Thèses sur le sujet « KCA »

La formation de métastases est la cause majeure des décès par cancer. Le développement de métastases est consécutif à une série d‟événements complexes tels que la migration, l‟invasion et la prolifération cellulaire. Le canal potassique SK3 (membre de la famille des SKCa) régule la migration des cellules cancéreuses du sein et favorise le développement de métastases osseuses. Le but du projet était d‟identifier et de caractériser les voies d‟entrées calciques associées à la migration cellulaire dépendante du canal SK3 dans différents cancers (sein, colon et prostate). Nous avons pu mettre en évidence que les canaux Ca2+qui étaient associés au canal SK3 variaient en fonction du cancer et régulaient la migration cellulaire dépendante du canal SK3. De plus, nous avons montré que la localisation de ces complexes KCa/Ca2+ dans les radeaux lipidiques était importante pour leur régulation et leur fonction. Ainsi, la délocalisation de ces complexes hors des radeaux lipidiques par des alkyl-phospholipides est un moyen permettant de moduler la migration des cellules exprimant le canal SK3 et le développement de métastases
In most cases of cancer, metastasis and not the primary tumor per se is the main cause of mortality. To establish secondary growth in distant organs cancer cells must develop an enhanced propensity to migrate. The key objective of this thesis proposes that some actors of Ca2+ signaling (Orai, and TRPC, STIM) coupled to SK3 channel would form complexes that play a critical role in cell migration of various cancers (breast, colon and prostate). Furthermore we showed that the localization of these channels complexes in lipid-rafts is essential to their regulation and function. Thus, the delocalization of these complexes of lipid-raft outside by alkyl-phospholipids could be a new way to modulate the SK3/Ca2+ dependent cell migration and metastasis development

Motivados por trabalhos anteriores que analisaram diferentes comportamentos entre cristais e filmes policristalinos, relacionados com a cristalinidade e a concentração de impurezas, neste trabalho investigamos métodos de obtenção e processamento de filmes de haletos alcalinos dopados. Durante este trabalho foi montado um sistema de evaporação que disponibilizou a utilização de duas fontes de evaporação para a produção de amostras: resistiva e via feixe de elétrons. Apresentamos uma comparação entre resultados de caracterizações dos filmes produzidos e de monocristais existentes na literatura. A fim de se obter filmes dopados com impurezas mono e divalente e, também, duplamente dopados, alguns métodos alternativos de processamento foram investigados. A partir da comparação entre os sistemas KCl:(In +, Tl+ e Cu+) determinamos a dependência da cristalinidade em função do tamanho do íon dopante. O efeito da temperatura do substrato durante a evaporação foi investigado para o sistema KCl:Tl+, e comparado com resultados obtidos em filmes submetidos a tratamentos térmicos. Para a obtenção de filmes do sistema KCl:Yb2+:CN-, a preparação dos materiais precursores é um aspecto muito importante a ser considerado, a fim de se reproduzir nos filmes propriedades similares às dos monocristais. Nesse sentido, para evaporação foram utilizados o próprio cristal e pastilhas dos sais precursores obtidas a partir de técnicas de processamento cerâmico. A caracterização óptica dos filmes foi feita através de espectroscopia de absorção óptica e luminescência. A morfologia foi observada através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e de força atômica, e a estrutura determinada por técnica de difração de raios X
The present work has been motivated by previous research on doped alkali halides films, that had been compared with single crystals, yielding different features, wich were related to crystallinity and impurity concentration. Preparation and processing techniques of doped alkali halides polycrystalline films have been investigated in this work. Two different evaporation sources have been used for samples production: resistive and via electron beam gun. Main results presented here are used to compare single crystals and films. In order to prepare single and double doped films, we have also tried several processing methods. From investigation of KCl:Tl+ system we have determined crystallinity dependency with impurity ion size. The KCl:Tl+ system has been used to verify the effect of substract temperature during evaporation. Results have been compared with films submited to thermal annealing. To obtain double doped KCI:Yb2+ :CN- films, we were very careful with preparation of precursor materials, since we intended to reproduce single crystals physical properties. Then, we have used single crystal itself for evaporation, besides pressed power pieces from precursor salts, obtained from ceramics processing technique. Optical absorption and photoluminescence have been carried out to perform optical characterization of evaporated films. Morphology has been observed by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and film structure has been observed by X-ray diffraction technique

(M. A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2015
Ngudo ino yo sumbedza uri ho shumiswa mirero na maidioma manzhi kha u bvukulula vhuvha na nzulele ya vhafumakadzi kha maṅwalwa a Ṋetshivhuyu, M.J. na Sigogo, N.E. Ngudo yo tumbula uri kanzhi mirero na maidioma zwi shumiswa kha u tsikeledza vhafumakadzi fhethu hunzhi: mishumoni, mbinganoni, lufunoni na kha mavhusele. Tsikeledzo iyi i vha ya muhumbulo khathihi na ya ṋamani. Naho zwo ralo, ngudo yo wana uri hu na huṅwe hu si gathi hune mirero na maidioma zwa ṱuṱuwedza vhutshilo havhuḓi kha vhafumakadzi. Magumoni azwo, ngudo i themendela uri vhafumakadzi vha fanela u farwa zwavhuḓi, nge vha vha vhathu u fana na vhanna.

Thesis (M. A.) --University of Limpopo, 2014
The research focused on the effects of technology on language, with special reference to Tshivenda. These effects pertain to various aspects such as communication, agriculture, socialization, health, arts, sports, initiation schools, economy, transport, beliefs, food, drinks and utensils. The study further revealed that technology has several positive results such as the creation of new words. The study also indicated the negative effects of technology on language. In this regard it concentrated on the diminishing of Tshivenḓa words which ultimately may in future lead to their extinction. Lastly the study urged all people to accept technology and used in wisely for the benefit of our future generation because it is here to stay.

Thesis (M.A.) --University of Limpopo, 2012
The study deals with ubuntu as reflected in the selected novels of Magau, A.W and Maumela, E.T. Qualitative research method was employed. The study has discovered that ubuntu appears in many forms in Tshivenḓa such as respect for the dignity and worth of human beings, honesty, compassion, solidarity, generosity and forgiveness and reconciliation. The findings also reveal that Tshivenḓa puts more emphasis on activities which signify ubuntu than material wealth. The study also found that there are activities that are emical to ubuntu such as disrespect, dishonesty, cruelty, selfishness and greed and lack of forgiveness and reconciliation. Ubuntu occupies a central position amongst the Vhavenḓa and anyone who negates what ubuntu promotes and upholds has been regarded as non-human.

Thesis (MA. (Translation Studies and Linguistics)) --University of Limpopo, 2013
Ngudo iyi yo sengulusa u via kha Tshivenḓa. Hu na nḓila nnzhi dzine u tenda kha u via ha itelwa zwone. U tenda kha u via ndi zwa ndeme kha mvelele ya Tshivenḓa. Fhedzi maitele aya a u via a vhonala a si avhuḓi, nahone a tshi khou lwiwa nao uri a fhele.

We consider a model of N particles interacting through a Kac-style collision process, with m particles among them interacting, in addition, with a thermostat. When m = N, we show exponential approach to the equilibrium canonical distribution in terms of the L2 norm, in relative entropy, and in the Gabetta-Toscani-Wennberg (GTW) metric, at a rate independent of N. When m < N , the exponential rate of approach to equilibrium in L2 is shown to behave as m/N for N large, while the relative entropy and the GTW distance from equilibrium exhibit (at least) an "eventually exponential” decay, with a rate scaling as m/N^2 for large N. As an allied project, we obtain a rigorous microscopic description of the thermostat used, based on a model of a tagged particle colliding with an infinite gas in equilibrium at the thermostat temperature. These results are based on joint work with Federico Bonetto, Michael Loss and Hagop Tossounian.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social, Florianópolis, 2015.
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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo compreender quais os elementos permitiram que recentemente entre os Guarani Mbya emergissem lideranças políticas femininas, as chamadas cacicas. O estudo reflete sobre as implicações da atuação destas mulheres no cotidiano das comunidades nas quais estão inseridas, atentando principalmente ao contexto de lutas pela regulamentação de terras indígenas em Santa Catarina. A pesquisa foi feita através do acompanhamento de duas cacicas, Arminda Ribeiro (Para Poty) e Eunice Antunes (Kerexu Yxapyry), residentes respectivamente nas aldeias da Conquista (Jatay ty), localizada em Balneário Barra do Sul, e do Morro dos Cavalos (Itaty), localizada em Palhoça, ambos municípios do litoral de Santa Catarina. Através das trajetórias, depoimentos e entrevistas com as cacicas e outros/as indígenas Guarani Mbya, foi possível traçar um perfil destas lideranças e elucidar quais fatores possibilitaram o aparecimento dessas figuras como representantes políticas, assim como suas atuações e desafios no cenário político constituído pelas aldeias Guarani Mbya e sociedade envolvente. No que se refere aos aportes teóricos utilizados para compreensão da temática das cacicas Guarani Mbya, é necessário destacar que as teorias sobre mulheres indígenas enfrentam um impasse teórico marcado pela necessidade de junção de estudos sobre populações indígenas  os quais muitas vezes não levam em consideração as contribuições das mulheres indígenas e naturalizam ou negligenciam as representações de gênero dentro dos grupos indígenas e dos estudos de gênero  que ao refletir sobre  mulheres , muitas vezes as apresentam através de uma abordagem etnocêntrica e universalista, da qual as mulheres indígenas não fazem parte. Deste modo, para compreensão da problemática, foi necessário abordar a categoria gênero de forma que esta dialogasse com outras identidades discursivamente construídas, como raça, classe e etnia.

Abstract : This dissertation intends to comprehend the processes that allowed female political leadership  known as cacicas  among the Guarani Mbyá. The study approaches the implications of these women leadership in their communities daily life, focusing on the struggles for Amerindian land demarcation in Santa Catarina. The research was accomplished by following two cacicas, Arminda Ribeiro (Para Poty) who lives in Conquista (Jatay'ty), located in Balneário Barra do Sul, and Eunice Antunes (Kerexu Yxapyry), resident of Morro dos Cavalos (Itaty), located in Palhoça, both locations are along the cost of Santa Catarina. Through interviews, testimonies, and trajectories of the cacicas and other Guarani Mbyá people, it was possible to draw a leadership profile and clarify which factors and context have contributed for the emergence of these women as main political representatives, as well as their contribution and challenges in the political context established in the relation between the Guarani Mbyá and the surrounding society. In what regards the theories used for the comprehension of this theme, is important to stress that theories about indigenous women face theoretical obstacles in the ethnologies as well as feminist studies. Firstly, in the ethnologies studies, for not considering the native women contribution and naturalize or neglect the gender representations within the group itself; and, secondly, in relation to gender studies, which tends to think about  women through an ethnocentric and universal approach of which native women don t belong. To understand the issue it was necessary to approach the gender category in a way to allow a more direct dialogue with other identity concepts such as race, social class and ethnicity.

Rapporten utreder om distributionstransformatorer med märkeffekten 50 kVA i Vattenfall Eldistribution AB:s elnät kan avskaffas till förmån för märkeffekten 100 kVA. Transformatorer med märkeffekten 50 kVA förekommer vid nedtransformering av spänningen från 22 kV och 11 kV till hushållens huvudspänning 0,4 kV. 50 kVA-transformatorer skiljer inte särskilt mycket från transformatorer med den högre märkeffekten i fråga om storlek och pris, och de bedöms kunna bytas ut utan större praktiska svårigheter. Fördelen med 100 kVA är att de elektriska belastningsförlusterna blir lägre i och med den högre märkeffekten. Dessutom innebär ett byte vissa elkvalitetsförbättringar. Nackdelarna med 100 kVA är att de elektriska tomgångsförlusterna är högre och att inköpspriset är högre än för 50 kVA. I övrigt kan kostnaderna likställas för de två alternativen. Endast kostnader för aktiva effektförluster berördes i rapporten då de ekonomiska kostnaderna för reaktiva effektförluster kunde försummas för de aktuella transformatorerna. För att nå ett svar på frågan om det kan vara lönsamt att avskaffa 50 kVA-transformatorerna studerades fem verkliga fall i Vattenfalls svenska elnät. Dessutom studerades eventuella elkvalitetsvinster med ett byte. Svaret blev att inte för något av de fem studerade fallen var det lönsamt med ett byte till 100 kVA-transformator. Rörande elkvalitetsaspekten blev svaret att ett byte visserligen innebär en skillnad men att andra faktorer oftast har större betydelse. Rapportens rekommendation blev att behålla 50 kVA-transformatorn i distributionsnätet.

Orientador: Marcio Antonio de Faria Rosa
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica "Gleb Wataghin"
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Abstract: Not informed.
Mestrado
Física
Mestre em Física

Thesis (M.A.) --University of Limpopo, 2010
Ngudo iyi i khou sedzulusa ṱhuṱhuwedzo ya lutendo lwa vhuloi kha vhushaka vhukati ha vhathu kha Tshivenḓa. Luambo lu kwamaho matshilisano na vhupfiwa zwi ḓo dzhielwa nzhele. Hu ḓo sedziwa na maipfi a elanaho na zwa vhuloi. Izwi zwi ḓo itwa ho katelwa vhuḓipfi, u vhaisala, kudzhielwe kwa zwithu, mbeu na maambele musi hu na lutendo lwa zwa vhuloi. Ndi zwa ndeme u ḓivha uri dziṅanga dzi na luambo lu ne dza lu shumisa u sumbedzisa vhuloi ngeno vho vhafunzi vha zwa vhurereli vha na maitele na maambele a vho.

The present thesis consists in an investigation around the result shown by H. Weber and J.C. Mourrat in [MW17a], where the authors proved that the fluctuation of an Ising models with Kac interaction under a Glauber-type dynamic on a periodic two-dimensional discrete torus near criticality converge to the solution of the Stochastic Quantization Equation Φ 4/2. In Chapter 2, starting from a conjecture in [SW16], we show the robustness of the method proving the convergence in law of the fluctuation field for a general class of ferromagnetic spin models with Kac interaction undergoing a Glauber dynamic near critical temperature. We show that the limiting law solves an SPDE that depends heavily on the state space of the spin system and, as a consequence of our method, we construct a spin system whose dynamical fluctuation field converges to Φ 2n/2. In Chapter 3 we apply an idea by H. Weber and P. Tsatsoulis employed in [TW16], to show tightness for the sequence of magnetization fluctuation fields of the Ising-Kac model on a periodic two-dimensional discrete torus near criticality and characterise the law of the limit as the Φ 4/2 measure on the torus. This result is not an immediate consequence of [MW17a]. In Chapter 4 we study the fluctuations of the magnetization field of the Ising-Kac model under the Kawasaki dynamic at criticality in a one dimensional discrete torus, and we provide some evidence towards the convergence in law to the solution to the Stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation.

Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos
Com o objetivo de consolidar e meter em prática algum do conhecimento académico assimilado ao longo do mestrado de Gestão de Recursos Humanos, e sendo o relatório de estágio uma das possibilidades de trabalho final de mestrado, optei pela realização de um estágio e do respetivo relatório. A oportunidade de estágio foi possibilitada pela empresa Kcs IT, uma empresa de consultoria de sistemas de informação, que me acolheu no período compreendido entre 14 de Janeiro de 2013 e 15 de Abril de 2013. O estágio focou-se substancialmente nas atividades relacionadas com os processos de gestão do talento da empresa, com maior incidência nos processos de acompanhamento dos colaboradores. Desta forma, o presente trabalho, inicia-se com a revisão da literatura na área da gestão do talento, fazendo-se uma apresentação dos pontos fundamentais da temática. Numa segunda parte prossegue-se com a caracterização da empresa onde o estágio decorreu, a descrição dos procedimentos adotados na área da gestão do talento pela mesma, bem como as atividades desenvolvidas ao longo do estágio. Por último é apresentado o cruzamento da revisão de literatura com aquilo que se faz dentro da empresa, bem como uma conclusão que realça as mais-valias do estágio curricular como processo de conclusão do mestrado.
Aiming to consolidate and put into practice some of the knowledge learned throughout the academic Master of Human Resource Management and being the internship report one of the possibilities for the final paperwork, I decided for the internship. The internship opportunity was made possible by the company Kcs IT, a consulting firm in information systems, who welcomed me in the period between January 14th, 2013 to the April 15th, 2013. The internship focused substantially on activities related to the processes of talent management of the company, with the highest incidence in monitoring employees. Therefore, this work begins with a review of the literature in the talent management area, by making a presentation of the key points of the subject. In the second part I'll proceed with the company characterization where the internship took place, a description of the procedures adopted by the company in the talent management area as well as the activities along the internship. Finally I'll present the interlacement of literature review with what is done within the company as well as a conclusion of the highlights virtues of the curricular process as an ending of this academic Master degree.

The post 2007-financial crisis era has led to renewed zeal in quantifying market incompleteness when pricing contingent claims. This quantification exercise is necessary in maintaining a stable and sustainable banking operation and thus the XVAs have emerged as the metrics for market incompleteness. This dissertation focuses solely on the capital valuation adjustment (KVA) and aims to use the definition of KVA as set out by Albanese et al. (2016) in an investigation of different numerical techniques for calculating KVA. A single equity forward is considered first, followed by an equity option and then portfolios of options on two underlying assets, with the dissertation ending by considering a practical example on discrete delta and vega-delta hedging an index option. The numerical approaches explored are the binomial tree method and a combination of the crude and quasi-Monte Carlo method.

Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2012
The title of the research topic is: The critical analysis of African Traditional African Culture with special reference to Tshivenḓa in Christianity. The study would be based on the influence of Tradional Venḓa Culture to Christianity Religion. Though Vhavenḓa may be converted from Vhavenḓa Tradional Culture to Christianity their culture still influences their way of practising Christianity. The study will also examine ways, when and where these practises of Tshivenḓa have the influence in Christianity.

With the Internet of Things becoming more and more popular, and a prediction that there will be more than 50 million devices connected to the Internet in 2020, the quantity of IoT platforms on the market is rapidly growing. Facing so many platforms to choose, the object of this thesis is to give some suggestions for reference by performing a quantitative comparison between two platforms: SensibleThings and Kaa. These two platforms have difference architectures so may suitable in different scenes. The comparison includes some measurement and evaluation under two designed scenarios and a general contrast in theory. Two scenarios cover cases of message delivery between two endpoints at different rates and multiple endpoints pushing log data continually. The result of measurement together with the theoretical analysis draw out the following conclusion. SensibleThings platform is more suitable for simple and small-scale message delivery between endpoints, like home environment with few devices. And Kaa platform is more suitable for large-scale and complicated application for data collection and processing, like meteorology field with huge amount of sensors and data.

Ma thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre de l'unification des interactions fondamentales, dans lequel la théorie quantique de la gravitation devrait trouver une formulation cohérente. La piste la plus prometteuse dans cette voie semble être celle de la théorie M dont le groupe de symétrie a été conjecturé être le groupe de Kac-Moody. Diverses indications reliant cette théorie à des algèbres de Kac-Moody de type g++ proviennent de l’étude des théories de la gravitation couplée à des p-formes et des dilatons. En particulier, la dynamique du champs de gravitation à l’approche d’une singularité de type espace est contrôlée par le groupe de Weyl de ces algèbres (et interprétée comme le mouvement d’une particule libre sans masse sur un billard).

Nous avons étudié la limite BKL dans le contexte des cosmologies homogènes en terme de billard einsteiniens. Notre analyse confirme la restauration du comportement chaotique du champ gravitationnel lorsque la métrique est non – diagonale, en toutes les dimensions D d’espace-temps telles que 4

En utilisant les propriétés des billards, nous avons déterminé la dimension maximale ainsi que le contenu en champs des théories de la gravitation qui, en D=3, se réduisent à la gravité couplée à une réalisation non linéaire du quotient G/K où G est un groupe de Lie simple non maximalement déployé et K son sous-groupe compact maximal.

Les billards peuvent être de volume fini ou infini. Dans ce dernier cas, la dynamique asymptotique du champ de gravitation (et des dilatons) est chaotique. Si le billard est identifiable à la chambre fondamentale de Weyl d’une algèbre de Kac-Moody, le critère pour que la dynamique asymptotique soit chaotique est que l’algèbre de Kac-Moody soit hyperbolique. Nous avons identifié toutes les algèbres hyperboliques résultant d’une théorie de la gravitation couplée à des p-formes et des dilatons. Pour chacune de ces algèbres, nous avons écrit un Lagrangien en dimension maximale.

On obtient des actions explicitement invariantes sous les groupes de Kac-Moody G++ (ou G+++) en copiant les modèles sigma décrivant un mouvement géodésique sur une variété homogène de type G++/K(G++) où K(G++) est le sous-groupe compact maximal de G++. Le lien entre cette construction et les théories de la gravitation couplée à des p-formes et dilatons n'est pas encore établi mais certaines connexions ont été mises en évidence.

- Nous avons inclus les fermions dans les actions invariantes sous G++. De plus, nous nous sommes intéressés à vérifier la compatibilité des fermions avec les symétries cachées en D=3. Nous avons étudié le comportement des fermions la limite BKL dans le langage des billards.

- Dans le cadre des théories invariantes sous G+++, les réflexions de Weyl peuvent s’interpréter comme des dualités entre théorie des cordes. Ces dualités peuvent changer la signature de l’espace-temps en des signatures exotiques ;nous avons obtenu toutes les signatures provenant ainsi d’une signature Lorentzienne.

Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation physique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Even though KTiOPO4 (KTP) is considered to be one of the best nonlinear materials for quasi phase matched (QPM) frequency conversion in the visible and the near-infrared spectral regions, its use is often limited by poor material homogeneity, high ionic conductivity, a considerable linear absorption and photochromatic damage. On the other hand, the improved material homogeneity and the lower ionic conductivity of bulk Rb-doped KTP (RKTP) make this material an ideal alternative for fabrication of fine-pitch QPM gratings, while the arsenate isomorph KTiOAsO4 (KTA) promises a better performance in the green spectral region and adds the advantage of a wider transparency window in the infrared. Unfortunately, the available studies on these materials are limited and unable to answer the question whether RKTP and KTA are feasible alternatives to KTP in terms of periodic poling and optical performance. The optical performance of the QPM devices depends on the periodic poling quality, therefore, a detailed comprehension of domain-grating formation in the KTP isomorphs is highly desired. The goals of this thesis were to gain a better understanding of the periodic poling process in the KTP isomorphs, in order to study the specifics of ferroelectric domain engineering in KTA and RKTP, and to evaluate the optical performance of these isomorphs. Fine-pitch periodically poled structures were engineered both in KTA and RKTP crystals. It was demonstrated that QPM gratings with excellent quality and with periods as short as 8.49 μm can be fabricated in KTA crystals. Comparative transmission studies have shown that periodically poled KTA (PPKTA) crystals can be superior to KTP for QPM second harmonic generation in the visible spectral region due to lower linear absorption. It was also demonstrated that RKTP is a superior alternative to KTP for high-quality QPM grating fabrication. A consistent room-temperature periodic poling of 5 mm thick RKTP crystals with a period of 38.86 μm has been achieved. The obtained large aperture periodically poled RKTP (PPRKTP) crystals showed an outstanding QPM grating uniformity and excellent optical performance in optical parametric oscillator (OPO) applications. Moreover, it was shown that RKTP is less susceptible to blue-induced infrared absorption than KTP. Finally, a novel and a relatively simple method for self-assembling quasi-periodic sub-μm scale ferroelectric domain structure in RKTP crystals has been presented. It was shown that, after treatment in aqueous KOH/KNO3 solution, periodic poling of RKTP with planar electrodes resulted in one-dimensional ferroelectric domain structure with an average periodicity of 650±200 nm, extending over the whole 1 mm thick crystal. Such self-assembled structures in RKTP were used to demonstrate 5th order non-collinear QPM backward second harmonic generation.

QC 20140114

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This essay discusses the aesthetic, semiotic and cultural dimensions in the poetry developed by Eduardo Kac, called "biopoetry . The term biopoetry can be understood by the poetic whose writing semiosis takes place from the use of living organisms, a semiotic interconnection between the fields of art, biology and techno- science. We started our research, discussing under the bias of ecocriticism, the intersemiotic relations between the sign and the poetic biomaquinic way to do the biopoetry. We also deal with the aspects and ethic and aesthetic problematizations that exist in the horizons from the production of biopoetic art. Then we stopped on the artistic and poetic principles that mark the work of Eduardo Kac in various scopes of production, from holopoetry, through the digital poetics until the realization of his biological poetry. Finally, from treading the analytical-interpretive productions of "Genesis" (1999), "Erratum I" (2006) and "Cypher" (2009), we consider here the properties and elements of the biopoetical sign, discussing the prospects of language addressed in the horizons of biopoetic production and the problematizations that it brings to the sphere of the technological poetics of the contemporary, especially concerning to the man-machine interface, the notions of environment in literature and the development s performances in the poetic art.
Esta dissertação aborda as dimensões estéticas, semióticas e culturais da poética desenvolvida por Eduardo Kac, denominada de biopoesia . Entendese por biopoesia a poética cujas semioses de escrita se realizam a partir da utilização de organismos vivos, numa interconexão semiótica entre os campos da arte, da biologia e da tecnociência. Iniciamos nossa pesquisa discutindo, sob o viés do ecocriticismo, as relações intersemióticas presentes entre o signo poético e o meio biomaquínico na realização da biopoesia. Abordamos também os aspectos e problematizações ético-estéticas existentes nos horizontes de produção da arte biopoética. Em seguida, nos detivemos acerca dos princípios artísticos/poéticos que marcam a obra de Eduardo Kac nos vários âmbitos de produção, desde a holopoesia, passando pelas poéticas digitais até a concretização de sua poesia biológica. Por fim, a partir da leitura analítico-interpretativa das produções Genesis (1999), Erratum I (2006) e Cypher (2009), consideramos aqui as propriedades e elementos do signo biopoético, discutindo as perspectivas de linguagem abordadas nos horizontes de produção da biopoesia, bem como as problematizações que esta traz à esfera da produção das poéticas tecnológicas do contemporâneo, mormente no que diz respeito à interface homem-máquina, às noções de ambiente na literatura e às performances de desenvolvimento da arte poética.

Esta dissertação aborda a poética do artista multimídia Eduardo Kac, conhecido internacionalmente por suas obras inovadoras e polêmicas e pela atuação como professor, crítico e pesquisador de modalidades artísticas contemporâneas que envolvem o uso das novas tecnologias, incluindo algumas criadas por ele mesmo, como é o caso da holopoesia, da arte da telepresença e biotelemática e da arte transgênica. Consideramos a idéia da criação presente nos trabalhos, principalmente as relações entre esta e uma concepção mística de linguagem, baseada em conceitos e técnicas da Cabala judaica. A partir das obras de arte transgênica que compõem sua Trilogia da Criação: Gênesis (1999), GFP-Bunny (2000) e O Oitavo Dia (2001), buscamos iluminar as referências e procedimentos criativos que conectam o corpo de conhecimento bastante antigo e tradicional (a Cabala) com a reflexão sobre a criação e suas relações com a linguagem, na tradição cabalística e na arte contemporânea
This dissertation approaches the poetics of the multimedia artist Eduardo Kac, internationally known for his innovative and controversial works and for his performance as a professor, critic and researcher of contemporary artistic modalities that involve the use of new technologies, including some that were developed by himself, such as the holopoetry, the telepresence and biotelematic art and the transgenic art. We consider that the idea of creation in his works, mainly the relationship between this creation and a mystical conception of language, is based on concepts and techniques of the Jewish Kabbalah. By analyzing the transgenic art works that compose the Creation Trilogy: Genesis (1999), GFPBunny (2000) e The Eighth Day (2001), we intend to highlight the references and creative procedures that connect the ancient and traditional structure of knowledge (the Kabbalah) with the analysis of creation and its relationship with language in the kabbalistic tradition and contemporary art.

Pour toute algebre a commutative sur un corps k de caracteristique nulle, les groupes d'homologie d'ordre 2 des algebres de lie de la forme a x g ou g est une algebre de kac-moody ou sa derivee, sont calcules explicitement et on donne des applications. Ce travail a donne lieu a une note aux comptes rendus de l'academie des sciences

The main subject of the thesis is to determine customer satisfaction with the Kia Motors Czech company cars. In the theoretical part of the thesis is explained the issues of the situational analysis, which is primary used to profit from information, needed for the correct application of the decision-making process of the company's senior management. Part of the situational analysis is market research, which includes the area of market segmentation and the definition of the concepts of targeting and positioning. The situational analysis is in the theoretical part of the work mainly focused on the analysis of the customers, where is defined loyalty and customer satisfaction, customer expectations, fidelity and designed ways of long-term care for the customers of the company. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the monitoring of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the selected company. Part of the work is to select the appropriate system for the measurement of results, which is applied to the selected company. By using a half structured questionnaire is collected data to identify customers, their preferences and requirements for the product, and the evaluation carried out the strengths and weaknesses of the product according to the opinion of the customers of the company. Using the comparison of internal company data and research is carried out a survey of current situation on the market. The conclusion is made a summary of the results achieved and making recommendations for the improvement of the marketing activities of the company and for the streamlining of the company's communication with the customers.

M. paratuberculosis infection in sheep causes a chronic granulomatous enteritis, characterised by a massive cellular infiltration of macrophages, epithelioid cells and lymphocytes. Like other mycobacterial infections the predominant immune response is cell-mediated and this response centres on a complex interaction between T cells and macrophages infected with M. paratuberculosis organisms. T cells have been identified as the predominant inducers of the cell mediated immune response to mycobacteria. Stress proteins have been showed to be immunodominant antigens in immune responses to other pathogenic mycobacteria. T cells reactive to stress proteins have been isolated from infected animals. For these reasons, the 6-kDa stress protein of M. paratuberculosis was chosen for the investigation of the immune response to M. paratuberculosis infection in sheep. In this thesis the DNA encoding the 6-kDa stress protein of M. paratuberculosis was amplified by PCR, sequenced and the ORF of this protein expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase. Recombinant M. paratuberculosis 60-kDa stress protein was obtained by cleavage of the fusion protein with the proteolytic enzyme thrombin. Recombinant M. paratuberculosis 60-kDa stress protein was used to generate polyclonal T and B cell responses in sheep which were assessed by in vitro proliferation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. In addition, the recombinant protein was used to generate a monoclonal antibody. The assays and reagents generated in this thesis were subsequently used to investigate the immune response to M. paratuberculosis 60-kDa stress protein in ovine paratuberculosis. This investigation provides preliminary evidence that paratuberculosis-infected animals have T cells that recognise and are capable of responding by proliferation to M. paratuberculosis 60-kDa stress protein in vitro, and that antibodies to this protein could be detected in sera from these animals.

La tesi introduce il lettore alla teoria delle rappresentazioni di algebre di Lie e quivers. Viene studiata la teoria delle algebre di Lie semisemplici e delle algebre di Kac-Moody su un campo algebricamente chiuso di caratteristica zero. Si introduce la teoria delle rappresentazioni di quiver e si dimostra un criterio per decidere qualora una data rappresentazione di un dato quiver sia assolutamente indecomponibile o meno.

Kiswahili has many ways to express different relations that may hold between two events occurring at the same time. In this paper I examine and contrast the meanings of two types of verbal forms: those with the class 16 relative concord marker -po- and those with the tense marker -ki-. All examples are taken from a single small novel. I conclude that forms with PO tell us where or, more frequently, when something else occurred, whereas events presented in the KI-tense describe the situation existing at the time of some other event (`situative´). When that other event is non-factual the situation presented in the KI-tense expresses a condition. Elsewhere, the situation presented in the KI-tense may be backgrounded (in the discourse analysis sense of the term), but it may also be the main event that is hidden behind a more superficial situation (pace Contini-Morava 1989).

Les travaux de Killing et Cartan ont montré la correspondance entre les algèbres de Lie semi-simples complexes et les matrices de Cartan. Ces dernières sont des matrices sur les entiers satisfaisants certaines propriétés, parmi lesquelles une condition de positivité. Si cette condition est omise, on obtient une matrice de Cartan généralisée. On peut y étendre la présentation de Serre pour les algèbre de Lie semi-simples et obtenir les algèbres de Kac-Moody.

L'intérêt de l'étude des algèbres de Lie semi-simples réside dans le fait qu'elles induisent la plupart des groupes simples finis, comme le montre la construction de Chevalley. Il se fait que cette construction se généralise aux algèbres de Kac-Moody.

L'ingrédient principal de cette construction est l'utilisation d'un système de sous-groupes dans un groupe de Kac-Moody, ceux-ci étant indicés par les racines du système de Coxeter associé à la matrice de Cartan généralisée. Tits a réalisé l'axiomatique de ce système de sous-groupes, une donnée radicielle jumelée, pour un système de Coxeter quelconque. Par définition, les groupes de Kac-Moody sur un corps commutatif admettent une donnée radicielle jumelée.

En réalité les notions de donnée radicielle jumelée et d'immeuble jumelé de Moufang sont essentiellement équivalentes.

Au vu de la classification des immeubles sphériques et des polygones de Moufang, on obtient une classification complète des données radicielles sphériques irréductibles de rang au moins 2. Il se trouve qu'elles sont toutes d'origine algébrique (i.e. obtenues par constructions algébriques à partir de groupes de Chevalley).

Dans le cas sphérique, la situation est différente. D'une part, des résultats de Mühlherr semblent indiquer que les données radicielles jumelées 2-sphériques seraient d'origine algébrique. D'autre part Rémy et Ronan ont construit des exemples exotiques à angles droits pour lesquels l'adjectif "d'origine algébrique" est inapproprié.

Néanmoins ces exemples sont toujours relativement proches d'une construction algébrique. On ne peut donc rien conclure sur les données radicielles jumelées. Afin de répondre à cette question, on peut essayer de prouver des théorèmes structurels sur les données radicielles jumelées ou en donner des constructions permettant plus de flexibilité.

Les principaux résultats de cette thèse sont motivés par ces lignes directrices:

- nous prouvons un critère d'existence général pour les données radicielles jumelées;

- nous donnons une réponse affirmative à une question sur les automorphismes des groupes de Kac-Moody laissée ouverte dans un article de Caprace;

- nous proposons une définition d'une donnée radicielle jumelée sur un corps commutatif de caractéristique p.

Doctorat en Sciences
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A lot of developments made during the last years show that Kac-Moody algebras play an important role in the algebraic structure of some supergravity theories. These algebras would generate infinite-dimensional symmetry groups. The possible existence of such symmetries have motivated the reformulation of these theories as non-linear sigma-models based on the Kac-Moody symmetry groups. Such models are constructed in terms of an infinite number of fields parametrizing the generators of the corresponding algebra. If these conjectured symmetries are indeed actual symmetries of certain supergravity theories, a meaningful question to elucidate will be the interpretation of this infinite tower of fields. Another substantial problem is to find the correspondence between the sigma-models, which are explicitly invariant under the conjectured symmetries, and these corresponding space-time theories. The subject of this thesis is to address these questions in certain cases.

This dissertation is divided in three parts.

In Part I, we first review the mathematical background on Kac-Moody algebras required to understand the results of this thesis. We then describe the investigations of the underlying symmetry structure of supergravity theories.

In Part II, we focus on the bosonic sector of eleven-dimensional supergravity which would be invariant under the extended symmetry E_{11}. We study its subalgebra E_{10} and more precisely the real roots of its affine subalgebra E_9. For each positive real roots of E_9 we obtain a BPS solution of eleven-dimensional supergravity or of its exotic counterparts. All these solutions are related by U-dualities which are realized via E_9 Weyl transformations.

In Part III, we study the symmetries of pure N=2 supergravity in D=4. As is known, the dimensional reduction of this model with one Killing vector is characterized by a non-linearly realized symmetry SU(2,1). We consider the BPS brane solutions of this theory preserving half of the supersymmetry and the action of SU(2,1) on them. Infinite-dimensional symmetries are also studied and we provide evidence that the theory exhibits an underlying algebraic structure described by the Lorentzian Kac-Mody group SU(2,1)^{+++}. This evidence arises from the correspondence between the bosonic space-time fields of N=2 supergravity in D=4 and a one-parameter sigma-model based on the hyperbolic group SU(2,1)^{++}. It also follows from the structure of BPS brane solutions which is neatly encoded in SU(2,1)^{+++}. As a worthy by-product of our analysis, we obtain a regular embedding of su(2,1)^{+++} in E_{11} based on brane physics./

Nombreuses sont les recherches récentes indiquant que différentes théories de gravité couplée à un certain type de champs de matière pourraient être caractérisées par des algèbres de Kac-Moody. Celles-ci généreraient des symétries infinies-dimensionnelles. L'existence possible de ces symétries a motivé la reformulation de ces théories par des actions explicitement invariantes sous les transformations du groupe de Kac-Moody. Ces actions sont construites en termes d'une infinité de champs associés à l'infinité de générateurs de l'algèbre correspondante. Si la conjecture de ces symétries est exacte, qu'en est-il de l'interprétation de l'infinité de champs? Qu'en est-il d'autre part de la correspondance entre ces actions explicitement invariantes sous les groupes de Kac-Moody et les théories d'espace-temps correspondantes? C'est autour de ces questions que gravite cette thèse.

Nous nous sommes d'abord focalisés sur le secteur bosonique de la supergravité à 11 dimensions qui possèderait selon diverses études une symétrie étendue E_{11}. Nous avons étudié la sous-algèbre E_{10} et plus particulièrement les racines réelles de sa sous-algèbre affine E_9. Pour chacune de ces racines, nous avons obtenu une solution BPS de la supergravité à 11 dimensions dépendant de deux dimensions d'espace non-compactes. Cette infinité de solutions résulte de transformations de Weyl successives sur des champs dont l'interprétation physique d'espace-temps était connue.

Nous avons ensuite analysé les symétries de la supergravité N=2 à 4 dimensions dont le secteur bosonique contient la gravité couplée à un champ de Maxwell. Cette théorie réduite sur un vecteur de Killing est caractérisée par la symétrie SU(2,1). Nous avons considéré les solutions de brane BPS qui préservent la moitié des supersymétries ainsi que l'action du groupe SU(2,1) sur ces solutions. Les symétries infinies-dimensionnelles ont également été étudiées. D'une part, la correspondance entre les champs d'espace-temps de la théorie N=2 et le modèle sigma basé sur le groupe hyperbolique SU(2,1)^{++} est établie. D'autre part, on montre que la structure des solutions de brane BPS est bien encodée dans SU(2,1)^{+++}. Ces considérations argumentent le fait que la supergravité N=2 possèderait une structure algébrique décrite par le groupe de Kac-Moody Lorentzien SU(2,1)^{+++}.

Doctorat en Sciences
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Cette thèse est consacrée à une classe de groupes, appelés groupes de Kac-Moody, qui généralise de façon naturelle les groupes de Lie semi-simples, ou plus précisément, les groupes algébriques réductifs, dans un contexte infini-dimensionnel. On s'intéresse plus particulièrement au problème d'isomorphismes pour ces groupes, en vue d'obtenir un analogue infini-dimensionnel de la célèbre théorie des homomorphismes 'abstraits' de groupes algébriques simples, due à Armand Borel et Jacques Tits.

Le problème d'isomorphismes qu'on étudie s'avère être un cas particulier d'un problème plus général, qui consiste à caractériser les homomorphismes de groupes algébriques vers les groupes de Kac-Moody, dont l'image est bornée. Ce problème peut à son tour s'énoncer comme un problème de rigidité pour les actions de groupes algébriques sur les immeubles, via l'action naturelle d'un groupe de Kac-Moody sur une paire d'immeubles jumelés. Les résultats partiels, relatifs à ce problème de rigidité, que nous obtenons, nous permettent d'apporter une solution complète au problème d'isomorphismes pour les groupes de Kac-Moody déployés.

En particulier, on obtient un résultat de dévissage pour les automorphismes de ces objets. Celui-ci fournit à son tour une description complète de la structure du groupe d'automorphismes d'un groupe de Kac-Moody déployé sur un corps de caractéristique~$0$.

Nos arguments permettent également de traiter de façon analogue certaines formes anisotropes de groupes de Kac-Moody complexes, appelées formes unitaires. On montre en particulier que la topologie Hausdorff naturelle que portent ces formes est un invariant de leur structure de groupe abstrait. Ceci généralise un résultat bien connu de H. Freudenthal pour les groupes de Lie compacts.

Enfin, l'on s'intéresse aux homomorphismes de groupes de Kac-Moody à image fini-dimensionnelle, et l'on démontre la non-existence de tels homomorphismes à noyau central, lorsque le domaine est un groupe de Kac-Moody de type indéfini sur un corps infini. Ceci réduit un problème ouvert, dit problème de linéarité pour les groupes de Kac-Moody, au cas de corps de base finis.
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation mathématiques
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Thesis (M. A. (African languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2014
In this research an attempt has been made to assess and investigate the impact of the in-laws on Tshivenḓa marriage. This study was found to be necessary because although other scholars have investigated various aspects with regard to the impact of the in-laws on Tshivenḓa marriage, an in depth research on their impact has not been conducted. According to the Tshivenḓa culture, when boys and girls become older they are expected to get married. So this marriage can be influenced negatively or positively by the in-laws. Some couples are forced to live with the in-laws. There are some marriages that do not last due to the negative interference of the in-laws but there are some marriages that are succeeding due to the positive relationship with the in-laws, therefore the aim of this research is to investigate the impact of in-laws on marriages.

Questa tesi esplora la connessione tra un sistema cristallografico di Coxeter (W, S) e le radici di un'algebra di Kac-Moody Lie arbitraria associata a una Matrice di Cartan Generalizzata simmetrizzabile con il gruppo Weyl W attraverso la formula del denominatore Kac. La formula è parametrizzata quando conosciamo esplicitamente la molteplicità delle radici dell'algebra di Kac-Moody Lie. Il lato sinistro della formula del denominatore Kac dipende interamente dal gruppo Coxeter. Uno degli obiettivi più importanti è quello di calcolare questo lato sinistro per i gruppi cristallografici di Coxeter con infty-decomposition. Ciò è possibile perché il lato sinistro può essere reinterpretato con la serie completa di crescita applicata alla traccia e utilizzando diversi fatti sulla serie di crescita completa dei gruppi di Coxeter cristallografico con infinita-decomposizione. Nel Capitolo 1 mostriamo alcune proprietà del cociclo che si trovano nella parte sinistra della formula del denominatore Kac. La formula del denominatore Kac è stata già stabilita per alcune classi di gruppi di Coxeter. La classe dei gruppi di Coxeter è divisa in tre tipi principali: finiti, affini e indefiniti. La formula del denominatore Kac è stata appena parametrizzata per gruppi di Coxeter finiti e affini e anche per alcuni gruppi di Coxeter indefiniti. Quindi dobbiamo lavorare con la classe di gruppi di Coxeter indefiniti. Esiste una classe di gruppi di Coxeter indefiniti, uno dei cosiddetti gruppi di Coxeter iperbolico. Questi gruppi hanno attirato molta attenzione tra i matematici negli ultimi anni. Nel Capitolo 3 abbiamo dedicato molto impegno a rappresentare l'unica classe di isomorfismo dei gruppi di coxeter iperbolici cristallografici cocompact come un reticolo aritmetico cocompatto del gruppo ortogonale di matrici con voci reali che stabilizza una forma bilineare di firma (3,1) e con entrata positiva in posizione (1,1). Poi abbiamo anche ottenuto una rappresentazione del gruppo di Coxeter anche nello speciale gruppo lineare delle matrici 2x2 con coefficienti complessi prodotto semidiretto con una particolare involuzione esterna, utilizzando e calcolando un particolare isomorfismo di gruppo, che si dice sia eccezionale. Inoltre abbiamo ottenuto una descrizione del sistema di radici di una algebra di Kac-Moody Lie con questo gruppo cristallografico di Coxeter come gruppo di Weyl. In generale è estremamente difficile determinare o caratterizzare tutte le radici immaginarie ma grazie a una costruzione di una mappa lineare e ad un risultato importante di R. V. Moody sulle radici delle algebre di Kac-Moody Lie iperboliche è possibile in questo caso Nel capitolo 4 studiamo i sistemi cristallografici di Coxeter (W, S) con una sferica infinita-decomposizione. Il nostro scopo è quello di trovare una formula esplicita per il lato sinistro della formula del denominatore Kac per i gruppi cristallografici di Coxeter con una sferica infinita-decomposizione. Usiamo il fatto che questi gruppi sono prodotti liberi di gruppi con amalgama, quindi gli elementi hanno un'espressione unica in una forma normale canonica. Ciò consente di interpretare il lato sinistro della formula del denominatore Kac come una serie di potenze formali (chiamate serie Cocycle) di alcuni elementi dell'anello della serie di potenze formali con coefficienti nell'anello del gruppo Z [W], dove Z è il anelli interi e W è il gruppo considerato.
This thesis explores the connection between a crystallographic Coxeter system (W,S) and the roots of an arbitrary Kac-Moody Lie algebra associated with a symmetrizable Generalized Cartan Matrix (GCM) with Weyl group W through the Kac' denominator formula. The formula is parametrized when we explicitly know the multiplicity of the roots of the Kac-Moody Lie algebra. The left hand-side of the Kac' denominator formula depends entirely on the Coxeter group. One of the most important goals is to calculate this left hand-side for crystallographic Coxeter groups with infty-decomposition. This is possible because the left hand-side can be reinterpreted with the complete growth series applied to the trace and using several facts on the complete growth series of crystallographic Coxeter groups with infty-decomposition. In Chapter 1 we show some properties of the cocycle that is in the left hand-side of the Kac' denominator formula. Kac' denominator formula has been already established for some classes of Coxeter groups. The class of Coxeter groups is split into three principal types: finite Coxeter groups, affine Coxeter groups and indefinite Coxeter groups. Kac' denominator formula has just been parametrized for finite and affine Coxeter groups and also for some indefinite Coxeter groups. Then we must work with the class of indefinite Coxeter groups. There is one class of indefinite Coxeter groups, the one of the so-called hyperbolic Coxeter groups. These groups have attracted much attention among the mathematicians in recent years. In Chapter 3 we spent much effort to represent the only one isomorphism class of cocompact crystallographic hyperbolic Coxeter groups as a cocompact arithmetic lattice of the orthogonal group of matrices with real entries that stabilizes a bilinear form of signature (3,1) and with positive entry in position (1,1). Then we also obtained a representation of the Coxeter group also in the special linear group of the matrices 2x2 with complex coefficients semidirect product with a particular external involution, using and computing a particular group isomorphism, said to be exceptional. Moreover we obteined a description of the root system of a Kac-Moody Lie algebra with this crystallographic Coxeter group as Weyl group. In general it is extremely difficult to determine or characterize all imaginary roots but thank to a construction of a linear map and to an important result of R. V. Moody about the roots of the hyperbolic Kac-Moody Lie algebras it is possible in this case. In Chapter 4 we study crystallographic Coxeter systems (W,S) with a spherically infty-decomposition. Our aim is to find an explicit formula for the left hand-side of the Kac' denominator formula for the crystallographic Coxeter groups with spherically infty-decomposition. We use the fact that this groups are free product of groups with amalgamation, therefore the elements have a unique expression in a canonical normal form. This allows to interpret the left-hand side of the Kac' denominator formula as a formal power series (called Cocycle series) of some elements of the ring of formal power series with coefficients in the group ring Z[W], where Z is the integer rings and W is the considered group.