Articles de revues : « Koro epidemic »

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Debbarma, Siddhartha, Swapan Kumar Das, Aman Kumar, Deep Debbarma, Abhijit Das et Taranga Reang. « KORO EPIDEMIC : A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ». Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 5, n^o 76 (21 septembre 2016) : 5634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2016/1271.

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Sachdev, P. S. « Koro Epidemic in North-East India ». Australian & ; New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 19, n^o 4 (décembre 1985) : 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048678509158852.

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Koro is an unusual psychogenic syndrome reported, until recently, predominantly in men of the Chinese race who live in southern China and south-east Asia. Issues concerning its phenomenology, diagnosis and nosology are still controversial. This paper describes an epidemic of koro in north-east India. A psychiatric analysis of thirty-one cases is presented. Probable reasons for the rapid spread of the illness are discussed. The majority of the individuals affected were from the lower socio-economic strata, were poorly educated and in the age group of 20–40 years. Many women were affected. There was no evidence of significant premorbid or sexual psychopathology in most cases. Some patients had a number of episodes but with only minor residual symptoms. The author compares these findings with earlier reports and discusses the implications for its nosology and psychodynamics.

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Bartholomew, Robert E. « The Social Psychology of 'Epidemic' Koro ». International Journal of Social Psychiatry 40, n^o 1 (mars 1994) : 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002076409404000105.

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Durst, Rimona, et Paula Rosca-Rebaudengo. « The Disorder Named Koro ». Behavioural Neurology 4, n^o 1 (1991) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1991/525393.

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The koro syndrome is a triad of deep-seated fear of penile shrinkage, its disappearance into the abdomen and consequent death. The disorder, which is considered culture related, is endemic in South-East Asia and China, where it occurs in both epidemic and sporadic form. In the western hemisphere single cases are occasionally encountered. The association with psychiatric pathology in sporadic cases of koro has been well described, but lately attention has been drawn to systemic or neurologic involvement in these patients. The clinical, historical and cultural features of koro, as well as therapeutic strategies, are discussed.

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Chowdhury, A. N. « Koro in Females : An Analysis of 48 Cases ». Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 31, n^o 4 (janvier 1994) : 369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136346159403100402.

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Koro (genital retraction syndrome) is a culture-linked psychogenic reactive state. In females, the cardinal symptom is the perception of retraction or shrinkage of nipple or breast mass into the chest cavity or of labia into the abdomen with acute fear of either imminent death or sexual invalidism. This paper is the first attempt in the world literature to explore the detailed clinical characteristics of koro in 48 females drawn from an epidemic in India.

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Panigrahi, Mahima, Susanta Kumar Padhy et Prakash B. Behere. « Understanding and Managing Complete form of Sporadic Koro Syndrome associated with Depression ». Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 46, n^o 2 (2012) : 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1023.

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ABSTRACT Koro is a term, probably of Malayasian origin, a culture bound syndrome, which refers to an episode of sudden and intense anxiety that the penis will recede into the body and possibly cause death. The syndrome is reported in South and East Asia including Eastern India, occasionally found in west. It can occur in localized epidemic and sporadic form or in complete and incomplete form. In some, this is reported as a forerunner of mood disorder and is understood in the context of psychosexual conflicts, personality and culture. Moreover, reports of sporadic Koro are rare from Noneastern India and report of a holistic and comprehensive approach to understand and manage such cases are lacking. Hence, In today's era of extinction of psychotherapeutic treatments particularly in India, this rare case is a small example of how such comprehensive holistic treatments can be helpful to our population. How to cite this article Panigrahi M, Padhy SK, Behere PB. Understanding and Managing Complete form of Sporadic Koro Syndrome associated with Depression. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2012;46(2):104-105.

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Bartholomew, Robert E. « The Medicalization of Exotic Deviance : A Sociological Perspective on Epidemic Koro ». Transcultural Psychiatry 35, n^o 1 (mars 1998) : 5–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136346159803500101.

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Dan, Amitava, Tanushree Mondal, Kaustav Chakraborty, Aditi Chaudhuri et Asish Biswas. « Clinical course and treatment outcome of Koro : A follow up study from a Koro epidemic reported from West Bengal, India ». Asian Journal of Psychiatry 26 (avril 2017) : 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2016.12.016.

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Pastor Romero, A., E. Guillot de Mergelina, L. Borredá Belda et J. F. Pérez Prieto. « A Systematic Review and Case Report of the Koro Syndrome in an Intellectually Disabled Caucasian Patient ». European Psychiatry 41, S1 (avril 2017) : S229—S230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2235.

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IntroductionKoro syndrome has traditionally been considered a culturally bound syndrome, characterized by the delusional belief that one's genitalia are retracting and the anxiety caused by the perception of imminent death. Although it is widely regarded as an epidemic in South-east Asia, there are some isolated cases in other cultures as well.ObjectivesWe present a Koro case study and a systematic review, focusing on the presentation and its treatment, in order to make visible this syndrome to Western culture and provide the tools to identify it.AimsTo provide an overview of Koro's presentation, phenomenology and treatment. We also want to clarify the nosology classification of this syndrome and its influence in the reported cases.MethodsWe begin describing a new case of Koro syndrome: a Spanish male presented an acute psychosis, the patient had an intellectual disability and a family history of mental illness. A systematic review was done based on articles published in Pubmed following the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsFrom 117 studies, only 29 met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed on several epidemiological and clinical characteristics. We found that Koro syndrome is more often presented as a result of intoxication or as a part of a previous known psychotic disorder. Cases involving patients sharing their delusion have been only reported in Asia.ConclusionNo specific data could be obtained about epidemiology and pathogenesis, as our conclusion about Koro syndrome was based mainly on few case studies. Pharmacotherapy and social support may be effective in ameliorating the symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Kumar, Rajesh, Hemendra Ram Phookun et Arunava Datta. « Epidemic of Koro in North East India : An observational cross-sectional study ». Asian Journal of Psychiatry 12 (décembre 2014) : 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2014.07.006.

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Ilechukwu, Sunny T. C. « Magical Penis Loss in Nigeria : Report of a Recent Epidemic of a Koro-Like Syndrome ». Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 29, n^o 2 (janvier 1992) : 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136346159202900202.

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TSENG, WEN-SHING, M. O. KAN-MING, L. I. LI-SHUEN, CHEN GUO-QIAN, O. U. LI-WAH et ZHENG HONG-BO. « Koro Epidemics in Guangdong, China A Questionnaire Survey ». Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 180, n^o 2 (février 1992) : 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199202000-00009.

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Murphy, H. B. M. « Abstracts and Reviews : KORO-LIKE SYMPTOM IN A NON-CHINESE SUBJECT by G. E. BERRIOS and S. J. MORLEY. British Journal of Psychiatry 145 (1984) 331-334. THE KORO EPIDEMIC IN HAINAN ISLAND (A PRELIMINARY REPORT) by the GUANDONG TRANSCUL TURAL PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH GROUP. Paper read at the Regional Conference of the World Psychiatric Association's Transcultural Psychiatry Section, Beijing, August 17-31, 1985 ». Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 23, n^o 2 (juin 1986) : 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136346158602300215.

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Dzokoto, Vivian Afi, et Glenn Adams. « Understanding Genital-Shrinking Epidemics in West Africa : Koro, Juju, or Mass Psychogenic Illness ? » Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 29, n^o 1 (mars 2005) : 53–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11013-005-4623-8.

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Silva, L., C. Raposo-Lima, C. Soares, J. J. Cerqueira et P. Morgado. « Koro Syndrome in an Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patient ». European Psychiatry 33, S1 (mars 2016) : S496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1825.

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IntroductionKoro syndrome is a culturally related disorder characterized by intense anxiety that the penis (vulva or nipples in females) is shrinking or retracting and will recede into the body. Usually it occurs in epidemics in Southeastern Asia, being extremely rare in western countries. The condition is more common in males and is classified within Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders.Case reportA 27-year-old single man was referred to the psychiatric department. By the age of 23, he began worrying that his penis was shrinking and retracting into the abdomen. He described these thoughts as intrusive, ridiculous and repetitive. During the first months the thoughts were not very disturbing but he progressively developed an urge to verify the length of his penis several times a day. To diminish the anxiety provoked by the obsessive doubts on penis length, he started to have repetitive thoughts and mental images about sexual acts, to consume pornography compulsively and to increase his masturbatory behaviors (from some times a week to several times a day). He described those thoughts and behaviors as unpleasant and uniquely driven to reduce anxiety provoked by obsessions.He was prescribed fluvoxamine 200 mg/day and initiated cognitive behavioral therapy with good response. Y-BOCS score decreased from 30 at initial evaluation to 18 after 3 months of treatment.ConclusionsKoro syndrome is a very rare condition in psychiatry in western countries, usually presenting secondarily to other psychiatric disorders. Awareness of this diagnosis and knowledge on its management are critical to provide optimal care to patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Djomaleu, Manuella L., Abu B. Rogers, M. Bailor Barrie, George W. Rutherford, Sheri D. Weiser et J. Daniel Kelly. « Long-term consequences of food insecurity among Ebola virus disease-affected households after the 2013–2016 epidemic in rural communities of Kono District, Sierra Leone : A qualitative study ». PLOS Global Public Health 2, n^o 10 (31 octobre 2022) : e0000770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000770.

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The 2013–2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic caused food insecurity during and immediately following local outbreaks in Sierra Leone, but longer-term effects are less well described, particularly among households with no EVD survivors. We conducted a qualitative sub-study in July 2018 in Kono District, Sierra Leone to understand the impact of food insecurity on EVD-affected households. Using data from a community-based cohort, we compiled a list of all households, within the sampled communities in Kono District, that had at least one EVD case during the epidemic. We used purposive sampling to recruit 30 households, inclusive of 10 households with no EVD survivors, to participate in the study. The research team conducted open-ended, semi-structured interviews with the head of each household. All 30 interviews were transcribed, translated, and analyzed using comparative content analysis consistent with a grounded theory approach. Most household members were facing persistent food insecurity as direct or indirect consequences of the EVD epidemic, regardless of whether they did or did not live with EVD survivors. Three major themes emerged as drivers and/or mitigators of EVD-related food insecurity. Financial instability and physical health complications were drivers of food insecurity in the population, whereas support provided by NGOs or governmental agencies was observed as a mitigator and driver of food insecurity after its removal. Among the EVD-households reporting long-term support through jobs and educational opportunities, there was sustained mitigation of food insecurity. EVD-affected households with and without survivors continue to face food insecurity three years after the EVD epidemic. Provision of support was a mitigator of food insecurity in the short term, but its removal was a driver of food insecurity in the longer term, suggesting the need for longer-term transitional support in affected households.

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Žikić, Bojan. « Cognitive and Medical Misanthropology : Corona Parties and Kolo Dancing by the Monument ». ISSUES IN ETHNOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY 16, n^o 2 (19 juillet 2021) : 391–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v16i2.4.

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This paper looks at so-called corona parties in Serbia, which can be seen as a specific paradigm of exhibiting irresponsible health behavior during an epidemic. The term refers to illegal gatherings of a large number of people in circumstances when all gatherings are restricted under anti-epidemic measures. A phenomenon similar to corona parties and co-ocurring with them in the Serbian socio-cultural and pandemic temporal context, is the dancing of the traditional kolo dance in public spaces. Both phenomena represent a conscious disregard for one's own health and of regulations introduced by the authorities, and at the same time an emphatic public display of indifference towards the epidemiological situation in the country, and rejection of the consequent legal restrictions on public life. The paper aims to establish the cultural background of such behavior, i.e. to ascertain its socio-cultural meaning. The indirect or direct endangerment of one’s own or other people’s health, particularly in a pandemic, can be seen as a misanthropic act. The cultural notions on which such irrational behavior is based are a consequence of a postmodernist relativization of previously existing socio-cultural discourse on science, and are counterintuitive. Behavior based on these notions is an irrational response to changes in socio-cultural reality due to COVID-19. The response is not only irrational but also ineffective, as it cannot eliminate the undesired consequences of the given situation, neither in terms of the illness itself, nor in terms of how it will be managed by those who have been put in charge by the government. Due to this, such behavior can also be seen simply as a deliberate defiance of rules. The misanthropic quality of the behavior of those who ignore anti-epidemic measures by dancing kolo in the streets or attending corona parties is evident in the conscious rejection of the principle of not harming others. Ignoring the possible health risks to themselves, they ignore the possible health risks to others, and thus become social factors of biological contagion. It is in this way that such behavior becomes the cause of the extension of the very state of socio-cultural reality against which it is supposed to be directed.

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Devkota, Niranjan, Ľubomír Kmeco, Sunil Thapa, Petr Houška et Udaya Raj Poudel. « Tourists’ Perception of Travel Risk and Management in Destination amid Covid-19 Pandemic : Empirical Evidence from Nepal ». Journal of Tourism and Services 13, n^o 25 (20 décembre 2022) : 90–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i25.388.

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Travel risk and management views of tourists have a key role in their choice of locations while the COVID-19 epidemic is still causing travel-related concerns. Despite many studies available in the western world, the effect of COVID-19 has been less explored in Nepal. Thus, this research aims to investigate travel risk and management perception in post-COVID tourism activities in Nepal. Based on pathogen stress theory and explanatory research design, this study seeks a causal relationship between Travel Risk and Management in Nepal. Following the purposive sampling technique, data collection is done using KOBO Toolbox through a structured questionnaire. Findings revealed that Risk Management, Transportation Patterns, Distribution Channel, Avoidance of Overpopulated destinations, Hygiene and Safety are significant to Travel risk and management perception whereas Risk Management, Travel risk and management perception, Service Delivery, Distribution Channel, Hygiene and Safety are significant to COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal which supports pathogen-stress theory. Furthermore, travel risk and management perception partially mediate the favorable association between avoidance of overpopulated destinations and the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the primary problems faced by the traveler were securing a comfortable hotel and selecting a destination where COVID risk is minimum. However, the COVID-19 break has caused health concerns among visitors, causing many to cancel their holiday plans. Therefore, in the post-pandemic phase, tourists are more concerned about the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their travel activities and choice.

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Popovic-Filipovic, Slavica. « Hannah Jessie Hankin-Hardy, in medical and humanitarian mission in Serbia during the great war ». Archive of Oncology 18, n^o 4 (2010) : 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aoo1004136p.

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The Studenica Monastery, built in 1186 A.D., the royal mausoleum of the Nemanjic Dynasty, is considered the forerunner of the Serbian statehood and conscience because in it the first school and hospital were established. It is also where the first book was written in Serbian language. Studenica, as the cradle of the Serbian medicine, produced - and through the following eight centuries, nurtured many educators and iconic figures of the Serbian cultural tradition. Among them was St. Sava, the first Serbian Archbishop, whose name is also borne by one of the highest Serbian civilian orders, which is awarded for extreme dedication and philanthropy in Serbia and worldwide. This here is an attempt to preserve the memory of the philanthropist Hannah Henkin Hardy, who was also personally awarded one of these Serbian orders. Hannah Henkin Hardy (1886-1944) was born in Worchester, U.K., completed a medical school in Melbourne, Australia, and arrived in Serbia in January 1915 together with the first Scottish Women's Hospitals. In Kragujevac, together with the Serbian physicians, and the 'Kolo srpskih sestara,' Mrs. Hardy established the League of Serbian Women to jointly fight the great typhus epidemic. She also founded the out-patients ambulances for the poor in Kragujevac, as well as the soup kitchens, and took part in various humanitarian activities. Mrs. Hardy and her husband Samuel Hardy, together with some other philanthropists, repaired the war-damaged Church of St. George in Topola. She joined the Serbian refugees in their escape from the invading enemy forces to the Adriatic Coast through the dangerous snowbound mountains of Albania and Montenegro. She remembered the suffering of the Serbian people and the dedicated humanitarian activities of the Serbian medical corps and foreign medical missions for the rest of her life. Mrs. and Mr. Hardy dedicated their lives to philanthropy and humanitarian work, helping small and suffering peoples and nations.

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Sz. Kristof, Ildiko. « “Charming Sorcerers” or “Soldiers of Satan” ? Witchcraft and Magic in the Eyes of Protestant/Calvinist Preachers in Early Modern Hungary ». Religions 10, n^o 5 (16 mai 2019) : 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10050328.

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The present study is the translation of Chapter 3 of the book of Ildikó Sz. Kristóf, entitled “Ördögi mesterséget nem cselekedtem.” A boszorkányüldözés társadalmi és kulturális háttere a kora újkori Debrecenben és Bihar vármegyében (“I have not done any diabolic deeds.” The Social and Cultural Foundation of Witch-Hunting in Early Modern Debrecen and Bihar County) published in Debrecen, Hungary in 1998. The book examined the witch-hunting in Bihar county and its largest city, the headquarters of the Calvinist church in Eastern Hungary between 1575 and 1766. During this period, 217 trials were conducted against 303 accused, and the book explored the social and religious foundations of the accusations. The witch-hunts in Bihar county were of rather small size (1–3 accused per annum) and intensity. A possible explanation for this relative mildness could be provided by a complex consideration of legal, religious, and local social circumstances. Chapter 3, published here in English, discusses Hungarian Calvinist demonology which remained rather sceptical about the concepts of diabolical witchcraft (e.g., the “covenant” or pact with the devil, the witches’ attendance at regular meetings (sabbath), etc.) throughout the early modern era. The author has studied several Calvinist treatises of theology published between the late 16th and the early 18th century by the printing press of Debrecen, those, for example, of Péter Mélius (1562), Tamás Félegyházi (1579), Péter Margitai Láni (1617), János Kecskeméti Alexis (1621), Mátyás Nógrádi (1651), Johannes Mediomontanus (1656), Pál Csehi (1656), István Diószegi Kis (1679; 1681), Gellért Kabai Bodor (1678) and Imre Pápai Páriz (1719). According to her findings, Calvinist demonology, although regarded the wordly interventions of the devil of limited scope (excepting, perhaps, the Puritans of the 1650s/1680s), urged the expurgation of the various forms of everyday magic from urban and village life. The suspicion of witchcraft fell especially on the practitioners of benevolent magic (popular healers/”wise women”, midwives, fortune-tellers, etc.) who were presumed to challenge and offend divine providence. The official religious considerations sometimes seem to have coincided with folk beliefs and explanations of misfortune concerning, among others, the plague epidemic in which witchcraft played an important role.

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Toropainen, Veli Pekka. « Kansanparantajasta lääketieteen professoriin – Sairauksien parantajat ja sairaanhoidon organisointi 1600-luvun Turussa ». Ennen ja nyt : Historian tietosanomat 23, n^o 2 (1 juin 2023) : 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37449/ennenjanyt.126013.

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Turkulainen sairasti 1600-luvulla tautia, sjuka, eikä lähteissä kerrota useinkaan sairauden tarkempaa laatua. Sairaita ja heidän parantajiaan mainitaan silti jatkuvasti kaupunkia koskevissa lähteissä, sillä sairaus esti saapumasta oikeuden eteen tai matkustamasta, aiheutti perheelle ja naapureille vaikeuksia, tai viranomaisten oli mietittävä sopivia torjuntakeinoja epidemian uhatessa. Kodeissa harjoitetun parantamisen rinnalla Turussa oli vuosisadan aikana vähintään viitisenkymmentä ammattimaista parantajaa sekä lisäksi puoliammattimaisia kansanparantajia, jotka tekivät sairaanhoitotyötä korvausta vastaan. Keskityn tässä artikkelissa lähiluvun ja mikrohistoriallisen näkökulman kautta Turun 1600-luvun sairaanhoitoon liittyviin tiloihin ja parantajiin, sekä sairaiden kohteluun paikallisyhteisössään. Tässä artikkelissa esitetyt toimintamallit olivat pääosin käytössä myös muualla Ruotsin valtakunnassa, sillä samat hoitotyötä harjoittaneet ammattiryhmät toimivat koko sen alueella, ja niitä koskevat säännöt ja ohjeet annettiin keskushallinnon toimesta Tukholmassa. Along with the healing practiced at homes, there were at least fifty professional healers in Turku during the seventeenth century, as well as semi-professional folk healers who practised medical treatment for compensation. Entries regarding medical treatment can be found on the court records of the Turku Magistrate. Depending on wealth, one could rely on bathers, barbers, farmacists, army barbers and medical professors of the Academy of Turku. At least some of the patients belonging to all social groups allowed the use of white magic in healing work. Healing was a comprehensive process that used both the various skills of healers and the possibilities offered by religion and magic. The operational models presented in this article were mainly used in other parts of the Swedish realm too, as the same professional groups practiced nursing throughout its territory, and the rules and instructions concerning them were issued by the central administration in Stockholm. Medical care throughout the seventeenth century was marked by the emergence of professional groups according to different professional association rules. They were closely monitored by both the crown and the church. However, this did not mean the disappearance of more traditional ways, but institutional improvement, i.e. side by side with folk healing.

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Strong, Yukino N., David Y. Cao, Jessica Zhou, Maya A. Guenther, Danyon J. Anderson, Alan D. Kaye, Brian E. Blick, Prathima R. Anandi, Hirni Y. Patel et Ivan Urits. « Koro Syndrome : Epidemiology, Psychiatric and Physical Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options ». Health Psychology Research 11 (21 février 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.52965/001c.70165.

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Koro syndrome is a multi-tiered disease presenting as an overwhelming belief that one’s sex organs are shrinking into their body. Moderate to severe anxiety attacks are associated with the condition, along with a fear of imminent death. Koro is often culturally related and is most seen as an epidemic form in East and Southeast Asia, although it can present anywhere worldwide in its sporadic form. The condition typically affects young males who believe in sex-related myths, and many individuals can co-present with anxiety, depression, or even psychosis. Although most presentations of Koro are self-limiting, the condition is harmful for one’s self-esteem and quality of life, and some individuals may go through extreme, physically injurious measures to prevent genital retraction. Treatments include the use of psychotherapy that has a sex education component, especially if the patient believes in culturally rooted myths. In sporadic Koro, it is believed that if the primary psychiatric disorder is treated with anxiolytics, antidepressants, sedatives, or psychotics, the secondary Koro-like symptoms will also fade. Additional investigation on the prevalence, pathogenesis, factors that correlate with treatment efficacy are needed to fully understand Koro syndrome.

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« A sociocultural study of koro epidemics in Guangdong, China ». American Journal of Psychiatry 145, n^o 12 (décembre 1988) : 1538–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.145.12.1538.

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Sainio, Päivi, Marja Holm, Jonna Ikonen, Marika Korhonen, Päivi Nurmi-Koikkalainen, Suvi Parikka, Natalia Skogberg, Anna Väre, Päivikki Koponen et Seppo Koskinen. « Koronapandemian ja sen rajoittamistoimien vaikutukset toimintarajoitteisten ihmisten elämään ». Sosiaalilääketieteellinen Aikakauslehti 58, n^o 3 (5 octobre 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.23990/sa.103240.

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Systemaattisesti kerättyä tietoa siitä, miten epidemian torjunta- ja rajoitustoimet vaikuttavat toimintarajoitteisten ihmisten elämään on saatavilla niukasti. Tässä tutkimuksessa kuvaamme näitä vaikutuksia toimintarajoitteisiin ihmisiin koko väestössä, ulkomaalaistaustaisessa väestössä sekä henkilökohtaista apua saavien vammaisten ihmisten ryhmässä. Tutkimus perustuu kolmeen tuoreeseen Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitoksen keräämään väestöä edustavaan aineistoon: FinSote 2020 -tutkimukseen, FinTerveys 2017-seurantatutkimukseen sekä ulkomaalaistaustaisen väestön osalta MigCOVID-tutkimukseen. Lisäksi käytettiin henkilökohtaista apua saavien vaikeavammaisten ihmisten tutkimusta. Tutkittavat vastasivat koronapandemian vaikutuksia koskeviin kyselyihin vuoden 2020 viimeisinä tai vuoden 2021 ensimmäisinä kuukausina. Analyyseissä verrattiin toimintarajoitteisten ihmisten tilannetta muuhun väestöön. Tulokset esitetään ikäryhmittäin mallivakioituina prevalensseina perustuen logistisiin regressioanalyyseihin. Toimintarajoitteiset ihmiset kokivat muuta väestöä yleisemmin yksinäisyyden ja univaikeuksien lisääntyneen koronaepidemian aikana. He myös raportoivat taloudellisen tilanteensa heikentyneen useammin kuin muut. Huolet tartunnan saamisesta sekä sosiaali- ja terveyspalveluiden riittämätön saanti olivat yleisempiä toimintarajoitteisilla kuin muilla. Monet epidemian epäsuotuisista vaikutuksista korostuivat ulkomailla syntyneillä toimintarajoitteisilla ja vaikeavammaisilla ihmisillä. Koronaepidemia uhkaa lisätä toimintarajoitteisten ihmisten eriarvoisuutta. Epidemia on osoittanut, että toimintarajoitteisten ihmisten oikeudet ja tarpeet on otettava paremmin huomioon vastaavanlaisissa kriisitilanteissa. Luotettavaan tietoon perustuvat toimintaohjeet auttaisivat kuntia yhdenvertaisuuden edistämisessä.

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Breuninger, Taylor A., Anna Riedl, Nina Wawro, Wolfgang Rathmann, Konstantin Strauch, Anne Quante, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand, Christa Meisinger et Jakob Linseisen. « Differential associations between diet and prediabetes or diabetes in the KORA FF4 study ». Journal of Nutritional Science 7 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jns.2018.25.

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AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global public health epidemic. Diet and lifestyle changes have been demonstrated as effective measures in managing T2DM and preventing or delaying the progression from prediabetes to diabetes, yet the relationship between diet, prediabetes and diabetes is still not entirely clear. The present study aimed to further elucidate the relationship between diet, diabetes and especially prediabetes. A total of 1542 participants of the cross-sectional, population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) FF4 study (2013/2014) were included in this analysis. Dietary intake was derived using a method combining information from a FFQ and repeated 24-h food lists. Glucose tolerance status was assessed via oral glucose tolerance tests in all participants without a previous physician-confirmed diagnosis of T2DM, and was classified according to the 2003 American Diabetes Association criteria. Crude and fully adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to examine associations between diet and prediabetes, undetected diabetes mellitus (UDM) and prevalent T2DM. After adjusting for major covariates, fruit was significantly inversely and total meat, processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages and moderate alcohol significantly associated with UDM and/or prevalent diabetes. Sex-specific analyses showed that in men, coffee was significantly inversely (OR 0·80; 95 % CI 0·67, 0·96) and heavy alcohol significantly (OR 1·84; 95 % CI 1·14, 2·95) associated with prediabetes. Our findings on diet and T2DM are consistent with current literature, while our results regarding coffee, heavy alcohol consumption and prediabetes highlight new possible targets for primary prevention of the derangement of glucose homeostasis.

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Bauch, Martin. « Der Regen, das Korn und das Salz : die Madonna di San Luca und das Wettermirakel von 1433 ». Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken 95, n^o 1 (11 janvier 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/qfiab-2015-0008.

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RiassuntoIl miracoloso cambiamento del tempo, avvenuto dopo settimane di incessante pioggia nel luglio del 1433 a Bologna durante una processione della Madonna di San Luca, viene collocato ora per la prima volta in un contesto che va oltre la storia della pietà: nel presente articolo si studiano le fonti fi scali e amministrativi di Bologna per tracciare la situazione socio-economica e politica della città e del contado nella prima metà degli anni Trenta del XV secolo e per valutare l’eventuale parte avuta dalle avversità metereologiche nell’inasprire la crisi. In particolare si esaminano le carte dell’Uffi cio del Sale e della Tesoreria e la loro utilità per le ricerche storico-climatici. La ricostruzione - sulla base di fonti narrative - di eventi metereologici estremi, di epidemie e carestie, verifi catisi negli anni Trenta del XV secolo in tutta Italia, e un accenno alla situazione europea mostrano che il rischio di avversità climatiche è meno forte nell’area mediterranea che nei territori a nord delle Alpi. Infi ne si indaga il nesso causale tra precipitazioni e periodi di carestia e si tematizza la mancata considerazione di fattori naturali da parte della ricerca italiana sulla fame.

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Kallatsa, Laura, et Sini Mikkola. « ”Olimme kaikki osallisia ´kaipuun sakramentista´”. Ehtoollinen ja kirkkoherrojen kokemukset Suomen evankelis-luterilaisessa kirkossa koronakeväänä 2020 ». Uskonnontutkija - Religionsforskaren 9, n^o 2 (18 décembre 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.24291/uskonnontutkija.v9i2.100611.

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Keväällä 2020 Suomi siirtyi poikkeusoloihin COVID-19-epidemian vuoksi. Maailmanlaajuinen pandemia vaikutti myös Suomen evankelis-luterilaisen kirkon jumalanpalveluselämään. Myös kristikunnan suurinta juhlaa, pääsiäistä, vietettiin poikkeusoloissa. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkastelemme ensiksi, missä määrin ja millä tavoin ehtoollisjumalanpalveluksia toteutettiin seurakunnissa keväällä 2020, erityisesti pääsiäisenä. Toiseksi kysymme, millaisin prosessein seurakunnissa päätettiin ehtoollisen viettämisestä tai viettämättä jättämisestä. Kolmanneksi tutkimme, millä tavoin kirkkoherrat (N=141) kokivat pääsiäisajan ehtoollisjumalanpalvelusten viettämisen tai niiden puuttumisen. Empiirinen tutkimusaineistomme kerättiin sähköisellä kyselylomakkeella. Päätutkimusmenetelmämme on aineistolähtöinen induktiivinen sisällönanalyysi. Laadullisen analyysin tukena käytämme määrällistä tutkimusotetta. Tutkimuksemme teoreettisena selkänojana ovat seurakuntien toiminnan digitalisoitumista sekä yhteyden kokemista, osallisuutta ja läsnäoloa tarkastelevat tutkimukset (esim. Joenperä 2013; Berger 2018). Tutkimuksemme mukaan kevään 2020 poikkeusoloilla oli merkittävät vaikutukset seurakuntien jumalanpalveluselämään, etenkin ehtoollisen viettämiseen. Yli puolessa seurakuntia ehtoollista ei vietetty lainkaan poikkeusolojen aikana, ei edes pääsiäisenä. Ehtoollista pääsiäisenä viettäneet kirkkoherrat kuvailivat kokemuksiaan varioivasti, kun taas ehtoollista viettämättömät sanoittivat tunteitaan ja kokemuksiaan selvästi homogeenisemmin. Erityisesti kaipauksen ja yhteyden teemat korostuivat. Tutkimukseemme osallistuneiden kirkkoherrojen kokemukset ja tunteet eivät ole ainoastaan yksityisiä ja henkilökohtaisia, vaan niihin linkittyy vahva sosiaalinen ulottuvuus. Useimmat kirkkoherrat tahtoivat kulkea yhteisrintamassa koko seurakunnan kanssa, minkä vuoksi pienelle, rajatulle joukolle tarkoitettuja ehtoollisia ei valtaosin haluttu järjestää. Sen sijaan seurakunnat pyrkivät vahvistamaan seurakunnan yhteyttä esimerkiksi panostamalla jumalanpalvelusten striimaamiseen eli suoratoistoon.

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