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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Isolation du cycle CPU"
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Chenoweth, M. R., G. A. Somerville, D. C. Krause, K. L. O'Reilly et F. C. Gherardini. « Growth Characteristics of Bartonella henselae in a Novel Liquid Medium : Primary Isolation, Growth-Phase-Dependent Phage Induction, and Metabolic Studies ». Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no 2 (février 2004) : 656–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.2.656-663.2004.
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ABSTRACT Bartonella henselae is a zoonotic pathogen that usually causes a self-limiting infection in immunocompetent individuals but often causes potentially life-threatening infections, such as bacillary angiomatosis, in immunocompromised patients. Both diagnosis of infection and research into the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis have been hindered by the absence of a suitable liquid growth medium. It has been difficult to isolate B. henselae directly from the blood of infected humans or animals or to grow the bacteria in liquid culture media under laboratory conditions. Therefore, we have developed a liquid growth medium that supports reproducible in vitro growth (3-h doubling time and a growth yield of approximately 5 × 108 CFU/ml) and permits the isolation of B. henselae from the blood of infected cats. During the development of this medium, we observed that B. henselae did not derive carbon and energy from the catabolism of glucose, which is consistent with genome nucleotide sequence data suggesting an incomplete glycolytic pathway. Of interest, B. henselae depleted amino acids from the culture medium and accumulated ammonia in the medium, an indicator of amino acid catabolism. Analysis of the culture medium throughout the growth cycle revealed that oxygen was consumed and carbon dioxide was generated, suggesting that amino acids were catabolized in a tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-dependent mechanism. Additionally, phage particles were detected in the culture supernatants of stationary-phase B. henselae, but not in mid-logarithmic-phase culture supernatants. Enzymatic assays of whole-cell lysates revealed that B. henselae has a complete TCA cycle. Taken together, these data suggest B. henselae may catabolize amino acids but not glucose to derive carbon and energy from its host. Furthermore, the newly developed culture medium should improve isolation of B. henselae and basic research into the pathogenesis of the bacterium.
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Wagner, JE, D. Collins, S. Fuller, LR Schain, AE Berson, C. Almici, MA Hall, KE Chen, TB Okarma et JS Lebkowski. « Isolation of small, primitive human hematopoietic stem cells : distribution of cell surface cytokine receptors and growth in SCID-Hu mice ». Blood 86, no 2 (15 juillet 1995) : 512–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.2.512.bloodjournal862512.
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Human CD34+ cells were subfractionated into three size classes using counterflow centrifugal elutriation followed by immunoadsorption to polystyrene cell separation devices. The three CD34+ cell fractions (Fr), Fr 25/29, Fr 33/37, and Fr RO, had mean sizes of 8.5, 9.3 and 13.5 microns, respectively. The majority of cells in the large Fr RO CD34+ cell population expressed the committed stage antigens CD33, CD19, CD38, or HLA-DR and contained the majority of granulocyte- macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM), burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), and CFU-mixed lineage (GEMM). In contrast, the small Fr 25/29 CD34+ cells were devoid of committed cell surface antigens and lacked colony-forming activity. When seeded to allogeneic stroma, Fr RO CD34+ cells produced few CFU-GM at week 5, whereas cells from the Fr 25/29 CD34+ cell population showed a 30- to 55-fold expansion of myeloid progenitors at this same time point. Furthermore, CD34+ cells from each size fraction supported ontogeny of T cells in human thymus/liver grafts in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Upon cell cycle analyses, greater than 97% of the Fr 25/29 CD34+ cells were in G0/G1 phase, whereas greater proportions of the two larger CD34+ cell fractions were in active cell cycle. Binding of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-3, IL-6, stem cell factor (SCF), macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF), and granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF to these CD34+ cell populations was also analyzed by flow cytometry. As compared with the larger CD34+ cell fractions, cells in the small Fr 25/29 CD34+ cell population possessed the highest numbers of receptors for SCF, MIP1 alpha, and IL-1 alpha. Collectively, these results indicate that the Fr 25/29 CD34+ cell is a very primitive, quiescent progenitor cell population possessing a high number of receptors for SCF and MIP1 alpha and capable of yielding both myeloid and lymphoid lineages when placed in appropriate in vitro or in vivo culture conditions.
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Vuddhakul, Varaporn, Toshihiro Nakai, Chiho Matsumoto, Takanori Oh, Takeshi Nishino, Chien-Hsien Chen, Mitsuaki Nishibuchi et Jun Okuda. « Analysis of gyrB and toxRGene Sequences of Vibrio hollisae and Development ofgyrB- and toxR-Targeted PCR Methods for Isolation of V. hollisae from the Environment and Its Identification ». Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no 8 (1 août 2000) : 3506–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3506-3514.2000.
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ABSTRACT Isolation of Vibrio hollisae strains, particularly from the environment, is rare. This may be due, in part, to the difficulty encountered when using conventional biochemical tests to identify the microorganism. In this study, we evaluated whether two particular genes may be useful for the identification of V. hollisae. The two genes are presumed to be conserved among the bacterial species (gyrB) or among the species of the genus Vibrio(toxR). A portion of the gyrB sequence ofV. hollisae was cloned by PCR using a set of degenerate primers. The sequence showed 80% identity with the correspondingVibrio parahaemolyticus gyrB sequence. The toxRgene of V. hollisae was cloned utilizing a htpGgene probe derived from the V. parahaemolyticus htpG gene, which is known to be linked to the toxR gene in V. hollisae. The coding sequence of the cloned V. hollisae toxR gene had 59% identity with the V. parahaemolyticus toxR coding sequence. The results of DNA colony hybridization tests using the DNA probes derived from the two genes of V. hollisae indicated that these gene sequences could be utilized for differentiation of V. hollisae from otherVibrio species and from microorganisms found in marine fish. PCR methods targeting the two gene sequences were established. Both PCR methods were shown to specifically detect the respective target sequences of V. hollisae but not other organisms. A strain of V. hollisae added at a concentration of 1 to 102 CFU/ml to alkaline peptone water containing a seafood sample could be detected by a 4-h enrichment incubation in alkaline peptone water at 37°C followed by quick DNA extraction with an extraction kit and 35-cycle PCR specific for the V. hollisae toxR gene. We conclude that screening of seafood samples by this 35-cycle, V. hollisae toxR-specific PCR, followed by isolation on a differential medium and identification by the abovehtpG- and toxR-targeted PCR methods, can be useful for isolation from the environment and identification ofV. hollisae.
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Nilsson-Jaras, Marcus, Anna Edqvist, Johan Rebetz, Bengt Widegren, Stefan Karlsson et Xiaolong Fan. « Isolation and Characterization of Living Cord Blood CD34+ Cells with Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) Expression. » Blood 104, no 11 (16 novembre 2004) : 3559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3559.3559.
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Abstract In the hematopoietic system, telomerase activity is suggested to be differentiation- and proliferation status-dependent. High telomerase activity has been demonstrated in bulk CD34+ progenitor cells. The telomerase activity is mainly controlled at the transcriptional level of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene. In this study, we functionally characterized living cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells with TERT promoter activity by using a TERT reporting adenoviral vector with Ad35 tropism. Such fiber retargeted Ad5F35 vectors allow efficient gene transfer into hematopoietic cells by using the ubiquitously expressed CD46 as a cellular receptor. An adenoviral vector (cTERTdGFP) encoding destabilized EGFP (half-life of 2 hours) under the control of the human TERT promoter and the chicken b-like globin gene insulator was constructed. The background expression of GFP from cTERTdGFP was assessed in the telomerase(−) CB CD15/33+ cells, WI-38 cells and fibroblast cells. Less than 3 percent of these cell types expressed low levels of GFP following transduction with cTERTdGFP in comparison to the control vector Ad5F35-GFP (PGK-promoter) transduced cells (78 to 95% expressed GFP). Under similar conditions, more than 95% of the telomerase(+) A549 cells expressed GFP+ following the cTERTdGFP vector transduction. Therefore, the cTERTdGFP vector allowed d2GFP expression in a telomerase activity-dependent manner. Telomerase activity levels were quantified using the TRAP assay. All transductions were performed at an MOI of 100. The CB CD34+ cells were cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with thrombopoietin. When transduced with the Ad5F35-GFP vector at an MOI of 100, 47±6.7% of the CD34+ cells expressed GFP after two days, while 17±4.3% of the cells expressed GFP following the cTERTdGFP vector transduction. Sorted GFP+ cells following transduction with the cTERTdGFP (TERT sorted) or the Ad5F35-GFP (control sorted) vector were assessed for cell cycle distribution, colony forming capacity and repopulating capacity. Staining for the Ki-67 antigen and 7-AAD revealed that the TERT sorted cells had a greater proportion of cells in the S/G2/M phase of the cell cycle compared to the control sorted cells (55±1.2% versus 37±3.6%, p<0.01), and fewer cells in G0 phase (8.7±2.3% versus 21±3.7%, p<0.05). The colony forming capacity of TERT- and control-sorted cells was similar. Fourteen days following plating of 500 TERT sorted cells, 99±28 BFU-E and 59±18 CFU-G/M colonies were scored compared to the control sorted cells that formed 92±28 BFU-E and 59±11 CFU-G/M colonies. To further assess whether the TERT expressing cells contained repopulating primitive progenitor cells, 1x105 TERT sorted cells were transplanted via tail vein injection into NOD/SCIDBeta2m−/− mice. Human cell reconstitution in the bone marrow was examined at 6 weeks post-transplant in two independent experiments. The TERT sorted cells showed an average of 34±18% (n=9) engraftment with both B- and myeloid-lineage differentiation. Similar engraftment was observed for control sorted cells (35±11%, n=8). In summary, the cTERTdGFP vector allowed isolation of single living primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells with TERT expression. This cell population is enriched for cells in the S/G2/M phase of cell cycle and contains colony-forming progenitor cells and NOD/SCIDBeta2m−/− repopulating progenitor cells.
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Zannettino, Andrew C. W., Hans-Jörg Bühring, Silvana Niutta, Suzanne M. Watt, M. Ann Benton et Paul J. Simmons. « The Sialomucin CD164 (MGC-24v) Is an Adhesive Glycoprotein Expressed by Human Hematopoietic Progenitors and Bone Marrow Stromal Cells That Serves as a Potent Negative Regulator of Hematopoiesis ». Blood 92, no 8 (15 octobre 1998) : 2613–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v92.8.2613.
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Abstract Mucin-like molecules represent an emerging family of cell surface glycoproteins expressed by cells of the hematopoietic system. We report the isolation of a cDNA clone that encodes a novel transmembrane isoform of the mucin-like glycoprotein MGC-24, expressed by both hematopoietic progenitor cells and elements of the bone marrow (BM) stroma. This molecule was clustered as CD164 at the recent workshop on human leukocyte differentiation antigens. CD164 was identified using a retroviral expression cloning strategy and two novel monoclonal antibody (MoAb) reagents, 103B2/9E10 and 105.A5. Both antibodies detected CD164/MGC-24v protein expression by BM stroma and subpopulations of the CD34+ cells, which include the majority of clonogenic myeloid (colony-forming unit–granulocyte-macrophage [CFU-GM]) and erythroid (blast-forming unit-erythroid [BFU-E]) progenitors and the hierarchically more primitive precursors (pre-CFU). Biochemical and functional characterization of CD164 showed that this protein represents a homodimeric molecule of approximately 160 kD. Functional studies demonstrate a role for CD164 in the adhesion of hematopoietic progenitor cells to BM stromal cells in vitro. Moreover, antibody ligation of CD164 on primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells characterized by the cell surface phenotype CD34BRIGHTCD38− results in the decreased recruitment of these cells into cell cycle, suggesting that CD164 represents a potent signaling molecule with the capacity to suppress hematopoietic cell proliferation. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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Zannettino, Andrew C. W., Hans-Jörg Bühring, Silvana Niutta, Suzanne M. Watt, M. Ann Benton et Paul J. Simmons. « The Sialomucin CD164 (MGC-24v) Is an Adhesive Glycoprotein Expressed by Human Hematopoietic Progenitors and Bone Marrow Stromal Cells That Serves as a Potent Negative Regulator of Hematopoiesis ». Blood 92, no 8 (15 octobre 1998) : 2613–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v92.8.2613.420k15_2613_2628.
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Mucin-like molecules represent an emerging family of cell surface glycoproteins expressed by cells of the hematopoietic system. We report the isolation of a cDNA clone that encodes a novel transmembrane isoform of the mucin-like glycoprotein MGC-24, expressed by both hematopoietic progenitor cells and elements of the bone marrow (BM) stroma. This molecule was clustered as CD164 at the recent workshop on human leukocyte differentiation antigens. CD164 was identified using a retroviral expression cloning strategy and two novel monoclonal antibody (MoAb) reagents, 103B2/9E10 and 105.A5. Both antibodies detected CD164/MGC-24v protein expression by BM stroma and subpopulations of the CD34+ cells, which include the majority of clonogenic myeloid (colony-forming unit–granulocyte-macrophage [CFU-GM]) and erythroid (blast-forming unit-erythroid [BFU-E]) progenitors and the hierarchically more primitive precursors (pre-CFU). Biochemical and functional characterization of CD164 showed that this protein represents a homodimeric molecule of approximately 160 kD. Functional studies demonstrate a role for CD164 in the adhesion of hematopoietic progenitor cells to BM stromal cells in vitro. Moreover, antibody ligation of CD164 on primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells characterized by the cell surface phenotype CD34BRIGHTCD38− results in the decreased recruitment of these cells into cell cycle, suggesting that CD164 represents a potent signaling molecule with the capacity to suppress hematopoietic cell proliferation. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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Quadros, Jeferson Santana, Mateus Cardoso Barros, Rafael da Silva Paiva, Magnun Antonio Penariol da Silva et Raquel Soares Casaes Nunes. « Determination of Bacterial Isolates from Cocoa Almonds during Fermentation in “saf’s” Agroforestry System in the Amazon ». Asian Journal of Biology 19, no 1 (9 juillet 2023) : 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i1353.
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Agroforestry systems (SAFs) are an alternative for sustainable development as they enable the recovery of degraded areas and reduce deforestation, contributing to breaking the cycle of traditional family farming, so common in the Amazon region. The significant appearance of endophytic microorganisms, such as bacteria in cocoa almonds, can benefit its production commonly with fermentative bacteria. The aim of the study was to characterize the microbiota of cocoa beans during the fermentation process. The isolation of bacteria was performed from the collected samples; one of the applied procedures was the scraping of the dried and fermented cocoa almonds. Afterward, aliquots were subcultured in a Petri dish with a culture medium containing Blood agar and MacConkey agar to verify bacteria. Cultures were analyzed by counting colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Molecular analyses and sequencing were utilized to describe the microbial diversity. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyzes were performed to emphasize microbial morphology characterization. Gram-negative bacilli (Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter spp.) and Gram-positive bacilli (Bacillus spp.) were found in cocoa beans after 72 h of fermentation. This work contributed to the characterization of endophytic bacteria in cocoa seeds, enabling in-depth studies of in vitro verification of the potential for biocontrol of these endophytic bacteria in cocoa cultivation.
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Koteneva, Elena A., Olga I. Tsygankova, Aleksander V. Kalinin, Alena V. Abramovich, Victoriya Yu Shcherbakova et Ivan S. Rodionov. « Ability for vegetation and spore formation of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> ; strains with different phenotypical properties under soil simulating conditions ». Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology 100, no 3 (11 juillet 2023) : 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-304.
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Introduction. The study of the ability of Bacillus anthracis strains with different phenotypic properties to spore germination, reproduction and sporulation on a medium based on an aqueous soil extract can help assess the significance of these processes in the formation and maintenance of soil anthrax foci.
Aim. The analysis of individual characteristics of the development of a vegetative culture of anthrax pathogen strains with different phenotypes in a soil medium model.
Materials and methods. On a group of anthrax microbe strains with different plasmid composition and virulence, the possibility of spore germination, reproduction of bacilli and, at least in some of them, productive spore formation on the soil medium was studied.
Results. Three variants of culture development of B. anthracis strains were identified: 1 spores remain intact, not germinating; 2 after germination of spores, bacilli are formed, which multiply with different intensity, passing into involutional forms without spore formation; 3 the passage of a complete physiological cycle "sporebacillusspore". The presence of 2% blood in the soil environment contributed to the germination of spores and reproduction of the culture, but inhibited the process of sporulation during the observation period of 3 days. No correlation was found between a certain phenotype of the studied strains of B. anthracis and the ability to germinate and vegetate on soil media.
Conclusion. The data obtained that only 17% of CFU gives rise to the formation of colonies on the soil medium suggest the heterogeneity of the properties of the population of the studied strains. Isolation of such cultures and their further detailed study will make it possible to identify the most significant complexes of biological properties for the realization of a complete physiological cycle under soil-simulating conditions.
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Zayed, Ashraf R., Suha Butmeh, Marina Pecellin, Alaa Salah, Hanna Alalam, Michael Steinert, Manfred G. Höfle, Dina M. Bitar et Ingrid Brettar. « Biogeography and Environmental Drivers of Legionella pneumophila Abundance and Genotype Composition across the West Bank : Relevance of a Genotype-Based Ecology for Understanding Legionella Occurrence ». Pathogens 9, no 12 (1 décembre 2020) : 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9121012.
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The West Bank can be considered as a high-risk area for Legionella prevalence in drinking water due to high ambient temperature, intermittent water supply, frequent pressure loss, and storage of drinking water in roof containers. To assess occurrence of Legionella species, especially L. pneumophila, in the drinking water of the West Bank, the drinking water distribution systems of eight hospitals were sampled over a period of 2.3 years covering the seasonal cycle and the major geographic regions. To gain insight into potential environmental drivers, a set of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters was recorded. Sampling included drinking water and biofilm analyzed by culture and PCR-based methods. Cultivation led to the isolation of 180 strains of L. pneumophila that were genotyped by Multi-Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA). Surprisingly, the abundance of culturable L. pneumophila was low in drinking water of the sampling sites, with only three out of eight sites where Legionella was observed at all (range: 30–500 CFU/Liter). By contrast, biofilm and PCR-based analyses showed a higher prevalence. Statistical analyses with physico-chemical parameters revealed a decrease of L. pneumophila abundance for water and biofilm with increasing magnesium concentrations (>30 mg/L). MLVA-genotype analysis of the L. pneumophila isolates and their spatial distribution indicated three niches characterized by distinct physico-chemical parameters and inhabited by specific consortia of genotypes. This study provides novel insights into mechanisms shaping L. pneumophila populations and triggering their abundance leading to an understanding of their genotype-specific niches and ecology in support of improved prevention measures.
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Shang, Ming. « A New Hardware Isolation Architecture ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (février 2014) : 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.631.
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Virtual systems are usually attacked due to the vulnerabilities in the hypervisor. The hypervisor cannot solve this because its code size is too big to implement totally right. This paper proposed a new hardware-software architecture based on hardware isolation, which adds a new component in CPU to provide hard-level isolation. Even when the malicious code gets the highest software privilege, it cannot break into another domain from current domain. This paper also gives the implementation of the booting, memory isolation, scheduling, interrupt handling and inter-domain communication.
Thèses sur le sujet "Isolation du cycle CPU"
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Yang, Ye. « Isolation Mechanisms within the vSwitch of Cloud Computing Platform ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS191.
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En tant que composant important de la plate-forme cloud, le commutateur virtuel (vSwitch) est responsable de la réalisation de la connectivité réseau entre les machines virtuelles (VM) et les périphériques externes. La plupart des vSwitches existants adoptent le principe de conception partagée, qui détruit l'isolation entre les VMs. Dans vSwitch, différentes VMs se disputent les ressources partagées et accèdent à la mémoire sans restriction, cela les rend incapables de garantir une qualité de service (QoS) réseau stable, tout en faisant face au risque d'attaques de plans de données et d'accès illégaux à la mémoire. Afin de résoudre ces problèmes de performance, de défaillance et de sécurité causés par le manque d'isolement, les principaux travaux et contributions de cette thèse sont les suivants : 1) Méthode QoS réseau basée sur l'isolation du cycle CPU (C2QoS). Cette approche garantit la bande passante du réseau VM en isolant la concurrence des ressources CPU, et en même temps réduisant de 80 % la latence supplémentaire du réseau de VM causée par la concurrence. 2) Mécanisme de défense contre les attaques du plan de données basé sur l'isolement de la table de flux (D-TSE). D-TSE utilise VM comme unité pour séparer la structure de la table de flux afin d'obtenir des performances de classification de paquets indépendantes et une isolation des pannes au prix d'une utilisation CPU supplémentaire de 5 %. 3) Mécanisme d'E/S réseau virtualisé (VNIO) basé sur l'isolation de l'accès mémoire (S2H). Basé sur un modèle de partage de mémoire sécurisé, S2H assure l'isolation et la sécurité de la mémoire des VM au prix d'une latence accrue de 2 à 9 %As an important component of cloud platform, virtual switch (vSwitch) is responsible for achieving network connectivity between virtual machines (VMs) and external devices. Most existing vSwitches adopt the split design principle, which destroys the isolation between VMs. In vSwitch, different VMs compete for shared resources and unrestricted memory access, making them unable to guarantee stable network quality of service (QoS), while facing the risk of data plane attacks and illegal access to memory. In order to solve these performance, failure and security problems caused by the lack of isolation, the main works and contributions of this thesis are as follows: 1) Network QoS method based on CPU cycle isolation (C2QoS). This approach secures VM network bandwidth by isolating concurrency from CPU resources, and at the same time reduces additional VM network latency caused by concurrency by 80%. 2) Data plane attack defense mechanism based on stream table isolation (D-TSE). D-TSE uses VM as the unit to separate the flow table structure to achieve independent packet classification performance and fault isolation at the cost of 5% additional CPU usage. 3) Virtualized Network I/O (VNIO) mechanism based on Memory Access Isolation (S2H). Based on a secure memory sharing model, S2H provides VM memory isolation and security at the cost of 2-9% increased latency
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McCaffery, Kevin A. « Isolation and Characterization of a Microorganism from Groundwater that Reduces Arsenate ». Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McCafferyKA2002.pdf.
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Ross-Macdonald, Petra B. « Isolation of a cell cycle control gene from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum ». Thesis, Open University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329897.
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Smith, Simon A. « Molecular analysis of the yeast cell cycle : isolation and characterization of a new gene, TSM3721 ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253128.
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Gazon, Matthieu. « Impact des caractéristiques de l'injection sur les processus à l'origine des fluctuations cycle à cycle du bruit de combustion d'un moteur diesel ». Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES052.
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Les normes en vigueur et les conditions environnementales actuelles poussent les constructeurs automobiles à se pencher en permanence sur le problème des émissions polluantes. Mais désormais, afin de maîtriser l’ensemble de notre environnement, les collectivités locales s’intéressent de plus en plus au problème des émissions sonores des véhicules. La problématique de cette étude fait suite à l’observation suivante sur un moteur Diesel : des fluctuations cycle à cycle importantes du bruit de combustion (se traduisant par une perception désagréable) peuvent se manifester à faible régime et faible charge. On comprend l’importance de ce problème quand on sait que ce type de fonctionnement du moteur est représentatif de la conduite en milieu urbain (arrêts multiples aux stops ou aux feux de circulation, circulation à vitesse réduite,. . . ). La démarche suivie avait pour objectif de répondre à la question suivante : des fluctuations au niveau du système d’injection peuvent-elles être responsables de fluctuations au niveau de la combustion et du bruit de combustion ? L’étude expérimentale présentée dans ce manuscrit repose sur deux types de dispositifs expérimentaux. Les expérimentations sur banc moteur ont permis une caractérisation de la combustion et du bruit de combustion. L’utilisation d’un banc d’injection a quant à elle permis d’effectuer une caractérisation du comportement du système d’injection dans des conditions proches des conditions moteur. Les expérimentations sur ce dernier banc ont abouti à la présentation d’un modèle caractérisant le comportement de la masse injectée et de ses fluctuations cycliques. Une caractérisation simultanée du système d’injection (mesures de l’activation des injecteurs, de la pression d’injection,. . . ) et du processus de combustion à travers la pression cylindre (taux de dégagement de chaleur, bruit de combustion,. . . ) a été menée. Le modèle d’estimation de la masse injectée qui se base sur des paramètres communs aux deux types de banc a pu être appliqué aux données acquises sur banc moteur. Il constitue en effet le lien entre les deux types d’expérimentation. Pour le moteur choisi pour cette étude, il s’est avéré que les résultats obtenus montrent que le lien entre les fluctuations du bruit de combustion et du système d’injection s’il existe, reste faibleDue to the actual standards and environmental conditions, the car manufacturers have to think about the problem of pollutant emissions. But, to better control the environment, the local authorities are more and more interested in the acoustic emissions of vehicles. The problematic of this study is based on an observation made on a Diesel engine : important cycleto-cycle fluctuations (leading to unpleasant perception) can appear at low engine speed and low charge (brake mean effective pressure). This is a significant problem since such engine operating conditions are representative of the urban driving (repetitive stops, low-speed circulation,. . . ). This study has been made to try to answer the question : are fluctuations in injection system responsible for fluctuations in the combustion and in the combustion noise ? The experimental study presented here is based on two experimental devices. Experiments conducted on an engine test-bench allowed to characterize the combustion and the combustion noise. An injection test-bench was also used to characterize the injection system behavior in conditions close to the engine ones. The experiments on this setup led to a model for the determination of the injected fuel mass and its cyclic fluctuations. A simultaneous characterization of the injection system (injector command, injection pressure,. . . ) and of the combustion process (cylinder pressure, rate of heat release, combustion noise,. . . ) was conducted. The model for the injected fuel mass estimation has been applied to the data acquired on the engine test-bench. For the studied engine, the results show that the link between the combustion noise and the injection system if it exists, remains weak
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Adou, Eba. « I. Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds From Suriname and Madagascar flora. II. A Synthetic Approach to Lucilactaene ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29973.
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As part of an International Cooperative Biodiversity Group (ICBG), extracts of plants from Suriname and Madagascar were bioassayed for cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity. Six cytotoxic extracts and one potential antimalarial were selected for fractionation, and yielded a number of bioactive compounds which were characterized by spectroscopy methods. Craspidospermum verticillatum (Apocynaceae) yielded four known indole alkoids. Casimirella sp (Icacinaceae) gave three new and five known diterpenoids. Pentopetia androsaemifolia (Apocynaceae) afforded one new and three known cardenolide glycosides. Physalis angulata (Solanaceae) yielded seven known physalins. Roupellina boivinnii (Apocynaceae) yielded four known and three new cardenolide glycosides, and three known cucurbitacins were isolated from Octolepis aff. dioica (Thymelaeaceae).
In addition to these structural studies, a synthetic approach to lucilactaene, a cell cycle inhibitor was developed.Ph. D.
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Biscans, Sébastien. « Optimization of the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave detectors duty cycle by reduction of parametric instabilities and environmental impacts ». Thesis, Le Mans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LEMA1019/document.
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Le projet LIGO a pour but la détection et l'étude d'ondes gravitationnelles via un réseau de détecteurs. LIGO possède deux détecteurs d'architecture et de fonctionnement identiques, situés aux États-Unis. Chaque détecteur est une version améliorée d'un interféromètre de Michelson avec des bras optiques de 4 km de long. Ces interféromètres ont observé une onde gravitationnelle pour la première fois en septembre 2015, suivi par cinq autres détections à ce jour. Ces détections marquent le début d™une nouvelle ère pour l'astrophysique, en liaison étroite avec la physique des trous noirs et des étoiles à neutrons. Depuis, un grand nombre d'activités sont en développement pour perfectionner les interféromètres. Cette thèse a pour objectif d'améliorer le temps de service des détecteurs, en répondant en particulier à deux problématiques majeures : le problème des impacts environnementaux, et notamment celui des tremblements de terre, ainsi que le problème lié à des couplages opto-mécaniques instables dans les cavités optiques, appelés instabilités paramétriques. Les stratégies de contrôle et les outils développés pour résoudre ces problématiques sont présentés. Les résultats prémilinaires montrent une réduction du temps d'arrêt généré par les tremblements de terre d'environ 40%. De plus, le dispositif ‚Acoustic Mode Damper™ développé pendant la thèse devrait complètement résoudre le problème des instabilités paramétriques pour LIGO. En conclusion, il sera démontré en quoi les problématiques résolues ont permis d'améliorer le cycle de service des détecteurs de LIGO de 4,6%, ce qui correspond à une augmentation du nombre d'ondes gravitationnelles détectées par an de 14%The LIGO project is a large-scale physics experiment the goal of which is to detect and study gravitational waves of astrophysical origin. It is composed of two instruments identical in design, located in the United States. The two instruments are specialized versions of a Michelson interferometer with 4km-long arms. They observed a gravitational-wave signal for the first time in September 2015 from the merger of two stellar-mass black holes. This is the first direct detection of a gravitational wave and the first direct observation of a binary black hole merger. Five more detections from binary black hole mergers and neutron stars merger have been reported to date, marking the beginning of a new era in astrophysics. As a result of these detections, many activities are in progress to improve the duty cycle and sensitivity of the detectors. This thesis addresses two major issues limiting the duty cycle of the LIGO detectors: environmental impacts, especially earthquakes, and the issue of unstable opto-mechanical couplings in the cavities, referred to as parametric instabilities. The control strategies and tools developed to tackle these issues are presented. Early results have shown a downtime reduction during earthquakes of ~40% at one of the LIGO sites. Moreover, the electro-mechanical device called ‚Acoustic Mode Damper™ designed and tested during the thesis should completely solve the issue of parametric instabilities for LIGO. In conclusion, we will show that the problems tackled in this thesis improved the overall duty cycle of LIGO by 4.6%, which corresponds to an increase of the gravitational-wave detection rate by 14%
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Strandberg, Linnéa. « Isolation of the native chloroplast proteome from plant for identification of protein-metabolite interactions ». Thesis, KTH, Proteinvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301783.
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För att kunna livnära en växande population behöver avkastningen på skördar öka. En lösning på dettaär att optimera plantornas fotosyntes, vilket innefattar förbättrad koldioxidfixering. För att lyckas meddet krävs kunskap i hur reglering av nyckelproteiner i kloroplasten går till. Syftet med detta projekt är identifiera möjliga reglerande protein-metabolitinteraktioner i Arabidopsis thaliana. Målproteinerna ärde 11 enzymerna i Calvin-Benson-Basshamcykeln. Metaboliterna som testas är 3PGA, ATP, FBP, GAP, vilka är mellan produkter eller kofaktorer i cykeln; 2PG, som är en produkt av en konkurrerande reaktion i cykeln; och slutligen G6P, citrat och sackaros, vilka är centrala metaboliter i andra viktiga reaktioner i cellen. Före experimenten med Arabidopsis testades protokollen med spenat. Som ett första steg isolerades kloroplasterna från blad. När intakta kloroplaster verifierats extraherades proteinerna. Inter-aktioner mellan metaboliterna och proteinerna analyserades med en metod kallad limited proteolysis-small molecule mapping. Denna teknik, vilken kombinerar begränsad proteolys med masspektrometri, detekterade flertalet protein-metabolit interaktioner. I Arabidopsis uppvisade alla enzym förutom FB-Pase, PPE och TIM minst en interaktion. I spenat sågs interaktioner med FBA, GAPDH, PGK, PRK, RuBisCO, TIM och TK. Resultaten visar möjliga reglerande interaktioner, vilka skulle kunna användasför att identifiera flaskhalsar i kolfixeringen. Denna kunskap kan i sin tur utnyttjas för att öka flödet i Calvin-Benson-Basshamcykeln och därigenom förbättra växters koldioxidfixering.In order to feed a growing population, the crop yield needs to be increased. One way to do this is to optimise the photosynthetic activity in the plant, which includes improvement of carbon fixation. To succeed with this, knowledge of the regulation of key proteins in the chloroplast is required. The aim of this project is to identify possible regulatory protein-metabolite interactions in chloroplasts from Arabidopsis thaliana. The target proteins are the 11 enzymes of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle. The metabolites of interest are 3PGA, ATP, FBP, GAP, which are intermediates or co-factors of the cycle;2PG, which is a product of a competing reaction in the cycle; and finally G6P, citrate and sucrose, which are central metabolites in other vital reactions in the cell. Before the experiments with Arabidopsis, spinach was used as a test organism to evaluate the proposed protocols. First, chloroplasts were isolatedfrom leaves. When the integrity of the chloroplasts had been validated, the proteins were extracted. Metabolic interactions with the extracted proteins were analyzed with limited proteolysis-small molecule mapping. This method, which combines limited proteolysis with mass spectrometry, detected severalprotein-metabolite interactions. In Arabidopsis, all enzymes except for FBPase, PPE and TIM had atleast one interaction. In spinach, interactions were seen with FBA, GAPDH, PGK, PRK, RuBisCO,TIM and TK. The results highlight potential regulatory events, which could be used to target bottlenecks in carbon fixation. This could provide a pathway to increase the flux in the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, and thereby improve carbon fixation in plants.
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Bergman, Robin, et Johan Nilsson. « Utvärdering av JTAG Boundary scan somtestmetod vid temperaturchocker ». Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286255.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Rapporten beskriver ett examensarbete som har genomförts hos Scania R&D. Målet har varit att testa om det är möjligt att använda JTAG för kontroll av Ball Grid Array på komponenter som sitter på kretskort. Vanliga mätmetoder kan inte användas med mindre än att man separerar komponenten från kretskortet. Det som framkommer är att JTAG kan användas för att kontrollera Ball Grid Array samtidigt som kretskortet finns i ett så kallat temperaturchockskåp (som används för att testa hur utrustning och komponenter reagerar vid snabba temperaturändringar). Svårigheten består att den flatkabel som för över signaler mellan dator och kretskort är så lång att arrangemanget blir störningskänsligt. Detta kan lösas med en Extender som förstärker signalen så att kabeln kan vara längre än 0,5 meter. Resultat visar att JTAG kan användas med kretskort som befinner sig i temperaturchockskåpet. Målet har även varit att utveckla en kontrollmetod för att kontrollera att det kretskort som levereras till Scania uppfyller kraven i ISO 26262. För att kunna kontrollera om en leverantör uppfyller ISO 26262 behövs dokumentation som verifierar att produkten utvecklats i enlighet med ISO 26262. I ISO standarden finns det tolv delar som beskriver kraven på produkten. I rapporten har fokus lagts på delen som handlar om hårdvara. Ingen kontrollmetod har kunnat utvecklats då ISO standarden var mer omfattade än väntat.
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Silva, Renata Moreira da. « Um corpo que abriga uma vida e um vírus : o significado da maternidade para mães soropositivas para HIV ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/12253.
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FAPESB
O estudo dos processos afetivos na psicologia é de grande importância e tem sido objeto de atenção crescente, em particular entre os pesquisadores na área da Psicologia Cultural. A maternidade e a soropositividade são contextos nos quais rupturas e transições ocorrem de forma impactante na vida dos indivíduos, contribuindo para a ocorrência de uma importante variedade de reações emocionalmente orientadas. O objetivo geral desse estudo foi analisar o significado da maternidade para mães soropositivas para HIV. Os objetivos específicos, por sua vez, foram (a) analisar os processos envolvidos na garantia de continuidade do self em condições de ruptura de mães soropositivas para HIV, e (b) caracterizar os recursos simbólicos disponíveis ou criados pelas mulheres que experienciam a maternidade sendo soropositivas para HIV. Para atingir os objetivos, foi realizado um estudo de casos, através de narrativas de histórias de vida com dez mães soropositivas para HIV, entrevistadas no CEDAP, na cidade de Salvador/Bahia. As entrevistas realizadas foram transcritas e submetidas à análise de entrevista narrativa. O conceito desenvolvido nesse estudo, o Ciclo de Isolamento, detalhou como ocorre o processo de retirada dos contextos de interação social, que envolve custo emocional e pode estar associado a processos de depressão. A existência de uma rede social de suporte mostrou-se como condição fundamental para uma melhor qualidade de vida na vivência da maternidade. As experiências de enfrentamento perante as dificuldades - seja a dor da descoberta do HIV, da traição, da impossibilidade da amamentação ou dos episódios de discriminação – são bastante diversificadas, a depender da presença ou ausência de outros importantes ao lado dessas mulheres. A participação da família na vida dessas mulheres é imprescindível para o seu bem estar e para seu fortalecimento físico, emocional, mental e social. O Ciclo de Isolamento é relevante enquanto construto teórico capaz de especificar processos em curso quando a pessoa experiência situações socialmente estigmatizadas e tem implicações para a prática profissional em diversas áreas. Destaque-se sua utilidade potencial para o planejamento de ações na promoção de saúde pública. The study of affective processes in psychology is of great importance and has been the subject of increasing attention, particularly among researchers in the field of Cultural Psychology. Motherhood and seropositivity are contexts in which ruptures and transitions are striking in the lives of individuals, contributing to the occurrence of a variety of important reactions emotionally oriented. The general objective of this study was to analyze the meaning of motherhood for mothers infected with HIV. The specific objectives, in turn, were (a) analyze the processes involved in ensuring continuity of the self in terms of disruption to mothers seropositive for HIV, and (b) to characterize the symbolic resources available or created by women who are experiencing motherhood seropositive for HIV. To achieve the goals, we performed a case study, through narratives of life histories with ten HIV seropositive mothers, interviewed in the CEDAP, the city of Salvador / Bahia. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed for narrative interview. The concept developed in this study, the Isolation Cycle, detailed process of withdrawal of the contexts of social interaction, which involves emotional cost and can be associated with cases of depression. The existence of a network of social support proved to be a prerequisite for a better quality of life in the experience of motherhood. The experiences of coping with the difficulties - the pain of the discovery of HIV, betrayal, or the impossibility of breastfeeding episodes of discrimination - are quite diverse, depending on the presence or absence of important others alongside these women. Family participation in the lives of these women is essential to their well being and strengthening their physical, emotional, mental and social. The Isolation Cycle is relevant as theoretical construct able to specify processes in progress when the person experiences situations socially stigmatized and has implications for professional practice in various areas. Stand out from its potential usefulness for planning actions to promote public health.
Salvador
Livres sur le sujet "Isolation du cycle CPU"
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Lambe, Kevin Gerard. Isolation of cell cycle genes using yeast CDC mutants. Manchester : University of Manchester, 1993.
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Shieh, Jia-Ching. Isolation and characterisation of candida albicans cell cycle genes. Manchester : University of Manchester, 1994.
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Pearson, Lillian. Design of a vibration isolation system for a cycle ergometer to be used on board the space shuttle. Austin, Tex : Mechanical Engineering Design Projects Program, University of Texas at Austin, 1991.
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Pearson, Lillian. Design of a vibration isolation system for a cycle ergometer to be used on board the space shuttle. Austin, Tex : Mechanical Engineering Design Projects Program, University of Texas at Austin, 1991.
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Slaaby, Rita. Cloning and characterisation of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and isolation and characterisation of pheromone induced cell cycle arrest mutants in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Birmingham : University of Birmingham, 1996.
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Gros, Daniel F. Overcoming Avoidance Workbook : Break the Cycle of Isolation and Avoidant Behaviors to Reclaim Your Life from Anxiety, Depression, or PTSD. New Harbinger Publications, 2021.
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Gros, Daniel F. Overcoming Avoidance Workbook : Break the Cycle of Isolation and Avoidant Behaviors to Reclaim Your Life from Anxiety, Depression, or PTSD. New Harbinger Publications, 2021.
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Forbes, C. J. Waste Isolation Pilot Plant : A special issue of the journal Radioactive Waste Management and the Nuclear Fuel Cycle (Physics Reviews Section a). Routledge, 1990.
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Gros, Daniel F. Stop Avoiding and Start Living : A Workbook to Break the Cycle of Avoidance and Isolation and Reclaim Your Life from Anxiety, Depression, or PTSD. New Harbinger Publications, 2021.
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Haden, Roger. Food Culture in the Pacific Islands. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400652523.
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The food culture of the Pacific Islands has been determined by isolation from the rest of the world. Original immigrants from Asia brought their foods, animals, and culinary skills with them, then for several thousand years, they were largely uninfluenced by outsiders. The tropical climate of much of the region, unique island geology and environmental factors also played a role in the evolution of islander cuisine, which is based on unique ingredients. The staples of breadfruit, yams, taro, coconut, sweet potato, and cassava are incorporated into a cuisine that uses cooking and preservation techniques unique to Polynesia, Micronesia, and Melanesia. Today, food culture in the Pacific is largely one of extremes. Although traditional foods and cookery survive and are highly valued, Westernization has meant that the overall diet of islanders has been negatively transformed and that islands are net importers of unhealthful foods. Ironically, the tourism industry has re-engaged islander people in food production and boosted their sense of identity. Students, food mavens, and travellers will find this to be a stellar introduction to the current culture of the Pacific Islands, with discussion of Hawaii, Australia, and New Zealand included. Chapter 1, Historical Overview, offers a fascinating chronicle of the evolution of a food culture of extremes, of isolation, climate, environment, and Western influences. Chapter 2, Major Foods and Ingredients, introduces a host of traditional tropical manna as well as imported products. The Cooking chapter discusses the truly unique cooking styles of the islands, such as steam-baking in the ground in an umu (oven). Chapter 4, Typical Meals, largely explores the emphasis on the ubiquitous processed foods. A Regional Specialties chapter reveals both pan-regional dishes and the noted local dishes. Chapter 6's Eating Out discussion shows the new acceptance of the individualist, recreational ritual of eating away from the community. The typical life-cycle food rituals are covered in the Special Occasions chapter. A final chapter on Diet and Health highlights the increase in Western diseases arising from diet and lifestyle changes and discusses timely food security issues as well. Recipes are interspersed throughout, and a timeline, glossary, selected bibliography, and photos round out the coverage.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Isolation du cycle CPU"
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Morris, Noel M. « The CPU and its Fetch-Execute Cycle ». Dans Microelectronic and Microprocessor-based Systems, 28–34. London : Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06978-1_3.
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Parisi, F., T. Zordan et A. Romano. « Seismic base isolation of Palazzo Partigiani in Perugia ». Dans Life-Cycle of Structures and Infrastructure Systems, 4171–78. London : CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003323020-514.
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Watts, Felicity Z., Neil J. Butt, Anna Clarke, Philip Layfield, Jesse S. Machuka, Julian F. Burke et Anthony L. Moore. « Isolation of Arabidopsis homologues to yeast cell cycle genes ». Dans Molecular and Cell Biology of the Plant Cell Cycle, 35–44. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1789-0_3.
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Furinghetti, Marco. « Definition of a design procedure of seismic isolation systems based on rubber bearings ». Dans Life-Cycle of Structures and Infrastructure Systems, 1474–80. London : CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003323020-181.
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Matsuzaki, H. « Performance of retrofitted bridges by seismic isolation considering aging of isolators ». Dans Bridge Safety, Maintenance, Management, Life-Cycle, Resilience and Sustainability, 285–92. London : CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003322641-31.
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Matsuzaki, H. « Seismic damage control of bridges with deteriorated seismic isolation bearings by rupture of anchor bolts ». Dans Life-Cycle of Structures and Infrastructure Systems, 906–13. London : CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003323020-110.
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Oyama, Yoshihiro. « How Does Malware Use RDTSC ? A Study on Operations Executed by Malware with CPU Cycle Measurement ». Dans Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment, 197–218. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22038-9_10.
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Steinert, Fritjof, et Benno Stabernack. « FPGA-Based Network-Attached Accelerators – An Environmental Life Cycle Perspective ». Dans Architecture of Computing Systems, 248–63. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42785-5_17.
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AbstractHomogeneous computing systems are reaching their limits with the growing demands of current applications. Accelerating compute-intensive applications ensures manageable computing times and boosts energy efficiency, which is an important lever as part of ongoing efforts to tackle global climate change. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) accelerators are well-known for increasing throughput and, in particular, energy efficiency for many applications. FPGA accelerators connected directly to the data center high-speed network are ideal for integration into a heterogeneous data center, avoiding the energy and resource overhead of a carrier system. The standalone Network-attached Accelerators (NAAs) further benefits from low latency and predictable line-rate network throughput, as well as an interoperable communications interface. For selected use cases, we compare a heterogeneous computing cluster extended by NAAs with a homogeneous CPU-based cluster not only in terms of computing performance and energy efficiency, but also considering resource efficiency. For this purpose, we perform a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for both systems based on the Key Performance Indicators for Data Center Efficiency (KPI4DCE) indicator set, which takes into account the manufacturing phase in addition to the usage phase. The KPI4DCE tool has been extended to include modeling of NAAs. This allows us to show that NAAs are not only more energy-efficient, but also more resource-efficient for the selected applications, leading to a strong improvement of the environmental impact of the manufacturing phase.
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Yajima, M., M. B. Brito, H. Kashiyama, M. Akiyama, R. Honda, N. Ishigaki et H. Takahashi. « Size effect of a low-cost sliding isolation system with a flat-inclined spherical shape ». Dans Bridge Safety, Maintenance, Management, Life-Cycle, Resilience and Sustainability, 1623–29. London : CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003322641-200.
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McGenity, Terry J. « Introduction to the Isolation and Cultivation of Microbes Involved in the Hydrocarbon Cycle ». Dans Springer Protocols Handbooks, 1–25. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/8623_2015_177.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Isolation du cycle CPU"
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Dejon, Nicolas, Chrystel Gaber et Gilles Grimaud. « From MMU to MPU : Adaptation of the Pip Kernel to Constrained Devices ». Dans 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Soft Computing and Applications. Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.122309.
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This article presents a hardware-based memory isolation solution for constrained devices. Existing solutions target high-end embedded systems (typically ARM Cortex-A with a Memory Management Unit, MMU) such as seL4 or Pip (formally verified kernels) or target low-end devices such as ACES, MINION, TrustLite, EwoK but with limited flexibility by proposing a single level of isolation. Our approach consists in adapting Pip to inherit its flexibility (multiple levels of isolation) but using the Memory Protection Unit (MPU) instead of the MMU since the MPU is commonly available on constrained embedded systems (typically ARMv7 Cortex-M4 or ARMv8 Cortex-M33 and similar devices). This paper describes our design of Pip-MPU (Pip’s variant based on the MPU) and the rationale behind our choices. We validate our proposal with an implementation on an nRF52840 development kit and we perform various evaluations such as memory footprint, CPU cycles and energy consumption. We demonstrate that although our prototyped Pip-MPU causes a 16% overhead on both performance and energy consumption, it can reduce the attack surface of the accessible application memory from 100% down to 2% and the privileged operations by 99%. Pip-MPU takes less than 10 kB of Flash (6 kB for its core components) and 550 B of RAM.
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Korotaev, Kirill. « Hierarchical CPU Schedulers for Multiprocessor Systems, Fair CPU Scheduling and Processes Isolation ». Dans 2005 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/clustr.2005.347085.
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Yau, David K. Y. « Performance evaluation of CPU isolation mechanisms in a multimedia OS kernel ». Dans Photonics West 2001 - Electronic Imaging, sous la direction de Wu-chi Feng et Martin G. Kienzle. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.410914.
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Ruiz, Alejandro Pérez, Mario Aldea Rivas et Michael González Harbour. « CPU Isolation on the Android OS for running Real-Time Applications ». Dans JTRES '15 : The 13th International Workshop on Java Technologies for Real-time and Embedded Systems. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2822304.2822317.
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Paik, Yoonah, Miseon Han, Kyu Hyun Choi, Minseong Kim et Seon Wook Kim. « Cycle-accurate full system simulation for CPU+GPU+HBM computing platform ». Dans 2018 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/elinfocom.2018.8330603.
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Wang, Wei, Xiang Huang, Xiulei Qin, Wenbo Zhang, Jun Wei et Hua Zhong. « Application-Level CPU Consumption Estimation : Towards Performance Isolation of Multi-tenancy Web Applications ». Dans 2012 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cloud.2012.81.
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Baril, Marc, Tom Benedict, Gregory Barrick et Kevin Ho. « Passive vibration isolation for SITELLE's closed cycle cooled cryostats ». Dans SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, sous la direction de Ramón Navarro, Colin R. Cunningham et Eric Prieto. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.925032.
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Wang, Lisheng, Zhiming Yu, Dongdong Zhang et Guofeng Qin. « Research on Multi-Cycle CPU Design Method of Computer Organization Principle Experiment ». Dans 2018 13th International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccse.2018.8468694.
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Liu, Xing, Linghao Fu, Wenbi Rao, Xiongmin Lin, Mingxi Liao et Bing Shi. « Multi-Cycle CPU Design With FPGA for Teaching of Computer Organization Principle ». Dans 2019 14th International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccse.2019.8845494.
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Sotiriou-Xanthopoulos, Efstathios, G. Shalina Percy Delicia, Peter Figuli, Kostas Siozios, George Economakos et Jurgen Becker. « A power estimation technique for cycle-accurate higher-abstraction SystemC-based CPU models ». Dans 2015 International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems : Architectures, Modeling and Simulation (SAMOS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/samos.2015.7363661.
Texte intégralRapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Isolation du cycle CPU"
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Epel, Bernard L., Roger N. Beachy, A. Katz, G. Kotlinzky, M. Erlanger, A. Yahalom, M. Erlanger et J. Szecsi. Isolation and Characterization of Plasmodesmata Components by Association with Tobacco Mosaic Virus Movement Proteins Fused with the Green Fluorescent Protein from Aequorea victoria. United States Department of Agriculture, septembre 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7573996.bard.
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The coordination and regulation of growth and development in multicellular organisms is dependent, in part, on the controlled short and long-distance transport of signaling molecule: In plants, symplastic communication is provided by trans-wall co-axial membranous tunnels termed plasmodesmata (Pd). Plant viruses spread cell-to-cell by altering Pd. This movement scenario necessitates a targeting mechanism that delivers the virus to a Pd and a transport mechanism to move the virion or viral nucleic acid through the Pd channel. The identity of host proteins with which MP interacts, the mechanism of the targeting of the MP to the Pd and biochemical information on how Pd are alter are questions which have been dealt with during this BARD project. The research objectives of the two labs were to continue their biochemical, cellular and molecular studies of Pd composition and function by employing infectious modified clones of TMV in which MP is fused with GFP. We examined Pd composition, and studied the intra- and intercellular targeting mechanism of MP during the infection cycle. Most of the goals we set for ourselves were met. The Israeli PI and collaborators (Oparka et al., 1999) demonstrated that Pd permeability is under developmental control, that Pd in sink tissues indiscriminately traffic proteins of sizes of up to 50 kDa and that during the sink to source transition there is a substantial decrease in Pd permeability. It was shown that companion cells in source phloem tissue export proteins which traffic in phloem and which unload in sink tissue and move cell to cell. The TAU group employing MP:GFP as a fluorescence probe for optimized the procedure for Pd isolation. At least two proteins kinases found to be associated with Pd isolated from source leaves of N. benthamiana, one being a calcium dependent protein kinase. A number of proteins were microsequenced and identified. Polyclonal antibodies were generated against proteins in a purified Pd fraction. A T-7 phage display library was created and used to "biopan" for Pd genes using these antibodies. Selected isolates are being sequenced. The TAU group also examined whether the subcellular targeting of MP:GFP was dependent on processes that occurred only in the presence of the virus or whether targeting was a property indigenous to MP. Mutant non-functional movement proteins were also employed to study partial reactions. Subcellular targeting and movement were shown to be properties indigenous to MP and that these processes do not require other viral elements. The data also suggest post-translational modification of MP is required before the MP can move cell to cell. The USA group monitored the development of the infection and local movement of TMV in N. benthamiana, using viral constructs expressing GFP either fused to the MP of TMV or expressing GFP as a free protein. The fusion protein and/or the free GFP were expressed from either the movement protein subgenomic promoter or from the subgenomic promoter of the coat protein. Observations supported the hypothesis that expression from the cp sgp is regulated differently than expression from the mp sgp (Szecsi et al., 1999). Using immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy, it was determined that paired wall-appressed bodies behind the leading edge of the fluorescent ring induced by TMV-(mp)-MP:GFP contain MP:GFP and the viral replicase. These data suggest that viral spread may be a consequence of the replication process. Observation point out that expression of proteins from the mp sgp is temporary regulated, and degradation of the proteins occurs rapidly or more slowly, depending on protein stability. It is suggested that the MP contains an external degradation signal that contributes to rapid degradation of the protein even if expressed from the constitutive cp sgp. Experiments conducted to determine whether the degradation of GFP and MP:GFP was regulated at the protein or RNA level, indicated that regulation was at the protein level. RNA accumulation in infected protoplast was not always in correlation with protein accumulation, indicating that other mechanisms together with RNA production determine the final intensity and stability of the fluorescent proteins.
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Chau, B., A. A. Sutherland et R. D. Baird. Life cycle costs for disposal and assured isolation of low-level radioactive waste in Connecticut. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mars 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/663357.
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Chejanovsky, Nor, et Suzanne M. Thiem. Isolation of Baculoviruses with Expanded Spectrum of Action against Lepidopteran Pests. United States Department of Agriculture, décembre 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7586457.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Our long-term goal is to learn to control (expand and restrict) the host range of baculoviruses. In this project our aim was to expand the host range of the prototype baculovirus Autographa cali/arnica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) towards American and Israeli pests. To achieve this objective we studied AcMNPV infection in the non-permissive hosts L. dispar and s. littoralis (Ld652Y and SL2 cells, respectively) as a model system and the major barriers to viral replication. We isolated recombinant baculoviruses with expanded infectivity towards L. dispar and S. littoralis and tested their infectivity towards other Lepidopteran pests. The restricted host range displayed by baculoviruses constitutes an obstacle to their further implementation in the control of diverse Lepidopteran pests, increasing the development costs. Our work points out that cellular defenses are major role blocks to AcMNPV replication in non- and semi-permissive hosts. Therefore a major determinant ofbaculovirus host range is the ability of the virus to effectively counter cellular defenses of host cells. This is exemplified by our findings showing tliat expressing the viral gene Ldhrf-l overcomes global translation arrest in AcMNPV -infected Ld652Y cells. Our data suggests that Ld652Y cells have two anti-viral defense pathways, because they are subject to global translation arrest when infected with AcMNPV carrying a baculovirus apoptotic suppressor (e.g., wild type AcMNPV carryingp35, or recombinant AcMNPV carrying Opiap, Cpiap. or p49 genes) but apoptose when infected with AcMNPV-Iacking a functional apoptotic suppressor. We have yet to elucidate how hrf-l precludes the translation arrest mechanism(s) in AcMNPV-infected Ld652Y cells. Ribosomal profiles of AcMNPV infected Ld652Y cells suggested that translation initiation is a major control point, but we were unable to rule-out a contribution from a block in translation elongation. Phosphorylation of eIF-2a did not appear to playa role in AcMNPV -induced translation arrest. Mutagenesis studies ofhrf-l suggest that a highly acidic domain plays a role in precluding translation arrest. Our findings indicate that translation arrest may be linked to apoptosis either through common sensors of virus infection or as a consequence of late events in the virus life-cycle that occur only if apoptosis is suppressed. ~ AcMNPV replicates poorly in SL2 cells and induces apoptosis. Our studies in AcMNPV - infected SL2ceils led us to conclude that the steady-state levels of lEI (product of the iel gene, major AcMNPV -transactivator and multifunctional protein) relative to those of the immediate early viral protein lEO, playa critical role in regulating the viral infection. By increasing the IEl\IEO ratio we achieved AcMNPV replication in S. littoralis and we were able to isolate recombinant AcMNPV s that replicated efficiently in S. lifforalis cells and larvae. Our data that indicated that AcMNPV - infection may be regulated by an interaction between IE 1 and lED (of previously unknown function). Indeed, we showed that IE 1 associates with lED by using protein "pull down" and immunoprecipitation approaches High steady state levels of "functional" IE 1 resulted in increased expression of the apoptosis suppressor p35 facilitating AcMNPV -replication in SL2 cells. Finally, we determined that lED accelerates the viral infection in AcMNPV -permissive cells. Our results show that expressing viral genes that are able to overcome the insect-pest defense system enable to expand baculovirus host range. Scientifically, this project highlights the need to further study the anti-viral defenses of invertebrates not only to maximi~e the possibilities for manipulating baculovirus genomes, but to better understand the evolutionary underpinnings of the immune systems of vertebrates towards virus infection.
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Seginer, Ido, Louis D. Albright et Robert W. Langhans. On-line Fault Detection and Diagnosis for Greenhouse Environmental Control. United States Department of Agriculture, février 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575271.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background Early detection and identification of faulty greenhouse operation is essential, if losses are to be minimized by taking immediate corrective actions. Automatic detection and identification would also free the greenhouse manager to tend to his other business. Original objectives The general objective was to develop a method, or methods, for the detection, identification and accommodation of faults in the greenhouse. More specific objectives were as follows: 1. Develop accurate systems models, which will enable the detection of small deviations from normal behavior (of sensors, control, structure and crop). 2. Using these models, develop algorithms for an early detection of deviations from the normal. 3. Develop identifying procedures for the most important faults. 4. Develop accommodation procedures while awaiting a repair. The Technion team focused on the shoot environment and the Cornell University team focused on the root environment. Achievements Models: Accurate models were developed for both shoot and root environment in the greenhouse, utilizing neural networks, sometimes combined with robust physical models (hybrid models). Suitable adaptation methods were also successfully developed. The accuracy was sufficient to allow detection of frequently occurring sensor and equipment faults from common measurements. A large data base, covering a wide range of weather conditions, is required for best results. This data base can be created from in-situ routine measurements. Detection and isolation: A robust detection and isolation (formerly referred to as 'identification') method has been developed, which is capable of separating the effect of faults from model inaccuracies and disturbance effects. Sensor and equipment faults: Good detection capabilities have been demonstrated for sensor and equipment failures in both the shoot and root environment. Water stress detection: An excitation method of the shoot environment has been developed, which successfully detected water stress, as soon as the transpiration rate dropped from its normal level. Due to unavailability of suitable monitoring equipment for the root environment, crop faults could not be detected from measurements in the root zone. Dust: The effect of screen clogging by dust has been quantified. Implications Sensor and equipment fault detection and isolation is at a stage where it could be introduced into well equipped and maintained commercial greenhouses on a trial basis. Detection of crop problems requires further work. Dr. Peleg was primarily responsible for developing and implementing the innovative data analysis tools. The cooperation was particularly enhanced by Dr. Peleg's three summer sabbaticals at the ARS, Northem Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, in Sidney, Montana. Switching from multi-band to hyperspectral remote sensing technology during the last 2 years of the project was advantageous by expanding the scope of detected plant growth attributes e.g. Yield, Leaf Nitrate, Biomass and Sugar Content of sugar beets. However, it disrupted the continuity of the project which was originally planned on a 2 year crop rotation cycle of sugar beets and multiple crops (com and wheat), as commonly planted in eastern Montana. Consequently, at the end of the second year we submitted a continuation BARD proposal which was turned down for funding. This severely hampered our ability to validate our findings as originally planned in a 4-year crop rotation cycle. Thankfully, BARD consented to our request for a one year extension of the project without additional funding. This enabled us to develop most of the methodology for implementing and running the hyperspectral remote sensing system and develop the new analytical tools for solving the non-repeatability problem and analyzing the huge hyperspectral image cube datasets. However, without validation of these tools over a ful14-year crop rotation cycle this project shall remain essentially unfinished. Should the findings of this report prompt the BARD management to encourage us to resubmit our continuation research proposal, we shall be happy to do so.
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Mizrach, Amos, Michal Mazor, Amots Hetzroni, Joseph Grinshpun, Richard Mankin, Dennis Shuman, Nancy Epsky et Robert Heath. Male Song as a Tool for Trapping Female Medflies. United States Department of Agriculture, décembre 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7586535.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This interdisciplinaray work combines expertise in engineering and entomology in Israel and the US, to develop an acoustic trap for mate-seeking female medflies. Medflies are among the world's most economically harmful pests, and monitoring and control efforts cost about $800 million each year in Israel and the US. Efficient traps are vitally important tools for medfly quarantine and pest management activities; they are needed for early detection, for predicting dispersal patterns and for estimating medfly abundance within infested regions. Early detection facilitates rapid response to invasions, in order to contain them. Prediction of dispersal patterns facilitates preemptive action, and estimates of the pests' abundance lead to quantification of medfly infestations and control efforts. Although olfactory attractants and traps exist for capturing male and mated female medflies, there are still no satisfactorily efficient means to attract and trap virgin and remating females (a significant and dangerous segment of the population). We proposed to explore the largely ignored mechanism of female attraction to male song that the flies use in courtship. The potential of such an approach is indicated by studies under this project. Our research involved the identification, isolation, and augmentation of the most attractive components of male medfly songs and the use of these components in the design and testing of traps incorporating acoustic lures. The project combined expertise in acoustic engineering and instrumentation, fruit fly behavior, and integrated pest management. The BARD support was provided for 1 year to enable proof-of-concept studies, aimed to determine: 1) whether mate-seeking female medflies are attracted to male songs; and 2) over what distance such attraction works. Male medfly calling song was recorded during courtship. Multiple acoustic components of male song were examined and tested for synergism with substrate vibrations produced by various surfaces, plates and loudspeakers, with natural and artificial sound playbacks. A speaker-funnel system was developed that focused the playback signal to reproduce as closely as possible the near-field spatial characteristics of the sounds produced by individual males. In initial studies, the system was tasted by observing the behavior of females while the speaker system played songs at various intensities. Through morning and early afternoon periods of peak sexual activity, virgin female medflies landed on a sheet of filter paper at the funnel outlet and stayed longer during broadcasting than during the silent part of the cycle. In later studies, females were captured on sticky paper at the funnel outlet. The mean capture rates were 67 and 44%, respectively, during sound emission and silent control periods. The findings confirmed that female trapping was improved if a male calling song was played. The second stage of the research focused on estimating the trapping range. Initial results indicated that the range possibly extended to 70 cm, but additional, verification tests remain to be conducted. Further studies are planned also to consider effects of combining acoustic and pheromonal cues.