Bibliographies thématiques / Kathmandu city

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Kathmandu city »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 18 mai 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Kathmandu city"

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Kunzmann, Klaus R. « City Tour Kathmandu ». disP - The Planning Review 53, no 2 (3 avril 2017) : 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2017.1340490.

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Shrestha, Mohan Bikram, et Udhab Raj Khadka. « The Water Footprint of Kathmandu Metropolitan City ». Journal of Natural History Museum 28 (19 décembre 2015) : 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v28i0.14170.

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The water footprint is consumption-based indicator of water use. Water footprint is defined as the total volume of both indirect and the direct freshwater used for producing goods and services consumed by individuals or inhabitants of community. There are many studies regarding the direct water use but studies incorporating both direct and indirect water use is deficient. This study tries to estimate total volume of water based on the consumption pattern of different commodities by individuals of Kathmandu Metropolitan city using extended water footprint calculator. The average water footprint of individuals appears to be 1145.52 m3/yr. The indirect and direct water footprint appears to be 1070.82 Mm3/yr and 46.59 Mm3/yr respectively which cumulatively give the total water footprint of Kathmandu Metropolitan City of 1117.40 Mm3/yr. This volume is equal to 2.27 times the annual flow the River Bagmati. The indirect water footprint includes food water footprint of 1055.60 Mm3/yr or 2.14 times the annual flow and industrial water use of 15.22 Mm3/yr or 0.03 times the annual flow while the direct water footprint includes domestic water use of 46.59 Mm3/yr or 0.09 times the annual flow. In food water footprint, cereals consumption shared the highest contribution of 34.82% followed by meat consumption with share of 32.62% in total water footprint. Per capita per day water use of inhabitants appears to be 3138 liters which includes water use in food items of 2965 liters, industrial water use of 43 liters and domestic water use of 131 liters. The per capita per day domestic water use is 90 liters more than supplement of 41 liters by the water operator of Kathmandu Valley. Per capita per day domestic water use is already 5 liters more than expected improvement in water supplement of 126 liters per capita per day in 2025 after accomplishment of Melamchi water project. And, it is expected to increase further observing the rapid urbanization of Kathmandu Metropolitan City. The study showed water footprint of individuals is directly related to food consumption behavior, life style and services used therefore it is necessary to initiate water offsetting measures at individual level and water operator to find environmentally sustainable alternatives along with ongoing water project to fulfill demand. J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 73-80
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Amatya, Kailash Patendra. « Consumer Preference on Instant Noodles in Kathmandu City ». Management Dynamics 22, no 1 (31 décembre 2019) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v22i1.30229.

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This paper attempts to measure customer preference on instant noodles in Kathmandu City. Descriptive and causal research design was used. 100 samples were taken through structured questionnaires. Convenient sampling was used. Descriptive and correlation analysis was done to analyse the data and to test the hypothesis. This study confirmed that brand, price, quality, taste, easy and fast and availability is factors for purchasing noodles in Kathmandu City.
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Amatya, Kailash Patendra. « Consumer Preference on Instant Noodles in Kathmandu City ». Management Dynamics 22, no 2 (31 décembre 2019) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v22i2.30229.

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This paper attempts to measure customer preference on instant noodles in Kathmandu City. Descriptive and causal research design was used. 100 samples were taken through structured questionnaires. Convenient sampling was used. Descriptive and correlation analysis was done to analyse the data and to test the hypothesis. This study confirmed that brand, price, quality, taste, easy and fast and availability is factors for purchasing noodles in Kathmandu City.
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Dahal, Arvind. « Under the Tourist Gaze : Kathmandu in Popular Culture ». JODEM : Journal of Language and Literature 11, no 1 (31 décembre 2020) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v11i1.34799.

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This research explores the shifts and continuities of representing Kathmandu City in Western cinematic and musical creations since 1970s. My research concerns with the representations of Kathmandu in the popular culture intends to explore the imagination of Kathmandu as a touristic place and how they represent the city and produce images in the popular culture which expands far beyond the visual apprehension and enjoyment of a landscape. While doing so my research first explores the representations, practices and processes of identity formation and cultural negotiations that are brought about in the city by tourism and secondly, it analyses the content and the visual representations of the movies and songs relying primarily on the theoretical tools of Popular Culture and secondarily the image production of the landscape in terms of Tourist gaze.
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Baral, Sushim Ranjan, et Puran P. Kurmi. « Assessing city beautification with plants : the Kathmandu perspective ». Banko Janakari 15, no 1 (25 mars 2017) : 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v15i1.17042.

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K.C., Rodit. « Study of Earthquake Preparedness in Kathmandu City, Nepal ». Journal of APF Command and Staff College 5, no 1 (10 novembre 2022) : 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/japfcsc.v5i1.49348.

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Earthquakes cannot be predicted but effective planning and preparation may reduce the impact. Impacts from earthquake risk is believed to be increasing very rapidly mainly due to the improper development activities. People require to have basic knowledge on preparing themselves to mitigate the impacts from the earthquake. This paper studied the effectiveness of implementation of knowledge and skills to mitigate the impact of earthquake by focusing on the knowledge and ability of the household members in the community. This study also helped the respondents and institutions and stakeholders who were the part of this research to reflect, analyse and assess their own earthquake preparedness measure. It is seen that there is a necessity for a sound coordination and realization on importance of better preparedness which is essential to mitigate the impact from the earthquake.
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Singh, Ramesh Prasad, et Januka Dhakal. « Accessibility and Disability-Inclusive Urban Planning in Kathmandu Metropolitan City ». International Research Journal of MMC 5, no 1 (1 mars 2024) : 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/irjmmc.v5i1.63080.

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This research aims to explore the importance of accessibility and disability-inclusive urban planning. For this, it analyzes the problems of disabled people, especially physically disabled people, living in Kathmandu Metropolitan City. The review of the literature shows that people with disabilities face a widespread lack of accessibility to build environments, from roads and housing to public buildings and spaces and basic urban services such as sanitation and water, health, education, transportation, and emergency response and resilience programs. Particularly, one of the main problems in Kathmandu Metropolitan City is the inaccessibility of urban public spaces such as sidewalks, bus stops, pedestrian crossings, etc. for people with all kinds of abilities. Persons with disability (PWDs), often struggle with the complexities of the built environment in urban areas that hinder their equal participation in daily activities. So, there is a need for accessibility and disability-inclusive urban planning in Kathmandu metropolitan city.
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Molden, Olivia. « Water Heritage and Urban Development : Lessons from Nepal’s Kathmandu Valley ». Journal of Heritage Management 4, no 2 (décembre 2019) : 176–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455929619890512.

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Residents of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal face growing water insecurities: too much at times and not enough at others coupled with constant worry about water quality and access. In this rapidly changing city, ancient water infrastructure is a critical mediator of urban water security. Drawing on six years of mixed methods research, I explain the vital role of water heritage for Kathmandu’s water security and urban development by critiquing three common assumptions about water heritage. First, so-called traditional water infrastructure is not a temporary alternative. Second, water heritage is not a living museum. Third, water heritage is not a panacea for modern woes. This article concludes with reflections on the potentials for Kathmandu’s water heritage to address persistent urban insecurities and inequities.
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Karmacharya, Sunaina. « Land Readjustment in Kathmandu Valley ». Journal of Science and Engineering 8 (12 novembre 2020) : 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jsce.v8i0.32863.

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Urban expansion of Kathmandu Valley is taking place at the fast rate challenging urban managers and planners of the city. In-migration has resulted in the unplanned urban growth of the city with the shortage of serviced land for urban development in Kathmandu. So Land Readjustment (LR) technique has been used as urban land development tool by the government. There are twenty two LR projects completed, and some of the projects are ongoing in the valley. The overview of the Land Readjustment technique of Kathmandu Valley has been done to explore the required measures needed to reform the existing legal and Institutional Framework and procedure of LR. Among the implemented LR projects, Nayabazar Land pooling has been selected for the case study as almost all the plots have been developed. Now, it is a dense residential neighborhood. The instruments used for research are literature study, in-depth interviews with different stakeholders of LR projects and landowners. Field visit and questionnaire survey in case study area are conducted regarding the street network and open space of the area. The existing system of LR technique is studied relating it with international experience mainly the case of Germany and Japan to draw positive inferences to explore the wider scope of LR technique for the comprehensive development in urban areas.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Kathmandu city"

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Maharjan, Anil. « Socio-economic impacts of land pooling in Kathmandu ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206614.

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The urban population of the Nepal, like most of the Asian countries, is increasing rapidly owing to an influx of migrants from other parts of the regions who come to the capital in search of employment, education, better health services and security. The decade long conflict not only triggered rapid urbanization of cities by migration from rural parts of the country but also hindered the development of new cities and towns. Today, Nepal is in a transition phase and political transformation will take place sooner or later and there will be opportunities for development of new towns and cities as the country is progressing towards federal system. For the past few decades Kathmandu, the capital city has seen unprecedented changes in terms of urbanization. Kathmandu recorded the highest population growth rate in a decade with 60.93 percent and a population density of 4408/sq.km (CBS, 2011). In the absence of a strong planning and regulating body, lack of proper housing facilities and development of economic and social activities, degradation of environment and the undesirable urban sprawl is ever spreading. Houses are being built with no proper provision of road, water supply, drainage, electricity and telephone facility. From private led to government led projects, there have been a lot of land developments in the city to meet the land and housing demands. Land pooling or land readjustment scheme is regarded as one of the most successful tools for land development as it is a public private partnership scheme and involves community in the planning process. However, there are a number of issues and problems that exist in the land pooling areas as well. So far, there are no studies done to measure or evaluate the socio-economic impacts of such projects on the community and the neighborhood. In this context, this study aims to delve on the socio-economic impacts of land pooling projects on the community. The study has been carried out taking an example of Nayabazar land pooling project, which has been considered as one of the successful and fastest in implementation. The research has been carried out to measure different indicators of socio-economic impact assessment mainly change in demography, change in aesthetic quality of neighborhood, change in employment, income, change in retail/housing markets etc. The research has been carried out by conducting questionnaire surveys, interviews from key informants, informal focus group meetings and secondary data sources. The study recognized the issues behind the impacts of land pooling on the community both socially and economically. The literature framework and analysis facilitated to generate recommendations for to mitigate such impacts, which are taking place in Nayabazar land pooling area. One of the major findings of the study has been the lack of strong and decisive institution to take charge of management and further development of the study area.
published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning
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Aryal, Ram Hari. « The onset of fertility decline in urban Nepal : a study of Kathmandu city / ». Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha797.pdf.

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Basnet, Sandhya. « Women in handicraft production of Kathmandu city in Nepal ». Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/231.

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Bajracharya, Rijina. « The study on the spatial transformation of traditional towns ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46735033.

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Shrestha, Joshi Anju. « Role of building bylaws and regulations in shaping urban forms a case of Kathmandu / ». Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B39558368.

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Shrestha, Uma. « Social networks and code-switching in the Newar community of Kathmandu City ». Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720143.

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The present study seeks to investigate the linguistic behavior of two Newari high castes, called Shresthas and Udas, living in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, in their use of Newari, the ethnic language, and Nepali, the national language. Specifically, the study attempts to explain the hypothesis that the Hindu (Shrestha) Newars are becoming monolingual in Nepali while the Buddhist (Udas) Newars are maintaining their bilingualism in Nepali and Newari. To do so, a questionnaire was distributed to a total of 96 subjects, selected through quota sampling procedures. The questionnaire not only elicits information about the situational and societal variation in the subjects' use of Newari and Nepali but also reveals their attitudes and opinions about the differential use of these languages. Also, the participant observation method was employed to supplement and validate the responses derived from the questionnaire survey.The results from this study suggest a diglossic behavior in the Udas' use of Newari and Nepali, which, however, is remarkably different from those found in classic diglossic settings. This, in turn, leads to a reexamination of Ferguson's concept of diglossia. The Shresthas, on the other hand, frequently alternate between Newari and Nepali regardless of situation. Such linguistic differences between these two groups are related to their varied social networks and relationships; the Udas Newars' greater use of Newari is due to their closed social networks while the Shresthas' greater use of Nepali is due to their open social networks.The data on the analysis of the subjects' attitudes and opinions toward Nepali and Newari indicate that the Udas Newars are positive and favorable toward Newari while the Shresthas are ambivalent in their opinions toward these languages. This study, therefore, emphasizes a strong need for bilingual education in the country.The results of the present study show that the Udas' use of Newari exclusively at home and with children is a major factor in its retention. Among the Shresthas, it is rapidly losing ground to Nepali. Newari then is gradually dying away among the Shresthas, and will continually do so in the absence of institutional support.
Department of English
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Shrestha, Amit. « Optimal Strategic Plan for Sustainable Urban Transport System in Kathmandu City Centre : Using Decision Support Systems ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176159.

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There are many factors associated with an urban environment that enrich or  diminish the experience of the environment. These factors have a significant influence on how  an urban morphology is appraised within the social, economical, and environmental  framework. One of such factors is the urban transport system that represents the mobility of  the people and accessibility to public services. This thesis is an assessment of a current  transport system in Kathmandu city centre in comparison to Kathmandu Sustainable Urban  Transport Project (KSUTP) promoted by Ministry of Physical Planning and Works in  cooperation from Asian Development Bank (ADB). The study aims to find the optimal  strategic alternative between the current system and KSUTP. The focus area is the historic  city centre, because of its cultural, historical, architectural, and aesthetical significance.    Two methods are used for two different purposes; first to measure people’s appraisal and  second, to evaluate action alternatives. Measurement of Experience in Environment from  Results of Core affect Investigation (MEERCI) is used to measure people’s appraisal and  experience of the urban characters of Kathmandu city centre. The results from this survey will  provide a background on people’s assessment of the city environs, and collected data from  field work will be used in Generic Multi-Attribute Analysis (GMAA) model to determine the  best strategic plan for developing sustainable urban transport system for Kathmandu city  centre. The hard facts and figures are collected from authorities, ministries, and previous  researches, which is then entered into the model to evaluate the optimal alternative.     It is concluded that improvements in the current transport system in Kathmandu city centre,  with the implementation of KSUTP, will result in better environment for the local population,  local economy, public services, and transport facilities. In short, the quality of life will be  enhanced with an upgrade in the urban transport system.
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Timalsina, Krishna Prasad. « Rural Urban Migration and Livelihood in the Informal Sector : A Study of Street Vendors of Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal ». Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Geography, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1530.

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Increasing population pressure at the household level, increasing socio-economic disparities between people and communities, disparities between urban and rural areas, increasing unemployment, unequal land ownership, difficult rural life in general, and conflict in particular have resulted in livelihood vulnerability in the rural areas of Nepal. People are pursuing internal migration as a way of survival strategy among others to create livelihoods in the urban informal sectors. In this context the present study explores increasing rural-urban migration, increase in the informal sector activities and how that impacts on people’s livelihood in the urban areas of Nepal in general and Kathamndu in particular. It further looks at how the situation is linked to rural conflict and displacement in Nepal. Migrants street vendors, as the objects of this study, were selected from Kathamndu Metropolitan City, using purposive snowball sampling to get insights by the qualitative research methodology.

As theories provide certain ways of looking at the world or issues and are essential in defining a research problem, migration theories and livelihood approach are adopted to look at the issues to get insights how poor migrants are making a living in the urban informal sector in Kathmandu. Migration theories have been applied to look at the causes for increasing population in Kathmandu in general, and in the informal sector in particular. Livelihood approach has been adopted to look at the changes in access to assets in different circumstances. It has been looked at how street vendors are making a living and how they have changed the access to assets as compared to their previous occupation. These issues are explained on the basis of analytical framework, which was developed by reviewing migration theories and livelihood approach.

This study shows that the informal sector, including street vending activities in Kathmandu are increasing with increasing rural to urban migration. It has been found that with the increase in the number of street vendors in the urban areas in recent years, the situation is linked to rural conflict and displacement. This study also shows that street vending is an opportunity to rural poor for making a living in the urban areas. The livelihoods of migrant vendors, as compared with their previous occupation, have increased after getting involved in the street vending. Comparing access to assets before and after migration shows migrant vendors have improved their financial and human capital assets by getting better access to physical and political capital assets than before. However, with limited access to physical, financial and political capitals, rural societies have to depend on natural and social capitals for their livelihoods. Thus, there is difference in getting access to assets between urban and rural societies, and street vending in Kathmandu can be accounted as a resource rather than a problem.

However, there are confrontations between authorities and vendors over licensing, taxation and encroachment of public places and pavements. In spite of its crucial role for providing employment and livelihoods to both urban and rural poor, its economic importance is rarely recognized either in national poverty reduction strategies or in city governance initiatives. Urban authorities take it as an illegal and unproductive sector, and their response to street trading is, too often, harassment of traders and eviction, which causes conflict between authorities and vendors.

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Livres sur le sujet "Kathmandu city"

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Kelly, Thomas L. Kathmandu : City on the edge of the world. New York : Abbeville Press, 1989.

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1946-, Roberts Patricia, dir. Kathmandu : City on the edge of the world. London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1989.

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Shrestha, Chandra Bahadur. Intra-urban movement of population in Kathmandu City. Kathmandu, Nepal : Centre for Economic Development and Administration, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 1985.

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Shah, Arjun Jung. Low cost travel modes (LCTM) an urban poor in Kathmandu City. Kathmandu, Nepal : Centre for Economic Development and Administration, Tribhuvan University, 1988.

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1949-, Funo Shūji, dir. Stupa and Swastika : Historical urban planning principles in Nepal's Kathmandu Valley. Kyoto : Kyoto University Press, 2007.

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City on their backs : Poems and photos from the streets of Kathmandu. Kathmandu : Bidhya books, 2015.

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Surveillance of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Nepal : Report from Kathmandu metropolitan city. Kathmandu : Ministry of Health and Population, 2010.

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Nelles. Kathmandu City. Treaty Oak, 1997.

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Kathmandu City. Mapart Publishing, 2001.

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Singh, Jyoti. Kathmandu ( City Guide). South Asia Books, 1998.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Kathmandu city"

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Shrestha, Pranita. « (In)formal Land Delivery Processes : Relational Perspectives on Squatter Settlements in Kathmandu ». Dans Informality and the City, 433–49. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99926-1_29.

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Poudel, Krishna Prasad, et Suresh Shrestha. « Digital Addressing of Historical City Morphology : The Case of Lalitpur City in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal ». Dans AUC 2019, 263–78. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5608-1_21.

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Colopy, Cheryl. « Belji of Dhulikhel ». Dans Dirty, Sacred Rivers. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199845019.003.0016.

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I first heard of Bel Prasad Shrestha five years before I met him. An article in the Nepali Times lauded his efforts to establish a water system in the town of Dhulikhel while he was its mayor. I clipped it and set it aside. Fifteen miles from Kathmandu was a municipal utility that put Kathmandu’s to shame. I wanted to know more. Perhaps I saved Bel Prasad for last, expecting the visit to Dhulikhel to be a pleasant excursion—a hopeful encounter that would show me that the break down of urban management I saw every day in Kathmandu was not an inevitable part of development in Nepal. After all those discouraging discussions about Melamchi and about Kathmandu sewage and water supply problems, perhaps I was going to meet a Newar who had a gift for water like his ancient forebears. I went to Dhulikhel the day before May Day, 2010, when Nepal’s Maoists were planning to outdo their usual May Day celebrations with protests all over the city. They were massing their cadres in Kathmandu, ostensibly to pressure the prime minister of another party to resign. On a Friday morning I set out with my friend Ram, a Kathmandu taxi driver who was always available when I needed to venture out on a longer excursion. The shocks on his little white Maruti Suzuki were shot, as they were on most taxis in Kathmandu, but Ram was a good driver who knew all the roads and backroads. Aside from worries about being able to return to the city in the face of demonstrations and roadblocks—or perhaps the complete countrywide shutdown that the Maoists were threatening—Dhulikhel was a green and quiet escape, a fine place to wait out urban riots if any were to materialize. And I found a charming host in Bel Prasad, a unique and now elderly gentleman who had straddled the wide gulf between the rural Nepal of his childhood and the world he had seen in visits to Europe, America, and Japan.
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Michaels, Axel. « Divided Rule ». Dans Nepal, 105–35. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197650936.003.0006.

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Abstract The chapter deals with the three rival Malla kingdoms in the Kathmandu Valley. It is also about the rich culture of the Newars, who have produced great achievements in literature, art, architecture, and crafts. It describes how the three city-kingdoms of Kantipur (Kathmandu), Bhadgaon (Bhaktapur), and Lalitpur (Patan) developed into the three power centers that alternated between alliance and enmity. The accomplishments of Malla kings, particularly Pratāpa Malla, are described, and the chapter details the autocratic system of administration used during the Malla Period. Finally, the different urban cultures of the royal capitals Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur with their art and architectural historical peculiarities, especially temples, palaces, and monasteries, are presented.
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Quigley, Declan. « Conclusion : Caste Organization and the Ancient City ». Dans Contested Hierarchies, 298–328. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198279600.003.0010.

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Abstract In his introduction Gellner suggests that Newar society provides a kind of paradigm for the study of Hindu South Asia and that the Kathmandu Yalley exhibits one of the clearest expressions of the basic principles of caste. There is no good a priori reason why this should not be so. Nor is there any good reason for making the association which is often made between caste orthodoxy and India. Where should one choose in India as the locus of this orthodoxy? Perhaps the most remarkable feature of Hinduism is that it does not have a Rome or a Mecca.
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« The Divided City ? Squatters’ Struggle for Urban Space in Kathmandu ». Dans Urban Navigations, 119–51. Routledge India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203085332-13.

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Nath Maskey, Prem. « Generation of Site-Dependent Earthquake Ground Motion Parameters ». Dans Earthquake Ground Motion [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1003688.

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The Kathmandu Valley, with many monumental and heritage structures, lies in a zone of high seismic risk. The neo-tectonic activities in the Himalayan region and the unconsolidated soil sediment are the major reasons for the high intensities of the ground motion in the valley. The conservation of the monument zones against the possible future earthquakes has been an issue of global concern. A probabilistic method to simulate the seismic ground motion parameters specific to sites lying in earthquake-prone region with a limited earthquake records is presented. Seismic hazard curves indicating the seismicity of a site is developed, risk consistent spectral shapes and corresponding power spectral density functions are obtained using empirical relationships, and ground acceleration time histories are simulated using Monte Carlo technique. One dimensional wave propagation analysis, with consideration of both linear and nonlinear behaviors of soils, is carried out to obtain the free field ground motion and the input response spectra for the structures. The method is illustrated by determination of site-specific seismic ground motion of three Bhaktapur city sites in the Kathmandu Valley. The significant influence of linear or nonlinear behavior of soil in the free field ground motion is observed in the monument zones.
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Colopy, Cheryl. « Melamchi River Blues ». Dans Dirty, Sacred Rivers. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199845019.003.0014.

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While I lived in Kathmandu, I regularly visited the American Mission Association. Members call it Phora, while some Nepalis call it “mini America.” It’s a club, and expatriates with the right kind of visa can apply to become members. It has a pool and tennis courts, a small gym, a field for baseball and soccer, a children’s playground, movie rentals, manicures and massages, a commissary and wifi café, and very polite Nepali staff. It has a certain colonial feel to it, which bothered me at times: yet it was also a haven where on a weekday afternoon I could exercise, read the papers, and eat lunch. Phora refers to phohara durbar, which in Nepali means “fountain palace.” The extensive, welltended grounds where dozens of expats and their children gather for hours on weekends was once the site of a Rana palace, a place for parties and dances, performances and cinema. It got its name because there were fountains throughout the gardens as well as inside the building. The ornate, neoclassical palace is long gone. In serious disrepair by 1960, the palace was demolished and the land sold to the American government. But phohara durbar has other claims to fame. It was also the site of the first piped water in the Kathmandu Valley. To explain how this came about, I’ll tell you a little more about the valley’s history and culture. The Lichchhavis and Mallas kept the city from growing beyond certain limits. They prohibited building outside a ring of shrines to various mother goddesses, like Kali. They knew that disturbing the land beyond that ring would be “killing your own food, your economic base,” says Sudarshan Tiwari, the architect and cultural historian who has reconstructed aspects of ancient life in the valley. There is still some agriculture in the Kathmandu Valley, because a few of the old landowners stubbornly hold on to their fields even as a sea of “wedding cake,” multistory, pastel houses engulfs them. But daily the green plots of rice and vegetables shrink as the valley succumbs, like the ancient water channels, to unplanned urban development.
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Colopy, Cheryl. « Dirty, Sacred Rivers ». Dans Dirty, Sacred Rivers. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199845019.003.0008.

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I wanted to see the source of what we in the West call the Ganges. Here in South Asia people call it Mother Ganga, Gangaji, the Great Ganga. At the edge of the icy river that flows from the Gangotri glacier I scooped Gangajal—Ganges water—into plastic soft drink bottles. I planned to take some of this water to friends in Kathmandu, practicing Hindus for whom the drops of glacial melt would have spiritual meaning. Along with its tremendous religious and ritual value, the water of the Ganga has been shown to be both antimicrobial and richer in oxygen than that of other rivers. Revered beyond all others, this river is now abused in equal measure: harnessed for hydropower near its holy mountain source, polluted with every imaginable waste as it runs its course for more than 1,500 miles across the widest part of the Indian subcontinent. One of the Ganga’s main and equally sacred tributaries, the Yamuna, flows through Delhi. Delhi, a city of more than fifteen million, owes its existence to this river, which is now dead at its doorstep. Industrial effluents pour in upriver, then Delhi adds its sewage. During my first trip to Delhi in January 2007, I went down to the edge of the Yamuna. I wanted to see just how bad the river’s reputed pollution might be. First I saw the barren ground along the riverside, strewn with rubble from the construction of a nearby bridge. There was little to tell me that this area was also the site of regular religious practice where people come to do puja, take a little of the water to splash on their heads, throw some flowers into the river. Bunching up in the eddies under the bridge pylons were stray bits of colored plastic and plastic shopping bags bloated with garbage, floating like sagging baloons half filled with air. They mingled with broken yellow marigolds scattered in the water and bright red flowers set afloat in little cups by those who had come to worship by the river.
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Colopy, Cheryl. « Delhi’s Yamuna ». Dans Dirty, Sacred Rivers. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199845019.003.0010.

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As challenging as I often found living in Kathmandu, my home base as I explored South Asia, I felt as if I had left a safe retreat and entered a maelstrom when I flew down to Delhi. By January of 2010 I had visited several times and had learned to negotiate the immense city to some extent. Still, the morning after I arrived, just the process of obtaining a SIM card for my phone sapped my energy. The tall man at the tiny general store near my guesthouse was quite pleasant. He apologized several times for all the forms I had to fill out to purchase a prepaid SIM card: the government was requiring even more documentation since the 2008 attacks in Mumbai. I had to go back to my room for a photo, then find a shop to make photocopies of my passport and visa. Then the store owner had to call the guesthouse owner, whom he knew, to vouch for me. I made a small mistake on one of the forms and had to start over. Yet this was only part of what taxed my equanimity. As I stood on the sidewalk at the shop counter negotiating the details, the store owner dexterously handled a couple of dozen other customers who crowded up on both sides and behind me to demand soap, toothpaste, recharge cards for their cell phones, potato chips, or little plastic pouches of milk. The man yelled for one of the boys who worked for him to bring a desired item from a shelf in back and bag it; he fanned through little stacks of recharge cards to find the right one for a customer; he took money and made change and still kept the process of my SIM card moving along, however slowly. Most of the other customers were yelling too, some of them quite close to my ear. I don’t understand much Hindi, but these were not angry exchanges. It was just business, just the pace of Delhi.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Kathmandu city"

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Jha, P. Kumar. « Climate change : impact, adaptation and vulnerability in the water supply of Kathmandu Valley ». Dans The Sustainable City 2012. Southampton, UK : WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc120471.

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Hwang, Jun-seok, et Shisir Prasad Manandhar. « Cost-Benefit Analysis of OPEN System : A Case Study for Kathmandu Metropolitan City ». Dans 2009 Fourth International Conference on Computer Sciences and Convergence Information Technology. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccit.2009.252.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Kathmandu city"

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Price, Roz. Measuring Carbon Emissions From Low carbon Cities in Rapidly Urbanising Countries – Nepal. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), septembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.142.

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Climate change and urbanisation are inextricably linked. With the acceleration of urbanisation in many developing countries, urban areas play a major role in energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. This is true of Nepal, which has experienced rapid urbanisation in recent decades. However, no studies were identified that evaluate the efforts of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from low carbon cities in rapidly urbanising developing countries. Although, there is literature out there on this that focuses on developed countries and the Global North, this is outside the scope of this report. Given the rapid nature of this review and its limitations it was not possible to fully answer the question of whether investments in low-carbon cities reduce carbon emissions in rapidly urbanising contexts. The first section of this report looks at the theory of low carbon cities and touches on some of the methodologies for measuring carbon emissions from cities (and the complexities and difficulties with these). The second section looks at Nepal in more detail, highlighting previous literature which has attempted to quantify emissions from cities in Nepal (namely Kathmandu Valley) and the co-benefits of low carbon investment in Nepal. However, overall, literature was largely limited on these topics, and was often older being from 5 years or more ago. Of note is an emissions inventory for Nepal for 2016 by Sadavarte et al. (2019) – although other literature notes that data on emission characteristics are still limited (IMC Worldwide, 2020). ICLEI (2009) also produced city emissions profiles for 3 Nepalese cities, but these are quite outdated. There are several studies related to low carbon development pathways for major cities in developed countries or China, however such studies from the perspective of emerging cities from the developing world are limited. Research into other developing countries with similar characteristics to Nepal was briefly explored in this rapid review but there was not time to fully explore this literature base. Most of the literature explored is from academia, although some is from non-governmental organisations particularly those looking at engaging cities in climate action (such as C40). The literature explored does not look at gender issues or issues of people with disabilities.
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