Ukraine, are clarified. It is revealed which professions are most required on the Czech labor market, which branches need mostly the labor of foreign workers, etc.
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Terrell, Katherine, et Vit Sorm. « Labor Market Policies and Unemployment in the Czech Republic ». Journal of Comparative Economics 27, no 1 (mars 1999) : 33–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcec.1998.1575.
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Náplava, Radek. « Changing structure of Employment in Europe : Polarization Issue ». Review of Economic Perspectives 19, no 4 (1 décembre 2019) : 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2019-0016.
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Abstract In recent years, labor markets have experienced a polarization phenomenon, with the rise of low-skill and high-skill workers, and a decline in the number of middle-skill workers. The polarization of the labor market has been most often investigated in the US, UK, and some European countries. This paper shows the changes in the employment structure in all EU countries between 2008 and 2017. Attention is also paid to the Czech Republic and change during 1993 and 2017. The added value of the article lies in two factors. The first is the division of skills by industry in which the worker is located and not by occupational classification, the second is an explicit view of the Czech Republic. The results provide some evidence about the polarization of the labor market in twenty-one EU countries. Results imply polarization also in the Czech Republic during a longer period, because the number of high-skilled and low-skilled workers increased by 6.63 p. p. and by 1.16 p. p. respectively, at the expense of middle-skilled workers.
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Latina, Lubor. « Labour Market in the Czech Republic ». Der Donauraum 42, no 1-2 (décembre 2002) : 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/dnrm.2002.42.12.74.
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Palát, Milan. « Analysis of labour market in the Czech Republic with respect to unemployment considering other countries of EU ». Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 57, no 6 (2009) : 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200957060189.
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The paper deals with the analysis of labour market in the Czech Republic with respect to unemployment considering other countries of EU and existing economic development. Evaluation has been carried out of the specific development of labour market, employment and unemployment in the Czech Republic in the period 1993–2008, incl. possible causes and trends of the development and international comparison of selected characteristics of labour market using adequate quantitative methods. Analysis of the Czech labour market during the period of its existence includes the evaluation of supply and demand in the labour market. The most important causes were monitored of changes in the supply in the labour market affected by the demographic development and social environment and substantial causes of changes in the demand in the labour market, which were affected by the performance of the given economics, by the growth of labour productivity and the number of available jobs. This is followed by assessing the development of unemployment in the Czech Republic and European Union. Substantial aspects were identified of the development of labour market and unemployment in the Czech Republic and EU as a whole and trends of the future development were indicated in the studied area. The international comparison of selected characteristics of labour market in the member countries of EU carried out by means of quantitative methods allowed to assess high differences among unemployment rates in this community and created another information source regarding the position of the Czech Republic in the European Union during the selected reference period. Significant differences in unemployment between all member countries point out to marked structural or institutional differences in labour markets in particular countries. Only a negligible percentage out of the total economically active population in the European Union migrates over the border of its member countries. This situation only augments a durable long-term unemployment growth in particular countries. Beside the insufficient labour force movement throughout Europe a next important problem in structural unemployment presents e.g., the incongruity in qualifications between supply and demand on the labour market. The current financial and economic crisis has cut at all previous positive unemployment development during a few months.
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Strielkowski, Wadim. « Undeclared Work in the Czech Republic and its Implications for the Czech Labor Market ». Central European Business Review 2, no 4 (31 décembre 2013) : 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/j.cebr.59.
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Motruk, Svitlana. « Migration of Ukrainians to the Czech Republic in the Context of European Integration processes of the 21st Century ». European Historical Studies, no 15 (2020) : 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2020.15.5.
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On the basis of a large variety of documents and materials the article analyses the preconditions, main stage and consequences of the Ukrainian migration to the Czech Republic during the period of European integration. The article defines the problems of the migration and the prospects for its development in the 21st century. The author emphasises globalization, world conditions, scientific and technological progress, specialization of markets at regional level, social and public labor potential as the key factors of labor mobility, as well as geopolitical and geocultural factors, that changes people’s world outlook in the context of information society. The study focuses on the main reasons for migration from Ukraine to Czech Republic (relatively stable and positive situation in the Czech economy in comparison to the Ukrainian, position in the labor market, the cultural and linguistic similarities, the long history of mutual migration processes). In addition, the author points out at a number of the modern trends of the migration (the quantitative growth of migrant workers and students in absolute numbers as well as in percentage, the growing number of Ukrainians with the Czech residence permit, the transformation of the social structure of migrants, permanent illegal employment). The changes in the migration policy of the Czech Republic after accession to the EU, its political and social context, positive and negative effects, the contents of the so-called «Ukraine Project» and «Ukraine Mode» are examined. The growing impact of the Ukrainian migrants on the development of the Czech economy and society is underlined. The article identifies of the modern migration as a phenomenon, which is being institutionalized and which transforms from a traditional social movement into a structured social organism (diaspora, network of national public associations, infrastructure of the migration services market, etc.), and thus into the subject and instrument of regulation of the people’s economic activity. Some aspects of the Ukrainian diaspora life in Czech Republic are considered.
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Davidová, Monika, Vladan Holcner, Libor Jílek et Alojz Flachbart. « Remuneration of Professional Soldiers in the Czech Republic and in the Slovak Republic ». Vojenské rozhledy 30, no 4 (30 novembre 2021) : 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3849/2336-2995.30.2021.04.123-140.
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The paper analyses differences in remuneration of professional soldiers in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic between 1999 and 2020. This structural analysis focuses on changes in respective remuneration systems and their design. Results of the presented research enable to identify differences in the development of remuneration of professional soldiers after the split of the Czechoslovak Federation in 1993. The paper submits development of the amounts of salary for selected military ranks, their comparison and relation to general trends in domestic labor market and relation to average costs of living in respective countries. Between 2016 and 2019, salaries of professional soldiers grew higher in the Czech Republic than in the Slovak Republic, in 2020, the pay gap is already narrowing.
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Jindrová, Andrea, et Hana Vostrá Vydrová. « Modelling dependence indicators of labor market using advanced statistical methods ». Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no 4 (2012) : 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260040165.
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Aim this paper is an analysis of disparities in the labor market in the Czech Republic. It is based on qualitative indicators. Unemployment is today increasingly perceived as a negative factor that affects the labor market and economy of the state. Due to the nature of the data, categorical data analysis and logistic regression was selected to reveal opportunities to change the role of unemployed persons to employed ones on the labor market. Cluster analysis on categorical data was used for division of regions into similar groups based on parameters affecting the market status of mentioned person in the labor market. Statistical calculations were performed in SPSS statistical software, version 18. The data from the Labor Force Survey was used for evaluation. Specifically, the fourth quarter of 2009, differentiated according to the NUTS 3 (regions of the Czech Republic). These factors were evaluated: age group, highest completed education, disability, participation in informal education, registration in employment office and family status. Based on the analysis we can conclude that the labor market in the CR is considerably regionally, educationally and physically structured. The workforce of individual does not always have the same weight for an employer. More likely to become unemployed, are people with lower education, disabled people and people who are divorced or widowed. Contrariwise, higher chances to be to employed have people who are registered in employment office and are further self-educating people.
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Železník, Martin. « Labour Market in the Czech Republic : Dsge Approach ». Review of Economic Perspectives 18, no 3 (1 septembre 2018) : 225–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2018-0011.
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Abstract This paper deals with the comparison of two versions of the DSGE model, supplemented with labour market frictions, based on different data used. One of the data sets has been pre-filtered with the HP filter (lambda set to 1) to get rid of any noise and the other with the original data series with measurement errors allowed. I compare the models with the following tools: parameters estimation, impulse response analysis, standard deviation and cross-correlations and recursive forecast. I also present the historical shock decomposition of the labour market variables to provide the explanation of the development in the Czech labour market, which is considered the most efficient labour market in Europe of the last couple of years with the lowest unemployment rate.
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Ryczkowski, Maciej, et Marek Zinecker. « Gender unemployment in the Czech and Polish labour market ». Argumenta Oeconomica 2020, no 2 (2020) : 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2020.2.09.
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Making use of EU-Labour Force Survey data, the authors estimated logistic regressions with a maximum likelihood method and found that gender unemployment risk was largely explained by human capital, marital status, receiving financial support, job experience and gender discrimination in both Poland and the Czech Republic. The gender unemployment risk gap amounted to 8% and 10% in Poland and the Czech Republic, respectively. Although the impact of marital status was significant and considerable, married women in the Czech Republic benefited from their marital status on average three times less than men in the Czech Republic, and men and women in Poland. In both countries only women aged below 30 were ‘rewarded’, while women beyond 50 years of age were penalized in terms of unemployment risk. As opposed to that, men up to 60 years old have their unemployment risk reduced all else equalled. The authors argue that this form of possible discrimination in some respects is a better measure of injustice than the commonly used pay gap and it constitutes an alternative dimension of ‘gender inequality’. The results can contribute to better targeted policies against discriminatory practices by enhancing the career paths demanded in the labour market and by breaking the stereotypes rooted in the cultures of Polish and Czech societies
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Strielkowski, Wadim, et Jan Hněvkovský. « The performance of the Czech labour market after the 2004 EU enlargement ». Ekonomski anali 58, no 197 (2013) : 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka1397079h.
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This paper examines whether there has been a significant change in the performance of the Czech labour market after the Czech Republic?s EU Accession in May 2004. We analyse methodological changes of measuring unemployment caused by inevitable legislative adjustments and follow the development of the Czech labour market and the inflows of foreign workers to the Czech Republic over the past two decades. Our results show that the EU Accession resulted in simplifying foreigners? access to the Czech labour market and did not cause a significant change in its performance. Our findings might be of some relevance for the countries seeking EU Membership in the near future (e.g., Serbia or Montenegro).
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Potužáková, Zuzana. « Flexicurity - Challenge to Improve Czech Labour Market ». Review of Economic Perspectives 9, no 4 (1 janvier 2009) : 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10135-009-0005-4.
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Flexicurity - Challenge to Improve Czech Labour Market Flexicurity reflects the current basic trend of the EU in guaranteeing high employment levels and attainability of national fiscal systems. It was introduced in Denmark in the 1990s and significantly helped reduce unemployment levels. The Czech labour market, despite the transformation process, has still space for further improvement, especially in the time of economic slow-down. The best way is to try to apply elements and components which have been already successfully implemented in the other EU Member States. The aim of the paper is (based on the statistical indicators and official documents concerning labour markets topic) to describe the basic function of the model and find the components of the flexicurity model which could be used also in the Czech Republic and change labour market operation.
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Janáček, Kamil. « Unemployment and the Labor Market in Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic, 1990-1992 ». Eastern European Economics 32, no 4 (juillet 1994) : 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00128775.1994.11648536.
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Verwiebe, Roland, Christoph Reinprecht, Raimund Haindorfer et Laura Wiesboeck. « How to Succeed in a Transnational Labor Market : Job Search and Wages among Hungarian, Slovak, and Czech Commuters in Austria ». International Migration Review 51, no 1 (mars 2017) : 251–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imre.12193.
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This paper deals with job search strategies and wages among cross-border commuters residing in the Central European Region (CENTROPE). Our main aim is to investigate the role of social networks as constitutive for job searching and for successful labor market integration. We build upon a theoretical framework developed by Aguilera and Massey, reflecting on the nexus of social networks, job search methods, and related labor market outcomes. Methodologically, we use a new quantitative survey on the employment careers of cross-border commuters residing in the regions of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary bordering on Austria, conducted in the winter/spring of 2012/2013 (N = 2,573). Our results corroborate the hypothesis that human and social capital resources as well as labor market characteristics serve as key factors for job search and labor market integration among cross-border commuters in the CENTROPE transnational labor market.
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Haindorfer, Raimund. « Impacts of negative labor market experiences on the life satisfaction of European East–West mobile workers : Cross-border commuters from the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary in Austria ». Journal of Industrial Relations 62, no 2 (24 janvier 2020) : 256–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185619897087.
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This article investigates the impacts of negative labor market experiences on the life satisfaction of European East–West mobile workers by taking Czech, Slovak and Hungarian cross-border commuters working in Austria as an example. The recent literature has indicated a ‘dark side’ of East–West mobility, as many mobile Eastern Europeans face negative labor market experiences in the Western labor markets. If East–West commuters accept such experiences, employers and employees may quite easily subvert working standards, with detrimental effects on host countries that are intertwined in cross-border labor markets. Empirically, this study used a sequential mixed-methods design, based on quantitative and qualitative data from a research project on East–West commuters in Austria. The empirical findings showed that the negative labor market experiences are not important for commuters’ life satisfaction. From a multitude of those experiences under investigation, only ethnic discrimination experiences had a significantly negative impact. Instead, life satisfaction was mainly influenced by the overall health status and the perception that one’s own living conditions have improved in comparison with those of others from one’s country of origin. The in-depth qualitative findings corroborated the quantitative findings in terms of the low relevance of negative labor market experiences for the subjective assessments of commuting.
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Machová, Veronika, Veronika Šanderová, Petr Šuleř et Anna Hodinová. « Prediction of supply and demand for jobs in the Czech Republic ». SHS Web of Conferences 132 (2022) : 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213201006.
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The topic of supply and demand for jobs is a very current and important topic, as their prediction contributes to the future operation of an organization. The base source of data is information and data obtained from online databases of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic. The aim of this work is to predict the supply and demand for jobs up to 2022, using the method of exponential alignment of time series. With the existence of natural unemployment, not all job positions will be filled. In such a situation, organizations will have to demand labor from abroad. In the event that organizations are unable to secure labor from abroad, they will have to reduce their activities and the associated volume of production they produce. Last but not least, the organization can start going bankrupt. In the forecast, we do not address the structure of unemployment by the highest attained education or by profession. We see the application benefits of the work in companies that manage human resources. At present, the prediction of future development is mostly at the national level and in the Czech Republic it is at the beginning of its journey. The developed methodology will enable organizations to monitor the current situation on the labor market and respond to changes in the short and long term.
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Pertold, Filip, et Miroslava Federičová. « Expectations of older workers regarding their exit from the labour market and its realization ». Central European Economic Journal 9, no 56 (1 janvier 2022) : 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceej-2022-0007.
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Abstract The objective of the paper is to analyse the labour market behaviour of older workers, specifically cross-country differences in expectations regarding the exit from the labour market and subsequent realization. Using longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data and econometric analysis, we provide an international comparison of the situation of older workers in the Czech Republic with the other countries of Europe. The data show that although expectations about work activity at the age of 63 are quite similar in the Czech Republic from an international perspective, the work activity realized differs significantly between the Czech Republic and other countries. Our principal finding is that the Czech Republic has a high rate of unexpected retirements compared to all other European countries included in this analysis, even if we control for the socioeconomic background of respondents. The econometric analyses further show that up to about one-third of this difference can be explained by the lower retirement age set by the institutional environment in the Czech Republic, which is anticipated by employees at preretirement age. Conversely, the health status of older workers, and even the different allocation of employees to physically demanding occupations, does not have a significant impact on these cross-country differences in unexpected retirements.
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Basu, Swati, Saul Estrin et Jan Svejnar. « Employment Determination in Enterprises under Communism and in Transition : Evidence from Central Europe ». ILR Review 58, no 3 (avril 2005) : 353–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390505800303.
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The authors present a comparative analysis of employment determination in four transition economies as they moved from central planning to a market economy in the early 1990s. They use firm-level panel data sets from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia to estimate dynamic employment equations for the period from immediately before to immediately after the start of transition. For the most part, firms appear to have been quick to adjust employment to wage levels, and there is little evidence of labor hoarding. There were important cross-country variations in the determinants of employment during the reform process, however. Hungarian and Polish firms started the transition already substantially reformed, and became even more responsive to market signals as transition proceeded. In contrast, firms in the Czech and Slovak Republics started in the completely unresponsive mode characteristic of central planning, but rapidly caught up with their counterparts in Hungary and Poland.
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Kotrusová, Miriam, et Klára Výborná. « A policy fiasco : The institutional (non-)reform of Czech public employment services in 2011 ». Central European Journal of Public Policy 9, no 1 (1 mai 2015) : 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cejpp-2016-0007.
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Abstract The article deals with an institutional reform of public employment services implemented in the Czech Republic in 2011. By merging social benefits administration with employment services into the newly established Labour Office of the Czech Republic, the right-wing government attempted to reduce the staffing and administrative costs of these services and to improve the governance of local labour offices. Using the theoretical concept of “policy fiasco” and taking an interpretive perspective thereon, we analyse these organisational changes in the functioning of public employment services in the Czech Republic. Our data consist of interviews with experts on labour market policy in the Czech Republic and two focus groups with employees of labour offices who had participated in the reform process. We conclude that the institutional reform of public employment services in the Czech Republic in 2011 can be referred to as a policy fiasco in the sense of the theoretical concept used in the work of Bovens and t’Hart (1998).
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Hamplová, Dana, Jana Klímová Chaloupková et Renáta Topinková. « More Money, Less Housework ? Relative Resources and Housework in the Czech Republic ». Journal of Family Issues 40, no 18 (22 juillet 2019) : 2823–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x19864988.
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The article explores the association between housework, earnings, and education. In contrast to the majority of existing studies from Western countries, this article tests the bargaining theory in the Czech Republic. Given the high female labor force participation coupled with a tendency for women to drop out of the labor market for several years after childbirth, the country provides an interesting context to test the theory. Using data from the first wave of the Czech Household Panel, we apply multilevel mixed-effect regressions and analyze the index expressing the relative division of housework between the male and female partners. We demonstrate that in this institutional context, economic factors such as the woman’s education and her absolute or relative earning have little explanatory power for the way housework is shared. Furthermore, we show that the man’s education is a better predictor of the division of housework than the woman’s education.
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Vesela, Kamila, et David Krizek. « Gender inequality on the labour market in the Czech Republic ». SHS Web of Conferences 129 (2021) : 09023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112909023.
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Research background: Even though we live in the 21st century, where society is no longer expected to treat women and men differently, the reality is unfortunately different. Gender differences can be observed in virtually every country in the world. In some aspects of gender inequality, the Czech Republic is doing relatively well, for example, in terms of equal access to education, but in other areas it is doing much worse. In the Czech Republic, gender inequality is manifested in particular in the gender pay gap and on the labour market situation, where female unemployment is higher than male unemployment. Purpose of the article: This article analyses gender inequality in the Czech Republic on the labour market. The aim of this article is to evaluate the state, development and estimate the future direction of the labour market with an emphasis on gender inequality. Methods: Using time-series analysis of the number of applicants at the labour offices, it assesses the status and development of gender inequality in the labour market. The analysis also includes a prediction of future developments, where the author seeks an answer to the question whether the gender gap in this area is decreasing or increasing over time. Findings & Value added: The analysis showed a persistent trend of higher unemployment among women compared to men. However, this gap is decreasing in the long term.
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Flek, Vladislav, et Martina Mysíková. « Youth Labour Flows and Unemployment in Great Recession : Comparing Spain and the Czech Republic ». Review of Economic Perspectives 15, no 2 (1 juin 2015) : 179–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revecp-2015-0016.
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Abstract Using Spain and the Czech Republic as examples of two EU countries with different labour market performance, we apply a gross flow analysis based on EU-SILC longitudinal data. We find that while in Spain the increases in youth unemployment are driven mostly by young people who lose their jobs, in the Czech Republic, this is mainly due to new labour market entrants who failed to find a job. The analysis of flow transition rates suggests that youth labour markets with enormously high unemployment rates have not failed in all relevant respects. Their development seems to be hindered predominantly by high risk of job losses and diminishing employment prospects of the unemployed, rather than by impeded transitions from inactivity to employment. In countries with lower youth unemployment rates, unemployment policy agenda appears to be challenged by quite the opposite tendency
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Macakova, Libuse. « Selected Problems of Integration of Foreigners in the Czech Republic ». Equilibrium 8, no 1 (31 mars 2013) : 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil.2013.007.
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The aim of this paper is to characterize the problems of immigration and subsequent integration of foreigners in the Czech Republic. The starting point is a brief historical perspective on the development of migration policies of the Czech Republic and the development of immigration in recent years. The aspects discussed in particular are education and health care, as the main factors affecting the integration of immigrants. The analysis suggests a pivotal role of the state in the activities focused on the integration of foreigners, an important role is played by non-profit organizations. In the end of the paper attention is focused on the Czech public attitude to immigration. Active immigration policy in the Czech Republic began in 2003. Currently, integration is understood as an essential part of the immigration policy of the Government of the Czech Republic. Integration of foreigners into the Czech society is directly linked to the process of immigration and is crucial for the smooth immigrant participation in the local labor market and life in the country. The main problem is the lack of knowledge of the Czech language by adult immigrants and especially their children, lack of knowledge of the Czech language, which significantly complicates the possibility of integration into the Czech society. Access to health care is another critical area of integration. Not all areas of integration are managed entirely ideally. This paper tries to highlight specific partial deficiencies. Further development is possible only after an analysis of the basic factors of integration.
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Porras, Laila. « Labour Market Trends during Post-Socialist Transformation : The Cases of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Russia ». QA Rivista dell'Associazione Rossi-Doria, no 4 (décembre 2010) : 61–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/qu2010-004003.
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Labour Market Trends during Post-Socialist Transformation: The Cases of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Russia The paper analyzes the factors behind the evolution of employment and wages during the first decade of post-socialist transformation. It focuses on three countries: Hungary, Russia and the Czech Republic. We propose an explanation of the development of labour market trends in line with institutional approaches, which take the differences between countries to be accounted for by the role played by national features in the process of institutional and systemic change. Factors such as history, policies and labour market institutions and the role of the State, are taken into account in order to illustrate these three transformation paths.
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Mysíková, Martina. « Educational mismatch in the Czech Labour Market ». Review of Economic Perspectives 16, no 2 (1 juin 2016) : 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revecp-2016-0008.
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Abstract Educational mismatch in labour markets is a phenomenon that has been widely analysed, mainly with respect to rising concerns about a possible oversupply of graduates. Like most European countries, the Czech Republic has experienced a boom in tertiary education in the last decade. The incidence and determinants of over- and undereducation vary substantially depending both on the mismatch measurement approach and the data source applied. Educational mismatch is also reflected in wage levels: overeducated workers have lower wages and undereducated workers have higher wages than workers with the same education whose jobs match their education level. Second, overeducated workers earn more and undereducated workers earn less than their co-workers with exactly the required level of education. The effects are qualitatively the same regardless of the data source and measurement approach applied, but their sizes differ slightly.
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Prudká, MSc Šárká, et MSc Lenka Brown. « Evaluation of the importance of employment pacts and the case study - Moravian-Silesian employment pact in the Czech Republic ». ILIRIA International Review 2, no 2 (31 décembre 2012) : 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v2i2.151.
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This paper is focused on the evaluation of the effectiveness of a tool that is used in the world and Europe to a comprehensive and systematic solution of the employment at the regional level. These are the so-called employment pacts.The theme is the more up-to-date due to the onset of the global economic crisis since 2008, which brought a deepening of socio-economic problems in the labour market, with negative implications upon an increasing rate of unemployment.The Moravian-Silesian Employment Pact has been chosen for the case study. It was established as the first one of its kind in the Czech Republic, in the structurally affected region of Silesia.The result is the finding that employment pacts are generally a useful tool to resolve problems in regional labor markets.
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Urbánková, Erika. « The Development of the Health and Social Care Sector in the Regions of the Czech Republic in Comparison with other EU Countries ». Social Sciences 8, no 6 (3 juin 2019) : 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8060170.
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In this paper, the quantitative status of employees in the Health and Social Care sector in the Czech Republic is assessed, and the future development of the sector is predicted both for the Czech Republic as a whole, and for individual regions according to the NUTS3 classification. At present, labor market prognoses are created using the ROA-CERGE model, which includes the main professions in the Health and Social Care sector. This article expands the predictions by adding the regional level and using extrapolation of time series, and it identifies the regions important for the given sector and the labor force. The position of the Czech Republic with regard to selected professions in comparison with other countries of the European Union, i.e., its qualitative status, is also assessed in the paper. The following professions are assessed: general nurses and midwives (both with and without a specialization), physicians, and professional assistants. Healthcare workers do not manifest geographical mobility between regions and work primarily in the region where they live. Since the Czech Republic’s accession to the EU, staff working in key professions have been able to work under comparable conditions in any of the member states. The workforce flow depends, among other things, on its qualitative representation in the given country. To find groups of European countries with similar characteristics of quantitative coverage in selected professions in the Health and Social Care sector, cluster analysis is used to identify homogeneous clusters of countries, as of 2016. Secondary data was obtained from the Czech Statistical Office (CZSO) and the Information System (ISA+) of the National Institute of Education (NIE).
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Urbancová, Hana, et Markéta Šnýdrová. « Remuneration and Employee Benefits in Organizations in the Czech Republic ». Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 65, no 1 (2017) : 357–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201765010357.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In today’s highly competitive environment, the goal of organizations is to recruit, retain and sufficiently stimulate employees to give high quality performance, which may actually be achieved by a well‑developed system of remuneration and a wide range of suitably selected employee benefits. The article aims to identify and evaluate important factors influencing the area of employee remuneration and benefits offered in organizations in the Czech Republic. The research was carried out through a questionnaire survey that involved selected organizations in the Czech Republic (n = 402). The obtained primary data were processed using descriptive and multidimensional statistics. The factors examined in relation to the employee remuneration and benefits include: industries and sectors of organizations; markets in which they operate; the size of organizations by the headcount; the existence or absence of the Human Resource Department. The results confirm that the organizations that want to maintain a good position in the labour market pay attention to their personnel marketing, which is also helped by the right (suitable) system of employee remuneration and fringe benefits thanks to which they retain their employees and can increase employee satisfaction and loyalty. Employee benefits are exactly what may distinguish the organizations from their competitors in the labour market.
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Chetverikova, A. « Investment Ties of Visegrad Countries ». World Economy and International Relations 66, no 3 (2022) : 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-3-90-100.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the investment ties of the Visegrad Group countries over the last three decades with the emphasis on the period of their EU membership. Transformation and subsequent integration into the EU predetermined certain imbalances in investment sectors of Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, some of which still remain. The Visegrad countries continue to be strong importers of capital, but Hungary and the Czech Republic were able to equalize several imbalances, which is manifested in increased export opportunities. The importance of FDI for the Visegrad economies is only increasing, which exacerbates the problem of external dependence and associated risks. The territorial diversification of investment ties is among positive trends, but dependence on several economies of the European market is preserved. A quantitative analysis of sectoral imbalances has shown that the Czech Republic and Hungary have the least diversified outward FDI, Hungary – inward FDI. Slovakia has the most diversified FDI sectoral structure. The analysis of several types of investments indicates a certain exhaustion of the potential of the Visegrad market. Large companies and their projects and deals continue to play a significant role in investment ties of the V4. At the same time, Visegrad companies are not inferior to foreign ones in terms of volume of investments, which is often associated with their sectors of specialization – raw materials. The branch network of Visegrad companies is small compared to the foreign one, which plays a significant role in the V4 labor markets and produces a significant share of production. Investment ties of the Visegrad countries have common features, while maintaining the characteristics of each of them.
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Vrchota, Jaroslav, Monika Mařiková, Petr Řehoř, Ladislav Rolínek et Radek Toušek. « Human Resources Readiness for Industry 4.0 ». Journal of Open Innovation : Technology, Market, and Complexity 6, no 1 (27 décembre 2019) : 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6010003.
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Industry 4.0 is related to major changes, particularly in production. As such changes might have major implications for the labour market; the paper focuses on the assumptions of the human capital and its preparedness for Industry 4.0 in the Czech Republic. The findings are based on EUROSTAT, MEYS, OECD, ISCED, CZSO, and WEF. Based on such data, twelve indicators were selected and described in the results. Subsequently, the correlation analysis was carried out, using the data of the Czech Republic in order to estimate which indicators are related and thus to obtain a more detailed view of areas that need to be improved. The level of computer skills in the Czech Republic are increasing. Internet connection is around 80%. The share of technical workers in the Czech Republic is in the range of 30–40%. In terms of expenditure on education, the Czech Republic belongs to the countries of the eastern region. The number of graduates of technical professions managed to catch up with the development of the European Union (EU). In terms of employment in High-tech and Medium-high-tech areas, the Czech Republic is one of the leaders in the EU. Czech students have great potential in basic computer skills.
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Svobodová, Jitka, Ludmila Dömeová et Andrea Jindrová. « Economic Differences of Border Regions in the Czech Republic ». Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no 2 (2018) : 571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866020571.
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The article deals with the economically weak regions in the border areas of the Czech Republic (CR). The main goal is the selection and application of the most important variables, as the methodology of selection and evaluation of economically weak regions is not united. The following research question was formulated as whether the border regions are economically weaker when compared with the Czech Republic average of selected indicators. Two working hypotheses were set: whether the situation of the border regions is different from each other among the border regions and whether the economy of the neighbouring country impacts these disparities in border regions. The secondary goal of this article is to find homogenous clusters and describe these clusters of border regions. The result of the principal component analysis was determination of three components Labour market, Transnational commuters and Population migration. The variables that set up the component Labour Market was found to be the most important for economically weak border regions. The three components were used for cluster analysis and the territories were broken up into four clusters, none of which is above average of the CR with the result that the situation in the border region is dependent on the neighbouring country.
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Konusikova, Lubica, et Alzbeta Kucharcikova. « Approaches to Active Labour Market Policy in The Slovak Republic, Czech Republic and in Finland ». Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 17, no 2 (31 mai 2015) : 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2015.2.73-79.
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Dopita, Miroslav, et Jana Poláchová Vašťatková. « Paradoxes of Doctoral Studies in Education Sciences in the Czech Republic ». Qualitative Sociology Review 17, no 1 (8 février 2021) : 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.17.1.5.
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Adequate staffing of university studies with qualified academics was completed thanks to the reimplementation of three-stage university education during the post-socialist restoration of higher education in the Czech Republic. Thus, the doctoral degree of education has been attained by more than four-fifths of academic staff, with over two-fifths of them being aged 50+. The current course of university studies, including doctoral study programs, is influenced by their focus on educational and research strategy. With regards to the regulations for graduating in doctoral studies, doctoral candidates act as homo oeconomicus following neo-liberal educational policy. The conditions for doctoral studies, namely, those in educational sciences, thus lead to paradoxes caused by the current higher educational policy. The objective of the paper is to analyze the neoliberal set-up of the higher education policy of the Czech Republic in the field of doctoral studies in educational sciences in particular and its possible impacts in the area of labor-market integration of graduates and university training of academics.
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Sirovátka, Tomáš. « Social and Economic Factors of Labour-Market Marginalisation in the Czech Republic ». Czech Sociological Review 33, no 2 (1 avril 1997) : 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/00380288.1997.33.2.06.
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Merhaut, Marek. « Theoretical studies focused on gender discrimination against Roma women in the Czech Republic ». Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 6, no 1 (23 juin 2019) : 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/147.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Discrimination affects the lives of many Roma women in different areas of their lives. Issues such as unequal access to the labor market for women and men, domestic violence, stereotypical expectations of the roles of women in society, other expectations in education for women and men are deepening in the context of discrimination and ethnicity expectations. Roma women in the Czech Republic are among the groups most at risk of unemployment. However, repeated failures to find a job reduce their self-esteem and, unfortunately, predetermine their future use in the family circle and in the natural community where they are more or less the role of careers. Relationships in the Roma community are much stronger than usual in Czech society. Many Roma women have a subordinate position towards husband and other male family members. Roma families often do not allow a woman to study, according to her usual practice; she should take care of her family and children. The current need is to listen to the voice of Romani women who strive for full participation in the Czech society and to act in this sense also on the attitudes of their surroundings.
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Presová, R., et O. Tvrdoň. « Categorization of work equipment used in the meat industry ». Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 9 (20 février 2012) : 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5128-agricecon.
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This paper deals with the meat industry in the Czech Republic, the equipment which is used for meat cutting and processing for sale and for production of smoked goods. It determines individual categories of this equipment according to the use and describes materials used for manufacturing of clothing of butchers and also the complementary tools improving labour safety during technology operations. Next it presents materials used for making metal tools and describes the situation in the market of butcher´s equipment in the Czech Republic.
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Kalinová, Eva, Yaroslava Kostiuk et Denisa Michutová. « Czech companies will have to deal with import of labour ». SHS Web of Conferences 132 (2022) : 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213201010.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Labour market or supply and demand for labour is determined by how individuals demand work (supply) and how the offer of jobs is from the side of companies (demand). This is a very important issue, as it is a part of the main factor markets. The data on labour market are used for analysing the movement of labour market. Thanks to this, it is possible to forecast its approximate development. The basic source are data from the database of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic. The objective of this paper is to analyse the development of supply and demand for labour in the years 2010-2020 and forecast its development until 2025. The analysis of time series is performed using the method of artificial neural networks, which enables the analysis of the development between 2010 and 2020 and forecasting the further development of supply and demand for labour until the year 2025. The research shows that the development until the year 2025 will not be very favourable. The demand will be much greater than the supply, which means there will be more vacancies than workers. To fill the vacancies and be able to further operate, companies will try to solve this situation by hiring workers from other countries. The results of the paper being submitted may serve for other labour market research.
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Kročil, Ondřej, Miroslav Dopita et Richard Pospíšil. « Integration social enterprises as a tool of employment policy ». Ekonomski pregled 70, no 3 (30 avril 2019) : 554–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32910/ep.70.3.10.
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Employment policy as part of the social policy of the state has two basic objectives - achieving full employment and protection against unemployment. There are many groups of people who are highly vulnerable to unemployment on the labour market. For these people, the existence of so-called integration social enterprises, which can offer them a job opportunity, can be particularly useful. If integration social enterprises are supported by the state, we can talk about an active employment policy. Objective of this research is to determine representation of integration social enterprises in a selected region of the Czech Republic and to assess their potential in the context of state employment policy. Although legislative conditions for social enterprises have not yet been developed in the Czech Republic, the research shows that social enterprises have the potential to become a useful tool of active employment policy. It was found that the target group of analysed social enterprises are mainly people with disabilities, who may have a problem with finding a job under current circumstances in the labour market of the Czech Republic. Without the contribution of analysed social enterprises, the excess of supply over demand for labour of people with disabilities would increase an additional 7.37 percent.
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Nölke, Andreas, et Arjan Vliegenthart. « Enlarging the Varieties of Capitalism : The Emergence of Dependent Market Economies in East Central Europe ». World Politics 61, no 4 (26 août 2009) : 670–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887109990098.
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This article enlarges the existing literature on the varieties of capitalism by identifying a third basic variety that does not resemble the liberal market economy or coordinated market economy types. The dependent market economy (DME) type, as it is named by the authors, is characterized by the importance of foreign capital for the socioeconomic setup and is located in postsocialist Central Europe. Since the collapse of state socialism in the late 1980s, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and the Slovak Republic have introduced a rather successful model of capitalism when compared with other postsocialist states. This article identifies the key elements of the DME model and discusses their interplay. DMEs have comparative advantages in the assembly and production of relatively complex and durable consumer goods. These comparative advantages are based on institutional complementarities between skilled, but cheap, labor; the transfer of technological innovations within transnational enterprises; and the provision of capital via foreign direct investment.
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Koisova, Eva, Jana Masarova et Jozef Habanik. « REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE LABOUR MARKET IN SLOVAKIA AND THE CZECH REPUBLIC ». Journal of Competitiveness 10, no 2 (30 juin 2018) : 104–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7441/joc.2018.02.07.
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Novák, Václav, Marek Vokoun, František Stellner et Marek Vochozka. « Institutional analysis of the contemporary regional labour market in the Czech Republic ». E+M Ekonomie a Management 19, no 3 (8 septembre 2016) : 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2016-3-001.
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Martínek, Tomáš, et Petr Hanzlík. « Analysis of the Structure of Job Offers on the Czech Labour Market ». Review of Economic Perspectives 14, no 3 (1 septembre 2014) : 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2014-0015.
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Abstract Labour market development is an important macro-economic indicator of every national economy. Labour supply in particular fields should reflect on demands of employers on newly recruited employees. These demands can be analysed by studying published job offers. This analysis of Czech labour market is conducted based on the aggregated statistical data collected by an on-demand application. The studied data sample covers more than 60% of all the job offers published in the Czech Republic. The situation in respective occupational fields is compared with aggregate nation-wide average as well as with data from other fields. Results show distinct differences in absolute quantity of offers, compensations to employees offered as well as qualification requirements.
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Tichá, Alena, Dana Linkeschová, Zdeněk Tichý et Zuzana Mrňová. « Wages and Incentive Instruments for Enhancing the Performance of Construction Industry Employees ». Tehnički glasnik 14, no 4 (9 décembre 2020) : 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20200601164817.
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The aim of the article is to present quantitative development of wages and incentive instruments in the Czech Republic during the recent period and at the same time to provide an insight into the emerging changes in the labor market brought by the industry and the construction industry digitization. Strong demand for increased corporate social responsibility of the companies in the technical, economic and environmental protection and care sectors, and in particular in mutual communication between market partners, has had and will have an impact on wage policy and creation of employer wage systems. This article briefly gives the insight into what visions and strategies this situation brings into the construction industry field.
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Luhova, V., A. Hutorov, J. Yarmolenko, T. Ivashchenko, O. Gutorov et Y. Bakun. « EXTERNAL LABOR MIGRATION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE LABOR MARKET OF UKRAINE ». Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 5, no 40 (8 novembre 2021) : 514–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v5i40.245209.
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Abstract. This paper reports a study into the trends and patterns of the impact of external labor migration on the effectiveness of the functioning of Ukraine’s labor market, as well as defining those areas where migration processes could be coordinated in order to preserve the labor potential of this country. The scale and characteristics of the external labor migration in Ukraine have been considered. A tendency has been identified towards increasing the number of potential labor migrants among the population of Ukraine. The main destinations for migrant workers are the EU, primarily Poland, Italy, and the Czech Republic. It was found that the main labor migrants are men aged 30 to 49 with secondary and secondary specialized education, which indicates a significant outflow of «labor» from Ukraine. The main motives that encourage Ukrainians to work abroad have been determined. The main one has been investigated, related to the low level of wages in Ukraine, which is several times lower than the level of remuneration in the recipient countries. The positive and negative consequences of labor migration for Ukraine as a labor donor country have been given. Among the direct positive consequences, the main ones are the reduction of pressure on the labor market and the decrease in unemployment. Among the negative ones is the migration of the most active part of the labor force, the migration of young people and the most qualified specialists, which causes a shortage of labor in Ukraine’s labor market. The ways to improve the coordination of migration processes have been proposed, in order to preserve the labor potential of this country. The first is to improve the information support of the labor migration management process; the second is to promote economic growth and social development in Ukraine. The implementation of these measures could reduce the motivation for labor migration and provide conditions for the return of migrant workers. Keywords: labor migration, migrant, labor outflow, labor market, migration policy. JEL Classіfіcatіon J45, J61, J69 Formulas: 0; fig.: 5; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 23.
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Poór, József, Agneš Slavić, Milan Nikolić et Nemanja Berber. « The managerial implications of the labor market and workplace shortage in Central Eastern Europe ». Strategic Management 26, no 2 (2021) : 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/straman2102031p.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the recent years the labor market of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries has changed a lot. One of the main business challenges in the CEE region is the worker shortage. The possible reasons of this phenomenon are the emigration of the labor force from the countries of the former Eastern Bloc to the Western countries, the negative demographic tendencies in the region, the effects of economic crisis and the significant wage differences in the countries of European Union. This paper presents the first results of an international research conducted in six countries from the CEE region (Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Slovakia) on the reasons and managerial implications of the current labor force shortage. The research questionnaire was filled out in 797 companies and institutions in the CEE region. In our paper we will show the size, ownership and the sectoral distribution of our sample, as well as the average turnover rate, the average time to fill a position in, the positions hard to fill in, the possible reasons of labor shortage and the successful organizational and governmental programs to deal with labor market shortage. The obtained results may be a useful input for the formulation of human resource management programs in the organizations facing with labor market shortage in Serbia and other CEE countries.
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Vedernikov, Mikhail. « CZECH EXPERIENCE IN OVERCOMING THE MIGRATION CRISIS 2022 ». Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 30, no 6 (31 décembre 2022) : 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran620223241.
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The article examines the experience of the Czech Republic in overcoming the migration crisis in 2022, which was caused by a special military operation in Ukraine. Despite the traditional ignorance of the problems of refugees from the Middle East and Africa, authorities, supported by the local population and non-profit organizations, were ready to provide large-scale assistance to Ukrainian refugees. The paper studies the main steps taken by P. Fiala’s Cabinet to support internally displaced persons. It is shown that measures were promptly taken to simplify the entry of Ukrainians into the labor market of the Czechia, access for children to educational institutions was opened, and temporary housing was provided. Amendments to the Czech legislation in the relevant areas of law and the weakening of the flow of refugees, already in the summer of 2022, allowed the Czechia to relatively easily go through the ordeal of the migration crisis, without using the country's full potential. At the same time, the study shows that the initial enthusiasm of the Czechs disappeared, and discussions began to arise about the formation of a Ukrainian minority in the Czechia and endowing it with political subjectivity. In turn, public opinion polls clearly showed that ordinary citizens were against the long stay of Ukrainians in the country
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Trčka, Michal. « Posting Workers as a New Model of Global Labour ? Dilemmas of Economics, Politics and Ethics ». SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021) : 07063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219207063.
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Research background: Labour migration, i. e. the transnational movement of foreign workers on the European markets and their integration, is among the key topics of both Czech and European politics. I devote my paper to the regulation of work-related migration in a wider perspective of the global labour market in a specific type of labour migration „posting workers“. Purpose of the article: The paper focus on economic, political, and ethical problematic aspects of posting workers within the European Union in connection with the European Commission’s revision of Directive 96/71/EC with an emphasis on posting workers to the Czech Republic. Methods: I will to analyse the key patterns of the reactions and discourse strategies of selected Czech stakeholders regarding the proposal for a revision of Directive 96/71/EC, in particular that of selected government representatives. For this purpose, it will be used the method of discourse analysis (especially methods developed by Ruth Wodak). Findings & Value added: I would like to demonstrate, using the revision of Directive 96/71/EC as an example of new renovating models of global labour, as a part of the process of integration of the global market in the era of globalization, that the mechanism of posting workers creates a hybrid single European labour market, changes international relations, and contributes to the transnational flexibility of labour.
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Vokoun, Marek. « Productivity of Czech logistic firms : quality orientation, entrants and multinationals ». Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia 10, no 38 (26 septembre 2017) : 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stcb-2017-0022.
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Abstract The paper analyses logistics industry in Czech Republic and analyzes clusters and groups of one hundred companies that were active in the market in 2014. Analysis is based on the economic theory of endogenous growth and technological spillovers of multinational firms. They have the know-how and technology, which makes them more productive than local firms which tries to catch up the leaders and try to get as much knowledge as possible. This paper contributes to this theory. Key findings for this transitional economy is that quality certification is not beneficial for labor productivity and earnings, there are differences among multinational firms in terms of output efficiency and they are on average more productive than local firms, older firms are less productive than younger, but entrants are not more profitable than older firms.