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1
Shin, Donggyun, Kwanho Shin et Seonyoung Park. « ARE INITIAL WAGE LOSSES OF INTERSECTORAL MOVERS COMPENSATED FOR BY THEIR SUBSEQUENT WAGE GAINS ? » Macroeconomic Dynamics 14, no 4 (11 janvier 2010) : 501–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100509090464.
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This paper presents an equilibrium explanation of the inter- and intrasectoral mobility of workers. Analyses of our samples from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth show that, other things being equal, the initial wage decline is greater for intersectoral movers than for intrasectoral movers. Intersectoral movers, however, enjoy higher wage growth in subsequent years on postunemployment jobs than intrasectoral movers do, and hence are compensated for their initial wage decline. Our estimates suggest that, other things being constant, the additional short-term wage loss associated with sector shifts is overturned in no more than four years by the greater wage growth of intersectoral movers in subsequent years. The findings in the current study clearly show that the true economic costs of intersector mobility tend to be overstated in existing studies and are significantly lowered in the long-term perspective. Calibration of a simple lifetime utility model demonstrates that inter- and intrasectoral movements of workers are quantitatively consistent with an equilibrium framework, at least for a major group of workers who move with longer term perspectives. Evidence also shows that job seekers consider not only the initial wage rate but also the subsequent wages received from the postunemployment job when deciding whether to recommence employment or switch sectors.
2
Owusu, Victor, K. Yerfi Fosu et Kees Burger. « Intersectoral labor mobility and deforestation in Ghana ». Environment and Development Economics 17, no 6 (6 septembre 2012) : 741–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x12000253.
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AbstractThis paper quantifies the effects of the determinants of intersectoral labor mobility and the effect of intersectoral labor mobility on deforestation in Ghana over the period 1970–2008. A cointegration and error correction modeling approach is employed. The empirical results show that labor mobility from the agricultural to the non-agricultural sector exerts negative effects on deforestation in Ghana in the long run and short run. Relative agricultural income exerts a significant negative effect on intersectoral labor mobility in the long run. Deforestation is influenced positively by population pressure, the price of fertilizer and rainfall, whereas access to irrigation infrastructure exerts a negative effect in the long run. In the short run, real producer prices of cocoa and maize exert significant positive effects on deforestation whereas access to irrigation infrastructure exerts a negative significant effect. Fruitful policy recommendations based on the empirical magnitudes and directions of these effects are made in this paper.
3
Tohmo, Timo, et Jutta Viinikainen. « Does intersectoral labour mobility pay for academics ? » Scientometrics 113, no 1 (4 août 2017) : 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2477-9.
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Vakulenko, Elena S. « Comparative Analysis of Interregional and Intersectoral Mobility in Russia ». Economy of Region 16, no 4 (décembre 2020) : 1193–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-13.
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One of the most important characteristics of the labour market is labour mobility that allows assessing the economic efficienc y o f labour . A comparativ e analysi s i s necessar y fo r determinin g th e degre e o f mobility . I n term s o f spatia l and sectoral characteristics, the paper assesses the degree and dynamics of mobility in the Russian labour market based on previously published studies, as well as the authors’ findings. To determine the degree of mobility, the research uses various approaches, applying both direct (mobility costs, transition matrices) and indirect indicators (structural unemployment, wage differentiation, unemployment rate, gross regional product (GRP)). The analysis uses the data of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey — Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) and Federal State Statistic Service (Rosstat) for 2000– 2016. The obtained results demonstrate a relatively low intersectoral and interregional mobility in Russia compared to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Low intersectoral mobility may indicate weak exchangeability of the sectors and high mobility costs. The largest number of transitions is observed in trade, where employees do not need any specific knowledge. Generally, other transitions are made between related sectors that require similar knowledge from employees. The lowest intersectoral mobility is characteristic for the education and health sectors. According to the Shorrocks index, in Russia, interregional mobility is lower than intersectoral mobility. Low spatial mobility is explained by high migration costs, including those associated with “poverty traps”, the peculiarity of statistical accounting of migrants and the size of Russian regions. The obtained results are correct for the examined period and the applied criteria. The changes in labour mobility in Russia caused by global digitalisation of the economy and the transition to remote working require a separate study.
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Vakulenko, Elena S. « Comparative Analysis of Interregional and Intersectoral Mobility in Russia ». Economy of Region 16, no 4 (décembre 2020) : 1193–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-13.
Texte intégralRésumé :
One of the most important characteristics of the labour market is labour mobility that allows assessing the economic efficienc y o f labour . A comparativ e analysi s i s necessar y fo r determinin g th e degre e o f mobility . I n term s o f spatia l and sectoral characteristics, the paper assesses the degree and dynamics of mobility in the Russian labour market based on previously published studies, as well as the authors’ findings. To determine the degree of mobility, the research uses various approaches, applying both direct (mobility costs, transition matrices) and indirect indicators (structural unemployment, wage differentiation, unemployment rate, gross regional product (GRP)). The analysis uses the data of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey — Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) and Federal State Statistic Service (Rosstat) for 2000– 2016. The obtained results demonstrate a relatively low intersectoral and interregional mobility in Russia compared to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Low intersectoral mobility may indicate weak exchangeability of the sectors and high mobility costs. The largest number of transitions is observed in trade, where employees do not need any specific knowledge. Generally, other transitions are made between related sectors that require similar knowledge from employees. The lowest intersectoral mobility is characteristic for the education and health sectors. According to the Shorrocks index, in Russia, interregional mobility is lower than intersectoral mobility. Low spatial mobility is explained by high migration costs, including those associated with “poverty traps”, the peculiarity of statistical accounting of migrants and the size of Russian regions. The obtained results are correct for the examined period and the applied criteria. The changes in labour mobility in Russia caused by global digitalisation of the economy and the transition to remote working require a separate study.
6
Chan, William. « Intersectoral Mobility and Short-Run Labor Market Adjustments ». Journal of Labor Economics 14, no 3 (juillet 1996) : 454–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/209818.
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Colburn, Christopher, et Haiwen Zhou. « Land Endowment, Intersectoral Labor Mobility, and Economic Geography ». Atlantic Economic Journal 38, no 4 (12 septembre 2010) : 429–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11293-010-9245-z.
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Leger, Lawerence, et James D. Gaisford. « Impeerfect Intersectoral Labour Mobility and Welfare in International Trade ». Journal of Economic Surveys 15, no 4 (septembre 2001) : 463–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00146.
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Lee, Donghoon, et Kenneth I. Wolpin. « Intersectoral Labor Mobility and the Growth of the Service Sector ». Econometrica 74, no 1 (janvier 2006) : 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0262.2006.00648.x.
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DUTT, AMITAVA KRISHNA. « INTERSECTORAL CAPITAL MOBILITY IN A KALDORIAN MODEL OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ». Manchester School 64, no 2 (juin 1996) : 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1996.tb00478.x.
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Garcia-Cebro, Juan Antonio, et Ramon Varela-Santamaria. « Imperfect Intersectoral Labor Mobility and Monetary Shocks in a Small Open Economy ». Open Economies Review 22, no 4 (18 décembre 2009) : 613–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11079-009-9138-4.
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Chatterjee, Santanu, et Azer Mursagulov. « FISCAL POLICY AND THE REAL EXCHANGE RATE ». Macroeconomic Dynamics 20, no 7 (11 mai 2016) : 1742–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100515000048.
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This paper examines the mechanisms through which government spending affects the dynamics of the real exchange rate. Using a two-sector dependent open economy model with intersectoral mobility costs for private capital, we show that public investment generates (i) a nonmonotonic U-shaped adjustment path for the real exchange rate with sharp intertemporal trade-offs and (ii) a crowding-in of private consumption, consistent with stylized facts. The effects of public consumption, however, are in sharp contrast to those of public investment. The effect of government spending on the real exchange rate depends critically on (i) the sectoral composition of public spending, (ii) the underlying financing policy, (iii) the sectoral intensity of private capital in production, (iv) the relative sectoral productivity of public infrastructure, (v) the elasticity of substitution in production, and (vi) intersectoral mobility costs for capital. In deriving these results, we identify conditions under which the predictions of the neoclassical open economy model can be reconciled with empirical regularities. Our results underscore the importance of decoupling the effects of government investment from those of government consumption in understanding the relationship between fiscal policy and the real exchange rate.
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Anam, Mahmudul. « On the Policy Intervention in the Harris-Todaro Model with Intersectoral Capital Mobility ». Economica 55, no 219 (août 1988) : 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2554017.
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Obrist, Brigit, Iddy Mayumana et Flora Kessy. « Livelihood, malaria and resilience ». Progress in Development Studies 10, no 4 (10 septembre 2010) : 325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499340901000405.
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In various parts of Sub‐Saharan Africa, malaria is endemic in areas where rain‐fed agriculture implies seasonal mobility from villages to paddy fields. Contributing to the small but growing literature on livelihood and malaria, this article examines the ways in which social actors mobilise, combine and transform capitals on the household and community levels to obtain malaria treatment. It emphasises the structuring force of cultural capital and argues that farmers of the Kilombero Valley in Tanzania develop a remarkable resilience to malaria. However, in spite of all their efforts, the web of resilience they are able to create remains rather weak and should be strengthened through intersectoral collaboration between government and civil society organisations and innovative interventions.
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Brüchert, Tanja, Paula Quentin, Sabine Baumgart et Gabriele Bolte. « Barriers, Facilitating Factors, and Intersectoral Collaboration for Promoting Active Mobility for Healthy Aging—A Qualitative Study within Local Government in Germany ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no 7 (6 avril 2021) : 3807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073807.
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The promotion of walking and cycling to stay active and mobile offers great potential for healthy aging. Intersectoral collaboration for age-friendly urban planning is required in local government to realize this potential. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the heads of planning and public health departments in city and district administrations of a Metropolitan Region in Germany to identify factors influencing action on the cross-cutting issue of active mobility for healthy aging. Although some administrations are working on the promotion of active mobility, they consider neither the needs of older people nor health effects. A lack of human resources and expertise, mainly due to the low priority placed on the issue, are described as the main barriers for further strategic collaboration. Furthermore, the public health sector often focuses on pathogens as the cause of morbidity and mortality, reducing their acceptance of responsibility for the topic. Facilitating factors include the establishment of new administrative structures, projects with rapid results that create awareness and credibility among citizens and politicians, additional staff with expertise in health promotion, and political commitment. In the future, new administrative structures for intersectoral collaboration are needed in order to consider various perspectives in complex developments, such as healthy aging, and to benefit from synergies.
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Karayalcin, Cem, et Mihaela Pintea. « The role of productivity, transportation costs, and barriers to intersectoral mobility in structural transformation ». Economic Modelling 108 (mars 2022) : 105759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2022.105759.
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Karayalcin, Cem, et Mihaela Pintea. « The Role of Productivity, Transportation Costs, and Barriers to Intersectoral Mobility in Structural Transformation ». IMF Working Papers 15, no 91 (2015) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781484350058.001.
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Karpushkina, Anzhelika Viktorovna, Irina Valentinovna Danilova, Svetlana Vladimirovna Voronina et Irina Petrovna Savelieva. « Assessing the Impact of Employment in the Informal Sector of the Economy on Labor Market Development ». Sustainability 13, no 15 (28 juillet 2021) : 8435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158435.
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The paper analyzes employment in Russia’s informal sector based on its spatial and dynamic characteristics. In recent years, the Russian labor market has been characterized by a steady growth of employment rates in the informal sector of the economy, high volatility and territorial differentiation of such employment, and its ambiguous effect on the gross value added and productivity. Given slowing economic growth and reduced productivity, this trend is by no means positive. The database for this study is based on Rosstat data from 83 Russian regions over the period between 2006 and 2020. The research explains the territorial and dynamic features of employment in the informal sector and classifies Russian regions by their employment situation in the informal sector of the economy. We hypothesize that the instability of the labor market is driven by higher rates of employment in the informal sector. To assess employment volatility in the informal sector, we identify the main trends of intersectoral labor mobility and evaluate their intensity. The results distinguish between regions with negative and positive effects. We also reveal problem regions experiencing the negative effects of intersectoral mobility and high or very high rates of employment in the informal sector. The findings can be used to diagnose and monitor regional labor markets, productivity dynamics, and changes in employment as well as to develop national employment programs to ensure the sustainable development of the labor market.
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Herberg, Horst, et Dietmar Knies. « Employment effects of a rigid wage ratio in small open economies with intersectoral capital mobility ». European Journal of Political Economy 5, no 4 (janvier 1989) : 459–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0176-2680(89)90003-7.
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Boldrin, Michele, Lawrence J. Christiano et Jonas D. M. Fisher. « Habit Persistence, Asset Returns, and the Business Cycle ». American Economic Review 91, no 1 (1 mars 2001) : 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.1.149.
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Two modifications are introduced into the standard real-business-cycle model: habit preferences and a two-sector technology with limited intersectoral factor mobility. The model is consistent with the observed mean risk-free rate, equity premium, and Sharpe ratio on equity. In addition, its business-cycle implications represent a substantial improvement over the standard model. It accounts for persistence in output, comovement of employment across different sectors over the business cycle, the evidence of “excess sensitivity” of consumption growth to output growth, and the “inverted leading-indicator property of interest rates,” that interest rates are negatively correlated with future output. (JEL D10, E10, E20, G12)
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Bardhan, Pranab, Dilip Mookherjee et Masatoshi Tsumagari. « Middlemen Margins and Globalization ». American Economic Journal : Microeconomics 5, no 4 (1 novembre 2013) : 81–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.5.4.81.
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We study a competitive theory of middlemen with brand-name reputations necessary to overcome product quality moral hazard problems. Agents with heterogeneous abilities sort into different sectors and occupations. Middleman margins do not equalize across sectors if production of different goods are differentially prone to moral hazard, generating endogenous mobility barriers. We embed the model in a setting of North-South trade, and explore the distributive implications of trade liberalization. With large intersectoral moral hazard differences, results similar to those of Ricardo-Viner specific-factor models obtain, whereby southern inequality increases. Otherwise, opposite (i.e., Stolper-Samuelson) results obtain. (JEL D82, D63, F12, F13, L15)
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Brüchert, Tanja, Paula Quentin, Sabine Baumgart et Gabriele Bolte. « Intersectoral collaboration of public health and urban planning for promotion of mobility and healthy ageing : protocol of the AFOOT project ». Cities & ; Health 1, no 1 (2 janvier 2017) : 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2017.1312086.
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Koval, Myhailo, Roman Chornyi et Pavlov Pavlov. « REGULATION OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF EMPLOYMENT PROCESSES IN UKRAINE ». MODELING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEMS, no 1 (28 avril 2022) : 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/mdes/2022-3-5.
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The article considers the essence and importance of factors of socio-economic activity that affect the employment processes of the region and the country. An analysis of publications on related issues reflects the study of employment processes. Understanding the systemic nature of the labor market and employment as its integral part of the market system of management is outlined—differentiated indicators of socio-economic activity that affect work in certain forms: regulated, unbalanced. The goals and strategies of the regulation mechanism of employment processes as the influence of socio-economic factors are specified. The objectives of the study are outlined. It is the regulation of employment as a process considered in two ways. The first of them is manifested in support of a regulated form of work by introducing active actions to improve the level of vocational training, skills, and abilities. As for the second direction, it adds the causes of unemployment in essence. Effective macroeconomic policies are considered, ensuring regulatory, social, stabilizing, and distributive functions of economic growth, achieving optimal proportions in the distribution of the working population in intersectoral proportions, the possibility of labor mobility, and migration. Several principles have been developed that determine the impact of socio-economic activity in the region: balance and systematics, balance and structure, indicativeness; long-term orientation, adaptability, flexibility, rationality, efficiency, democracy, and freedom of economic activity of subjects in the labor market; social manifestations of adaptation and psychological support when changing jobs; ensuring the right of every employee to fair working conditions. Recommendations are theoretical and methodological and designed to increase employment in the region and the country.
An essential component of the employment process should be given to the resource provision of the region, which should include quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the labor potential of the area. Quantitative attributes of labor resources include the working-age population, its gender, the number of employed and unemployed. Qualitative characteristics are manifested in the qualification level of education, conditions of providing the people with the necessary benefits, intersectoral structure of labor resources, moral and spiritual level of the population, creativity, needs for labor mobility, and available incentives and motives for work.
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Partridge, Mark, Sydney Schreiner, Alexandra Tsvetkova et Carlianne Elizabeth Patrick. « The Effects of State and Local Economic Incentives on Business Start-Ups in the United States : County-Level Evidence ». Economic Development Quarterly 34, no 2 (27 avril 2020) : 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891242420916249.
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Even as economic incentives are increasingly used by policy makers to spur state and local economic development, their use is controversial among the public and academics. The authors examine whether state and local incentives lead to higher rates of business start-ups in metropolitan counties. Existing research indicates that start-ups are important for supporting (net) job creation, long-term growth, innovation, and development. The authors find that incentives have a statistically significant, negative relationship with start-up rates in total and for some industries including export-based and others that often receive incentives. The findings support critics who contend that incentives crowd out other economic activity, potentially reducing long-term growth. The authors also find that greater intersectoral job flows are positively linked to total start-ups, consistent with claims of those who advocate for policies that enhance labor market flexibility through reducing barriers to job mobility.
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Germani, Ana Claudia Camargo Gonçalves, Fabiana Gonçalves de Mello Cahú, Fellipe Eugênio Soares Miranda, Fernanda Géa de Lucena Gomes, Patricia Moreno Grangeiro, Ana Carolina Basso Schmitt et Alfredo Almeida Pina-Oliveira. « Health promotion to people with disabilities : case report from two University extension projects ». Research, Society and Development 11, no 1 (15 janvier 2022) : e56111124956. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i1.24956.
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Developing Health Promotion programs and interventions for people with disabilities during undergraduate health courses represents a relevant strategy to ensure comprehensive, equitable and universal care. Objective: to describe and reflect on two Brazilian experiences focused on promoting the health of people with physical disabilities within the scope of university extension. Method: this is the report of experiences derived from the “Praia Sem Barreiras” Project in Recife (PE) and the “Remo Meu Rumo” Project in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Results: both activities are interdisciplinary, interprofessional and intersectoral. They focus on relationships between Higher Education Institutions and articulate community partnerships focusing on well-being, self-care and physical activity and leisure. Final Considerations: it is evident that the performance of undergraduate health students and professors excelled in the use of public spaces in the city as a powerful strategy for social inclusion, collaborative learning and the exercise of citizenship. However, it is necessary to broaden the discussion on developing Health Promotion skills to prepare the health sector workforce with greater sensitivity to the needs of people with disabilities or reduced mobility.
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Blacutt, Andrée-Anne, et Stéphane Roche. « When Design Fiction Meets Geospatial Sciences to Create a More Inclusive Smart City ». Smart Cities 3, no 4 (11 novembre 2020) : 1334–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities3040064.
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Smart cities are especially suited for improving urban inclusion by combining digital transition and social innovation. To be smart, a city has to provide every citizen with urban spaces, public services, and common goods that are effectively affordable, whatever the citizen’s gender, culture, origin, race, or impairment. Based on two design workshops, the “Vibropod” and the “Pointe-aux-Lièvres”, this paper aims at highlighting the contributions of design fiction to the improvement of the spatial capability of hearing impaired people. This research draws its originality from both its conceptual framework, built on an interdisciplinary and intersectoral composition of arts and sciences, and its operational approach, based on the use of the DeafSpace markers and the TRIZ theory (Russian acronym for Inventive Problem Solving Theory) principles. The two design fiction workshops demonstrate that considering the singularity of the human being as an actual acoustic material constitutes an innovative opportunity to improve the role of universal design in a smart city project. By reversing the classic posture, and defining disability by looking at characteristics of the environment rather than as limits of the people themselves (their bodies or their senses), this research proposes an innovative way of addressing smart city inclusivity issues. This paper shows how increasing spatial enablement and having better control of spatial skills can offer deaf people new skills to improve the use of technology in support of urban mobility, as well as give them tools for feeling safer in urban environments.
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Mabry, Ruth M., Huda Al Siyabi, Muhssen Kannan et Amal Al Siyabi. « Physical activity and the built environment : perceptions of policy-makers in Oman ». Health Promotion International 35, no 4 (21 juillet 2019) : 762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz066.
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Abstract The prevalence of physical activity is low in the Sultanate of Oman. The built environment is a key barrier to physical activity in the region. Our aim is to examine urban planners’ perceptions of the relevance and feasibility of the proposed urban planning and design interventions in the draft WHO technical package on physical activity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 professionals using a pre-tested interview guide. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Content analysis based on the socio-ecological framework (policy, physical, socio-cultural and information environment) was used to identify the perceived urban design challenges and solutions. Urban sprawl due to haphazard urban and transport design, limited accessibility to parks and sports facilities, negative perceptions about active travel and limited understanding of physical activity were key challenges identified by interviewees. Participants suggested strengthening governance through policy and intersectoral collaboration, improving community design and accessibility to parks, considering the needs of diverse populations and improving knowledge and attitudes of physical activity as priority when adapting the WHO technical package to Oman. Mid-level managers prioritized three interventions from the package: the need for political commitment and capacity building on how the built environment can promote physical activity, a national political on physical activity that promotes a safe infrastructure for active transport, and accessibility to sports and recreational facilities. Negative perceptions of active travel and cultural expectations that constrain mobility requires a society-wide paradigm shift, the first objective of the WHO global action plan.
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Gupta, Manash Ranjan, et Priya Brata Dutta. « Efficiency wage, unemployment and tourism development : a theoretical analysis ». Indian Growth and Development Review 12, no 3 (11 novembre 2019) : 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/igdr-11-2018-0125.
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Purpose International tourism has experienced a substantial growth during the second half of twentieth century. Tourism development can contribute substantially to the reduction of poverty problem by creating new employment opportunities. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of tourism development on unemployment problem using an efficiency wage framework. Design/methodology/approach The authors developed a two-sector two-factor static competitive general equilibrium model of a less-developed open economy called South with an imported traded goods sector and with a non-traded tourism service sector, and with two factors, capital and labour. Labour is measured in efficiency unit; there exists unemployment in the labour market which is explained by the efficiency wage hypothesis. The authors also consider extensions of the basic model by introducing an exportable traded goods sector as well as sector-specific capital in the tourism sector. Findings The authors show that, with perfect intersectoral mobility of capital and with only one traded good, tourism development in South lowers unemployment rate and raises national income. However, this tourism development neither affects unemployment rate nor national income in South, in the mobile-capital model when there are two traded goods. When tourism sector uses sector-specific capital but capital is mobile between two traded goods sectors, tourism development keeps the unemployment rate unchanged but raises national income in South. Originality/value There exists a lot of debate about economic benefits of tourism development in a less-developed economy. A few works analyse the economic effects of tourism without developing formal models. However, no existing work analyses the effect on unemployment in an efficiency wage model. Although Harris–Todaro model is of relevance to explain unemployment in low-income countries, efficiency wage models are relevant for middle-income countries.
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Srećković, Saša. « Heritage : How to remain relevant following the virus crisis ? » Pravovedenie 64, no 1 (2020) : 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2020.101.
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The article states that despite the creation of the UNESCO fund aimed at International assistance by means of which State parties to the Convention for Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, inter alia, can address problems arising from catastrophes and emergencies. However, the devastating effects of the pandemic on heritage are yet to be expected. Due to the known recent circumstances, without mobility of people and their mutual contacts, and without physical access to the built heritage and museums, there will be no income for local people living in their surroundings. Another problem is related to the intangible expressions of heritage due to inevitable economic turbulences subsequent to the pandemic, and even due to the recent political turmoil caused by various related factors, such as the behavior demonstrated by different governments while facing the crisis and consequent revolts in many communities worldwide. While clear solutions for affected heritage following the crisis are still not on the horizon, we may assume that in the near future there will be an increase of interest in environmental studies. Many will reflect upon the sustainable use of resources and their relevance for heritage (such as agrarian heritage, particularly in regard to food security; traditional medicine or cultural rights and intellectual property in the same context). While there is no doubt that digital tools for reviewing (tangible) heritage will only progress over time, the question is to what extent will living experiences of heritage be affordable to people, at least in the forthcoming period. An adequate response to a global disaster will certainly integrate heritage into policies such as territorial urban/rural planning and various intersectoral activities, and examples already exist in projects funded and supported by the European Union. Despite the weakening of available resources as a result of the pandemic, heritage institutions should also increasingly allow for more democratic inclusion of communities into the issues of inventorying and safeguarding heritage, through mechanisms such as participatory mapping and the like.
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Boretskaya, N., et G. Krapivina. « Areas of Research on the Development of the Tourist and Recreational Sphere as an Object of Public Administration ». Economic Herald of the Donbas, no 3 (65) (2021) : 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-147-154.
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In the article, the problem of determining the directions of research of the development of the tourist and recreational sphere as an object of public administration acquires further theoretical and methodological substantiation. The directions of improving the mechanisms of decision-making by state bodies for the development of the tourist and recreational sphere are formulated on the basis of the introduction of a systematic approach, digitization and modeling. The efforts of state bodies to form the structure of the market in order to study and analyze the impact of public administration and regulation on the realities of the tourist and recreational sphere and the proposals of tourist and recreational products that affect the public interest in them on the part of consumers of tourist services are a separate area of scientific research in tourism. -recreational sphere as an object of public administration and decision-making mechanisms by state bodies for the development of tourist and recreational territories It is shown that the processes of using tourist and recreational resources and diversification of the economy are positively influenced by the intersectoral nature of the tourist and recreational sphere due to the multiplier effect for related sectors of the economy of the territories, directly involved in the tourist services served by consumers. It has been proved that a city characterized by a significant territorial concentration of labor, consumers, related industries and services is very attractive for the activities of enterprises in the tourism and recreation sector in terms of minimizing costs, and it is expedient in determining the role and mechanisms of government influence on the development of the tourism and recreation sector. and the formation of strategic goals for the development of a regime for promoting their development is the study of the tourist and recreational market of the territory. The development of the regional and local tourist and recreational sphere is greatly facilitated by the transformation in the public consciousness of the concept of free time, i.e. changes in the behavior of consumers of tourism services in relation to specific settlements or the region as a whole. The main goal of the qualitative improvement of state management of the development of the tourist and recreational sphere is to increase its openness, spread goodwill towards the population, accelerate management processes, effectively solve problems, increase the mobility of workers in tourist and recreational enterprises and their satisfaction with work.
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Zymovets, Vladislav, Nataliia Sheludko et Stanislav Shyshkov. « Macroeconomic and institutional barriers of “normalization” of an enterprise’s financing models in Ukraine ». Economy of Industry 2, no 94 (25 juin 2021) : 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econindustry2021.02.045.
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The conditions for raising capital and the availability of capital to finance business are important for the economic development of the country. They are especially relevant for countries with low capital accumulation. The article considers how the institutional environment and macro financial imbalances affect the conditions and ways of attracting capital by business structures in Ukraine. To assess this impact, the ratio of the supply of current assets in the financial market (money supply M3) and the demand of the state for them (public debt), which during 2008-2019 decreased from 2.7 to 0.7. That is unprecedentedly low level and is the reason for the reduction of bank lending to businessses. To assess the level of depletion of the banking system, the BSER indicator (the share of bank assets that is immobilized to finance public debt) was calculated. The growth of the indicator from 5.6% in 2008 to 51.5% in 2020 indicates a progressive depletion of the banking system due to the reallocation of banks' assets to finance public debt. Analysis of the trend of fund raising by business in the stock market by placing shares showed that the number of issues and their volumes during 2015-2020 decreased significantly, and not less than 90% of the volume is carried out to recapitalize banks (including state) and state enterprises sector of the economy. The hypothesis that the identified unfavourable macro financial and institutional factors (crowding out effect, high currency risk, insecurity of property rights, raiding activity, length of court proceedings, etc.) led to the spread of non-transparent business financing practices in Ukraine and segmentation of Ukraine was confirmed. It is proved that the accumulation of a significant part of current assets in the shadow segment creates an artificial deficit of capital in the market and does not contribute to intersectoral mobility of capital, which inhibits the economic development of the country. To solve this problem, a strategy was proposed to restore the functional capacity of the country's financial system by gradually reducing the share of banking system resources invested in public debt to 10%. To deepen the analytical justification of the results obtained in further research, it is advisable to pay special attention to modelling and forecasting the impact of macro financial and institutional factors on the choice of instruments and channels of business financing.
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Adeleye, Omokhoa Adedayo, et Antoinette Ngozi Ofili. « Strengthening Intersectoral Collaboration for Primary Health Care in Developing Countries : Can the Health Sector Play Broader Roles ? » Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2010 (2010) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/272896.
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Many strategic challenges impeding the success of primary health care are rooted in weak strategic inputs, including intersectoral collaboration. Some encouraging evidence from programmes, projects, and studies suggests that intersectoral collaboration is feasible and useful. The strategy has the potential to fast-track the attainment of Millenium Development Goals. However, the strategy is not commonly utilised in developing countries. The health sector expects inputs from other sectors which may not necessarily subscribe to a shared responsibility for health improvement, whereas the public expects ‘‘health’’ from the health sector. Yet, the health sector rarely takes on initiatives in that direction. The sector is challenged to mobilise all stakeholders for intersectoral collaboration through advocacy and programming. Pilot projects are advised in order to allow for cumulative experience, incremental lessons and more supportive evidence.
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Cartagena Molina, Eliana Alexandra, et Carmen Lucia Curcio Borrero. « Maltrato al anciano de la ciudad de Manizales : una mirada desde el género ». Latinoamericana de Estudios de Familia 11, no 1 (1 janvier 2019) : 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17151/rlef.2019.11.1.7.
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Objetivo. Comprender las vivencias de maltrato de personas mayores. Metodología. A partir del enfoque hermenéutico se entrevistaron ocho personas participantes en el International Mobility in Aging Studies. Resultados y conclusión. En el contexto de relaciones familiares patriarcales, con roles de género marcados por la subordinación de la mujer, las vivencias de maltrato son de diversos tipos y en general corresponden a los descritos en la literatura: abandono, descuido, negligencia, maltrato psicológico y físico. Se trata de familias que no funcionan adecuadamente y presentan situaciones problemáticas desde sus relaciones, desde la expectativa de cuidado y desde los círculos de violencia, visión que le resta responsabilidad al sujeto que ejerce maltrato. Aunque hay diferencias por género, todos expresan sentimientos de desvalorización y dependencia. El compromiso con el maltrato al anciano debe ser interdisciplinario e intersectorial, recoger la voz de los ancianos y reconocerlos como sujetos de derechos específicos con características y necesidades diferenciadas.
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Morita, Plinio, Arlene Oetomo et Ron Bowles. « Paramedics Connecting Through Applied Research (Paramedics CARe) Conference Canada 2021 ». International Paramedic Practice 12, no 1 (2 mars 2022) : 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ippr.2022.12.1.2.
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The Justice Institute of British Columbia convened its first annual Paramedics Connecting Through Applied Research (Paramedics CARe) between May 27 2021 and June 11 2021 over four morning sessions held online. The conference was co-sponsored by the CSA Group, the Justice Institute of British Columbia, and the University of Waterloo through a Connections grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. The aim of the Paramedics CARe is to mobilise knowledge on the latest research in Canadian paramedicine and foster intersectoral and interdisciplinary collaboration between academic researchers, educators, provincial and municipal governments, private small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that support paramedic practice, and the public through patient advocacy groups. In this Conference Report, the authors share some featured presentations, discuss lessons learned and visions for the future of paramedicine.
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Gazal, Kathryn A., et Kathleen G. Arano. « Marcellus Shale Gas Boom and Forestry Employment : Evidence from West Virginia ». Forest Science 67, no 4 (8 juin 2021) : 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxab014.
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Abstract Advancement in drilling technology has increased natural gas extraction activities from the Marcellus shale deposit resulting in a shale gas boom in many regions, including West Virginia. This boom has created a significant labor demand shock to local economies experiencing the boom. A number of studies have shown that a shale gas boom directly increases employment and the income of those working in the industry. However, the boom can also have an adverse impact on other sectors through the resource movement effect and intersector labor mobility, pulling workers away from a related sector like forestry. Thus, an econometric model of employment in the forestry sector was developed to investigate the impact of the Marcellus shale gas boom in West Virginia. There is evidence of a labor movement effect with forestry employment negatively affected by the Marcellus shale boom. Specifically, the overall marginal effect of the shale boom on forestry employment is approximately 435 fewer jobs. However, the extent of the decline is slightly moderated by a higher relative wage between gas and forestry, perhaps suggesting diminishing returns and overall slack in the local labor market.
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Jagnoor, Jagnoor, Aliki Christou, Cuong Pham, Rebecca Q. Ivers et Ha Nguyen. « Enabling factors and barriers to the sustainability and scale-up of drowning reduction interventions in Vietnam : a qualitative assessment ». Injury Prevention 26, no 5 (23 juin 2019) : 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043202.
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BackgroundVietnam has some of the highest rates of drowning deaths in the Western Pacific Region, particularly among children aged 19 years or younger. Several policies aimed at drowning prevention have been developed over the last decade; however, despite policy support, generally these have not been sustained beyond a pilot phase or have been limited to small geographical regions. The present study aims to explore barriers and facilitators for sustainability and scale-up of drowning prevention initiatives in Vietnam, identifying ways forward for future implementation.MethodsThis was a qualitative study using semistructured indepth interviews with key stakeholders (n=12) engaged in drowning prevention in Vietnam. The Framework Method was used to analyse the data drawing on Schell’s theoretical framework for public health programme sustainability. The Framework Method is most commonly used for the thematic analysis of semistructured interview transcripts, particularly as the data were fairly homogeneous.ResultsFour key factors were identified that facilitated implementation of drowning reduction activities in Vietnam. Strong political support at all levels, underpinned by policy; effective partnerships with the community; widespread communication; and programme adaptation to local contexts and application of innovative approaches, for example, strengthening organisational capacity in limited resource settings, were the key enablers. Barriers include the instability of the funding sources; inadequate programme evaluations to generate evidence of effectiveness and lack of consistent and timely data collection; and insufficient strategic planning for long-term implementation of drowning prevention interventions.ConclusionEnsuring the sustainability and scale-up of drowning prevention programmes in Vietnam requires a continued focus on enablers such as on community engagement, communication activities and partnership approaches, and importantly concerted efforts to mobilise resources for continued long-term funding, improvements in planning and intersectoral coordination, and ensuring that future programmes are robustly evaluated for effectiveness.
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Alfano, Vincenzo, Giuseppe Gaeta et Mauro Pinto. « Non-academic employment and matching satisfaction among PhD graduates with high intersectoral mobility potential ». International Journal of Manpower ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (9 mars 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-10-2020-0489.
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PurposeThis paper contributes to the empirical analysis of PhD holders' transition into the non-academic labor market (i.e. their intersectoral mobility). The research focuses on doctoral graduates specialized in a field of study supposed to have notable non-academic applications, namely Industrial and Information Engineering. We inspect whether these doctoral graduates experience lower satisfaction with PhD knowledge use on the job when they work outside universities and non-public research centers.Design/methodology/approachWe use cross-sectional survey data collected by the Italian National Institute of Statistics in 2014. Ordinary least squares and ordered logit analyses provide baseline results; furthermore, we apply a multinomial endogenous treatment model to control for potential bias arising from self-selection into employment sectors.FindingsWe find evidence that for PhD holders Industrial and Information Engineering being employed in the industrial and services sector implies lower satisfaction with the use of doctoral knowledge than that reported by their counterparts working in universities or public research centers.Originality/valueThese results complement and extend previous evidence about PhD holders' career outcomes by focusing on the intersectoral mobility issue and on a specific group of doctoral graduates whose intersectoral mobility potential is expected to be high. Our findings call for policies that might trigger a better alignment between doctoral education and non-academic jobs.
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Lee, Donghoon, et Kenneth I. Wolpin. « Intersectoral Labor Mobility and the Growth of the Service Sector ». SSRN Electronic Journal, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.590662.
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Dezhina, Irina. « Intersectoral mobility of researchers in Russia : trends and policy measures ». Triple Helix 2, no 1 (6 mai 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40604-015-0020-7.
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Finkel, Müge Kökten, Caroline Howard Grøn et Melanie M. Hughes. « Moving On Up ? Effects of Leadership Training and Intersectoral Mobility on Women’s Advancement in Danish Public Administration Management ». Review of Public Personnel Administration, 29 octobre 2021, 0734371X2110548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734371x211054875.
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Women’s underrepresentation in middle and upper management is a well-documented feature of the public sector that threatens performance and legitimacy. Yet, we know far less about the factors most likely to reduce these gender inequalities. In this article, we focus on two well-understood drivers of career advancement in public administration: leadership training and intersectoral mobility. In theory, training in leadership and experience across government levels and policy areas should help both women and men to climb management ranks. We use logistic regression to test this proposition using a representative sample of 1,819 Danish public managers. We find that leadership training disproportionately benefits women, and this helps to level the playing field. However, our analyses show that differences in intersectoral mobility do not explain the gender gap in public sector management.
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Dezhina, Irina. « Erratum to : Intersectoral mobility of researchers in Russia : trends and policy measures ». Triple Helix 2, no 1 (décembre 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40604-015-0029-y.
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Brüchert, T., P. Quentin, S. Baumgart et G. Bolte. « A guide for intersectoral policy action to promote active mobility by community design ». European Journal of Public Health 27, suppl_3 (20 octobre 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckx189.124.
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Ocaña, A., R. Peiró-Pérez, E. Pérez Sanz, E. Legaz Sánchez et J. Paredes-Carbonell. « Equity in local health : participatory tool to assess physical and socioeconomic settings in Spain ». European Journal of Public Health 30, Supplement_5 (1 septembre 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.774.
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Abstract To address local health with a focus on equity and social determinants in a participative way, an intersectoral health analysis must be within reach, with the participation of citizens in every step of the process, as well as the support and commitment of policy-makers. Tools that allow collective evaluation of the people's places and organized data collection are also required. In June of 2019, the translation and transcultural adaptation of the Place Standard Tool, as well as its validation in two municipalities was launched to have available a Spanish tool to evaluate places focusing on equity and social determinants, including equity in all the phases of the assessment process of the territory, promote and facilitate participation of vulnerable populations in every step, analyze results and interventions taking into account axes of inequality, build capacity at different levels, and address the resulting health necessities with an intersectoral focus on social determinants. A Spanish participatory tool with a focus on social determinants was validated. Equity was addressed through focus groups consisting of vulnerable people, analyzing the results by axes of inequality. The participation of citizens was included in the place assessment, and in the prioritization of actions to be developed in the areas with the worst evaluation. An intersectoral group is currently working on the planning of the proposed actions. The first action is a plan to foster the use of bicycles and a mobility analysis to improve urban transportation. The tool allows the participatory place assessment, and facilitates the connection of results and interventions to social determinants of health. It offers organized results which facilitates the intersectoral approach of derived interventions. The support of policy-makers is essential to carry out actions that impact social determinants of health, and to avoid creating false expectations among the citizens.
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Gomes, Marcelo F. C., Cláudia T. Codeço, Leonardo S. Bastos et Raquel M. Lana. « Measuring the contribution of human mobility to malaria persistence ». Malaria Journal 19, no 1 (11 novembre 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03474-4.
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Abstract Background To achieve malaria elimination, it is important to determine the role of human mobility in parasite transmission maintenance. The Alto Juruá basin (Brazil) exhibits one of the largest vivax and falciparum malaria prevalence in the Amazon. The goal of this study was to estimate the contribution of human commutes to malaria persistence in this region, using data from an origin-destination survey. Methods Data from an origin-destination survey were used to describe the intensity and motivation for commutations between rural and urban areas in two Alto Juruá basin (Brazil) municipalities, Mâncio Lima and Rodrigues Alves. The relative time-person spent in each locality per household was estimated. A logistic model was developed to estimate the effect of commuting on the probability of contracting malaria for a certain residence zone inhabitant commuting to another zone. Results The main results suggest that the assessed population is not very mobile. A total of $$96\%$$ 96 % households reported spending over $$90\%$$ 90 % of their annual person-hour in areas within the same residence zone. Study and work were the most prevalent commuting motivations, calculated at $$40.5\%$$ 40.5 % and $$29.5\%$$ 29.5 % respectively. Spending person-hours in urban Rodrigues Alves conferred relative protection to urban Mâncio Lima residents. The opposite effect was observed for those spending time in rural areas of both municipalities. Conclusion Residence area is a stronger determinant for contracting malaria than commuting zones in the Alto Juruá region. As these municipalities are a hotspot for Plasmodium transmission, understanding the main local human fluxes is essential for planning control strategies, since the probability of contracting malaria is dependent on the transmission intensity of both the origin and the displacement area. The natural conditions for the circulation of certain pathogens, such as Plasmodium spp., combined with the Amazon human mobility pattern indicate the need for disease control perspective changes. Therefore, intersectoral public policies should become the basis for health mitigation actions.
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Costa, D., L. Biddle, C. Mühling et K. Bozorgmehr. « Subjective social mobility, quality of life and mental health of asylum seekers/refugees in Germany ». European Journal of Public Health 30, Supplement_5 (1 septembre 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.832.
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Abstract Background Changes in the subjective social status (SSS) of migrants, specifically between the pre- and post-migratory movement, can be a relevant determinant of their mental health condition. This study analyzed the effect of downward subjective social mobility to the mental health of asylum seekers and refugees (ASR) in Germany. Methods Through a random sampling procedure, 560 adult ASR (18+ years) were recruited across 58 collective accommodation centers in Germanys' 3rd largest state (2018). SSS was assessed with the MacArthur social ladder (10-rungs), in reference to the participants' position in the country of origin and in Germany. Quality of Life (QoL, measured with EUROHIS-QOL), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-2) and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-2), were considered as mental health outcomes. Generalized linear regression models were fitted to measure associations between changes in SSS and each outcome. Results A loss of 3 or more steps in SSS from origin to Germany (compared to no-change) was significantly associated with poorer scores in QoL (B, standardized coefficient= -2.679, standard error, se = 1.351, p = 0.047), with more symptoms of depression (B = 1.156, se = 0.389, p = 0.003) and anxiety (B = 0.971, se = 0.432, p = 0.025), in models adjusted for SSS in the country of origin. The strength and direction of associations was unaltered after further adjusting for sex, age, educational level and time since arrival, although the coefficient for QoL was non-significant for those declaring a 3-step downward mobility (B= -2.494, se = 1.351, p = 0.066 for QoL; B = 1.048, se = 0.393, p = 0.008 for depression; and B = 1.006, se = 0.438, p = 0.022 for anxiety). Discussion The results suggest that interventions should focus on those experiencing social downward mobility and not only prioritize individuals with low social status. Early integration efforts and intersectoral measures to counter social downward mobility could prevent poor mental health among ASR. Key messages We analysed the impact to the quality of life and mental health of asylum seekers and refugees, of a change in subjective social status from country of origin to Germany. Asylum seekers and refugees residing in Germany, who perceived a downward social status mobility following their migration process, are at risk for poorer mental health.
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Griffith, Evan F., Loupa Pius, Pablo Manzano et Christine C. Jost. « COVID-19 in pastoral contexts in the greater Horn of Africa : Implications and recommendations ». Pastoralism 10, no 1 (13 octobre 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13570-020-00178-x.
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Abstract COVID-19 is a global pandemic that continues to spread around the world, including to Africa where cases are steadily increasing. The African Centres for Disease Control and Prevention is leading the pandemic response in Africa, with direction from the World Health Organization guidelines for critical preparedness, readiness, and response actions. These are written for national governments, lacking nuance for population and local differences. In the greater Horn of Africa, conditions unique to pastoralists such as inherent mobility and limited health and service infrastructure will influence the dynamics of COVID-19. In this paper, we present a One Health approach to the pandemic, consisting of interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaboration focused on the determinants of health and health outcomes amongst pastoralists. Our contextualized public health strategy includes community One Health teams and suggestions for where to implement targeted public health measures. We also analyse the interaction of COVID-19 impacts, including those caused directly by the disease and those that result from control efforts, with ongoing shocks and vulnerabilities in the region (e.g. desert locusts, livestock disease outbreaks, floods, conflict, and development displacement). We give recommendations on how to prepare for and respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and its secondary impacts on pastoral areas. Given that the full impact of COVID-19 on pastoral areas is unknown currently, our health recommendations focus on disease prevention and understanding disease epidemiology. We emphasize targeting pastoral toponymies with public health measures to secure market access and mobility while combating the direct health impacts of COVID-19. A contextualized approach for the COVID-19 public health response in pastoral areas in the Greater Horn of Africa, including how the pandemic will interact with existing shocks and vulnerabilities, is required for an effective response, while protecting pastoral livelihoods and food, income, and nutrition security.
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Freitas, Angela, et Paula Santana. « Putting Health at the Heart of Local Planning Through an Integrated Municipal Health Strategy ». Urban Planning 7, no 4 (19 septembre 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v7i4.5829.
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As a cross-sectoral issue, the promotion of health needs to be addressed across all policies. In Portugal, as more competencies are being transferred to local governments, the integration of health considerations into municipal plans remains a challenge and guidance on how to develop an integrated municipal health strategy is absent. The aim of this study is to describe the conceptual and methodological approach that informed the development of an integrated and multisectoral municipal health strategy in the City of Coimbra. Its design followed a population health approach with a geographic lens, looking at how the population’s health outcomes and health determinants were geographically distributed across the municipality, as well as the extent to which policies from multiple sectors can address them. The planning cycle followed an iterative workflow of five actions: assessing, prioritizing, planning, implementing, and monitoring. Following a participatory planning approach, several participatory processes were conducted involving local stakeholders and citizens (e.g., population-based surveys, workshops, Delphi, collaborative sessions) to identify problems, establish priorities, and define measures and actions. The strategic framework for action integrates 94 actions across multisectoral domains of municipal intervention: sustainable mobility and public places, safe and adequate housing, accessible healthcare, social cohesion and participation, education and health literacy, and intersectoral and collaborative leadership. Findings shed light on important aspects that can inform other municipal strategies, such as the adoption of a place-based approach, focused on geographic inequalities, health determinants and stakeholder participation, and the application of a health in all policies framework.
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Virgilio, Mirela Schmidt, Eliane Regina Pereira do Nascimento, Patrícia Madalena Vieira Hermida, Maria Itayra Coelho de Souza Padilha, Keyla Cristine do Nascimento et José Luís Guedes dos Santos. « Significado de vida no trânsito : representações sociais de membros da Rede Vida no Trânsito ». Enfermagem em Foco 11, no 4 (11 janvier 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.21675/2357-707x.2020.v11.n4.3426.
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Objetivo: compreender o significado de vida no trânsito na perspectiva de membros da Rede Vida no Trânsito. Metodologia: estudo exploratório descritivo, qualitativo, orientado pelo referencial teórico das representações sociais. A coleta de dados ocorreu de junho a agosto de 2016, por meio de entrevistas com 30 participantes. Utilizou-se a técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo para análise de dados. Resultados: emergiram dos dados representações retratadas na Ancoragem (promoção de vida no trânsito) e na Ideia Central (preservação da vida pela redução dos acidentes). A promoção da vida no trânsito é representada por educação; respeito; tolerância; investimento e segurança. A preservação da vida refere-se à diminuição de óbitos no trânsito e transporte com segurança. Conclusão: a vida no trânsito representa condições ideais de trânsito e mobilidade com segurança. Porém, a realidade cotidiana sinaliza a necessidade de melhorias a fim de garantir vida no trânsito com segurança.Descritores: Acidentes de Trânsito; Política Pública; Colaboração Intersetorial; Segurança; Enfermagem em Emergência.MEANING OF LIFE IN TRAFFIC: SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF MEMBERS OF THE TRAFFIC LIFE NETWORKObjective: to understand the meaning of life in traffic from the perspective of members of the Life in Traffic Network. Method: a descriptive, qualitative exploratory study, guided by the theoretical framework of social representations. Data collection took place from June to August 2016, through interviews with 30 participants. The collective subject discourse technique was used for data analysis. Results: emerged from the data representations portrayed in Anchorage (life promotion in traffic) and Central Idea (preservation of life by reducing accidents). The promotion of life in traffic is represented by education; respect; tolerance; investment and security. The preservation of life refers to the reduction of deaths in traffic and transport safely. Conclusion: life in traffic represents ideal traffic conditions and safe mobility. However, everyday reality signals the need for improvements to ensure life in traffic safely.Descriptors: Traffic Accidents; Public Policy; Intersectoral Collaboration; Safety; Emergency Nursing.SIGNIFICADO DE LA VIDA EN EL TRÁFICO: REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DE LOS MIEMBROS DE LA RED DE VIDA DEL TRÁFICOObjetivo: comprender el significado de la vida en el tráfico desde la perspectiva de los miembros de la Red de Vida en el Tráfico. Método: estudio exploratorio descriptivo, cualitativo, guiado por el marco teórico de las representaciones sociales. La recopilación de datos tuvo lugar de junio a agosto de 2016, a través de entrevistas con 30 participantes. La técnica del discurso del sujeto colectivo se utilizó para el análisis de datos. Resultados: surgieron de las representaciones de datos retratadas en Anclaje (promoción de la vida en el tráfico) e Idea central (preservación de la vida mediante la reducción de accidentes). La promoción de la vida en el tráfico está representada por la educación; respeto tolerancia inversión y seguridad. La preservación de la vida se refiere a la reducción de muertes en el tráfico y el transporte de manera segura. Conclusión: la vida en el tráfico representa condiciones ideales de tráfico y movilidad segura. Sin embargo, la realidad cotidiana señala la necesidad de mejoras para garantizar la vida en el tráfico de manera segura.Descriptores: Accidentes de Tránsito; Política Pública; Colaboración Intersectorial; Seguridad; Enfermería de Urgencia.
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Mumladze, Anzor, et Iryna Lomachynska. « HUMAN CAPITAL AS A COMPONENT OF AN INNOVATION-ORIENTED ECONOMY ». Odessa National University Herald. Economy 26, no 4(89) (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2304-0920/4-89-4.
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The article explores human capital as an embodied and integrated resource of socio-economic development of the country, influencing the level and quality of life in society, the possibilities of sectoral and intersectoral development of the economy, given current global trends and national potential. It is determined that human capital is formed as a result of investment and accumulation of a certain reserve of health, knowledge, skills, abilities, motivations, which are appropriately used in a particular area of social reproduction, contribute to the growth of labor productivity and manufacturing efficiency. In the innovation-oriented economy it is important to create appropriate conditions for the formation and reproduction of human capital in order to transform basic human resources in relation to the formation of incentives for productive work, the growth of the welfare of the population, balancing social costs, ensuring sustainable growth of the national economy, etc. The modern stage of social development strengthens the role of the human capital as a component of innovation-oriented and sustainable economy, which determines the need to increase the efficiency of use of accumulated experience, adaptation of methods of research of the human capital development, as well as systematic use of professional competencies of society representatives. As a result, the concept of formation and development of the human capital, as well as its investment support and state regulation regarding sustainable growth of the labor productivity and reproduction of the human capital in accordance with modern requirements, in particular, globalization, Industry 4.0, digitalization, socialization is reconsidered. The modern structure of investments in human capital includes the following types of investments: the cost of education (the cost of general and special education, formal and informal education, the cost of training in the workplace), the cost of health care (physical and mental health), information search, migration, mobility, motivation, R&D, informatization, intellectual innovation, ecology and healthy lifestyles, culture and recreation. In this case, the availability of information to private investors or the population about promising areas of investment in the human capital is accompanied by a systematic receipt of profit, which maintains their interest for a certain period of time.
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Bloch, P. « Tingbjerg Changing Diabetes : Dynamic intersectoral collaboration in community health promotion ». European Journal of Public Health 31, Supplement_3 (1 octobre 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.334.
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Abstract Background Intersectoral collaborative action is a beneficial and cost-effective strategy in health promotion and multilevel, comprehensive interventions are increasingly used to prevent chronic diseases. Yet, more knowledge is needed on processes of sustainable intersectoral partnership building. Tingbjerg Changing Diabetes (TCD) is a long-term (2014-2032) initiative to promote health and prevent type 2 diabetes in the socially disadvantaged neighbourhood Tingbjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark. TCD applies the Supersetting approach to mobilise community resources and to attain synergistic effects through coordinated engagement of multiple stakeholders in multiple settings in local community. The Supersetting approach constitute five core principles: integration, participation, empowerment, context-sensitivity, knowledge. Activities draw on Community Action Research. Methods The paper analyses partnership building processes in TCD. Data includes contextual analyses, log data, notes from partner meetings/workshops, partner interviews and activity process evaluations. Partners include educational, private and public institutions (incl. Copenhagen Municipality), a local political committee, social housing associations and research institutions. Results Drivers of sustainability of TCD related partnerships included trusting, dynamic and flexible relations established at multiple levels of involvement. Local resource identification and co-creation processes ensured feasibility of activities by involving most relevant partners. The evolvement of interrelated project activities based on shared goals, structures and principles fostered cohesion of TCD's intersectoral partner collaboration. Conclusions The intersectoral partner collaboration in TCD was established, maintained and expanded through iterative processes of activity and project development. Thus, TCD has been effective in mobilizing and integrating multiple intersectoral partners in community health promotion. Key messages The sustainability of TCD intersectoral partner engagement and collaboration is driven by dynamic relations at multiple levels ensuring consistent, yet flexible engagement. The iterative project development building on community interests and shared goals, structures and principles maintain the dynamic partnerships of TCD.