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Articles de revues sur le sujet "IT value. IT impact on activities"
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Choi, Hwansuk, Byeongchan Kim et Sunggu Jo. « The Impact of Professional Sports SNS Related Marketing Activities on the Confidence in Club and the Intention to Watch ». J-Institute 7, no 1 (30 mars 2022) : 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/value.2022.7.1.103.
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Prajogo, Daniel I., Peggy McDermott et Mark Goh. « Impact of value chain activities on quality and innovation ». International Journal of Operations & ; Production Management 28, no 7 (19 juin 2008) : 615–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570810881785.
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Khanal, Kapil. « Impact of value chain activities on value addition in paddy farming in Nepal ». Management Dynamics 23, no 1 (9 mars 2020) : 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v23i1.35518.
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Objective: The objective of this research is to measure the impact of processing activities on value addition in paddy farming in Bagmati zone.
Methods and Materials: For the efficient completion of the research, samples of 400 farmers were taken from four districts of Bagmati Zone: Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Lalitpur and Kavrepalanchowk respectively. Simple random sampling method was used where every element of the study population had equal and non zero chance of being selected as a sample of the study. The research study is completed using a blend of descriptive and causal research design. Quantitative method is used in the research where the questionnaires are close ended with fixed options.
Results and Conclusion: It is found that there was positive significant relationship between the method of farming, storing and hulling on value addition in paddy whereas there was no significant relationship between the harvesting and value addition in paddy.
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Lin, Hsuan-Chu, Chin-Chen Chien et She-Chih Chiu. « The impact of value-relevant accounting rules on innovative activities ». R&D Management 46, no 5 (28 mai 2015) : 872–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/radm.12143.
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Kowalski, Michał J., et Jan K. Kazak. « Value-Based Management for Real Estate Developers’ Activities ». Real Estate Management and Valuation 28, no 4 (1 décembre 2020) : 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/remav-2020-0031.
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AbstractReal estate development investments are characterized by a high value of projects, which in the event of irregularities in their implementation may result in significant losses for the economy. The lack of tools enabling ongoing control of real estate developers may result in disruptions in the operation of business entities on the real estate market, affecting the proper functioning of many stakeholders. The article proposes a method of measuring value for real estate companies. Accounting principles that regulate financial statements specify that they cannot be used directly to measure the value of a developer. The article proposes examples of corrections to financial statements supporting value measurement. When calculating value management measures, (i) adjustments excluding the impact of asset valuations, (ii) adjustments of settlement negative EVA of the investment phase, (iii) adjustments of advance payment of NPV of the project, and (iv) adjustments of excluding the impact of interest on foreign capital should be made. Examples of using these adjustments in a short-term housing project and a long-term commercial project were presented. The impact of the proposed adjustments on the comparison of formal financial statements and value measures for a large developer listed on the WSE was also discussed.
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RubÄŤinskaitÄ—, Rima, et GindrutÄ— KasnauskienÄ—. « THE ROLE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES’ CLUSTERS IN GROSS VALUE ADDED GENERATION IN THE BALTIC STATES ». CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (23 septembre 2017) : 401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.957.
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: Economic globalization affects regional development through different economic value creation chains. The structure of regional economic activities’ groups and size of clusters could also influence the structure and size of gross value added in a particular region. This paper examines the impact of the main labor force indicators on the generated gross value added in diverse economic activities in the Baltic States and the neighbor regions of Finland and Poland in the period of 2000-2013 according to Eurostat data. The research has shown that the structure of economic activities clusters in the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) significantly differs from the neighboring regions of Poland and Finland. We also found that the labour force input has a significant impact on the following economic activities’ clusters in the Baltic States: “Industry (except construction)”, “Wholesale and retail trade, transport, accommodation and food service activities”, “Construction”, “Professional, scientific and technical activities; administrative and support service activities”, “Financial and insurance activities”, “Arts, entertainment and recreation; other service activities; activities of household and extra-territorial organisations and bodies”. The impact of the labor force on generated gross value added differs in diverse economic activities. The authors believe that the results of this study could be useful for policy makers in building more progressive national and regional economic development strategies.
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Wong, Jose Weng Chou, et Ivan Ka Wai Lai. « Evaluating value co-creation activities in exhibitions : An impact-asymmetry analysis ». International Journal of Hospitality Management 72 (juin 2018) : 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.01.011.
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Galanton, Natalia. « Impact of Supply Chain on Increasing Environment Value ». Economica, no 4(118) (janvier 2022) : 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/econ.2021.118.019.
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Most supply chain optimization issues are related to the tendency to minimize the total cost throughout the chain. Taking into account that environmental protection has now become a public concern, an environmentally friendly supply chain is seen as a solution to this problem. The present article aims to study the impact of the supply chain on the environment value growth, and has the following objectives: research of activities at the supply chain level, taking into account the impact of all those targeted to create long-term environmental value, research of motivations and obstacles designing an environmentally friendly supply chain, the link between green supply chain management practices and organizational performance. In conclusion, we present the factors that motivate businesses to engage in supply chains actions with minimal impact on the environment, as well as barriers to their environmental activities.
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Kohnová, Lucia, et Nikola Salajová. « Impact of Industry 4.0 on Companies : Value Chain Model Analysis ». Administrative Sciences 13, no 2 (28 janvier 2023) : 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci13020035.
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Although the concept of Industry 4.0 is newer, more and more companies are responding to this concept and incorporating it into their business models. Industry 4.0 arose as a result of the development of new technologies based on automation, through which technologies can communicate with each other. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of Industry 4.0 on companies from the point of view of the value chain model. The study points out why the model is a suitable tool for evaluating changes. The research consisted of 1164 respondents, while the sample consisted of 591 Czech companies and 573 Slovak companies. We found that 62% of companies carry out activities in the field of robotization and automation to a large extent, and 32% carry out these activities little or not at all. Regarding the impact of Industry 4.0 on individual activities in the value chain, we found that companies expect the greatest impact on technological development (secondary activity) and customer service (primary activity). On the contrary, they least expect the impact of Industry 4.0 in the primary activities of input logistics and operation. From this point of view, we can say that companies perceive the impact of Industry 4.0 on the activities taking place in their value chains. However, it is important to capture these changes, react appropriately to them and remain competitive.
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Susilo, Wilhelmus Hary. « Hybrid Model of Increasing Consumers Activities on Private Universities at Jakarta ». European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no 4 (21 janvier 2017) : 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i4.p7-19.
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The model inquiry for an effect of marketing mix and the best service quality on perception of image and the implacations of consumer activities in private universities. The structural equation modelling techniques was conducted applied in survey research method to analysis from 224 respondents in higher education at Jakarta. The resulted indicated that marketing mix variables positively have influenced but not significant on image and consumer activites. The best service quality variable have positively impact and significant leads on image with standardized reggresion weights value=.706 and P value .001. Furthurmore service quality and image variables were indicated that positively impact and significant on consumer activites, with standardized reggresion weights value= .474 and .393 than P value .001. The research structural equation model have the marjinal fit on hybrid model with χ2 value=802.07, P value=.000, RMSEA=.101, GFI=.794 and CFI=.849.Keywords: Service Quality, Image, Consumer Activities
Thèses sur le sujet "IT value. IT impact on activities"
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Quagrainie, Kwamena Korako. « The impact of post-farmgate value-added activities on western Canadian agriculture ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0009/NQ59657.pdf.
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Eksi, Emrah. « The impact of the market risk of capital regulations on bank activities ». Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7837.
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Banking has a unique role in the well-being of an economy. This role makes banks one of the most heavily regulated and supervised industries. In order to strengthen the soundness and stability of banking systems, regulators require banks to hold adequate capital. While credit risk was the only risk that was covered by the original Basle Accord, with the 1996 amendment, banks have also been required to assign capital for their market risk starting from 1998. In this research, the impact of the market risk capital regulations on bank capital levels and derivative activities is investigated. In addition, this study also evaluates the impact of using different approaches that are allowed to be used while calculating the required market risk capital, as well as the accuracy of VaR models. The implementation of the market risk capital regulations can influence banks either by increasing their capital or by decreasing their trading activities and in particular trading derivative activities. The literature review concerning capital regulations illustrates that in particular the impact of these regulations on bank capital levels and derivative activities is an issue that has not yet been explored. In order to fill this gap, the changes in capital and derivatives usage ratios are modelled by using a partial adjustment framework. The main results of this analysis suggest that the implementation of the market risk capital regulations has a significant and positive impact on the risk-based capital ratios of BHCs. However, the results do not indicate any impact of these regulations on derivative activities. The empirical findings also demonstrate that there is no significant relationship between capital and derivatives. The market risk capital regulations allow the use of either a standardised approach or the VaR methodologies to determine the required capital amounts to cover market risk. In order to evaluate these approaches, firstly differences on bank VaR practices are investigated by employing a documentary analysis. The documentary analysis is conducted to demonstrate the differences in bank VaR practices by comparing the VaR models of 25 international banks. The survey results demonstrate that there, is no industry consensus on the methodology for calculating VaR. This analysis also indicates that the assumptions in estimating VaR models vary considerably among financial institutions. Therefore, it is very difficult for financial market participants to make comparisons across institutions by considering single VaR values. Secondly, the required capital amounts are calculated for two hypothetical foreign exchange portfolios by using both the standardised and three different VaR methodologies, and then these capital amounts are compared. These simulations are conducted to understand to what extent the market risk capital regulations approaches produce different outcomes on the capital levels. The results indicate that the VaR estimates are dependent upon the VaR methodology. Thirdly, three backtesting methodologies are applied to the VaR models. The results indicate that a VaR model that provides accurate estimates for a specific portfolio could fail when the portfolio composition changes. The results of the simulations indicate that the market risk capital regulations do not provide a `level playing field' for banks that are subject to these regulations. In addition, giving an option to banks to determine the VaR methodology could create a moral hazard problem as banks may choose an inaccurate model that provides less required capital amounts.
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Crosbie, John Patrick G. « Value of outdoor education for people with disabilities : an in-depth case study of the Calvert Trust ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9443.
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The United Kingdom has a long history of using outdoor activities as a vehicle for recreation, rehabilitation and education for people with disabilities. However, there has been little empirical research into the value placed on the experiences by those who organise the activities or by the participants. The Calvert Trust was one of the first organisations to specialise in outdoor activities for this population and through their three Centres is currently the largest provider of outdoor education for people with disabilities within the UK. Through four separate but linked research phases covering data collected between 2002 and 2013, the present study investigates the value of Calvert Trust programmes for both organisers and participants. The first phase involved the analysis of an existing data-set of post-course evaluation questionnaires (n=502) completed by visiting leaders of groups of participants (n=2,843) with a variety of disabilities who had attended one of the three Calvert Trust Centres. The activities and factors contributing to the perceived benefits of participation were identified, and visiting leader evaluations were compared with the internal reports on the same courses and participant groups completed by Centre instructors (n=702). There were differences in aims for the visits dependent on the sector of the respondent (education, recreation or rehabilitation) but an increase in confidence and independence were those most frequently reported outcomes across sectors. There was general agreement between visiting leaders and instructors as to the role of challenge, achievement and teamwork in delivering these benefits. The limitations of having respondents from only one Centre were addressed in the second phase of the research. This investigated post-course evaluation questionnaires from all three Centres returned both by visiting leaders (n=397) and participants (n=2,507). Comparisons were made across the Centres and differences were found to exist in the aims and domestic aspects of the provision reported on by the visiting leaders but not in aspects of the activity delivery. The participants, however, showed small but significant differences across the Centres in their reporting of development of communication skills, social skills, self-esteem and independence. A third research phase employed iterative email interviews with representatives from visiting organisations (n=17) and the Calvert Trust (n=17) to relate participant experiences to the aims of both the purchasers and providers. Both sets of informants saw participant recognition of personal ability as a key aim of the visit. Other frequently reported aims were to provide new social opportunities, develop interpersonal skills and increase confidence, but these had different relative weightings across informants. In the fourth phase of the research the direct voices of the participants on the value of their outdoor experiences was accessed through interviews with participants (n=23) and with a ‘significant other’ (n=18). Differences in the reporting of personal experiences were noted between those with physical and intellectual disabilities. A number of those with physical disabilities, and/or their ‘significant others’, considered that the outdoor education experience had made an important difference to the participant’s life that might have a long-lasting impact. Those with intellectual disabilities reported a positive experience that may have given them the confidence to take part in similar events, undertake more exercise or widen their social circle. A post-visit increase in independence was reported by a number of the ‘significant others’ for this latter group. The findings overall suggest that participation in the outdoor education courses at the Calvert Trust was generally a very positive experience, with outcomes valued by purchasers, by participants and by those with close knowledge of them. The principal reported benefits relate to themes of confidence, independence and realisation of personal ability. These are discussed in relation to the specific outdoor education programmes experienced and the impact that these may have on the everyday lives of participants with disabilities.
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Yu, Linnan, et Yanhao Gu. « Impact of critical value chain activities on product performances in process industry : a case study of Korsnäs AB ». Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-9492.
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Problem: What are the most critical activities for process industry? Whether general view of impact of these value chain activities on product performance (quality, cost and innovation) applied to process industry? How do those activities impact to product performances? If they cannot affect product performance, what could be the reason behind it? Purpose: This paper aims to conclude general view of impact of value chain activities on product performances (quality, cost and innovation). Accordingly we would create a conceptual model. And then test whether this model applies for process industry and further more figure out the reason behind through case study. Methodology: In this paper, qualitative research is our approach. We choose single case study as research strategy and conduct three interviews. Documentation and interview data are collected and analyzed to provide theoretical framework and empirical evidence for the whole paper. Result: Based on case study, and previous work, the model concerning impact of major activities for process industry (Marketing sales, Human Resource and Supplier management) on product performances (Quality, Cost and Innovation) is derived. This model contains answers to nine hypotheses assumed in theoretical part, giving reader a new and easy way to understand process industry. Conclusions: Distinguished from other industry, process industry with its own unique characteristics does not lend support to all nine hypotheses. Fundamental analysis proved that some assumptions do not establish for process industry while the others may have more significant relationships. To be specific, there exists strong impact of human resource on product quality and cost, supplier management on product cost and also marketing and sales on product quality. But, to our surprise, the other assumed relationships are not that significant while product innovation has adverse affect on marketing and sales.
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Wilson, Nikki. « Impact of extracurricular activities on students ». Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009wilsonn.pdf.
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Tasic, Ivan. « Impact of retailer's promotional activities on customer traffic ». Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5880.
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The usual theoretical assumption that the retailer's promotional activities serve the
purpose of attracting customers into stores lacks empirical verification. The relationship
between promotional activity and customer count is examined empirically in just a few
studies, and no significantly positive association is found. This dissertation is a
comprehensive empirical study of a unique time series cross section dataset, which
contains scanner data representing 28 product categories in a large supermarket chain
over two and a half year long period. The main result of this dissertation is that retailer's
promotional activities are positively related to customer count. Two constructed
measures of the promotional activity have a positive significant effect on store traffic
that is comparable with the customer count effect of an average holiday. Some 55
percent of the positive long-run promotional activity effect is felt immediately, and the
remaining 45 percent is spread over a five week long period. The promotions have
prolonged effects that last until the next promotional peak -ÃÂÃÂ the next holiday. It is also
found that promotional discounts have positive and significant effect on store profit.
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Lao, Son Kai John. « A study of the business value of IT general control activities ». Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2147583.
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Kramer, Christoper. « Foreign subsidiaries in Brazil : location determinants for high value-added activities ». Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2015. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/593736/.
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This thesis explores the location determinants for high value-added activities (HVAAs) carried out by foreign-owned subsidiaries in Brazil. It adopts an extended version of Dunning's (2000) envelope paradigm to integrate different location factors, extracted from a wide range of location theories and frameworks that have been identified in the field of international business. The thesis is original in its conceptualisation of the degree of value added in separate activity sets in terms of complexity, which is widely recognised as a barrier to imitation of unique and valuable activities in strategic management literature. This thesis studies four activity sets (R&D, manufacturing, supply, and marketing) and analyses different facets of the host-country environment. By adopting such a disaggregate stance it accounts for the fact that different activity sets are attracted to different location factors. Based on a large-scale telephone survey, a bespoke database of foreign-owned subsidiaries in Brazil was created. This unique database holds the most complete and up-to-date data of foreign subsidiaries in this emerging market. Such an approach minimises some limitations of prior research, such as home country bias. Likewise, in using Brazil as analytical setting, this study also extends the geographical reach of the subsidiary roles research to an emerging economy context. The results indicate that the local environment of the foreign subsidiary has a rather limited effect on the degree of value added within its activity sets, pointing towards less advanced location advantages in emerging markets for HVAAs of foreign subsidiaries if compared to developed countries. Yet, location factors seem to be relevant for the extent of activity sets. In general, this thesis confirms the view that different activities are drawn towards different aspects of the host environment. As regards policy implications, only very limited means are available to a host location to influence the likelihood of HVAAs at foreign subsidiaries through adjusting the profile of the local environment. Overall, policy makers need to be clear on which activity sets they intend to target, as the impact of location factors varies by activity set. Headquarters managers may be well advised to locate HVAAs in developed countries, which are more likely to offer those location factors that matter the most. Subsidiary managers may want to focus on internal sources of knowledge to unfold the potential of their unit.
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Hoshi, Larsson Martin. « The role of context, activities, and organization, in Value-Based Procurement ». Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-150959.
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This thesis explores the adoption of a Value-Based Procurement Strategy. A procurement strategy is value-based when it facilitates procurement to develop attractive value propositions for both suppliers and internal stakeholders. The procurement function, including its activities and organization, and the collaboration with suppliers, are shaped to achieve this goal. SAAB, a Swedish military fighter airplane manufacturer, has been driven to adopt such a strategy by its surrounding context and market position, which demand that SAAB find new ways to attract key suppliers. SAAB responded to this demand by offering suppliers alternative benefits in terms of, for example, knowledge, intelligence, standardization, co-marketing, and prioritization. SAAB offers the empirical opportunity taken by this thesis to explore Value-Based Procurement. A theoretical framework built on literature on procurement in terms of procurement context, procurement activities, and procurement organization informs this study. The framework also encompasses literature on value and value propositions. A value perspective describes well both how SAAB’s procurement function has been shaped, and the work that the procurement department does. Nearly thirty hours of interviews with people of different roles within the procurement organization of SAAB and a workshop involving multiple key informants form the empirical base for this explorative, qualitative, single-case study. A thick empirical description of SAAB’s Strategic Sourcing department and its work allows the reader to assess generalizability. The analysis building thereon results in nineteen propositions for how the adoption of a Value- Based Procurement Strategy has implications for procurement activities and organization. This study contributes in several ways to research. It recounts an in-depth revelatory case of the adoption of a Value-Based Procurement Strategy and a customer taking a leading role in developing value propositions for suppliers and itself, thus providing insight into an unexplored area. The procurement context encourages the adoption of a Value-Based Procurement Strategy and plays a role in determining what is valuable to suppliers. The procurement activities and procurement organization play enabling roles in successfully implementing Value-Based Procurement, and act as drivers of value proposed to suppliers. Value propositions are tools for developing procurement strategy and for execution thereof through procurement. This thesis also deepens the understanding of value by promoting a parallel view of co-developed customer and supplier value. Finally, it contributes to procurement literature by showing that the buying side has value propositions to make. This thesis contributes to managers by illustrating how a Value- Based Procurement Strategy can be adopted, and possible reasons why it should. It also proposes “value actions” as possible Value-Based Procurement Strategy improvement efforts.Denna avhandling utforskar införandet av en Värdebaserad inköpsstrategi. En inköpsstrategi är värdebaserad när den underlättar för inköp att utveckla attraktiva värdeerbjudanden till både leverantörer och interna intressenter. Inköpsfunktionen och dess aktiviteter och organisation, och samarbetet med leverantörerna, formas för att uppnå detta mål. SAAB, en svensk tillverkare av militära stridsflygplan, har drivits till att införa en sådan strategi av dess omgivande kontext och marknadsposition, vilka kräver att SAAB hittar nya sätt att attrahera nyckelleverantörer. SAABs svar är att erbjuda sina leverantörer alternativa fördelar som till exempel kunskap, upplysningar, standardisering, sammarknadsföring, och prioritet. SAAB erbjuder den empiriska möjligheten som denna avhandling tar tillvara på då den utforskar Värdebaserat inköp. Denna studie lutar sig mot ett teoretiskt ramverk som bygger på litteratur om inköpets kontext, inköpsaktiviteter, och inköpsorganisation. Ramverket bygger också på litteratur om värde och värdeerbjudanden. Värdeperspektivet beskriver väl både hur SAABs inköpsfunktion har formats och det arbete som inköpsavdelningen gör. Denna utforskande fallstudie använder en kvalitativ metod och baseras på närmare trettio timmar intervjuer med människor med olika roller inom SAABs inköpsorganisation och en workshop som involverade ett flertal nyckelinformanter. En utförlig beskrivning av SAABs avdelning Strategic sourcing och dess arbete möjliggör för läsaren att bedöma generaliserbarheten. Analysen resulterar i nitton propositioner för hur införandet av en Värdebaserad inköpsstrategi har implikationer på inköpets aktiviteter och organisation. Denna studie har flera bidrag forskningen. Studien återger en djupgående och avslöjande fallstudie av införandet av en Värdebaserad inköpsstrategi och en kund som tar en ledande roll i utvecklingen av värdeerbjudanden för leverantörer och sig själv, och därmed bidrar den med insikt i ett outforskat område. Inköpets kontext befrämjar införandet av en Värdebaserad inköpsstrategi och spelar en viktig roll i avgörandet av vad som är värdefullt för leverantörer. Inköpsaktiviteter och inköpsorganisation spelar möjliggörande roller i ett framgångsrikt införande av Värdebaserat inköp, och driver upp det erbjudna värdet till leverantörer. Värdeerbjudanden är verktyg för att utveckla inköpsstrategi och för att exekvera på sådan strategi i inköps arbete. Denna avhandling fördjupar också förståelsen för värde genom att förespråka en parallell syn på samutvecklat värde för kund och leverantör. Slutligen bidrar den till inköpsliteraturen genom att visa att den köpande sidan också kan erbjuda värde. Denna avhandling bidrar till företagsledare genom att illustrera hur en Värdebaserad inköpsstrategi kan införas och möjliga anledningar till varför den borde införas. Den föreslår också ”value actions” som möjliga satsningar på att förbättra Värdebaserad inköpsstrategi.
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Bögels, Machteld. « Digital Waste : ELIMINATING NON-VALUE ADDING ACTIVITIES THROUGH DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT ». Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263903.
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In an era where the network of interconnected devices is rapidly expanding, it is difficult for organizations to adapt to the increasingly data-rich and dynamic environment while remaining competitive. Employees experience that much of their time and resources is spent daily on repetitive, inefficient and mundane tasks. Whereas lean manufacturing has manifested itself as a well-known optimization concept, lean information management and the removal of waste is not yet being used to its full potential as its direct value is less visible. A case study was conducted to define which types of non-value adding activities can be identified within information flows and to determine whether decentralized application development can eliminate this digital waste. An internal information flow was modelled, analyzed and optimized by developing customized applications on the Microsoft Power Platform. Based on literature from the field of manufacturing and software development, a framework was developed to categorize digital waste as well as higher order root causes in terms of business strategy and IT infrastructure. While decentralized app development provides the ability to significantly reduce operational digital waste in a simplified manner, it can also enable unnecessary expansion of a common data model and requires application lifecycle management efforts as well as edge security to ensure data compliance and governance. Although limited to one case study, the suggested framework could give insights to organizations that aim to optimize internal workflows by identifying and eliminating digital waste and its root causes.I en tid där nätverk av sammankopplade enheter expanderar snabbt, är det svårt för organisationer att anpassa sig till den allt mer datoriserade och dynamiska miljön och samtidigt förbli konkurrenskraftiga. Anställda upplever att mycket av deras tid och resurser spenderas på repetitiva, ineffektiva och vardagliga uppgifter. Lean manufacturing har visat sig vara ett välkänt optimeringskoncept, dock har informationshantering och avlägsnande av slöseri inte ännu nått sin fulla potential eftersom dess direkta värde är svårare att se och räkna. En fallstudie genomfördes för att definiera vilka typer av icke-värdeskapande aktiviteter som kan identifieras inom informationsflöden och för att avgöra om decentraliserad applikationsutveckling kan eliminera detta digitala slöseri. Ett internt informationsflöde modellerades, analyserades och optimerades genom att utveckla anpassade applikationer på Microsoft Power Platform. Baserat på litteratur från tillverknings- och mjukvaruutvecklingsområdet utvecklades en ram för att kategorisera digitalt slöseri samt högre grundorsaker när det gäller affärsstrategi och ITinfrastruktur. Medan decentraliserad apputveckling ger möjlighet att avsevärt minska det operativa digitala slöseriet på ett förenklat sätt, så kan det också möjliggöra onödig expansion av en gemensam datamodell och kräver hantering av livscykelanalyser samt kantsäkerhet för att säkerställa datahantering och styrning. Trots begränsad till en fallstudie, så kan det föreslagna ramverket ge insikter till organisationer som syftar till att optimera interna arbetsflöden genom att identifiera och eliminera digitalt slöseri och dess grundläggande orsaker.
Livres sur le sujet "IT value. IT impact on activities"
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Giertz, J. Fred. Impact of business climate factors on value-added activities in Illinois agriculture : A first analysis. [Urbana, Ill.] : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station, 1990.
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Giertz, J. Fred. Impact of business climate factors on value-added activities in Illinois agriculture : A first analysis. [Urbana] : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station, 1990.
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Duyunov, Vladimir. Goal-setting of criminal law impact as a special activity of the state. ru : Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02082-1.
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The monograph continues the study of the phenomenon of criminal law as a purposeful special state activity carried out in the order of the state's reaction to criminal behavior and crime. Proceeding from the key value of goal-setting and the goals of activities in the field of combating crime, the author attempted an in-depth study of this problem through the prism of the goals of the state policy of combating crime, the goals of criminal law impact, an analysis of the debatable problem of punishment and the problem of goal-setting in the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation.
The monograph is intended for students, graduate students, researchers, teachers of law schools, law enforcement officials and all persons interested in the problems of criminal law.
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National Institute on Drug Abuse, dir. EAPs : Value and impact. [Rockville, Md.?] : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1987.
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1943-, Mitchener Donald G., dir. GST impact : The final countdown. Don Mills : Richard De Boo Publishers, 1990.
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Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Environment Committee. The environmental impact of leisure activities. London : HMSO, 1995.
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(Organization), Research Information Network. E-journals : Their use, value and impact. London : Research Information Network, 2009.
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C, Lease Ronald, dir. Dividend policy : Its impact on firm value. Boston, Mass : Harvard Business School Press, 2000.
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David, Raitt, Battrick B. 1946-, International Academy of Astronautics et European Space Agency, dir. The impact of space activities upon society. Noordwijk : ESA Publications, 2005.
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A, Couch Kenneth, Connecticut. Labor Dept. Office of Research., United States. Employment and Training Administration. et Connecticut Center for Economic Analysis., dir. An impact evaluation of workforce development activities. Wethersfield, CT : Connecticut Dept. of Labor, 2005.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "IT value. IT impact on activities"
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Uusitalo, Hanna. « KONE’s Corporate Environmental Activities and Solutions that Contribute to Creating a Positive Impact on the Environment ». Dans Design for Innovative Value Towards a Sustainable Society, 4–8. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3010-6_2.
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de-Miguel-Molina, Blanca, Rafael Boix-Doménech et Pau Rausell-Köster. « The Impact of the Music Industry in Europe and the Business Models Involved in Its Value Chain ». Dans Music as Intangible Cultural Heritage, 9–25. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76882-9_2.
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AbstractThis chapter analyses the impact of the music industry in Europe. Although the direct and indirect impact of this industry in the European economy is significant, the sector is made up of different activities and companies, which compete and encounter diverse challenges in it. The current situation of these companies and organisations is presented through an analysis of the business models of several enterprises engaging in a variety of activities throughout the industry’s value chain, such as music production, publishing, distribution and exhibition. Moreover, we analyse digital transformation and the growth in rivalry detected in these activities.
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Hanson, Jean, Rainer Schultze-Kraft, Michael Peters, Peter Wenzl, Ahmed Amri, Ali Shehadeh et Mariana Yazbek. « Forage diversity, conservation and use. » Dans The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute, 423–49. Wallingford : CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0423.
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Abstract This chapter outlines the scientific and development impacts of forage diversity conservation, characterization and distribution work under the international network of forage collections in CGIAR. The focus for the future will continue to be on the core operations that are essential to conserve and manage the diversity with increased emphasis on those that will ensure efficiency and value for money in gene bank operations. In addition to these essential activities, there are opportunities to be more forward and outward looking and to link with activities in the Livestock CRP and the Excellence in Breeding Platform, as well as to contribute to the global system of plant genetic resources, support the FAO Global Plan of Action and contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals.
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Enalpe, Marvin. « Corporate Social Responsibility Activities and Impact on Firm Value : The Case of the Technology Company Group ». Dans Sustainable Finance in the Green Economy, 19–46. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81663-6_2.
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Lázaro, Oscar, Jesús Alonso, Paulo Figueiras, Ruben Costa, Diogo Graça, Gisela Garcia, Alessandro Canepa et al. « Big Data-Driven Industry 4.0 Service Engineering Large-Scale Trials : The Boost 4.0 Experience ». Dans Technologies and Applications for Big Data Value, 373–97. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78307-5_17.
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AbstractIn the last few years, the potential impact of big data on the manufacturing industry has received enormous attention. This chapter details two large-scale trials that have been implemented in the context of the lighthouse project Boost 4.0. The chapter introduces the Boost 4.0 Reference Model, which adapts the more generic BDVA big data reference architectures to the needs of Industry 4.0. The Boost 4.0 reference model includes a reference architecture for the design and implementation of advanced big data pipelines and the digital factory service development reference architecture. The engineering and management of business network track and trace processes in high-end textile supply are explored with a focus on the assurance of Preferential Certification of Origin (PCO). Finally, the main findings from these two large-scale piloting activities in the area of service engineering are discussed.
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Mathieu, Charlotte. « Socio-Economic Impact Assessments of ESA Programmes : A Brief Overview ». Dans The Economics of Big Science, 53–59. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52391-6_8.
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Abstract The European Space Agency (ESA) is an intergovernmental organisation established in the seventies with today 22 Member States. Its purpose is to promote cooperation between Member States, in space research and technology as well as in space applications. ESA’s Member States wish to ensure maximum benefits to the economy and society from their investments in space activities. The Agency, as any other modern public administration, has a responsibility to ensure the creation of value for society, in an end-to-end perspective (i.e. from technology research to service development). The paper briefly summarizes the outcome of ESA’s previous socio-economic impact assessment studies of its programmes and provides useful references.
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Hansell, Friederike. « Mineral Extractive Industries in the Context of European World Heritage Cultural Landscape Conservation and Management : The Case Study of the Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region ». Dans 50 Years World Heritage Convention : Shared Responsibility – Conflict & ; Reconciliation, 321–33. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05660-4_25.
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AbstractCurrent prospection activities lead not only to the opening of new mines but also to a revival of activity in historic mining areas that are partly in or close to protected areas. Consequently, the issue of mining and its potential negative impact on protected areas, including natural World Heritage sites in particular, has increased over the past two decades. Considering that attributes and values assigned to natural World Heritage sites differ from those assigned to cultural World Heritage sites, the paper focuses on the evaluation of the potential impact of mining activities on cultural World Heritage sites and outlines management and conservation strategies as well as recommendations for the assessment of potential negative and positive impacts of mining activities on the OUV.
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Batker, David, et Tania Briceno. « The Impact of Oil and Gas Activities on the Value of Ecosystem Goods and Services of the Mississippi River Delta ». Dans Lecture Notes in Energy, 155–91. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94526-8_7.
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Bravo, Jorge Miguel. « IDD and Distribution Risk Management ». Dans AIDA Europe Research Series on Insurance Law and Regulation, 349–69. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52738-9_14.
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AbstractDistribution is a key aspect of insurers’ business models. Insurance companies use multi-channel and multi touch-point distribution methods to target their customers. Insurers must manage the distribution risk arising from actions of the distribution channel, which have the potential to impact the quality and volume of the insured portfolio, the insurer’s income-generating capacity, long-term financial sustainability and brand value. In this chapter we discuss the implications of the introduction of the Insurance Distribution Directive (IDD) on distribution risk management and on firm’s entire value chain. The expected impact of IDD main provisions (demands and needs analysis, suitability and appropriateness requirements, remuneration and incentive mechanisms, conflicts of interest dispositions, cross-selling, POG, information to customers, CPD) on product development, sales and distribution, underwriting and policy administration, claims, asset and customer management activities are analysed, considering the influence of digitalization on insurance distribution and value chain.
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Mogos, Maria Flavia, et Giuseppe Fragapane. « Ways to Circular and Transparent Value Chains ». Dans IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 390–98. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16411-8_45.
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AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to increase the knowledge about the implementation of circularity and other sustainability approaches in value chains. The objective is to develop roadmaps for the implementation of digital Circular manufacturing (CMA) and Social-life cycle (S-LCA) assessments in Textile and Clothing (TC) value chains. Implementing these digital assessments in TC value chains can increase their transparency, by validating that product manufacturing safeguards worker wellbeing and the environment. TC is one of the sectors with most critical social and environmental impacts. The roadmaps were developed through a Design Science methodology, combining: i) case studies to understand the practical problem, ii) literature study on CMA and S-LCA to develop the roadmaps, and iii) action research to iteratively apply the roadmaps to the cases and refine them with participants in an EU project, representing the entire TC value chain. The EU project is developing digital sustainability assessments with Blockchain functionality for increased data trustworthiness. This study aims to contribute to theory, practice, and public policies by providing a validated overview of the status, barriers, goals, and systematic activities for the implementation of CMA and S-LCA in TC value chains and for increased sustainability.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "IT value. IT impact on activities"
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Wang, Rui, et Yinping Mu. « The Impacts of Supply Chain Cooperation Activities on Firm's Market Value ». Dans 2019 16th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2019.8887837.
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Mücke, Tina. « Value creation by small firm internationalization ». Dans 16th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference, HTSF 2008. University of Twente, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/2.268580421.
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This study examines the relationship between the competencies of the small business owner and their interest in international activities. Based on a review of the literature and a quantitative empirical survey among 803 newly founded Austrian companies, the paper identifies the central explanatory variables of internationalization, thus contributing to a theoretically based conceptualization of this phenomenon. Previous conceptualizations of small firm internationalization are extended and specified. This reveals the necessity for a wider inclusion of utilized resources throughout the internationalization process. Moreover, the impact of the structure of social capital of a business owner on the decision to start international activities is examined. The findings elucidate differences between performance drivers with regard to the network, marketing and technology competence of the small business manager. The study repudiates the Uppsala Model in favour of the „born global hypothesis”.
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Toljaga-Nikolić, Danijela, Vladimir Obradović et Marija Todorović. « THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN VALUE CO-CREATION ». Dans 10th IPMA Research conference : Value co-creation in the project society. International Project Management Association, Serbian Project Management Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56889/kxhb7653.
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business so that it begins to operate on the principles of sustainability, ensure the implementation of a sustainable development strategy, and contribute to creating value for the organization and society. Searching for options to establish long-term stable businesses in an unstable environment, organizations began exploring the benefits of the concept of sustainable development and ways to integrate it at all levels of government in a relatively short period of time. By deciding to integrate the concept of sustainable development into their business strategies, organizations contribute to the co-creation of value because each individual in the business system acts in such a way as to minimize the harmful impact and maximize the positive impact of business activities on society and the environment. The research examined the contribution of sustainable project management to value creation through project results, which establishes a balance between satisfying the expectations of clients and other stakeholders and achieving economic goals while contributing to social well-being and environmental protection.
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Maronati, Giovanni, Bojan Petrovic, Jurie J. Van Wyk, Matthew H. Kelley et Chelsea C. White. « Impact of Testing Activities on Small Modular Reactor Total Capital Investment Cost ». Dans 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60675.
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The use Total Capital Investment Cost (TCIC) as a figure of merit to evaluate the design of a Nuclear Power Plant can help lead to more economically competitive designs. TCIC includes costs of equipment, labor, materials and the associated time value of capital. The team developed the software tool EVAL, which is capable of determining TCIC impacts for any nuclear island (NI) of any design. EVAL was first used to estimate the effect of modularization on TCIC in constructing the Westinghouse Small Modular Reactor (SMR). In particular, three different construction cases were identified. In the first case, modules are manufactured in the fabrication facility and assembled into Super Modules (SMs) in the on-site assembly area, while SMs are assembled in the hole to form the NI. The second case differs from the first case in the fabrication process, as modules are manufactured in the on-site assembly area. In the third case, the NI is ‘stick built’; i.e., the modules are assembled in the hole, where all connections are performed and the structures are built. The analysis highlighted the positive impact of off-site modular construction on TCIC. EVAL is based on an open evaluation methodology. In this paper, we present an extension of EVAL that aims to analyze the impact of testing on TCIC. As only few Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) were built in the recent years, testing costs and durations are characterized by a high uncertainty. EVAL was used to evaluate the impact of testing on TCIC, considering a range of realistic data points. Testing costs were expressed as a percentage of total labor costs and TCICs were calculated for the three construction strategies. EVAL was also used to evaluate the impact of modular testing on TCIC. Modularization allows functional testing and system testing activities to be moved from the installation stage to the fabrication and assembly stages, with a subsequent reduction in labor cost and total construction time. TCIC sensitivities were performed on the fraction of testing activities that can be moved from the installation stage. The number of these activities is dependent on both the design and the technologies used during construction. The analysis showed the positive impact of modular testing on TCIC and demonstrated how EVAL can be a tool capable of helping stakeholder decisions.
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Johari, Jassmin. « IMPACT OF COVID 19 : A QUALITATIVE STUDY GOLFING ACTIVITIES FOR SPORTS TOURISM MANAGEMENT IN TERENGGANU ». Dans GLOBAL TOURISM CONFERENCE 2021. PENERBIT UMT, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/gtc.2021.11.058.
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Sports globally are also affected and impacted because of COVID-19. Time sports although often associated with healthy physical activity and its ability to improve the ability to improve health, these sports activities are seen as more dangerous if continued. Global concerns trigger a disturbing world life phenomenon in all aspects of life especially to the countries hit by this epidemic. This limitless and borderless COVID-19 pandemic forced various major world sporting events to be postponed. Sports are all physical activities performed to express feelings and convey value through the physical behavior as well as to test the skills of an individual with other individuals who venture into the same field of sports through competition based on the rules that have been set. As a clearer understanding, a pandemic occurs when many individuals can be infected with a disease easily and the disease can spread from one individual to another continuously without hindrance around the world and have a huge impact on sporting events.
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Može, Helga. « An Overview of Social Impact Research Methods ». Dans Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.46.
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The main goal of this paper is to review the methods of measuring the impact of different social programs, activities, projects or programs on the local community development. One method will be chosen, the most adequate one for research about the impact of the nonprofit sector on the socio-economic development of the local communities, especially the impact of nonprofit organization. At the beginning of the paper will be explained the need to calculate social impact in order to advocate stronger involvement of civil society in the community development, especially in the increasing of the social capital. After that, an overview of the different methods will be given, with the method name, who founded and / or develop that method and other particularity, and for what the method is used for. This paper provided an insight into previous scientific papers and research, and proved that there is room for further research on the social impact methods. Namely, no research has been done so far on the impact of nonprofit associations on the socioeconomic development of the local communities.
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Antić, Slobodan. « Responding to the Impact of the COVID-19 on Food Value Chains – Case of Industry Practice ». Dans XV. International Conference on Logistics in Agriculture 2021. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-538-2.1.
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Supply chain operations in food value chains includes all logistics activities that enable the flow of agriculture inputs, outputs, and agriculture-related services, such as transportation, warehousing, procurement, packaging and inventory management. The efficacy of logistics is critical for the agri-food sector, in particular in times of crisis. Disruptions can cause adverse impacts on the quality of food, freshness, its safety, and can impede access to markets and affordability. The COVID-19 pandemic caused that the governments around the world implemented different measures, including a reduction in the transportation of goods (ground, ocean freight and air freight), as well as migration of labour domestically and internationally. In order to stop the transmission of the disease workers are less available in transportation systems because restrictions across borders. These issues induce disruptions in the logistics of the food supply chains. The contemporary business environment in COVID-19 pandemic environment imposes an increased need for the development of decision-support tools. The Shadow IT solution will be described on the example of the inventory control model for frozen fruit wholesale, implemented as a spreadsheet application.
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Nilipovskiy, Vasily, et Gaukhar Serikbaeva. « THE ADVANTAGES OF APPLYING REMOTE SENSING FOR REGULATING NATURE PROTECTION ACTIVITIES ». Dans GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/22.
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The purpose of the study is to identify whether remote sensing has any benefits for controlling economic activity and protection, especially in forest areas. The practical value of research is that to substantiate the recommendations for applying remote sensing to increase efficiency of nature protection and economic activities in forests areas (using international experience, including Russia and Kazakhstan). The results show that remote sensing may help to collect the required data which has the significance for developing the reaction strategy to the external threats and for minimising their impact on forestry.
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Küttim, Merle, Jelena Hartšenko et Iivi Riivits-Arkonsuo. « Added value of post-secondary education in Estonia ». Dans Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9437.
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Education is seen in the human capital literature as one of the determining factors for labour market outcomes (Blázquez et al., 2018), measured through multiple variables. The aim of the current study is to examine the change in the earnings of graduates from Estonian post-secondary education institutions. This is achieved by comparing graduates who had studied from 2013 to 2016 in four fields: engineering, information technology, economics and natural sciences. To assess the change in pre- and post-entry earnings difference-in-differences regression was used. The results indicate there are differences between disciplines in terms of added value. In economics gender differences have the smallest and entrepreneurial activities the largest impact for the change in earnings. The study contributes to our understanding of added value of post-secondary education by combining educational, tax and social data, and analysing the change in graduates’ earnings pre- and post-entry. Keywords: Post-secondary education; earnings; value added; Estonia; labour market success
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Heo, H. Y., D. H. Youn et H. Chung. « Stochastic Assessment and Applications for Welding Shrinkage Impact on Production Cost ». Dans SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2012-p52.
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Since ship hull blocks are constructed by assembling numerous intermediate parts, negligible dimensional variations in the parts can easily accumulate to cause serious misalignment in block erection stage. Considering the welding – the primary joining process in ship production which inherently causes distortions, the quality of block’s dimensional variations during the assembly would deteriorate even faster. Thinking that the intermediate products with low dimensional quality in the ship production are not scrapped but reworked, the productivity of each workstation greatly depends on the dimensional quality of these dimensionally critical intermediate products. Reworks such as recutting, mechanical and/or thermal correction against misalignment, excessive welding for wide gap and thermal straightening are commonly subsequently increases the total production cost. One of the major dimensional accuracy control activities is the shrinkage margin design. The optimal length of excess edge is assigned to plates in order to compensate welding shrinkage. In the past, the welding shrinkage is predicted based mostly on the empirical formula or just designer's experience, so the accuracy of the assigned was relatively poor and could not effectively help reducing non-value-added rework activities. The simplified margin calculation procedure could not consider the welding sequence as well as process variations such as welding heat input. This work aims to develop the optimal shrinkage margin calculation system for dimensional quality improvement. The proposed system calculates the optimal shrinkage margin using computer-aided engineering toolsets based on finite element analysis as well as design point searching procedure adopting the quality loss function and statistical values considering shrinkage variation values during welding. The developed scheme improves the accuracy control procedure in the ship production process thus enhance competitiveness of shipbuilders in dimensional accuracy technology by minimizing the accuracy impact on productivity.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "IT value. IT impact on activities"
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Bassi, Andrea. From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. Liège : CIRIEC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp202206.
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After the financial-economic crisis of 2008 there has been an increasing diffusion of discourses by international institutions stressing the necessity towards the adoption of impact evaluation methods both by for profit and SSE organizations. This craze for impact measurement is generally led by the need of the stock exchange to find new financial markets (demand) for an increasing offer of socially or environmentally oriented financial products (such as the Social Impact Bond). This pressure had the effect to spread terms and concept typically of the financial world to other domains, such as the welfare policy (Social Investment State) and the traditional philanthropic sector (Social Return on Investment). Even the SSE has not been immune from this “epidemic” of measurement, standardization, quantification of its activities’ effects (Salathé-Beaulieu, G. in collaboration with M. J. Bouchard and M. Mendell, 2019). The paper’s main aim is to argue in favour of the adoption of a broader conceptualization of the SSE contribution to the local community (and to the society as a whole) that the one implied by the term “impact”. It proposes a conceptual framework based on the “social value” notion, which requires to consider the worth (Bouchard, M. J. ed., 2009) linked to the presence of the organization itself and not only of its activities/ programs/services. The paper will illustrate and comment the main results from an empirical research on the Social Added Value Evaluation of an umbrella recreation association in the Emilia-Romagna Region. The inquire adopts an experimental design based on qualitative methods such as: focus groups, face to face interviews and on site observations, in order to build a consensual system of social value/impact evaluation to be adopted by the local branches of the regional association.
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Eddy, P. A., S. S. Teel, J. R. Raymond et W. H. Bierschenk. Water quality : Historic values and impact of drilling activities during FY 1988 at the reference repository location in southeastern Washington. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mars 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5034631.
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Njoroge, George, Jaee Nikam et Daniel Ddiba. Plastic waste management and recycling in Mombasa, Kenya : A scoping study of the value chain and its institutional, policy and regulatory frameworks. Stockholm Environment Institute, avril 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.013.
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Plastic waste management and recycling activities have the potential to reduce the environmental impacts of plastic production and to tap the economic value of would-be waste materials through circular economy approaches. This report focuses on the framework for establishing effective practices in Mombasa, Kenya, with policymaking, institutional support and regulations, and with implications for similar contexts elsewhere.
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Nafakh, Abdullah Jalal, Franklin Vargas Davila, Yunchang Zhang, Jon D. Fricker et Dulcy M. Abraham. Workzone Lighting and Glare on Nighttime Construction and Maintenance Activities. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317379.
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Over the last two decades, an increasing number of highway construction and maintenance projects in the United States have been completed at night to avoid or alleviate traffic congestion delays. Working at night entails several advantages, including lower traffic volumes, less impact on local businesses, cooler temperatures for equipment and material, and fewer overall crashes. Although nighttime roadway operations may minimize traffic disruptions, there are several safety concerns about passing motorists and workers in the nighttime work zone. For instance, improper lighting arrangements or excessive lighting levels at the job site could cause harmful levels of glare for the traveling public and workers, which can lead to an increased level of hazards and crashes in the vicinity of the work zone. To address the issue of glare, the current report focuses on determining and evaluating disability glare on nighttime work zones in order to develop appropriate strategies for improving the safety of workers and motorists during nighttime highway construction and maintenance projects. Disability glare is the glare that impairs our vision of objects without necessarily causing discomfort, and it can be evaluated using the veiling luminance ratio (VL ratio). In this study, disability glare values were determined by using lighting data (vertical illuminance and pavement luminance measurements) from the testing of 49 lighting arrangements. Two LED balloon lights, a metal-halide light tower, and an LED light tower were utilized for the field lighting experiments. The glare assessment analyzed the effects of the lighting system setup’s parameters, such as the mounting height, power output, rotation angle, and aiming angle of luminaires on the veiling luminance ratio values (which is a criterion for limiting disability glare). The study revealed the following key findings: (1) an increase in mounting heights of both balloon lights and light towers resulted in lower disability glare levels; (2) compared to the "perpendicular" and "away" orientations, orienting the light towers "towards" the traffic (45 degrees) significantly increases the disability glare levels of the lighting arrangement; and (3) increasing the tilt angles of portable light tower luminaries resulted in an increase in disability glare levels.
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Hoy, Michael D. Herons and Egrets. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, août 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.7208742.ws.
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Herons and egrets commonly cause damage at aquaculture facilities and recreational fishing waters where fish are held at high densities. Fish-eating birds also can have an impact on intensively managed sport fisheries. Damage occurs when herons and egrets feed on fish purchased and released for recreational sport fishing activities. Values of these fish can be quite high given the intensity of management activities and the direct relationship of fishery quality to property value. Herons and egrets are freshwater or coastal birds of the family Ardeidae. Herons and egrets discussed in this section are all piscivorous. They are opportunistic feeders, however, and will consume small amphibians, insects, and reptiles. Due to these food preferences, herons and egrets are attracted to shallow lakes and human-made impoundments. Native bird species are covered under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and given federal protection. Depredation permits can be obtained through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In addition, individual states may require their own permits for legal take of these bird species.
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Banerjee, Onil, Juan M. Murguia, Martin Cicowiez et Adela Moreda. The Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform Approach to Tourism Investment Analysis : An Application to Costa Rica. Inter-American Development Bank, mars 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002288.
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Public investment in different types of tourism, from business to leisure tourism, has differentiated impacts on local economies, environment, people and government revenues. A fully integrated analytical approach such as the Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform is required to capture these multi-dimensional impacts. Applying IEEM to public investment in tourism in Costa Rica we find: investing in a higher skilled labor force particularly in traditional tourism-related activities will improve household welfare; similar increases in demand across all types of tourism show that Health tourism generates the greatest impact on household welfare, while Business tourism has the best prospects for reducing unemployment; Business tourism generates the largest increase in government revenues, but also has the largest greenhouse gas emission footprint, and; the whole of economy perspective of IEEM that captures direct, indirect and induced impacts results in a higher Net Present Value estimation of the investment.
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Phillips, Jake. Understanding the impact of inspection on probation. Sheffield Hallam University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/shu.hkcij.05.2021.
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This research sought to understand the impact of probation inspection on probation policy, practice and practitioners. This important but neglected area of study has significant ramifications because the Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation has considerable power to influence policy through its inspection regime and research activities. The study utilised a mixed methodological approach comprising observations of inspections and interviews with people who work in probation, the Inspectorate and external stakeholders. In total, 77 people were interviewed or took part in focus groups. Probation practitioners, managers and leaders were interviewed in the weeks after an inspection to find out how they experienced the process of inspection. Staff at HMI Probation were interviewed to understand what inspection is for and how it works. External stakeholders representing people from the voluntary sector, politics and other non-departmental bodies were interviewed to find out how they used the work of inspection in their own roles. Finally, leaders within the National Probation Service and Her Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service were interviewed to see how inspection impacts on policy more broadly. The data were analysed thematically with five key themes being identified. Overall, participants were positive about the way inspection is carried out in the field of probation. The main findings are: 1. Inspection places a burden on practitioners and organisations. Practitioners talked about the anxiety that a looming inspection created and how management teams created additional pressures which were hard to cope with on top of already high workloads. Staff responsible for managing the inspection and with leadership positions talked about the amount of time the process of inspection took up. Importantly, inspection was seen to take people away from their day jobs and meant other priorities were side-lined, even if temporarily. However, the case interviews that practitioners take part in were seen as incredibly valuable exercises which gave staff the opportunity to reflect on their practice and receive positive feedback and validation for their work. 2. Providers said that the findings and conclusions from inspections were often accurate and, to some extent, unsurprising. However, they sometimes find it difficult to implement recommendations due to reports failing to take context into account. Negative reports have a serious impact on staff morale, especially for CRCs and there was concern about the impact of negative findings on a provider’s reputation. 3. External stakeholders value the work of the Inspectorate. The Inspectorate is seen to generate highly valid and meaningful data which stakeholders can use in their own roles. This can include pushing for policy reform or holding government to account from different perspectives. In particular, thematic inspections were seen to be useful here. 4. The regulatory landscape in probation is complex with an array of actors working to hold providers to account. When compared to other forms of regulation such as audit or contract management the Inspectorate was perceived positively due to its methodological approach as well as the way it reflects the values of probation itself. 5. Overall, the inspectorate appears to garner considerable legitimacy from those it inspects. This should, in theory, support the way it can impact on policy and practice. There are some areas for development here though such as more engagement with service users. While recognising that the Inspectorate has made a concerted effort to do this in the last two years participants all felt that more needs to be done to increase that trust between the inspectorate and service users. Overall, the Inspectorate was seen to be independent and 3 impartial although this belief was less prevalent amongst people in CRCs who argued that the Inspectorate has been biased towards supporting its own arguments around reversing the now failed policy of Transforming Rehabilitation. There was some debate amongst participants about how the Inspectorate could, or should, enforce compliance with its recommendations although most people were happy with the primarily relational way of encouraging compliance with sanctions for non-compliance being considered relatively unnecessary. To conclude, the work of the Inspectorate has a significant impact on probation policy, practice and practitioners. The majority of participants were positive about the process of inspection and the Inspectorate more broadly, notwithstanding some of the issues raised in the findings. There are some developments which the Inspectorate could consider to reduce the burden inspection places on providers and practitioners and enhance its impact such as amending the frequency of inspection, improving the feedback given to practitioners and providing more localised feedback, and working to reduce or limit perceptions of bias amongst people in CRCs. The Inspectorate could also do more to capture the impact it has on providers and practitioners – both positive and negative - through existing procedures that are in place such as post-case interview surveys and tracking the implementation of recommendations.
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Galili, Naftali, Roger P. Rohrbach, Itzhak Shmulevich, Yoram Fuchs et Giora Zauberman. Non-Destructive Quality Sensing of High-Value Agricultural Commodities Through Response Analysis. United States Department of Agriculture, octobre 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7570549.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The objectives of this project were to develop nondestructive methods for detection of internal properties and firmness of fruits and vegetables. One method was based on a soft piezoelectric film transducer developed in the Technion, for analysis of fruit response to low-energy excitation. The second method was a dot-matrix piezoelectric transducer of North Carolina State University, developed for contact-pressure analysis of fruit during impact. Two research teams, one in Israel and the other in North Carolina, coordinated their research effort according to the specific objectives of the project, to develop and apply the two complementary methods for quality control of agricultural commodities. In Israel: An improved firmness testing system was developed and tested with tropical fruits. The new system included an instrumented fruit-bed of three flexible piezoelectric sensors and miniature electromagnetic hammers, which served as fruit support and low-energy excitation device, respectively. Resonant frequencies were detected for determination of firmness index. Two new acoustic parameters were developed for evaluation of fruit firmness and maturity: a dumping-ratio and a centeroid of the frequency response. Experiments were performed with avocado and mango fruits. The internal damping ratio, which may indicate fruit ripeness, increased monotonically with time, while resonant frequencies and firmness indices decreased with time. Fruit samples were tested daily by destructive penetration test. A fairy high correlation was found in tropical fruits between the penetration force and the new acoustic parameters; a lower correlation was found between this parameter and the conventional firmness index. Improved table-top firmness testing units, Firmalon, with data-logging system and on-line data analysis capacity have been built. The new device was used for the full-scale experiments in the next two years, ahead of the original program and BARD timetable. Close cooperation was initiated with local industry for development of both off-line and on-line sorting and quality control of more agricultural commodities. Firmalon units were produced and operated in major packaging houses in Israel, Belgium and Washington State, on mango and avocado, apples, pears, tomatoes, melons and some other fruits, to gain field experience with the new method. The accumulated experimental data from all these activities is still analyzed, to improve firmness sorting criteria and shelf-life predicting curves for the different fruits. The test program in commercial CA storage facilities in Washington State included seven apple varieties: Fuji, Braeburn, Gala, Granny Smith, Jonagold, Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, and D'Anjou pear variety. FI master-curves could be developed for the Braeburn, Gala, Granny Smith and Jonagold apples. These fruits showed a steady ripening process during the test period. Yet, more work should be conducted to reduce scattering of the data and to determine the confidence limits of the method. Nearly constant FI in Red Delicious and the fluctuations of FI in the Fuji apples should be re-examined. Three sets of experiment were performed with Flandria tomatoes. Despite the complex structure of the tomatoes, the acoustic method could be used for firmness evaluation and to follow the ripening evolution with time. Close agreement was achieved between the auction expert evaluation and that of the nondestructive acoustic test, where firmness index of 4.0 and more indicated grade-A tomatoes. More work is performed to refine the sorting algorithm and to develop a general ripening scale for automatic grading of tomatoes for the fresh fruit market. Galia melons were tested in Israel, in simulated export conditions. It was concluded that the Firmalon is capable of detecting the ripening of melons nondestructively, and sorted out the defective fruits from the export shipment. The cooperation with local industry resulted in development of automatic on-line prototype of the acoustic sensor, that may be incorporated with the export quality control system for melons. More interesting is the development of the remote firmness sensing method for sealed CA cool-rooms, where most of the full-year fruit yield in stored for off-season consumption. Hundreds of ripening monitor systems have been installed in major fruit storage facilities, and being evaluated now by the consumers. If successful, the new method may cause a major change in long-term fruit storage technology. More uses of the acoustic test method have been considered, for monitoring fruit maturity and harvest time, testing fruit samples or each individual fruit when entering the storage facilities, packaging house and auction, and in the supermarket. This approach may result in a full line of equipment for nondestructive quality control of fruits and vegetables, from the orchard or the greenhouse, through the entire sorting, grading and storage process, up to the consumer table. The developed technology offers a tool to determine the maturity of the fruits nondestructively by monitoring their acoustic response to mechanical impulse on the tree. A special device was built and preliminary tested in mango fruit. More development is needed to develop a portable, hand operated sensing method for this purpose. In North Carolina: Analysis method based on an Auto-Regressive (AR) model was developed for detecting the first resonance of fruit from their response to mechanical impulse. The algorithm included a routine that detects the first resonant frequency from as many sensors as possible. Experiments on Red Delicious apples were performed and their firmness was determined. The AR method allowed the detection of the first resonance. The method could be fast enough to be utilized in a real time sorting machine. Yet, further study is needed to look for improvement of the search algorithm of the methods. An impact contact-pressure measurement system and Neural Network (NN) identification method were developed to investigate the relationships between surface pressure distributions on selected fruits and their respective internal textural qualities. A piezoelectric dot-matrix pressure transducer was developed for the purpose of acquiring time-sampled pressure profiles during impact. The acquired data was transferred into a personal computer and accurate visualization of animated data were presented. Preliminary test with 10 apples has been performed. Measurement were made by the contact-pressure transducer in two different positions. Complementary measurements were made on the same apples by using the Firmalon and Magness Taylor (MT) testers. Three-layer neural network was designed. 2/3 of the contact-pressure data were used as training input data and corresponding MT data as training target data. The remaining data were used as NN checking data. Six samples randomly chosen from the ten measured samples and their corresponding Firmalon values were used as the NN training and target data, respectively. The remaining four samples' data were input to the NN. The NN results consistent with the Firmness Tester values. So, if more training data would be obtained, the output should be more accurate. In addition, the Firmness Tester values do not consistent with MT firmness tester values. The NN method developed in this study appears to be a useful tool to emulate the MT Firmness test results without destroying the apple samples. To get more accurate estimation of MT firmness a much larger training data set is required. When the larger sensitive area of the pressure sensor being developed in this project becomes available, the entire contact 'shape' will provide additional information and the neural network results would be more accurate. It has been shown that the impact information can be utilized in the determination of internal quality factors of fruit. Until now,
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Lucas, Brian. Impact of COVID-19 on Poaching and Illegal Wildlife Trafficking Trends in Southern Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), janvier 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.017.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This rapid review focuses on the impact COVID-19 pandemic om poaching and illegal wildlife trafficking. It provides an overview of the recent research and summarises the key themes. This review found that poaching for the purpose of international trafficking of illegal wildlife products, generally decreased. These declines are largely attributed to the disruption of transportation routes used by wildlife traffickers to move illicit goods within Southern Africa and overseas by air, and in some locations to the effects of local lockdown measures. Poaching for subsistence consumption (bushmeat) generally increased across Southern Africa and worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic, incentivised largely by economic hardship and opportunities presented by a reduction in the capacity for anti-poaching enforcement and reduced numbers of tourists, whose presence tends to deter poachers. In the long term, poaching and trafficking are likely to return to pre-pandemic levels. Commercial poachers and traffickers are likely to adjust their transportation routes and adapt their business models to take advantage of opportunities. More positively, some authors have suggested the possibility that the COVID-19 pandemic could influence public attitudes against wildlife trafficking and in support of conservation. Trends in poaching and illegal wildlife trafficking during the COVID-19 pandemic vary significantly across and within countries. The impacts resulting from the measures put in place to reduce the spread of COVID-19 have varied significantly depending on local contexts. Up-to-date data on recent trends during the pandemic are scarce. Good quality data are available on poaching and trafficking of high-value commodities such as elephant ivory and rhino horn, while data on poaching for subsistence are less rigorous and often anecdotal. Much of the evidence available for both types of poaching is not systematic and comes from news media reports, and suffers from inherent difficulties of collecting data on illegal activities. Data collection during the pandemic has also been hampered by the challenges of working safely during the pandemic, funding for monitoring and research has been reduced in most areas, and some reporting processes have not yet analysed data collected during 2021.
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O'Donnell, Kevin, et Anne Greene. A Risk Management Solution Designed to Facilitate Risk-Based Qualification, Validation, and Change Control Activities within GMP and Pharmaceutical Regulatory Compliance Environments in the EU—Part II. Institute of Validation Technology, juillet 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21506590.wp7142006agko-rmsdii.
Texte intégralRésumé :
highlight the need for patient-focused and value-adding qualification, validation, and change control programmes for manufacturing and regulating medicinal products in the EU, which are cost-effective and in-line with current regulatory requirements and guidance. To this end, a formal risk management solution was presented that seeks to demonstrate, in a practical way, how Regulators and Industry in the EU may achieve these goals. This solution represents a formal and rigorous approach to risk management, offering a scientific and practical means for determining and managing, on a risk basis, the scope and extent of qualification and validation, and the likely impact of changes. Based on a ten-step, systematic process, this approach offers a ready-to-use and documented risk management methodology for these activities. This tool is not intended for use in all situations, or to address all risk areas or concerns encountered in GMP and Regulatory Compliance environments. Rather, its use should be commensurate with the complexity and/or criticality of the issue to be addressed, and in many instances, and in-line with ICH Q9 principles, a more informal approach to risk management may be more useful, and indeed proportionate.