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1
Cloud, Mary Katherine. « The effect of the internet on foreign direct investment an impirical analysis ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28556.
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2
Nezhad, Mashaallah. « An Examination of the Economic and Legal Aspects of Foreign investments in the Iranian Oil and Gas Industry ». Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495932.
Texte intégralRésumé :
For more than 35 years Iran has utilised the service contract and Buy-Back in its dealings with international oil companies to develop its upstream oil and gas industry. This form of contract has been used mainly because certain restrictions that regulate the manner of dealing between the Government and the companies are set down in the Oil Acts. In this thesis, deterministic and stochastic models, including Monte Carlo simulation, are applied to the Buy-Back contract. The results derived from data from Iranian oil fields highlight serious shortcomings of the Buy-Back contract. They show that there is an extremely small upside potential for international oil companies and a failure to achieve maximum economic recovery for the Government over the life of the oil fields that have been exploited. The results of our deterministic and stochastic PSC model show that PSC has flexible structure when key variables change; the government share of economic rent and the government and contractor upside potential are quite high, while at the same time the contractor and government downside risk is reasonable. Under such conditions there is a greater incentive for contractor to maximum production from each field because this in turn increases his share of the profit. There are significant formal differences between the Buy-Back contract and the Production Sharing contract. However, the thesis shows that the Expediency council has been prepared to import flexibility into the operation of legal principles if certain important social goals can thereby be better achieved. This thesis suggests that such flexibility is required in the approach of the Iranian legal system.
3
Haque, Mohua. « An Empirical Analysis of U.S. Foreign Direct Investment and Exports of Processed Food Industries ». Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29869.
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This study examined the determinants of U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) and exports of processed food. This study also examined the impact of U.S. FDI on U.S. exports on processed food. FDI and export models used for estimation in this study were based on the cost-minimizing production function. The analysis focused on ten countries for the period of 1989-2004. Four of them were Asian countries: India, Japan, South Korea, and Thailand. Six of them were European countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy,
Spain, and the United Kingdom. The model was estimated using the two-way error component three-stage least squares (EC3SLS) method. Results from this study show that U.S. FDI and U.S. exports of processed food are complements. Major factors affecting U.S. FDI in the processing industry are GDP, GDP per capita, exchange rate, tariff rate, labor compensation cost, interest rate, and distance. Major factors affecting U.S. exports in the processed food industry are GDP, distance, and GDP from the agri-sector.
4
Fulton, Mark Hugh John. « Why has South Africa been relatively unsuccessful at attracting inward foreign direct investment since 1994 ? » Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013056.
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Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows into South Africa have been very low for several decades, and this research examines the reason(s) why this has been the case since 1994. There is a common belief amongst economists that there is a positive relationship between the amount of FDI received and economic growth, thus the desire to attract greater FDI inflows. A literature review was conducted to establish the determinants of FDI globally and then data were collected and assessed to test which causes are most important. The performance of developing nations in attracting FDI was first compared with that of the developed nations. Thereafter, a regional breakdown of FDI flows was presented, with a particular focus on the Southern African region. FDI inflows to South Africa since 1994 were compared against the identified determinants of FDI, as well as with FDI inflows into two other major mining economies, Chile and Botswana. The friendliness of the government towards business was identified as a significant determinant of FDI inflows and the importance of this factor in explaining FDI inflows into environment in South Africa was looked at in more depth. It was found that many investors perceive the South African government as hostile towards business and as corrupt and/or inefficient. The empirical results show that this negative perception helps explain the FDI inflows attracted by South Africa since 1994. Therefore, increased friendliness to business by the government should increase future inward FDI flows into South Africa.
5
Kent, Avidan. « International trade, investment, and climate change : a tale of legal and institutional fragmentation ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648583.
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6
Swana, Leonard Sandile. « Talent management by the East London IDZ to lever the competitive edge ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015982.
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Talent in the field of attraction of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is scarce in South Africa, especially in the Eastern Cape, due to the history of exclusion of South Africa from world economic participation, prior to 1994. In order for the ELIDZ to achieve its mandate of FDI attraction, job creation and economic growth, talent management has to be a key aspect in the boardroom discussions and strategic planning sessions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effective use of talent management by the East London IDZ to leverage the competitive edge of the ELIDZ in the business of attracting Foreign Direct Investment into South Africa, and also of competing against the world’s Economic Processing Zones (EPZ’s) and Free Trade Zones (FTZ’s). According to Holbeche (2009:166), talent consists of those individuals who can make a difference to organisational performance, either through their immediate contribution, or, in the longer term, by demonstrating the highest level of potential. For the purpose of this study, talent management is defined as the systematic attraction, identification, development, engagement / retention and deployment of those individuals with high potential who are of particular value to an organisation. The literature reviewed pointed out very clearly that organisations that have properly developed, implemented and managed talent management strategies enjoy high levels of motivation, innovation and creativity, lesser levels of staff turn-over, high employee performance, superior productivity and mostly a competitive advantage in their league. The East London IDZ study response enjoyed a rate of 40 out of 54 employees who received questionnaires and returned them by the due date. The responses represented a total of 74.1 percent, and this level of response is attributed to the fact that by the end of May 2011, the ELIDZ had just undergone an Organisational Re-structuring. The current status quo of the ELIDZ, based on the views as reflected in this study ,is very compromising for an organisation that aims to compete in the global space for the attraction and retention of foreign direct investment (FDI’s), and the global competitiveness based on the talent available. The overall picture depicted by the empirical results suggests that there are critical gaps for which the ELIDZ Executive Management and Board need to craft solutions, if competitiveness is going to be taken seriously in the near and long-term future.
7
Zhu, Yi. « Aspects of foreign direct investment and economic development : an analytical and empirical study ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494785.
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8
Matiza, Tafadzwa. « The influence of non-financial nation brand image dimensions on foreign direct investment inflows in Zimbabwe ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8902.
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How a country is perceived by foreign investors is becoming increasingly significant to the ability of individual countries to attract foreign direct investment into their economies. In Africa, existing negative perceptions of the continent as an investment destination have been considered as an obstacle for foreign direct investment inflows to the continent in general. Although Zimbabwe offers foreign investors multiple lucrative investment opportunities, attracting foreign direct investment to the country presents a unique challenge due to the image of the country post the 1998-2008 economic crisis. Despite the vast research on the determinants of foreign direct inflows to particular countries, little is known about whether non-financial image-related factors influence the inflow of foreign direct investment to a particular country, especially a country with a unfavourable global image like Zimbabwe. The primary objective of this study was therefore to determine the perceived non-financial nation brand image factors considered to be influential for attracting specific foreign direct investment inflow opportunities in Zimbabwe. A comprehensive literature review resulted in the identification of nine independent variables (tourism, governance, people, culture and heritage, exports, investment and immigration, factor endowments, infrastructure, and legal and regulation frameworks), as well as four dependent variables (market-, resource-, efficiency- and strategic asset-seeking foreign direct investment inflow opportunities in Zimbabwe). A hypothesised model was developed in order to examine whether the independent variables have an influence on the dependent variables, and as a result nine hypotheses were formulated to test the relationships between the nine independent variables and each of the four dependent variables. A cross-sectional, quantitative deductive approach to research was employed in order to generate the data required for hypothesis testing. Purposive sampling techniques were employed to draw the sample frame for the study. A self-administered online survey was conducted, and generated empirical data from a final sample comprised of 305 investors who had applied to invest in Zimbabwe through the Zimbabwe Investment Authority between January 2009 and April 2015. Data was analysed using STATISTICA 12 software. Exploratory factor analysis was utilised to extract the constructs and validate the measuring instrument. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated in order to test the reliability and internal consistency of the measuring instrument. As a result, a total of six valid and reliable independent variables, and four dependent variables were retained for further analysis. The results of the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients revealed mostly moderate correlations. The Multi-Collinearity diagnostics test confirmed the absence of collinearity between the independent variables and dependent variables respectively. Subsequently, the results of the four sets of multiple regression analyses, disclosed thirteen statistically significant relationships between the six independent variables and the four categorical dependent variables. Tourism had significant relationships with market-, efficiency- and strategic asset-seeking FDI inflow opportunities. Government actions had significant relationships with resource- and strategic asset-seeking FDI inflow opportunities. People had significant relationships with resource- and efficiency- seeking FDI inflow opportunities. Export had significant relationships with market-, resource-, efficiency- and strategic asset-seeking FDI inflow opportunities. Regulatory framework had significant relationships with market- and resource-seeking FDI inflow opportunities. The results of the Analysis of Variance revealed that investor status can be used to predict which non-financial nation brand image determinants played a role in the ultimate decision for taking up foreign direct investment opportunities in Zimbabwe. Further analysis of the role that the demographic profiles of the investors played in predicting which non-financial nation brand image determinants are considered influential in taking up foreign direct investment opportunities in Zimbabwe was confirmed in the Multivariate Analysis of Variance with thirty-four statically significant relationships identified. Further analysis by means of post-hoc Scheffé testing and Cohen’s d-values calculations confirm that thirty-nine practically significant mean differences were evident. This study makes a novel contribution to the empirical body of nation branding, foreign direct investment and investment promotion research by developing and testing a hypothetical model that synthesises facets of the three fields of study. This study represents a new discourse in the identification of the determinants of FDI (that being non-financial determinants) and provides an explanatory framework for the non-financial nation brand image determinants influencing each type of FDI inflow opportunity sought in Zimbabwe. It is within this framework that recommendations, based on empirical evidence, are made for the Government of Zimbabwe and the Zimbabwe Investment Authority. Some of these recommendations could be implemented within the short-term, while others may be more strategic in the long term. Recommendations made include that the Government of Zimbabwe undertakes significant policy reviews, continues its engagement with key external stakeholders such as other governments, supra-national financial institutions, and foreign investors, as well as adhering to existing favourable FDI policies. It is also recommended that the Zimbabwe Investment Authority adopt an intermediary role, by linking the Government of Zimbabwe with potential foreign investors through investor targeting, as well as promoting Zimbabwe as an investment destination by engaging in image-building activities such as public diplomacy, investor relations, specialised advertising and hosting investor forums with multiple, distinct investor segments. These image-building activities should be centered on the non-financial nation brand image determinants that foreign investors consider to be influential to foreign direct investment in Zimbabwe, and should be geared towards improving and managing the perceived image of Zimbabwe as an investment destination.
9
Rinaldi, Patrícia Nogueira. « Estados e Fundos Soberanos de Riqueza = instrumentos de retrocesso ou avanço da globalização financeira ? » [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279371.
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Orientador: Sebastião Carlos Velasco e CruzDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T20:32:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rinaldi_PatriciaNogueira_M.pdf: 1872331 bytes, checksum: e9f436b9c10b0c7533d976906618d7d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: Essa dissertação se debruça sobre o fenômeno dos fundos soberanos de riqueza, definidos como veículos de aplicações financeiras estatais realizadas prioritariamente no exterior. O principal problema analisado refere-se aos impactos dessa intervenção estatal, uma vez que os Estados se configuram, por meio dos FSR, como verdadeiros players do sistema financeiro internacional, apresentando sérias implicações para o processo de globalização financeira, especialmente após, pelo menos, três décadas de promoção de princípios de redução do papel do Estado nos mercados. Busca-se entender se os FSR seriam instrumentos de retrocesso ou de avanço da globalização financeira em torno de três eixos de discussão: da análise das precondições para o surgimento dos FSR, que apontam para uma mudança na divisão internacional do trabalho; da análise dos motivos que levam os países a criarem FSR, que apontam para uma mudança na configuração da autoridade estatal no processo de globalização financeira; e da análise do processo regulatório dos FSR, que aponta para o controle de medidas protecionistas dos países receptores contra esses investimentos estatais. A discussão é embasada por uma categorização das principais características de trinta FSR selecionados
Abstract: This dissertation investigates the sovereign wealth funds (SWFs), which are vehicles for governments' financial investments, allocated priory in foreign financial assets. The main problem under concern refers to state intervention as long as states are truly players in the international financial system. It represents major repercussions for the financial globalization process, especially after the massive promotion of principles such as state retrenchment. Therefore, it is investigated if SWFs are stumbling blocks or stepping stones to financial globalization, in a three-basis discussion: analysis of the pre-conditions for SWFs development as a result of rearrangements in the international division of labor; analysis of the purposes for creating a SWF as a result of rearrangements in the states authorities in relation to financial globalization; and analysis of SWF regulation process against protectionism actions from recipient countries. The discussion is supported by a categorization of the main characteristics from thirty selected funds
Mestrado
Economia Política Internacional
Mestre em Ciência Política
10
Tessema, Samuel Tilahun. « Competition to attract foreign direct investment through tax incentives as a threat for the realisation of socio-economics in Africa ». Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/8064.
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The main objective of the study is to show how the use of tax incentives as
means of attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is threatening the realisation of socio-economic rights in
Africa.
Particular attention is given on how the granting of generous tax incentives can affect the proper and adequate provision of public services and infrastructures by highly reducing government revenue. The
research does not intend to analyse the impact of loss of revenue through tax
incentives on each and every socio-economic right. Rather the focus is on its
general impact on obligations of African states to respect, protect and fulfill socio-economic rights as derived from the major international, regional and national
human rights instrumentsThesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2008.
A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Mr Pramod Bissessur, Faculty of Law and Management, University of Mauritius
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
11
Duncan, Stewart M. « Political risk analysis and economic reform : investing in the Indian electricity sector ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49776.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The definition of political risk and the methodology of its assessment have changed since the inception of the discipline midway through the last century. This assignment assesses the usefulness of a new quantitative technique that uses political constraints and the policy preferences of political actors to construct a measure of political risk. Integrating the findings of the resulting Political Constraints Index with an analysis of the political economy of the Indian Electricity Sector, the assignment demonstrates that, contrary to the original interpretations of the index, high levels of political constraints and political competition may propagate a disabling policy regime and be detrimental to the investor, despite the stated commitment of the incumbent government to policy reform. The implication of these findings is that, to avoid incorrect interpretation, the Political Constraint Index should be augmented by a comprehensive qualitative assessment of the industry in question.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die definisie van politieke risiko en die metodologie om dit te ontleed, het verander sedert die onstaan van hierdie dissipline gedurende die middel van die laaste eeu. Hierdie opdrag ontleed die nuttigheid van 'n nuwe kwantitatiewe tegniek wat die politieke beperkings en beleidsvoorkeure van politieke rolspelers gebruik om 'n maatstaf van politieke risiko te verskaf. Die opdrag se integrasie van die bevindinge van die resulterende Politieke Beperkings Indeks met 'n analise van die politieke ekonomie van die Indiese Elektrisiteits Sektor bewys dat, teenstrydig met oorspronklike interpretasies van die indeks, hoe vlakke van politieke beperkings en politieke kompetisie 'n deaktiveringsbeleid regime kan kweek wat nadelig is vir die belegger, ten spyte van die huidige regering se verklaarde toegewydheid tot beleidshervorming. Die implikasie van hierdie bevindinge is dat, om foutiewe interpretasie te vermy, die Politieke Beperkings Indeks verbeter moet word deur 'n omvattende kwalitatiewe ontleding van die verlangde industrie.
12
Moses, Misty. « Who Benefits ? The Effects of Foreign Aid and Foreign Direct Investment on Human Rights ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3637/.
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The global emphasis on human rights has generated a surge of studies into what causes regimes to abuse the basic rights of their citizens. Causes of abuse can be internal or external in nature, based on economics, politics or cultures. This study examines the effects of foreign aid and foreign direct investment on three types of human rights: personal integrity, civil and political, and subsistence. I perform ordinary least squares regression analyses with panel-corrected standard errors on a pooled cross-sectional time series design incorporating 127 countries from 1976 to 1996. While my results are not significant, it is important to observe that there is a tendency toward negative relationships for the majority of the analyses.
13
Prater, Edmund. « Essays on the globalization of supply chains and the financial drivers of logistics outsourcing ». Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29511.
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Chinje, Nathalie Beatrice. « The economic impact of MTN's involvement in Cameroon ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/803.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The motive for this research was to provide clarity on the increasingly divergent opinions on the role and behaviour of South African companies in the rest of the African continent. The key question that can be asked is: “Are South African investments, saviour or villain of African Development” (Thomas, 2007)? Are they “exporting Apartheid” (Mkhabela, 2007) or are the fears raised against South African companies unfounded? The primary research objective of this study is to assess MTN-C’s contribution to the economic development of Cameroon. The specific research questions addressed in this study are: 1. What are the possible areas of economic impact? 2. How can the effects of MTN-C’s presence in Cameroon be measured—both qualitatively and quantitatively? 3. What recommendations can be made to MTN-C? To answer these questions, the researcher takes a multi-dimensional view of the economic impact across eight areas, viz., inflow of foreign direct capital, interaction with government, training and development of local staff, employment creation, local procurement, spread of local shareholding, the local mobile communications sector and corporate social investment initiatives. She assesses each of the above-mentioned eight elements and then draws some conclusions on what is perceived to be the true effect of MTN-C’s investments in Cameroon. After close to three years of in-depth research, which included several trips to Cameroon, in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, direct observation, group discussions and survey research, it can be concluded that MTN-C has indeed had a positive impact in areas like Corporate Social Investment, training and development of local staff, employment creation and the inflow of foreign capital. However, much still needs to be done. The areas that have been identified as weak include the development of local suppliers, the interaction with government and the spread of local shareholding.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie is gemotiveer deur die soeke na groter helderheid met betrekking tot uiteenlopende beoordelings van die rol en optrede van Suid-Afrikaanse ondernemings in die res van die Afrika-kontinent. Die kernvraag is: “Are South African investments saviour or villains of African development?” (Thomas, 2007) Is hulle besig om apartheid “uit te voer” (Mkhabela, 2007) of is dié vrese teenoor Suid-Afrikaanse ondernemings ongegrond? Die primêre navorsingsoogmerk is die beoordeling van MTN Cameroon se bydrae tot die ekonomiese ontwikkeling in Kameroen. Spesifiek drie vrae word aangespreek. 1. Watter dimensies word ingesluit in ‘n studie van die “ekonomiese impak”? 2. Hoe kan die invloed van MTN Cameroon se teenwoordigheid in dié land gemeet word – sowel kwalitatief asook kwantitatief? 3. Watter aanbevelings kan op grond van dié beoordelings aan die maatskappy gemaak word? Om hierdie vrae te beantwoord word ‘n multi-dimensionele benadering gevolg, gebaseer op agt verskillende invloed-gebiede. Hulle sluit in die invloei van buitelandse kaptiaal, interaksie met die regering, opleiding en ontwikkeling van plaaslike werknemers, werkskepping, plaaslike aankope, die verspreiding van plaaslike aandeelhouding, die mobiele kommunikasiebedryf en sosiale investerings-inisiatiewe. Elkeen van dié elemente word ontleed op grond van vraelys-reaksies en ander insigte. Dit lei tot gevolgtrekkings op elkeen van die vlakke, wat tesame die volle omvang van die betrokkenheid weerspieël. Na drie jaar se interaksie van die navorser met Kameroen, diepte-onderhoude met vername rolspelers, direkte waarnemings, groepbesprekings en 40 voltooide vraelyste kom sy tot die gevolgtrekking dat MTN Cameroon wel ‘n positiewe rol speel in gebiede soos korporatiewe sosiale investerings, opleiding, werkskepping en die invloei van kapitaal, maar dat daar nog heelwat ruimte vir verbeterings is, veral wat plaaslike aankope, interaksie met die regering en plaaslike aandeelhouding betref.
15
Ju, Jing. « How does FDI affect the environment in China : evidence from provincial panel data ». Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2161848.
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Du, Toit Francois Stephanus. « Olie : hoop of wanhoop vir Angola ? » Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/824.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The increasing global demand for and dependency on oil provides tremendous opportunities for oil-producing countries. Supported by the unprecedented economic growth in developing countries such as China and India, the global demand for oil is estimated to increase by 50% from the present 83 million barrels a day to 120 million barrels a day by 2025. This increased demand for oil provides the African oil industry with vast possibilities. Countries such as Angola, Cameroon and Nigeria are already experiencing a large increase in direct foreign investment, a higher Gross National Product en more favourable balance of trade. The logical conclusion from the abovementioned advantages of oil-rich countries would seem to imply a sharp rise in the standard of living for the citizens of these countries in the recent past. The purpose of this report is to determine if Angola, as the world’s fastest growing oil-producer in terms of increased production of barrels per day, offers its citizens an economically prosperous future. Points highlighted by the report include the inevitable problems caused by Angola’s colonial history and the recent twenty seven year long civil war. Angola faces internal and external problems caused by • “Dutch Disease” • Fluctuating oil prices • Poor governance • Institutional capacity China now plays an important if somewhat controversial role in Angola’s prosperity by providing finance and aid with less stringent conditions than Angola’s traditional sources. With Chinese aid Angola is now undertaking the rebuilding of its infrastructure which is essential to counteract the negative aspects of the country’s dependency on oil resource exploitation. There is still significant corruption within the oil industry and it seems clear that any attempts by international companies and non-governmental organisations to counteract the problem will have limited success unless the governments and all concerned parties take note of and accept new ethical and socially responsible codes of behaviour. Africa however is entering a new phase of accepting responsibility for its own internal problems. The democratisation of the continent is setting new standards for the fight against corruption. Finally the report indicates that there are lessons to be learned from other countries about using income from natural resources to benefit future generations. Countries such as Botswana (diamonds) and Norway (oil) use investment funds to limit their dependence on the resources and to counteract the effect of fluctuating prices of the commodities. Bearing in mind the above considerations, Angola cannot be expected to achieve success overnight, but the country has all that is required to eventually assume its rightful position on the continent and become another African economic success story.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die wêreld se toenemende vraag na- en afhanklikheid van olie bied tans geweldige geleenthede vir olie-produserende lande. Daar word beraam dat die wêreldwye vraag na olie, gesteun deur ongekende ekonomiese groei in ontwikkelende lande soos China en Indië, met meer as 50% van die huidige vlak van 83 miljoen vate per dag teen 2025 tot 120 miljoen vate per dag sal toeneem. Die moontlikhede wat hierdie verhoogde vraag vir die oliebedryf in Afrika bied, is legio. Lande soos Angola, Kameroen en Nigerië ondervind reeds ʼn groot toename in direkte buitelandse investering, ’n verhoging in bruto binnelandse produk en gunstiger handelsbalanse. In die lig van bogenoemde voordele vir lande wat ryk is aan oliehulpbronne, sou die logiese afleiding wees dat die lewenstandaard van die burgers van hierdie lande die afgelope paar jaar drasties moes verhoog het. Hierdie verslag het dit ten doel om te sien of Angola, wat die wêreld se vinnigs groeiende olieprodusent in terme van verhoogde produksie in vate per dag is, werklik sy burgers ekonomiese voorspoed vir die toekoms bied. Belangrike punte wat in die verslag na vore kom, is die onvermydelike probleme waarmee Angola te kampe het weens die land se historiese agtergrond en die onlangse burgeroorlog van sewe-en-twintig jaar. Interne en eksterne probleme wat Angola teister is die gevolge van • “Dutch Disease” • Skommelende oliepryse • Swak staatsbestuur • Institusionele kapasiteit China is ’n nuwe, hoewel ietwat kontroversiële, faktor in Angola se vooruitgang en stel minder beperkende voorwaardes as Angola se tradisionele bronne vir finansiering en hulpverlening. Met Chinese hulp is Angola nou besig met die heropbou van sy infrastruktuur, wat noodsaaklik is as hy die negatiewe aspekte van die land se afhanlikheid van olie-ontginning wil afskud. Korrupsie binne die oliebedryf is egter nog beduidend en dit is duidelik dat die pogings van internasionale maatskappye en nie-regeringsorganisasies om die probleem die hoof te bied, beperk sal bly tensy die regerings en alle belanghebbende partye kennis neem van nuwe etiese en sosiaal verantwoordelike optredes en dit aanvaar. Afrika gaan deur ’n nuwe fase waar die vasteland self verantwoordelikheid aanvaar vir sy interne probleme. Die demokratisering van die vasteland behels die aanvaarding van nuwe standaarde ten opsigte van die bekamping van korrupsie. Ten slotte noem die verslag dat daar lesse te leer is van ander lande wat hul inkomste uit hulpbron-ontginning tot voordeel van toekomstige geslagte aanwend. Lande soos Botswana (diamante) en Noorweë (olie) maak gebruik van beleggingsfondse om die land se afhanklikheid van die hulpbron te beperk en om die uitwerking van prysskommelings van die kommoditeit teen te werk. Met inagneming van bogenoemde oorwegings kan nie verwag word dat Angola oornag ekonomiese sukses sal behaal nie, maar die land het alles wat nodig is om mettertyd sy regmatige plek op die vasteland in te neem en na vore te tree as nog ’n ekonomiese suksesverhaal uit Afrika.
17
Van, Zyl Stefan Daniel. « The diplomacy of multinational corporations (MNCs) : bargaining with developing states ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50137.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This assignment investigates the bargaining relationship between multinational corporations (MNCs) and developing countries. The units of analysis of this study in Global Political Economy are MNCs (non-state actors) and nation-states. In the contemporary global production structure the 'balance of power' between MNCs and developing countries has shifted in favour of MNCs. Descriptive secondary sources were used to illustrate the MNC-State bargaining relationship in telecommunications privatisation in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the contemporary global economy nation-states only rarely still compete for territory, but rather for wealth-creating activities to be located within their borders. Important changes in the global production structure have resulted in the increased mobility and economic power of MNCs. These developments have affected the strategic relationship between MNCs and nation-states and the former have used their advantage to gain preferential treatment in the bargaining process. The nation-states are also competing amongst themselves for the investment and technology and knowledge transfers from these firms. Privatisation programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa have substantially increased MNC participation on the continent, which has been historically marginalised from global foreign direct investment receipts. Research has shown that MNC participation in infrastructure service provision is more efficient than government ownership. However, this does not constitute a loss of sovereignty, but rather emphasises the changing role of nation-states as facilitators of global market relations. On examination, the distinct bargaining relationship in telecommunications privatisation clearly illustrates the dependence of Sub-Saharan African countries on technologically advanced MNCs. Thus, the 'balance of power' has shifted more to MNCs in the global political economy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsingswerkstuk ondersoek die bedingingsverhouding tussen multinasionale korporasies (MNKs) en ontwikkelende lande. Die ondersoekeenhede in die studie van die Globale Politieke Ekonomie is MNKs (nie-staatrolspelers) en regeringstate. In die huidige globale produksiestruktuur het die mag tussen MNKs en ontwikkelende lande verander sodat die MNKs nou die magsoorwig het. Beskrywende sekondêre bronne is gebruik om die MNK-regeringstaat se bedingingsverhouding in telekommunikasie privatisering in Sub-Sahara Afrika te illustreer. In die teenswoordige globale ekonomie kompeteer regeringstate selde met mekaar om territoriale mag, maar oorwegend om welvaartskeppende bedrywe binne hul grense aan te moedig. Belangrike veranderings in die globale produksiestruktuur het MNKs se mobiliteit en ekonomiese mag verhoog. Hierdie ontwikkelinge het die strategiese verhouding tussen MNKs en regeringstate verander. MNKs gebruik hierdie invloed om voordeel te trek uit regeringstate wat kompeteer vir belegging en die tegnologie- en kennisoordrag van hierdie korporasies. Privatiseringsprogramme in Sub-Sahara Afrika het MNK-deelname op die kontinent verhoog, wat histories gemarginaliseer is van buitelandse direkte belegging. Navorsing dui daarop dat MNKs se deelname in infrastruktuurdienslewering meer doeltreffend is, as wanneer dit onder staatsbeheer is. Dit lei egter nie tot 'n verlies aan soeweriniteit nie, maar beklemtoon die regeringstaat se veranderde rol as fasiliteerder van globale markverhoudinge. Die ondersoek na die uitsonderlike bedingingsverhouding in die privatisering van telekommunikasie beklemtoon Sub-Sahara Afrika se afhanklikheid van tegnologies-ontwikkelde MNKs. Die magsbalans het gevolglik na die MNKs oorskuif in die globale politieke ekonomie.
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Reiter, Sandra L. « The institutions of foreign direct investment in developing countries and social/economic outcomes : a justice perspective / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8708.
Texte intégral
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Muruko, Veundjua. « Foreign direct investments and economic growth in Namibia ». Thesis, Swansea University, 2013. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42797.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In capital-scarce low income economies, FDI is seen as a stable and important source of financing for developing economies. FDI is therefore expected to generate effects on the country's economic growth potential. However, despite the long history of FDI, it was only after 1990 that Sub-Saharan African countries experienced vast increase in FDI inflows into the region. Evidence of effectiveness of such flows has remained debateable, particularly with the dominance of cross-country studies in such enquiry. With yet no existing country study for Namibia, this research investigates the relationship between FDI and economic growth in the country and the determinants of FDI flows to Namibia. The methodologies adopted in this study are mainly based on co-integration analysis. In order to investigate the impact of FDI on economic growth we employ co-integration tests and estimate both long-run effects and short-run dynamics using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The study also extends co-integration testing by applying the asymmetric (ARDL) model to test for asymmetry. The standard co-integration tests are also appropriately used to investigate the macroeconomic determinants of FDI flows to Namibia. Appropriate econometric procedure has also been employed to examine the sector level FDI and economic growth using a dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) model and mean-group (MG) estimation, to consider for the assumptions of both a homogeneity and heterogeneity case across units. Arising from a pluralistic analytical framework involving a triangulation of econometric estimation approaches, the study finds that FDI in Namibia is significant in promoting economic growth in the country. In terms of the impact on growth, the results show a positive relationship between FDI and economic growth. They also indicate that FDI consistently exerts a positive impact on growth when we incorporate trade openness, inflation and gross fixed capital formation in the analysis. This proves that these variables are indeed important in explaining economic growth in the long-run in the country and its development. With respect to the analysis, the study extended upon the linear framework to allow for the detection of asymmetric effects both in the short and long-run, as not to limit the study to the assumption of a linear paradigm only. The results show no evidence of asymmetric pattern in the relationship between FDI and economic growth. Meaning, the responsiveness of economic growth to FDI flow variations is linear. In terms of the macroeconomic determinant of FDI in Namibia the study finds that the potential market size, interest rates, initial level of income, labour force, the provision of infrastructural facilities and inflation are important determinants of FDI into the country. Although openness is found to be positive it is insignificant in determining FDI to Namibia. This could possibly act as a deterrent and as such the institutional set up's for the export and investment promotion services need a criterion for a successful export and investment support function in order to increase FDI inflows into the country and remove such factors that could inhibit such flows. In terms of sector specific FDI and economic growth the results show a co-integrating relationship. Therefore, there is long run relationship in conformity with the study hypothesis. Accounting for causality the study finds feedback effects between FDI and economic growth both in the short and long-run. Furthermore, the study also finds that FDI to Namibia is not only resource seeking but that Namibia has seen an increase in market-seeking and efficiency seeking foreign investors. As such, differentiated efforts towards attracting different forms of FDI flows to varied sectors are crucial if the economic significance of FDI is to be improved in Namibia.
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Huang, Ling-ling. « The econometric analysis of economic growth : three essays / ». Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9906476.
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Wang, Miao. « Essays on foreign direct investment / ». view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3095283.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-88). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
22
Ljungwall, Christer. « Essays on China's economic performance during the reform period ». Göteborg : Dep. of Economics, School of Economics and Commercial Law, Göteborg Univ, 2003. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=010454709&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Щербаченко, Вікторія Олексіївна, Виктория Алексеевна Щербаченко, Viktoriia Oleksiivna Shcherbachenko, K. V. Hnatenko et T. Y. Makarenko. « The role of foreign direct investments in economic national security ». Thesis, Національна металургійна академія України, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66685.
Texte intégralRésumé :
У тезах проаналізовано переваги і недоліки прямих іноземних інвестиції для економіки країни. Авторами визначено вплив прямих іноземних інвестицій на економічну національну безпеку держави. Надано рекомендації щодо політики уряду, що стосується залучення прямих іноземних інвестицій.В тезисах проанализированы преимущества и недостатки прямых иностранных инвестиций для экономики страны. Авторами определено влияние прямых иностранных инвестиций на экономическую национальную безопасность государства. Даны рекомендации относительно политики правительства, касающееся привлечения прямых иностранных инвестиций.
The article is devoted to analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of foreign direct investment for the country's economy. The authors determine the impact of foreign direct investment on the economic national security of the state. Recommendations on government policy related to attracting foreign direct investment are given.
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Yang, Dexin 1960. « Transaction efficiency, division of labour and foreign direct investment ». Monash University, Dept. of Economics, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7614.
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Forbes, Colin 1971. « Foreign direct investment in Venezuela ». Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33355.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper analyzes the liberalization of Venezuela's foreign direct investment (FDI) laws. In the past, Venezuela placed tough restrictions upon the entry and operation of foreign investment. These restrictions were made possible as long as petroleum prices remained high and the country had access to cheap international bank loans. The debt crisis in the 1980s, a drop in commodity prices, and a decrease in international bank loans once again made FDI an attractive source of foreign capital. In order to attract greater FDI inflows, Venezuela began to liberalize its foreign investment laws in the mid-1980s. Despite these changes, FDI inflows into Venezuela have been erratic. This paper then discusses some of the adjustments Venezuela will have to make in order to attract greater foreign investment inflows, and ends with an examination of how the country can maximize FDI's contribution to its economic development.
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Mbeki, Zizipho. « The effect of foreign direct investment on economic growth in South Africa ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11166.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The effect of FDI on economic growth is not a straight jacket. Literature has shown that the effect of FDI on economic growth can be either positive or negative. The positive effects of FDI can be caused by increase in output stimulated by new technological innovations and increase in capital flows. The negative effects could result in a ‘crowding out’ effect on domestic investments, external vulnerability and dependence, destructive competition of foreign affiliates with domestic firms, and market stealing effect due to poor absorptive capacity.This treatise will attempt to shed light on the effect foreign direct investment has on economic growth in South Africa in order to ascertain whether a positive or negative relationship exists between these two variables. This study thus aims to investigate, analyse and estimate the extent to which FDI impacts economic growth in South Africa. The findings of this research will provide policymakers, commercial businesses and scholars with relevant updated theoretical and empirical results that will assist relevant government policy makers in generating effective measures of attracting FDI if it proves to be beneficial for the host country. If the results of the study prove that FDIs do not generate positive spill over effects then the policymakers are thus obliged to formulate policies that will discourage FDIs from penetrating the host country’s economy.
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Eastin, Josh C. « Economic integration and environmental protection in China causes and effects / ». online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?1446670.
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Novak, K. S. « Investment instrumentation in economic development stimulating ». Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/76279.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The theoretical bases of investment policy formation are considered in the paper, indicators of economic development are determined. The essence of the investment policy and the policy of attracting foreign investments are also disclosed. The current state of investment activity in Ukraine in regional and sectoral context is analyzed, as well as an assessment of the dynamics of foreign direct investment. The macroeconomic indicators of investment activity are estimated. Problems and prospects of investment activity in Ukraine are investigated.
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Sievers, Monika. « Liberalization of foreign direct investment : Europe 1992 and the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement ». Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42049.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The recent developments in the European Community evoked by
the Single European Act and commonly referred to as the creation
of "Fortress Europe" by the end of 1992 have been attracted
considerable attention with respect to economic and political
integration in the international arena. Similarly, the
conclusion of the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement aiming at a
loose form of economic integration received significant
recognition.
These two agreements cover not only liberalization of trade
in goods and services but moreover, include foreign direct
investment. This is of particular significance since little
progress has been made in its regulation on an international
level in comparison to the regulation of trade in goods. Due to
the fact that direct investment is primarily exercised by large
multinational enterprises it has a larger political impact on the
host countries than trade in goods and services. Foreign
ownership of local industry creates the concern of economic
dependence and of a loss of sovereign powers among host
governments. Consequently, governments introduce laws and
regulations aiming at the restriction of direct investment of
foreign investors.
However, as foreign investment augments economic growth, it
is of common benefit to both investors and host countries to
provide an investment climate which balances the conflict of
interest between the need of legal certainty and flexibility for
foreign investors arid the safeguard of economic independence and
political freedom of host country governments to introduce and
maintain measures deemed necessary for the benefit of their
national economies.
This thesis will demonstrate the most effective regime to
solve this conflict through comparison of the Free Trade
Agreement with the Treaty of Rome as amended by the Single
European Act. These agreements have been chosen since they
involve two of the triad world economic powers and thus,
represent industrialized nations with the highest degree of
foreign direct investment aiming at the liberalization of direct
investment in their "enlarged" markets.
The thesis is divided into three parts. The first and
second parts will discuss the degree of liberalization of foreign
investment within the Common Market including the progress made
under the Single European Act of 1986 and within the free trade
area established by the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement in 1989.
The analysis will centre around the issues of free establishment
of companies, the National Treatment Principle, capital movement,
and mergers and acquisitions. The third part consists of the
comparative analysis and will provide the final conclusions.
The conclusions will show that the two agreements share few
similarities but they are characterized by their divergent
approach to direct investment liberalization. It is submitted
that the more comprehensive form of liberalization is reached in the Common Market due to its broad restraint on sovereign powers
of its Member States and coherently implemented elimination of
restrictions on foreign investment. In contrast, the Free Trade
Agreement only imposes selected obligations on the parties to
liberalize direct investment. It will become clear that the Free
Trade Agreement stands for a settlement of the most vexing
investment issues between the parties rather than a commitment to
virtually liberalize investment between the U.S. and Canada.
In view of this result, recommendations are made to further
liberalize investment under the Free Trade Agreement. These have
to be seen, however, in the light of numerous economic and
political divergencies between the Common Market and the U.S.-
Canadian free trade area.Law, Peter A. Allard School of
Graduate
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Kung, Cheuk-lam Peggy. « Foreign direct investment and the development of special economic zones in China : a comparative study ofShenzhen and Zhuhai, 1980-2000 ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29793671.
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Liang, Yan Wray L. Randall. « A critical assessment of the role of FDI in China's development and a proposal for a new policy agenda ». Diss., UMK access, 2007.
Trouver le texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Economics and Social Sciences Consortium. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2007."A dissertation in economics and social sciences." Advisor: L Randall Wray. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed July 16, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 223-254). Online version of the print edition.
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Hissouf, Abdellatif. « Foreign direct investment and regional development in Morocco : the current situation and the need of a development policy / ». Abstract, 2008. http://eprints.ccsu.edu/archive/00000490/01/1946Abstr.htm.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.S.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2008.Thesis advisor: Carlos F. Liard-Muriente. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in International Studies." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-206). Abstract available via the World Wide Web.
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Cooper, John Howard. « The impact of foreign direct investment on post-war South African economic development ». Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14724.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bibliography: leaves 305-324.The thesis examines the theory of the determinants and welfare impact of foreign direct investment on host countries, concluding that resource transfer effects are not necessarily beneficial in certain circumstances. The distribution and penetration of foreign direct investment in the South African economy is analysed in the context of the debate about dependency and the role of technology in economic development. It is concluded that given the small amounts of fixed capital actually transferred to South Africa and the negative basic transfer which has occurred since the war, the role of technology in the economic development of South Africa has been crucial. It is argued that despite the relatively low level of foreign direct investment penetration in south Africa, efforts to reduce this penetration are hampered by continuing high dependence on foreign technology, which reflects the ~ay in which the international technology market works. The conclusion is that this dependence can only be reduced by assimilating and copying foreign technology, which should, if necessary, be purchased separately from capital, especially if foreign investors are reluctant to risk fixed investment in the New South Africa. The statistical sources used are official South African Reserve Bank figures for capital flows and stocks, a data base constructed by the author from the Bureau of Market Research's unpublished industrial register and the results of a questionnaire administered to a stratified random sample of local and foreign manufacturing firms in South Africa.
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Rugemalila, Irene Joas. « The impact of foreign direct investments on sustainable development in Africa : Can this contribute to poverty alleviation ». Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_9989_1177916961.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study dealt with the impact of foreign direct investments on sustainable development in Africa in relation to poverty alleviation. The study aimed to show the link between these two areas and examine the impact of foreign direct investment on sustainable development, and whether such impact can lead to poverty alleviation and improve people's lives living under the poverty line.
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Philander, Graig Henry. « How can Africa attract foreign direct investment, with specific reference to an investment strategy within Africa ». Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This research focused primarily on certain bilateral agreements as well as relevant multilateral agreements that govern the world's investment system. Attention is given to governance in the world of foreign direct investment and the aims and objectives of the integration initiative, as well as to the centrality of investment law in the scheme. The role of investment and the effect this have on the development of Africa is also a focal point of this paper. The central objective of the integration initiative is also looked at against the backdrop of investment-rating agencies and investment flows around the world.
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Chatterjee, Santanu. « Numerical analysis of growth and transitional dynamics in open economies / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7404.
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Younas, Javed Bandyopadhyay Subhayu. « Essays in trade, foreign aid and investment ». Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5301.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iii, 92 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Mukosera, Precious Sipho. « Foreign direct investment and socio-economic development : the South African example ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018760.
Texte intégralRésumé :
It is widely accepted by governments of many developing countries that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is crucial to the socio-economic development of their nations and have developed various policies in an effort to attract FDI, as a result. FDI is a crucial source of technology, capital and skills for developing countries for economic growth that may ultimately lead to poverty reduction, employment creation and modernisation. However, results from many studies have been inconclusive and have failed to find a direct link between the increase of FDI and the associated socio-economic development of recipient nations. South Africa is no exception to this debate as it seeks to turn its back on decades long apartheid, which has entrenched poverty in the majority of its population and exacerbated social tensions. The main socio-economic challenges that South Africa faces include high unemployment, skills shortages, poverty and high inequality, and the 2008/2009 global financial and economic crisis has exacerbated the crisis. Despite these challenges South Africa‘s macro-economic strategies have had a good reputation since 2000. The monetary policy has turned out to be more transparent and predictable, and a sound fiscal policy has sustained its framework. The study analyses the role that FDI plays in the socio-economic development of South Africa since 1995 by focusing on selected case studies: ABSA Bank, General Motors South Africa (GMSA) and the Mining Sector of South Africa. The research concludes that although ABSA Bank has implemented several corporate social responsibility (CSR), and various employee development programmes, there is hardly any evidence to suggest that Barclays Bank‘s takeover of ABSA Bank has positively impacted on these programmes. General Motors South Africa (GMSA), which came into South Africa many decades ago through a Greenfield Investment, has played a positive role in the economy of the Eastern Cape Province as well as that of South Africa, having created jobs directly and indirectly. The company has also designed and implemented various educational, housing as well as health and awareness programmes for its employees and for the communities. Mining companies that operate in South Africa formed partnerships in the communities in which they operate in an effort to improve the lives of people. While these various projects have been a source of employment, they have had a limited impact on the core causes of social problems surrounding the mines. Many of these root causes relate to core business practices of the mining companies, especially employee recruitment, wages and housing. These root causes where witnessed in the Lonmin tragedy and in other strikes that spread throughout the sector in 2012. The study concludes that although FDI does play a role in the socio-economic development of South Africa, especially Greenfield investment, the same argument could not be made on Mergers and acquisitions (M&As). Finally, the South African government needs to play a proactive role in ensuring that foreign companies that invest in the country need to be well aware of the socio-economic needs of South Africa, and be willing to play a positive role in that regard.
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Nashidengo, Victoria Ndinoshisho Peneyambeko. « The role of FDI in economic growth in Namibia ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8878.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This report examines the role of FDI in economic growth in Namibia using annual time series data from 1980 to 2012. The relationship was explored using the VAR framework, in particular, the Granger causality. Impulse response functions and forecast error variance techniques were used for analysis. The results show that there is a positive relationship between FDI and economic growth in Namibia. The study then concluded that Namibia need more investment in other sectors such as education taking into consideration that most foreign capital is directed into the mining and manufacturing sectors. However, Namibia does not have all the necessary skill to be able to sustain the growth in GDP as a result of FDI. The study further suggested that Namibia can take advantage of export-led growth because of the positive relationship that exists between growth and export. However, there is great need to improve and diversify by focusing on exporting semi-finished and finished manufactured products instead of solid minerals and primary products that are of low value. This will enhance competitive advantage on foreign markets.
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Jordaan, Johannes Cornelius. « Foreign direct investment and neighbouring influences ». Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04182005-094319.
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Jia, Meng Qi. « Promoting stability and sustainability of China's natural resource investments in Africa through BIT approach ». Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3959453.
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Joffrion, Justin Louis. « Determinants of foreign direct investment entry into China ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30560.
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Lamkin, Janet W. « China's modernization and its implications for foreign investment ». Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/128729.
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Wang, Di. « DETERMINANTS OF BILATERAL FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS : AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ». OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1778.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this dissertation, we use unique data set to examine bilateral Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) data and find determinant factors of bilateral FDI activities. In Chapter 1, we examine the relationships among the bilateral annual non-aggregated national level FDI, all levels of Economic Integration Agreements (EIAs) and political turnovers happened in both FDI exporting countries and FDI importing countries. In Chapter 2, we test the Tariff-Jumping FDI hypothesis and Export-Oriented FDI hypothesis. In Chapter 3, we examine and determine the key determinant factors of Cross-Hauling FDI status.
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Fallon, Grahame R. « A model of foreign direct investment location, its causes and economic outcomes in Western and Eastern Europe ». Thesis, University of Northampton, 2010. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/4960/.
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Wan, Chi Shun. « Economic aspects of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1949-1964 ». Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29867.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The characteristics of the Sino-Soviet Alliance have been analyzed extensively for more than three decades. However, the economic aspects of this Alliance remain unclear. A number of factors, such as statistical discrepancies, complexity of interpretation,
and the quality and reliability of the Chinese and Soviet sources , are accountable for this obscurity. A more narrowly focused study examining the role Sino-Soviet economic relations played in shaping the Alliance is useful to better our understanding.
After a chronological, review of the Sino-Soviet economic relationship, its significance in shaping the Alliance is examined
through the reappraisal of three major areas.
Firstly, the relative costs and benefits for each partner are assessed in an objective and detached way. The Soviet Union made a decisive contribution to China's industrialization. Soviet financial aid , though modest in figure, was provided in a timely way. Together with the provision of scientific and technological knowledge, the value of Soviet aid must be regarded as considerable.
The benefits to the Soviet Union were less impressive; but since the imported Chinese consumer goods were largely consumed
in the Soviet Far East, the benefits should not be underestimated.
The cost for both sides remains obscure; though it is obvious that the questions of "Soviet exploitation", concerning the joint-stock companies, the overvaluation of the rouble and
the pricing in Sino-Soviet trade are highly complex and should be interpreted with greater care.
Secondly, the effect of Sino-Soviet economic cooperation on the Alliance — whether it strengthened or weakened it — is explored.
Undoubtedly, the economic relationship had both unifying and divisive effects. It was a unifying factor because the Soviets had provided China with support and assistance that would have been difficult to obtain elsewhere . Another factor which had tied China to the USSR was the strong Soviet influences resulting from the implementation of the Soviet model and the close cooperation in the fields of education and sciences. On the other hand, these Soviet influences proved to be a divisive factor
as well, because they produced a domestic political and social
situation that Mao found profoundly distasteful. Different economic interests and competition in foreign aid programs also created tensions and frictions. The independent outlook of China's leaders made them resentful of their role as a junior partner in the early 1950's, and prevented them from entering a long-term trade agreement with the USSR or joining the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance, as the Soviets had wished.
Finally, the impact of Sino-Soviet economic relations upon China's policy-making is discussed, albeit speculatively. In the early 1950's, China's economic and military dependence on the USSR made its leaders exercise greater caution in their claim of "Mao's Road " as the model for other Asian countries. As China
gained strength, however, Soviet influence declined. While the discontinuation of Soviet financial aid can reasonably be regarded as one of the major factors contributing to China's decision to abandon the Soviet model in 1958, the economic pressure
applied by Khrushchev failed to change China's policy, and proved counterproductive.Arts, Faculty of
History, Department of
Graduate
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Wearaduwa, Vidana Kankanamge Thilani Kaushalya. « Economic Efficiency of Occupational Health and Safety Investments at Agricultural Cooperatives ». Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28861.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Industries related to agricultural cooperatives record some of the highest injury rates in the U.S. Therefore, agricultural cooperatives are highly motivated to invest in occupational health and safety (OHS). This thesis examines the economic efficiency of OHS investments at agricultural cooperatives and identifies cooperative characteristics leading to greater economic efficiency of OHS investments. A multiple input-output data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to estimate technical efficiency. The effects of cooperative characteristics on the efficiency of OHS investments are estimated using ordinary least squares, censored regression, truncated regression, and the Simar and Wilson (2007) bootstrap procedure. Results show that the mean technical efficiency score was 0.833. Furthermore, a cooperative?s annual insurance premia has a significant, negative relationship with technical efficiency. In contrast, the experience levels of a cooperative?s top safety person and top managerial person and a location?s total workers employed have significant, positive relationships with efficiency in all estimated models.North Dakota State University. Department of College of Agriculture, Food Systems and Natural Resources
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Kazanovskaya, D. V., et Y. O. Pozhar. « Foreign direct investments as a factor of social and economic development of Sumy region ». Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/65368.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Foreign direct investments (FDI) as a form of international capital transfer are the most popular and important. The main advantage of direct investments is the possibility to control the investee and, therefore, certain guarantees that funds will be invested in the necessary direction. The economic impacts of direct investments have an affect not only upon the activities of the investment process subjects, but also upon the global economy as a whole.
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Talukdar, Shahidur Rashid. « Social, political, and institutional determinants of investment and economic growth : a cross-country study / ». Connect to resource online, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1251877560.
Texte intégral
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DUBAVA, Ilze. « Reconciling international investment law and sustainable development with respect to host state's right to regulate : the legal impact of sustainable development objective on indirect expropriation standard and its legitimate expectations sub-element ». Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/32097.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Defence date: 6 February 2014Examining Board: Professor Emeritus Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, European University Institute (Supervisor); Professor Emeritus Francesco Francioni, European University Institute; Professor Markus Ghering, University of Cambridge; Professor Andreas Ziegler, University of Lausanne.
First made available online 17 May 2019
This thesis seeks to determine whether the evolution of international law has allowed for the concept of cultural genocide to be addressed in spite of its non-codification. It firstly provides an assessment of the evolution of the concept of cultural genocide, from a technique to a process of genocide, also known as 'ethnocide'. Acknowledging that the codification of the concept is unlikely in the future, it therefore undertakes a study of the evolution of international law with regard to the main components of the concept, namely genocide, culture and group. The evolution of the legal concept of 'genocide' raises the question of the interpretation of the international definition of genocide, which is enshrined in the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, so as to encompass instances of cultural destruction. The state of international and domestic judicial practice illustrates the limits of an evolutionary interpretation. In contrast, international law has evolved considerably in relation to the protection of some groups and their culture, so that customary international law, and especially international human rights law, may be deemed to prohibit group cultural destruction and consequently entail State responsibility. The thesis argues that this evolution could ground the articulation of an international law-based approach to the concept of cultural genocide both by allowing for its criminalisation through the crime against humanity of persecution and by providing tools for a stronger framework of State responsibility, especially in the context of genocide prevention. Furthermore, this approach would give rise to the possibility of further conceptualising reparation for the intended cultural damage. Against this background, the thesis firstly draws conclusions as to the irrelevance of enclosing the debate exclusively at the level of the genocide legal framework and, secondly, as to the relevance of cultural genocide as a 'paralegal concept', an understanding which would drive the interpretation of international legal norms, especially in cases involving indigenous peoples' cultural harm.