Bibliographies thématiques / Jet-steam

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Jet-steam »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 7 septembre 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Jet-steam"

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Shavdinova, M. D. « ENHANCEMENT OF STEAM-TURBINE CONDENSER STEAM-JET EJECTOR ». Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 18, no 4 (38) (21 décembre 2021) : 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021no4/52-58.

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A three-stage steam-jet ejector EPO-3-200 with a working steam flow rate of 850 t / h is installed at the Combined Heat and Power Plant-2 of the city of Almaty on heating turbines. In this paper, the replacement of the existing three-stage steam-jet ejector with a two-stage steam-jet ejector is proposed and substantiated. As a result of the replacement, they obtained a saving of heat (steam) for their own needs for the production of electrical energy. It has been established that at a pressure in the turbine condenser significantly lower than 100 kPa, it is advisable to install a new two-stage ejector EPO-2-80 instead of EPO-3-200. Using the existing calculation methods, the geometric characteristics of the new ejector were obtained. The working steam flow rate of the new two-stage ejector is 579 t / h. In addition, the use of two stages makes it possible to simplify the design and make it more reliable, and also makes it possible to increase the pressure in the cooler of the 1st stage of the ejector. This is especially important for cogeneration turbines, which may have a high temperature of the main condensate, which adversely affects the performance of a conventional three-stage ejector.
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Melkias, Alvera Apridalianti, et Shahrul Nuno Gomez. « Evaluasi Kinerja Steam Jet Ejector Tingkat Pertama Terhadap Kevakuman Kondensor ». Jurnal Surya Teknika 11, no 1 (26 juin 2024) : 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jst.v11i1.7259.

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The steam jet ejector is a device for extracting NCG from the condenser. NCG can increase the pressure in the condenser until a vacuum condition is not reached. The diffuser pressure on the steam jet ejector has a normal operational limit of below 1 atm, meaning that the ejector performance will be optimal if it is operated at the operational limit under vacuum conditions. The expected objectives are to determine the effect of the steam jet ejector on condenser vacuum, calculate the performance of the first level steam jet ejector through pressure analysis in the diffuser section, calculate the performance of the steam jet ejector in actual conditions compared to the design data conditions and analyze actions that can be taken to improve the performance of the tool. Based on the results of calculations and analysis, it was found that the increase in steam jet ejector pressure had an effect on the increase in condenser pressure from the design pressure of 0.10 bar to 0.107-0.123 bar under actual conditions. The decrease in steam jet ejector performance results in the condenser vacuum level decreasing, but the equipment performance is within normal operational limit conditions, namely below 1 atm. The decrease in steam jet ejector performance is influenced by the motive steam mass flow rate, NCG mass flow towards suction, entrainment ratio value, NCG pressure and motive steam pressure which exceeds the design data.
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Wickramasinghe, Ganemulle Lekamalage Dharmasri, et Peter William Foster. « Investigation of the use of steam for spun-like textured yarn manufacturing ». International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 27, no 2 (20 avril 2015) : 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-01-2014-0017.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of steam in order to replace air in the production of spun-like textured yarns. Further, this paper analyse the effect of production speed on process and textured yarn properties. Design/methodology/approach – An existing air-jet texturing machine was modified to supply either air or steam to the texturing nozzle. Using standard commercial nozzles, both air-jet and steam-jet textured yarns were manufactured by varying production speed. Findings – It can be concluded that steam can be used as an alternative fluid for air in making spun-like textured yarns. Results show that yarn parameters for steam-jet texturing show a similar trend to those of air-jet texturing relative to the production speed. Further, sewing threads made from steam-jet textured yarns showed good sewability up to the speeds of 350 m/min. Research limitations/implications – Only the effect of production speed on process and yarn parameters is discussed in this paper. Production speed was limited to 350 m/min due to machine constraints. Practical implications – Steam is more economical than air to manufacture spun-like textured yarn at commercial pressures such as 8 bar. Steam-jet textured yarns could be used for commercial applications such as sewing threads at competitive speeds. Further, steam could be generated using sustainable and renewable fuel sources such as biomass. Originality/value – This research introduced steam as an alternative fluid for air in manufacturing spun-like textured yarns.
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Dai, Xiao Chun, et Jian Huo. « Numerical Simulation on Flow Structure of a Steam-Jet Pump Influenced by Primary Nozzle Geometries ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (octobre 2011) : 1703–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1703.

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The aim of the paper is to reveal the flow structure and the mixing process of a steam-jet pump by using a computational fluid dynamics code FLUENT. Discusses the effect on a steam-jet pump’s entrainment ratio when the throat diameter of the primary nozzle as well as the outlet diameter of the primary nozzle is varied. Analyzes the position of shock wave which will bring the steam-jet pump’s performance a great loss. The performances of a steam-jet pump are studied by changing back pressures while the distance between primary nozzle outlet and mixing chamber inlet (DPM) is varied. The entrainment ratios of a steam-jet pump with different values of DPM and different back pressures are calculated.
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Fujita, Isamu, Muneo Yoshie et Yukihiro Saito. « Steam Jet Pump For Oil Recovery And Reformation ». International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no 1 (1 mai 2005) : 589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-589.

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ABSTRACT This paper discusses basic performances of the steam jet suction device and its potential application to the spilled oil recovery. The experiments were carried out on suction and ejection performance of the steam-driven jet pump as well as its other benefits such as breaking emulsion or an application to a beach cleaning device. The paper additionally includes some basic topics related to the process of emulsion breaking by surface active agents. The main conclusions of the study are (1) A steam-jet pump is basically suitable to recover and transfer high viscosity spilled oil because it realizes large suction power as well as very rapid heating which resolves the difficulty related to the high viscosity caused by the emulsification, (2) A steam-jet pump is also available for reforming the nature of the spilled oil. Emulsion breaking was observed to a considerable extent even without chemical agent, (3) A steam-jet pump has a potential application to a beach cleaning equipment. The steam-driven jet pump is available for sucking well not only liquid but also sand slurry and simultaneously has some side effect that separates oil from oiled-sand very rapidly. The steam-driven jet pump will play an important roll to respond to the high viscous emulsified oil pollution.
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Li, Xin, Guangsheng Wei, Rong Zhu, Bohan Tian, Ruimin Zhao et Xinyi Lan. « Study on the Characteristics of Coherent Supersonic Jet with Superheated Steam ». Metals 12, no 5 (13 mai 2022) : 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12050835.

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By establishing a mathematical model to simulate a mixed jet of oxygen and superheated steam from a coherent supersonic jet oxygen lance, we studied the effect of superheated steam on the fluid characteristics of the mixed jet. The model was initially verified through laboratory experiments prior to analyzing the fluid characteristics of the mixed jet in detail. These characteristics included the jet velocity, the temperature, the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and the mass distribution. The results showed that, at an ambient temperature of 1700 K, the jet velocity measured in the laboratory experiment was consistent with the fluid velocity obtained by numerical simulations, with an error of only 2.7%. In a high-temperature environment, the jet velocity of the mixed oxygen and superheated steam jet was increased, the TKE around the center jet was enhanced, the superheated steam exhibited an inhibitory effect on the combustion reaction of annular methane, and the potential core length of the coherent supersonic jet was reduced, which was conducive to methane combustion and delayed the reduction in the central jet velocity.
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Zwawi, Mohammed, Afrasyab Khan, Ali Bahadar et Mohammed Algarni. « Study of Steam-Induced Convection in a Rotating Vertical Flow Channel ». Mathematics 11, no 1 (25 décembre 2022) : 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11010079.

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The phenomenon of steam–water direct contact condensation has significance in a wide range of industrial applications. Superheated steam was injected upward into a cylindrical water vessel. Visual observations were conducted on a turbulent steam jet to determine the dimensionless steam jet length compared to the steam nozzle exit diameter and the steam maximum swelling ratio as a function of steam mass flux at the nozzle exit, with a gas steam flux ranging from 295–883 kg/m2s. The Reynolds number based on the steam jet’s maximum expansion ranged from 41,000 to 93,000. Farther above of the condensation region, the jet evolved as a single-phase heated plume, surrounded by ambient water. Mean axial central velocity profiles were determined against the steam mass flux ranging from 295–883 kg/m2s to observe the exponential drop in the mean axial velocity as the vertical distance increased. The radial velocity distribution within the spread of the jet was determined to be self-similar, and the radial distribution of the velocity profile followed the Gaussian function, after the proper scaling of the vertical distance and the axial mean velocity.
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Ren, Da Bin, Xian Kun Wang, Jiao Lei et Jiu Mei Xiao. « Study on a Development Platform of Virtual Steam Jet Pump Based on Virtual Prototyping Technology ». Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (octobre 2010) : 1498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1498.

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Based on virtual prototyping technology (VPT) and software engineering principles, and combining with the characteristics of steam jet pump, a virtual prototyping development platform of steam jet pump, consisting of five functional models, including general scheme design, virtual physical prototype design, virtual performance prototype design, assemble process analysis and VR model design and evaluation, was present in this paper. The architecture and functional model of the virtual steam jet pump prototyping development platform (VSJPDP) were proposed in the article. The ideas corresponding to several key technological problems for implementing the VSJPDP were also described. At last, the platform’s feasibility, effectiveness and advancement were verified by the development process of the virtual single-stage steam jet pump.
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Hogekamp, Stefan. « Steam Jet Agglomeration - Part 1 : Production of Redispersible Agglomerates by Steam Jet Agglomeration ». Chemical Engineering & ; Technology 22, no 5 (mai 1999) : 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4125(199905)22:5<421 ::aid-ceat421>3.0.co;2-0.

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El-Dessouky, Hisham, Hisham Ettouney, Imad Alatiqi et Ghada Al-Nuwaibit. « Evaluation of steam jet ejectors ». Chemical Engineering and Processing : Process Intensification 41, no 6 (juillet 2002) : 551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0255-2701(01)00176-3.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Jet-steam"

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Wickramasinghe, G. L. D. « Steam-jet intermingled sewing threads ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601663.

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The object of the work was to develop the use of high-pressure steam in order to replace air in air-jets in the production of intermingled yarns, particularly for sewmg threads. The thesis discusses the development of air-jet texturing! intermingling and analysis of the process by earlier workers. Differences between steam-flow and air-flow through jets are discussed. The effects of process parameters on steam-jet intermingling and comparisons of steam-jet intermingled yarns and air-jet intermingled yarns have been studied. The results show that steam-jet intermingled yarn has higher strength, higher elongation, higher loop stability and lower boiling water shrinkage than air-jet intermingled yarn. Core-yarn wetting does not have a significant effect on the steam-jet intermingling process and intermingled yarn properties. Elimination of the wetting system reduces the production cost of steam-jet compared to air-jet. Steam-jet intermingled yarn needs less energy to heat-set after intermingling, as it has been partially heat-set by steam during intermingling. Sewing threads were made from steam-jet intermingled yarns and assessed using industrial sewing specifications. The sewing threads were also subjected to commercial trials. Sewing test results show that steam-jet intermingled sewing thread meets commercial levels of performance. Preliminary investigations revealed that high-pressure water could also be used in intermingling as a replacement of air or steam. It was found that lower core-yarn overfeeds, such as 2.9 %, can be used and therefore higher strength of intermingled yarn could be achieved. Turbulence in water was improved by designing a jet so as to suck air by water through a capillary from the outside atmosphere.
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Hedges, Collin R. « Computational fluid dynamic model of steam ingestion into a transonic compressor ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Jun/09Jun%5FHedges.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engiineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Gannon, Anthony J. "June 2009." Author(s) subject terms: Computational Fluid Dynamics, Transonic, Compressor, Steam Ingestion, Sanger Rotor. Description based on title screen as viewed on July 10, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61). Also available in print.
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Meyer, Adriaan Jacobus. « Steam jet ejector cooling powered by low grade waste or solar heat ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2012.

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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
A small scale steam jet ejector experimental setup was designed and manufactured. This ejector setup is of an open loop configuration and the boiler can operate in the temperature range of Tb = 85 °C to 140 °C. The typical evaporator liquid temperatures range from Te = 5 °C t o 10 °C while the typical water cooled condenser presure ranges from Pc = 1 . 70 kPa t o 5. 63 kPa (Tc = 15 °C to 35 °C). The boiler is powered by by two 4kW electric elements, while a 3kW electric element simulates the cooling load in the evaporator. The electric elements are controlled by means of variacs. The function ...
Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies
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Anand, G. « Phenomenological and mathematical modeling of a high pressure steam driven jet injector / ». The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487842372897594.

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Caeiro, Jorge Alberto Jasnau. « A lithium bromide-water absorption refrigeration system combined with steam jet thermal ice storage ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405384.

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Mora-Perez, José-Luis. « Modélisation de l'énergie thermique véhiculée par des jets vapeur d'eau-sodium liquide ». Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2329.

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La distribution des temperatures dans les jets vapeurs d'eau-sodium liquide, qui peuvent se produire au cours de fuites dans les generateurs de vapeur des centrales a neutrons rapides, est etudiee dans l'installation experimentale jonas. Deux modelisations des resultats sont presentees: l'une utilise des expressions parametriques semi-empiriques, l'autre est phenomenologique et est base sur les bilans de quantite de mouvement, de masse et d'energie, accompagnes d'un certain nombre d'hypotheses simplificatrices
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Smith, Bradley Joseph. « Steam-Assisted Catalysis of n-Dodecane as a Jet Fuel Analogue in a Flow Reactor System for Hypersonic Thermal Management ». University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1577978953025703.

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Roger, Francis. « Contribution à la théorie des jets gaz-liquide : application à la modélisation de phénomènes d'érosion-corrosion ». Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2004.

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Thakre, Sachin. « On Fuel Coolant Interactions and Debris Coolability in Light Water Reactors ». Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kärnkraftssäkerhet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-166261.

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During the case of a hypothetical severe accident in a light water reactor, core damage may occur and molten fuel may interact with water resulting in explosive interactions. A Fuel-Coolant Interactions (FCI) consists of many complex phenomena whose characteristics determine the energetics of the interactions. The fuel melt initially undergoes fragmentation after contact with the coolant which subsequently increases the melt surface area exposed to coolant and causes rapid heat transfer. A substantial amount of research has been done to understand the phenomenology of FCI, still there are gaps to be filled in terms of the uncertainties in describing the processes such as breakup/fragmentation of melt and droplets. The objective of the present work is to substantiate the understanding in the premixing phase of the FCI process by studying the deformation/pre-fragmentation of melt droplets and also the mechanism of melt jet breakup. The focus of the work is to study the effect of various influential parameters during the premixing phase that determine the intensity of the energetics in terms of steam explosion. The study is based on numerical analysis starting from smaller scale and going to the large scale FCI. Efforts are also taken to evaluate the uncertainties in estimating the steam explosion loads on the reactor scale. The fragmented core is expected to form a porous debris bed. A part of the present work also deals with experimental investigations on the coolability of prototypical debris bed. Initially, the phenomenology of FCI and debris bed coolability is introduced. A review of the state of the art based on previous experimental and theoretical developments is also presented. The study starts with numerical investigation of molten droplet hydrodynamics in a water pool, carried out using the Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method in the CFD code ANSYS FLUENT. This fundamental study is related to single droplets in a preconditioning phase, i.e. deformation/pre-fragmentation prior to steam explosion. The droplet deformation is studied extensively also including the effect of the pressure pulse on its deformation behavior. The effect of material physical properties such as density, surface tension and viscosity are investigated. The work is then extended to 3D analysis as a part of high fidelity simulations, in order to overcome the possible limitations of 2D simulations. The investigation on FCI processes is then continued to the analysis on melt jet fragmentation in a water pool, since this is the crucial phenomenon which creates the melt-coolant pre-mixture, an initial condition for steam explosion. The calculations are carried out assuming non-boiling conditions and the properties of Wood’s metal. The jet fragmentation and breakup pattern are carefully observed at various Weber numbers. Moreover, the effect of physical and material properties such as diameter, velocity, density, surface tension and viscosity on jet breakup length, are investigated. After the fundamental studies, the work was extended to reactor scale FCI energetics. It is mainly oriented on the evaluation of uncertainties in estimating the explosion impact loads on the surrounding structures. The uncertainties include the influential parameters in the FCI process and also the code uncertainties in calculations. The FCI code MC3D is used for the simulations and the PIE (propagation of input errors) method is used for the uncertainty analysis. The last part of the work is about experimental investigations of debris coolability carried out using the POMECO-HT facility at KTH. The focus is on the determination of the effect of the bed’s prototypical characteristics on its coolability, in terms of inhomogeneity with heap like (triangular shape) bed and the radial stratified bed, and also the effect of its multi-dimensionality. For this purpose, four particle beds were constructed: two homogeneous, one with radial stratification and one with triangular shape, respectively. The effectiveness of coolability-enhanced measures such as bottom injection of water and a downcomer (used for natural circulation driven coolability, NCDC) was also investigated. The final chapter includes the summary of the whole work.
Under ett svårt haveri i en kärnkraftsreaktor kan en härdsmälta bildas och smältan växelverka på ett explosivt sätt med kylvattnet. En sådan FCI (Fuel-Coolant-Interaction) inbegriper flera fysikaliska processer vilkas förlopp bestämmer hur stor den frigjorda energin blir. Vid kontakt med vattnet fragmenteras först härdsmältan vilket i sin tur leder till att en större yta exponeras för kylvattnet och att värmeöverföringen från smältan snabbt ökar. Mycket forskning har ägnats åt att förstå vad som sker under en FCI men det finns fortfarande luckor att fylla vad beträffar t ex osäkerheter i beskrivningen av fragmentering av såväl smälta som enskilda droppar av smält material. Syftet med detta arbete är främst att underbygga en bättre förståelse av den inledande delen av en FCI genom att studera dels hur enskilda droppar av smält material deformeras och splittras och dels hur en stråle av smält material fragmenteras. Vi studerar särskilt vilka parametrar som mest påverkar den energi som frigörs vid ångexplosionen. Problemet studeras med numerisk analys med början i liten skala och sedan i full skala. Vi söker också uppskatta de laster som explosionen utsätter reaktorns komponenter för. En annan viktig fråga gäller kylbarheten hos den slaggansamling som bildas under reaktorhärden efter en FCI. Slagghögen förväntas ha en porös struktur och en del av avhandlingen redogör för experimentella försök som genomförts för att utvärdera kylbarheten i olika prototypiska slaggformationer. I avhandlingens inledning beskrivs de fysikaliska processerna under en FCI och kylningen av en slaggansamling. Det aktuella kunskapsläget på dessa områden presenteras också utgående från tidigare experimentella och teoretiska studier. Studierna i avhandlingen inleds med numerisk analys av hydrodynamiken för en enskild droppe smälta i en vattentank där VOF-metoden i CFD-programmet ANSYS FLUENT används. Denna grundläggande studie rör en enskild droppe under förstadiet till fragmentering och ångexplosion då droppen deformeras alltmer. Deformationen studeras ingående också med hänsyn tagen till inverkan av en tryckpuls. Inverkan av olika egenskaper hos materialet, som densitet, ytspänning och viskositet studeras också. Arbetet utvidgas sedan till en beskrivning i 3D för att undvika de begränsningar som finns i en 2D-simulering. Studierna av FCI utvidgas sedan till en analys av fragmentering av en stråle smälta i vatten. Detta är en kritisk del av förloppet då smälta och vatten blandas för att ge utgångstillståndet för ångexplosionen. Beräkningarna genomförs under antagande att kokning inte sker och med materialegenskaper som för Wood´s metall. Mönstret för fragmentering och uppsplittring studeras ingående för olika Weber-tal. Dessutom studeras effekten på strålens uppsplittringslängd av parametrar som diameter och hastighet för strålen samt densitet, ytspänning och viskositet hos materialet. Efter dessa grundläggande studier utvidgas arbetet till FCI-energier i reaktorskala. Här ligger tonvikten på utvärdering av osäkerheter i bestämningen av den inverkan explosionen har på omgivande konstruktioner och komponenter. Osäkerheterna inkluderar eventuell bristande noggrannhet hos såväl de viktiga parametrarna i FCI-processen som i själva beräkningarna. Den sista delen av arbetet handlar om experimentella undersökningar av slaggformationens kylbarhet som genomförts i uppställningen POMECO-HT vid avdelningen för kärnkraftsäkerhet på KTH. Vi vill bestämma effekten av formationens prototypiska egenskaper på kylbarheten. För detta ändamål konstruerades fyra olika formationer: två homogena, en med radiell variation i partikelstorlek och en med triangulär variation. Vi undersökte också hur förbättrad kylning kan uppnås genom att tillföra kylvatten underifrån respektive via ett fallrör (kylning genom naturlig cirkulation). I det avslutande kapitlet ges en sammanfattning av hela arbetet.

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Foudad, Mohamed. « Impact du changement climatique sur la turbulence en ciel clair pour l'aviation ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES061.

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Dans cette thèse, nous avons exploré l'impact du changement climatique sur la turbulence en ciel clair (CAT), un phénomène affectant la sécurité aérienne et à l'origine de la plupart des accidents dans l'aviation liés aux conditions météorologiques. Des études récentes indiquent une augmentation de la fréquence de la CAT au cours des dernières décennies, tendance qui devrait persister avec le réchauffement climatique. Notre recherche, s'appuyant sur différentes réanalyses atmosphériques et simulations de modèles climatiques, a intégré les incertitudes liées à la variabilité interne et aux modèles pour étudier les changements de la CAT dans un climat passé et futur. Nous avons démontré que les modèles sont adéquats pour caractériser la CAT en haute altitude, bien que certains modèles tendent à sous-estimer la fréquence de la CAT dans l'Atlantique nord. De plus, nous utilisons plusieurs diagnostics de CAT pour évaluer la sensibilité des résultats aux différentes représentations de la turbulence. Nous avons observé une augmentation significative de la fréquence de la CAT, notamment dans l'Atlantique nord, le Pacifique nord, l'est de l'Asie, Moyen-Orient et l'Afrique du Nord. Cela est principalement dû à une forte augmentation du cisaillement vertical du vent dans les courants-jets, qui est lui-même dû à l'accentuation du gradient méridien de température causé par le réchauffement des tropiques et le refroidissement au pôle en haute altitude. L'analyse a révélé que, dans certaines régions de l'hémisphère nord, la variabilité interne du climat est prédominante, tandis que dans d'autres, les changements observés sont principalement dus au réchauffement climatique. Les projections indiquent que la tendance à l'augmentation de la fréquence et de l'intensité de la CAT se poursuivra, surtout dans les régions situées dans la bande de latitudes 20-40° N, s'intensifiant avec le degré de réchauffement global. Des incertitudes persistent néanmoins dans l'Atlantique Nord, liées aux modèles et aux indices de CAT. Nos résultats suggèrent que la CAT risque de devenir plus intense, avec des implications importantes pour la sécurité et les opérations aériennes, ainsi que pour la conception des futurs avions. Nous avons également lié la CAT aux régimes de temps dans l'Atlantique Nord, révélant que la phase positive de la NAO favorise le développement de la CAT en hiver. Nous proposons des trajectoires de vol pour les traversées transatlantiques qui minimisent la consommation de carburant (donc les émissions de CO2) et évitent la CAT, adaptées selon les régimes de temps. Nous avons constaté qu'il est possible de réduire la consommation de carburant tout en évitant la CAT, à l'exception dans les jours du régime NAO. L'optimisation des itinéraires pourrait donc bénéficier à l'industrie de l'aviation et contribuer à minimiser l'impact de l'aviation sur l'environnement
In this thesis, we investigated the impact of climate change on clear-air turbulence (CAT), a phenomenon with important consequences for aviation safety and causes most weather-related aircraft incidents. Recent studies have shown that in response to climate change, CAT could significantly increase. Here, we use several atmospheric reanalyses and coupled model experiments database to incorporate and address the uncertainties related to internal variability and climate models in past and future CAT trends. We conclude that the models are suitable tools to study CAT. Nevertheless, we show that over the North Atlantic region, most models underestimate CAT frequency. Several CAT diagnostics are computed to assess the sensitivity of results to different turbulence representations. We observed a significant increase in CAT frequency in recent decades over several regions in the Northern Hemisphere: North Atlantic, North Pacific, East Asia, Middle East and North Africa. This is mainly due to a large increase in the vertical wind shear related to the subtropical jet strengthening, which is due in turn to the sharpening of the meridional temperature gradient caused by the warming over the tropics and the cooling over high latitudes in upper atmospheric levels. Our results suggest that in some regions of the northern hemisphere, the internal climate variability is large enough to mask the anthropogenic-induced signal, while in others, the changes observed could be potentially attributed to global warming. Multi-model climate projections indicate that the positive trend reported in the past will continue to increase in the future with the global warming level. In general, models project an increase in CAT frequency and intensity within the 20-40°N latitudinal band. In the North Atlantic, large uncertainty remains due to lack of model agreement and differences among the various CAT diagnostics. The projected increases in CAT frequency and intensity shown in this thesis could have a significant impact on aviation operations and safety, as well as on the design of future aircrafts. We have also investigated the connections between CAT and the prevailing weather regimes in the North Atlantic. The analysis indicate that the positive phase of the NAO creates a favorable environment for the development of CAT in the winter season. Trajectories for transatlantic flight routes that minimize fuel consumption (thus CO2 emissions) and avoid CAT are proposed, for each weather regime. We have found that it is possible to reduce fuel consumption while avoiding CAT, with the exception of NAO regime days. Route optimization could therefore benefit the aviation industry and contributing to minimizing aviation's impact on the environment
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Livres sur le sujet "Jet-steam"

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R, Diercks D., Shack W. J, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. Division of Engineering Technology. et Argonne National Laboratory. Energy Technology Division., dir. Analysis of potential for jet-impingement erosion from leaking steam generator tubes during severe accidents. Washington, DC : Division of Engineering Technology, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2002.

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R, Diercks D., Shack W. J, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. Division of Engineering Technology. et Argonne National Laboratory. Energy Technology Division., dir. Analysis of potential for jet-impingement erosion from leaking steam generator tubes during severe accidents. Washington, DC : Division of Engineering Technology, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2002.

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Himelblau, Harry. Steam Jet Ash Conveyors. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Standards for Steam Jet Vacuum Systems. 4e éd. Heat Exchange Inst, 1988.

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5

Power, Robert B. Steam Jet Ejectors for the Process Industries. ASME, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.884829.

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Steam jet ejectors for the process industries. Charleston (WV), USA : Robert B. Power, 2005.

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Steam jet ejectors for the process industries. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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Steam Jet Ejectors for the Process Industries, 2nd ed. author, 2005.

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Ellenwood, F. O. Steam Charts, Also a Table of Theoretical Jet Velocities and the Corrections of Mercury Columns. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Steam Charts, Also a Table of Theoretical Jet Velocities and the Corrections of Mercury Columns. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Jet-steam"

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Grave, Harald. « Steam Jet Vacuum Pumps ». Dans Vacuum Technology in the Chemical Industry, 81–96. Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527653898.ch4.

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Kitamura, Michio, Masayuki Ishikawa, Kenji Sudo, Yuuji Yamaguchi, Tetsuro Ishimura et Keiji Tujita. « Cutting of Steam Turbine Components Using an Abrasive Water Jet ». Dans Jet Cutting Technology, 543–54. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2678-6_36.

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Ueno, Shunkichi, Hua-Tay Lin et Tatsuki Ohji. « Phase Stabilities and Corrosion/Recession Properties of Rare Earth Silicates Under High Speed Steam jet ». Dans Ceramic Transactions Series, 579–88. Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118932995.ch66.

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Anjaiah, D., Raviraj Shetty, R. Pai, M. V. Kini et S. S. Rao. « A Pressured Steam Jet Approach to Tool Wear Minimization in Cutting of Metal Matrix Composites ». Dans Materials Science Forum, 643–46. Stafa : Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-462-6.643.

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Zhang, Chenghu, Yaping Li et Jianli Zhang. « Working Fluid Selection and Thermodynamic Performance of the Steam Jet Large-Temperature-Drop Heat Exchange System ». Dans Environmental Science and Engineering, 145–54. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9524-6_16.

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Zhang, Chenghu, Yaping Li et Jianli Zhang. « A Developed CRMC Design Method and Numerical Modeling for the Ejector Component in the Steam Jet Heat Pumps ». Dans Environmental Science and Engineering, 135–43. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9524-6_15.

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Bailey, John. « Advances in Forms of Transport—Steam Locomotives, Cycle Tyres, Oceanic Liners, and Jet Aircraft. Transport Infrastructure—Canals, Roads, and Commercial Railways ». Dans Inventive Geniuses Who Changed the World, 37–105. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81381-9_4.

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Koizumi, Yasuo. « Study on Heat Transfer Mechanism of Steam Condensation on Water Jet in Steam Injector ». Dans Advances in Boiling and Condensation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112415.

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In this chapter, the heat transfer characteristics in the steam injector that has been proposed to introduce into boiling water reactors as a feed water heat exchanger and a safety injection pump are examined. The temperature and the velocity distribution in the injector were measured. The heat transfer rate from the steam flow around the water jet to the water jet was greatly larger than that of the usual turbulent flow in a pipe. High-speed camera pictures revealed the surface of the water jet was very wavy. It was supposed that the wavy motion on the water jet surface created the effective large-internal circulation flow in the water jet, which resulted in the tremendously effective heat transport from the surface into the center portion of the water jet. From the high-speed camera pictures, the characteristics of waves on the surface; the wave height, the wave velocity, and the wave length were obtained. In addition, the dimensionless numbers were found from the parameters that related to the phenomena in the steam injector. By using these dimensionless numbers, a correlation for the heat transfer from steam flow to the water jet in the steam injector was proposed.
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Power, Robert B. « Full book download ». Dans Steam Jet Ejectors for the Process Industries, 1–500. ASME, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.884829_ch1.

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Fanta, George, et Kenneth Eskins. « Starch-Oil Composites Prepared by Steam Jet Cooking ». Dans Paradigm for Successful Utilization of Renewable Resources, 266–86. AOCS Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439832035.ch20.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Jet-steam"

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Kouremenos, D. A., E. D. Rogdakis et G. K. Alexis. « Optimization of Enhanced Steam-Ejector Applied to Steam Jet Refrigeration ». Dans ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0821.

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Abstract Ejectors are used for a wide range of applications. Refrigeration systems have, a long established history. Ejector refrigerators working on steam or halocarbon refrigerants provide a high level of flexibility. Ejector can also be used in solar-powered refrigeration systems and absorption-refrigeration systems. There are very few comprehensive theoretical studies even though several models for ejectors in literature. A new ejector theory was developed by Munday and Bagster (1977). This theory depends on the assumption of two discrete streams, the motive stream and the secondary stream. The two streams maintain their identity down the converging duct of the diffuser. At some section the secondary flow reaches sonic velocity. The shocking and mixing occur at the very end of the converging cone resulting in a transient supersonic mixed stream. There is no supersonic deceleration and a shock takes place immediately on mixing. The mixed stream will shock to the subsonic, found by the intersection of the Fanno and Rayleigh lines. After that the stream is brought to near zero velocity in the diffuser. In the present work this theory is used as a basis, in order to develop a computerized model of ejector with particular reference to steam-ejector at various operating conditions. The results are compared with available from the literature experimental data. Also a parametric study is conducted in order to reveal the influence of the various parameters on the performance of the steam jet refrigeration.
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Todman, Mike, et Alex Wallis. « Jet Age Steam Power For Marine Propulsion ». Dans Ship Design and Operation for Environmental Sustainability. RINA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.es.2002.16.

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Nadig, Ranga. « Evacuation Systems for Steam Surface Condensers : Vacuum Pumps or Steam Jet Air Ejectors ? » Dans ASME 2016 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2016-59067.

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In a steam power plant, steam from the steam turbine is condensed in a water cooled or air cooled condenser that operates under vacuum. The condensing capacity of the condenser is impaired by the presence of air. Air leaks into the condenser from flanged connections, turbine seals, valves and other equipment connected to the condenser. The air tends to collect in the condenser and impact its condensing capability. This trapped air has to be continuously evacuated to preserve the condensing capacity of the condenser. The air can be evacuated from the condenser using the steam jet air ejector system or the vacuum pump system. The vacuum pump is driven by an electrical motor. The steam jet air ejector is driven by motive steam. In certain low suction pressure applications, a hybrid system consisting of a steam jet air ejector and vacuum pump or a three stage ejector system is used for evacuating the air from the condenser. The evacuation packages perform two distinct services namely hogging and holding. During startup, or hogging operation, the evacuation system removes air from the steam space of the condenser and steam turbine. The pressure in the steam space is reduced from atmospheric pressure to typically 10.0” HgA or a pressure specified by the steam turbine supplier in about 30 minutes. During normal or “holding operation” with the steam turbine in service, the evacuation system removes a specified amount of air from the condenser. The suitability of vacuum pump or steam jet air ejector systems for a given application depends on the availability of motive steam during startup, the costs associated with the usage of steam or electricity and the preferences of the end user. Each system has its advantages and disadvantages. In each case, there are numerous design details that must be addressed to ensure that the selected system meets the evacuation needs for the condenser. This paper examines the various configurations of evacuation systems and discusses their suitability for the wide ranging operating scenarios in the condenser. A broad background on the design and operation of the evacuation system is included to assist the end user in making the proper selection of the evacuation system.
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Hong, S. J., B. K. Lim, Seok Cho, S. Y. Chun et G. C. Park. « Dynamic characteristics of horizontal submerged steam jet condensation ». Dans International Heat Transfer Conference 12. Connecticut : Begellhouse, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc12.540.

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Sunder Raj, Komandur S. « Steam Jet Air Ejector Performance Evaluation for Nuclear Plants ». Dans International Joint Power Generation Conference collocated with TurboExpo 2003. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2003-40003.

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Improper design, operation and maintenance of the steam jet air ejector (SJAE) system result in elevated condenser pressures with attendant loss in plant capacity. Conversely, problems associated with the condenser and circulating water system may be incorrectly attributed to the SJAE system. This paper provides an overview of SJAE systems for nuclear plants. It discusses sizing of venting equipment, examines the interface of the SJAE system with the condenser, explores performance issues encountered with the SJAE system and shows how to evaluate its performance. The Heat Exchange Institute Standards for Surface Condensers and Steam Jet Vacuum Systems are also discussed. The paper provides conclusions and recommendations for troubleshooting and monitoring the performance of the SJAE system and for ensuring optimum performance.
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Ekes, D., Gy Grof et B. Katona. « Designing a steam jet ejector and its measuring equipment ». Dans 2015 5th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iyce.2015.7180750.

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Li, X., J. L. Gaddis et T. Wang. « Mist/Steam Heat Transfer in Confined Slot Jet Impingement ». Dans ASME Turbo Expo 2000 : Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0221.

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Internal mist/steam blade cooling technology has been considered for the future generation of Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS). Fine water droplets about 5 μm were carried by steam through a single slot jet onto a heated target surface in a confined channel. Experiments covered Reynolds numbers from 7500 to 25000 and heat fluxes from 3 to 21 kW/m2. The experimental results indicate that the cooling is enhanced significantly near the stagnation point by the mist, decreasing to a negligible level at a distance of 6 jet widths from the stagnation region. Up to 200% heat transfer enhancement at the stagnation point was achieved by injecting only ∼1.5% of mist. The investigation has focused on the effects of wall temperature, mist concentration, and Reynolds number.
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Yoshiki, Hitoshi, Kotaro Tadano et Kenji Kawashima. « Surgical Aspirator with Steam-Jet Coagulator for Hepatic Surgery ». Dans The 3rd World Congress on Electrical Engineering and Computer Systems and Science. Avestia Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icbes17.123.

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Leishear, Robert A., William M. Bennett et Jackie Cooper. « Design and Application of Low Flow Steam Siphon Jet Pumps ». Dans ASME 2016 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2016-59748.

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Low flow steam siphon jet pumps are referred to as rate jets, since these pumps have the ability to control flow rates by varying the steam pressure applied to the jet. The jet pump design consists of several components. Steam inlet piping is connected to a steam nozzle that directs steam into the jet body to provide energy to lift a liquid, or feed. Feed is lifted up through the suction lift piping, where the condensing steam forces the liquid into a diffuser and out of the jet discharge piping. Closed form equations cannot model these jets, and commercial computer models to describe jet performance are still in a state of development. In general, experimental data is required to determine the performance characteristics of this type of jet design. Numerous tests were performed on different jet designs to evaluate the effects of motive steam pressures, suction lift, discharge head, jet dimensions, and the specific gravity of the fluid that is lifted and pumped by the jet. Additionally, the system installation significantly affects the performance of siphon jets, and one such installation was studied.
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Miwa, Shuichiro, Takahiro Moribe, Nozomu Akiyama et Hiroto Sakashita. « Effect of the Jet Stability on Supersonic Steam Injector Operation ». Dans 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82585.

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In order to maintain the reactor core integrity in case of severe accidents, multi-layered installation of backup safety systems with the passive feature is crucial, as was evident from the Fukushima Daiichi accident. The supersonic steam injector (SI), also known as a passive jet pump driven by high-pressure steam and water, is capable of operating without external power supplies nor rotating machinery. Along with the Reactor Core Isolation Cooling (RCIC) system, the SI can possibly be considered as one of the candidates as a backup safety system for current and next-generation reactors. Although the fundamental experiments on SI have been carried out for past few decades, its operation characteristics are still not well understood. Especially, its stable operation condition as a passive jet pump hasn’t been investigated thoroughly. Our study shows that the SI’s operating range is highly dependent on inlet water flow rate and steam pressure. In addition, due to the direct contact condensation between steam and water jet within SI unit, the water jet stability may influence SI’s operation. In order to deepen understanding of SI’s operation characteristics, this study aims to investigate on the inlet water temperature effect, which has a direct influence on steam-water condensation as well as the water jet stability within the mixing nozzle section of SI unit.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Jet-steam"

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Stoy, M. A. Steam Transfer Jet Studies with Simulated Sludge Slurries. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/786664.

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Lewis, B. E., et H. J. Marquess. Evaluation of a commercially available low-flow steam jet. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), août 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5350397.

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G., Anand. Phenomenological and mathematical modeling of a high pressure steam driven jet injector. Part 2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/80758.

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Majumdar, S., D. R. Diercks et W. J. Shack. Analysis of potential for jet-impingement erosion from leaking steam generator tubes during severe accidents. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mai 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/925023.

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Use Steam Jet Ejectors or Thermocompressors to Reduce Venting of Low-Pressure Steam. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15020339.

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Use Steam Jet Ejectors or Thermocompressors to Reduce Venting of Low-Pressure Steam. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/875769.

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